FN Clarivate Analytics Web of Science VR 1.0 PT J AU Gennai, M Carnicelli, S Dell'Olmo, L Gabellini, A Giunti, M Lazzaro, L Lucchesi, F Monacci, F Viciani, D Foggi, B AF Gennai, M. Carnicelli, S. Dell'Olmo, L. Gabellini, A. Giunti, M. Lazzaro, L. Lucchesi, F. Monacci, F. Viciani, D. Foggi, B. TI The Floodplain Woods of Tuscany SO JOURNAL OF MAPS LA English DT Article DE Vegetation; landscape; directive habitat; conservation; central Italy ID BIODIVERSITY AB The contraction of lowland forests throughout Europe began in remote times and then intensified strongly with land reclamation by agriculture and urbanization during the first half of the last century. We present a map of the Floodplain Woods of Tuscany on a scale of 1:300,000 as a synthesis of that built at the scale of 1:10,000 and the methods used to obtain it. Nearly 90% of the patches contain habitats of concern to conservation, according to the Habitat Directive. The Tuscan Floodplain Woods remained prevalent in coastal areas, where some levels of protection are guaranteed by the presence of several protected areas, whereas they have practically vanished in the other parts of the regional territory. The resulting patches are very small and distant from each other, so only in-depth management of all potential floodplain forest areas, taking into consideration patches for their regeneration, can be useful to assure their conservation. C1 [Gennai, M.; Dell'Olmo, L.; Gabellini, A.; Lazzaro, L.; Viciani, D.; Foggi, B.] Univ Florence, Dept Biol, Via La Pira 4, I-50121 Florence, Italy. [Carnicelli, S.] Univ Florence, Dept Geol, Florence, Italy. [Giunti, M.] NEMOAMBIENTE, Florence, Italy. [Lucchesi, F.; Monacci, F.] Univ Florence, Dept Architecture, Florence, Italy. RP Foggi, B (reprint author), Univ Florence, Dept Biol, Via La Pira 4, I-50121 Florence, Italy. EM bruno.foggi@unifi.it NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1744-5647 J9 J MAPS JI J. Maps PD DEC 9 PY 2020 VL 16 IS 2 BP 179 EP 186 DI 10.1080/17445647.2020.1717654 PG 8 WC Geography; Geography, Physical SC Geography; Physical Geography GA KG5SZ UT WOS:000510011900001 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Gennai, M Carnicelli, S Dell'Olmo, L Gabellini, A Giunti, M Lazzaro, L Lucchesi, F Monacci, F Viciani, D Foggi, B AF Gennai, M. Carnicelli, S. Dell'Olmo, L. Gabellini, A. Giunti, M. Lazzaro, L. Lucchesi, F. Monacci, F. Viciani, D. Foggi, B. TI The Floodplain Woods of Tuscany SO JOURNAL OF MAPS LA English DT Article DE Vegetation; landscape; directive habitat; conservation; central Italy ID BIODIVERSITY AB The contraction of lowland forests throughout Europe began in remote times and then intensified strongly with land reclamation by agriculture and urbanization during the first half of the last century. We present a map of the Floodplain Woods of Tuscany on a scale of 1:300,000 as a synthesis of that built at the scale of 1:10,000 and the methods used to obtain it. Nearly 90% of the patches contain habitats of concern to conservation, according to the Habitat Directive. The Tuscan Floodplain Woods remained prevalent in coastal areas, where some levels of protection are guaranteed by the presence of several protected areas, whereas they have practically vanished in the other parts of the regional territory. The resulting patches are very small and distant from each other, so only in-depth management of all potential floodplain forest areas, taking into consideration patches for their regeneration, can be useful to assure their conservation. C1 [Gennai, M.; Dell'Olmo, L.; Gabellini, A.; Lazzaro, L.; Viciani, D.; Foggi, B.] Univ Florence, Dept Biol, Via La Pira 4, I-50121 Florence, Italy. [Carnicelli, S.] Univ Florence, Dept Geol, Florence, Italy. [Giunti, M.] NEMOAMBIENTE, Florence, Italy. [Lucchesi, F.; Monacci, F.] Univ Florence, Dept Architecture, Florence, Italy. RP Foggi, B (reprint author), Univ Florence, Dept Biol, Via La Pira 4, I-50121 Florence, Italy. EM bruno.foggi@unifi.it NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1744-5647 J9 J MAPS JI J. Maps PD DEC 9 PY 2020 VL 16 IS 2 BP 179 EP 186 DI 10.1080/17445647.2020.1717654 PG 8 WC Geography; Geography, Physical SC Geography; Physical Geography GA KH0FC UT WOS:000510322800001 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Beech, BM Norris, KC Thorpe, RJ Heitman, E Bruce, MA AF Beech, Bettina M. Norris, Keith C. Thorpe, Roland J., Jr. Heitman, Elizabeth Bruce, Marino A. TI CONVERSATION CAFES AND CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK FORMATION FOR RESEARCH TRAINING AND MENTORING OF UNDERREPRESENTED FACULTY AT HISTORICALLY BLACK COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES: OBESITY HEALTH DISPARITIES (OHD) PRIDE PROGRAM SO ETHNICITY & DISEASE LA English DT Article DE Research Training and Mentoring; Health Disparities; Obesity Research; Population Health ID OVERWEIGHT AB The development of research training opportunities for investigators from the untapped pool of traditionally underrepresented racial/ethnic groups has gained intense interest at the National Institutes of Health (NIH). The significant and persistent disparity in the likelihood of R01 funding between African American and Whites was highlighted in the groundbreaking 2011 report, Race, Ethnicity, and NIH Research Awards. Disparities in binding success were also shown to exist at the institutional level, as 30 institutions receive a disproportionate share of federal research funding.Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) have a dual commitment to education and research; however, the teaching loads at HBCUs may present challenges for research-oriented faculty. Few research training and mentoring programs have been specifically designed for this group. During 2015 and 2016, we held three conversation cafes with 77 participants in Jackson, Mississippi and Baltimore, Maryland. The purpose of this article is to describe findings from these conversation cafes regarding barriers and facilitators to building robust research careers at HBCUs, and to illustrate how these data were used to adapt the conceptual framework for the NHLBI-funded Obesity Health Disparities (OHD) PRIDE program. Identified barriers included teaching and advising loads, infrastructures, and lack of research mentors on campus. The benefit of incorporating research into classroom teaching was a noted facilitator. C1 [Beech, Bettina M.; Norris, Keith C.; Thorpe, Roland J., Jr.; Heitman, Elizabeth] Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, John D Bower Sch Populat Hlth, Jackson, MS 39216 USA. [Beech, Bettina M.; Norris, Keith C.; Thorpe, Roland J., Jr.] Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, Myrlie Evers Williams Inst Eliminat Hlth Dispar, Jackson, MS 39216 USA. [Norris, Keith C.] UCLA, David Geffen Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Thorpe, Roland J., Jr.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ, Johns Hopkins Ctr Hlth Dispar Solut, Baltimore, MD USA. [Heitman, Elizabeth] Univ Texas Southwestern Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. [Bruce, Marino A.] Vanderbilt Univ, Program Res Faith & Hlth, Ctr Res Mens Hlth, 221 Kirkland Hall, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Bruce, Marino A.] Vanderbilt Univ, Ctr Med Hlth & Soc, 221 Kirkland Hall, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. RP Beech, BM (reprint author), Bower Sch Populat Hlth, 2500 North State St, Jackson, MS 39216 USA. EM bbeech@umc.edu FU National Heart, Lung, and Blood InstituteUnited States Department of Health & Human ServicesNational Institutes of Health (NIH) - USANIH National Heart Lung & Blood Institute (NHLBI) [R25HL126145]; National Institute on AgingUnited States Department of Health & Human ServicesNational Institutes of Health (NIH) - USANIH National Institute on Aging (NIA) [K02AG059140] FX This research was supported by a grant from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R25HL126145 - Beech and Norris) and a grant from National Institute on Aging (K02AG059140-Thorpe). NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 6 PU INT SOC HYPERTENSION BLACKS-ISHIB PI ATLANTA PA 100 AUBURN AVE NE STE 401, ATLANTA, GA 30303-2527 USA SN 1049-510X EI 1945-0826 J9 ETHNIC DIS JI Ethn. Dis. PD WIN PY 2020 VL 30 IS 1 BP 83 EP 90 DI 10.18865/ed.30.1.83 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA KD4VS UT WOS:000507864600011 PM 31969787 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Paighambari, SY Mohammadi, MG Raeisi, H Pouladi, M AF Paighambari, Seyed Yousef Mohammadi, Mohsen Ghaed Raeisi, Hadi Pouladi, Mojtaba TI Seasonal comparison of catch composition, biodiversity and length-weight relationships of fish fauna in Doroudzan Dam, Fars Province, Iran SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE AND BIODIVERSITY LA English DT Article ID FRESH-WATER FISHES; DIVERSITY; RIVER; FREQUENCY AB This investigation was conducted in Doroudzan Dam located in Fars province from winter 2017 to summer 2018. The fish specimens were caught using monofilament gillnet with 20, 70, 100 and 120 mm mesh sizes. Overall, 283 fish specimens belong to the Cyprinidae (seven species) and Mugilidae families (a single species) were caught which were included: Cyprinus carpio, Carassius gibelio, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, H. nobilis, Alburnus mossulensis, Capoeta damascina, Carasobarbus luteus and Planiliza abu. C. carpio and P. abu were dominant species during sampling seasons. The highest range of total length and weight belonged to H. nobilis (Length range: 52.8-102.6 cm; Weight range: 2811.5-20628.9 g) and the lowest ranges belonged to A. mossulensis (Length range: 8.6-15.1 cm; Weight range: 5.05-29.4 g) and P. abu (Length range: 8.3-19.6 cm; Weight range: 4.52-59.48 g). The highest amounts of the Shannon-Wiener and Simpson indices were observed in spring (2.413) and winter (0.795), respectively. PCA result showed that C. carpio and P. abu were the most effective species that caused the changes in the seasonal fish abundance and diversity. Also, the most amounts of seasonal similarity were between summer and spring (J = 0.625; S = 0.729) and the lowest amounts were between summer and winter (J = 0.375; S = 0.545). C1 [Paighambari, Seyed Yousef; Mohammadi, Mohsen Ghaed; Pouladi, Mojtaba] Gorgan Univ Agr Sci & Nat Resources, Fac Fisheries & Environm Sci, Dept Fisheries, Gorgan, Golestan, Iran. [Raeisi, Hadi] GonbadKavous Univ, Fac Agr & Nat Resources, Dept Fisheries, Gonbadkavous, Iran. RP Paighambari, SY (reprint author), Gorgan Univ Agr Sci & Nat Resources, Fac Fisheries & Environm Sci, Dept Fisheries, Gorgan, Golestan, Iran. EM sypaighambari@gau.ac.ir FU Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources (GAU) FX The authors are thankful to the Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources (GAU) for their financial support and technical collaborations during the study period. NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 29 U2 29 PU ARAK UNIV, ARAK PI ARAK PA DEPT ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES, FAC AGRICULTURE & NATURAL RESOURCES, ARAK, 00000, IRAN EI 2588-3526 J9 J WILDLIFE BIODIVERS JI J. Wildl. Biodivers. PD WIN PY 2020 VL 4 IS 1 BP 18 EP 28 DI 10.22120/jwb.2019.113128.1081 PG 12 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KA4IL UT WOS:000505760400003 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Dai, YJ Tian, ZG Meng, WN Li, ZJ AF Dai, Yijie Tian, Zhigiang Meng, Wangni Li, Zongjun TI Microbial Diversity and Physicochemical Characteristics of the Maotai-Flavored Liquor Fermentation Process SO JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Maotai-Flavored Liquor; High-Throughput Sequencing Technology; Microbial Community Structure; Biodiversity Analysis ID DAQU; EXTRACTION; SEQUENCES AB The grains fermented in Maotai-flavored liquor can be classified into two groups: high-temperature fermented grains generated by stacking and grains fermented in pits. The Maotai-flavor making process enriches a special microbiota from the fermented grains, which makes related studies more difficult. The use of modern molecular techniques to detect and analyze diversity and changes in total bacterial (16S rRNA sequencing) and fungal (internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequencing) counts have helped to overcome the shortcomings of traditional technological research. The total RNA extracted by Fe3O4-SiO2 nanoparticles was retrieved into DNA by MagBeads Total RNA Extraction Kit. However, discrepancies exist in the microbial community structures at different fermentation periods. Dominant bacteria include Escherichia-Shigella, Lactobacillus, Clostridium, and Streptococcus species and dominant fungi include Alternaria Ciliophora, Pyrenochaetopsis, Cyphellophora, Aspergillus, Issatchenkia, Pichia, Candida, and Zygosaccharomyces species. Analyses of the enzymatic activity of samples at different fermentation stages have revealed that some existing bacilli influence amylase activity. Here, to investigate flavor changes during each fermentation round, the liquor quality at all rounds was comprehensively assessed based on the corresponding physicochemical properties, which were summarized by sensory evaluation. These results suggested that the liquor quality in the third, fourth, and fifth fermentation rounds was superior. C1 [Dai, Yijie; Li, Zongjun] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Food Sci & Technol, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China. [Dai, Yijie; Tian, Zhigiang; Meng, Wangni] Inst Supervis & Inspect Prod Qual Guizhou Prov, Guiyang 550016, Guizhou, Peoples R China. [Li, Zongjun] Hunan Agr Univ, Natl Res Ctr Engn & Technol Utilizat Funct Ingred, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China. RP Li, ZJ (reprint author), Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Food Sci & Technol, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.; Li, ZJ (reprint author), Hunan Agr Univ, Natl Res Ctr Engn & Technol Utilizat Funct Ingred, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 12 U2 12 PU AMER SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERS PI VALENCIA PA 26650 THE OLD RD, STE 208, VALENCIA, CA 91381-0751 USA SN 1533-4880 EI 1533-4899 J9 J NANOSCI NANOTECHNO JI J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. PD JUL PY 2020 VL 20 IS 7 BP 4097 EP 4109 DI 10.1166/jnn.2020.17522 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA KE6ED UT WOS:000508646300018 PM 31968426 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Katsurayama, AM Martins, LM Iamanaka, BT Fungaro, MHP Silva, JJ Pitt, JI Frisvad, JC Taniwaki, MH AF Katsurayama, Aline M. Martins, Ligia M. Iamanaka, Beatriz T. Fungaro, Maria Helena P. Silva, Josue J. Pitt, John, I Frisvad, Jens C. Taniwaki, Marta H. TI Fungal communities in rice cultivated in different Brazilian agroclimatic zones: From field to market SO FOOD MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ASPERGILLUS SECTION FLAVI; NATURAL OCCURRENCE; TOXIGENIC FUNGI; MILLED RICE; MYCOBIOTA; ZEARALENONE; MYCOTOXINS; AFLATOXINS; MYCOFLORA; GRAINS AB Rice is one of the most consumed cereals in Brazil and around the world. Due to the major health impact of rice consumption on populations, studies about its quality have great importance. The present study determined the mycobiota of soil, field, processing and market rice samples from two production systems in Brazil, dryland in the state of Maranhao and wetland in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. These areas are distinct agroclimatic zones. A total of 171 rice and 23 soil samples were analyzed. A high differentiation was observed in the composition of the fungal communities found in the two production systems, as the wetland presented greater fungal incidence and biodiversity. It was observed that toxigenic species from Aspergillus section Flavi and Fusarium, present in the field, may infect rice grains pre or postharvest and may persist into the final product. C1 [Katsurayama, Aline M.; Martins, Ligia M.; Iamanaka, Beatriz T.; Taniwaki, Marta H.] ITAL, Inst Food Technol, CP 139, BR-13070178 Campinas, SP, Brazil. [Fungaro, Maria Helena P.; Silva, Josue J.] Univ Estadual Londrina, POB 6001, BR-6051970 Londrina, Parana, Brazil. [Pitt, John, I] CSIRO Agr & Food, POB 52, N Ryde, NSW 1670, Australia. [Frisvad, Jens C.] Tech Univ Denmark, Dept Biotechnol & Biomed, Lyngby, Denmark. RP Taniwaki, MH (reprint author), Av Brasil 2880, BR-13070178 Campinas, SP, Brazil. EM marta@ital.sp.gov.br RI ; Frisvad, Jens/K-2818-2017 OI Manoel Martins, Ligia/0000-0001-5009-1359; Frisvad, Jens/0000-0002-0573-4340 FU "Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo" (FAPESP)Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) [2014/07498-7]; "Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico" (CNPq)National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) [305649/014-0]; Fundacao de Desenvolvimento de Pesquisa do Agronegocio (FUNDEPAG); Coordenadoria de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal do Ensino Superior (CAPES)CAPES FX The authors acknowledge the financial support of "Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo" (FAPESP) (Grant #2014/07498-7), "Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico" (CNPq) (Grant #305649/014-0), Fundacao de Desenvolvimento de Pesquisa do Agronegocio (FUNDEPAG) and Coordenadoria de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal do Ensino Superior (CAPES). NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 23 U2 23 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0740-0020 EI 1095-9998 J9 FOOD MICROBIOL JI Food Microbiol. PD MAY PY 2020 VL 87 AR 103378 DI 10.1016/j.fm.2019.103378 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology; Microbiology GA KC0GM UT WOS:000506865300016 PM 31948619 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Tiwari, V Tripathi, JP Mishra, S Upadhyay, RK AF Tiwari, Vandana Tripathi, Jai Prakash Mishra, Swati Upadhyay, Ranjit Kumar TI Modeling the fear effect and stability of non-equilibrium patterns in mutually interfering predator-prey systems SO APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTATION LA English DT Article DE Predator-prey interactions; Fear effect; Hopf-bifurcation; Turing pattern; Transcritical bifurcation; Periodic orbits ID FUNCTIONAL-RESPONSES; BIFURCATION-ANALYSIS; RISK; BIODIVERSITY; PLASTICITY; DYNAMICS; STRESS AB Recent demographic experiments have demonstrated that both birth and survival in free-living animals are essentially affected due to having sufficient exposure to predators and further leaving physiological stress effects. In this paper, we have proposed and analyzed a predator-prey interaction model with Beddington-DeAngelis functional response (BDFR) and incorporating the cost of fear into prey reproduction. Stability analysis and the existence of transcritical bifurcation are studied. For the spatial system, the Hopf-bifurcation around the interior equilibrium, stability of homogeneous steady state, direction and stability of spatially homogeneous periodic orbits have been established. Using Normal form of the steady state bifurcation, the possibility of pitchfork bifurcation has been established. The impact of the level of fear and mutual interference on the stability and Turing patterns of the spatiotemporal system have been discussed in detail. Simulation results ensure that the fear of predator stabilizes the system dynamics and cost the overall population size of the species. (C) 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Tiwari, Vandana] Gandhi Smarak PG Coll, Jaunpur 223102, UP, India. [Tripathi, Jai Prakash] Cent Univ Rajasthan, Dept Math, Ajmer 305817, Rajasthan, India. [Mishra, Swati; Upadhyay, Ranjit Kumar] Indian Inst Technol ISM, Dept Appl Math, Dhanbad 826004, Bihar, India. RP Tripathi, JP (reprint author), Cent Univ Rajasthan, Dept Math, Ajmer 305817, Rajasthan, India. EM jtripathi85@gmail.com FU Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), India [ECR/2017/002786]; UGC-BSR Research Start-Up-Grant, India [F.30-356/2017(BSR)]; Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), DST, Govt. of India [MTR/2017/000301] FX The research work of second author (Jai Prakash Tripathi) is supported by Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), India [File No. ECR/2017/002786] and UGC-BSR Research Start-Up-Grant, India [No. F.30-356/2017(BSR)]. This work is also supported by the Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), DST, Govt. of India under grant no. MTR/2017/000301 to the author (R.K. Upadhyay). NR 65 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 11 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA STE 800, 230 PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10169 USA SN 0096-3003 EI 1873-5649 J9 APPL MATH COMPUT JI Appl. Math. Comput. PD APR 15 PY 2020 VL 371 AR 124948 DI 10.1016/j.amc.2019.124948 PG 23 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA JZ1CO UT WOS:000504843100021 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Aghabalaei, A Ebadi, H Maghsoudi, Y AF Aghabalaei, Amir Ebadi, Hamid Maghsoudi, Yasser TI Forest height estimation based on the RVoG inversion model and the PolInSAR decomposition technique SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID SCATTERING MODEL AB Monitoring the earth's biosphere is an essential task to understand the global dynamics of ecosystems, biodiversity, and management aspects. Forests, as a natural resource, have an important role to control the climate changes and the carbon cycle. For this reason, biomass and consequently forest height are known as the key information for monitoring the forest and its underlying surface. Several studies have shown that Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imaging systems can provide an appropriate solution to estimate the biomass and the forest height. In this framework, Polarimetric SAR Interferometry (PolInSAR) technique is an effective tool for forest height estimation, due to its sensitivity to location and vertical distribution of the forest structural components. From one point of view, the employed methods are either based on model-based decomposition techniques or inversion models. In this paper, a method based on the combination of two categories has been proposed. Indeed, introducing a new way of combining the two categories for forest height estimation is the novel contribution of this study. The main motivation is to find directly and simultaneity the volume only and ground only complex coherences using the PolInSAR decomposition technique without the need to any a priori information for improving the forest height estimation procedure in the inversion models such as Random Volume over Ground (RVoG) model. The efficiency of the proposed approach was demonstrated by the E-SAR L-band single baseline PolInSAR data over the Remningstorp test site, in southern Sweden. Moreover, Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data were used to evaluate the results. The experimental results showed that the proposed method improved the forest height estimation by 6.86 m. C1 [Aghabalaei, Amir; Ebadi, Hamid; Maghsoudi, Yasser] KN Toosi Univ Technol, Dept Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing, Fac Geomat Engn, Tehran, Iran. RP Aghabalaei, A (reprint author), KN Toosi Univ Technol, Dept Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing, Fac Geomat Engn, Tehran, Iran. EM a.aghabalaei@mail.kntu.ac.ir NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0143-1161 EI 1366-5901 J9 INT J REMOTE SENS JI Int. J. Remote Sens. PD APR 2 PY 2020 VL 41 IS 7 BP 2684 EP 2703 DI 10.1080/01431161.2019.1694726 PG 20 WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA KG7NC UT WOS:000510133600013 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Sanchez-Montoya, MM Guerrero-Brotons, M Minano, J Gomez, R AF Sanchez-Montoya, M. M. Guerrero-Brotons, M. Minano, J. Gomez, R. TI Effects of debris piles and pools along dry riverbeds on nutrients, microbial activity, and ground-dwelling arthropods: A Namibian ephemeral river case SO JOURNAL OF ARID ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Article DE Biodiversity; Dry channel; Riparian and upland habitats; River management; Sediments; Terrestrial invertebrates ID BACTERIAL COMMUNITIES; WOODY DEBRIS; STREAM; BEETLES; TRANSPORT; SEDIMENT AB Debris piles and dry pools are common landscape elements along ephemeral river channels. However, their effects on resource availability and arthropod species diversity have been neglected so far. We investigated whether debris piles and pools along dry riverbeds generate nodes of environmental resources, influence microbial activity, and provide key habitats for ground-dwelling arthropods. We studied three different habitats (channel, debris pile and dry pool) to analyze organic matter, nutrients and microbial activity in dry sediments, and included two further habitats (riparian and upland areas) for ground-dwelling arthropod assemblages along a major ephemeral river (Ugab River, NW Namibia). We observed higher concentrations of organic matter and macro- and micro-nutrients in debris piles than in pools, and higher concentrations in both landscape elements than in the sandy channel matrix. Microbial activity showed a positive relationship with organic matter and nutrient availability in sediments. Debris piles, dry pools and channels harbored diverse and abundant ground-dwelling arthropod assemblages similar to adjacent terrestrial areas. Debris piles and pools differed in assemblage composition not only from riparian and upland areas but also from the sandy channel matrix. Overall, debris piles and dry pools acted as nodes of soil fertility, enhanced microbial activity, and shaped ground-dwelling arthropod assemblages. C1 [Sanchez-Montoya, M. M.; Guerrero-Brotons, M.; Minano, J.; Gomez, R.] Univ Murcia, Dept Ecol & Hydrol, Reg Campus Int Excellence Campus Mare Nostrum, Campus Espinardo, E-30100 Murcia, Spain. [Sanchez-Montoya, M. M.] Leibniz Inst Freshwater Ecol & Inland Fisheries I, D-12587 Berlin, Germany. RP Sanchez-Montoya, MM (reprint author), Univ Murcia, Dept Ecol & Hydrol, Reg Campus Int Excellence Campus Mare Nostrum, Campus Espinardo, E-30100 Murcia, Spain. EM marsanch@um.es FU CLITEMP Project [330466]; CLITEMP Project (MC-IEF); Seneca FoundationFundacion Seneca [20645/J11/18]; Tsiseb Conservancy; CLITEMP Project (FP7-people-2012-IEF) FX This study was partially funded by the CLITEMP Project (330466; MC-IEF; FP7-people-2012-IEF) and the Seneca Foundation (Project 20645/J11/18). We thank to Tsiseb Conservancy for its support. The authors declare no conflict of interest. NR 53 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0140-1963 EI 1095-922X J9 J ARID ENVIRON JI J. Arid. Environ. PD APR PY 2020 VL 175 AR 104082 DI 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2019.104082 PG 8 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KH0CS UT WOS:000510316600007 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Starr, SM McIntyre, NE AF Starr, Scott M. McIntyre, Nancy E. TI Land-cover changes and influences on playa wetland inundation on the Southern High Plains SO JOURNAL OF ARID ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Article DE Agriculture; FRAGSTATS; Grassland; Land use ID GREAT-PLAINS; PRAIRIE WETLANDS; TEMPORARY WETLANDS; PLANT-COMMUNITIES; OGALLALA AQUIFER; LAKES; CONNECTIVITY; PERSISTENCE; IRRIGATION; CATCHMENTS AB Playas are ephemeral, depressional wetlands that are the primary form of surface water in the Southern High Plains of North America, an area that has experienced extensive and relatively recent land-cover changes. Because the influences of these changes in landscape structure (composition, configuration, and connectivity of land-cover types) on playas have not been assessed over time, we used remotely sensed imagery to quantify changes in the five regionally dominant land-cover categories (cropland, rangeland/grassland, fallow, developed, and water) and playa inundation patterns in Texas on six dates during the late growing season over a 23-year span (1986-2008). A decrease in the number of wet playas was observed over that time, associated with significant differences among land covers between and within years around dry vs. wet playas (with playas surrounded by rangeland/grassland being twice as likely to be dry than playas surrounded by cropland). Mean patch size and overall area of rangeland/grassland increased over time, possibly due in part to conservation efforts in the area. Because playas are crucial habitats, these landscape changes have likely affected regional biodiversity; our findings indicate that assessments of the remaining playa wetlands should be undertaken to compare biotic communities with surrounding land-cover history. C1 [Starr, Scott M.; McIntyre, Nancy E.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. RP McIntyre, NE (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. EM nancy.mcintyre@ttu.edu OI McIntyre, Nancy/0000-0003-1790-3057 FU Water Conservation Research Fellowship; Texas Tech University Dissertation Completion Fellowship; CH Foundation Doctoral Fellowship FX We thank L. D. Densmore, K. Griffis-Kyle, S. Lockwood, and K. R. Mulligan (Texas Tech University) as well as two anonymous reviewers for comments on an earlier manuscript draft. Funding: SMS was funded in part by a Water Conservation Research Fellowship, a Texas Tech University Dissertation Completion Fellowship, and The CH Foundation Doctoral Fellowship. NR 63 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0140-1963 EI 1095-922X J9 J ARID ENVIRON JI J. Arid. Environ. PD APR PY 2020 VL 175 AR 104096 DI 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2019.104096 PG 11 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KH0CS UT WOS:000510316600008 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Vetukuri, RR Masini, L McDougal, R Panda, P de Zinger, L Brus-Szkalej, M Lankinen, A Grenville-Briggs, LJ AF Vetukuri, Ramesh R. Masini, Laura McDougal, Rebecca Panda, Preeti de Zinger, Levine Brus-Szkalej, Maja Lankinen, Asa Grenville-Briggs, Laura J. TI The presence of Phytophthora infestans in the rhizosphere of a wild Solanum species may contribute to off-season survival and pathogenicity SO APPLIED SOIL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Soil microbiome; Pythiales; Late blight; Biodiversity; Solanum dulcamara; Phylogeny; Overwintering ID MYCOPARASITE PYTHIUM-OLIGANDRUM; MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY; SOIL PATHOGENS; TRADE-OFFS; PLANT; GENE; ROOT; DIVERSITY; NIGRUM; LIFE AB We evaluated oomycete presence and abundance in the rhizosphere of wild perennial Solarium species to investigate the presence of plant pathogenic or mycoparasitic species. Furthermore, we investigated whether these plant species could function as hosts, or associated plants, for off-season survival of economically important pathogens. We collected soil samples in Sweden from Solarium dulcamara and as a control from Vitis vinifera over all four seasons of a year, and in New Zealand from Solarium nigrum and Solarium laciniatum in the summer. Species identification, confirmed by ITS and Cox2 sequencing, and root infection assays on the crop plant Solarium tuberosum and on S. dulcamara, suggested the presence of mainly Pythiales species. In Sweden, we also found evidence for the presence of Phytophthora infestans, the causal agent of potato late blight, in the rhizosphere of S. dulcamara. These Ph. infestans isolates had no negative effects on root growth of S. dulcamara in Sweden, but were more pathogenic on potato leaves than a common lab strain. Oomycete diversity measures indicated a high similarly between seasons and countries. In conclusion, our study suggests a previously unknown overwintering strategy for the pathogen Ph. infestans, indicating a possible influence of the wild species S. dulcamara on the epidemiology of potato late blight in Sweden. C1 [Vetukuri, Ramesh R.] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Plant Breeding, POB 101, S-23053 Alnarp, Sweden. [Masini, Laura; de Zinger, Levine; Brus-Szkalej, Maja; Lankinen, Asa; Grenville-Briggs, Laura J.] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Plant Protect Biol, S-23053 Alnarp, Sweden. [McDougal, Rebecca; Panda, Preeti] New Zealand Forest Res Inst, Scion, 49 Sala St, Rotorua, New Zealand. [Masini, Laura] British Amer Tobacco, Plant Biotechnol Div, 210 Cambridge Sci Pk, Cambridge CB4 OWA, England. [de Zinger, Levine] Inst Sugar Beet Res, POB 20, NL-4670 AA Dinteloord, Netherlands. RP Vetukuri, RR (reprint author), Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Plant Breeding, POB 101, S-23053 Alnarp, Sweden. EM Ramesh.Vetukuri@slu.se OI Panda, Preeti/0000-0003-4767-2763 FU Carl Tryggers Foundation for Scientific Research; Crafoord Foundation of Sweden; CF Lundstrom Foundation; Swedish Research Council for Environment, Agricultural Sciences and Spatial Planning, FormasSwedish Research Council Formas; Swedish Foundation for Strategic ResearchSwedish Foundation for Strategic Research [FFL5]; New Zealand Ministry of Business Innovation and Employment (MBIE) through CRI Core-funding FX This work was supported by funding from the Carl Tryggers Foundation for Scientific Research, The Crafoord Foundation of Sweden, The CF Lundstrom Foundation, The Swedish Research Council for Environment, Agricultural Sciences and Spatial Planning, Formas, The Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research (Future Research Leaders Grant FFL5 to LGB), and The New Zealand Ministry of Business Innovation and Employment (MBIE) through CRI Core-funding. NR 67 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0929-1393 EI 1873-0272 J9 APPL SOIL ECOL JI Appl. Soil Ecol. PD APR PY 2020 VL 148 AR UNSP 103475 DI 10.1016/j.apsoil.2019.103475 PG 11 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA KE8VH UT WOS:000508826300001 OA Other Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Gonzalez, ML Sturm, ME Lerena, MC Rojo, MC Chimeno, SV Combina, M Mercado, LA AF Lucia Gonzalez, Magali Elena Sturm, Maria Cecilia Lerena, Maria Cecilia Rojo, Maria Valeria Chimeno, Selva Combina, Mariana Analia Mercado, Laura TI Persistence and reservoirs of Saccharomyces cerevisiae biodiversity in different vineyard niches SO FOOD MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID YEAST STRAINS; GRAPE BERRIES; WINE YEAST; POPULATIONS; DIVERSITY; MENDOZA; FERMENTATION; MALBEC; EVOLUTION; SURVIVAL C1 [Lucia Gonzalez, Magali; Cecilia Lerena, Maria; Cecilia Rojo, Maria; Combina, Mariana] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, Av Rivadavia 1917,C1033AAJ, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Elena Sturm, Maria; Valeria Chimeno, Selva; Combina, Mariana; Analia Mercado, Laura] Inst Natl Tecnol Agr EEAMza INTA, Estn Expt Agr Mendoza, Lab Microbiol, San Martin 3853, RA-5507 Mendoza, Argentina. RP Mercado, LA (reprint author), Inst Natl Tecnol Agr EEA Mza INTA, Estn Expt Agr Mendoza, San Martin 3853, RA-5507 Mendoza, Argentina. EM mercado.laura@inta.gob.ar FU Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria (INTA) [PNAIyAV 1130044]; Agencia Nacional de Promocion Cientifica y TecnologicaANPCyT [PICT-O 2018-0108]; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET)Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET) FX This work was supported by Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria (INTA) PNAIyAV 1130044 and Agencia Nacional de Promocion Cientifica y Tecnologica, project PICT-O 2018-0108. M.L.G. was awarded with a PhD fellowship from Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET). NR 71 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 52 U2 52 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0740-0020 EI 1095-9998 J9 FOOD MICROBIOL JI Food Microbiol. PD APR PY 2020 VL 86 AR UNSP 103328 DI 10.1016/j.fm.2019.103328 PG 12 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology; Microbiology GA JK8TP UT WOS:000495113100023 PM 31703883 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Azzouz, L Jack, A AF Azzouz, Labib Jack, Anson TI Benchmarking the sustainability reporting of high-speed railways (HSRs): Towards a state-of-the-art benchmarking and reporting framework for HSRs SO JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION LA English DT Article DE Sustainability framework; Corporate social responsibility; Communicating sustainability; Sustainability reporting; Railway indicators; HSR performance ID CORPORATE SUSTAINABILITY; IMPACT; CHINA; EMISSIONS; AIRLINES; TOURISM; QUALITY; CSR AB High-speed railways (HSR) operators communicate their economic, social, and environmental performance through annual and sustainability reports. There is no one unified sustainability reporting framework that combines HSR issues together under the three pillars of sustainability's cover. Also, no previous studies have specifically examined sustainability reporting practices of HSR operators. This paper has two objectives; to select and validate social, economic, and environmental factors that are representative of the sustainable performance of HSRs, and to examine the availability of these factors in HSR operators' reports. After being selected, all factors are validated through consultation with experts of the International Union of Railways (UIC). Having validated the 26 selected factors, the author searched for evidence of these factors in 15 documents of ten remarkable HSR companies, and a rating scale is created to document the richness of each factor. Results are presented on different levels; sustainability pillars; sustainability factors; HSRs companies; and, type of indicators. Findings showed that around 34 per cent, 53 per cent and 48 per cent of the selected environmental, social and economic factors respectively are not covered in reporting practices. Some factors such as energy consumption, CO2 emissions, cost, and safety have a good representation in reports; however, reporting on these factors could be remarkably improved. In contrast, biodiversity, land use, and affordability are less popular, with inadequate reporting performance. European HSRs operators show a higher reporting performance compared to other operators. Finally, qualitative indicators are dominant compared to quantitative indicators. Another key finding is that revealed reporting variations show there is no standard set of factors that HSR companies report on today, and further, that even on the factors where there is a high level of reporting, there are standardization and normalizations issues. This research reveals areas of potential reporting improvements, plus suggesting some related indicators. Also, this study highlights the potential for the development of a common framework for HSR sustainability reporting. This framework could include currently used parameters besides new indicators to express the 26 sustainability factors. Such a framework will facilitate and ease international benchmarking exercises among HSR operators. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Azzouz, Labib; Jack, Anson] Univ Birmingham, Birmingham Ctr Railway Res & Educ, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. RP Azzouz, L (reprint author), Univ Birmingham, Birmingham Ctr Railway Res & Educ, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. EM lxa513@student.bham.ac.uk; a.c.r.jack@bham.ac.uk FU University of Birmingham's Postgraduate Research Scholarship (2016-2019), Birmingham, United Kingdom; Council for At-Risk Academics' Grant (2016-2019), London, United Kingdom FX This paper follows from a PhD project at the University of Birmingham, examining the possibility of building HSR sustainability reporting and benchmarking framework. The project includes several stages of which this paper is a part. Other stages will look at the development of key performance indicators to measure and report on sustainability factors that are poorly represented in current reporting practices. The project is funded by the University of Birmingham's Postgraduate Research Scholarship (2016-2019), Birmingham, United Kingdom; the Council for At-Risk Academics' Grant (2016-2019), London, United Kingdom. NR 112 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0959-6526 EI 1879-1786 J9 J CLEAN PROD JI J. Clean Prod. PD MAR 20 PY 2020 VL 250 AR 119505 DI 10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.119505 PG 20 WC Green & Sustainable Science & Technology; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KE8WO UT WOS:000508829800015 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Song, SS Zhang, C Gao, Y Zhu, XY Wang, RH Wang, MD Zheng, YL Hou, LJ Liu, M Wu, DM AF Song, Shanshan Zhang, Chao Gao, Yue Zhu, Xingyu Wang, Ruhai Wang, Mengdi Zheng, Yanling Hou, Lijun Liu, Min Wu, Dianming TI Responses of wetland soil bacterial community and edaphic factors to two-year experimental warming and Spartina alterniflora invasion in Chongming Island SO JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION LA English DT Article DE Soil bacterial community; Experimental warming; Open-top chamber; Plant invasion; Soil total nitrogen ID PHRAGMITES-AUSTRALIS; MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES; NITROGEN-FERTILIZATION; COASTAL WETLAND; ORGANIC-CARBON; GEN. NOV.; TEMPERATURE; RESPIRATION; DIVERSITY; GROWTH AB Climate warming and plant invasions are among the most serious threads to biodiversity and stability in terrestrial ecosystems. A particular challenge is to predict how soil microbial communities and edaphic factors will change under future conditions. Despite evidence that soil microbial community structure can be shifted by experimental warming and plant invasion, few studies were conducted to quantify the interactive effect of both factors. Here, we compared soil microbial diversity, bacterial community, and soil physiochemical properties in both surface (0-5 cm) and subsurface (5-20 cm) soils of two-year open-top chambers (OTCs) warming and Spartina alterniflora (S. alterniflora) invasion treatments with no warming and Phragmites australis (P. australis) treatments. Results showed that surface soil water content, total organic carbon, total nitrogen (TN), and the ratio of TN to total phosphorous (N:P) were significantly decreased by experimental warming, while pH was significantly enhanced. Soil TN was significantly enhanced in the mixed community of P. australis and S. alterniflora compared with single species community. Soil TP was gradually decreased with the proportion of S. alterniflora increasing by experimental warming. Soil bacterial alpha diversity was not changed by either experimental warming or S. alterniflora invasion. Experimental warming significantly shifted soil bacterial community, whereas S. alterniflora invasion and their interaction showed no impact. Redundancy analysis showed soil bacterial community structure was highly correlated with soil edaphic factors (i.e. pH, TN, and NH4+-N). Prediction of microbial function profiles revealed that several bacterial functions, especially carbon and nitrogen metabolism pathways, were adjusted to tolerate warming. Overall, our results demonstrated that experimental warming significantly altered soil bacterial community and physiochemical properties of S. alterniflora and P. australis communities, and should be considered in ecologically sustainable development of Chongming Island and wetland ecosystem. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Song, Shanshan; Zhang, Chao; Gao, Yue; Zhu, Xingyu; Wang, Mengdi; Zheng, Yanling; Liu, Min; Wu, Dianming] East China Normal Univ, Sch Geog Sci, Key Lab Geog Informat Sci, Minist Educ, Shanghai 200241, Peoples R China. [Song, Shanshan; Zhang, Chao; Gao, Yue; Zhu, Xingyu; Wang, Mengdi; Zheng, Yanling; Liu, Min; Wu, Dianming] Inst Ecochongming IEC, Shanghai 202162, Peoples R China. [Wang, Ruhai] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Soil Sci, State Key Lab Soil & Sustainable Agr, Nanjing 210008, Peoples R China. [Hou, Lijun] East China Normal Univ, State Key Lab Estuarine & Coastal Res, Shanghai 200241, Peoples R China. RP Wu, DM (reprint author), East China Normal Univ, Sch Geog Sci, Key Lab Geog Informat Sci, Minist Educ, Shanghai 200241, Peoples R China. EM dmwu@geo.ecnu.edu.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [41807449, 41761144062, 31500392, 31800411, 41730646]; Shanghai Pujiang ProgramShanghai Pujiang Program [18PJ1403500]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central UniversitiesFundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities FX This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (41807449, 41761144062, 31500392, 31800411 and 41730646), Shanghai Pujiang Program (18PJ1403500), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities. NR 89 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0959-6526 EI 1879-1786 J9 J CLEAN PROD JI J. Clean Prod. PD MAR 20 PY 2020 VL 250 AR 119502 DI 10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.119502 PG 14 WC Green & Sustainable Science & Technology; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KE8WO UT WOS:000508829800082 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Parma, L Pelusio, NF Gisbert, E Esteban, MA D'Amico, F Soverini, M Candela, M Dondi, F Gatta, PP Bonaldo, A AF Parma, Luca Pelusio, Nicole Francesca Gisbert, Enric Angeles Esteban, Maria D'Amico, Federica Soverini, Matteo Candela, Marco Dondi, Francesco Gatta, Pier Paolo Bonaldo, Alessio TI Effects of rearing density on growth, digestive conditions, welfare indicators and gut bacterial community of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata, L. 1758) fed different fishmeal and fish oil dietary levels SO AQUACULTURE LA English DT Article DE Gilthead Sea bream; Rearing density; Fishmeal and fish oil replacement; Digestive enzyme; Humoral immunity on skin mucus; Gut bacterial community ID NONSPECIFIC IMMUNE PARAMETERS; HIGH STOCKING DENSITY; SKIN MUCUS; INTESTINAL MICROBIOTA; FOOD-DEPRIVATION; STRESS PATHWAYS; SEABREAM; ENZYMES; DIVERSITY; METABOLISM AB In Mediterranean aquaculture, significant advances have been made towards a reduction of marine-derived ingredients in aquafeed formulation, as well as in defining the effect on how environmental factors such as rearing density interact with fish health. Little research, however, has examined the interaction between rearing density and dietary composition on main key performance indicators, physiological processes and gut bacterial community. A study was undertaken, therefore to assess growth response, digestive enzyme activity, humoral immunity on skin mucus, plasma biochemistry and gut microbiota of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata, L. 1758) reared at high (HD, 36-44 kg m(-3)) and low (LD, 12-15 kg m(-3)) final stocking densities and fed high (FM30/FO15, 30% fishmeal FM, 15% fish oil, FO) and low (FM10/FO3; 10% FM and 3% FO) FM and FO levels. Isonitrogenous and isolipidic extruded diets were fed to triplicate fish groups (initial weight 96.2 g) to overfeeding over 98 days. The densities tested had no major effects on overall growth and feed efficiency of sea bream reared at high or low FM and FO dietary level. However, HD seems to reduce feed intake compared to LD mainly in fish fed FM30/F015. Results of digestive enzyme activity indicated a comparable digestive efficiency among rearing densities and within each dietary treatment even if intestinal brush border enzymes appeared to be more influenced by stocking density compared to gastric and pancreatic enzymes. Plasma parameters related to nutritional and physiological conditions were not affected by rearing densities under both nutritional conditions a similar observation was also achieved through the study of lysozyme, protease, antiprotease and total protein determination in skin mucus, however; in this case lysozyme was slightly reduced at HD. For the first time on this species, the effect of rearing density on gut bacterial community was studied. Different response in relation to dietary treatment under HD and LD were detected. Low FM-FO diet maintained steady the biodiversity of the gut bacterial community between LD and HD conditions while fish fed high FM-FO level showed a reduced biodiversity at HD. According to the results, it seems feasible to rear gilthead sea bream at the on-growing phase at a density up to 36-44 kg m(-3) with low or high FM-FO diet without negatively affecting growth, feed efficiency, welfare condition and gut bacterial community. C1 [Parma, Luca; Pelusio, Nicole Francesca; Dondi, Francesco; Gatta, Pier Paolo; Bonaldo, Alessio] Univ Bologna, Dept Vet Med Sci, Via Tolara 50, I-40064 Ozzano Dell Emilia, Italy. [Gisbert, Enric] IRTA St Carles de la Rapita, Programa Aquicultura, Crta Poble Nou Km 5-5, St Carles De La Rapita 43540, Spain. [Angeles Esteban, Maria] Univ Murcia, Fac Biol, Dept Cell Biol & Histol, Campus Reg Excelencia Int Campus Mare Nostrum, E-30100 Murcia, Spain. [D'Amico, Federica; Soverini, Matteo; Candela, Marco] Univ Bologna, Dept Pharm & Biotechnol, Unit Microbial Ecol Hlth, Via Belmeloro 6, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. RP Parma, L (reprint author), Univ Bologna, Dept Vet Med Sci, Via Tolara 50, I-40064 Ozzano Dell Emilia, Italy. EM luca.parma@unibo.it FU European UnionEuropean Union (EU) [727315]; project ADIPOQUIZ - Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades (Spain) [RTI2018-095653-R-I00] FX This research was undertaken under the MedAID (Mediterranean Aquaculture Integrated Development) project, which has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme, Call H2020-SFS-23-2016, Grant agreement no 727315 (http://www.medaid-h2020.eu/).Analyses of digestive enzymes conducted at IRTA were partially supported by the project ADIPOQUIZ (RTI2018-095653-R-I00) funded by the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades (Spain). The authors would like to thank Gillian Forlivesi Heywood for English language editing and Stefano Porcelli for the technical contribution in fish rearing and laboratory analysis. NR 82 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0044-8486 EI 1873-5622 J9 AQUACULTURE JI Aquaculture PD MAR 15 PY 2020 VL 518 AR UNSP 724854 DI 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2019.734854 PG 13 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA KH1RX UT WOS:000510424900065 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Osorio-Garcia, AM Paz, L Howland, F Ortega, LA Acosta-Alba, I Arenas, L Chirinda, N Martinez-Baron, D Findji, OB Loboguerrero, AM Chia, E Andrieu, N AF Osorio-Garcia, A. M. Paz, L. Howland, F. Ortega, L. A. Acosta-Alba, I. Arenas, L. Chirinda, N. Martinez-Baron, D. Bonilla Findji, O. Loboguerrero, A. M. Chia, E. Andrieu, N. TI Can an innovation platform support a local process of climate-smart agriculture implementation? A case study in Cauca, Colombia SO AGROECOLOGY AND SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Adoption; climate change; Latin America; participatory process; climate-smart practices ID ADAPTATION; COMMUNITY; SYSTEMS; NETWORKS; IMPACTS; FARM; SUSTAINABILITY; VARIABILITY; PERCEPTIONS; PERSPECTIVE AB The main purpose of this work was analyzing how an innovation platform can foster and provide a basis for multi-actor collaboration in order to enable climate-smart agriculture (CSA) implementation at the local level. Using a mix of social (interactions between stakeholders, knowledge changes, adoption of practices) and technical indicators (income, fulfillment of caloric requirements of the household, farm resource use, planned biodiversity or greenhouse gas emission changes), we monitored the collaboration between an NGO, local civil authorities, associations, and farmers that aimed to achieve a common goal linked to the participatory and contextualized development of CSA in Colombia. We found that multiple stakeholder engagements led to improved interactions between members of the platform and their local environment, a proactive participation in the platform meetings and a significant increase in farmer knowledge levels on the challenges posed by climate change and the resultant extreme events. The platform also facilitated the adoption of best-bet practices that contribute towards CSA when farmers both diversify their production and decrease the use of mineral fertilizers. Our findings suggest that innovation platforms can facilitate the collective understanding and use of CSA options corresponding to local conditions and priorities. C1 [Osorio-Garcia, A. M.; Howland, F.; Arenas, L.; Chirinda, N.] Int Ctr Trop Agr CIAT, Decis & Policy Anal, Cali, Colombia. [Paz, L.; Ortega, L. A.] Ecohabitats Fdn, Popayan, Colombia. [Acosta-Alba, I.] French Agr Res Ctr Int Dev CIRAD, UMR Innovat, Montpellier 5, France. [Martinez-Baron, D.; Bonilla Findji, O.; Loboguerrero, A. M.] CGIAR Res Program Climate Change Agr & Food Secur, Int Ctr Trop Agr, Cali, Colombia. [Chia, E.] French Natl Inst Agr Res, UMR Innovat, Montpellier, France. [Andrieu, N.] Int Ctr Trop Agr CIAT, French Agr Res Ctr Int Dev CIRAD, UMR Innovat, Km 17 Recta Cali Palmira, Cali 6713, Colombia. RP Andrieu, N (reprint author), Int Ctr Trop Agr CIAT, French Agr Res Ctr Int Dev CIRAD, UMR Innovat, Km 17 Recta Cali Palmira, Cali 6713, Colombia. EM nadine.andrieu@cirad.fr FU Agropolis Fondation [1502-006]; FONTAGRO Program [FTG/RF-14837-RG, 80]; CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) FX This work was supported by the Agropolis Fondation [Contract #1502-006];FONTAGRO Program [FTG/RF-14837-RG. Contract #80];CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS). NR 92 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 11 U2 11 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 2168-3565 EI 2168-3573 J9 AGROECOL SUST FOOD JI Agroecol. Sustain. Food Syst. PD MAR 15 PY 2020 VL 44 IS 3 BP 378 EP 411 DI 10.1080/21683565.2019.1629373 PG 34 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Green & Sustainable Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA KC0ZZ UT WOS:000506918200001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU da Silva, PG Bogoni, JA Heino, J AF da Silva, Pedro Giovani Bogoni, Juliano Andre Heino, Jani TI Can taxonomic and functional metrics explain variation in the ecological uniqueness of ecologically-associated animal groups in a modified rainforest? SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Compositional singularity; Conservation; Functional uniqueness; LCBD; Management ID BRAZILIAN ATLANTIC FOREST; BETA-DIVERSITY; DUNG BEETLES; SITE CONTRIBUTIONS; SPECIES RICHNESS; BIODIVERSITY; COMMUNITY; EXTINCTION; RESTORATION; FRAMEWORK AB The conservation of biodiversity requires adequate information about species and ecosystem attributes. The local contribution to beta-diversity (LCBD) is a community composition-based metric of ecological uniqueness of sites. Here, we tested the capability of taxonomic and functional attributes of biological communities to explain variation in LCBD at a large spatial extent. We approached this idea using data on dung beetles and mammals (medium-to-large, small and volant) recorded across the Atlantic Forest of South America due to their millennial-scale evolutionary relationship (food providers and consumers). We related LCBD values to both taxonomic and functional metrics via beta regression. Our results revealed that taxonomic and functional features of assemblages can be used to predict variation in ecological uniqueness (LCBD). High LCBD values were associated with low species and functional richness for all animal groups. For dung beetles, high LCBD values were associated with low values of all functional metrics. For mammalian groups high ecological uniqueness was associated with low abundance, low Rao's quadratic entropy, as well as high functional divergence, functional evenness, functional originality, and either low or high functional specialization. This implies that variation in ecological uniqueness can be explained by functional features at large spatial extents, although the type of functional metrics' response of assemblages may be animal group specific. The potential of the LCBD metric to inform about both taxonomic and functional changes at large scales makes its use in conservation planning a highly promising approach. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [da Silva, Pedro Giovani] Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Conservacao & Manejo Vida Silvestre, Programa Posgrad Ecol, BR-31270910 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. [Bogoni, Juliano Andre] Univ Sao Paulo, Escola Super Agri Luiz de Queiroz, Lab Ecol Manejo & Conservacao Fauna Silvestre LEM, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. [Heino, Jani] Finnish Environm Inst, Freshwater Ctr, Oulu, Finland. RP da Silva, PG (reprint author), Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Conservacao & Manejo Vida Silvestre, Programa Posgrad Ecol, BR-31270910 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. EM pgdasilva@ufmg.br RI da Silva, Pedro Giovani/F-7605-2014 OI da Silva, Pedro Giovani/0000-0002-0702-9186 FU Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel SuperiorCAPES [88882.316025/2019-01, 001]; Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP)Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) [2018-05970-1] FX We sincerely thank all researchers who obtained and organized the datasets used in this study. We also thank the reviewers and the associate editor for their valuable contributions to our paper. PGdS is supported by a postdoctoral fellowship grant (Process 88882.316025/2019-01, Code 001, Programa Nacional de Pos-Doutorado), Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior. JAB is supported by a postdoctoral fellowship grant (2018-05970-1), Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP). NR 96 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 18 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD MAR 15 PY 2020 VL 708 AR 135171 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135171 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KB0TV UT WOS:000506214900014 PM 31796285 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Naeem, M Huang, JX Zhang, SW Luo, SD Liu, YJ Zhang, H Luo, QH Zhou, ZY Ding, GL An, JD AF Naeem, Muhammad Huang, Jiaxing Zhang, Shiwen Luo, Shudong Liu, Yanjie Zhang, Hong Luo, Qihua Zhou, Zhiyong Ding, Guiling An, Jiandong TI Diagnostic indicators of wild pollinators for biodiversity monitoring in long-term conservation SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Bumblebees; China; Biogeographic regions; Ward's agglomerative cluster analysis; Canonical correspondence analysis; Variation partition ID FUTURE CLIMATE; BUMBLEBEES; REGIONS; CHINA; VULNERABILITY; DIVERSITY; FRAMEWORK; TURNOVER; APIDAE AB For the conservation of wild pollinators, instead of surveying the whole community, one or more indicator species can be used as monitoring targets for long-term conservation. China, the richest country in terms of bumblebee species with 125 species, was selected here to investigate the indicator species of the different biogeographic regions of bumblebees. Four principal biogeographic regions of bumblebee species, i.e., South China, North-Northeast China (North China), the Mongolian Plateau and surrounding mountains (Mongolian Plateau) and the Tibetan Plateau and surrounding mountains (Tibetan Plateau), were revealed by Ward's agglomerative cluster analysis. The role of climatic factors in defining the biogeographic regions was found to be greater than those of topographical factors and their joint effects. We found that 14, 13, 12 and 12 species were associated with the regions of South China, North China, the Mongolian Plateau and the Tibetan Plateau, respectively. In addition, among these species, seven (Bombus atripes, B. bicoloratus, B. breviceps, B. eximius, B. flavescens, B. montivagus and B. trifasciatus), five (B. deuteronymus, B. patagiatus, B. pseudobaicalensis, B. tricomis and B. ussurensis), ten (B. armeniacus, B. confusus, B. cryptarum, B. cullumanus, B. hortorum, B. muscorum, B. ruderarius, B. soroeensis, B. subterraneus and B. terrestris) and four species (B. kashmirensis, B. personatus, B. rufofasciatus and B. waltoni) were identified as important indicator species for South China, North China, the Mongolian Plateau and the Tibetan Plateau, respectively. Furthermore, we identified specific areas for targeted bumblebee diversity monitoring in each region. This study highlights the bioregionalization and the identification of indicator species of bumblebee pollinators for long-term monitoring in conservation. (C) 2019 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Naeem, Muhammad; Huang, Jiaxing; Luo, Shudong; Liu, Yanjie; Zhang, Hong; Luo, Qihua; Zhou, Zhiyong; Ding, Guiling; An, Jiandong] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Apicultural Res, Minist Agr & Rural Affairs, Key Lab Insect Pollinator Biol, Beijing 100093, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Shiwen] Gansu Inst Apicultural Res, Tianshui 741022, Gansu, Peoples R China. [Luo, Qihua; Zhou, Zhiyong] Miyun Dist Bur Landscape & Forestry, Beijing 101500, Peoples R China. RP An, JD (reprint author), Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Apicultural Res, 1 Beigou, Beijing 100093, Peoples R China. EM anjiandong@caas.cn OI An, Jiandong/0000-0002-4203-4554 FU Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [31672500, U1603108]; Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program [CAAS-ASTIP-2015-IAR]; Special Program for Basic Resources of Science and Technology [2018FY100404] FX We are very thankful to Paul H. Williams for his help in identifying the bumblebees and to Yu Zou and Yumei Zhang for sequencing COI barcodes for the difficult species in this study. We are also very grateful to the following colleagues of the Bumblebees of China Initiative for help in surveying bumblebees from 2002-2019: Youquan Shao, Zhanbao Guo, Yuemin Tong, Haiyan Shi, Yazhou Zhao, Wenfeng Chen, Haoran Qin, Longlong Xu, Jie Dong, Mingming Wang, Xiuli Liao, Lijiao Gao, Ping Liu, Xiaolong Yuan, Zhengying Miao, Aiping Han, Wenzhong Qi, Guiqian Zhang, Jing-ping Xi, Guowei Zhao, Shouli Liu, Shisheng Cao, Fangzhi Han, Leng Han, Shidong Liu, Biao Wang, Zhongqiao Chu, Yaning Zhang, Xinyu Liu, Wenfeng Wang, Nuo Zha, Zhaohui Pan, Yuexiong Luo, Chen Liang, Yiheng Qin, Liping Yao, Zongwen Hu, Deqin Zong, Huanxian Lu, Hongmu Zhao, Xuewen Zhang, Guojun Zhu, Jun Guo, Wenhua Luo, Duansheng Wang, Xinjiang Xu, Fuchao Gao, Dali Zhang, Li Zheng, Zhongyin Zhang, Jiamin Qin, Qun Luo, Youping Yang, Fanggui Xi, Dongxu Zhao, Jianrong Dai, Zhiyong Zhao, Tianbing Wang, Chunling He and Ting Ji. This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China (31672500, U1603108), the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program (CAAS-ASTIP-2015-IAR) and the Special Program for Basic Resources of Science and Technology (2018FY100404). NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD MAR 15 PY 2020 VL 708 AR 135231 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135231 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KB0TV UT WOS:000506214900020 PM 31780153 OA Other Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Shi, XJ Liu, G Zhang, MY Zhao, JB Li, HJ Yang, ZC Bai, HW Liang, P Lu, Y AF Shi, Xiao Jie Liu, Gang Zhang, Mengyu Zhao, Jinbo Li, Huijun Yang, Zichao Bai, Huiwen Liang, Pu Lu, Yun TI Membrane-sensitive bacterial DNA extractions and absolute quantitation of recovery efficiencies SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE DNA extraction; Membrane filtration; Recovery efficiency; Digital PCR ID REAL-TIME PCR; ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157; WATERBORNE PATHOGENS; WASTE-WATER; QUANTIFICATION; BIODIVERSITY; SALMONELLA; INDICATORS; REMOVAL AB Absolute quantification of waterborne pathogens is mandatory for microbiological risk assessment (MRA). Determination of the DNA recovery efficiency is an essential step before the quantitative molecular measurements, which has been largely ignored. In this study, we compared the DNA recovery efficiency and quality of five extraction methods, including two modified phenol-chloroform-based extractions with mechanical shearing and three commercial kits for the extraction of DNA from indigenous mixed-bacteria culture of river water. All of the methods gave relatively satisfying results from the pelleted sample through centrifugation. However, the commercial kits provided surprisingly low DNA yields for membrane-filtered samples because of DNA trapping and/or absorption on the membrane. Integrating with enzymatic lysis, bath sonication, phenol extraction, and alcohol precipitation achieved highest DNA yields and an acceptable DNA integrity for quantitative PCR. A plasmid containing the human GADPH gene fragment was demonstrated to be a suitable spiking control for determining the absolute DNA recovery efficiency. The unexpectedly low efficiencies of commercial kit extractions imply the significant underestimation of pathogenic bacteria in previous studies, which should gain enough concern in the area of pathogen monitoring in the future. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Shi, Xiao Jie; Liu, Gang; Zhang, Mengyu; Li, Huijun; Lu, Yun] Tsinghua Univ, Sch Environm, State Key Joint Lab Environm Simulat & Pollut Con, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Zhao, Jinbo] Beijing Normal Univ, Sch Environm, State Key Lab Water Environm Simulat, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Yang, Zichao; Bai, Huiwen; Liang, Pu] Beijing North Canal Management Div, Beijing, Peoples R China. RP Lu, Y (reprint author), Tsinghua Univ, Sch Environm, Room 724, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. EM luyun@tsinghua.edu.cn FU National Key R&D Program of China [2016YFC0401405]; Major Water Project of China [2017ZX07103]; National Key R&D Program of China for International Science & Innovation Cooperation Major Project between Governments [2016YFE0118800] FX This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2016YFC0401405), the Major Water Project of China (No. 2017ZX07103), and the National Key R&D Program of China for International Science & Innovation Cooperation Major Project between Governments (2016YFE0118800). NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD MAR 15 PY 2020 VL 708 AR 135125 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135125 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KB0TV UT WOS:000506214900135 PM 31812430 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU van Treeck, R Van Wichelen, J Wolter, C AF van Treeck, Ruben Van Wichelen, Jeroen Wolter, Christian TI Fish species sensitivity classification for environmental impact assessment, conservation and restoration planning SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Fish mortality; resilience; European freshwater fishes; life-history traits; sensitivity classification ID LIFE-HISTORY STRATEGIES; STURGEON ACIPENSER-STURIO; FRESH-WATER BIODIVERSITY; COD GADUS-MORHUA; EXTINCTION RISK; MODELING FRAMEWORK; PERCA-FLUVIATILIS; POPULATION; RIVER; RECOVERY AB Species conservation, river rehabilitation, stock enhancement, environmental impact assessment and related planning tools require indicators to identify significant impacts but also mitigation success. Since river systems are shaped by disturbances from floods and droughts, typical riverine fish species should have evolved life history traits providing resilience against such disturbances. This study compiled and analyzed resilience traits of European lampreys and fish species to derive a novel sensitivity classification of species to mortality. We assembled life history traits like maximum length, migration type, mortality, fecundity, age at maturity, and generation time of 168 species and created a novel method to weigh and integrate all traits to generate a final sensitivity score from one (low sensitivity) to three (high sensitivity) for each species. Large-bodied, diadromous, rheophilic and lithophilic species such as sturgeons, sea trout, and Atlantic salmon usually appeared to have high sensitivity to additional adult fish mortality, whereas small-bodied, limnophilic and phytophilic species with fast generation cycles were of low sensitivity. The final scoring and classification of 168 European lampreys and fish species according to their sensitivity can be easily regionalized by selecting the most sensitive candidates according to the local species pool. This sensitivity classification has major implications for advancing impact assessment, allowing better targeting of species for conservation measures, benchmarking progress during rehabilitation and enhancing the objective evaluation of the success of restoration projects. (C) 2019 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [van Treeck, Ruben; Wolter, Christian] Leibniz Inst Freshwater Ecol & Inland Fisheries, Muggelseedamm 310, D-12587 Berlin, Germany. [Van Wichelen, Jeroen] Herman Teirlinckgebouw, Res Inst Nat & Forest, Havenlaan 88 Bus 73, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium. RP van Treeck, R (reprint author), Leibniz Inst Freshwater Ecol & Inland Fisheries, Muggelseedamm 310, D-12587 Berlin, Germany. EM van.treeck@igb-berlin.de; jeroen.vanwichelen@inbo.be; wolter@igb-berlin.de OI van Treeck, Ruben/0000-0002-2105-7490 FU European UnionEuropean Union (EU) [727830] FX We thank Lore Vandamme for helping to collect life history data, Dr. Jorg Freyhof for providing his invaluable expert knowledge on the autecology of species and Dr. Kate Laskowski for proofreading the manuscript. This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No. 727830 (FIThydro). NR 95 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD MAR 15 PY 2020 VL 708 AR 135173 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135173 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KB0TV UT WOS:000506214900038 PM 31796278 OA Other Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Comino, E Dominici, L Ambrogio, F Rosso, M AF Comino, Elena Dominici, Laura Ambrogio, Fabio Rosso, Maurizio TI Mini-hydro power plant for the improvement of urban water-energy nexus toward sustainability - A case study SO JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION LA English DT Article DE Urban ecology; Water management; Clean blue energy; Mini-hydro; Urban regeneration; Flood risk management ID DESIGN AB This practical paper presents a required reflection on paradigm shift toward an aware water management in urban context for the provision of renewable energy and for the enhancement of pre-industrial heritage. It investigates the transition toward systemic and ecological approach to face the complexity of urban environment and infrastructures for energy supply. The study investigates the sustainable energy framework in Piedmont Region and in the Municipality of Turin. Especially, it analyses opportunities provided by urban rivers and streams for installing mini-hydro power plants using historical unused infrastructures. The real case study presents the conversion of an historical check dam of Regio Parco canal in a mini-hydro power plant in the city of Turin (Piedmont Region, Italy), and it investigates the "land use-water-energy nexus" from an ecological perspective. The paper considers the 12 principles of infrastructure ecology in the urban water management to provide innovative solutions for blue-urban infrastructures that increase sustainability in cities. According to the urban ecological infrastructure, the project of mini-hydro power plant presents multi-functional features and this method can be replied in other similar contexts. Concerning technical solutions adopted for the mini-hydro power plant, it examines the potential of the green/blue infrastructure approach to integrate the flood risk management and the production of renewable energy. It analyses opportunities provided by low impact development to preserve freshwater ecosystems and to maintain biodiversity using inflatable dam, Kaplan turbine and fish ladder. The "Regio Parco" mini-hydro power plant is designed to provide energy for almost 600 households improving the environmental value and the usability of the area. The paper discusses the adoption of an ecological approach to design multiple functions blue infrastructure that can be implemented on other networks improving the urban landscape. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Comino, Elena; Dominici, Laura; Rosso, Maurizio] Politecn Torino, Dept Environm Land & Infrastruct Engn, Appl Ecol Res Grp, Turin, Italy. [Ambrogio, Fabio; Rosso, Maurizio] Studio Rosso Ingegneri Associati SRIA LLC, Turin, Italy. RP Dominici, L (reprint author), Politecn Torino, Dept Environm Land & Infrastruct Engn, Appl Ecol Res Grp, Turin, Italy. EM laura.dominici@polito.it NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 16 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0959-6526 EI 1879-1786 J9 J CLEAN PROD JI J. Clean Prod. PD MAR 10 PY 2020 VL 249 AR 119416 DI 10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.119416 PG 11 WC Green & Sustainable Science & Technology; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KD4SN UT WOS:000507856300102 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Liu, JY Dou, SQ Hmeimar, AE AF Liu Jiangyi Dou Shiquan Hmeimar, Abdellahi El Housseine TI Cost-effectiveness analysis of different types of payments for ecosystem services: A case in the urban wetland ecosystem SO JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION LA English DT Article DE Cost-effectiveness; Payments for ecosystem services; Collective; Intermediaries ID ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES; EMERGY ANALYSIS; LAND; CONSERVATION; BIODIVERSITY; PREFERENCES; INCENTIVES; EFFICIENCY; VALUATION; EQUITY AB Payments for Ecosystem Services (PES) have emerged as a popular conservation tool, yet evaluation among different PES programs strategies remains piecemeal. We prospectively compare cost-effectiveness of general PES, collective payments for ecosystem services (CPES) and the transition from PES to Land Purchases or Easements (LPE). We analyze the economic cost using statistics data and literature data, and analyze the transaction cost with the ordinal variable. We develop the Emergy Analysis method with the InVEST Habitat Quality model, and utilize it to analyze and map the ecological effectiveness. This paper gives an example to assessing the cost-effectiveness of different PES programs. Based on the analysis, LPE strategy led to improved ecological effectiveness, lower cost and greater cost-effectiveness. The collective PES has lower cost than general PES. However, they demonstrate equal ecological effectiveness. Based on these outcomes, we analyze the factors that influence PES programs' cost-effectiveness, including collective or group, market-based mechanism, economic incentive, transaction cost, contract scale etc. We conclude that minimal number of intermediaries, community/collective support and involvement constitute the key factors in improving the cost-effectiveness of ecological programs. However, we acknowledge the need for further studies on the subject. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Liu Jiangyi; Dou Shiquan] China Univ Geosci Wuhan, Res Ctr Resource & Environm Econ, Wuhan 430074, Peoples R China. [Liu Jiangyi; Dou Shiquan; Hmeimar, Abdellahi El Housseine] China Univ Geosci Wuhan, Sch Econ & Management, Wuhan 430074, Peoples R China. RP Dou, SQ (reprint author), China Univ Geosci Wuhan, Lumo Rd, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, Peoples R China. EM dsq1994@cug.edu.cn NR 58 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0959-6526 EI 1879-1786 J9 J CLEAN PROD JI J. Clean Prod. PD MAR 10 PY 2020 VL 249 AR 119325 DI 10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.119325 PG 13 WC Green & Sustainable Science & Technology; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KD4SN UT WOS:000507856300019 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Maity, S Chatterjee, A Guchhait, R De, S Pramanick, K AF Maity, Sukhendu Chatterjee, Ankit Guchhait, Rajkumar De, Sukanta Pramanick, Kousik TI Cytogenotoxic potential of a hazardous material, polystyrene microparticles on Allium cepa L. SO JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Polystyrene; Allium; Cytogenotoxicity; Mitotic index; Aberrations ID GENOTOXICITY ASSESSMENT; MICROPLASTIC PARTICLES; SILVER NANOPARTICLES; ROOT-CELLS; NANOPLASTICS; IMPACT; DEGRADATION; MICRONUCLEI; GENERATION; SEDIMENTS AB Plastic pollution represents a global concern for the biodiversity conservation, ecosystem and public health. The polystyrene is one of the dominant pollutants in both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystem. This work measured the hazardous nature of 100 nm micropolystyrene (MPS) using 25, 50, 100, 200, and 400 mg/L concentrations in terms of oxidative stress, morphotoxicity and cytogenotoxicity in Allium cepa. The results were compared with the positive control (PC) (400 mg/L chlorpyrifos). MPS significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the root length while induced the production of hydroxyl, superoxide radicals with a concomitant increase in DPPH scavenging activity and lipid peroxidation as compared to the negative control. The significant decrease in mitotic index with respect to the negative control (MI: 23.855 +/- 5.336 %; lowest MI: 3.88 +/- 1.042 %) showed the cytotoxic nature of MPS. Genotoxicity was assessed by various chromosomal and nuclear aberrations. The highest 3.029 +/- 0.403 % (PC: 3.09 +/- 0.535 %) chromosomal abnormality index and 2.31 +/- 0.338 % (PC: 1.178 +/- 0.095 %) nuclear abnormality index were observed. MPS down-regulated the expression of plant CDKA encoding gene: cdc2, an important cell cycle regulator. The overall results indicated that MPS could induce cytogenotoxicity through the exacerbation of ROS production and inhibition of cdc2. C1 [Maity, Sukhendu; Chatterjee, Ankit; Guchhait, Rajkumar; Pramanick, Kousik] Presidency Univ, Dept Life Sci, Integrat Biol Res Unit, Kolkata 700073, India. [De, Sukanta] Presidency Univ, Dept Phys, Kolkata 700073, India. RP Pramanick, K (reprint author), Presidency Univ, Dept Life Sci, Integrat Biol Res Unit, Kolkata 700073, India. EM kousik.dbs@presiuniv.ac.in OI De, Sukanta/0000-0001-6960-4556 FU FRPDF scheme of Presidency University, Govt of West Bengal FX This study was supported by FRPDF scheme (2017-2019) of Presidency University, Govt of West Bengal. NR 76 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 12 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3894 EI 1873-3336 J9 J HAZARD MATER JI J. Hazard. Mater. PD MAR 5 PY 2020 VL 385 AR 121560 DI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121560 PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KG0FY UT WOS:000509618300040 PM 31732349 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Zhang, FF Dahl, TW Lenton, TM Luo, GM Shen, SZ Algeo, TJ Planavsky, N Liu, JS Cui, Y Qie, WK Romaniello, SJ Anbar, AD AF Zhang, Feifei Dahl, Tais W. Lenton, Timothy M. Luo, Genming Shen, Shu-zhong Algeo, Thomas J. Planavsky, Noah Liu, Jiangsi Cui, Ying Qie, Wenkun Romaniello, Stephen J. Anbar, Ariel D. TI Extensive marine anoxia associated with the Late Devonian Hangenberg Crisis SO EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Devonian-Carboniferous; mass extinction; Hangenberg Crisis; marine anoxia; uranium isotopes; biogeochemical model ID URANIUM ISOTOPE FRACTIONATION; CARBONIFEROUS BOUNDARY; ENVIRONMENTAL-CHANGE; LAND PLANTS; EVOLUTION; U-238/U-235; EXTINCTION; PALEOREDOX; EVENT; U-234/U-238 AB The global Hangenberg Crisis near the Devonian-Carboniferous boundary (DCB) represents one of the major Phanerozoic mass extinction events, which shaped the roots of modern vertebrate biodiversity. Marine anoxia has been cited as the proximate kill mechanism for this event. However, the detailed timing, duration, and extent of global marine redox chemistry changes across this critical interval remain controversial because most of the studies to date only constrain changes in local or regional redox chemistry. Thus, opinions on the significance of anoxia as a kill mechanism are variable-from anoxia being a primary driver to being relatively unimportant. In this study, we explore the evolution of global marine redox chemistry using U isotopes of marine limestones. The delta U-238 trends at Long'an section in South China document systematic oscillations with three negative shifts punctuated by two positive events in between. The magnitude of the delta U-238 oscillations implies that the sediments do not record contemporaneous seawater with a constant offset at all times. The lack of covariation between delta U-238 data and diagenetic indicators (e.g., Mn and Sr contents, Mn/Sr ratio, delta O-18) suggests that the delta U-238 trends are not produced by the same post-depositional diagenetic processes. Instead, trace-metal enrichments suggest that more reducing conditions prevailed during the deposition of the two positive events. We present plausible model scenarios that fit the observed delta U-238 trends in the context of redox-sensitive trace metal data suggesting marine anoxia expanded in the latest Devonian oceans to cover >5% of the continental shelf seafloor area. The rapid expansion of marine anoxia coincident with the onset of the Hangenberg Crisis supports marine anoxia as an important kill mechanism. Biogeochemical modeling of the coupled C-P-U cycles suggests that intensified continental weathering, for example, assisted by the spread of seed plants with deeper root systems at this time, could have triggered expansion of marine anoxia and other global changes (e.g., positive excursion in delta C-13(carb) and decrease in sea surface temperature) in the latest Devonian. The anoxic event is inferred to have been transient as climatic cooling would have reduced weathering fluxes. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhang, Feifei; Shen, Shu-zhong] Nanjing Univ, Sch Earth Sci & Engn, 163 Xianlin Ave, Nanjing 210023, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Feifei; Dahl, Tais W.] Univ Copenhagen, Globe Inst, Copenhagen K, Denmark. [Zhang, Feifei; Planavsky, Noah] Yale Univ, Dept Geol & Geophys, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. [Lenton, Timothy M.] Univ Exeter, Global Syst Inst, Exeter EX4 4QE, Devon, England. [Luo, Genming; Algeo, Thomas J.; Liu, Jiangsi] China Univ Geosci, State Key Lab Biogeol & Environm Geol, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, Peoples R China. [Algeo, Thomas J.] China Univ Geosci, State Key Lab Geol Proc & Mineral Resources, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, Peoples R China. [Algeo, Thomas J.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Geol, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Cui, Ying] Montclair State Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Studies, Montclair, NJ 07043 USA. [Qie, Wenkun] Chinese Acad Sci, Nanjing Inst Geol & Palaeontol, State Key Lab Palaeobiol & Stratig, Nanjing 210008, Peoples R China. [Qie, Wenkun] Chinese Acad Sci, Ctr Excellence Life & Palaeoenvironm, Nanjing 210008, Peoples R China. [Romaniello, Stephen J.; Anbar, Ariel D.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Anbar, Ariel D.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Mol Sci, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. RP Zhang, FF (reprint author), Nanjing Univ, Sch Earth Sci & Engn, 163 Xianlin Ave, Nanjing 210023, Peoples R China. EM fzhang@nju.edu.cn OI Algeo, Thomas/0000-0002-3333-7035 FU National Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [41888101, 91955201]; Danish Council for Independent ResearchDet Frie Forskningsrad (DFF) [DFF 7014-00295]; Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDB26000000]; National Key R&D Project of China [2016YFA0601104]; Carlsberg FoundationCarlsberg Foundation [CF16-0876]; NERCNERC Natural Environment Research Council [NE/P013651, NE/N018508/1]; Packard FoundationThe David & Lucile Packard Foundation; Montclair State University; Strategic Priority Research Program (B)Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDB26000000, XDB18000000]; NASA Astrobiology ProgramNational Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA) [NNX13AJ71G]; NSF Frontiers in Earth System Dynamics program [EAR1338810] FX F.Z. acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation of China (Grant 91955201) and the Danish Council for Independent Research (No. DFF 7014-00295). G.L. was financially supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (grant XDB26000000) and National Key R&D Project of China (grant 2016YFA0601104).T.W.D. acknowledges support from the Carlsberg Foundation (grant number CF16-0876). S.Z.S.'s work is supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program (B) (XDB26000000, XDB18000000). T.M.L. was supported by NERC (NE/P013651 and NE/N018508/1). NJP acknowledges funding from the Packard Foundation. Y.C. is supported by internal grant from Montclair State University and the National Science Foundation of China (Grant 41888101). F.Z. and A.D.A. acknowledge funding from the NASA Astrobiology Program (award NNX13AJ71G) and the NSF Frontiers in Earth System Dynamics program (award EAR1338810). NR 56 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0012-821X EI 1385-013X J9 EARTH PLANET SC LETT JI Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. PD MAR 1 PY 2020 VL 533 AR 115976 DI 10.1016/j.epsl.2019.115976 PG 11 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA KH9CH UT WOS:000510946200001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Cowie, BW Byme, MJ Witkowski, ETF Strathie, LW Goodall, JM Venter, N AF Cowie, Blair W. Byme, Marcus J. Witkowski, Ed T. F. Strathie, Lorraine W. Goodall, Jeremy M. Venter, Nic TI Parthenium avoids drought: Understanding the morphological and physiological responses of the invasive herb Parthenium hysterophorus to progressive water stress SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Biological invasion; Drought response; Drought tolerance; Drought avoidance; Ecophysiology; Parthenium weed; Plant-water relations; Water-use efficiency; Weed physiology ID PLANT INVASION; CLIMATE-CHANGE; TOLERANCE; ASTERACEAE; L.; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; REPRODUCTION; DEFOLIATION; ALLOCATION; BIOLOGY AB Parthenium hysterophorus L. is a noxious annual invasive herb which threatens biodiversity, food security and human and animal health in various tropical and sub-tropical regions globally. Given that these regions, including South Africa, experience frequent drought events, it is important that the invasive potential of this weed be better understood in the context of water stress. This study aimed to assess the physiological and morphological responses of P. hysterophorus to water stress. To elicit these responses, juvenile and adult plants were progressively water stressed over a six-week period. Despite significant reductions in leaf water potential, relative leaf water content and stomatal conductance from severe soil water stress, plants maintained positive net photosynthesis, albeit at a severely reduced rate. Concomitantly, water-use efficiency of P. hysterophorus increased by more than 300 %. Morphologically, water-stressed plants exhibited reductions in leaf area and leaf number, with adults accelerating flower production when compared to well -watered plants. Linked to this, were alterations in biomass, with juveniles and adults reducing above-ground biomass by 75 % and 35 %, respectively. Overall, many of the physiological and morphological responses are indicative of a largely drought avoidance strategy, allowing P. hysterophorus to persist during periods of water-stress as leafy basal rosettes (juveniles) or as reproductive herbs (adults). This research yielded valuable insights into the underlying water relations of P. hysterophorus, and how these may relate to the potential spread, detriment and management of the weed in various sub-tropical environments. C1 [Cowie, Blair W.; Byme, Marcus J.; Witkowski, Ed T. F.; Goodall, Jeremy M.; Venter, Nic] Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Anim Plant & Environm Sci, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Cowie, Blair W.; Byme, Marcus J.] Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Anim Plant & Environm Sci, DST NRF Ctr Excellence Invas Biol, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Strathie, Lorraine W.; Goodall, Jeremy M.] Agr Res Council Plant Hlth & Protect, Private Bag X6006, ZA-3245 Hilton, South Africa. RP Cowie, BW (reprint author), Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Anim Plant & Environm Sci, Johannesburg, South Africa. EM blair.cowie.bc@gmail.com FU DST-NRF Centre of Excellence for Invasion BiologyDepartment of Science & Technology (India); Department of Environmental Affairs: Natural Resources Management Programme via the Agricultural Research Council -Plant Health and Protection; National Research Foundation of South Africa -Wits Innovation Block Funding; University of the Witwatersrand FX Financial support from the DST-NRF Centre of Excellence for Invasion Biology (C.I.B), the Department of Environmental Affairs: Natural Resources Management Programme via the Agricultural Research Council -Plant Health and Protection, the National Research Foundation of South Africa -Wits Innovation Block Funding as well as the University of the Witwatersrand, are all gratefully acknowledged. NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0098-8472 EI 1873-7307 J9 ENVIRON EXP BOT JI Environ. Exp. Bot. PD MAR PY 2020 VL 171 AR 103945 DI 10.1016/j.envexpbot.2019.103945 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KG7ER UT WOS:000510111700020 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Schrandt, MN MacDonald, TC AF Schrandt, Meagan N. MacDonald, Timothy C. TI Long-Term Stability of the Faunal Community of a Subtropical Estuary: Evaluating Disturbances in the Context of Interannual Variability SO ESTUARIES AND COASTS LA English DT Article DE Biodiversity; Disturbance; Fisheries; Monitoring; Resilience; Temporal variation ID FISH ASSEMBLAGE; SEASONAL-CHANGES; TAXONOMIC DISTINCTNESS; EL-NINO; ABUNDANCE; COASTAL; FLORIDA; BIODIVERSITY; DIVERSITY; LAGOON AB Estuarine and coastal marine ecosystems can have significant intra- and interannual variability in faunal community structure, complicating management response to disturbances as disturbance effects must be detectable within normal variability and on timescales relevant to management entities. We examined a long-term, multi-gear dataset on estuarine faunal (fish and select invertebrate) communities to determine if community structure changes due to disturbances could be detected on management-relevant timescales (e.g., years), given that these communities have known seasonal and interannual variability. Results from multivariate, community-based analyses, and several univariate diversity indices for fauna of Tampa Bay, Florida, USA suggested general community stability over the long term, with the exceptions of 2005-2006 (prolonged red tide event) and 2010 (extreme cold event in winter). Community structure was notably outside the typical variability for both time periods. In 2005, species richness decreased by half for one gear type and was the lowest on record for the other two gear types. In 2010, when the relative abundance of a top predator decreased by 50% from cold-related mortality, Simpson's diversity index was the lowest on record for one gear type. The red tide and extreme-cold events differed in duration and the number of taxa directly impacted (multispecies vs. single-species, respectively) but both multivariate and univariate analyses indicated significant deviation in the faunal community structure during these years. Within 1-3 years after these major events, however, the community seemed to have returned to a structure like that of previous years, suggesting long-term stability and resilience. Our results confirm that multivariate and univariate analyses can detect major disturbances to estuarine faunal communities, which gives management entities options for which analysis approach is appropriate for their needs. Since the Tampa Bay faunal communities recovered within 3 years, we suggest that where long-term monitoring exists, active restoration might be deferred while monitoring for signs of recovery following the removal of a perturbation. This is a fundamental part of sound adaptive management processes to promote sustainable ecosystems. C1 [Schrandt, Meagan N.; MacDonald, Timothy C.] Wildlife Res Inst, Fish, Florida Fish, Wildlife Conservat Commission, 100 Eighth Ave SE, Petersburg, FL 33701 USA. RP Schrandt, MN (reprint author), Wildlife Res Inst, Fish, Florida Fish, Wildlife Conservat Commission, 100 Eighth Ave SE, Petersburg, FL 33701 USA. EM Meagan.Schrandt@MyFWC.com NR 59 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA ONE NEW YORK PLAZA, SUITE 4600, NEW YORK, NY, UNITED STATES SN 1559-2723 EI 1559-2731 J9 ESTUAR COAST JI Estuaries Coasts PD MAR PY 2020 VL 43 IS 2 BP 347 EP 359 DI 10.1007/s12237-019-00684-1 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA KI7VX UT WOS:000511558500011 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Sedano-Cruz, R Castillo, A Gil-Vargas, DL AF Sedano-Cruz, Raul Castillo, Andres Lorena Gil-Vargas, Diana TI Molecular identification of Haemosporidia in avian endemics of Gorgona Island within a context for the eastern tropical Pacific region SO INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Haemosporidia; Island bird populations; Parasite-host; Gorgona Island; Malaria ID MALARIA PARASITES; BLOOD PARASITES; TURDUS-FUSCATER; GREAT THRUSH; PLASMODIUM; DIVERSITY; HAEMOPROTEUS; PATTERNS; LEUCOCYTOZOON; PREVALENCE AB Island bird populations and their obligate blood parasites are of interest for understanding the accumulation of biodiversity and the evolutionary relationship with their mainland congeners. We examined avian Haemosporidia cytochrome b gene among terrestrial birds on Gorgona Island National Park, Colombia. Three Haemoproteus haplotype groups found on Gorgona Island have a higher genetic similarity to Haemoproteus found in the eastern tropical Pacific than those documented in Africa, Asia, Europe and Oceania. Two of the haplotype groups on the island are generalists in terms of infecting multiple hosts and their wide geographical distribution within the eastern tropical Pacific region, a third Haemoproteus haplogroup appears endemic to Gorgona Island. The overall prevalence of haemosporidian parasites is 57,9% for birds on Gorgona island, which is higher than local reports of prevalence documented in other archipelagos or the mainland. The island population of Cyanerpes cyaneus gigas seems to be the most susceptible to Haemoproteus infection when compared to Thamnophilus atrinucha gorgonae and Coereba flaveola gorgonae. Our findings support an ubiquitous pattern of endemism among organisms including avian haemosporidian parasites on Gorgona Island and also highlight the potential exposure of island bird populations to avian malaria. C1 [Sedano-Cruz, Raul; Castillo, Andres; Lorena Gil-Vargas, Diana] Univ Valle, Dept Biol, Grp Ecol Anim, Calle 13,100-00,Edif E20,Off 3120, Cali, Colombia. [Sedano-Cruz, Raul; Lorena Gil-Vargas, Diana] Univ Valle, Dept Biol, Grp Invest Ecofisiol Evolut & Biogeog, Calle 13,100-00,Edif E20,Off 3120, Cali, Colombia. RP Sedano-Cruz, R (reprint author), Univ Valle, Dept Biol, Grp Ecol Anim, Calle 13,100-00,Edif E20,Off 3120, Cali, Colombia. EM raul.sedano@correounivalle.edu.co; andres.castillo.g@correounivalle.edu.co; diana.gil@correounivalle.edu.co OI Castillo, Andres/0000-0001-9006-6721 FU Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia FX The research was supported by Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia. NR 60 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1567-1348 EI 1567-7257 J9 INFECT GENET EVOL JI Infect. Genet. Evol. PD MAR PY 2020 VL 78 AR 104123 DI 10.1016/j.meegid.2019.104123 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA KH8CM UT WOS:000510876600032 PM 31751754 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Gauly, M Ammer, S AF Gauly, M. Ammer, S. TI Review: Challenges for dairy cow production systems arising from climate changes SO ANIMAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Symposium on Ruminant Physiology (ISRP) CY SEP 03-06, 2019 CL Leipzig, GERMANY DE climatic conditions; global warming; cattle; milk production; adaptation ID TEMPERATURE-HUMIDITY INDEX; EVAPORATIVE HEAT-LOSS; DRY-MATTER INTAKE; BODY-TEMPERATURE; REPRODUCTIVE-PERFORMANCE; MILK-PRODUCTION; HOLSTEIN COWS; HELMINTH INFECTIONS; SHORT-COMMUNICATION; COOLING MANAGEMENT AB The so-called global change refers to changes on a planetary scale. The term encompasses various issues like resource use, energy development, population growth, land use and land cover, carbon and nitrogen cycle, pollution and health, and climate change. The paper deals with challenges for dairy cattle production systems in Europe arising from climate change as one part of global changes. Global warming is increasing, and therefore ecosystems, plant and animal biodiversity, and food security and safety are at risk. It is already accepted knowledge that the direct and indirect effects of global warming in combination with an increasing frequency of weather extremes are a serious issue for livestock production, even in moderate climate zones like Central Europe. The potential and already-measurable effects of climate change (including increase in temperature, frequency of hot days and heat waves), in particular the challenges on grassland production, fodder quality, nutrition in general, cow welfare, health as well as performance of dairy production, will be reviewed. Indirect and direct effects on animals are correlated with their performance. There are clear indications that with selection for high-yielding animals the sensitivity to climate changes increases. Cumulative effects (e.g. higher temperature plus increased pathogen and their vectors loads) do strengthen these impacts. To cope with the consequences several possible adaptation and mitigation strategies must be established on different levels. This includes changes in the production systems (e.g. management, barn, feeding), breeding strategies and health management. C1 [Gauly, M.] Free Univ Bolzano, Fac Sci & Technol, Livestock Prod Syst, Univ Pl 5, I-39100 Bolzano, Italy. [Ammer, S.] Univ Gottingen, Dept Anim Sci, Div Livestock Prod Syst, Albrecht Thaer Weg 3, D-37075 Gottingen, Germany. RP Gauly, M (reprint author), Free Univ Bolzano, Fac Sci & Technol, Livestock Prod Syst, Univ Pl 5, I-39100 Bolzano, Italy. EM Matthias.Gauly@unibz.it NR 80 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 1751-7311 EI 1751-732X J9 ANIMAL JI Animal PD MAR PY 2020 VL 14 SU 1 SI SI BP S196 EP S203 AR PII S1751731119003239 DI 10.1017/S1751731119003239 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Veterinary Sciences SC Agriculture; Veterinary Sciences GA KI3IP UT WOS:000511242700019 PM 32024578 OA Bronze DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Burbano, DV Meredith, TC Mulrennan, ME AF Burbano, Diana V. Meredith, Thomas C. Mulrennan, Monica E. TI Exclusionary decision-making processes in marine governance: The rezoning plan for the protected areas of the 'iconic' Galapagos Islands, Ecuador SO OCEAN & COASTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE The Galapagos Islands; Marine protected areas; Stakeholder engagement; No-take zones; Exclusionary decision-making; Governance ID BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION; DANGEROUS TARGETS; MANAGEMENT; COMANAGEMENT; PEOPLE; ISSUES; PARTICIPATION; PERCEPTIONS; RESERVES; IMPACTS AB The number of marine protected areas (MPAs) has increased twenty-fold since 1993, and there are ambitious targets for further expansion set by international conservation agencies. This expansion has been accompanied by claims that only No-take MPAs (NTMPAs) can effectively ensure biodiversity conservation, and the international marine conservation community has become increasingly active and influential in promoting them. However, NTMPAs clearly have consequences for resource users whose livelihoods are impacted by restricted access to natural resources. Since these consequences can trigger social conflicts that impeded progress towards conservation goals, there have been concerted efforts to find collaborative and inclusive approaches to MPA planning and management. This paper assesses stakeholder engagement in decision-making processes related to marine conservation planning and management in the Galapagos Marine Reserve, and examines how these have been influenced by shifting narratives of biodiversity conservation in the lead up to, and the execution of, the 2016 rezoning process. A dramatic shift in the rezoning process, a top-down declaration of a no-take MPA, fostered social conflicts that have delayed the full-implementation of the new zoning plan even three years after its official declaration. Through a mixed-methods approach we contrast perceptions, expectations and experiences of key actors in three stakeholder groups: the small-scale fisheries sector, the scientific research community, and the conservation management sector. This study illustrates challenges associated with rushed conservation initiatives, promoted and supported by large external conservation NGOs, and it demonstrates how a "back to the barriers" approach to conservation can undermine acceptance of conservation practices and jeopardize the success of MPAs. C1 [Burbano, Diana V.; Meredith, Thomas C.] McGill Univ, Dept Geog, 705-805 Sherbrooke St West, Montreal, PQ H3A 0B9, Canada. [Mulrennan, Monica E.] Concordia Univ, Dept Geog Planning & Environm, 1455 De Maisonneuve Blvd W, Montreal, PQ H3G 1M8, Canada. RP Burbano, DV (reprint author), 5178 Ave Casgrain, Montreal, PQ H2T 1W7, Canada. EM diana.burbano@mail.mcgill.ca; tom.meredith@mcgill.ca; monica.mulrennan@concordia.ca FU Ecuadorian National Secretary of Higher Education, Science, Technology and Innovation (SENESCYT); McGill University: Grad Excellence Award [00288]; Neil Croll Award [00288]; Galapagos Science Center FX This work was supported by financial funding provided to the first author by the Ecuadorian National Secretary of Higher Education, Science, Technology and Innovation (SENESCYT) and McGill University: Grad Excellence Award [grant number 00288]; and the Neil Croll Award [grant number 00288]. The authors are thankful to the Galapagos Science Center for their support and to the Galapagos National Park Service for providing research permit. We are sincerely grateful to all our interviewees for their time and willingness to participate in the research, especially to small-scale fishers that shared their concerns. Special thanks to Vijay Kolinjivadi and Megan Wylie who assisted reviewing an early draft of the manuscript, to Aman Ghassemi for assisting editing maps, and to three anonymous reviewers whose comments and recommendations helped improve the article. NR 100 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0964-5691 EI 1873-524X J9 OCEAN COAST MANAGE JI Ocean Coastal Manage. PD MAR 1 PY 2020 VL 185 AR 105066 DI 10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2019.105066 PG 15 WC Oceanography; Water Resources SC Oceanography; Water Resources GA KH3FX UT WOS:000510533000022 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Vezi, M Downs, C Wepener, V O'Brien, G AF Vezi, Madonna Downs, Colleen Wepener, Victor O'Brien, Gordon TI Application of the relative risk model for evaluation of ecological risk in selected river dominated estuaries in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa SO OCEAN & COASTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Regional ecological risk assessment; Estuaries; Stressors; Land use activities ID MANAGEMENT; SEDIMENTS AB Effective environmental management and restoration of impacted estuaries in South Africa necessitates a holistic understanding of the contribution of various stressor-related impacts throughout the catchment. Ecological risk assessment for aquatic ecosystems is an important tool for water resource management. In this study, we describe results of a preliminary assessment that was conducted to evaluate the relative risks of multiple anthropogenic stressors currently acting within the catchments of uMvoti, Thukela and aMatikulu/Nyoni estuaries using Bayesian Network Relative Risk Model (BN-RRM) framework. Four socio-ecological endpoints selected for the present study included biodiversity habitat, safe environment, fisheries and productivity. We constructed a conceptual model which depicted potential and effect pathways from the source, to the stressor, to the habitat and to the endpoint. We also developed five scenarios (including historical and future scenarios) to predict the potential risk distributions in different proposed scenarios. Results revealed that productivity was the endpoint at the lower risk in all the estuaries and all scenarios except for scenario 5. Results also showed that scenario 3 which is a scenario before major resource development had the lowest risk scores for all the endpoints. Scenario 4 (year 2025 if no laws and management measures are implemented) had the highest risk scores for all the endpoints. Overall endpoints generally displayed low to medium risk throughout all scenarios (except scenario 3) and different flows. All endpoints generally displayed zero risk in scenario 3. All endpoints were at a highest risk in the uMvoti Estuary followed by aMatikulu/Nyoni and then Thukela Estuary. Results highlighted that in the uMvoti and Thukela estuaries, people were at a higher risk when compared with the ecological components of these systems as social endpoints displayed higher risk scores than the ecological endpoints, however the opposite was observed in the aMatikulu/Nyoni Estuary. This study provided die foundation for evaluating the risks of multiple stressors in the catchments of these estuaries to a variety of endpoints. Management options and research should focus on collecting necessary data and information to refine the developed RRM. By establishing such framework, we believe that stakeholders within the catchments of these systems together with government organisations will be able to make more informed and risk-based management decisions pertaining restoration and rehabilitation options for these three estuaries. C1 [Vezi, Madonna; Downs, Colleen; O'Brien, Gordon] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Sch Life Sci, Private Bag X 01, ZA-3209 Pietermaritzburg, Kwazulu Natal, South Africa. [Wepener, Victor] North West Univ, Water Res Grp, Unit Environm Sci & Management, Private Bag X6001, ZA-2520 Potchefstroom, South Africa. [O'Brien, Gordon] Univ Mpumalanga, Fac Agr & Nat Sci, Sch Biol & Environm Sci, Private Bag X11283, ZA-1200 Nelspruit, South Africa. RP Downs, C (reprint author), Univ KwaZulu Natal, Sch Life Sci, Private Bag X 01, ZA-3209 Pietermaritzburg, Kwazulu Natal, South Africa.; O'Brien, G (reprint author), Univ Mpumalanga, Fac Agr & Nat Sci, Sch Biol & Environm Sci, Private Bag X11283, ZA-1200 Nelspruit, South Africa. EM madonnavezi@gmail.com; downs@ukzn.ac.za; Victor.Wepener@nwu.ac.za; gordon.obrien@ump.ac.za OI Downs, Colleen/0000-0001-8334-1510 FU National Research Foundation (ZA); University of KwaZulu-Natal; SAPPI Southern Africa Limited FX This work was supported by the National Research Foundation (ZA), University of KwaZulu-Natal and SAPPI Southern Africa Limited. The authors would like to thank postgraduate students who assisted during field work. NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0964-5691 EI 1873-524X J9 OCEAN COAST MANAGE JI Ocean Coastal Manage. PD MAR 1 PY 2020 VL 185 AR 105035 DI 10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2019.105035 PG 14 WC Oceanography; Water Resources SC Oceanography; Water Resources GA KH3FX UT WOS:000510533000009 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Mansour, R Tsamakis, K Rizos, E Perera, G Das-Munshi, J Stewart, R Mueller, C AF Mansour, Rand Tsamakis, Konstantinos Rizos, Emmanouil Perera, Gayan Das-Munshi, Jayati Stewart, Robert Mueller, Christoph TI Late-life depression in people from ethnic minority backgrounds: Differences in presentation and management SO JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS LA English DT Article DE Depression; Ethnic minorities; Depressive symptoms; Antidepressants; Health inequalities ID PSYCHOLOGICAL THERAPY SERVICES; OLDER AFRICAN-AMERICANS; COMMON MENTAL-DISORDERS; 2ND-GENERATION IMMIGRANTS; HEALTH-SERVICES; IRISH MIGRANTS; CARE; SYMPTOMS; PATIENT; AGE AB Background: An elevated risk of late-life depression has been suggested in older adults from minority ethnic groups, but little is known about ethnic group differences in symptom and treatment profiles. The current study aimed to compare symptoms and types of treatment between ethnic groups in patients with late-life depression. Methods: Data were extracted from the Clinical Record Interactive Search (CRIS) system, which provides access to the anonymised electronic health records of a large mental health care provider in South London. In total, 5,546 individuals aged 65 years and older, and diagnosed with late-life depression between 2006 and 2017, were included. Patients from ethnic minority backgrounds were compared to White British individuals on the following features recorded at depression diagnosis: mental and physical wellbeing,functional scales, individual depressive symptoms recorded, and treatments administered. Results: Black Africans and Black Caribbeans more frequently presented with psychotic problems and were significantly less likely to have antidepressant treatment prescribed post diagnosis compared to White British. White Irish had higher rates of substance use and sleep disturbance. Depressive symptoms of hopelessness, guilt feelings, and suicidal thoughts were less common in Black Caribbeans, Black Africans, and South Asians compared to White British. Limitations: Only patients with depression under a specialist mental health care provider were included in the study. Conclusions: Ethnic minority elders have significantly different presentations and undertake different types of treatment both across groups and relative to their White British counterparts. These differences need to be taken into consideration to optimise pathways into care and to personalise treatment. C1 [Mansour, Rand; Perera, Gayan; Das-Munshi, Jayati; Stewart, Robert; Mueller, Christoph] Kings Coll London, Inst Psychiat Psychol & Neurosci, London, England. [Tsamakis, Konstantinos; Rizos, Emmanouil] Univ Gen Hosp ATTIKON, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat 2, Athens, Greece. [Das-Munshi, Jayati; Stewart, Robert; Mueller, Christoph] South London & Maudsley NHS Fdn Trust, London, England. RP Mueller, C (reprint author), Kings Coll London, Inst Psychiat Psychol & Neurosci IoPPN, Crespigny Pk, London SE5 8AF, England. EM christoph.mueller@kcl.ac.uk FU Health Foundation; Academy of Medical SciencesAcademy of Medical Sciences (AMS) FX CM, GP and RS receive salary support from the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, and RS is a NIHR Senior Investigator. JD receives funding from the Health Foundation working together with the Academy of Medical Sciences for a Clinician Scientist Fellowship. The views expressed are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the NHS, the NIHR or the Department of Health and Social Care. NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-0327 EI 1573-2517 J9 J AFFECT DISORDERS JI J. Affect. Disord. PD MAR 1 PY 2020 VL 264 BP 340 EP 347 DI 10.1016/j.jad.2019.12.031 PG 8 WC Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA KH1BD UT WOS:000510380300045 PM 32056770 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Wright, DF Cole, SR Ausich, WI AF Wright, David F. Cole, Selina R. Ausich, William I. TI Biodiversity, systematics, and new taxa of cladid crinoids from the Ordovician Brechin Lagerstatte SO JOURNAL OF PALEONTOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MIDDLE ORDOVICIAN; NORTHERN IOWA; EXTINCTION EVENT; SOUTHERN ONTARIO; GALENA GROUP; ECHINODERMATA; EVOLUTION; ORIGIN; FOSSIL; GENUS AB Upper Ordovician (Katian) strata of the Lake Simcoe region of Ontario record a spectacularly diverse and abundant echinoderm fauna known as the Brechin Lagerstatte. Despite recognition as the most taxonomically diverse Katian crinoid paleocommunity, the Brechin Lagerstatte has received relatively little taxonomic study since Frank Springer published his classic monograph on the "Kirkfield fauna" in 1911. Using a new collection of exceptionally preserved material, we evaluate all dicyclic inadunate crinoids occurring in the Brechin Lagerstatte, which is predominantly comprised of cladids (Eucladida and Flexibilia). We document 15 species across 11 genera, including descriptions of two new genera and four new species. New taxa include Konieckicrinus brechinensis n. gen. n. sp., K. josephi n. gen. n. sp., Simcoecrinus mahalaki n. gen. n. sp., and Dendrocrinus simcoensis n. sp. Although cladids are not commonly considered major components of the Early Paleozoic Crinoid Macroevolutionary Fauna, which is traditionally conceived as dominated by disparids and diplobathrid camerates, they are the most diverse major lineage of crinoids occurring in the Brechin Lagerstatte. This unexpected result highlights the important roles of specimen-based taxonomy and systematic revisions in the study of large-scale diversity patterns. UUID: http://zoobank.org/09dda7c2-f2c5-4411-93be-3587ab1652ab C1 [Wright, David F.; Cole, Selina R.] Amer Museum Nat Hist, Div Paleontol, Cent Pk West & 79th St, New York, NY 10024 USA. [Wright, David F.; Cole, Selina R.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Ausich, William I.] Sch Earth Sci, 125 South Oval Mall, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Wright, DF (reprint author), Amer Museum Nat Hist, Div Paleontol, Cent Pk West & 79th St, New York, NY 10024 USA.; Wright, DF (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM dwright@amnh.org; scole@amnh.org; ausich.1@osu.edu FU Gerstner Scholar and Lerner-Gray postdoctoral fellowship from the American Museum of Natural History (AMNH); Kathryn W. Davis postdoctoral fellowship from the AMNH; Arthur James Boucot Award from the Paleontological Society FX We thank K. Hollis, M. Florence, D. Miller, J. Bauer, and M. Friedman for assistance with curated specimens. Joe Koniecki is thanked for generously donating specimens and providing important feedback on the manuscript. This paper benefited from access to taxonomic literature kindly provided by M. Foote. We thank B. Hunda, J. Jin, and J. Kastigar for their helpful editorial services, patience, and feedback throughout the manuscript submission process. This manuscript was greatly improved by helpful comments from B. Lefebvre, T. Guensburg, and F. Gahn. DFW was supported by a Gerstner Scholar and Lerner-Gray postdoctoral fellowship from the American Museum of Natural History (AMNH). SRC was supported by a Kathryn W. Davis postdoctoral fellowship from the AMNH and an Arthur James Boucot Award from the Paleontological Society. NR 143 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0022-3360 EI 1937-2337 J9 J PALEONTOL JI J. Paleontol. PD MAR PY 2020 VL 94 IS 2 BP 334 EP 357 AR PII S0022336019000817 DI 10.1017/jpa.2019.81 PG 24 WC Paleontology SC Paleontology GA KI0JI UT WOS:000511032100012 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Mausbach, WE Dzialowski, AR AF Mausbach, William E. Dzialowski, Andrew R. TI Salinisation reduces biodiversity in neighbouring freshwater patches in experimental metacommunities SO FRESHWATER BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE biodiversity; keystone ecosystems; metacommunity; salinity; zooplankton ID SPECIES-DIVERSITY; HETEROGENEITY; ZOOPLANKTON; COMMUNITIES; SALINITY; CONNECTIVITY; DETERMINANT; DISPERSAL; TOLERANCE; RICHNESS AB Aquatic ecosystems are biodiversity hot spots across many landscapes; therefore, the degradation of these habitats can lead to decreases in biodiversity across multiple scales. Salinisation is a global issue that threatens freshwater ecosystems by reducing water quality and local biodiversity. The effects of salinity on local processes have been studied extensively; however, the effects of salinisation or similar environmental stressors within a metacommunity (a dispersal network of several distinct communities) have not been explored. We tested how the spatial heterogeneity and the environmental contrast between freshwater and saline habitat patches influenced cladoceran biodiversity and species composition at local and regional scales in a metacommunity mesocosm experiment. We defined spatial heterogeneity as the proportion of freshwater to saltwater patches within the metacommunity, ranging from a freshwater-dominated metacommunity to a saltwater-dominated metacommunity. Environmental contrast was defined as the environmental distance between habitat patches along the salinity gradient in which low-contrast metacommunities consisted of freshwater and low-salinity patches and high-contrast metacommunities consisted of freshwater and high-salinity patches. We hypothesised that the alpha-richness of freshwater patches and metacommunity gamma-richness would decrease as freshwater patches became less abundant along the spatial heterogeneity gradient in both low- and high-contrast metacommunities, because there would be fewer freshwater patches that could serve as source populations for declining populations. We hypothesised that low-contrast metacommunities would support more species across the spatial heterogeneity gradient than high-contrast metacommunities, because, via dispersal, low-salinity patches can support halotolerant freshwater species that can mitigate population declines in neighbouring freshwater patches, whereas` high-salinity patches will mostly support halophilic species, providing fewer potential colonisers to freshwater patches. We found that alpha-richness of freshwater mesocosms and metacommunity gamma-richness declined in saline-dominated metacommunities regardless of the environmental contrast between the freshwater and saline mesocosms. We found that environmental contrast influenced freshwater and saline community composition in low-contrast metacommunities by increasing the abundances of species that could tolerate low-salinity environments through dispersal, whereas freshwater and high-salinity communities showed limited interactions through dispersal. Freshwater mesocosms had a disproportionate effect on the local and regional biodiversity in these experimental metacommunities, indicating that habitat identity may be more important than habitat diversity for maintaining biodiversity in some metacommunities. This study further emphasises the importance in maintaining multiple species-rich habitat patches across landscapes, particularly those experiencing landscape-wide habitat degradation. C1 [Mausbach, William E.] Grand River Dam Author, Vinita, OK 74301 USA. [Dzialowski, Andrew R.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Integrat Biol, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. RP Mausbach, WE (reprint author), Grand River Dam Author, Vinita, OK 74301 USA. EM william.mausbach@grda.com NR 52 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0046-5070 EI 1365-2427 J9 FRESHWATER BIOL JI Freshw. Biol. PD MAR PY 2020 VL 65 IS 3 BP 592 EP 604 DI 10.1111/fwb.13457 PG 13 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA KH4DT UT WOS:000510595000020 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Bacmaga, M Wyszkowska, J Kucharski, J AF Bacmaga, Malgorzata Wyszkowska, Jadwiga Kucharski, Jan TI Response of soil microorganisms and enzymes to the foliar application of Helicur 250 EW fungicide on Horderum vulgare L. SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Fungicide; Eutric cambisols; Soil microorganisms and enzymes; Biodiversity; Next-generation sequencing; Horderum vulgare L ID BACTERIAL COMMUNITIES; MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES; INSECTICIDE CHLORANTRANILIPROLE; YIELD; TEBUCONAZOLE; METAANALYSIS; DEGRADATION; RESISTANCE; DIVERSITY; TOXICITY AB The use of fungicides bears the risk of many undesirable outcomes that are manifested in, among other things, changes in the structure and activity of microorganisms. This study aimed at determining the effect of a Helicur 250 EW preparation, used to protect crops against fungal diseases, on the microbiological and biochemical activity of soil and on the development of Horderum vulgare L The fungicide was sprayed on leaves of spring barley in the following doses (per active substance, i.e. tebuconazole, TEB): 0.046, 0.093, 0.139, 1.395, and 2.790 mg TEB plant(-1). The following indices were analyzed in the study: index of microorganisms resistance (RS) to the effects of fungicide, microorganisms colony development index (CD), microorganisms ecophysiological diversity index (EP), genetic diversity of bacteria, enzymatic activity, and effect of the fungicide on spring barley development (IFH). The most susceptible to the effects of the fungicide turned out to be fungi. The metagenomic analysis demonstrated that the bacterial community differed in terms of structure and percentage contribution in the soil exposed to the fungicide from the control soil even at the Phylum level. However, Proteobacteria appeared to be the prevailing taxon in both soils. Bacillus arabhattai, B. soli, and B. simplex occurred exclusively in the control soil, whereas Ramlibacter tataounensis, Azospirillum palatum, and Kaistobacter terrae - exclusively in the soil contaminated with the fungicide. Helicur 250 EW suppressed activities of all soil enzymes except for arylsulfatase. In addition, it proved to be a strong inhibitor of spring barley growth and development. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Bacmaga, Malgorzata; Wyszkowska, Jadwiga; Kucharski, Jan] Univ Warmia & Mazury, Dept Microbiol, Plac Lodzki 3, PL-10727 Olsztyn, Poland. RP Wyszkowska, J (reprint author), Univ Warmia & Mazury, Dept Microbiol, Plac Lodzki 3, PL-10727 Olsztyn, Poland. EM jadwiga.wyszkowska@uwm.edu.pl OI Wyszkowska, Jadwiga/0000-0002-2156-3780 FU Minister of Science and Higher Education [010/RID/2018/19] FX This study was supported by statutory research funds from the Ministry of Science and Higher Education. "Project financially supported by Minister of Science and Higher Education in the range of the program entitled "Ronal Initiative of Excellence" for the years 2019-2022, Project No. 010/RID/2018/19, amount of funding 12.000.000 PLN." NR 64 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 EI 1879-1298 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD MAR PY 2020 VL 242 AR UNSP 125163 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125163 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KG2PZ UT WOS:000509786600045 PM 31677518 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Imbert, C Papaix, J Husson, L Warlop, F Lavigne, C AF Imbert, Camille Papaix, Julien Husson, Lea Warlop, Francois Lavigne, Claire TI Estimating population dynamics parameters of cabbage pests in temperate mixed apple tree-cabbage plots compared to control vegetable plots SO CROP PROTECTION LA English DT Article DE Agroforestry; Brassica; Immigration; Malus; Predation; Survival ID PIERIS-RAPAE; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; AGROFORESTRY; MANAGEMENT; DIVERSITY; APHID; CONSEQUENCES; BIODIVERSITY; HOMOPTERA; SEARCH AB Mixed fruit tree-vegetable systems, a particular type of agroforestry, simultaneously combine the production of vegetables at the ground level with that of fruits in tree canopies. Crop diversification generally promotes pest natural enemies but its impact on pest abundance is more ambivalent, possibly because the presence of trees also directly impacts pest reproduction, survival and movements. The purpose of this study was thus to estimate population dynamics parameters of vegetable pests (predation, immigration and survival) and compare them between mixed fruit tree-vegetable plots and vegetable control plots. For this purpose, seven pest stages were monitored in an experiment with exclusion cages set up in mixed fruit tree-vegetable plots, combining apple and cabbage, and two control plots grown with cabbage only, over one growing season. The data were then fed into a mechanistic-statistical model to estimate these parameters. Most significant results concerned the aphid Myzus persicae that had higher intrinsic growth rate, less immigration and suffered less predation in mixed fruit tree-vegetable plots. Egg laying also appeared larger for Lepidoptera species in these plots but egg survival was lower. Predation of caterpillars was also lower. Lastly predation of the aphid Brevicoryne brassicae, in contrast to M. persicae, was higher in mixed fruit tree-vegetable plots. Either no difference was noted between plot types for other parameters or the pest biology made it difficult to relate the model parameters to population dynamics process. We thus provide evidence that reproduction or survival of some pests may increase in mixed fruit tree-vegetable plots and their predation level may be similar or lower than in control plots which could explain the diversity of results concerning the effects of agroforestry on pest control. We also found no strong evidence that trees were a barrier to immigration in our simple mixed fruit tree-vegetable plots. C1 [Imbert, Camille; Husson, Lea; Lavigne, Claire] INRA, UR PSH 1115, Plantes & Syst Culture Hort, F-84000 Avignon, France. [Papaix, Julien] INRA, UR BioSP 546, Biostat & Proc Spatiaux, F-84000 Avignon, France. [Warlop, Francois] GRAB, Maison Bio,255 Chemin Castelette, F-84911 Avignon, France. RP Imbert, C (reprint author), INRA, Ctr Rech Val Loire, US InfoSol 1106, 2163,Ave Pomme Pin,CS 40001, F-45075 Orleans 2, France. EM cimbert@hotmail.fr; julien.papaix@inra.fr; lea.husson17@gmail.com; francois.warlop@grab.fr; claire.lavigne@inra.fr FU Fondation de FranceFondation de France [00056292] FX This work and C.I. Ph.D. were funded by Fondation de France (Grant 00056292). The authors thank Jeremy Cortello, Cecile Thomas and Ruoyin Long for helping with the field and lab work. NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0261-2194 EI 1873-6904 J9 CROP PROT JI Crop Prot. PD MAR PY 2020 VL 129 AR 105037 DI 10.1016/j.cropro.2019.105037 PG 15 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA KG0KB UT WOS:000509629000017 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Krahmer, H Andreasen, C Economou-Antonaka, G Holec, J Kalivas, D Kolarova, M Novak, R Panozzo, S Pinke, G Salonen, J Sattin, M Stefanic, E Vanaga, I Fried, G AF Kraehmer, Hansjoerg Andreasen, Christian Economou-Antonaka, Garifalia Holec, Josef Kalivas, Dionissios Kolarova, Michaela Novak, Robert Panozzo, Silvia Pinke, Gyula Salonen, Jukka Sattin, Maurizio Stefanic, Edita Vanaga, Ineta Fried, Guillaume TI Weed surveys and weed mapping in Europe: State of the art and future tasks SO CROP PROTECTION LA English DT Article DE Arable weeds; Biodiversity; Invasive weeds; Species distribution; Mapping methodology; Herbicide resistant weeds ID WINTER OILSEED RAPE; LONG-TERM CHANGES; HERBICIDE RESISTANCE; AGRICULTURAL INTENSIFICATION; INHIBITING HERBICIDES; ENVIRONMENTAL-FACTORS; SPATIAL-PATTERNS; ARABLE FIELDS; FLORA; VEGETATION AB Long-term national European weed surveys, large scale classical phytosoclological programs and camera-based documentation systems lead to results which can be documented in form of maps. Comparisons of these visual representations of relative weed positions can be used for the prediction of changing weed spectra and of plant biodiversity changes. Statistical methods connected with mapping software are used for the analysis of environmental factors and of farm managing practices influencing the occurrence of weeds. Maps produced by sensor-driven weed detection devices still differ considerably from maps produced via classical phytosociological approaches. Computer algorithms may allow the precise identification of some weeds in camera images. The present technical solutions are, however, still far from those achieved by experienced botanists. Many weed detection tools based on algorithms are not able to distinguish between closely related weeds yet. A few European countries have a long tradition of surveying weeds in major crops by traditional tools. Various software packages are employed for the analysis, documentation and visualisation of survey results. Large scale comprehensive maps including the infestation of crops over different countries are, however, often biased as not every national research group uses the same methods for the assessment of weed infestation. The ranking of the most common species seems, however, to allow comparable conclusions. The recognition of trends in spectrum changes can only be derived from long term studies as we see it. Our review reflects discussions within the Weed Mapping Working Group of the European Weed Research Society over the last ten years. We try to identify new research trends and to respond accordingly with new research projects. What we see today is a shift from traditional mapping approaches towards the use of digital devices as for example in precision farming projects. Another issue of increasing importance is the mapping of herbicide resistant biotypes. C1 [Kraehmer, Hansjoerg] Kantstr 20, D-65719 Hofheim, Germany. [Andreasen, Christian] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Plant & Environm Sci, Hojbakkegard Alle 13, DK-2630 Taastrup, Denmark. [Economou-Antonaka, Garifalia] Agr Univ Athens, Fac Crop Prod Sci, Iera Odos 75, GR-11855 Athens, Greece. [Holec, Josef; Kolarova, Michaela] Czech Univ Life Sci Prague, Dept Agroecol & Crop Prod, Kamycka 129, CZ-16521 Prague 6, Czech Republic. [Kalivas, Dionissios] Agr Univ Athens, Dept Nat Resources Management & Agr Engn, Iera Odas 75, GR-11855 Athens, Greece. [Novak, Robert] Directorate Plant Protect Soil Conservat & Agrien, Natl Food Chain Safety Off, Budaorsi Ut 141-145, H-1118 Budapest, Hungary. [Panozzo, Silvia; Sattin, Maurizio] Inst Sustainable Plant Protect IPSP, CNR, Viale Univ 16, I-35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy. [Pinke, Gyula] Szechenyi Istvan Univ, Fac Agr & Food Sci, H-9200 Mosonmagyarovar, Hungary. [Salonen, Jukka] Nat Resources Inst Finland Luke, FI-31600 Jokioinen, Finland. [Stefanic, Edita] Josip Juraj Strossmayer Univ Osijek, Fac Agrobiotech Sci, Dept Plant Protect, Vladimira Preloga 1, Osijek 31000, Croatia. [Vanaga, Ineta] Bayer CropSci, SIA Bayer, Rigas Iela 67, LV-3004 Jelgava, Latvia. [Kolarova, Michaela; Fried, Guillaume] Anses Lab Sante Vegetaux, Unite Entomol & Plantes Invas, 755 Ave Campus Agropolis,CS30016, F-34988 Montferrier Sur Lez, France. RP Krahmer, H (reprint author), Kantstr 20, D-65719 Hofheim, Germany. EM Kraehmer-Hofheim@t-online.de NR 129 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0261-2194 EI 1873-6904 J9 CROP PROT JI Crop Prot. PD MAR PY 2020 VL 129 AR 105010 DI 10.1016/j.cropro.2019.105010 PG 13 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA KG0KB UT WOS:000509629000001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Liberati, MR Rittenhouse, CD Vokoun, JC AF Liberati, Marjorie R. Rittenhouse, Chadwick D. Vokoun, Jason C. TI Subdivision for conservation? SO LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING LA English DT Article ID BIODIVERSITY; CHALLENGES; SELECTION; IMPLEMENTATION; OPPORTUNITY; OBJECTIVES; PROTECTION; MANAGEMENT; EXPANSION; AREAS AB Creative and strategic approaches are needed to achieve conservation goals in contemporary landscapes. Protected area expansion competes with multiple demands for land and needs to accommodate the socio-economic realities of landscapes to be effective. Smaller planning units can improve targeted acquisitions for protected areas, but 'subdivision' used in conservation planning has typically followed ecological patterns. Instead, we suggest that subdividing based on anthropogenic land-development patterns could improve strategic achievement of conservation goals by producing smaller planning units that are also socio-economically relevant. We simulated this approach to subdivision in a New England, USA landscape and evaluated the outcomes for three conservation planning scenarios - protect riparian corridors, protect rare habitats, and protect representative habitats - in the original and subdivided property delineations. For each scenario-delineation combination, we identified protected land expansion solutions that optimized a priority objective within a budget or achieved a conservation target at minimum cost. We used a multi-objective optimization algorithm to identify solutions to navigate tradeoffs between ecological, social, and economic objectives. In our study area, subdivision allowed us to optimize ecological outcomes within a budget and achieve conservation targets at reduced cost. While subdivision solutions were not able to simultaneously improve outcomes for all objectives, they were often able to reduce individual and aggregate outcomes compared to solutions in the originally delineated landscape. Subdivision could be a useful tool for improving implementation of conservation goals because it results in smaller planning units that are able to spatially represent conservation objectives more exactly while remaining socio-economically relevant. C1 [Liberati, Marjorie R.; Rittenhouse, Chadwick D.; Vokoun, Jason C.] Univ Connecticut, Wildlife & Fisheries Conservat Ctr, Dept Nat Resources & Environm, Storrs, CT USA. RP Liberati, MR (reprint author), 1376 Storrs Rd,Unit 4087, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. EM marjorie.liberati@uconn.edu; chadwick.rittenhouse@uconn.edu; jason.vokoun@uconn.edu FU United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA), Agriculture and Food Research Initiative (AFRI) Competitive Grant [2014-38420-21802] FX M.R.L. was supported by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA), Agriculture and Food Research Initiative (AFRI) Competitive Grant no. 2014-38420-21802. NR 64 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-2046 EI 1872-6062 J9 LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN JI Landsc. Urban Plan. PD MAR PY 2020 VL 195 AR 103723 DI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2019.103723 PG 12 WC Ecology; Environmental Studies; Geography; Geography, Physical; Regional & Urban Planning; Urban Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Physical Geography; Public Administration; Urban Studies GA KE7UQ UT WOS:000508757000010 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Lomba, A Buchadas, A Corbelle-Rico, E Jongman, R McCracken, D AF Lomba, A. Buchadas, A. Corbelle-Rico, E. Jongman, R. McCracken, D. TI Detecting temporal changes in the extent of High Nature Value farmlands: The case-study of the Entre-Douro-e-Minho Region, Portugal SO LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING LA English DT Article ID AGRICULTURAL ECOSYSTEMS; SERVICES; BIODIVERSITY AB In the European Union, the socio-ecological systems underlying the maintenance of low-intensity farming systems supporting the occurrence of several species and habitats are known as High Nature Value farmlands (HNVf). Detecting trends of change in the extent and location of HNVf is essential to monitor the impact of policies on biodiversity. However, assessing changes in HNVf extent is challenging, due to the lack of tested approaches and lack of data with adequate spatial and temporal resolutions. We address such challenge by evaluating the usefulness of an existing methodological framework to analyse changes in the extent of HNVf in the agrarian region of Entre-Douro-e-Minho, Northwestern Portugal between 1989 and 2009. Changes in the extent of HNVf between 1989 and 2009 were analysed for whole study area, and within and outside areas designated for conservation. Results depicted a trend of decreasing extent of HNVf between 1989 and 2009, irrespective of being inside or outside a nature conservation designation. This provides an early warning that nature conservation designation does not ensure HNVf persistence. We consider that this research represents an advance in the field of HNVf assessment and monitoring. In particular, by providing an approach to analyze the location and changes over time of HNVf types in relation to areas under distinct legal protection (such as the Natura 2000 network), it can help assess the role that such nature conservation designations have in protecting HNVf and indicate where additional agricultural or nature conservation policy and support mechanisms may need to be targeted. C1 [Lomba, A.; Buchadas, A.] Univ Porto, CIBIO Res Ctr Biodivers & Genet Resources, InBIO Res Network Biodivers & Evolutionary Biol, Campus Agr Vairao,Rua Padre Armando Quintas 7, P-4485661 Vairao, Portugal. [Corbelle-Rico, E.] Univ Santiago de Compostela, Lab Terr, Dept Enxeneria Agroforestal, Escola Politecn Super Enxeneria, Rua Benigno Ledo S-N, Lugo 27002, Spain. [Jongman, R.] Wageningen Univ & Res, Droevendaalsesteeg 3, NL-6708 NJ Wageningen, Netherlands. [McCracken, D.] Scotlands Rural Coll, Hill & Mt Res Ctr, Kirkton Farm, Crianlarich FK20 8RU, Scotland. RP Lomba, A (reprint author), Univ Porto, CIBIO Res Ctr Biodivers & Genet Resources, InBIO Res Network Biodivers & Evolutionary Biol, Campus Agr Vairao,Rua Padre Armando Quintas 7, P-4485661 Vairao, Portugal. EM angelalomba@fc.up.pt; eduardo.corbelle@usc.es; rob.jongman@xs4all.nl; Davy.McCracken@sruc.ac.uk RI Corbelle-Rico, Eduardo/L-3220-2013; Lomba, Angela/L-7117-2013 OI Corbelle-Rico, Eduardo/0000-0002-2382-6767; Lomba, Angela/0000-0003-3748-8751 FU Norte Portugal Regional Operational Programme (NORTE 2020) under the PORTUGAL 2020 Partnership Agreement through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) [POCI-01-0145-FEDER-016664-PTDC/AAG-REC/5007/2014]; FCT - Portuguese Science FoundationPortuguese Foundation for Science and Technology; FCT - Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia, I.P. [DL57/2016/CP1440/CT0001]; Scottish Government Rural Affairs & Environment Portfolio Strategic Research Programme 2016-2021, Theme 1: Natural Assets FX This research is a result of project FARSYD - FARming SYstems as tool to support policies for effective conservation and management of high nature value farmlanDs (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-016664-PTDC/AAG-REC/5007/2014) supported by Norte Portugal Regional Operational Programme (NORTE 2020) under the PORTUGAL 2020 Partnership Agreement through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) and by national funds through FCT - Portuguese Science Foundation. A.L. is supported by national funds through FCT - Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia, I.P., in the context of the Transitory Norm DL57/2016/CP1440/CT0001. D.M. input to this manuscript was partially funded by the Scottish Government Rural Affairs & Environment Portfolio Strategic Research Programme 2016-2021, Theme 1: Natural Assets. NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-2046 EI 1872-6062 J9 LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN JI Landsc. Urban Plan. PD MAR PY 2020 VL 195 AR 103726 DI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2019.103726 PG 9 WC Ecology; Environmental Studies; Geography; Geography, Physical; Regional & Urban Planning; Urban Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Physical Geography; Public Administration; Urban Studies GA KE7UQ UT WOS:000508757000013 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Melero, Y Stefanescu, C Palmer, SCF Travis, JMJ Pino, J AF Melero, Yolanda Stefanescu, Constanti Palmer, Stephen C. F. Travis, Justin M. J. Pino, Joan TI The role of the urban landscape on species with contrasting dispersal ability: Insights from greening plans for Barcelona SO LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING LA English DT Article ID BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION; LIFE-HISTORY; BODY-SIZE; FRAGMENTATION; DIVERSITY; MOVEMENT; MODELS; CONFIGURATION; URBANIZATION; METAANALYSIS AB With the expansion of urban areas, promoting urban biodiversity is now a priority. Many municipalities are implementing greening strategies to improve and increase green space within city boundaries. The effectiveness of these strategies, while rarely assessed, likely depends on the landscape and on relevant species intrinsic traits such as dispersal ability. Using a spatially explicit individual-based model, we evaluated the effect of the urban landscape on the projected distribution of three butterfly species with contrasting dispersal abilities, and assessed the effectiveness of the Barcelona greening strategy as a case study. Species distribution (in terms of patch occupancy) and effectiveness (in terms of population size and number of occupied gardens) were analysed using generalised linear models. The percentage of (semi) natural source area around each urban green space (garden hereafter) was the most important variable for the distribution of all three types of species, followed by the percentage of neighbouring gardens and by the garden carrying capacity, although the effect of neighbouring gardens was negative in the early phase of colonisation. The planned Barcelona greening strategy increased the number of gardens occupied by high and medium, but not by low dispersive species. Increasing the carrying capacity of the gardens improved colonisation for all three species types. While the best strategies can be context dependent, our results indicated that increasing garden area might be more effective in the long term but it can be overridden by garden capacity in the short term, especially if there are constraints to increasing garden area. C1 [Melero, Yolanda; Stefanescu, Constanti; Pino, Joan] CREAF, Cerdanyola Del Valles 08193, Spain. [Melero, Yolanda] Univ Reading, Sch Biol Sci, Harborne Bldg, Reading RG6 6AS, Berks, England. [Stefanescu, Constanti] Nat Hist Museum Granollers, Barcelona, Spain. [Palmer, Stephen C. F.; Travis, Justin M. J.] Univ Aberdeen, Inst Biol & Environm Sci, Zool Bldg,Tillydrone Ave, Aberdeen, Scotland. [Pino, Joan] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Cerdanyola Del Valles 08193, Spain. RP Melero, Y (reprint author), CREAF, Cerdanyola Del Valles 08193, Spain. EM y.melero@creaf.uab.cat; s.palmer@abdn.ac.uk; justin.travis@abdn.ac.uk; joan.pino@uab.cat RI Melero, Yolanda/H-4687-2015 OI Melero, Yolanda/0000-0002-4337-1448 FU Beatriu de Pinos-B postdoctoral grant [2013 BP-B 00168]; Barcelona City Council; Departament de Territori i Sostenibilitat (Generalitat de Catalunya)Generalitat de Catalunya; FundaciOn Biodiversitat (Ministerio para la Transicion Ecologica) FX We thank BCNEcologia for providing information about the Barcelona City Hall Plan and the volunteers within the CBMS. YM was supported by a Beatriu de Pinos-B postdoctoral grant (2013 BP-B 00168, AGAUR) and by the Barcelona City Council. The CBMS is funded by the Departament de Territori i Sostenibilitat (Generalitat de Catalunya). The uBMS is funded by FundaciOn Biodiversitat (Ministerio para la Transicion Ecologica). We thank the two reviewers and the editor for their useful comments that improved the manuscript. NR 59 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-2046 EI 1872-6062 J9 LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN JI Landsc. Urban Plan. PD MAR PY 2020 VL 195 AR 103707 DI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2019.103707 PG 11 WC Ecology; Environmental Studies; Geography; Geography, Physical; Regional & Urban Planning; Urban Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Physical Geography; Public Administration; Urban Studies GA KE7UQ UT WOS:000508757000003 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Meyer-Grandbastien, A Burel, F Hellier, E Bergerot, B AF Meyer-Grandbastien, Alice Burel, Francoise Hellier, Emmanuelle Bergerot, Benjamin TI A step towards understanding the relationship between species diversity and psychological restoration of visitors in urban green spaces using landscape heterogeneity SO LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING LA English DT Article ID QUANTIFY SPATIAL-PATTERNS; BIODIVERSITY; BENEFITS; HEALTH; RICHNESS; PERCEPTION; AESTHETICS; ATTITUDES; DRIVERS; CITIES AB Studies have demonstrated a relationship between plant species diversity within urban green spaces (UGS) and psychological restoration of visitors. However, the majority of "non ecologist" visitors are not able to perceive all the different plant species present within UGS. More work is thus needed to explore and better understand the underlying processes of this relationship. Recent studies have suggested that "non ecologist" visitors are able to perceive landscape heterogeneity within UGS, which is related to species diversity based on landscape ecology theories. The goal of this study was to test whether landscape heterogeneity can begin to elucidate the relationship between species diversity within UGS and psychological restoration of visitors. Within 13 UGS in Rennes (France) we tested if relationships can be established between i) measured landscape heterogeneity, ii) landscape heterogeneity perceived by visitors, and iii) psychological restoration of visitors. We measured landscape heterogeneity using different landscape-level metrics, and quantified psychological restoration and perception of landscape heterogeneity of 390 visitors using in situ questionnaires. Our results evidenced that within UGS visitors are able to perceive landscape compositional and configurational heterogeneity, and that they gain psychological restoration from landscape configurational heterogeneity. We advise that enhancing landscape configurational heterogeneity within UGS could help designers and managers increase both their environmental and social benefits. C1 [Meyer-Grandbastien, Alice; Burel, Francoise; Bergerot, Benjamin] Univ Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO, UMR 6553, F-35000 Rennes, France. [Meyer-Grandbastien, Alice; Hellier, Emmanuelle] Univ Rennes, CNRS, ESO, UMR 6590, F-35000 Rennes, France. RP Meyer-Grandbastien, A (reprint author), Univ Rennes 1, CNRS, UMR 6553, ECOBIO, Bat 14B,Porte 112,263 Ave Gen Leclerc, F-35042 Rennes, France. EM alice_meyer@hotmail.fr; francoise.burel@univ-rennes1.fr; emmanuelle.hellier@univ-rennes2.fr; benjamin.bergerot@univ-rennes1.fr NR 62 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-2046 EI 1872-6062 J9 LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN JI Landsc. Urban Plan. PD MAR PY 2020 VL 195 AR 103728 DI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2019.103728 PG 11 WC Ecology; Environmental Studies; Geography; Geography, Physical; Regional & Urban Planning; Urban Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Physical Geography; Public Administration; Urban Studies GA KE7UQ UT WOS:000508757000015 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU O'Hanley, JR Pompeu, PS Louzada, M Zambaldi, LP Kemp, PS AF O'Hanley, Jesse R. Pompeu, Paulo S. Louzada, Marina Zambaldi, Ludimilla P. Kemp, Paul S. TI Optimizing hydropower dam location and removal in the Sao Francisco river basin, Brazil to balance hydropower and river biodiversity tradeoffs SO LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING LA English DT Article DE Sustainable development; Hydropower planning; River connectivity; Fish species richness; Migratory fish dispersal; Optimization ID FRESH-WATER BIODIVERSITY; FISH-PASSAGE; CONSERVATION; RESTORATION; HABITAT; MODEL AB To support eco-friendly hydropower planning in developing regions, we propose a spatial optimization model for locating dams to balance tradeoffs between hydropower generation and migratory fish species richness. Our model incorporates two special features. First, it is tailored to the dispersal of tropical migratory fishes, which typically require long, unimpeded river stretches to complete their life-cycle. To model fish with this type of dispersal pattern, we introduce the concept of a river pathway, which represents a novel way to describe river connectivity. Second, it combines decisions about dam placement and removal, thus facilitating opportunities for hydropower offsetting. We apply our model to the Sao Francisco River basin, Brazil, an area of hydropower-freshwater biodiversity conflict. We find that dams have reduced weighted migratory fish richness 51% compared to a pre-dam baseline. We also find that even limited dam removal has the potential to significantly enhance fish biodiversity. Offsetting the removal of a single dam by the optimal siting of new dams could increase fish richness by 25% above the current average. Moving forward, optimizing new dam sites to increase hydropower by 20%, rather than selecting the fewest number of dams, could reduce fish species losses by 89%. If decisions about locating new dams are combined with dam removal, then a win-win can even be achieved with 20% greater hydropower and 19% higher species richness. Regardless of hydropower targets and dam removal options, a key observation is that optimal sites for dams are mostly located in the upper reaches of the basin rather than along the main stem of the Sao Francisco River or its main tributaries. C1 [O'Hanley, Jesse R.] Univ Kent, Kent Business Sch, Canterbury CT2 7FS, Kent, England. [O'Hanley, Jesse R.] Univ Kent, Durrell Inst Conservat & Ecol, Canterbury, Kent, England. [Pompeu, Paulo S.; Louzada, Marina] Univ Fed Lavras, Dept Biol, Lavras, Brazil. [Zambaldi, Ludimilla P.] Inst Fed Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. [Kemp, Paul S.] Univ Southampton, Int Ctr Ecohydraul Res, Southampton, Hants, England. RP O'Hanley, JR (reprint author), Univ Kent, Kent Business Sch, Canterbury CT2 7FS, Kent, England. EM j.ohanley@kent.ac.uk RI Pompeu, Paulo dos Santos/F-6696-2012 OI Pompeu, Paulo dos Santos/0000-0002-7938-1517 NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-2046 EI 1872-6062 J9 LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN JI Landsc. Urban Plan. PD MAR PY 2020 VL 195 AR 103725 DI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2019.103725 PG 9 WC Ecology; Environmental Studies; Geography; Geography, Physical; Regional & Urban Planning; Urban Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Physical Geography; Public Administration; Urban Studies GA KE7UQ UT WOS:000508757000011 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Fernandes, MF Cardoso, D de Queiroz, LP AF Fernandes, Moabe F. Cardoso, Domingos de Queiroz, Luciano P. TI An updated plant checklist of the Brazilian Caatinga seasonally dry forests and woodlands reveals high species richness and endemism SO JOURNAL OF ARID ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Article DE Floristics; SDTFW biome; Semiarid; Species composition; Biodiversity; Northeastern Brazil ID TROPICAL FORESTS; DIVERSITY; VEGETATION; BIODIVERSITY; SHORTFALLS; EVOLUTION; KNOWLEDGE; EASTERN; DOMAIN; WOODY AB Plant checklists constitute the fundamental knowledge on which further hypotheses of ecology, evolution, and biodiversity conservation are built. Here, we compiled a comprehensive and taxonomically verified checklist of the flowering plant species occurring in the Caatinga. We circumscribe Caatinga to include only the dry deciduous vegetation in Northeast Brazil, corresponding to the largest continuous nucleus of the seasonally dry tropical forest and woodland biome (SDTFW) in South America. We recorded 3347 species, 962 genera, and 153 families, of which 526 species and 29 genera are endemic, and the large contribution of its non-woody component to overall diversity. These numbers reveal a remarkably high floristic diversity in the Caatinga, representing almost two fold higher species/area ratio (4.0 x 10(-3) species/km(2)) as compared to the Amazon rainforests (2.5 x 10(-3) species/km(2)). Most Caatinga-inhabiting species are shared with other non-SDTFW tropical biomes, probably reflecting transition zones with surrounding savannas and rain forests. This newly assembled taxonomic checklist is expected to serve not only as an updated look at the identity and counting of the Caatinga plant diversity, but will also provide aids for better understanding the origin, evolution, and ecological function of this species-rich, but highly threatened South American vegetation. C1 [Fernandes, Moabe F.; de Queiroz, Luciano P.] Univ Estadual Feira de Santana, Dept Ciencias Biol, Feira De Santana, BA, Brazil. [Cardoso, Domingos] Univ Fed Bahia, Inst Biol, Salvador, BA, Brazil. RP Fernandes, MF (reprint author), Univ Estadual Feira de Santana, Dept Ciencias Biol, Feira De Santana, BA, Brazil. EM moabeffernandes@gmail.com FU Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e TecnologicoNational Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) [141560/2015-0, 306736/2015-2, 303585/2016-1]; Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel SuperiorCAPES [88881.133545/2016-01, 23038.009148/2013-19]; Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado da Bahia [APP0037/2016]; Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao PauloFundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) [2015/50488-5]; Royal Society [Newton Advanced Fellowship] [NAF/R1/180331] FX This work was supported by the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico [grant numbers 141560/2015-0; 306736/2015-2, and 303585/2016-1], Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior [grant numbers 88881.133545/2016-01 and 23038.009148/2013-19], Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado da Bahia [grant number APP0037/2016], Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo [grant number 2015/50488-5] and The Royal Society [Newton Advanced Fellowship number NAF/R1/180331]. NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0140-1963 EI 1095-922X J9 J ARID ENVIRON JI J. Arid. Environ. PD MAR PY 2020 VL 174 AR 104079 DI 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2019.104079 PG 8 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KE7QJ UT WOS:000508745900005 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Lee, ATK Wright, DR AF Lee, Alan Tristram Kenneth Wright, Dale R. TI Patterns of bird species richness at two sampling scales in the Karoo biome of South Africa SO JOURNAL OF ARID ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Article DE Karroo; Macroecology; Spatial ecology; Agriculture; Land degradation; Invasive alien species; African ornithology; Endemism; Biodiversity ID DRAINAGE LINE WOODLAND; DENSITY; IMPACT AB Species richness has become the common currency of studies of biodiversity. Here we consider measures of species richness for the birds of the arid Karoo region of South Africa. We measured species richness at two scales: at the broad-scale using pentads (5 x 5'); and at the fine scale, using point counts to determine important landscape features. Point counts within randomly selected pentads were conducted throughout the two biomes that comprise the Karoo (Succulent and Nama). Features at points were used to model covariates of species richness at the fine scale, while the total number of unique species from counts was used as the dependent variable at the broad scale. We considered determinants of total species richness; and the subset of ten bird species endemic to the Karoo. Finally, we modelled covariates of presence for 100 of the most common bird species. We found increasing vegetation height and decreasing sand-cover best explain total species richness, while lower Prosopis sp cover and increasing altitude explained endemic species richness at the broad scale. At the finer scale, presence of water and farmsteads were associated with highest general species richness, but with lower numbers of endemics. The presence of water, a 'green' score, sand cover and topography were identified as the most important variables explaining presence of individual species, but often with contrasting effects between species. We conclude that patterns of endemic bird species richness were explained by different variables compared to total species richness. We expect this information will inform landholders, wildlife managers and conservation practitioners in this unique arid zone environment. C1 [Lee, Alan Tristram Kenneth] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Sch Life Sci, Ctr Funct Biodivers, Private Bag X01, ZA-3209 Scottsville, South Africa. [Lee, Alan Tristram Kenneth] Univ Cape Town, Fitzpatrick Inst African Ornithol, ZA-7701 Rondebosch, South Africa. [Wright, Dale R.] BirdLife South Africa, Ctr Biodivers Conservat, Kirstenbosch Bot Gardens, Room A08,Rhodes Ave, ZA-7700 Cape Town, South Africa. RP Lee, ATK (reprint author), Univ KwaZulu Natal, Sch Life Sci, Ctr Funct Biodivers, Private Bag X01, ZA-3209 Scottsville, South Africa. EM alan.tk.lee@googlemail.com FU National Research Foundation of South Africa through the Foundational Biodiversity Information Programme (FBIP), Department of Science of Technology (DST) [98864]; National Research Foundation of South Africa through the Foundational Biodiversity Information Programme (FBIP), National Research Foundation (NRF) [98864]; National Research Foundation of South Africa through the Foundational Biodiversity Information Programme (FBIP), South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI) [98864] FX This work is based on the research carried out during the Karoo BioGaps Project, supported by the National Research Foundation of South Africa (Grant Number: 98864), awarded through the Foundational Biodiversity Information Programme (FBIP), a joint initiative of the Department of Science of Technology (DST), the National Research Foundation (NRF) and the South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI). This research has been made possible thanks to a donation from Gaynor Rupert to BirdLife South Africa. AL wishes to thank Richard Dean for his time, insights and comments. Domitilla Raimondo of SANBI is thanked for the invitation to become part of the SANBI Karoo BioGaps project. Gigi Laidler and Carol Poole are thanked for all their groundwork. Campbell Fleming is thanked for assistance during surveys during 2017, and Eric Herrmann for hard work in the field in 2018. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0140-1963 EI 1095-922X J9 J ARID ENVIRON JI J. Arid. Environ. PD MAR PY 2020 VL 174 AR 104077 DI 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2019.104077 PG 11 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KE7QJ UT WOS:000508745900006 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Tarashkar, M Hami, A Namin, FE AF Tarashkar, Mahsa Hami, Ahmad Namin, Farzin Emami TI The Effects of Parks' Landscape Characteristics on Women's Perceptual Preferences in Semi-arid environments SO JOURNAL OF ARID ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Article DE Spatial quality indicators; Women's perceptions; Attractiveness ID PERCEIVED RESTORATIVENESS; SCENIC BEAUTY; URBAN PARKS; INDICATORS; COMPLEXITY; HEALTH; FOREST; BIODIVERSITY; COHERENCE; VALIDITY AB This research addressed the relationship between LSQI (Landscape Spatial Quality Indicators) and women's preferences towards LC (Landscape Components). This study also evaluated women's' preferences for LSQI, and also the relationship between LSQI and women's perceived restoration. A photo-questionnaire was completed by 178 females in Shams Tabrizi Park in Tabriz, Iran. The results showed that some indicators exercise stronger effects in terms of inducing a sense of restoration (e.g. legibility, r = 0.682). Also, there is a significant relation between restoration and attractiveness (r = 0.680). The respondents exhibited the highest preferences for scenes of refuge (M = 4.08), but the preference was affected by complexity (r = 0.871). With regard to the implication, shrubs are recommended to create a mysterious landscape (r = 0.867), trees for legible (r = 0.759) and coherent (r = 0.857) landscapes, and finally, flowers are more appropriate choices in establishing complex landscapes (r = 0.817) taking women's preferences into account. Further on-site studies are needed to prove the significant impact of landscape components on preference for spatial indicators in a large-scale landscape. The results confirmed that the most attractive scenes convey the highest senses of restoration. Legibility level, the indicator having strong correlations with restoration, should be considered in landscape design practices. C1 [Tarashkar, Mahsa; Hami, Ahmad; Namin, Farzin Emami] Univ Tabriz, Fac Agr, Tabriz 5166616471, Iran. [Tarashkar, Mahsa] Univ Tabriz, Fac Agr, Dept Hort Sci, Tabriz 5166616471, Iran. RP Hami, A (reprint author), Univ Tabriz, Fac Agr, Tabriz 5166616471, Iran. EM mahs.diba90@gmail.com; hami@tabrizu.ac.ir; namin8181@yahoo.com NR 64 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0140-1963 EI 1095-922X J9 J ARID ENVIRON JI J. Arid. Environ. PD MAR PY 2020 VL 174 AR 104080 DI 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2019.104080 PG 8 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KE7QJ UT WOS:000508745900009 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Xu, ZH Yang, ZF Cai, XM Yin, XN Cai, YP AF Xu, Zhihao Yang, Zhifeng Cai, Ximing Yin, Xinan Cai, Yanpeng TI Modeling Framework for Reservoir Capacity Planning Accounting for Fish Migration SO JOURNAL OF WATER RESOURCES PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article ID WATER; BIODIVERSITY; OPERATIONS; HYDROPOWER; RHEOTAXIS AB Reservoirs change the environment upstream of dams from lotic to lentic and alter hydrodynamic migration cues, thereby forming barriers to upstream fish migration. Increasing reservoir capacity improves its ability to store water and provide benefits for human water uses but may simultaneously degrade fish migration environment in the reservoir and increase the economic cost for restoring fish migration. Such a tradeoff has been rarely explored. This study develops an integrated hydrodynamic, hydrologic, and economic framework for planning reservoir capacity that accounts for fish migration; water use benefits; and reservoir construction, maintenance, and operation costs. Based on the hydrodynamic simulation of flow velocities along a potential fish migration route in a reservoir, we determine the minimum flow release required to restore migration for different inflow and storage conditions and fish hydrodynamic requirements. The minimum release is then expressed as a constraint in an optimization model that determines the optimal reservoir capacity and a new operating rule curve to maximize reservoir net benefit. Using China's Danjiangkou Reservoir as a case study, we confirm that increasing reservoir capacity increases the quantity of water abandoned for restoring fish migration. Accounting for fish migration decreases optimal reservoir capacity by 39%, decreases annual costs by 13%, and decreases annual net benefits by 8%-21%, depending on fish hydrodynamic requirements. Large reservoirs may need to sacrifice considerable storage both before and during the migration period, and thus the optimal capacity for a particular reservoir should be decided based on a balance between human water demand and fish migration requirements. C1 [Xu, Zhihao; Yang, Zhifeng; Yin, Xinan; Cai, Yanpeng] Beijing Normal Univ, Sch Environm, State Key Lab Water Environm Simulat, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. [Xu, Zhihao; Cai, Ximing] Univ Illinois, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Yang, Zhifeng] Guangdong Univ Technol, Inst Environm & Ecol Engn, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, Peoples R China. RP Yang, ZF (reprint author), Beijing Normal Univ, Sch Environm, State Key Lab Water Environm Simulat, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China.; Yang, ZF (reprint author), Guangdong Univ Technol, Inst Environm & Ecol Engn, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, Peoples R China. EM zhihaoxu@mail.bnu.edu.cn; zfyang@gdut.edu.cn; xmcai@illinois.edu; yinxinan@bnu.edu.cn; yanpeng.cai@bnu.edu.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [51439001, 51909036]; Innovative Research Group of the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [51721093]; China Scholarship CouncilChina Scholarship Council FX This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 51439001, and 51909036); the Innovative Research Group of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51721093); and a fellowship provided by the China Scholarship Council. NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9496 EI 1943-5452 J9 J WATER RES PLAN MAN JI J. Water Resour. Plan. Manage.-ASCE PD MAR 1 PY 2020 VL 146 IS 3 AR 04020006 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)WR.1943-5452.0001170 PG 10 WC Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA KD5PA UT WOS:000507916700010 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Asselin, A Rabaud, S Catalan, C Leveque, B L'Haridon, J Martz, P Neveux, G AF Asselin, Anne Rabaud, Suzanne Catalan, Caroline Leveque, Benjamin L'Haridon, Jacques Martz, Patricia Neveux, Guillaume TI Product Biodiversity Footprint e A novel approach to compare the impact of products on biodiversity combining Life Cycle Assessment and Ecology SO JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION LA English DT Article DE Biodiversity; Life cycle assessment; Product impact; Land occupation ID FRAMEWORK; LAND; CONSERVATION AB Product impacts on ecosystem quality have long been addressed by the topdown approach known as Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). Impacts are most of the time assessed within the "biodiversity loss" damage category indicator. However, LCA methods do not cover the 5 drivers of biodiversity loss as identified by (Millenium Ecosystem Assessment, 2005) (MEA): only land occupation and transformation, pollution, and climate change are covered, while species overexploitation and invasive species are not. Besides, ecologists work on the ground to measure concrete impacts from given practices on biodiversity in specific areas for some parts of the value chain of the product (e.g. production of agricultural biomaterial). The Product Biodiversity Footprint (PBF) approach aims at bridging the gap between LCA and ecology. Its objective is to allow comparison of variants of a given product to support eco-design, addressing the five drivers of MEA. The methodology combines LCA and ecology current knowledge and organizes them towards practical indicators and representations for business decision. PBF has been tested in three business case studies. The one for L'Oreal presented herewith shows that the integration of ecological data enables to refine and complement LCA results. This method at product level is, to our knowledge, the first to address the five MEA drivers on biodiversity along the value chain, with a combination of quantitative and semi-quantitative indicators. Stemming from an LCA global framework and approach, ecology knowledge adds refinements that enable to distinguish between different anthropogenic practices and better informed decision making. (c) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Asselin, Anne] Sayari, 6 Rue Carnot, F-78112 Fourqueux, France. [Rabaud, Suzanne; Catalan, Caroline; Leveque, Benjamin; Neveux, Guillaume] I Care & Consult, 28 Rue 4 Septembre, F-75002 Paris, France. [L'Haridon, Jacques; Martz, Patricia] LOreal Res & Innovat, 1 Ave Eugene Schueller, F-93600 Aulnay Sous Bois, France. RP Asselin, A (reprint author), Sayari, 6 Rue Carnot, F-78112 Fourqueux, France. EM anne.asselin@sayari.co FU ADEME; L'Oreal Group; Avril Group; Kering Group; I Care Consult; Sayari FX This workwas supported by ADEME, L'Oreal Group, Avril Group, Kering Group, I Care & Consult and Sayari. NR 54 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0959-6526 EI 1879-1786 J9 J CLEAN PROD JI J. Clean Prod. PD MAR 1 PY 2020 VL 248 AR 119262 DI 10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.119262 PG 11 WC Green & Sustainable Science & Technology; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KC7PA UT WOS:000507364000092 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Cantonati, M Stevens, LE Segadelli, S Springer, AE Goldscheider, N Celico, F Filippini, M Ogata, K Gargini, A AF Cantonati, Marco Stevens, Lawrence E. Segadelli, Stefano Springer, Abraham E. Goldscheider, Nico Celico, Fulvio Filippini, Maria Ogata, Kei Gargini, Alessandro TI Ecohydrogeology: The interdisciplinary convergence needed to improve the study and stewardship of springs and other groundwater-dependent habitats, biota, and ecosystems SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE Ecohydrogeology; Ecosystem ecology; Freshwater; Hydrogeology; Groundwater-dependent ecosystem (GDE); Groundwater-surface water interaction; Management; Policy ID SP-NOV BACILLARIOPHYTA; NORTHERN APENNINES; SUBSURFACE CONTAMINATION; CHLORINATED ETHENES; OOCARDIUM-STRATUM; BENTHIC ALGAE; EASTERN ALPS; TREE CORE; WATER; CARBONATE AB This essay discusses the need for, advantages and challenges of integrating the scientific disciplines of ecology and hydrogeology in the study of groundwater-dependent ecosystems (GDEs). We provide a definition for ecohydrogeology as "a unifying, synthetic field of study integrating the approaches from the ecological and hydrogeological sciences in the study of groundwater (GW)-related ecosystems, habitats, and organisms to advance science, stewardship, and policy". We selected specific case studies to illustrate first how hydrogeological approaches can favour in-depth understanding and modelling of springs and crenobiontic (spring-dependent) species distribution, assemblage composition and organization. Second, this essay also examines how taxa and assemblages serve as bioassays and ecosystem indicators to infer hydrogeological aspects of GW flow and discharge, as well as quantitative and qualitative human impacts. We consider both types of features and parameters as ecohydrogeological indicators. The examples presented include topics related to springs and other GDE geomorphological types and classification, GW quality influences on crenobiont distribution, phreatophyte (= plant species the roots of which reach to and into the water table) ecophysiology in relation to water table depth, and flow variability in karstic systems, to nutrient dynamics in relation to dinoflagellate blooms in GDE montane lakes. Conceptual approaches that integrate ecology with hydrogeology include the investigation of GDE distribution and ecology, groundwater-surface water (GW-SW) interactions, and the development of the discipline of ecohydrology. Despite widespread applications, the scientific community still lacks a complete or effective integration of the principles described in the fields of groundwater hydrogeology with ecology, ecophysiology, and environmental biology. Springs are aquatic-wetland-riparian habitats that link shallow subsurface-surface processes and assemblages, often functioning as biodiversity hotspots, ecotones, keystone, and refugial ecosystems, for which coordination between studies of hydrogeology and ecology are both obvious and essential. Over the past century, springs ecosystem ecology has been largely ignored by hydrologists, and, conversely, hydrogeology has been under-emphasized by ecologists. Recent global recognition of the extraordinary biodiversity and socio-cultural significance of springs, coupled with their globally highly threatened conservation status, stimulated this inquiry into how to better integrate hydrogeology with springs ecosystem ecology. Acknowledging the highly threatened status of springs ecosystems around the world, there is an urgent need to integrate and invigorate the union of these disciplines into ecohydrogeology, the study of groundwater-dependent organisms, habitats, ecosystems, and management policy. C1 [Cantonati, Marco] MUSE Museo Sci, Limnol & Phycol Sect, Corso Lavoro & Sci 3, I-38123 Trento, Italy. [Stevens, Lawrence E.] Museum Northern Arizona, Springs Stewardship Inst, 3101 North Ft Valley Rd, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Segadelli, Stefano] Geol Seism & Soil Survey, Viale Fiera 8, I-40127 Bologna, Emilia Romagna, Italy. [Springer, Abraham E.] No Arizona Univ, Sch Earth & Sustainabil, 625 Knoles Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Goldscheider, Nico] KIT, Inst Appl Geosci AGW, Div Hydrogeol, Kaiserstr 12, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany. [Celico, Fulvio] Univ Parma, Dipartimento Sci Chim Vita & Sostenibilita Ambien, Parco Area Sci 11-A, I-43124 Parma, Italy. [Filippini, Maria; Gargini, Alessandro] Alma Mater Studiorum Univ Bologna, Dept Biol Geol & Environm Sci, Via Zamboni 67, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. [Ogata, Kei] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Fac Sci, Boelelaan 1085, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands. RP Cantonati, M (reprint author), MUSE Museo Sci, Limnol & Phycol Sect, Corso Lavoro & Sci 3, I-38123 Trento, Italy. EM marco.cantonati@muse.it RI ; Ogata, Kei/I-8150-2014 OI Cantonati, Marco/0000-0003-0179-3842; Ogata, Kei/0000-0002-4978-2854; segadelli, stefano/0000-0001-5260-6256 FU Museum of Northern Arizona Springs Stewardship Institute FX MC is grateful to MUSE PAT (Trento, Italy) for allowing him to write this paper as part of the MUSE research theme on spring habitats and GDEs. L.E. Stevens thanks the Museum of Northern Arizona Springs Stewardship Institute and S.W. Carothers for support in preparation of this manuscript. NR 165 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 11 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X EI 1872-7034 J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD MAR PY 2020 VL 110 AR 105803 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.105803 PG 15 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KC7VW UT WOS:000507381800007 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Giladi, I Ziv, Y AF Giladi, Itamar Ziv, Yaron TI The efficacy of species-area relationship to indicate fragmentation effects varies with grain size and with heterogeneity SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE Habitat fragmentation; Scale-dependence; Species density; Spill-over effect ID ISLAND BIOGEOGRAPHY; ENVIRONMENTAL HETEROGENEITY; HABITAT FRAGMENTATION; SPATIAL SCALE; ECHO PATTERN; DIVERSITY; RICHNESS; LANDSCAPE; BIODIVERSITY; CURVES AB Island species-area relationships (ISAR), relating fragment area with fragment-level species richness, and 'species density'-area relationships (D-SAR), relating fragment area with the number of species within a standardized sampling area (species density), are both commonly used as indicators of fragmentation effects on diversity. While numerous mechanisms underlie a positive ISAR, only a small subset of these underlies a positive D-SAR; thus, a positive D-SAR can be used as an indicator for the action of these particular mechanisms. Most frequently, a positive D-SAR is interpreted as a support for the habitat heterogeneity hypothesis of ISAR, which relates species richness with habitat heterogeneity. In this study, we examine two often-neglected aspects concerning the application of D-SAR as an indicator for fragmentation effects. First, the detection of a significant D-SAR, and thus its usefulness as an indicator for some underlying mechanisms, is grain-size dependent. Second, the derivation of D-SAR as an indicator of habitat heterogeneity is often implicitly based on a seldom tested assumption of a parallel within-island species-area relationship. We used a grain size-dependent hierarchical uniform sampling of plant species density and species richness in a fragmented semi-arid agroecosystem to address the following questions: a) Can fine-scale heterogeneity account for D-SAR in Mediterranean plant communities?; b) Do the detection of a significant D-SAR and its slope vary with grain size?; and c) Do within-fragment SARs have uniform slope or does the slope vary with fragment size? In a system of fragments with a relatively uniform habitat, we found a significant SAR, but a non-significant D-SAR regardless of the grain size, which varied from 0.0625 m(2) to 225 m(2). These results contrast with those from a heterogeneous fragmented system where both SAR and D-SAR were significant and where D-SAR was grain size-dependent. We also found that the slope of within-fragment SAR decreased with fragment size, in contradiction to their frequent depiction in the literature as being parallel. Our study supports the notion that D-SAR is mainly generated by the processes considered by the habitat heterogeneity hypothesis. Furthermore, it provides evidence that habitat heterogeneity may account for significant D-SAR even when within-fragment SAR do not share a common slope. Our study emphasizes the need for clarity in matching theoretical prediction with actual empirical measures, while studying fragmentation effects on biodiversity. C1 [Giladi, Itamar] Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Jacob Blaustein Inst Desert Res, Mitrani Dept Desert Ecol, IL-84990 Midreshet Ben Gurion, Israel. [Ziv, Yaron] Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Dept Life Sci, IL-84105 Beer Sheva, Israel. RP Giladi, I (reprint author), Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Jacob Blaustein Inst Desert Res, Mitrani Dept Desert Ecol, IL-84990 Midreshet Ben Gurion, Israel. EM itushgi@bgu.ac.il FU Nekudat Hen fund; Israel Science FoundationIsrael Science Foundation [834/15] FX The authors wish to thank Zehava Sigal, Amitay Cohen, Uri Ben-Yoseph and Roni Shachal for assistance in the field. This research was supported by the Nekudat Hen program of Yad Hanadiv foundation for promoting landscape and environmental values in agricultural areas. This is publication no. 1047 of the Mitrani Department of Desert Ecology. This publication was supported by the Nekudat Hen fund to IG and YZ, and by an Israel Science Foundation grant to IG (No. 834/15). We confirm that there are no conflicts of interest for any of the authors. We dedicate this paper to the memory of late Ouria Oren, a passionate botanist, who assisted with field work and plant identification. NR 76 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X EI 1872-7034 J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD MAR PY 2020 VL 110 AR 105904 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.105904 PG 8 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KC7VW UT WOS:000507381800066 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Gogina, M Zettler, ML Vanaverbeke, J Dannheim, J Van Hoey, G Desroy, N Wrede, A Reiss, H Degraer, S Van Lancker, V Foveau, A Braeckman, U Fiorentino, D Holstein, J Birchenough, SNR AF Gogina, Mayya Zettler, Michael L. Vanaverbeke, Jan Dannheim, Jennifer Van Hoey, Gert Desroy, Nicolas Wrede, Alexa Reiss, Henning Degraer, Steven Van Lancker, Vera Foveau, Aurelie Braeckman, Ulrike Fiorentino, Dario Holstein, Jan Birchenough, Silvana N. R. TI Interregional comparison of benthic ecosystem functioning: Community bioturbation potential in four regions along the NE Atlantic shelf SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE Macrofauna traits; Bioturbation index; Biogeographic comparison; Species distribution modelling; Biodiversity attributes; Ecosystem management ID NORTH-SEA; MARINE BIODIVERSITY; CLIMATE-CHANGE; BALTIC SEA; MACROFAUNA; DIVERSITY; SEDIMENTS; DYNAMICS; ESTUARY; HYPOXIA AB Bioturbation is one of the key mediators of biogeochemical processes in benthic habitats that can have a high contribution to seafloor functioning and benthic pelagic coupling in coastal waters. Previous studies on bioturbation were limited to point locations and extrapolations in single regions, but have not accounted for regional differences under changing environmental conditions, though there are indications that species contributions will differ across regions or with biotic and abiotic context. To capture those differences and assess global patterns and commonalities, mull-regional analyses are imperative. Here for the first time, bioturbation potential (BPc), a functional indicator of benthic community bioturbation, was estimated based on macrofauna data from four regions (i.e. German Baltic Sea, German North Sea, Belgian part of the North Sea and the Eastern English Channel). For each region and sediment type we identified key species contributing to BPc. Comparison within and across regions demonstrated regional differences, and both overlap and mismatch between species that are functionally important and those that are dominant in biomass. Knowledge on the functionally important species is crucial when management objectives include the protection of certain ecosystem functions. Available environmental layers were used as predictors to model the spatial distribution of BPc for each area and to explore the underlying drivers of differences. Random forest models were trained using as response variables either i) BPc initially calculated per station; or ii) BPp - the species-specific contribution to BPc - for key species (with subsequent summation of their predicted full-coverage distributions to Bp(c)). Maps of BPc distribution predicted by random forest were compared with those generated using natural neighbour interpolation. Overall, derived BPc values increased towards the German parts of the North and Baltic Seas. The relevance of BPc for ecosystem processes and functions, however, vary with biotic and abiotic settings. Results revealed a strong association of BPc with species diversity and region, but less with sediment grain size. A large range of BPc occurred when species richness was low. This suggests that the provisioning of high bioturbation activity is possible also under low diversity, where it is vulnerable due to reduced resilience. The executed mull-regional analysis allowed identifying regional differences in performance of macrofauna, suggesting the need for region-specific conservation and management strategies. C1 [Gogina, Mayya; Zettler, Michael L.] Leibniz Inst Balt Sea Res, Seestr 15, D-18119 Rostock, Germany. [Vanaverbeke, Jan; Degraer, Steven; Van Lancker, Vera] Royal Belgian Inst Nat Sci, Operat Directorate Nat Environm, Vautierstr 29, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium. [Dannheim, Jennifer; Wrede, Alexa; Fiorentino, Dario] Helmholtz Ctr Polar & Marine Res, Alfred Wegener Inst, POB 120161, D-27570 Bremerhaven, Germany. [Dannheim, Jennifer; Wrede, Alexa; Fiorentino, Dario] Carl von Ossietzky Univ Oldenburg, HIFMB, Ammerlander Heerstr 231, D-26129 Oldenburg, Germany. [Van Hoey, Gert] Flanders Res Inst Agr Fishery & Food, Ankerstr 1, B-8400 Oostende, Belgium. [Desroy, Nicolas; Foveau, Aurelie] IFREMER, Lab Environm & Ressources Bretagne Nord, 38 Rue Port Blanc, F-35800 Dinard, France. [Reiss, Henning] Nord Univ, Fac Biosci & Aquaculture, N-8049 Bodo, Norway. [Braeckman, Ulrike] Univ Ghent, Marine Biol Res Grp, Krijgslaan 281-S8, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. [Holstein, Jan] Focke & Co, Siemensstr 19, D-27283 Verden, Germany. [Birchenough, Silvana N. R.] CEFAS Lowestoft Lab, Pakefield Rd, Lowestoft NR33 0HT, Suffolk, England. RP Gogina, M (reprint author), Leibniz Inst Balt Sea Res, Seestr 15, D-18119 Rostock, Germany. EM mayya.gogina@io-warnemuende.de FU German Federal Ministry for Education and Research KUNO Project SECOS-Synthese [03F0738]; BONUS ECOMAP project - BONUS (Art 185); BELSPOBelgian Federal Science Policy Office [BR/154/A1/Face-it]; Research Foundation - Flanders (FWO)FWO [1201720N] FX This publication was initiated and facilitated by the Benthos Ecology Working Group (BEWG), which is an expert group of the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES). MG was financed by German Federal Ministry for Education and Research KUNO Project SECOS-Synthese (03F0738) and the BONUS ECOMAP project supported by BONUS (Art 185) at different stages of work on this manuscript. The BENS work is framed within the Face-it project (Functional biodiversity in a changing sedimentary environment: implications for biogeochemistry and food webs in a managerial setting), financed by BELSPO (BR/154/A1/Face-it). U.B. is a senior postdoctoral fellow at the Research Foundation - Flanders (FWO; Grant No. 1201720N). NR 107 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 12 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X EI 1872-7034 J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD MAR PY 2020 VL 110 AR 105945 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.105945 PG 17 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KC7VW UT WOS:000507381800092 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Gosselin, F Larrieu, L AF Gosselin, Frederic Larrieu, Laurent TI Developing and using statistical tools to estimate observer effect for ordered class data: The case of the IBP (Index of Biodiversity Potential) SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE Environmental assessment; Data quality; Observer variation; Observer bias; Hierarchical model; Bayesian analysis ID VEGETATION; RELIABILITY; COVER; BIAS AB Ecological indicators based on measurements made by individual observers often include extra noise associated with the observer herself (observer effect). The literature on this subject has used a variety of analytical tools to account for this variation, but few analyses have used a hierarchical statistical model approach that can account for the variation and bias among observers on both the mean and variance of the data. We used the Index of Biodiversity Potential (IBP), a rapid habitat assessment method widely used in France, in a case study to propose latent variable hierarchical models to assess the impact of observer effect while accounting for other sources of variation. For seven of the ten factors constituting the IBP, we used a sequential model selection procedure to analyze observers' scores, then analyzed the final models. The structure of the best models varied according to the related factor. Our analyses confirm: (i) that the expert reference observer provided lower variability in his observations than did the other observers for all factors except the one related to standing deadwood; (ii) that all but two factors showed at least a moderate level of systematic random observer variations; (iii) that the absence of leaves in winter led to increased variations when tree-species identification was required; and (iv) that evaluation of stand openness was highly variable and should therefore be assessed by an expert. Overall, the data were coherent with our best models from various points of view for which we diagnosed goodness-of-fit. Our work is a further illustration of the interest of adopting fully parametric statistical modelling of observer-based variations. C1 [Gosselin, Frederic] Irstea, UR EFNO, F-45290 Domain Des Barnes, Nogent Sur Vern, France. [Larrieu, Laurent] Univ Toulouse, INRA, DYNAFOR, F-31320 Castanet Tolosan, France. [Larrieu, Laurent] CRPF Occitanie, Antenne Tarbes, Pl Foirail, F-65000 Tarbes, France. RP Gosselin, F (reprint author), Irstea, UR EFNO, F-45290 Domain Des Barnes, Nogent Sur Vern, France. EM frederic.gosselin@irstea.fr; laurent.larrieu@inra.fr FU French Ministry for the Ecological and Inclusive Transition through the program "Biodiversite, Gestion Forestiere et Politiques Publiques'' (BGF) [GNB 10-MBGD-BGF-1-CVS-092, CHORUS 2100 214 651]; DEB-Irstea Agreement ("GNB-Valo" action); programme RD de l'IBP FX We warmly thank the Lycee Agricole du Chesnoy - Antenne des Barres -and especially the teachers (M. Guibert, J.C.Tandy & D. Giron) whose participation made this work possible. We also thank our Irstea and CNPF colleagues for their participation in the process (P. Gonin, F. Archaux, C. Bouget, A. N'Diaye, Y. Paillet, C. Pernot) and V. Moore who reviewed the English manuscript. We finally thank two anonymous reviewers for their help to improve the manuscript. This work was funded by the French Ministry for the Ecological and Inclusive Transition through the program "Biodiversite, Gestion Forestiere et Politiques Publiques'' (BGF), agreement GNB 10-MBGD-BGF-1-CVS-092, no. CHORUS 2100 214 651), the DEB-Irstea Agreement ("GNB-Valo" action) and the programme R&D de l'IBP. NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X EI 1872-7034 J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD MAR PY 2020 VL 110 AR 105884 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.105884 PG 10 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KC7VW UT WOS:000507381800047 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Jiang, R Wang, ME Chen, WP Li, XZ Balseiro-Romero, M AF Jiang, Rong Wang, Meie Chen, Weiping Li, Xuzhi Balseiro-Romero, Maria TI Changes in the integrated functional stability of microbial community under chemical stresses and the impacting factors in field soils SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE Chemical stress; Soil microbial community composition; Soil microbial community function; Stability; Biodiversity ID CARBON/NITROGEN RATIO; ENZYME-ACTIVITY; HEAVY-METALS; LAND-USE; DIVERSITY; RESILIENCE; RESISTANCE; BIODIVERSITY; SIDURON; GRADIENT AB The functional stability (FS) of soil microbial communities contributes in a fundamental way to maintaining soil ecosystem functioning and services, when environmental disturbances, e.g. contamination arise. While, the mechanisms enabling soil microbial communities to remain stable under stresses are not clear. Thus, this work aims at investigating changes in integrated microbial FS under long-term stress of heavy metals (FSHM) and subsequent herbicide siduron (FSsid). A second objective is to determine which factors affect the FS of microbial communities. The results show that the overall function, alpha diversity, and composition of microbial communities are affected significantly by the presence of heavy metals and herbicide siduron. The loss of biodiversity induced by heavy metal does not appear to impair the functions of microbial communities or their functional stability in response to the additional stress of siduron. Whereas, the change of microbial community composition, e.g., the decrease of the gram positive/gram negative ratio triggered by the adaption and tolerance process to the pre-disturbance of heavy metals, is the central factor governing FS. Soil organic matter content, the concentration of heavy metals and the C/N value are the dominant abiotic factors affecting FS through direct effect on microbial activities involved in functional processes and indirect effect on microbial community composition. Our study highlights that the structural composition of soil microbial community is more important than the diversity of microbial species to explain the functional stability of microbial communities under chemical stresses, and that a number of soil properties and the disturbance history also play a decisive role. Thus, the functional stability of soil microbial community can be used as a feasible and pragmatic indicator to assess the overarching responses to environmental stresses at ecological system level. C1 [Jiang, Rong; Wang, Meie; Chen, Weiping] Chinese Acad Sci, Res Ctr Ecoenvironm Sci, State Key Lab Urban & Reg Ecol, Beijing 100085, Peoples R China. [Jiang, Rong] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China. [Balseiro-Romero, Maria] Univ Paris Saclay, AgroParisTech, UMR ECOSYS, Ave Lucien Bretignieres, F-78850 Thiverval Grignon, France. [Balseiro-Romero, Maria] Univ Santiago Compostela, Dept Soil Sci & Agr Chem, Santiago De Compostela 15782, Spain. [Li, Xuzhi] Nanjing Inst Environm Sci, State Environm Protect Key Lab Soil Environm Mana, Minist Ecol & Environm, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. RP Wang, ME (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Res Ctr Ecoenvironm Sci, State Key Lab Urban & Reg Ecol, Beijing 100085, Peoples R China. EM mewang@rcees.ac.cn FU National Key R&D Program of China [2018YFC1800505]; Special Foundation of the State Key Lab of Urban and Regional Ecology FX We gratefully acknowledge the financial support provided by the National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2018YFC1800505) and the Special Foundation of the State Key Lab of Urban and Regional Ecology. We thank Prof. Philippe Baveye's for English language editing. NR 100 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X EI 1872-7034 J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD MAR PY 2020 VL 110 AR 105919 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.105919 PG 10 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KC7VW UT WOS:000507381800069 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Jiang, XM Pan, BZ Sun, ZW Cao, L Lu, Y AF Jiang, Xiaoming Pan, Baozhu Sun, Zhiwei Cao, Liang Lu, Yan TI Application of taxonomic distinctness indices of fish assemblages for assessing effects of river-lake disconnection and eutrophication in floodplain lakes SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE Loss of hydrological connectivity; Water eutrophication; Freshwater fishes; Taxonomic distinctness index; Randomization test; Large river floodplain ID FRESH-WATER BIODIVERSITY; PHYLOGENETIC DIVERSITY; ANTHROPOGENIC IMPACTS; PATTERNS; THREATS; CONSERVATION; EXTIRPATIONS; RESPONSES; INTRODUCTIONS; DEGRADATION AB The taxonomic distinctness (TD) indices have been recommended as robust measures for detecting human disturbances, due to their appealing properties such as independence of sampling settings and statistical framework for discriminating disturbed habitats by randomization test. Here we test the application of two widely-used TD indices, namely average taxonomic distinctness (Delta(+)) and variation in taxonomic distinctness (Lambda(+)), for assessing the effects of anthropogenic impacts (loss of river-lake connectivity and deterioration of water quality) based on the presence/absence data of fish assemblages from the floodplain lakes in the Yangtze River Basin, China. The river-disconnected lakes showed significantly lower Delta(+) values than connected lakes, and the Delta(+) values slightly decreased with increasing water eutrophication. Whereas no significant difference was detected for Lambda(+) values of fish assemblages among lake groups. The Delta(+) funnel plot can relatively well discriminate anthropogenically disturbed lakes, identifying about half of the disconnected lakes as disturbed, and the percentage of lakes identified as disturbed increased with increasing deterioration of water quality. Furthermore, we found species richness was highly related to lake area but not to nutrient levels. On the contrary, the Delta(+) was independent of lake area and responded significantly to water quality gradients, implying that the index is comparable among lakes with different surface area. In summary, the Delta(+) index of fish assemblages showed advantages over species richness for assessing anthropogenic effects in the Yangtze floodplain lakes. Therefore, the Delta(+) of fish assemblages could be considered as a potential metric for lake bioassessment and management in the studied region in particular and for other river floodplains in general. C1 [Jiang, Xiaoming; Pan, Baozhu; Sun, Zhiwei] Xian Univ Technol, State Key Lab Ecohydraul Northwest Arid Reg China, Xian 710048, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Cao, Liang] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Hydrobiol, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China. [Lu, Yan] Nanjing Hydraul Res Inst, Nanjing 210029, Peoples R China. RP Cao, L (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Hydrobiol, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China. EM caoliang0205@ihb.ac.cn FU National Key Research and Development Program of China [2016YFC0402108]; National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [31770460, 51622901]; Program for Biodiversity Protection [2017HB2096001006] FX This work was financially supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China (NO. 2016YFC0402108), National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 31770460, 51622901) and the Program for Biodiversity Protection (No. 2017HB2096001006). We thank Dr. Xingliang Meng of Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences for help in fish data collection. Special thanks are given to the editor and two anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments on the manuscripts. NR 61 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X EI 1872-7034 J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD MAR PY 2020 VL 110 AR 105955 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.105955 PG 8 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KC7VW UT WOS:000507381800101 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Kiffner, C Binzen, G Cunningham, L Jones, M Spruiell, F Kioko, J AF Kiffner, Christian Binzen, Greta Cunningham, Lucie Jones, Madison Spruiell, Francesca Kioko, John TI Wildlife population trends as indicators of protected area effectiveness in northern Tanzania SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE Conservation effectiveness; Monitoring; Protected areas; Population dynamics; Ungulates; Wildlife management ID KATAVI NATIONAL-PARK; SPECIES RICHNESS; LARGE HERBIVORES; MARA REGION; CONSERVATION; EXTINCTION; DENSITY; MANAGEMENT; DYNAMICS; RAINFALL AB Protected areas are the cornerstone of biodiversity conservation, yet the relative effectiveness of different conservation models is often unknown. Here, we describe seasonal population densities and associated annual population changes of ten wildlife species (elephant, giraffe, zebra, wildebeest, waterbuck, warthog, Grant's gazelle, impala, Thomson's gazelle, and Kirk's dik-dik) in four protected areas in northern Tanzania over eight years and test two hypotheses: (1) annual wildlife population changes are positively correlated with conservation status; and, (2) relationships between annual population changes and protected area status are mediated by species' body mass. We carried out wildlife surveys from late 2011 to the end of 2018 and estimated wildlife densities in a line distance sampling framework. The majority of species occurred at high densities in fully protected areas, and larger-bodied species occurred at low densities or were absent in the least protected area. We estimated annual species- and area-specific population changes with generalized linear mixed effects that accounted for seasonal variation in this ecosystem. Using mull-model comparisons, we did not find evidence that annual population changes were correlated with body mass. However, species- and area-specific population changes appeared to vary by species and area, but were not consistently associated with protection status. Wildlife populations in Tarangire National Park and two human-dominated areas showed mainly stable or positive population trends, whereas wildlife populations in Lake Manyara National Park appeared to decline during the study period. This ecosystem- and long-term monitoring indicates apparent context-dependent differences in protected area performance within one ecosystem and exemplifies the need for, and challenges of, long-term monitoring in protected areas to guide effective conservation. C1 [Kiffner, Christian; Kioko, John] Ctr Wildlife Management Studies, Sch Field Studies, POB 304, Karatu, Tanzania. [Binzen, Greta] Skidmore Coll, Saratoga Springs, NY 12866 USA. [Cunningham, Lucie] Colby Coll, Waterville, ME 04901 USA. [Jones, Madison] Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 98146 USA. [Spruiell, Francesca] Univ San Diego, San Diego, CA 92110 USA. RP Kiffner, C (reprint author), Ctr Wildlife Management Studies, Sch Field Studies, POB 304, Karatu, Tanzania. EM ckiffne@gwdg.de; mbinzen@skidmore.edu; jkioko@fieldstudies.org NR 94 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 12 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X EI 1872-7034 J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD MAR PY 2020 VL 110 AR 105903 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.105903 PG 10 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KC7VW UT WOS:000507381800065 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Li, T Luo, P Luo, C Yang, H Li, YJ Zuo, DD Xiong, QL Mo, L Mu, CX Gu, XD Zhou, SQ Huang, JY Li, HL Wu, SJ Cao, WQ Zhang, YB Wang, MJ Li, JL Liu, Y Gou, PJ Zhu, ZF Wang, DY Liang, Y Bai, S Zou, Y AF Li, Ting Luo, Peng Luo, Chuan Yang, Hao Li, Yuejiao Zuo, Dandan Xiong, Qinli Mo, Li Mu, Chengxiang Gu, Xiaodong Zhou, Shiqiang Huang, Jinyan Li, Honglin Wu, Sujuan Cao, Weiqing Zhang, Yubo Wang, Mengjun Li, Jiali Liu, Yin Gou, Peijun Zhu, Zhongfu Wang, Dayong Liang, Yin Bai, Song Zou, Yi TI Long-term empirical monitoring indicates the tolerance of the giant panda habitat to climate change under contemporary conservation policies SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE Adaptive capacity and strategies; Bamboo; Biotic interaction; Plant community; Plant functional groups; Plant functional traits ID FUNCTIONAL COMPOSITION; EXTINCTION RISK; BIODIVERSITY; RESPONSES; RESISTANCE; DIVERSITY; NETWORKS; GRADIENT; GROWTH; SHIFTS AB Climate change has been predicted as a major threat to giant panda habitat. While modelling prediction of the impact of climate change on habitat quality may overlook or underestimate biological interactions and adaptations, long-term monitoring is therefore essential approach to see the real situation. We analyzed the changes in plant composition and structure of 107 long-term monitoring plots in the giant panda habitat over four decades, and found that 1) the climate has become warmer and drier in the overall giant panda habitat; 2) plant species richness, different functional groups and dominant trees species abundance have kept relatively stable without human interference, and plant community canopy has not changed significantly; 3) the abundance of the giant panda's main food, bamboo, has increased; 4) specific leaf area had a significant relationship with dominant plant species abundance over time, which implies that plant functional traits would be potential indicators of assessing the impacts of climate change on habitat quality. Our study suggests that threats of climate change to giant panda habitat might be mitigated by contemporary conservation, highlighting the importance long-term protection of the natural processes and the control of human disturbances in the conservation of giant panda and other endangered animal species. C1 [Li, Ting; Luo, Peng; Luo, Chuan; Yang, Hao; Li, Yuejiao; Zuo, Dandan; Xiong, Qinli; Mu, Chengxiang; Li, Honglin; Wu, Sujuan] Chinese Acad Sci, Chengdu Inst Biol, CAS Key Lab Mt Ecol Restorat & Bioresource Utiliz, Chengdu 610041, Peoples R China. [Li, Ting; Luo, Peng; Luo, Chuan; Yang, Hao; Li, Yuejiao; Zuo, Dandan; Xiong, Qinli; Mu, Chengxiang; Li, Honglin; Wu, Sujuan] Chinese Acad Sci, Chengdu Inst Biol, Ecol Restorat Biodivers Conservat Key Lab Sichuan, Chengdu 610041, Peoples R China. [Li, Ting; Luo, Peng; Luo, Chuan; Zuo, Dandan; Mu, Chengxiang; Li, Honglin; Wu, Sujuan] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China. [Mo, Li] Chengdu Res Base Giant Panda Breeding, Sichuan Key Lab Conservat Biol Endangered Wildlif, Chengdu 610041, Peoples R China. [Gu, Xiaodong] Forestry Dept Sichuan Prov, Wildlife Protect Div, Chengdu 610041, Peoples R China. [Zhou, Shiqiang; Huang, Jinyan] China Conservat & Res Ctr Giant Panda, Key Lab, State Forestry & Grassland Adm Conservat Biol Rar, Dujiangyan 611830, Peoples R China. [Cao, Weiqing] State Forestry Farm, Moxi Town 626102, Sichuan, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Yubo] Beijing Forestry Univ, Coll Forestry, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. [Wang, Mengjun] State Forestry Adm, Kunming Survey & Design Inst, Kunming 650216, Yunnan, Peoples R China. [Li, Jiali] Shikefeng Chem Ind Co Ltd, Linyi 276000, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Liu, Yin; Gou, Peijun] Xiaojin Cty Forestry Bur, Aba 624200, Sichuan, Peoples R China. [Zhu, Zhongfu] Adm Jiuzhaigou Natl Nat Reserve Sichuan, Zhangzha Town 623400, Peoples R China. [Wang, Dayong] Sichuan Yele Natl Nat Reserve, Guangyuan 615699, Sichuan, Peoples R China. [Liang, Yin; Bai, Song] Sichuan Meigu Dafengding Natl Nat Reserve Adm, Meigu 616450, Sichuan, Peoples R China. [Zou, Yi] Xian Jiaotong Liverpool Univ, Dept Hlth & Environm Sci, Suzhou 215123, Peoples R China. RP Luo, P (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Chengdu Inst Biol, CAS Key Lab Mt Ecol Restorat & Bioresource Utiliz, Chengdu 610041, Peoples R China.; Luo, P (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Chengdu Inst Biol, Ecol Restorat Biodivers Conservat Key Lab Sichuan, Chengdu 610041, Peoples R China.; Luo, P (reprint author), Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China. EM luopeng@cib.ac.cn RI Xiong, Qinli/Y-7212-2018 OI Xiong, Qinli/0000-0003-3827-3437 FU Demonstration of Monitoring and Protection of Important Species Habitat [2016YFC0503305]; Management Framework and Capability Building for Development of Ya'an Giant Panda National Park [NOR/15/301/16/002] FX This study was supported by the Demonstration of Monitoring and Protection of Important Species Habitat (2016YFC0503305) and the Management Framework and Capability Building for Development of Ya'an Giant Panda National Park (NOR/15/301/16/002). We thank the China Conservation and Research Center for the Giant Panda, the Sichuan Forestry Investigation and Design Institute, and the Forestry Department of Sichuan Province for providing the climate data and field plant data. Pu Tao provided the photo of the forest in 1986. We thank Yin Kaipu for helping with the search for historical data. We also thank Zhang Jinlong, Lai Jiangshan, and Yang Jiang from the Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences for their valuable discussions on the statistical analyses. NR 50 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 27 U2 27 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X EI 1872-7034 J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD MAR PY 2020 VL 110 AR 105886 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.105886 PG 8 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KC7VW UT WOS:000507381800049 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Liu, P Xu, SL Lin, JH Li, HM Lin, QQ Han, BP AF Liu, Ping Xu, Shaolin Lin, Jianhao Li, Huiming Lin, Qiuqi Han, Bo-Ping TI Urbanization increases biotic homogenization of zooplankton communities in tropical reservoirs SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE Urbanization; Zooplankton; Homogenization; Spatial structure; Seasonal dynamics; Reservoir ID METACOMMUNITY STRUCTURE; SPECIES RICHNESS; CRUSTACEAN ZOOPLANKTON; AQUATIC BIODIVERSITY; BETA DIVERSITY; URBAN; LAKE; DISPERSAL; COMPONENTS; POPULATION AB Under rapid urbanization, many reservoirs built in rural areas are being embraced into by nearby expanding cities. Anthropogenic activities in urban areas can strongly affect aquatic biodiversity by modifying aquatic landscape and reduce habitat heterogeneity. As one of the key components in reservoir ecosystems, zooplankton is sensitive to such habitat changes. Within the metacommunity framework, we predict that in an urbanized landscape: (1) species sorting becomes the most important process in determining the variation of zooplankton communities; (2) urbanization will result in low beta-diversity and biotic homogenization of zooplankton communities and such homogenization will not significantly vary across time. To test these predictions, we investigated twenty five permanent reservoirs over three hydrological seasons in a well-developed and rapidly expanding city in tropical China. The reservoirs were grouped into two location classes and three storage size classes. Our results suggested that the structure of zooplankton communities were strongly homogenized in the studied urban reservoirs as being reflected in the low beta-diversity between the two location classes. However, high beta-diversity was found within each storage size class, mainly derived from species turnover (beta(sim)). The high beta-diversity indicated that the variation of zooplankton community is a consequence of environmental heterogeneity within each storage size class. Variation partitioning revealed a weak spatial structure for zooplankton communities at the large scale, while only Chla as an indicator of food supply significantly explained high community variation among reservoirs in the dry season, but not in wet and transition seasons despite apparent species seasonal succession. C1 [Liu, Ping; Xu, Shaolin; Lin, Jianhao; Li, Huiming; Lin, Qiuqi; Han, Bo-Ping] Jinan Univ, Dept Ecol, Guangzhou 510632, Peoples R China. RP Han, BP (reprint author), Jinan Univ, Dept Ecol, Guangzhou 510632, Peoples R China. EM tbphan@jnu.edu.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [31670460]; Science and Technology Project of Guangdong Province, China [2015B020235007] FX This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31670460) and the Science and Technology Project of Guangdong Province, China (No. 2015B020235007). We thank all colleagues and students for their help with sampling and monitoring in the field. We thank Dr. Ken Chan from Australia for commenting on the manuscript. NR 97 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X EI 1872-7034 J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD MAR PY 2020 VL 110 AR 105899 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.105899 PG 10 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KC7VW UT WOS:000507381800062 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Londe, V Farah, FT Rodrigues, RR Martins, FR AF Londe, Vinicius Farah, Fabiano Turini Rodrigues, Ricardo Ribeiro Martins, Fernando Roberto TI Reference and comparison values for ecological indicators in assessing restoration areas in the Atlantic Forest SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE Ecological restoration; Hemeroby; Monitoring; Naturalness; Reference ecosystems ID BIODIVERSITY; REGENERATION; COMMUNITIES; NATURALNESS; PATTERNS AB Information on reference values is one of the great demands in ecological restoration, as they enable evaluating the restoration progress and taking adaptive management measures. Here we aimed to: (i) verify whether ecological indicators are influenced by the area of reference ecosystems (mature fragments); (ii) determine reference and comparison values for comparing the restoration progress; and (iii) check how long restoration forests take to reach naturalness values that are like the reference ecosystems (and can therefore be considered restored). We used the Brazilian Atlantic Forest as an object of study and compilated information about 967 secondary, mature and restoration forests in a wide geographical extension. In total, 14 ecological indicators were assessed in a sampling area of 1,928,024 m(2). We used simple linear regression to analyze the data and descriptive statistics for creating the reference and comparison values. We found that ecological indicators were not related to the area of mature fragments. Thus, they are useful for monitoring reference ecosystems of different sizes, and more attention can be given to the degree of conservation of the ecosystems. We defined intermediate and final reference values from secondary and mature forests, respectively. We also established comparison values for several restoration stages using data of planting, assisted and unassisted restoration areas. At the same time, we applied the concept of naturalness in restoration and obtained a continuum of naturalness, which was very useful for tracking the restoration progress. With the reference and comparison values determined, restoration practitioners can evaluate their restoration areas by comparing their monitoring results with ours. Moreover, by using the naturalness concept we verified that indicators can have different restoration trajectories. Some indicators reached similar naturalness levels as references from the beginning of restoration, but others required between one and two decades to recover. This study is the first to create evaluation criteria for forest restoration based on a large data set, and we hope that similar studies can be developed in other biomes. C1 [Londe, Vinicius; Martins, Fernando Roberto] Univ Campinas UNICAMP, Inst Biol, Ecol Grad Course, POB 6109, BR-13083970 Campinas, SP, Brazil. [Farah, Fabiano Turini; Rodrigues, Ricardo Ribeiro] Univ Sao Paulo ESALQ USP, Luiz de Queiroz Sch Agr, Dept Biol Sci, Lab Ecol & Forest Restorat, Av Padua Dias 11, BR-13418260 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Martins, Fernando Roberto] Univ Campinas UNICAMP, Inst Biol, Dept Plant Biol, POB 6109, BR-13083970 Campinas, SP, Brazil. RP Londe, V (reprint author), Univ Campinas UNICAMP, Inst Biol, Ecol Grad Course, POB 6109, BR-13083970 Campinas, SP, Brazil. EM vlonde.ecologia@gmail.com RI Londe, Vinicius/B-4462-2015 OI Londe, Vinicius/0000-0001-9588-3384 FU Brazilian Council of Technological and Scientific Development (CNPq)National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) [142333/2015-8, 301926/2013-1, 561897/2010-7]; Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP)Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) [2013/50718-5, 1999/09635-0] FX This study was funded by the Brazilian Council of Technological and Scientific Development (CNPq) (grant numbers 142333/2015-8, 301926/2013-1 and 561897/2010-7) and by the Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) (grant numbers 2013/50718-5 and 1999/09635-0). NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X EI 1872-7034 J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD MAR PY 2020 VL 110 AR 105928 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.105928 PG 9 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KC7VW UT WOS:000507381800078 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Mesbahi, G Michelot-Antalik, A Goulnik, J Plantureux, S AF Mesbahi, Geoffrey Michelot-Antalik, Alice Goulnik, Jeremie Plantureux, Sylvain TI Permanent grassland classifications predict agronomic and environmental characteristics well, but not ecological characteristics SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE Phytosociology; Agricultural type; Functional type; Management; Biodiversity; Typology ID PLANT-SPECIES DIVERSITY; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; INDICATOR VALUES; NUTRITIVE-VALUE; BIODIVERSITY; CONSERVATION; PRODUCTIVITY; DISTURBANCE; PHENOLOGY; PASTURES AB Permanent grasslands produce highly diverse ecosystem goods and services, which need to be easily assessed by decision makers. Naturalists and agronomists classify grasslands in different ways to predict ecological, agronomic and environmental characteristics of the grasslands. However, few studies have compared the prediction abilities of these different classifications using the same botanical releves, and none has explored the utility of combining classifications. In this study, we attributed a grassland class from each of three classifications (phytosociological, agronomic and functional) to 250 permanent grasslands in north-eastern France to predict 16 characteristics: nine ecological, three agronomic and four environmental. We used statistical model selection to identify the classification or combination of classifications that best predicted each characteristic. Our results showed great prediction ability of agronomic classification, which created the best models for predicting agronomic (yield) and environmental (management, elevation) characteristics. We also identified a strong prediction ability of combining two or all three classifications to predict seven other grassland characteristics. However, grassland classifications did not predict most of the ecological characteristics well. We can assume that phytosociological classification, despite its mainstream use, predicts grassland characteristics less well than agronomic classification. We recommend combining grassland classifications to improve rapid prediction abilities. This study provides new knowledge useful for developing grassland classifications which meet the needs of agronomists and naturalists. C1 [Mesbahi, Geoffrey; Michelot-Antalik, Alice; Goulnik, Jeremie; Plantureux, Sylvain] Univ Lorraine, LAE, INRA, F-54000 Nancy, France. [Mesbahi, Geoffrey] Parc Nat Reg Vosges Nord, F-67290 La Petite Pierre, France. RP Mesbahi, G (reprint author), Univ Lorraine, LAE, INRA, F-54000 Nancy, France. EM geoffrey.mesbahi@gmail.com FU European Regional Development FundEuropean Union (EU); Agence de l'eau Rhin-Meuse; Fonds National d'Amenagement et de Developpement du Territoire Massif des Vosges; Region Grand-EstRegion Grand-Est FX The authors acknowledge the Northern Vosges Regional Nature Park, the Regional Natural Park Ballons des Vosges and the Franche-Comte National Botanical Conservatory for their contribution to the botanical releves and to the development of agronomic and phytosociological classifications. The authors also gratefully thank Melissa Berthet, Christof Neumann and Jean Villerd for their statistical support. This project was funded by the European Regional Development Fund, the Agence de l'eau Rhin-Meuse, the Fonds National d'Amenagement et de Developpement du Territoire Massif des Vosges and the Region Grand-Est. NR 96 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X EI 1872-7034 J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD MAR PY 2020 VL 110 AR 105956 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.105956 PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KC7VW UT WOS:000507381800102 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Parisi, F Frate, L Lombardi, F Tognetti, R Campanaro, A Biscaccianti, AB Marchetti, M AF Parisi, Francesco Frate, Ludovico Lombardi, Fabio Tognetti, Roberto Campanaro, Alessandro Biscaccianti, Alessandro Bruno Marchetti, Marco TI Diversity patterns of Coleoptera and saproxylic communities in unmanaged forests of Mediterranean mountains SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE Apennine; Beetle diversity; Forest structure; Deadwood; Heterogeneity; Microhabitat ID DEAD WOOD; MANAGEMENT RECOMMENDATIONS; OSMODERMA-EREMITA; EUROPEAN FORESTS; HERMIT BEETLES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; BEECH FORESTS; BIODIVERSITY; MICROHABITATS; EXTRAPOLATION AB Beetle communities are excellent indicators to monitor biodiversity in forest environments. The most common indicators monitored for assessing the effectiveness of the sustainable forest management measures are deadwood amount, forest structure, and microhabitat traits. In Mediterranean mountain forests, however, the relationships between stand-level attributes and species diversity indicators have been still poorly studied. We have investigated the patterns of species diversity of beetle communities in relation to stand structural traits in two unmanaged forests located in central Apennines (Italy). The two forest stands are characterized by different tree species composition and management history. The experimental area extends over approximately 300 ha, within which 50 circular plots of 530 m(2) were sampled for each studied forest. Coleoptera were collected using window flight traps and emergence traps on decaying deadwood. We evaluated i) the differences in species diversity (richness, Shannon diversity and Simpson diversity) between the two forests and ii) the beetle Shannon diversity and composition in relation to selected forest variables, with a particular focus on saproxylic species. Principal Component Analysis followed by rarefaction analysis were applied to examine differences in species diversity. Within each forest stand, a Boosted Regression Tree model and a Non-Metric Multidimensional Scaling were performed to relate the species Shannon diversity and community assemblages to the forest structural attributes. Results revealed how these forest structural attributes have a fundamental role in influencing the diversity of Coleoptera and their assemblages. Forest vertical heterogeneity, snag volume and tree dominance were the most important variables for saproxylic assemblages in these Mediterranean mountain forests, while the amount of coarse woody debris positively affected the overall beetle diversity and that of saproxylic species. At stand level, differences in species diversity were mainly driven by tree composition, probably indicating that food resources, determined by tree species, are of primary importance in determining species assemblages and beetle diversity in these forests; while at plot level, we found that the variables, which drove species composition and beetle diversity, varied between the two forests. This study provides the basis for the integration of independent biodiversity indicators in sustainable solutions for the conservation of unmanaged forests in Mediterranean mountain systems. C1 [Parisi, Francesco; Tognetti, Roberto] Univ Molise, Dipartimento Agr Ambiente & Alimenti, Via De Santis, I-86100 Campobasso, Italy. [Parisi, Francesco] Univ Firenze, GeoLAB Lab Geomat Forestale, Dipartimento Sci & Tecnol Agr Alimentari Ambienta, Via San Bonaventura 13, I-50145 Florence, Italy. [Frate, Ludovico; Marchetti, Marco] Univ Molise, Dipartimento Biosci & Terr, I-86090 Isernia, Pesche, Italy. [Lombardi, Fabio] Univ Mediterranea Reggio Calabria, Dipartimento Agr, I-89122 Reggio Di Calabria, Italy. [Tognetti, Roberto] Edmund Mach Fdn, EFI Project Ctr Mt Forests MOUNTFOR, I-38010 San Michele All Adige, Italy. [Campanaro, Alessandro] Consiglio Ric Agr & Anal Econ Agr Difesa & Certif, Via Lanciola 12-A, I-50125 Florence, Italy. [Biscaccianti, Alessandro Bruno] Univ Mediterranea Reggio Calabria, Lab Entomol & Ecol Appl, Dipartimento PAU, I-89100 Reggio Di Calabria, Italy. RP Frate, L (reprint author), Univ Molise, Dipartimento Biosci & Terr, I-86090 Isernia, Pesche, Italy. EM frateludovico@gmail.com FU EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation HORIZON 2020 [CA15226] FX The authors thank the specialists of the various taxonomic groups: Paolo Audisio (Nitidulidae), Maurizio Biondi (Chrysomelidae), Enzo Colonnelli (Anthribidae, Attelabidae, Brentidae, Curculionidae), Massimo Faccoli (Curculionidae Scolytinae), Fabrizio Fanti (Cantharidae, Lampyridae), Leonardo Latella (Leiodidae Cholevinae), Gianfranco Liberti (Melyridae), Gianluca Nardi (Anthicidae, Dytiscidae, Ptinidae Hedobiini and Ochinini), Eugenio Pacieri (Silphidae), Emanuele Piattella (Scarabaeidae), Giuseppe Platia (Elateridae), Roberto Poggi (Staphylinidae Pselaphinae), Pierpaolo Rapuzzi (Cerambycidae (pars)), Enrico Ruzzier (Mordellidae, Scraptiidae), Gianfranco Salvato (Biphyllidae, Mycetophagidae (pars), Zopheridae (pars)), Augusto Vigna Taglianti (Carabidae), Adriano Zanetti (Staphylinidae (pars)). We are grateful to Antonio De Cristofaro and Massimo Mancini (Universita degli Studi del Molise) for their support. The research is linked to activities conducted within the COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology) Action CLIMO (Climate-Smart Forestry in Mountain Regions - CA15226) financially supported by the EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation HORIZON 2020. NR 84 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X EI 1872-7034 J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD MAR PY 2020 VL 110 AR 105873 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.105873 PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KC7VW UT WOS:000507381800036 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Paul, S Das, TK Pharung, R Ray, S Mridha, N Kalita, N Ralte, V Borthakur, S Burman, RR Tripathi, AK Singh, AK AF Paul, Sudipta Das, Tarun Kumar Pharung, Ramsem Ray, Sanjay Mridha, Nilimesh Kalita, Nilim Ralte, Vanlalduati Borthakur, Sanjoy Burman, Rajarshi Roy Tripathi, Anil Kumar Singh, Ashok Kumar TI Development of an indicator based composite measure to assess livelihood sustainability of shifting cultivation dependent ethnic minorities in the disadvantageous Northeastern region of India SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE Sustainable livelihood; Sustainable Livelihood Index; Shifting cultivation; Jhum; Northeast India; Disadvantageous region ID SWIDDEN AGRICULTURE; EMPIRICAL-ANALYSIS; SOUTHEAST-ASIA; CONSEQUENCES; FOREST; AREAS; DIVERSIFICATION; ADAPTATION; NAGALAND; FARMERS AB Rural livelihood has long been discussed in scientific literature, although livelihood sustainability of fringe communities in far-flung and disadvantageous areas is very scarcely researched. Jhumias of the hilly and remote Northeastern (NE) region of India represent such a fringe community which is dependent upon shifting cultivation and forest resources for livelihood. The present study examines livelihood sustainability of these underprivileged forest peasants within the scope of sustainable livelihood framework. An indicator based approach helped in developing a composite measure, called the sustainable livelihood index (SLI) which gives a fair idea about the extent of livelihood sustainability of the shifting cultivator households in the study area. The study was carried out with randomly drawn six hundred and twenty one shifting cultivator households (n = 621) from the `seven sister' states of NE India, namely Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland and Tripura. The findings of the study brings into light an immense vulnerable picture of shifting cultivation based livelihood in the region. Except for Mizoram, the other states had a minimum of 39.22 percent (in Manipur) and up to as high as 86.67 percent (in Assam) shifting cultivator households belonging to the very bottom stratum of livelihood sustainability. Social and financial capitals were the most important to bring sustainability in the livelihoods of shifting cultivators. The study specifically highlights the importance of livelihood diversification, improving market access and strengthening extension contacts for livelihood sustainability of these ethnic groups of peasants. In light of the findings, we suggest some policy measures within the scope of prevailing socio-cultural beliefs of the shifting cultivators for sustainable livelihood, environmental conservation and harmonic co-existence. C1 [Paul, Sudipta; Tripathi, Anil Kumar] ICAR Agr Technol Applicat Res Inst, Umiam 793103, Meghalaya, India. [Das, Tarun Kumar] Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Tura 794005, Meghalaya, India. [Pharung, Ramsem] Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Ukhrul 795142, Manipur, India. [Ray, Sanjay] Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Wokha 797106, Nagaland, India. [Paul, Sudipta; Mridha, Nilimesh; Burman, Rajarshi Roy] ICAR Indian Agr Res Inst, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110012, India. [Kalita, Nilim] Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Diphu 782460, Assam, India. [Ralte, Vanlalduati] Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Khawzawl 796310, Mizoram, India. [Borthakur, Sanjoy] Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Pampoli 790102, Arunachal Prade, India. [Singh, Ashok Kumar] ICAR Headquarters KAB I, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110012, India. [Ray, Sanjay] Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Belbari 799045, Tripura, India. [Mridha, Nilimesh] ICAR Natl Inst Nat Fibre Technol & Engn, Kolkata 700040, W Bengal, India. [Borthakur, Sanjoy] Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Makum Bypass, Gelapukhuri 786126, Assam, India. [Tripathi, Anil Kumar] ICAR Agr Technol Applicat Res Inst, Gauhati 781017, Assam, India. RP Paul, S (reprint author), ICAR Indian Agr Res Inst, Div Agr Extens, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110012, India. EM Sudipta.Paul@icar.gov.in FU ICAR-Agricultural Technology Application and Research Institute (ATARI), Umiam, Meghalaya, India FX The authors are thankful to the ICAR-Agricultural Technology Application and Research Institute (ATARI), Umiam -793103, Meghalaya, India to financially support household survey conducted under the study. The authors are also heartily thankful to all the sampled Jhumia families to respond to the personal interviews conducted with them. NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X EI 1872-7034 J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD MAR PY 2020 VL 110 AR 105934 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.105934 PG 9 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KC7VW UT WOS:000507381800084 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Poldveer, E Korjus, H Kiviste, A Kangur, A Paluots, T Laarmann, D AF Poldveer, Eneli Korjus, Henn Kiviste, Andres Kangur, Ahto Paluots, Teele Laarmann, Diana TI Assessment of spatial stand structure of hemiboreal conifer dominated forests according to different levels of naturalness SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE Structural index; Nearest neighbourhood relationship; Structural pattern; Forest management ID MANAGEMENT; DIVERSITY; GROWTH; BIODIVERSITY; INDEXES AB Ecosystem legacies, reflecting the management history traits, are visible in structural indicators of a forest stand. We assessed patterns of spatial forest structure by using individual tree indices based on the nearest-neighbourhood approach. Five different indices were quantified - species mingling, deadwood mingling, deadwood distribution, diameter differentiation and the uniform angle indices characterising the patterns that show the complexity and diversity of forests: the arrangement of tree dimensions, species and deadwood as well as tree positioning regularities. Managed Norway spruce (Picea abies) stands are remarkably more homogeneous in terms of occurrence and positioning of different tree species and dimensions when compared to unmanaged forests. Managed Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) stands rarely show co-occurrence of living and dead trees and demonstrate lower dimensional variability than unmanaged stands. Trees are often quite randomly positioned; slightly regular positionings became evident in managed Norway spruce stands. Structural analysis confirm that large trees are particularly important in maintaining the structural diversity of forests. Forest management needs to integrate maintenance of important structural components and patterns into timber production for biodiversity conservation and sustainable forestry. Natural forests are indispensable source for reference structures in forest ecosystems. C1 [Poldveer, Eneli; Korjus, Henn; Kiviste, Andres; Kangur, Ahto; Paluots, Teele; Laarmann, Diana] Estonian Univ Life Sci, Inst Forestry & Rural Engn, Chair Forest Management Planning & Wood Proc Tech, Kreutzwaldi 5, EE-51006 Tartu, Estonia. RP Poldveer, E (reprint author), Estonian Univ Life Sci, Inst Forestry & Rural Engn, Chair Forest Management Planning & Wood Proc Tech, Kreutzwaldi 5, EE-51006 Tartu, Estonia. EM eneli.poldveer@emu.ee RI Kangur, Ahto/E-4570-2011; Korjus, Henn/N-3919-2014 OI Kangur, Ahto/0000-0002-2381-5806; Korjus, Henn/0000-0001-8522-7869 FU Estonian Environmental Investment CentreEstonian Research Council FX Data collection was supported by the Estonian Environmental Investment Centre. We thank numerous colleagues for their input in and support for this study, and numerous students, fieldwork staff and researchers for their work on the Estonian Network of Forest Research Plots, Dr John A. Stanturf for the valuable comments to the manuscript, and Prof Arne Pommerening for the help in data analysis, and all the reviewers whose comments helped to greatly improve the manuscript. Additional information about used structural indices, including R scripts, is available on www.pommerening.org. NR 60 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X EI 1872-7034 J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD MAR PY 2020 VL 110 AR 105944 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.105944 PG 9 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KC7VW UT WOS:000507381800091 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Santarem, F Saarinen, J Brito, JC AF Santarem, Frederico Saarinen, Jarkko Brito, Jose Carlos TI Mapping and analysing cultural ecosystem services in conflict areas SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE Mapping ecosystem services; Cultural services; Deserts; Drylands; Sahara; Sahel; Ecotourism; Constraints; Ecotourism attractions; Sustainable Development Goals ID LAND-USE; OUTDOOR RECREATION; ROCK ART; CONSERVATION; BIODIVERSITY; TOURISM; ECOTOURISM; DEMAND; DESERT; SCALE AB Human-mediated global environmental change threatens ecosystem services worldwide. Detailed cultural ecosystem services mapping is crucial to counteract ecosystem degradation, but such mapping exercises have been confined to small-scale analyses in developed countries. Additionally, disturbances constraining the supply of cultural ecosystem services transboundary have never been mapped, which hampers the accurate management of ecosystems, particularly in underdeveloped countries affected by human conflicts. The Sahara-Sahel ecoregions of Africa represent an excellent model to map the distribution of transboundary attractions and constraints to cultural ecosystem services due to the many conflicts affecting its drylands. We mapped and analysed the supply of cultural ecosystem services in the Sahara-Sahel, using a multicriteria approach that includes transboundary attractions and constraints playing at broader scales. We wanted to understand where are located the hotspots of cultural ecosystem services and which regions displaying the highest levels of attractions may be simultaneously threatened by constraint features. Overall, 35.4% of the study area displays high (27.9%) to very high (7.5%) levels of attractions to cultural ecosystem services supply, while 8.6% of the area displays high (7.5%) to very high (1.1%) levels of constraints that limit the usufruct of these services in the region. Our findings showed that the main mountains and wetlands of the region are supplying high levels of cultural ecosystem services but are threatened in some parts of their range by transboundary constraints. Some country-borders displayed a high concentration of constraints impacting desert biodiversity and human communities. This highlights the urgency of policymakers to reinforce transboundary strategic actions to halt the ongoing destruction of natural resources in the region. The developed approach is scalable and replicable in any ecosystem, including in those located in data-scarce regions. Including constraints to ecosystem services supply is paramount to achieve the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. C1 [Santarem, Frederico; Brito, Jose Carlos] Univ Porto, Ctr Invest Biodiversidade & Recursos Genet, CIBIO InBIO, R Padre Armando Quintas, P-4485661 Vairao, Portugal. [Santarem, Frederico; Brito, Jose Carlos] Univ Porto, Dept Biol, Fac Ciencias, Rua Campo Alegre, P-4169007 Porto, Portugal. [Santarem, Frederico; Saarinen, Jarkko] Univ Oulu, Geog Res Unit, Oulu, Finland. [Saarinen, Jarkko] Univ Johannesburg, Sch Tourism & Hospitality, Johannesburg, South Africa. RP Santarem, F (reprint author), Univ Porto, Ctr Invest Biodiversidade & Recursos Genet, CIBIO InBIO, R Padre Armando Quintas, P-4485661 Vairao, Portugal. EM fredericosantarem@cibio.up.pt FU Norte Portugal Regional Operational Programme (NORTE2020), under the PORTUGAL 2020 Partnership Agreement, through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) [AGRIGEN-NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000007]; Fundacao para a Ciencia e TecnologiaPortuguese Foundation for Science and Technology [PD/BD/132407, FCT-DL57]; Academy of FinlandAcademy of Finland [272168] FX Financial support was given by AGRIGEN-NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000007, supported by Norte Portugal Regional Operational Programme (NORTE2020), under the PORTUGAL 2020 Partnership Agreement, through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF). FS and JCB are supported by Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia through grant PD/BD/132407 and contract FCT-DL57; JS is supported by Academy of Finland (grant 272168). We would like to thank BirdLife International and IUCN for providing access to data used in this work. NR 125 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X EI 1872-7034 J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD MAR PY 2020 VL 110 AR 105943 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.105943 PG 15 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KC7VW UT WOS:000507381800090 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Sgarbi, LF Bini, LM Heino, J Jyrkankallio-Mikkola, J Landeiro, VL Santos, EP Schneck, F Siqueira, T Soininen, J Tolonen, KT Melo, AS AF Sgarbi, Luciano F. Bini, Luis M. Heino, Jani Jyrkankallio-Mikkola, Jenny Landeiro, Victor L. Santos, Edineusa P. Schneck, Fabiana Siqueira, Tadeu Soininen, Janne Tolonen, Kimmo T. Melo, Adriano S. TI Sampling effort and information quality provided by rare and common species in estimating assemblage structure SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE Community ecology; Biological diversity; Stream insects; Procrustes; Minimal sampling effort ID ENVIRONMENTAL HETEROGENEITY; RICHNESS PATTERNS; STREAM; MACROINVERTEBRATE; COMMUNITY; BIODIVERSITY; ABUNDANCE; SUFFICIENT; DIVERSITY; EXCLUSION AB Reliable biological assessments are essential to answer ecological and management questions but require well-designed studies and representative sample sizes. However, large sampling effort is rarely possible, because it demands large financial resources and time, restricting the number of sites sampled, the duration of the study and the sampling effort at each site. In this context, we need methods and protocols allowing cost-effective surveys that would, consequently, increase the knowledge about how biodiversity is distributed in space and time. Here, we assessed the minimal sampling effort required to correctly estimate the assemblage structure of stream insects sampled in near-pristine boreal and subtropical regions. We used five methods grouped into two different approaches. The first approach consisted of the removal of individuals 1) randomly or 2) based on a count threshold. The second approach consisted of simplification in terms of 1) sequential removal from rare to common species; 2) sequential removal from common to rare species; and 3) random species removal. The reliability of the methods was assessed using Procrustes analysis, which indicated the correlation between a reduced matrix (after removal of individuals or species) and the complete matrix. In many cases, we found a strong relationship between ordination patterns derived from presence/absence data (the extreme count threshold of a single individual) and those patterns derived from abundance data. Also, major multivariate patterns derived from the complete data matrices were retained even after the random removal of more than half of the individuals. Procrustes correlation was generally high ( > 0.8), even with the removal of 50% of the species. Removal of common species produced lower correlation than removal of rare species, indicating higher importance of the former to estimate resemblance between assemblages. Thus, we conclude that sampling designs can be optimized by reducing the sampling effort at a site. We recommend that such efforts saved should be redirected to increase the number of sites studied and the duration of the studies, which is essential to encompass larger spatial, temporal and environmental extents, and increase our knowledge of biodiversity. C1 [Sgarbi, Luciano F.] Univ Fed Goias, Programa Posgrad Ecol & Evolucao, Goiania, Go, Brazil. [Bini, Luis M.; Melo, Adriano S.] Univ Fed Goias, Dept Ecol, Goiania, Go, Brazil. [Heino, Jani; Tolonen, Kimmo T.] Freshwater Ctr, Finnish Environm Inst, Oulu, Finland. [Jyrkankallio-Mikkola, Jenny; Soininen, Janne] Univ Helsinki, Dept Geosci & Geog, POB 64, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. [Landeiro, Victor L.] Univ Fed Mato Grosso, Dept Bot & Ecol, Cuiaba, MT, Brazil. [Santos, Edineusa P.; Siqueira, Tadeu] Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Biociencias, UNESP, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil. [Schneck, Fabiana] Univ Fed Rio Grande, Inst Ciencias Biol, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil. [Tolonen, Kimmo T.] Univ Jyvaskyla, Dept Biol & Environm Sci, POB 35, FI-40014 Jyvaskyla, Finland. RP Melo, AS (reprint author), Univ Fed Goias, ICB, Dept Ecol, BR-74690900 Goiania, Go, Brazil. EM luciano.f.sgarbi@gmail.com; lmbini@gmail.com; jani.heino.eco@gmail.com; jenny.jyrkankallio-mikkola@wwf.fi; vllandeiro@gmail.com; edineusa.eco@gmail.com; fabiana.schneck@gmail.com; tadeu.siqueira@unesp.br; janne.soininen@helsinki.fi; kimmo.t.tolonen@jyu.fi; asm.adrimelo@gmail.com RI Bini, Luis Mauricio/D-5865-2013 OI Bini, Luis Mauricio/0000-0003-3398-9399 FU Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior - Brasil (CAPES)CAPES [001]; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq)National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) [307587/2017-7, 307961/2017-6, 304314/2014-5]; FAPESP-AKA Joint Call on Biodiversity and Sustainable Use of Natural Resources from Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) [2013/50424-1]; Academy of Finland (AKA)Academy of FinlandFinnish Funding Agency for Technology & Innovation (TEKES) [273557, 273560] FX This study was financed in part by the Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior - Brasil (CAPES) Finance Code 001 (scholarship to LFS). ASM, VLL and LMB received research fellowships from Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq, process no: 307587/2017-7, 307961/2017-6, and 304314/2014-5, respectively). This work was funded by the FAPESP-AKA Joint Call on Biodiversity and Sustainable Use of Natural Resources: grant 2013/50424-1 from Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) to TS, and grants no. 273557 and no. 273560 from the Academy of Finland (AKA) to JH and JS, respectively. NR 55 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X EI 1872-7034 J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD MAR PY 2020 VL 110 AR 105937 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.105937 PG 7 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KC7VW UT WOS:000507381800085 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Sharma, K Acharya, BK Sharma, G Valente, D Pasimeni, MR Petrosillo, I Selvan, T AF Sharma, Kishor Acharya, Bhoj Kumar Sharma, Ghanashyam Valente, Donatella Pasimeni, Maria Rita Petrosillo, Irene Selvan, Thiru TI Land use effect on butterfly alpha and beta diversity in the Eastern Himalaya, India SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE Agroecosystems; Ecosystem services; Forests; Human-modified landscapes; Indicator species; Traditional management practices ID PLANT-SPECIES RICHNESS; AGRICULTURAL INTENSIFICATION; ELEVATIONAL GRADIENT; HERBIVOROUS INSECTS; SITE DISSIMILARITY; PROTECTED AREA; SPATIAL SCALE; LANDSCAPE; BIODIVERSITY; ABUNDANCE AB Conservation of biodiversity in agroecosystems is a global challenge as conversion of forest to agroecosystems has been one of the major causes for biodiversity loss through habitat transformation. The agroecosystems, especially those traditionally managed or organic, are reported to retain high biodiversity including endemic, specialists and conservation concern species. Among others, butterflies are the most vulnerable taxa reacting sensitively and rapidly to climate and habitat changes, and represent as bio-indicators to predict the health of an ecosystem. However, the assessment of land use effect on butterfly diversity has not yet been undertaken in the Eastern Himalayas. Therefore, this study was designed along agroecosystem-forest gradient to understand: the patterns of butterfly alpha diversity taking into account the variation across seasons, elevation, forest specialization and larval host specificity; the patterns of butterfly beta diversity; and plausible environmental determinants of butterfly alpha and beta diversity. We assessed the patterns of taxonomic alpha and beta diversity of butterflies and their determinants in the Indigenous Farming Systems (IFS) {large cardamom-based agroforestry systems (LCAS), mandarin orange-based agroforestry systems (MOAS) and farm-based agroforestry systems (FAS)} along with adjacent natural forests (Forests) in the study area during December 2012-August 2017. We recorded 268 species of butterflies from six families which included two-third forest specialists, one-third monophagous and one-fifth conservation concern species. Along the agroecosystem-forest gradient, alpha diversity of butterflies declined for total, forest specialists, monophagous and protected species. However, pairwise beta diversity increased and the multiple beta diversity was dominated by substitution components. Alpha diversity was determined by tree species richness, tree density, canopy cover, elevation, mean annual precipitation (MAP), season, whereas tree species richness, tree density, tree basal area, canopy cover, elevation, mean annual temperature, and MAP influenced beta diversity. We also identified 15 indicator species dominated by forest specialists suitable for long term ecological monitoring program in the Eastern Himalaya. The organic and traditionally managed agroecosystems of Sikkim play a complementary role to the protected areas (PAs) in fostering biodiversity conservation and ecosystem service provision, especially in the areas with high human pressure and low PA and forest coverage. C1 [Sharma, Kishor; Acharya, Bhoj Kumar] Sikkim Univ, Sch Life Sci, Dept Zool, Gangtok 737102, Sikkim, India. [Sharma, Ghanashyam] Mt Inst India, Gangtok 737102, Sikkim, India. [Valente, Donatella; Pasimeni, Maria Rita; Petrosillo, Irene] Univ Salento, Dept Biol & Environm Sci & Technol, Lab Landscape Ecol, Lecce, Italy. [Selvan, Thiru] Tripura Univ, Dept Forestry & Biodivers, Agartala, Tripura, India. RP Acharya, BK (reprint author), Sikkim Univ, Sch Life Sci, Dept Zool, Gangtok 737102, Sikkim, India. EM bkacharya@cus.ac.in FU Department of Science and Technology, Government of IndiaDepartment of Science & Technology (India) [SERB/AS/2011/11]; National Mission on Himalayan Studies (NMHS) under Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Government of India [NMHS-2017/MG-01/477]; University Grants Commission-JRF [3520/(NET-JULY2016)] FX We would like to acknowledge the grant received from Department of Science and Technology, Government of India (Grant no.: SERB/AS/2011/11). BKA is supported under the National Mission on Himalayan Studies (NMHS) under Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Government of India (Grant No: NMHS-2017/MG-01/477) and KS is awarded University Grants Commission-JRF (Grant No.: 3520/(NET-JULY2016)) during MS preparation. We thank Sikkim University, India and The Mountain Institute-India for facilities and Forests, Environment and Wildlife Management Department, Government of Sikkim for research permit (Permit no.: 24/GOS/FEWMD/BD-R-2014 (Part-III)/CF (WL)/137) to undertake this study. We thank Joydeep Bhattacharjee, R Sreekar and Mike Meredith for their valuable comments and suggestion on statistical analysis. We acknowledge all the local communities and the farm owners for their permission, hospitality and cooperation during field sampling. We also thank Yamuna Prasad Bastola, Dallas Robbins, Sagar Chettri, Ram Chandra Tewari and Sailendra Dewan for their supports. NR 128 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X EI 1872-7034 J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD MAR PY 2020 VL 110 AR 105605 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.105605 PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KC7VW UT WOS:000507381800001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Smith, JA Benson, AL Chen, Y Yamada, SA Mims, MC AF Smith, Jennifer A. Benson, Abigail L. Chen, Ye Yamada, Steffany A. Mims, Meryl C. TI The power, potential, and pitfalls of open access biodiversity data in range size assessments: Lessons from the fishes SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE Area of occupancy; Extent of occurrence; Global Biodiversity Information Facility; Grain size; Minimum convex polygon; Watershed ID FRESH-WATER FISHES; UNITED-STATES; CONSERVATION; DISTRIBUTIONS; POPULATION; RARITY; EBIRD; RISK; BIAS AB Geographic rarity is a driver of a species' intrinsic risk of extinction. It encompasses multiple key components including range size, which is one of the most commonly measured estimates of geographic rarity. Range size estimates are often used to prioritize conservation efforts when there are multiple candidate species, because data for other components of rarity such as population size are sparse, or do not exist for species of interest. Range size estimates can provide rankings of species vulnerability to changing environments or threats, identifying rare species for future study or conservation initiatives. However, range sizes can be estimated by several different metrics, and the degree of overlap in the identification of the rarest or most common species across methodologies is not well understood. This knowledge gap compromises our ability to prioritize correctly rare species, and presents a particularly difficult challenge for stream-dwelling organisms with distributions constrained to river networks. We evaluated the relationship of multiple range size estimates of a subset of freshwater fishes native to the United States to determine the degree of overlap in rarity rankings using different data sources and grain sizes. We used publicly available, open access data from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) to calculate extent of occurrence (minimum convex polygons) and area of occupancy (total area occupied, measured across various grain sizes). We compared range sizes estimated using GBIF data with the best available estimates of current distributions described by publicly available digital maps (NatureServe) to evaluate the efficacy of GBIF data in assessments of range size. We found strong correlations between range size estimates across analytical approaches and data sources with no detectable bias of taxonomy. We found that variation among rarity rankings was highest for species with intermediate range sizes indicating that the approaches considered here generally converge when used to identify the rarest or the most common species. Importantly, our results show that the rarest, and perhaps the most vulnerable, species are consistently identified across common methodological approaches. More broadly, our results support the use of open access biodiversity data that include opportunistically collated and collected point occurrence records as a complement to coarse-grain (e.g., whole range map) approaches, as we observed no systematic bias or deviation across data sources in our analyses. This indicates databases such as the GBIF may help fill important fundamental and applied knowledge gaps for many poorly understood species, particularly in a broad-scale, multispecies framework. C1 [Smith, Jennifer A.; Chen, Ye; Yamada, Steffany A.; Mims, Meryl C.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Benson, Abigail L.] US Geol Survey, Sci Analyt & Synth, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA. RP Smith, JA (reprint author), Univ Texas San Antonio, Dept Environm Sci & Ecol, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA. EM jennifer.smith@utsa.edu; albenson@usgs.gov; mims@vt.edu FU United States Geological SurveyUnited States Geological Survey [G17AC00235]; Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University FX This work was supported by the United States Geological Survey Cooperative Agreement G17AC00235 with Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X EI 1872-7034 J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD MAR PY 2020 VL 110 AR 105896 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.105896 PG 12 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KC7VW UT WOS:000507381800059 OA Other Gold, Green Published DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Sun, XT Zhao, L Zhao, DL Huo, YL Tan, WC AF Sun, Xiaotong Zhao, Lei Zhao, Dongliang Huo, Yunlong Tan, Wenchang TI Keystone species can be identified based on motif centrality SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE Motif-based centrality; Stability; Food web; Removal sequence; Secondary extinction; Keystone species ID NETWORK MOTIFS; TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION; ECOLOGICAL COMMUNITIES; SECONDARY EXTINCTIONS; BIODIVERSITY LOSS; MARKOVIAN MODEL; TROPHIC MODULES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; FOOD WEBS; ROBUSTNESS AB Species extinctions can lead to the collapse of our ecosystems. So, biodiversity conservation is significant in protecting our environment. Identifying the roles of species on ecological network robustness is an effective way to conserve biodiversity. Previous studies have mostly focused on the role of an individual species in the whole food web. They ignored the truth that food webs consist of a large number of motifs (patterns of interconnections occurring in complex networks at numbers that are significantly higher than those in randomized networks). Here, we proposed motif-based centrality measurements to identify keystone species. Both topological and dynamical approaches were employed to assess changes in ecosystem stability. After removing species according to various deletion sequences based on different motif centralities, secondary extinctions were recorded during sequential removals, and then robustness was calculated. We found that species with higher motif-based centrality (those who participated more food-web motifs) were more influential. It indicates that the motif-based centrality is an effective indicator for the identification of keystone species. Our findings emphasized the importance of motifs when detecting the role of a species in maintaining local biodiversity and provided a new aspect of environment management. C1 [Sun, Xiaotong; Zhao, Dongliang; Tan, Wenchang] Peking Univ, Coll Engn, Dept Mech & Engn Sci, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Zhao, Lei] China Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm Sci, Beijing Key Lab Biodivers & Organ Farming, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Huo, Yunlong] PKU HKUST Shenzhen Hong Kong Inst, Shenzhen 518057, Peoples R China. RP Tan, WC (reprint author), Peking Univ, Coll Engn, Dept Mech & Engn Sci, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.; Huo, YL (reprint author), PKU HKUST Shenzhen Hong Kong Inst, Shenzhen 518057, Peoples R China. EM sunxiaotong1229@pku.edu.cn; lei.zhao@cau.edu.cn; zhaodl@pku.edu.cn; yhuo@pku.edu.cn; tanwch@pku.edu.cn RI Huo, Yunlong/N-8155-2013 OI Huo, Yunlong/0000-0003-4121-3224 FU National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [11732001, 11328201]; Beijing Natural Science FoundationBeijing Natural Science Foundation [5194027]; Leading Talents of Guangdong Province Program FX This study was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (11732001 and 11328201), the Beijing Natural Science Foundation (No. 5194027) and the Leading Talents of Guangdong Province Program. NR 62 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X EI 1872-7034 J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD MAR PY 2020 VL 110 AR 105877 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.105877 PG 9 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KC7VW UT WOS:000507381800040 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Venkatesh, K Preethi, K Ramesh, H AF Venkatesh, K. Preethi, K. Ramesh, H. TI Evaluating the effects of forest fire on water balance using fire susceptibility maps SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE Fire susceptibility map; Forest fire; SCS-CN; Stream flow; SWAT; SWAT CUP ID WILDFIRES; MODEL; VARIABILITY; CATCHMENT; HYDROLOGY; RAINFALL; EROSION; RUNOFF; IMPACT AB Sudden and long term changes in the landscape can be attributed to periodic wildfires which, is a cyclic occurrence at Kudremukh national forest in Western Ghats of India. These land-use changes influence the hydrology of landscape, causing disintegration of soil, loss of biodiversity, changes in stream and flooding. To understand and account for these land-use changes, a new approach was implemented by developing fire susceptibility map from topographic, climatic and human-induced factors and validating it with MODIS (Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectro-radiometer) fire points for discretising accuracy. The fire susceptibility map can be used for studying the long-term (year or more) effects of fire on water balance systems. The fire susceptibility map generated for the years 2005 and 2017 was overlaid with MODIS LULC (Land Use Land Cover) for establishing the post-fire scenario whereas MODIS LULC MCD12Q1 (2005 and 2017) was considered as the no-fire scenario to analyse the intensity of the fire and its effect on streamflow and infiltration. These maps along with historical satellite hydro-climatic datasets, were used to assess the effect of forest fire on hydrological parameters using the SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) model. No-fire and post-fire conditions were established by modifying SCS-CN (Soil Conservation Service-Curve Number) based on previous works of literature to represent the catchment as unburnt and burnt area. The SWAT model was calibrated (2002-2008) and validated (2009-2012) for establishing a baseline scenario. The sensitive parameters obtained from SUFI-2 (Sequential Uncertainty Fitting) algorithm in SWAT-CUP (Calibration and Uncertainty Programs) were used to simulate stream flows fill 2017 due to lack of observed streamflow data for the year 2017. It was inferred that the effect of wildfire on flows in recent years (2017) had increased radically when compared to the flows before a decade (2005), diminishing the rate of infiltration and causing the deficit in groundwater to energise. The methodology can further be executed in any forest area for distinguishing fire hazard zones and implementing prior actions in those areas for mitigation of forest fires and maintaining sustainable water balance. C1 [Venkatesh, K.; Preethi, K.; Ramesh, H.] Natl Inst Technol, Dept Appl Mech & Hydraul, Mangalore 575025, Karnataka, India. RP Venkatesh, K (reprint author), Natl Inst Technol, Dept Appl Mech & Hydraul, Mangalore 575025, Karnataka, India. EM venkateshkolluru95@gmail.com NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X EI 1872-7034 J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD MAR PY 2020 VL 110 AR 105856 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.105856 PG 14 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KC7VW UT WOS:000507381800021 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Zhang, L Pan, BZ Jiang, XM Wang, HZ Lu, YJ Lu, Y Li, RH AF Zhang, Lei Pan, Baozhu Jiang, Xiaoming Wang, Hongzhu Lu, Yongjun Lu, Yan Li, Ronghui TI Responses of the macroinvertebrate taxonomic distinctness indices of lake fauna to human disturbances in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze river SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE Floodplain lakes; Benthic macroinvertebrates; Taxonomic distinctness indices; Human disturbances; Bioassessment ID ANTHROPOGENIC IMPACTS; COMMUNITY COMPOSITION; MARINE BIODIVERSITY; FLOODPLAIN LAKES; DIVERSITY; PATTERNS; EUTROPHICATION; STREAM; MACROZOOBENTHOS; SHALLOW AB In recent decades, floodplain lakes have been among the most endangered ecosystems in the world due to human activities, and they are experiencing severe degradation in ecological function and declines in biodiversity. Previous studies have mostly concentrated on the effects of human disturbances on the traditional taxonomic structure of aquatic communities, but little is known about the responses of other facets of biodiversity measures (e.g., phylogenetic relatedness) to anthropogenic impacts. Here, we examined the effectiveness of species richness and taxonomic distinctness (TD) indices (the average taxonomic distinctness, Delta(+), and variation in taxonomic distinctness, Lambda(+)) in determining anthropogenic effects based on four datasets of macroinvertebrate communities in 31 shallow lakes in the Yangtze floodplain. The species composition and number of entire taxa and three subsets (mollusk-, insect- and oligochaete-only taxa) were all significantly different among the five lake groups, with the highest species richness in the river-connected lakes, followed by the oxbow, macrophytic, macrophytic-algal transition and algal lakes. For the TD indices, only the Lambda(+) of entire taxa showed clear differences among lake groups, with the highest values in the algal lakes and the lowest values in the river-connected lakes. However, the TD indices based on the other three datasets showed no differences and did not clearly reveal the degree of anthropogenic disturbances as we expected. However, the spatial pattern of species richness was largely influenced by lake area rather than by water quality. In contrast, the TD indices were insensitive to lake area and responded more readily to water quality than species richness. We proposed that the TD indices provided a useful complement to traditional diversity indices (e.g., species richness) and could be considered as a potential bioassessment metric for detecting the environmental degradation level of freshwater lakes. C1 [Zhang, Lei; Pan, Baozhu; Jiang, Xiaoming] Xian Univ Technol, State Key Lab Ecohydraul Northwest Arid Reg China, Xian 710048, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Wang, Hongzhu] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Hydrobiol, Key Lab Freshwater Ecol & Biotechnol, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China. [Lu, Yongjun; Lu, Yan] Nanjing Hydraul Res Inst, Nanjing 210029, Peoples R China. [Li, Ronghui] Univ Guangxi, Coll Life Sci & Technol, Guangxi Hydraul Res Inst, Nanning 530023, Peoples R China. RP Pan, BZ (reprint author), Xian Univ Technol, State Key Lab Ecohydraul Northwest Arid Reg China, Xian 710048, Shaanxi, Peoples R China.; Wang, HZ (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Hydrobiol, Key Lab Freshwater Ecol & Biotechnol, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China. EM zhuzipan@xaut.edu.cn; wanghz@ihb.ac.cn FU National Key Research and Development Program of China [2016YFC0402108]; National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [51622901, 31770460, 51569006] FX This work was financially supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China (NO. 2016YFC0402108), National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51622901, 31770460, 51569006). NR 68 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X EI 1872-7034 J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD MAR PY 2020 VL 110 AR 105952 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.105952 PG 10 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KC7VW UT WOS:000507381800098 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Fajardo, C Sanchez-Fortun, S Costa, G Nande, M Botias, P Garcia-Cantalejo, J Mengs, G Martin, M AF Fajardo, Carmen Sanchez-Fortun, Sebastian Costa, Gonzalo Nande, Mar Botias, Pedro Garcia-Cantalejo, Jesus Mengs, Gerardo Martin, Margarita TI Evaluation of nanoremediation strategy in a Pb, Zn and Cd contaminated soil SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Heavy metal; Availability; nZVI; Ecotoxicogenontics; Next Generation Sequencing; Nanoremediation ID VALENT IRON APPLICATION; IN-SITU REMEDIATION; HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM; MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES; VIBRIO-FISCHERI; NZVI; IMPACTS; IMMOBILIZATION; BIODEGRADATION; NANOPARTICLES AB We addressed the efficiency of a nanoremediation strategy using zero-valent iron nanoparticles (nZVI), in a case of co-mingled heavy metals (HM) pollution (Pb, Cd and Zn). We applied a combined set of physical-chemical, toxicological and molecular analyses to assess the effectiveness and ecosafety of nZVI (5% w/w) for environmental restoration. After 120 days, nZVI showed immobilization capacity for Pb (20%), it was scarcely effective for Zn (n) and negligibly effective for Cd. The HMs immobilization in the nZVI treated soils (compared to control soil), reaches its maximum after 15 days (T3) as reflected in the decrease of HM toxicity towards V. fischeri. The overall abundance of the microbial community was similar in both sets of samples during all experiment, although an increase in the number of metabolically active bacteria was recorded 15 days post treatment. We studied the induced impact of nanoremediation on the soil microbial community structure by Next Generation Sequencing (NGS). Even when higher HM immobilization was recorded, no significant recovery of the microbial community structure was found in nZVI-treated soil. The most marked nZVI-induced structural shifts were observed at 13 (increase in the Firrnicutes population with a decrease in Gram-negative bacteria). Predictive metagenomic analysis using PICRUSt showed differences among the predicted metagenomes of nZVI-treated and control soils. At T3 we found decrease in detoxification-related proteins or over-representation of germination-related proteins; after 120 days of nZVI exposure, higher abundance of proteins involved in regulation of cellular processes or sporulation-related proteins was detected. This study highlights the partial effectiveness of nanoremediation in multiple-metal contaminated soil in the short term.The apparent lack of recovery of biodiversity after application of nZVI and the decreased effectiveness of nanoremediation over time must be carefully considered to validate this technology when assurance of medium- to long-term immobilization of HMs is required. (C) 2019 Elsevier EV. All rights reserved. C1 [Fajardo, Carmen] Univ Alcala De Henares, Fac Farm, Alcala De Henares 28805, Madrid, Spain. [Botias, Pedro; Garcia-Cantalejo, Jesus] Univ Complutense Madrid, Unidad Genom, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. [Sanchez-Fortun, Sebastian; Costa, Gonzalo; Nande, Mar; Mengs, Gerardo; Martin, Margarita] Univ Complutense, Fac Vet, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. RP Fajardo, C (reprint author), Campus Univ,Ctra Madrid Barcelona Km 33,600, Alcala De Henares 28805, Madrid, Spain. RI ADAN, CARMEN FAJARDO/S-1875-2018; Botias, Pedro/R-6731-2018 OI Botias, Pedro/0000-0003-4416-9118 FU Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness [CIM2013-46870-C2-1-P]; Comunidad de Madrid (Spain)Comunidad de Madrid [S2017/BMD-3691 InGEMICS-CM]; European Structural and Investment Funds (Genomics Unit) FX The authors thank the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness for supporting the Project CIM2013-46870-C2-1-P.; This work was supported by grant S2017/BMD-3691 InGEMICS-CM, funded by Comunidad de Madrid (Spain) and European Structural and Investment Funds (Genomics Unit). NR 46 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 11 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD MAR 1 PY 2020 VL 706 AR 136041 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136041 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KB3CF UT WOS:000506376300059 PM 31855644 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Fornara, DA Flynn, D Caruso, T AF Fornara, Dario A. Flynn, David Caruso, Tancredi TI Improving phosphorus sustainability in intensively managed grasslands: The potential role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi; Grassland intensification; Nutrient fertilization; Phosphorus use efficiency; Phosphorus retention in soils ID AGRICULTURAL SUSTAINABILITY; FERTILIZER APPLICATION; SOIL-PHOSPHORUS; PHOSPHATE; NITROGEN; STRATEGIES; BIODIVERSITY; IMPACT; CARBON; SLURRY AB Long-term nutrient fertilization of grassland soils greatly increases plant yields but also profoundly alters ecosystem phosphorus (P) dynamics. Here, we addressed how long-term P fertilization may affect ecosystem P budget, P use efficiency (PUE) and the abundance of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMP), which play a key role in the acquisition of P by plants. We found that 47 years of organic P applications increased soil P availability and total soil P stocks up to 1600% and 400%, respectively, compared to unfertilized-control soils. Grassland soils could retain up to 62% and 4S% of P applied since 1970 in organic and inorganic forms, respectively. Nutrient treatments significantly affected rates of AMF root colonization (%), which were higher in control and NPK-fertilized plots when compared to soils receiving increasing applications of organic P. Plant PUE increased with greater AMF root colonization, which remained high (i.e. 50-to-75%) even after similar to 50 years of continuous 'normal' rates of agronomic P inputs (similar to 30 kg P ha(-1) year(-1)). AMF abundance, however, decreased under higher P applications and we found a negative relationship between soil P availability or soil P stocks and rates of AMF root colonization. Our study demonstrates that (1) AMF root colonization is still high in soils, which have received consistent but moderate P inputs for over four decades, and (2) moderate rates of P fertilization are related to a more conservative P ecosystem budget whereby the amount of P retained in soils and up-taken by plants on an annual basis is higher than the amount of P added through fertilization. This is possible only if extra P is 'mined' from the soil P 'bank' and made available to plant uptake. We suggest that AMP could play a significant role in intensively-managed grasslands contributing to increase P sustainability by reducing the need for extra P fertilizer. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Fornara, Dario A.; Flynn, David] Agrifood & Biosci Inst AFBI, Belfast BT9 5PX, Antrim, North Ireland. [Caruso, Tancredi] Queens Univ Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, Antrim, North Ireland. RP Fornara, DA (reprint author), Agrifood & Biosci Inst, Newforge Lane, Belfast BT9 5PX, Antrim, North Ireland. EM dario.fornara@afbini.gov.uk FU Department of Agriculture, Environment and Rural Affairs (DAERA) of Northern Ireland (UK) [7001] FX This research was funded by the Department of Agriculture, Environment and Rural Affairs (DAERA) of Northern Ireland (UK) - project number 7001. The co-authors do not have any conflict of interest to declare. We would like to thank Elizabeth - Anne Wasson, Elizabeth Mulligan, Brian Wallace, Hugh McKeating, Gillian Nicholl and Gareth Ridgway for their assistance with field sampling and laboratory analysis. NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 12 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD MAR 1 PY 2020 VL 706 AR 135744 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135744 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KB3CF UT WOS:000506376300073 PM 31940732 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Man, Y Wang, JX Tam, NFY Wan, X Huang, WD Zheng, Y Tang, JP Tao, R Yang, Y AF Man, Ying Wang, Jiaxi Tam, Nora Fung-yee Wan, Xiang Huang, Wenda Zheng, Yu Tang, Jinpeng Tao, Ran Yang, Yang TI Responses of rhizosphere and bulk substrate microbiome to wastewater-borne sulfonamides in constructed wetlands with different plant species SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Constructed wetlands; Rhizobox; Sulfonamides; Rhizosphere microbiome; 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing ID VETERINARY ANTIBIOTICS; COMMUNITY DYNAMICS; RESISTANCE GENES; DOMESTIC SEWAGE; SOIL; REMOVAL; SULFAMETHOXAZOLE; MICROORGANISMS; SULFADIAZINE; TOLERANCE AB Constructed wetlands (CWs) have been used to remove organic pollutants including antibiotics based on the roles of plants and microbial communities, but how rhizosphere and bulk substrate-associated microbiomes respond to antibiotics during biodegradation have seldom been researched. The effects of sulfonamides (SAs) on the microbiome composition in different compartments, namely rhizosphere, near rhizosphere and bulk substrate, in CWs planted with either Cyperus alternifolius, Cyperus papyrus orJuncus effuses were evaluated using specially designed rhizoboxes and 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing. Results revealed that wastewater-borne SAs significantly reduced the microbial biodiversity in CWs, and inhibited the functional bacterial groups related to sulphur and nitrogen cycles. On the contrary, SAs significantly enriched methylotrophs with potential to initially biodegrade SAs, such as Methylosinus, Meihyloienera, Meihyloculdum and Methylumuncis, and such enrichment was more significant in rhizosphere than in bulk substrate. The network analysis indicated that a more complex network in bulk substrate was more fragile to SA stress. The presence of wetland plants significantly influenced the bacterial community structure in CWs, but in the same compartment, the difference among the three plants species was not obvious. Wetland plants ensured the stability of rhizosphere microorganisms and increased their ability to tolerate SA stress. The present study enhances our understanding of the importance of plant-bacteria interactions in CWs and responses of substrate microbiome to antibiotics. (C) 2019 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Man, Ying; Wang, Jiaxi; Huang, Wenda; Zheng, Yu; Tang, Jinpeng; Tao, Ran; Yang, Yang] Jinan Univ, Res Ctr Hydrobiol, Guangzhou 510632, Peoples R China. [Man, Ying; Wang, Jiaxi; Huang, Wenda; Zheng, Yu; Tang, Jinpeng; Tao, Ran; Yang, Yang] Minist Educ, Engn Res Ctr Trop & Subtrop Aquat Ecol Engn, Guangzhou 510632, Peoples R China. [Tam, Nora Fung-yee] City Univ Hong Kong, Dept Chem, Kowloon, Tat Chee Ave, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Wan, Xiang] Chinese Acad Sci, Nanjing Inst Geog & Limnol, State Key Lab Lake Sci & Environm, 73 East Beijing Rd, Nanjing 210008, Peoples R China. RP Tao, R; Yang, Y (reprint author), Jinan Univ, Res Ctr Hydrobiol, Guangzhou 510632, Peoples R China. EM taoran@jnu.edu.cn; yangyang@jnu.edu.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [51579115, 51509106, 41201506] FX This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant numbers 51579115, 51509106, and 41201506). NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 14 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD MAR 1 PY 2020 VL 706 AR 135955 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135955 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KB3CF UT WOS:000506376300112 PM 31855648 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Chen, XL Henriksen, TM Svensson, K Korsaeth, A AF Chen, Xueli Henriksen, Trond Maukon Svensson, Kine Korsaeth, Audun TI Long-term effects of agricultural production systems on structure and function of the soil microbial community SO APPLIED SOIL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cropping system; Microbial structure; Microbial function; Gene sequencing; Enzyme assay ID ORGANIC-MATTER; BACTERIAL COMMUNITIES; CROPPING SYSTEMS; BIOMASS-C; LAND-USE; TILLAGE; MANAGEMENT; DIVERSITY; NITROGEN; QUALITY AB Microbes are central drivers of soil processes and in-depth knowledge on how agricultural management practices effects the soil microbiome is essential in the development of sustainable food production systems. Our objective was therefore to explore the long-term effects of organic and conventional cropping systems on soil bacterial and fungal quantity, their community structures and their combined function. To do so, we sampled soil from a long-term experiment in Southeast Norway in 2014, 25 years after the experiment was established, and performed a range of microbial analyses on the samples. The experiment consists of six cropping systems with differences in crop rotations, soil tillage, and with nutrient application regimes covering inorganic fertilizers, cattle slurry (both separately and combined with inorganic fertilizers) and biogas residues from digested household biowaste. The quantity of soil microbes was assessed by extraction of microbial C and N and by analysis of soil DNA (bacterial 16S rRNA, and fungal rRNA internal transcribed spacer region). The structures of the microbial communities were determined and assessment of relatedness of bacterial and fungal communities was done by the unweighted pair group method. Estimates of richness and diversity were based on numbers of unique operational taxonomic units from DNA sequencing and the function of the microbial assembly was measured by means of enzyme assays. Our results showed that production systems including leys had higher microbial biomass and higher numbers of bacterial and fungal gene copies than did systems with cash crops only. A cropping system which appeared to be particularly unfavourable was a reference-system where stubble, roots and exudates were the single source of organic material. Production system significantly affected both bacterial and fungal community structures in the soil. Systems including leys and organic fertilization had higher enzyme activities than did systems with cash crops only. An inclusion of ley in the rotation did not, however, increase either microbial richness or microbial diversity. In fact, the otherwise suboptimal reference-system appeared to have a richness and diversity of both bacteria and fungi at levels similar to those of the other cropping systems, indicating that the microbial function is largely maintained under less favourable agricultural treatments because of the general resilience of soil microorganisms to various stresses. Neither disturbance through tillage nor the use of chemical fertilizer or chemical plant protection measures seemed as such to influence soil microbial communities. Thus, no differences between conventional and organic farming practices as such were found. We conclude that the choice of agricultural management determines the actual microbial community structure, but that biodiversity in general is almost unaffected by cropping system over many years. Adequate addition of organic material is essential to ensure a properly functioning microbial ensemble and, thus, to secure soil structure and fertility over time. C1 [Chen, Xueli] Heilongjiang Acad Agr Sci, Key Lab Soil Environm & Plant Nutr Heilongjiang P, Fertilizer Engn Technol Res Ctr Heilongjiang Prov, Inst Soil Fertilizer & Environm Resources, 368 Xuefu Rd, Harbin 150086, Heilongjiang, Peoples R China. [Henriksen, Trond Maukon; Korsaeth, Audun] NIBIO Norwegian Inst Bioecon Res, N-2849 Kapp, Norway. [Chen, Xueli] Heilongjiang Acad Agr Sci, Postdoc Stn, 368 Xuefu Rd, Harbin 150086, Heilongjiang, Peoples R China. RP Henriksen, TM (reprint author), NIBIO Norwegian Inst Bioecon Res, N-2849 Kapp, Norway. EM trond.henriksen@nibio.no FU National Key Research and Development Program of China [2016YFD0300303]; National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [41771284]; Post-doctoral funding in Heilongjiang Province [LBH-Z17198] FX The authors wish to thank Hugh Riley for helpful comments on the manuscript and Junjie Liu from Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) for help with data analysis. This work was supported by grants from National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFD0300303), National Natural Science Foundation of China (41771284), and Post-doctoral funding in Heilongjiang Province (LBH-Z17198). NR 78 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 44 U2 44 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0929-1393 EI 1873-0272 J9 APPL SOIL ECOL JI Appl. Soil Ecol. PD MAR PY 2020 VL 147 AR UNSP 103387 DI 10.1016/j.apsoil.2019.103387 PG 10 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA KA1RD UT WOS:000505575100026 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Khan, MI Gwon, HS Alam, MA Song, HJ Das, S Kim, PJ AF Khan, Muhammad Israr Gwon, Hyo Suk Alam, Muhammad Ashraful Song, Hyeon Ji Das, Suvendu Kim, Pil Joo TI Short term effects of different green manure amendments on the composition of main microbial groups and microbial activity of a submerged rice cropping system SO APPLIED SOIL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE PLFA; Soil enzyme activities; Microbial community; Green manuring; Rice paddy ID ENZYME-ACTIVITIES; TEMPERATURE SENSITIVITY; SOIL-MICROORGANISMS; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; COVER-CROPS; FERTILIZATION; DIVERSITY; CARBON; MINERALIZATION; DECOMPOSITION AB Green manuring is a feasible agricultural practice to mitigate soil degradation and loss of biodiversity caused by long term application of inorganic fertilizer. However, the effect of the types of green manure (legume vs nonlegume) on soil microbial groups and activities are largely not known. Field experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of incorporating two green manures that originated from residues of barley (Hordeum vulgare) and hairy vetch (Vicia villosa), on microbial groups, biomass, enzyme activities, nutrient availability of soil, and crop yield in a mono-rice cropping system. Green manure biomasses were applied on an equal nitrogen biomass basis. We found that, compared to inorganic fertilizer, green manures amendment significantly increased composition of main microbial groups, microbial biomass C (MBC) and hydrolase activities of soil. Total PLFAs, Gm + bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes PLFAs were markedly increased by the barley residue amendment whereas Gm- bacteria PLFA was mostly increased by the hairy vetch residue amendment. The higher hydrolase activities involved in C cycling were observed in the barley treatments, whereas soil enzyme activities involved in N and P cycling were higher in the hairy vetch treatments. Probably, differences between the two treatments dependent on different chemical composition of the green manures incorporated into the soil and their mineralization controlled by the soil C:N ratio. A decrease in oxidative enzyme activities and higher fungi: bacteria ratio as a result of the green manure amendment, in particular barley, suggested the potential of barley biomass incorporation to enhance C storage in submerged rice cropping systems. C1 [Khan, Muhammad Israr; Gwon, Hyo Suk; Alam, Muhammad Ashraful; Song, Hyeon Ji; Kim, Pil Joo] Gyeongsang Natl Univ, Div Appl Life Sci, Jinju 660701, South Korea. [Das, Suvendu; Kim, Pil Joo] Gyeongsang Natl Univ, Inst Agr & Life Sci, Jinju 660701, South Korea. [Khan, Muhammad Israr] KUST, Dept Bot & Environm Sci, Kohat 26000, Pakistan. RP Kim, PJ (reprint author), Gyeongsang Natl Univ, Div Appl Life Sci, Jinju 660701, South Korea.; Das, S (reprint author), Gyeongsang Natl Univ, Inst Agr & Life Sci, Jinju 660701, South Korea. EM suvendudas@gnu.ac.kr; pjkim@gnu.ac.kr FU National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) Grant - Korean Government (MISP) [NRF-2017R1A2B2002239]; BK21+ program of the Ministry of Education and Human Resources Development, South Korea FX This work was supported by a grant from National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) Grant, funded by the Korean Government (MISP) (No.NRF-2017R1A2B2002239). MIK and HSG, financially supported by scholarships from the BK21+ program of the Ministry of Education and Human Resources Development, South Korea. NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 14 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0929-1393 EI 1873-0272 J9 APPL SOIL ECOL JI Appl. Soil Ecol. PD MAR PY 2020 VL 147 AR UNSP 103400 DI 10.1016/j.apsoil.2019.103400 PG 9 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA KA1RD UT WOS:000505575100035 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Pagano, MC Duarte, NF Correa, EJA AF Pagano, Marcela Claudia Duarte, Neimar Freitas Azevedo Correa, Eduardo Jose TI Effect of crop and grassland management on mycorrhizal fungi and soil aggregation SO APPLIED SOIL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Arbuscular mycorrhizas; Crops; Grassland; Native forest ID LAND-USE; BIODIVERSITY; COMMUNITIES; CONSERVATION; AVAILABILITY; DIVERSITY; CHARCOAL; QUALITY; IMPACT AB High rates of fertilizer application can disturb the Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) occurrence and life cycle in different tropical crop/ grassland systems compared to native vegetation. With the purpose of examine benefic AMF for crop production in experimental farms, the AMF community structure across different sites was studied. The native forest showed a greater diversity of AMF, followed by the grassland and cultivated crops. The number of AMF spores was greater in the natural site where ten genera of Glomeromycota, 14 species and four morphotypes were detected. The preserved native forest showed exclusive characteristics: higher amount of soil organic matter and higher macroaggregates and charcoal content than the samples of cultivated sites. This study showed variances in AMF communities as well as potential for AMF inoculant formulation. C1 [Pagano, Marcela Claudia] Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. [Duarte, Neimar Freitas] Inst Fed Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. [Azevedo Correa, Eduardo Jose] Empresa Pesquisa Agr Minas Gerais EPAMIG URECO, Pitangui, MG, Brazil. RP Pagano, MC (reprint author), Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. EM marpagano@gmail.com NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0929-1393 EI 1873-0272 J9 APPL SOIL ECOL JI Appl. Soil Ecol. PD MAR PY 2020 VL 147 AR UNSP 103385 DI 10.1016/j.apsoil.2019.103385 PG 5 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA KA1RD UT WOS:000505575100024 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Rieff, GG Natal-da-Luz, T Renaud, M Azevedo-Pereira, HMVS Chichorro, F Schmelz, RM de Sa, ELS Sousa, JP AF Rieff, Gleidson Gimenes Natal-da-Luz, Tiago Renaud, Mathieu Azevedo-Pereira, Henrique M. V. S. Chichorro, Filipe Schmelz, Rudiger M. Saccol de Sa, Enilson Luiz Sousa, Jose Paulo TI Impact of no-tillage versus conventional maize plantation on soil mesofauna with and without the use of a lambda-cyhalothrin based insecticide: A terrestrial model ecosystem experiment SO APPLIED SOIL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Functional diversity; Cropping systems; Pyrethroid insecticide; Soil communities ID POTENTIALLY HARMFUL SUBSTANCES; PYRETHROID INSECTICIDES; FUNCTIONAL DIVERSITY; AVOIDANCE-BEHAVIOR; FOLSOMIA-CANDIDA; FIELD-VALIDATION; PREDATORY MITES; COLLEMBOLA; ARTHROPODS; EARTHWORMS AB Different soil management in crop cultures like maize can produce a variety of effects on soil fauna. Conventional cropping includes soil tillage, promoting organic matter losses and destruction of soil structure, whereas no-tillage cropping includes a herbicide application which can potentially affect soil fauna. In both management systems, insecticides are often used, such as pyrethroid insecticides, to prevent insect pests. Understanding the impact of these different cropping systems in their different phases on soil mesofauna and investigating the ability of soil communities to recover may provide important information to select cropping strategies which are more protective of soil biodiversity. With this aim, a terrestrial model ecosystem experiment was performed over eighty-nine days. The test treatments, all including maize, were: undisturbed soil; conventional tillage; conventional tillage with insecticide; no-tillage soil with herbicide; no-tillage soil with herbicide and insecticide. In each TME, soil samples from 0 to 5 and 5-10 cm of the top layer were collected from which collembolans and mites were identified to species, genus or subfamily level, and enchytraeid abundance was determined. Soil tillage did not affect soil communities, but insecticide application did. For collembolans and enchytraeids, the impact of the insecticide was independent of soil management, but for mites, insecticide impact was longer in conventional tillage than in no-tillage system. Changes on collembolan abundance, in general, did not promote changes in mean community trait values and functional diversity. Data suggest that no-tillage management is more protective to soil fauna than conventional tillage. C1 [Rieff, Gleidson Gimenes; Saccol de Sa, Enilson Luiz] Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Lab Soil Microbiol Agron, Dept Soil Sci, Av Bento Goncalves 7712, BR-91540000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. [Rieff, Gleidson Gimenes] Minist Educ Brazil, CAPES Fdn, BR-70040020 Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [Natal-da-Luz, Tiago; Renaud, Mathieu; Azevedo-Pereira, Henrique M. V. S.; Chichorro, Filipe; Sousa, Jose Paulo] Univ Coimbra, Dept Life Sci, Ctr Funct Ecol, P-3000456 Coimbra, Portugal. [Chichorro, Filipe] Univ Helsinki, LIBRe Lab Integrat Biodivers Res, Finnish Museum Nat Hist, POB 17,Pohjoinen Rautaiekatu 13, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. [Schmelz, Rudiger M.] Univ A Coruna, Fac Ciencias, GIBE, CICA, As Carballeiras S-N, La Coruna 15071, Spain. RP Natal-da-Luz, T (reprint author), Univ Coimbra, Dept Life Sci, Ctr Funct Ecol, P-3000456 Coimbra, Portugal. EM tiagonluz@iav.uc.pt FU "Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Ciencia do Solo - PPG - UFRGS" from Porto Alegre, Brazil; CAPESCAPES [BEX 17920/12-4]; EU H2020 program through the project OPTIMA [773718 - H2020-SFS-2016-2017/H2020-SFS-2017-2]; European Social Fund (FSE)European Social Fund (ESF); Portuguese Operational Human Potential Program (POPH); FCT - Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia, I.P. [UID/BIA/04004/2019] FX This work was supported by "Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Ciencia do Solo - PPG - UFRGS" from Porto Alegre, Brazil; CAPES [fellowship of Gleidson Rieff, ref. BEX 17920/12-4] and by EU H2020 program through the project OPTIMA (Grant Agreement 773718 - H2020-SFS-2016-2017/H2020-SFS-2017-2). This work was still supported by the European Social Fund (FSE), the Portuguese Operational Human Potential Program (POPH) through the research contract of T. Natal-daLuz and by FCT - Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia, I.P. within the project UID/BIA/04004/2019. NR 66 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0929-1393 EI 1873-0272 J9 APPL SOIL ECOL JI Appl. Soil Ecol. PD MAR PY 2020 VL 147 AR UNSP 103381 DI 10.1016/j.apsoil.2019.103381 PG 9 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA KA1RD UT WOS:000505575100020 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Sun, X Marian, F Bluhm, C Maraun, M Scheu, S AF Sun, Xin Marian, Franca Bluhm, Christian Maraun, Mark Scheu, Stefan TI Response of Collembola to the addition of nutrients along an altitudinal gradient of tropical montane rainforests SO APPLIED SOIL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Andes; Nitrogen; Phosphorus; Soil fauna; Diversity; Body size ID BOTTOM-UP CONTROL; BODY-SIZE; ELEVATIONAL GRADIENT; SPECIES RICHNESS; GLOBAL ANALYSIS; FRESH-WATER; BIODIVERSITY HOTSPOTS; NITROGEN DEPOSITION; DIVERSITY PATTERNS; DECIDUOUS FOREST AB Soil microarthropods are important drivers of decomposition processes in terrestrial ecosystems. However, the factors controlling their density and diversity are little understood especially in tropical ecosystems. In this study, we focus on how soil Collembola communities along an altitudinal gradient in the tropical Andes respond to moderate nutrient additions. Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) were added twice annually in a full-factorial design and Collembola communities were investigated at three sites (1000, 2000, 3000 m) along the altitudinal gradient, one and six years after the first nutrient addition. We expected Collembola to significantly respond to nutrient additions with the effect being similar in different taxonomic groups of Collembola, and increasing with the duration of the experiment and with increasing altitude. Further, we expected species richness to decline but body size to increase with both nutrient addition and increasing altitude. Both density and species richness of Collembola were low as compared to temperate regions and decreased significantly with increasing altitude. Contrasting our expectations, different groups of Collembola responded differently to nutrient additions with their response varying with altitude. The density of the dominant group of Entomobryomorpha was increased by the addition of P at higher altitude but decreased at lower altitude. By contrast, the density of Poduromopha and Symphypleona was increased by the addition of N at lower altitude but decreased at higher altitude. Notably, only the effect of the addition of P on Entomobryomorpha increased with duration of the experiment. Body size of Collembola significantly increased by the addition of N and also with increasing altitude. The results suggest that resource quality and availability rather than the amount of resources are controlling Collembola communities in tropical montane rainforests. In these ecosystems changes in human-mediated nutrient deposition therefore, are likely to affect the structure and functioning of Collembola communities as major detritivore soil animals. C1 [Sun, Xin; Marian, Franca; Bluhm, Christian; Maraun, Mark; Scheu, Stefan] Univ Gottingen, JF Blumenbach Inst Zool & Anthropol, D-37073 Gottingen, Germany. [Sun, Xin] Chinese Acad Sci, Northeast Inst Geog & Agroe, Lab Wetland Ecol & Environm, Changchun 130102, Jilin, Peoples R China. [Scheu, Stefan] Univ Gottingen, Ctr Biodivers & Sustainable Land Use, Von Siebold Str 8, D-37075 Gottingen, Germany. RP Sun, X (reprint author), Univ Gottingen, JF Blumenbach Inst Zool & Anthropol, D-37073 Gottingen, Germany. EM xsun@uni-goettingen.de FU German Research Foundation (DFG)German Research Foundation (DFG) [SCHE 376/34-1]; National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [41571052, 41430857, 41811530086, 31861133006]; Alexander von Humboldt FoundationAlexander von Humboldt Foundation; Youth Innovation Promotion Association, CAS FX We would like to express our sincere thanks to Dr. Louis Deharveng (Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris) for his help in species identification, the Ministerio de Ambiente del Ecuador for the research permit for the Podocarpus National Park and the San Francisco reserve, and Nature and Culture International (NCI) in Loja for granting access to the San Francisco reserve and the research station. This work was supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG) within the scope of the Research Unit 816 "Tropical mountain forest (TMF): Biodiversity and sustainable management of a mega diverse mountain ecosystem in south Ecuador" [grant number SCHE 376/34-1], the National Natural Science Foundation of China [grant numbers 41571052, 41430857, 41811530086, 31861133006], Alexander von Humboldt Foundation and Youth Innovation Promotion Association, CAS. NR 133 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0929-1393 EI 1873-0272 J9 APPL SOIL ECOL JI Appl. Soil Ecol. PD MAR PY 2020 VL 147 AR UNSP 103382 DI 10.1016/j.apsoil.2019.103382 PG 10 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA KA1RD UT WOS:000505575100021 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Wang, ZR Liu, YB Zhao, LN AF Wang, Zengru Liu, Yubing Zhao, Lina TI Development of fungal community is a potential indicator for evaluating the stability of biological soil crusts in temperate desert revegetation SO APPLIED SOIL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Biological soil crusts (BSCs); Fungal community composition; Functional gene abundance; Functional and compositional resilience ID MICROBIAL COMMUNITY; BIODIVERSITY; DIVERSITY; RESILIENCE AB Development of community compositional and functional gene structure of fungi in biological soil crusts (BSCs) of different successional stages in the Tengger Desert, China, was assessed using Illumina MiSeq sequencing and GeoChip analysis, respectively. Fungal diversity and abundance significantly increased during 60 years of succession, and reached close to the highest level in the late BSC development, corresponding to those in natural habitats. Principal coordinate analysis showed that the BSC fungal communities in 60-year-old revegetation and natural vegetation clustered together, when compared with short-term revegetation. Furthermore, the diversity and relative abundance of fungal functional genes involved in biogeochemical cycling and stress response in dominant phyla reached the highest level after 60 years of BSC development, indicating that this period is an important landmark for fungal community and function. Higher functional and compositional resilience in 60-year-old BSCs implied a higher level of stability of the aggregated BSC ecosystem functions. Thus, the stability of BSC ecosystems could be estimated indirectly based on the development of fungal community, and at least 60 years might be needed for the steady state of BSCs in temperate desert zones without mechanical disturbance. C1 [Wang, Zengru; Liu, Yubing; Zhao, Lina] Chinese Acad Sci, Northwest Inst Ecoenvironm & Resources, Shapotou Desert Res & Expt Stn, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, Peoples R China. [Wang, Zengru; Liu, Yubing; Zhao, Lina] Chinese Acad Sci, Northwest Inst Ecoenvironm & Resources, Key Lab Stress Physiol & Ecol Cold & Arid Reg Gan, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, Peoples R China. RP Liu, YB (reprint author), Donggang West Rd 320, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, Peoples R China. EM liuyb@lzb.ac.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [41977204, 41621001]; Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDA2003010301]; National Key Research and Development Program of China [2017YFC0504302-01] FX This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant nos. 41977204 and 41621001), the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (grant no XDA2003010301), and the National Key Research and Development Program of China (grant no 2017YFC0504302-01). NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0929-1393 EI 1873-0272 J9 APPL SOIL ECOL JI Appl. Soil Ecol. PD MAR PY 2020 VL 147 AR UNSP 103404 DI 10.1016/j.apsoil.2019.103404 PG 4 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA KA1RD UT WOS:000505575100039 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Wu, JB Li, N Wang, XD AF Wu Jianbo Li Na Wang Xiaodan TI Nitrogen deposition strengthens the relationship between plants and the soil fungal community in alpine steppe, North Tibet SO APPLIED SOIL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Plant community; Soil fungal community; Plant-fungi interaction; Nitrogen deposition; Alpine steppe ID MICROBIAL BIOMASS; TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS; PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY; SPECIES-DIVERSITY; RESPONSES; DYNAMICS; INPUTS; BIODIVERSITY; LITTER; FERTILIZATION AB The response of the relationship between plants and microbes to nitrogen (N) deposition has attracted considerable attention in the research community; however, results on how N deposition affects the relationship between plants and bacteria, fungi, or both, are inconsistent. In the present study, we estimated how the relationship between plants and the soil microbial community was affected by N deposition in a 5-year N addition experiment at an alpine steppe site in North Tibet. Nitrogen addition not only improved shoot biomass, the litter of shoot biomass, and root biomass, but also changed the composition of the plant community from one dominated by perennial forbs to perennial bunch-grasses. We found significant changes in the soil fungal community, but not in the soil bacterial community. Structural equation modeling revealed that N addition directly influenced the plant community, but not the soil microbial community. The changes in plant composition and biomass revealed that the plant community directly strengthened the abundance of soil fungi and altered its community composition, which is contrary to other research results. Therefore, our findings indicate up-regulating effects of high N availability on plant-fungi interactions in alpine steppe, which may strengthen the relationship between the plant and fungal communities and alter the ecosystem's functions and services. C1 [Wu Jianbo; Wang Xiaodan] Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Mt Environm Evolut & Regulat, Inst Mt Hazard & Environm, Chengdu, Sichuan, Peoples R China. [Li Na] Chinese Acad Sci, Chengdu Inst Biol, Key Lab Mt Ecol Restorat & Bioresource Utilizat, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, Peoples R China. [Li Na] Chinese Acad Sci, Chengdu Inst Biol, Ecol Restorat & Biodivers Conservat Key Lab Sichu, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, Peoples R China. RP Wang, XD (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Mt Environm Evolut & Regulat, Inst Mt Hazard & Environm, Chengdu, Sichuan, Peoples R China. EM wxd@imde.ac.cn FU Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDA20020401]; National Key Research and Development Program [2016YFC0502002]; National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [41401072, 41571205] FX This study was financially supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDA20020401), National Key Research and Development Program (2016YFC0502002) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41401072 and 41571205). NR 58 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0929-1393 EI 1873-0272 J9 APPL SOIL ECOL JI Appl. Soil Ecol. PD MAR PY 2020 VL 147 AR UNSP 103441 DI 10.1016/j.apsoil.2019.103441 PG 7 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA KA1RD UT WOS:000505575100055 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Macintyre, P van Niekerk, A Mucina, L AF Macintyre, Paul van Niekerk, Adriaan Mucina, Ladislav TI Efficacy of multi-season Sentinel-2 imagery for compositional vegetation classification SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATION AND GEOINFORMATION LA English DT Article DE Mapping; Multispectral; Phenology; Tasselled cap; Vegetation classification ID LAND-COVER CLASSIFICATION; REMOTE-SENSING IMAGERY; FEATURE-SELECTION; MACHINE; SUPPORT; DIMENSIONALITY; BIODIVERSITY; REFLECTANCE; CLASSIFIERS; ALGORITHMS AB Vegetation maps are essential tools for the conservation and management of landscapes as they contain essential information for informing conservation decisions. Traditionally, maps have been created using field-based approaches which, due to limitations in costs and time, restrict the size of the area for which they can be created and frequency at which they can be updated. With the increasing availability of satellite sensors providing multi-spectral imagery with high temporal frequency, new methods for efficient and accurate vegetation mapping have been developed. The objective of this study was to investigate to what extent multi-seasonal Sentinel-2 imagery can assist in mapping complex compositional classifications at fine spatial scales. We deliberately chose a challenging case study, namely a visually and structurally homogenous scrub vegetation (known as kwongan) of Western Australia. The classification scheme consists of 24 target classes and a random 60/40 split was used for model building and validation. We compared several multi-temporal (seasonal) feature sets, consisting of numerous combinations of spectral bands, vegetation indices as well as principal component and tasselled cap transformations, as input to four machine learning classifiers (Support Vector Machines; SVM, Nearest Neighbour; NN, Random Forests; RF, and Classification Trees; CT) to separate target classes. The results show that a multi-temporal feature set combining autumn and spring images sufficiently captured the phenological differences between the classes and produced the best results, with SVM (74%) and NN (72%) classifiers returning statistically superior results compared to RF (65%) and CT (50%). The SWIR spectral bands captured during spring, the greenness indices captured during spring and the tasselled cap transformations derived from the autumn image emerged as most informative, which suggests that ecological factors (e.g. shared species, patch dynamics) occurring at a sub-pixel level likely had the biggest impact on class confusion. However, despite these challenges, the results are auspicious and suggest that seasonal Sentinel-2 imagery has the potential to predict compositional vegetation classes with high accuracy. Further work is needed to determine whether these results are replicable in other vegetation types and regions. C1 [Macintyre, Paul] Univ Western Australia, Sch Biol Sci, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, WA 6009, Australia. [van Niekerk, Adriaan; Mucina, Ladislav] Stellenbosch Univ, Dept Geog & Environm Studies, Ctr Geog Anal, Private Bag X1, ZA-7602 Stellenbosch, South Africa. [Mucina, Ladislav] Murdoch Univ, Harry Butler Inst, Iluka Chair Vegetat Sci & Biogeog, 90 South St, Perth, WA 6150, Australia. RP Macintyre, P (reprint author), Univ Western Australia, Sch Biol Sci, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, WA 6009, Australia. EM paul.macintyre@research.uwa.edu.au FU ARC Linkage grantAustralian Research Council [LP150100339] FX This study benefitted by funding from the ARC Linkage grant LP150100339. The authors would also like to acknowledge Timothy Hammer for his insight into ecological interpretations and James Tsakalos for providing the vegetation classification scheme. The Authors would like to thank two anonymous reviewers for their valuable suggestions. NR 81 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 19 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0303-2434 J9 INT J APPL EARTH OBS JI Int. J. Appl. Earth Obs. Geoinf. PD MAR PY 2020 VL 85 AR 101980 DI 10.1016/j.jag.2019.101980 PG 10 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA JU4BA UT WOS:000501621200006 OA Other Gold, Green Published DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Mosquera, WG Criado, LY Guerra, BE AF Giovanny Mosquera, Wilmer Yajaira Criado, Libeth Elena Guerra, Beatriz TI Antimicrobial activity of endophytic fungi from medicinal plants Mammea americana (Calophyllaceae) and Moringa oleifera (Moringaceae) SO BIOMEDICA LA Spanish DT Article DE Drug resistance; microbial; endophytes; plants; medicinal; Escherichia coli; Staphylococcus aureus ID BIODIVERSITY AB Introduction: Infectious diseases are the main cause of deaths in the world, antimicrobial resistance is a global problem, and therefore, research of new sources of potentially effective antimicrobial agents, of natural origin is convenient. Objective: To evaluate the antimicrobial activity of endophytic fungi of M. americana and M. oleifera in S. aureus (ATCC (R) 29213 (TM)) S. aureus (resistant strain USb003), E. coli (ATCC (R) 25922 (TM)) and E. coli (resistant strain USb007). 25922 (TM)). Materials and methods: Endophytic fungi, leaves, seeds and stems of the two plants under study were isolated. Their antimicrobial activity was evaluated through the formation of sensitivity haloes by dual tests in vitro and through tests with crude ethanolic extracts from the endophytes, to which they were evaluated minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). and cytotoxicity. Results: Three ethanolic extracts of Penicillium sp., Cladosporium (001) and Cladosporium (002), showed greater inhibition halos in sensitive and resistant strains of E. coli and S. aureus. The MIC, CBM found, were statistically significant (P <= 0.05), compared with the control of gentamicin, the cytotoxicity tests CC50>1000 showed that endophytic fungi have bactericidal characteristics without causing any damage. Conclusion: There is a source of active secondary metabolites with antimicrobial and non-toxic properties in the endophytic fungi of M. oleifera and M. americana; these findings are important to continue with chemical identification of the compounds, and research on the mechanisms of action, highlighting that the isolation of endophytes in these plants is scarce or unknown. C1 [Giovanny Mosquera, Wilmer; Elena Guerra, Beatriz] Univ Santander, Maestria Invest Enfermedades Infecciosas, Grp Invest Biotecnol Agroambiente & Salud Microbi, Bucaramanga, Colombia. [Yajaira Criado, Libeth] Univ Santander, Escuela Med, Grp Salud Comunid UDES, Bucaramanga, Colombia. RP Guerra, BE (reprint author), Univ Santander, Grp Biotecnol Agroambiente & Salud Microbiota, Calle 107 21 05,Campus Univ Lagos Cac, Bucaramanga, Colombia. EM bguerra@udes.edu.co NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 169 U2 169 PU INST NACIONAL SALUD PI BOGOTA D C PA AVENIDA CALLE 26 NO 51-60, APARTADO AEREO 80334 Y 80080, BOGOTA D C, 00000, COLOMBIA SN 0120-4157 EI 2590-7379 J9 BIOMEDICA JI Biomedica PD MAR PY 2020 VL 40 IS 1 PG 41 WC Tropical Medicine SC Tropical Medicine GA IU2DQ UT WOS:000483388900003 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Lopez, MJ Slavov, S AF Lopez, Mary J. Slavov, Sita TI Do immigrants delay retirement and social security claiming? SO APPLIED ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE Immigrants; retirement; wealth; social security ID HEALTH-INSURANCE; US-BORN; WORK; BEHAVIOR; MEN AB We use data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) to examine how immigrants' retirement and Social Security claiming patterns compare to those of natives. We find that immigrants retire and claim Social Security at older ages than natives, an effect that is similar across immigrant ethnic groups and more pronounced among immigrants who arrived in the U.S. after age 40. We discuss and explore possible mechanisms for these differences. Hazard models suggests that these differences arise because immigrants have lower retirement and claiming hazard rates in their early 60s. We do not find evidence of an increase in the rate at which immigrants move abroad or exit the survey, compared to U.S. natives, in their late 50s through 60s, a finding that is consistent with immigrants retiring in the U.S. rather than abroad. These results are important given the rising share of older immigrants living in the U.S., and they have implications for the impact of immigration on government finances as well as the retirement security of an important subgroup of the population. C1 [Lopez, Mary J.] Occidental Coll, Dept Econ, 1600 Campus Rd, Los Angeles, CA 90041 USA. [Slavov, Sita] George Mason Univ, Schar Sch Policy & Govt, Arlington, VA USA. RP Lopez, MJ (reprint author), Occidental Coll, Dept Econ, 1600 Campus Rd, Los Angeles, CA 90041 USA. EM mlopez@oxy.edu NR 63 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0003-6846 EI 1466-4283 J9 APPL ECON JI Appl. Econ. PD FEB 25 PY 2020 VL 52 IS 10 BP 1105 EP 1123 DI 10.1080/00036846.2019.1659492 PG 19 WC Economics SC Business & Economics GA KG7JT UT WOS:000510124900005 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Aljaibachi, R Laird, WB Stevens, F Callaghan, A AF Aljaibachi, Rana Laird, William Bruce Stevens, Freya Callaghan, Amanda TI Impacts of polystyrene microplastics on Daphnia magna: A laboratory and a mesocosm study SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Contaminated Land, Ecological Assessment and Remediation (CLEAR) - Green and Sustainable Land Remediation CY AUG 16-18, 2018 CL Hong Kong Polytechn Univ, Hong Kong, HONG KONG SP Educ Univ Hong Kong, Korea Univ, Hong Kong Polytechn Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Chulalongkorn Univ, Hongkong Elect, Seoul Natl Univ, WSP Ltd HO Hong Kong Polytechn Univ DE Ecotoxicology; Microplastics; Mesocosms; Daphnia magna; Biodiversity ID FRESH-WATER; CHRONIC TOXICITY; REPRODUCTION; EXPOSURE; GROWTH; ORGANISMS; INGESTION; FECUNDITY; SEDIMENTS; POLLUTION AB Most research into microplastics (MPs) in freshwaters has concentrated on measurements under controlled conditions without any link to the natural environment. Here we studied the effects of a 15 mu m polystyrene MP on Daphnia magna survival, growth, and reproduction in the laboratory. We also exposed fifteen 25 L freshwater mesocosms to a high concentration of the same MI's. Five were controls seeded with five species found in all ponds (mosquito, water flea, midge, spire shell and water mite), five identical but treated with 15 mu m polystyrene MPs and five seeded with only mosquitoes and water fleas. The laboratory chronic toxicity test for both adults and neonate Daphnia magna revealed that effects were more related to the availability of food rather than the toxicity of MPs. In the mesocosms most of the MPs settled in the sediment after the first week of exposure. After four weeks the D. magna population decreased significantly in the MP mesocosms compared to the control mesocosms. although it subsequently recovered. There was no impact on other organisms added to the mesocosms, other than a difference in timing of lesser water boatman (Corixa punctata) colonisation, which colonised the control mesocosms in week 4 and the treated 4 weeks later. The detrivorous, sediment sifting, mayfly Leptophkbia marginaia appeared in mesocosms in the fourth week of sampling and with significantly higher numbers in the MP treated mesocosm. Their activity had no significant impact on Mr's in the water column, although numbers did increase above zero. The significant decline of D. magna suggests that their effect in a natural situation is unpredictable where environmental conditions and invertebrate communities may add additional stresses. (C) 2018 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Aljaibachi, Rana; Laird, William Bruce; Stevens, Freya; Callaghan, Amanda] Univ Reading, Sch Biol Sci, Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Harborne Bldg, Reading RG6 6AS, Berks, England. RP Callaghan, A (reprint author), Univ Reading, Sch Biol Sci, Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Harborne Bldg, Reading RG6 6AS, Berks, England. EM a.callaghan@reading.ac.uk OI Callaghan, Amanda/0000-0002-2731-3352; Al-jaibachi, Rana/0000-0003-2342-6621 NR 56 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD FEB 25 PY 2020 VL 705 AR 135800 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135800 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KD8RF UT WOS:000508129700055 PM 31972940 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Cai, HY Li, FR Jin, GZ AF Cai, Huiying Li, Fengri Jin, Guangze TI Soil nutrients, forest structure and species traits drive aboveground carbon dynamics in an old-growth temperate forest SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Ecosystem functioning; Community dynamics; Biodiversity; Trait composition; Soil properties; Light environment ID FUNCTIONAL DIVERSITY; SIZE INEQUALITY; TREE GROWTH; BIOMASS; PRODUCTIVITY; BIODIVERSITY; PATTERNS; RATES; ECOSYSTEMS; WATER AB Forests store a substantial amount of terrestrial carbon (C), but the drivers of forest C dynamics remain poorly understood, especially in old-growth forests. Here, we evaluate how aboveground C dynamics (i.e., net C change and its demographic processes: C gain from the growth of surviving trees (Delta C-surv), C gain from the growth of recruited trees (Delta C-recr) and C loss by tree mortality (Delta C-mort)) are driven by vegetation attributes (diversity, trait composition and forest structure) and habitat conditions (soil properties and light environment), as well as how Delta C-surv, Delta C-recr and Delta C-mort contribute to net C change. Using 10-year interval demographic data from a 9-ha permanent plot in an old-growth temperate forest in northeastern China, we performed structural equation model to relate the C dynamics to the vegetation attributes and habitat conditions. The net C change is most strongly determined by Delta C-mort. High soil phosphorus concentrations increased Delta C-surv. soil moisture increased Delta C-recr, and leaf area index increased both Delta C-sury and Delta C-recr. Diversity (i.e., structural diversity) had a positive relationship with Delta C-sury but was not related to Delta C-rea or Delta C-mort. Trait composition was significantly related to all three demographic processes. Forest structure was the best predictor of Delta C-sury and AC-recr. The net C change increased with higher soil phosphorus concentrations and basal area and in communities dominated by conservative traits (i.e., high wood density). This study highlights that soil nutrients, forest structure and trait composition are important drivers of net C change in old-growth temperate forests. Better insights into C storage and productivity can be gained by simultaneously evaluating the vegetation attributes and habitat conditions of C dynamics in natural ecosystems. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Cai, Huiying; Li, Fengri] Northeast Forestry Univ, Sch Forestry, Harbin 150040, Peoples R China. [Jin, Guangze] Northeast Forestry Univ, Ctr Ecol Res, Harbin 150040, Peoples R China. [Cai, Huiying; Li, Fengri; Jin, Guangze] Northeast Forestry Univ, Key Lab Sustainable Forest Ecosyst Management, Minist Educ, Harbin 150040, Peoples R China. RP Jin, GZ (reprint author), Northeast Forestry Univ, Ctr Ecol Res, Harbin 150040, Peoples R China. EM taxus@126.com FU National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [31901299]; China Postdoctoral Science FoundationChina Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2017M621232]; Heilongjiang Postdoctoral Foundation [LBH-Z17004] FX We thank the editor and anonymous reviewers for the constructive comments that improved the quality of the manuscript. This study was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31901299), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation Funded Project (No. 2017M621232) and the Heilongjiang Postdoctoral Foundation (No. LBH-Z17004). NR 66 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD FEB 25 PY 2020 VL 705 AR 135874 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135874 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KD8RF UT WOS:000508129700107 PM 31841914 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Fernandez-Martinez, M Corbera, J Domene, X Sayol, F Sabater, F Preece, C AF Fernandez-Martinez, M. Corbera, J. Domene, X. Sayol, F. Sabater, F. Preece, C. TI Nitrate pollution reduces bryophyte diversity in Mediterranean springs SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Mosses; Liverworts; Biodiversity loss; Intensive farming; Groundwater ID NITROGEN DEPOSITION; ENVIRONMENTAL-CHANGE; SPECIES RICHNESS; GROWTH-RESPONSES; UNITED-STATES; EUROPE; PRECIPITATION; TRENDS AB Anthropogenic activities and intensive farming arc causing nitrate pollution in groundwater bodies. These aquifers are drained by springs which, in the Mediterranean region, act as refugia for preserving biodiversity of species that need continuous water. Some springs are also used for drinking water for wild animals, livestock and humans, so if their water quality is compromised it can become a threat to public health. However, the impact of nitrate pollution on these biotic communities remains unknown. We sampled 338 assemblages of aquatic and semi-aquatic bryophytes (i.e., hygrophytic mosses and liverworts) growing in springs in a gradient of water conductivity, nitrate concentration and climate and distributed across the north-east of the Iberian Peninsula to investigate the impact of nitrate pollution on the diversity of bryophytes and moss functional traits in Mediterranean springs. Based on previous literature suggesting that increased nitrogen load decreases biodiversity in grasslands and freshwater ecosystems, we hypothesised that water nitrate pollution in springs decreases bryophyte diversity at the local and regional scales. Our results indicated that, at the local scale (spring), nitrate pollution reduced the number and the likelihood of finding a rare species in springs. Rare species were found in 4% of the springs with nitrate above 50 mg but in 32% of the springs with nitrate below 50 mg L-1. Moss, liv- erwort and overall bryophyte diversity were not directly affected by nitrate at the local scale but nitrate consistently decreased diversity of mosses, liverworts and rare bryophyte species at the regional scale. We also found that warmer and drier springs presented fewer bryophyte species. Our results show that the combination of nitrate pollution, increasing temperature and drought could severely threaten bryophyte diversity Mediterranean springs. Our results indicate that the absence of rare bryophytes could be used as a bioindicator of nitrate pollution in springs. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Fernandez-Martinez, M.] Univ Antwerp, Dept Biol, PLECO Plants & Ecosyst, B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium. [Fernandez-Martinez, M.; Corbera, J.] Delegacio Serralada Litoral Cent ICHN, Mataro, Catalonia, Spain. [Domene, X.] CREAF, Bellaterra 08193, Spain. [Sayol, F.] Univ Gothenburg, Dept Biol & Environm Sci, S-40530 Gothenburg, Sweden. [Sayol, F.] Gothenburg Global Biodivers Ctr GGBC, S-40530 Gothenburg, Sweden. [Sabater, F.] Univ Barcelona, Dept Ecol, Barcelona, Spain. [Preece, C.] Global Ecol Unit, CSIC, CREAF CSIC UAB, Bellaterra, Spain. RP Fernandez-Martinez, M (reprint author), Univ Antwerp, Dept Biol, PLECO Plants & Ecosyst, B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium. EM marcos.fernandez-martinez@uantwerpen.be RI Fernandez-Martinez, Marcos/I-7240-2012; Preece, Catherine/A-9712-2018 OI Fernandez-Martinez, Marcos/0000-0002-5661-3610; Preece, Catherine/0000-0001-6584-3541 FU Institucio Catalana d'Historia Natural (ICHN); Seccio de Ciencies Biologiques de l'Institut d'Estudis Catalans (IEC) FX We acknowledge the Institucio Catalana d'Historia Natural (ICHN) and the Seccio de Ciencies Biologiques de l'Institut d'Estudis Catalans (IEC) for funding the project. We also acknowledge all the volunteers and "Teaming" supporters of theDelegation of the Serralada Litoral Central. We thank Dr. Miquel Jover for his helpwith moss identification. We thank the Grup de Naturalistes d'Osona (GNO-ICHN), Llucanes Viu and all those people who helped us finding the springs. M.F-M is a postdoctoral fellow of the Research Foundation - Flanders (FWO). NR 54 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD FEB 25 PY 2020 VL 705 AR 135823 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135823 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KD8RF UT WOS:000508129700074 PM 31972951 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Janssen, S Vreugdenhil, H Hermans, L Slinger, J AF Janssen, Stephanie Vreugdenhil, Heleen Hermans, Leon Slinger, Jill TI On the nature based flood defence dilemma and its Resolution: A game theory based analysis SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Multi-level decision making; Building with Nature; Implementation; Sand Engine, Afsluitdijk, Markermeerdam; Social dilemma ID INTEGRATED COASTAL MANAGEMENT; GOVERNANCE; KNOWLEDGE; BIODIVERSITY; SERVICES AB Nature-based flood defence is an innovative design alternative for achieving protection against flooding. Despite significant advancements in science, models and concepts, routine implementation beyond pilot projects remains limited. To better understand why, we have looked into the complexities of nature-based flood defence implementation and its resolutions, modelling decision-making situations using game theory in three nature-based flood defence cases: The Markermeer Dikes, the Afsluitdijk Dam and the Sand Engine. We observe that nature-based flood defence games are of a multi-level and nested nature. While the decision of whether to employ a nature-based flood defence is seemingly made at the project level, this can only happen when it is coherent with the institutional context that is determined at the policy level. A social dilemma is apparent: while a multi-functional nature-based solution is attractive to a coalition of actors, it is not the most beneficial option for individual actors. Hence, they are faced with the dilemma of opting for their maximum benefit or opting for the greater societal benefit which is less favorable to them. This social dilemma can be tackled by making 'smart moves', as inspired by the Sand Engine case. The nested nature of the problem requires structural change in the institutional context to enable favourable conditions for nature-based flood defence implementations. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Janssen, Stephanie; Vreugdenhil, Heleen; Hermans, Leon; Slinger, Jill] Delft Univ Technol, Fac Technol Policy & Management, Jaffalaan 5, NL-2618 BX Delft, Netherlands. [Janssen, Stephanie; Vreugdenhil, Heleen] Deltares, Boussinesqweg 1, NL-2629 HZ Delft, Netherlands. [Hermans, Leon] IHE Delft, Westvest 7, NL-2611 AX Delft, Netherlands. [Slinger, Jill] Rhodes Univ, Inst Water Res, POB 94, ZA-6140 Grahamstown, South Africa. RP Vreugdenhil, H (reprint author), Delft Univ Technol, Fac Technol Policy & Management, Jaffalaan 5, NL-2618 BX Delft, Netherlands.; Vreugdenhil, H (reprint author), Deltares, Boussinesqweg 1, NL-2629 HZ Delft, Netherlands. EM Heleen.vreugdenhil@deltares.nl FU Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO)Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO); Deltares; Boskalis; Van Oord; World Wildlife Fund; HZ University of Applied Science [850.13.010]; Rijkswaterstaat FX This work is part of the research programme BE SAFE, Bio-Engineering for Safety using vegetated foreshores", which is financed by the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO), Deltares, Boskalis, Van Oord, Rijkswaterstaat, World Wildlife Fund and HZ University of Applied Science. Projectnumber 850.13.010. NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD FEB 25 PY 2020 VL 705 AR 135359 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135359 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KD8RF UT WOS:000508129700016 PM 31838412 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Kraut-Cohen, J Zolti, A Shaltiel-Harpaz, L Argaman, E Rabinovich, R Green, SJ Minz, D AF Kraut-Cohen, Judith Zolti, Avihai Shaltiel-Harpaz, Liora Argaman, Eli Rabinovich, Rachel Green, Stefan J. Minz, Dror TI Effects of tillage practices on soil microbiome and agricultural parameters SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Contaminated Land, Ecological Assessment and Remediation (CLEAR) - Green and Sustainable Land Remediation CY AUG 16-18, 2018 CL Hong Kong Polytechn Univ, Hong Kong, HONG KONG SP Educ Univ Hong Kong, Korea Univ, Hong Kong Polytechn Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Chulalongkorn Univ, Hongkong Elect, Seoul Natl Univ, WSP Ltd HO Hong Kong Polytechn Univ DE Tillage; Soil ecology; Soil microbiome; Microbial communities ID ORGANIC-MATTER; NO-TILLAGE; BACTERIAL COMMUNITY; CARBON SEQUESTRATION; CROP-ROTATION; DIVERSITY; BIODIVERSITY; STABILITY; BIOMASS; RATIO AB No-tillage (NT) is a common soil-conservation management practice with known agricultural advantages and drawbacks. However, its short- and long-term effects on the soil microbiome have not been well established. Here, we compared conventional (CT), minimal (MT) and NT practices in two agricultural fields in the north of Israel over a period of 3 years. Edaphic properties, plant-associated pests, weed species abundance and soil microbial community structure were assessed to examine the effects of tillage. Tillage significantly altered physical and chemical soil properties, and a significant increase in hydrolytic and redox microbial activities was observed in NT soils from both sites. Consistent with this, the microbial community structure of NT samples diverged significantly over time from those of CT samples. Repetitive tillage and even a single tillage event caused significant changes in the relative abundance of microorganisms at taxonomic levels ranging from phylum to OTU. However, no significant difference between treatments was found in microbial community alpha-diversity or crop yield. Conversely, higher levels of weed diversity and some pests number were found in NT samples. Overall, we demonstrate that tillage plays a major role in shaping microbial community structure, and in influencing additional environmental, ecological and agricultural soil parameters. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Kraut-Cohen, Judith; Zolti, Avihai; Minz, Dror] Agr Res Org, Volcani Ctr, Inst Soil Water & Environm Sci, IL-7505101 Rishon Leziyyon, Israel. [Zolti, Avihai] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Robert H Smith Fac Agr Food & Environm, Dept Plant Pathol & Microbiol, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. [Shaltiel-Harpaz, Liora] Migal Galilee Res Inst, POB 831, IL-11016 Kiryat Shmona, Israel. [Shaltiel-Harpaz, Liora] Tel Hai Coll, Dept Environm Sci, IL-12210 Upper Galilee, Israel. [Argaman, Eli] Minist Agr & Rural Dev, Soil Eros Res Stn, Soil Conservat & Drainage Div, Rishon Leziyyon, Israel. [Rabinovich, Rachel] Valley Farmer Ctr, Migdal Haemeq, Israel. [Green, Stefan J.] Univ Illinois, Res Resources Ctr, Sequencing Core, Chicago, IL USA. RP Kraut-Cohen, J (reprint author), Agr Res Org, Volcani Ctr, Inst Soil Water & Environm Sci, IL-7505101 Rishon Leziyyon, Israel. EM judith@volcani.agri.gov.il OI Zolti, Avihai/0000-0001-9088-7933 FU Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, fund [277-0507-15] FX This work was supported by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, fund no. 277-0507-15. We would like to thank Avi Perevolotsky and Dafna Lavi for their assistance. NR 75 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD FEB 25 PY 2020 VL 705 AR 135791 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135791 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KD8RF UT WOS:000508129700049 PM 31810706 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Mortier, K AF Mortier, Kathleen TI Communities of Practice: a Conceptual Framework for Inclusion of Students with Significant Disabilities SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INCLUSIVE EDUCATION LA English DT Article DE Inclusive education; significant disabilities; communities of practice; teacher education; theoretical framework of knowledge ID TEACHER PREPARATION; EDUCATION; CHILDREN; PARENTS; PROFESSIONALS; PLACEMENT; ATTITUDES; PROGRESS AB Inclusion of students with severe intellectual disabilities in general education classrooms remains a major challenge in education systems around the world. This is despite the manifest value of inclusion: it is consistent with today's hybrid, diverse knowledge societies, there are direct benefits for all students involved, and inclusion is a human right, which means that a status quo in which students are segregated for most of the school day needs to be continually challenged. This conceptual paper discusses how communities of practice, as an alternative theoretical framework of knowledge, can address some of the persistent barriers to inclusive education for these students. A community of practice (a) provides an alternative to a traditional top-down approach to innovation, (b) allows space for uncertainty and trust, (c) closes the gap between espoused theory and theory in use about special expertise, and (d) dilutes the effects of power imbalances and competing priorities among parents and educators. Adopting this framework of fluid knowledge based on local narratives can help inclusion teams recognise the unique ways in which they can move their practice forward; it can also help teacher preparation programmes shift away from a diagnostic focus when preparing teacher candidates to include students with disabilities. C1 [Mortier, Kathleen] San Francisco State Univ, Dept Special Educ, 1600 Holloway Ave, San Francisco, CA 94132 USA. RP Mortier, K (reprint author), San Francisco State Univ, Dept Special Educ, 1600 Holloway Ave, San Francisco, CA 94132 USA. EM kmortier@sfsu.edu NR 50 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 4 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1360-3116 EI 1464-5173 J9 INT J INCLUSIVE EDUC JI Int. J. Incl. Educ. PD FEB 23 PY 2020 VL 24 IS 3 BP 329 EP 340 DI 10.1080/13603116.2018.1461261 PG 12 WC Education & Educational Research SC Education & Educational Research GA KG3HY UT WOS:000509834400006 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Al-Eitan, LN Rababa, DM AF AL-Eitan, Laith N. Rababa, Doaa M. TI Correlation between a variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) polymorphism in SMYD3 gene and breast cancer: A genotype-phenotype study SO GENE LA English DT Article DE Cancer; Breast; SMYD3; VNTR; Prognosis ID RISK-FACTOR; SUSCEPTIBILITY; PROLIFERATION; EXPRESSION; CARCINOMA; VARIANTS; REGION AB Genetic predisposition to breast cancer (BC) has become one of the most studied aspects of the disease. Advances in the field of cancer research have revealed the role of different genetic polymorphisms within genes of interest in the development of BC. This study aimed to explore the impact of a variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) genetic variant found within the SET and MYND domain containing protein 3 (SMYD3) gene on BC risk in Jordan and examine key clinical and pathological prognostic factors. Genotyping of blood samples from 180 cases with breast cancer and 180 healthy individuals from the Jordanian population was carried out via a combination of PCR and agarose gel electrophoresis. A highly significant association was found at level of genotype (P-value = 0.009) and allele (P-value = 0.0001) between BC development and the VNTR variant in the SMYD3 gene among Jordanian women. Moreover, we found that the VNTR of SMYD3 gene may interfere with BC risk among patients with different immunohistochemistry (IHC) profiles (P-value < 0.05). This study reported that there is a significant correlation between BC development and the VNTR in the SMYD3 gene. These findings can help alleviate the burden of BC in developing countries including Jordan and to fill the gaps in current literature. Since this study was carried out on Jordanian Arabs, more studies on the link between BC and the SMYD3 VNTR variant are recommended to determine this polymorphism's impact on other ethnic groups. C1 [AL-Eitan, Laith N.] Jordan Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Appl Biol Sci, Irbid 22110, Jordan. [AL-Eitan, Laith N.; Rababa, Doaa M.] Jordan Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Biotechnol & Genet Engn, Irbid 22110, Jordan. RP Al-Eitan, LN (reprint author), Jordan Univ Sci & Technol, POB 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan. EM lneitan@just.edu.jo OI Al-Eitan, Laith/0000-0003-0064-0190 FU Deanship of Research, Jordan University of Science and Technology [RN: 126/2017] FX The authors thank the Royal Medical Services for approving the study in the first instance. This study was funded by the Deanship of Research (RN: 126/2017), Jordan University of Science and Technology. NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 11 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1119 EI 1879-0038 J9 GENE JI Gene PD FEB 20 PY 2020 VL 728 AR 144281 DI 10.1016/j.gene.2019.144281 PG 5 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA KE7SH UT WOS:000508750900002 PM 31836525 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Li, SC Xiao, W Zhao, YL Lv, XJ AF Li, Sucui Xiao, Wu Zhao, Yanling Lv, Xuejiao TI Incorporating ecological risk index in the multi-process MCRE model to optimize the ecological security pattern in a semi-arid area with intensive coal mining: A case study in northern China SO JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION LA English DT Article DE Ecological security pattern (ESP); Ecological source; Ecological corridor; Ecological risk index; Multi-process MCRE model; Landscape connectivity index ID LAND-USE CHANGE; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; HABITAT QUALITY; LANDSCAPE; IDENTIFY; IMPACT; CONNECTIVITY; BIODIVERSITY; RESTORATION; DYNAMICS AB High-intensity coal mining has resulted in numerous ecological and environmental problems, and seriously threatens ecological security in China. The identification and optimization of the ecological security pattern (ESP) can facilitate sustainable development while preserving the integrity and stability of ecosystems, which is important for improving ecological security in fragile ecosystems and areas of intensive coal mining. This paper presents an integrated framework for identifying, analyzing, and optimizing ESP in consideration of the core area extracted based on morphological spatial pattern analysis (MSPA), ecosystem services importance, and ecological risk index. The innovative method combines the model of linking different ecological source grades to multi-process minimum cumulative resistance (multi-process MCRE model) and kernel density analysis and includes the following steps: (1) ecological patches are delimited by assessing ecosystem services importance based on the contributions of water resources supply, soil conservation, gas regulation, and habitat maintenance; (2) ecological sources are identified by considering landscape connectivity along with the number and area of important ecological patches; (3) ecological resistance coefficient is determined based on the ecological risk index, which is constructed by coupling the surface drought index, landscape ecological risk index, and mine disaster risk index; (4) ecological corridors are extracted using the multi-process MCRE model, which is based on minimum cumulative resistance (MCR) theory, and the ecological potentials of ecological sources; and (5) the ESP is optimized via kernel density analysis, and regulation zones are defined based on the optimized ESP. Results demonstrate that the optimized ESP in study area included 3326 km(2) of ecological sources that primarily dominated by grassland, 58 ecological nodes, 827.92 km of group corridors and 308.21 km of landscape corridors; which distribution pattern was "three horizontal, two vertical, and two circles" to ensure continuity of ecological process within study area. The restrictive, protective and key development areas accounted for 17.36%, 59.81%, and 22.83%, respectively; and corresponding planning recommendations were raised. This study not only provides an effective framework to identify, construct, and optimize ESPs in ecologically fragile coal-mining areas, but also purposes the multi-process MCRE model and ecological sources quantification that suitable for global region to achieve the sustainability between resource exploitation, urban development, and ecological protection. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Li, Sucui; Zhao, Yanling; Lv, Xuejiao] China Univ Min & Technol, Coll Geosci & Surveying Engn, D11 Xueyuan Rd, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. [Xiao, Wu] Zhejiang Univ, Dept Land Management, 866 Yuhangtang Rd, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. RP Xiao, W (reprint author), Zhejiang Univ, Dept Land Management, 866 Yuhangtang Rd, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. EM lisucui528@163.com; xiaowu@zju.edu.cn; zhaoyl7677@163.com; 641366615@qq.com FU Open Fund of State Key Laboratory of Water Resource Protection and Utilization in Coal Mining [SHJT-16-30.16]; National Key R&D Program of China [2016YFC0501103] FX This work is supported by the Open Fund of State Key Laboratory of Water Resource Protection and Utilization in Coal Mining (Grant No. SHJT-16-30.16), and National Key R&D Program of China (Grant No. 2016YFC0501103). NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 22 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0959-6526 EI 1879-1786 J9 J CLEAN PROD JI J. Clean Prod. PD FEB 20 PY 2020 VL 247 AR 119143 DI 10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.119143 PG 16 WC Green & Sustainable Science & Technology; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KA3KC UT WOS:000505696700061 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Ahlen, I Hamback, P Thorslund, J Frampton, A Destouni, G Jarsjo, J AF Ahlen, Imenne Hamback, Peter Thorslund, Josefin Frampton, Andrew Destouni, Georgia Jarsjo, Jerker TI Wetlandscape size thresholds for ecosystem service delivery: Evidence from the Norrstrom drainage basin, Sweden SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Wetlandscape; Wetland function; Ecohydrological characteristics; Nutrient retention; Biodiversity support; Wetland management ID NITROGEN TRANSPORT; CLIMATE-CHANGE; SCALE; CONNECTIVITY; IMPACTS AB Wetlands are interconnected with the larger surrounding landscape through the hydrological cycling of water and waterborne substances. Therefore, the borders of individual wetlands may not be appropriate landscape system boundaries for understanding large-scale functions and ecosystem services of wetlandscapes (wetland network - landscape systems), and how these can be impacted by climate and land-use changes. Recognizing that such large-scale behaviours may not be easily predicted by simple extrapolation of individual wetland behaviours, we here investigate properties of 15 Swedish wetlandscapes in the extensive (22 650 km(2)) Norrstrom drainage basin (NDB) comprising as many as 1699 wetlands. Results based on wetland survey data in combination with GIS-based ecohydrological analyses showed that wetlands located in wetlandscapes above a certain size (in the NDB: similar to 250 km(2)) consistently formed networks with characteristics required to support key ecosystem services such as nutrient/pollutant retention and biodiversity support. This was in contrast to smaller wetlandscapes (<250 km(2)), which had smaller and less diverse wetlands with insufficient throughflow to significantly impact large-scale flows of water and nutrients/pollutants. The existence of such wetlandscape-size thresholds is consistent with scale-dependent flow accumulation patterns in catchments, suggesting likely transferability of this result also to other regions. (C) 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Ahlen, Imenne; Thorslund, Josefin; Frampton, Andrew; Destouni, Georgia; Jarsjo, Jerker] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys Geog, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Ahlen, Imenne; Thorslund, Josefin; Frampton, Andrew; Destouni, Georgia; Jarsjo, Jerker] Stockholm Univ, Bolin Ctr Climate Res, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Hamback, Peter] Stockholm Univ, Dept Ecol Environm & Plant Sci, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. RP Ahlen, I (reprint author), Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys Geog, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.; Ahlen, I (reprint author), Stockholm Univ, Bolin Ctr Climate Res, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. EM imenne.ahlen@natgeo.su.se RI ; Destouni, Georgia/M-9662-2016 OI Frampton, Andrew/0000-0002-4587-6706; Destouni, Georgia/0000-0001-9408-4425 FU Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Research Area 7; Landscape Processes and Climate FX This research was supported by the Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Research Area 7; Landscape Processes and Climate. NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 14 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD FEB 20 PY 2020 VL 704 AR 135452 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135452 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA JY8QK UT WOS:000504672800156 PM 31810688 OA Other Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Bradley, PM Romanok, KM Duncan, JR Battaglin, WA Clark, JM Hladik, ML Huffman, BJ Iwanowicz, LR Journey, CA Smalling, KL AF Bradley, Paul M. Romanok, Kristin M. Duncan, Jeffrey R. Battaglin, William A. Clark, Jimmy M. Hladik, Michelle L. Huffman, Bradley J. Iwanowicz, Luke R. Journey, Celeste A. Smalling, Kelly L. TI Exposure and potential effects of pesticides and pharmaceuticals in protected streams of the US National park Service southeast region SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Designed bioactive contaminants; pesticides; pharmaceuticals; water quality; sediment quality ID THROUGHPUT SCREENING DATA; WASTE-WATER CONTAMINANTS; ADVERSE OUTCOME PATHWAYS; PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS; RISK-ASSESSMENT; UNITED-STATES; ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES; BIOACTIVE CONTAMINANTS; IN-VITRO; ENVIRONMENTAL SURVEILLANCE AB Globally, protected areas offer refugia for a broad range of taxa including threatened and endangered species. In the United States (US), the National Park Service (NPS) manages public lands to preserve biodiversity, but increasing park visitation and development of surrounding landscapes increase exposure to and effects from bioactive contaminants. The risk (exposure and hazard) to NPS protected-stream ecosystems within the highly urbanized southeast region (SER) from bioactive contaminants was assessed in five systems based on 334 pesticide and pharmaceutical analytes in water and 119 pesticides in sediment. Contaminant mixtures were common across all sampled systems, with approximately 24% of the unique analytes (80/334) detected at least once and 15% (49/334) detected in half of the surface-water samples. Pharmaceuticals were observed more frequently than pesticides, consistent with riparian buffers and concomitant spatial separation from non-point pesticide sources in four of the systems. To extrapolate exposure data to biological effects space, site-specific cumulative exposure-activity ratios (Sigma(EAR)) were calculated for detected surface-water contaminants with available ToxCast data; common exceedances of a 0.001 Sigma(EAR) effects-screening threshold raise concerns for molecular toxicity and possible, sub-lethal effects to non-target, aquatic vertebrates. The results illustrate the need for continued management of protected resources to reduce contaminant exposure and preserve habitat quality, including prioritization of conservation practices (riparian buffers) near stream corridors and increased engagement with upstream/up-gradient property owners and municipal wastewater facilities. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Bradley, Paul M.; Clark, Jimmy M.; Huffman, Bradley J.; Journey, Celeste A.] US Geol Survey, South Atlantic Water Sci Ctr, Columbia, SC 29210 USA. [Romanok, Kristin M.; Smalling, Kelly L.] US Geol Survey, New Jersey Water Sci Ctr, Lawrenceville, NJ USA. [Duncan, Jeffrey R.] Natl Pk Serv, Southeast Reg, Chattanooga, TN USA. [Battaglin, William A.] US Geol Survey, Colorado Water Sci Ctr, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Hladik, Michelle L.] US Geol Survey, Calif Water Sci Ctr, Sacramento, CA USA. [Iwanowicz, Luke R.] US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Kearneysville, WV USA. RP Bradley, PM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, South Atlantic Water Sci Ctr, Columbia, SC 29210 USA. EM pbradley@usgs.gov RI Bradley, Paul M./AAC-2451-2020 OI Bradley, Paul M./0000-0001-7522-8606; Iwanowicz, Luke/0000-0002-1197-6178; Battaglin, William/0000-0001-7287-7096; Hladik, Michelle/0000-0002-0891-2712 FU USGS Toxic Substances Hydrology ProgramUnited States Geological Survey; USGSNPS Water Quality Partnership Program FX The USGS Toxic Substances Hydrology Program and the USGSNPS Water Quality Partnership Program supported this research. The authors thank Lakyn Sanders of the USGS for assistance with in vitro bioassays and Anna McKee of the USGS and anonymous journal referees for their reviews. The use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. This report contains CAS Registry Numbers, which is a Registered Trademark of the American Chemical Society. CAS recommends the verification of the CASRNs through CAS Client ServicesSM. NR 147 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 23 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD FEB 20 PY 2020 VL 704 AR 135431 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135431 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA JY8QK UT WOS:000504672800060 PM 31896231 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Chai, ZY Wang, H Deng, YY Hu, ZX Tang, YZ AF Chai, Zhao Yang Wang, Huan Deng, Yunyan Hu, Zhangxi Tang, Ying Zhong TI Harmful algal blooms significantly reduce the resource use efficiency in a coastal plankton community SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Ecosystem functions; Harmful algal blooms (HABs); Plankton diversity; Resource use efficiency (RUE); Trophic niche partitioning mechanism ID MICROCYSTIS-AERUGINOSA CYANOPHYCEAE; ECOSYSTEM PRODUCTIVITY; BIODIVERSITY LOSS; BACTERIAL DIVERSITY; WATER-QUALITY; PHYTOPLANKTON; ZOOPLANKTON; SEA; CHLOROPHYCEAE; COMPETITION AB Harmful algal blooms (HABs) have been investigated for their catastrophic effects on public health and aquaculture intensively, but the research about HABs effects on the diversity patterns and intrinsic functions of the plankton community based on a species identification with high resolution and accuracy has been scarce. We therefore investigated the shifts of plankton diversity via pyrosequencing during and around a natural dinoflagellate (Prorocentrum donghaiense) bloom and analyzed the effect of P. donghaiense abundance on the operationally-defined resource use efficiency (RUE) of plankton community to test our hypothesis that outbreaks of HABs will reduce RUE of the plankton community via shifting the plankton community structure, species composition in particular. We found that the species diversity of eukaryotic plankton community was significantly decreased during the bloom, as reflected in OTU (operational taxonomic unit) richness, and Pielou's evenness index. Principal coordinates analysis indicated significant difference in plankton community structure between blooming and non-blooming periods. As hypothesized, the species richness was positively correlated to RUE (defined as the ratio of phytoplankton biomass to total phosphorus), and more importantly, the cell density of P. donghaiense exhibited significant negative correlation with RUE. Our results explicitly demonstrated HABs reduce RUE via reducing species richness (corresponding to a less occupancy of the trophic niches), which supports the previously documented notion that niche partitioning enhances RUE (a key ecosystem function). Also, our work provides striking evidence for the relationship between plankton species richness (or diversity) and community function (resource use efficiency) via studying on HABs, a natural but exceptional phenomenon, in addition to revealing a profound consequence of HABs. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Chai, Zhao Yang; Wang, Huan; Deng, Yunyan; Hu, Zhangxi; Tang, Ying Zhong] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Oceanol, CAS Key Lab Marine Ecol & Environm Sci, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Deng, Yunyan; Hu, Zhangxi; Tang, Ying Zhong] Qingdao Natl Lab Marine Sci & Technol, Lab Marine Ecol & Environm Sci, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Deng, Yunyan; Hu, Zhangxi; Tang, Ying Zhong] Chinese Acad Sci, Ctr Ocean Mega Sci, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Wang, Huan] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China. RP Tang, YZ (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Oceanol, CAS Key Lab Marine Ecol & Environm Sci, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, Peoples R China. EM yingzhong.tang@qdio.ac.cn FU National Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [41776125, 61533011]; NSFC-Shandong Joint Fund for Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences [U1606404]; National Key R&D Program of China [2017YFC1404301]; Scientific and Technological Innovation Project of the Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science [2016ASKJ02]; Science and Technology Basic Resources Investigation Program of China [2018FY100200]; National Science Foundation for Postdoctoral Scientists of ChinaChina Postdoctoral Science FoundationNational Natural Science Foundation of China [2018M632731] FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation of China (No. 61533011), the NSFC-Shandong Joint Fund for Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences (No. U1606404), the National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2017YFC1404301), the Scientific and Technological Innovation Project of the Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science (No. 2016ASKJ02), the National Science Foundation of China (No. 41776125), the Science and Technology Basic Resources Investigation Program of China (No. 2018FY100200), and the National Science Foundation for Postdoctoral Scientists of China (No. 2018M632731). All authors claim that there is no conflict of interest regarding the work presented in the manuscript. NR 84 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 41 U2 41 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD FEB 20 PY 2020 VL 704 AR 135381 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135381 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA JY8QK UT WOS:000504672800070 PM 31810673 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Friedland, KD Langan, JA Large, SI Selden, RL Link, JS Watson, RA Collie, JS AF Friedland, Kevin D. Langan, Joseph A. Large, Scott I. Selden, Rebecca L. Link, Jason S. Watson, Reg A. Collie, Jeremy S. TI Changes in higher trophic level productivity, diversity and niche space in a rapidly warming continental shelf ecosystem SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Species interactions; Niche overlap; Biodiversity; Habitat; Species distribution model ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; SPECIES DISTRIBUTION; DISTRIBUTION SHIFTS; BIODIVERSITY LOSS; FISH COMMUNITIES; MARINE HEATWAVES; OCEAN; ATLANTIC; IMPACTS; TROPICALIZATION AB There is long-standing ecological and socioeconomic interest in what controls the diversity and productivity of ecosystems. That focus has intensified with shifting environmental conditions associated with accelerating climate change. The U.S. Northeast Shelf (NES) is a well-studied continental shelf marine ecosystem that is among the more rapidly warming marine systems worldwide. Furthermore, many constituent species have experienced significant distributional shifts. However, the system response of the NES to climate change goes beyond simple shifts in species distribution. The fish and macroinvertebrate communities of the NES have increased in species diversity and overall productivity in recent decades, despite no significant decline in fishing pressure. Species distribution models constructed using random forest classification and regression trees were fit for the dominant species in the system. Over time, the areal distribution of occupancy habitat has increased for approximately 80% of the modeled taxa, suggesting most species have significantly increased their range and niche space. These niche spaces were analyzed to determine the area of niche overlap between species pairs. For the vast majority of species pairs, interaction has increased over time suggesting greater niche overlap and the increased probability for more intense species interactions, such as between competitors or predators and prey. Furthermore, the species taxonomic composition and size structure indicate a potential tropicalization of the fish community. The system and community changes are consistent with the view that the NES may be transitioning from a cold temperate or boreal ecoregion to one more consistent with the composition of a warm temperate or Carolinian system. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Friedland, Kevin D.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, 28 Tarzwell Dr, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [Langan, Joseph A.; Collie, Jeremy S.] Univ Rhode Isl, Grad Sch Oceanog, 215 South Ferry Rd, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [Large, Scott I.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, 166 Water St, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Selden, Rebecca L.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Nat Resources, New Brunswick, NJ USA. [Link, Jason S.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Off Assistant Administrator, 166 Water St, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Watson, Reg A.] Univ Tasmania, Inst Marine & Antarctic Studies, Taroona, Tas 7001, Australia. RP Friedland, KD (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, 28 Tarzwell Dr, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. EM kevin.friedland@noaa.gov OI Link, Jason/0000-0003-2740-7161; Friedland, Kevin/0000-0003-3887-0186 NR 97 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 39 U2 39 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD FEB 20 PY 2020 VL 704 AR 135270 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135270 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA JY8QK UT WOS:000504672800022 PM 31818590 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Fukano, Y Tanaka, Y Soga, M AF Fukano, Yuya Tanaka, Yosuke Soga, Masashi TI Zoos and animated animals increase public interest in and support for threatened animals SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Conservation; Web data; Culturomics; Endangered animals; Education ID GOOGLE SEARCH DATA; CONSERVATION; INFORMATION; EXTINCTION; PATHWAYS; VISITOR; TRENDS AB Raising public interest in and conservation activity for threatened species is critically important for successful biodiversity conservation. However, our understanding of what influences the public interest in threatened animals and how the interest induces conservation activities is quite limited. Here, we examined the role of zoos and a television program featuring animated animals in shaping public interest in and support for animals including threatened species from 2011 to 2018 in Japan. Public interest was measured by Internet search volumes and support by donation activity in zoos. Results showed that both zoos and the animated program made a significant contribution to increasing public interest in animals. The spatial distribution of the Google search volume for 92 animals was correlated with that of animals exhibited in zoos. In tandem with this, the broadcast of a Japanese animated TV program featuring animals (Kemono Friends) increased the Google search volume and Wikipedia pageviews for animal species featured in the program. The total increases of search volume and Wikipedia pageviews were estimated to be approximately 4.66 million for 37 species and 1.06 million for 63 species, respectively. Furthermore, after the original broadcasts of the program, we found that animals featured in the animated program had more financial supporters through donations than animals that were not featured. These results are striking because they indicate the increase in public interest led to actual conservation activity by citizens. Overall, our results demonstrate that both zoos and the animated TV program played important roles in promoting public interest in and support for threatened animals. Enhanced collaborations between people in the entertainment industry and conservation entities could contribute greatly to global biodiversity conservation. (C) 2019 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Fukano, Yuya; Soga, Masashi] Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Agr & Life Sci, Tokyo, Japan. [Tanaka, Yosuke] Tokyo Zool Pk Soc, Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. RP Fukano, Y (reprint author), 1-1-1 Midoricho, Tokyo 1880002, Japan. EM fukano@isas.a.u-tokyo.ac.jp NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD FEB 20 PY 2020 VL 704 AR 135352 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135352 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA JY8QK UT WOS:000504672800158 PM 31896229 OA Other Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU He, JK Lin, SL Kong, FM Yu, JH Zhu, H Jiang, HS AF He, Jiekun Lin, Siliang Kong, Fanmao Yu, Jiehua Zhu, Hua Jiang, Haisheng TI Determinants of the beta diversity of tree species in tropical forests: Implications for biodiversity conservation SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Community composition; Floristic region; Generalized dissimilarity modelling; Hainan Island; Precipitation; Protected areas ID COMMUNITY TURNOVER; PRIORITY AREAS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; HAINAN ISLAND; PATTERNS; HOTSPOTS; BIOGEOGRAPHY; DIMENSIONS; VEGETATION; TEMPERATE AB The mapping of earth's biodiversity has advanced our theoretical and empirical understanding of biodiversity and has thus guided conservation efforts. Yet, early biodiversity maps often relied on alpha diversity indices, while beta diversity has rarely been used for practical conservation actions. We used generalized dissimilarity modelling (GDM) and variance partitioning to map beta diversity patterns of Hainan Island, China, and explore its underlying factors based on a large dataset of 248,538 individual trees belonging to 1,016 species in 902 forest plots. We used principal component analysis and hierarchical clustering to visualize community similarity, and spatial overlap analysis to assess the ability of the current protected areas (PAs) to encompass beta diversity. The GDMs explained 27.65% and 26.58% of the variation in beta diversity at the genus and species levels, respectively. The community composition of tree species in Hainan presented a general east-to-west gradient, and three floristic regions were delineated. This biogeographical pattern is predominantly structured by mean annual precipitation. Environmental variables, rather than geographical distance, were the most important factors determining present beta diversity patterns. Currently, PAs of Hainan Island are concentrated on mountain forest areas, while the lowland forest has largely been ignored. Thus, we suggest that biodiversity mapping based only on alpha diversity is not enough to identify conservation gaps, and the inclusion of beta diversity in such maps constitutes a promising tool to maximize the biodiversity coverage of PAs. Our study provides empirical evidence that a spatially explicit analysis of beta diversity in a specific region can be used for conservation planning. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [He, Jiekun; Lin, Siliang; Yu, Jiehua; Jiang, Haisheng] South China Normal Univ, Sch Life Sci, Spatial Ecol Lab, Guangzhou 510631, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Kong, Fanmao] Guangzhou Qimao Ecol Technol Co Ltd, Guangzhou 510631, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Zhu, Hua] Chinese Acad Sci, Ctr Integrat Conservat, Xishuangbanna Trop Bot Garden, Mengla 666303, Peoples R China. RP Jiang, HS (reprint author), South China Normal Univ, Sch Life Sci, Spatial Ecol Lab, Guangzhou 510631, Guangdong, Peoples R China.; Zhu, H (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Ctr Integrat Conservat, Xishuangbanna Trop Bot Garden, Mengla 666303, Peoples R China. EM zhuh@xtbg.ac.cn; jhs@scnu.edu.cn RI ; Lin, Siliang/N-2512-2015 OI HE, JIEKUN/0000-0001-9401-4208; Lin, Siliang/0000-0003-1660-2543 FU South China Normal University, China FX J.H. and S.L. acknowledges financial support from South China Normal University, China. NR 69 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 26 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD FEB 20 PY 2020 VL 704 AR 135301 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135301 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA JY8QK UT WOS:000504672800038 PM 31796290 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Petermann, JS Roberts, AL Hemmerling, C Bajerski, F Pascual, J Overmann, J Weisser, WW Ruess, L Gossner, MM AF Petermann, Jana S. Roberts, Anastasia L. Hemmerling, Christin Bajerski, Felizitas Pascual, Javier Overmann, Jorg Weisser, Wolfgang W. Ruess, Liliane Gossner, Martin M. TI Direct and indirect effects of forest management on tree-hole inhabiting aquatic organisms and their functional traits SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Phytotelmata; Aquatic insects; Nematodes; Bacteria; Metacommunity; Land-use intensity ID WATER-FILLED TREE; COMMUNITY COMPOSITION; MULTIMODEL INFERENCE; GENERAL COEFFICIENT; EUROPEAN FORESTS; BOTTOM-UP; LAND-USE; BIODIVERSITY; DIPTERA; AVAILABILITY AB Ecological communities in forests have been shown to be strongly affected by forest management but a detailed understanding of how different components of management affect insect communities directly and indirectly via environmental variables, how management influences functional trait diversity and composition, and whether these results can be transferred to other functional groups besides insects (e.g. bacteria or nematodes) is still missing. To address these questions we used water-filled tree holes, which provide habitats for insect larvae and other aquatic organisms in forests, as a model system. We mapped all water-filled tree holes in 75 forest plots (1 ha) under different management intensity in three regions of Germany. We measured structural and climatic conditions at different spatial scales, sampled insect communities in 123 tree holes and bacterial and nematode communities in a subset of these. We found that forest management in terms of harvesting intensity and the proportion of non-natural tree species (species not part of the natural vegetation at the sites) negatively affected tree-hole abundance. An increased proportion of non-natural tree species had a positive direct effect on insect richness and functional diversity in the tree holes. However, a structural equation model showed that increasing management intensity had negative indirect effects on insect abundance and richness, operating via environmental variables at stand and tree-hole scale. Functional diversity and trait composition of insect communities similarly responded to changes in management-related variables. In contrast to insects, bacterial and nematode richness were not directly impacted by forest management but by other environmental variables. Our results suggest that forest management may strongly alter insect communities of tree holes, while nematodes and bacteria seem less affected. Most effects in our study were indirect and negative, indicating that management has often complex consequences for forest communities that should be taken into account in forest management schemes. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Petermann, Jana S.; Roberts, Anastasia L.] Univ Salzburg, Dept Biosci, Hellbrunnerstr 34, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria. [Hemmerling, Christin; Ruess, Liliane] Humboldt Univ, Inst Biol, Ecol Grp, Philippstr 13, D-10115 Berlin, Germany. [Bajerski, Felizitas; Pascual, Javier; Overmann, Jorg] Leibniz Inst Deutsch Sammlung Mikroorganismen & Z, Inhoffenstr 7B, D-38124 Braunschweig, Germany. [Overmann, Jorg] Braunschweig Univ Technol, Microbiol, Braunschweig, Germany. [Weisser, Wolfgang W.] Tech Univ Munich, Hans von Carlowitz Pl 2, D-85354 Freising Weihenstephan, Germany. [Gossner, Martin M.] Swiss Fed Res Inst WSL, Forest Entomol, Zurcherstr 111, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland. RP Petermann, JS (reprint author), Univ Salzburg, Dept Biosci, Hellbrunnerstr 34, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria. EM jana.petermann@sbg.ac.at RI Weisser, Wolfgang W/B-9718-2014; Gossner, Martin M./J-2730-2015; pascual, javier/V-7054-2017 OI Weisser, Wolfgang W/0000-0002-2757-8959; Gossner, Martin M./0000-0003-1516-6364; pascual, javier/0000-0002-1900-7099 FU DFG Priority Program "Infrastructure-Biodiversity-Exploratories"German Research Foundation (DFG) [1374, DFG21234_P]; SNF [310030E-173542/1] FX We thank the managers of the three Exploratories, Martin Gorke, Katrin Lorenzen, Jorg Hailer and all former managers for their work in maintaining the plot and project infrastructure; Christiane Fischer for giving support through the central office, Andreas Ostrowski for managing the central data base, and Markus Fischer, Eduard Linsenmair, Dominik Hessenmoller, Daniel Prati, Ingo Schoning, Francois Buscot, Ernst-Detlef Schulze, and the late Elisabeth Kalko for their role in setting up the Biodiversity Exploratories project. We also thank Shaun Levick for assistance with LiDAR data processing and for providing canopy cover data, Ingo Schoning for providing leaf fall data, Christian Ammer and Peter Schall for providing DBH measurements, Thomas Nauss for providing relative humidity data, Martin Ehbrecht for providing stand structural complexity data and for comments on the manuscript, and Laura Weiand, Roodline Cineas, Caleb Dorn, Laurentiu Constantin and Anika Methner for their assistance in the field and lab. The work has been funded by the DFG Priority Program 1374 "Infrastructure-Biodiversity-Exploratories" (DFG21234_P). MMG obtained funding from SNF 310030E-173542/1. Field work permits were issued by the responsible state environmental offices of Baden-Wurttemberg, Thuringen, and Brandenburg (according to 72 BbgNatSchG). NR 83 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 16 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD FEB 20 PY 2020 VL 704 AR 135418 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135418 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA JY8QK UT WOS:000504672800041 PM 31896218 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Silva, JLS Cruz-Neto, O Rito, KF Arnan, X Leal, IR Peres, CA Tabarelli, M Lopes, AV AF Silva, Jessica Luiza S. Cruz-Neto, Oswaldo Rito, Katia F. Arnan, Xavier Leal, Inara R. Peres, Carlos A. Tabarelli, Marcelo Lopes, Ariadna Valentina TI Divergent responses of plant reproductive strategies to chronic anthropogenic disturbance and aridity in the Caatinga dry forest SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Floral traits; Fruits type; Functional diversity; Pollination; Reproductive biology; SDTF ID FUNCTIONAL DIVERSITY; CLIMATE-CHANGE; BIOTIC HOMOGENIZATION; SEXUAL SYSTEMS; LAND-USE; TRAITS; COMMUNITIES; VEGETATION; IMPOVERISHMENT; SERVICES AB Anthropogenic disturbance and climate change are major threats to biodiversity persistence and functioning of many tropical ecosystems. Although increases in the intensity of anthropogenic disturbance and climate change are associated with reduced taxonomic, phylogenetic and functional diversities of several organisms, little is known about how such pressures interfere with the distribution of plant reproductive traits in seasonally dry tropical forests. Here we test the hypothesis that individual and combined effects of increasing chronic anthropogenic disturbance and water deficit negatively affect the richness, abundance and diversity of specialized reproductive strategies of native woody plants in the Caatinga dry forest. This study was carried out at the Catimbau National Park, northeastern Brazil (62,294 ha). Chronic anthropogenic disturbance intensity was measured through different sources of disturbance (cattle/goat herbivory, wood extraction, and other people pressures). Water deficit data was obtained from hydrological maps and used as a proxy of aridity. We constructed generalized linear models and selected best-supported models for richness, abundance and functional diversity of reproductive traits. We documented that richness and abundance of plants with certain reproductive traits, regardless the specialization, can increase (in 18 out of the 49 trait categories analyzed; e.g. obligatory cross-pollination in response to increases in aridity and wood extraction), be impaired (in 20 categories; e.g. pollination by Sphingids/beetles with increase in aridity), or remain unchanged (in 21 categories; e.g. pollination by vertebrates with increases in chronic anthropogenic disturbance and aridity) with higher disturbance and aridity. There were combined effects of chronic anthropogenic disturbance and aridity on the richness of plants in nine traits (e.g. pollen flowers; dioecious and self-incompatible plants). Aridity affected 40% of the reproductive traits, while chronic anthropogenic disturbance affected 35.5%. The functional diversity of reproductive traits was affected only by disturbance. Changes in plant community structure promoted by chronic anthropogenic disturbance and aridity will likely threaten plant-animal interactions, thereby compromising the functioning of communities and the persistence of biodiversity in the Caatinga. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Silva, Jessica Luiza S.; Rito, Katia F.; Arnan, Xavier] Univ Fed Pernambuco, Dept Bot, Programa Posgrad Biol Vegetal, Recife, PE, Brazil. [Cruz-Neto, Oswaldo; Leal, Inara R.; Tabarelli, Marcelo; Lopes, Ariadna Valentina] Univ Fed Pernambuco, Dept Bot, Recife, PE, Brazil. [Rito, Katia F.] Univ Autonoma Mexico, Inst Invest Ecosistemas & Sustentabilidad, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. [Arnan, Xavier] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, CREAF, Cerdanyola Del Valles, Spain. [Peres, Carlos A.] Univ East Anglia, Sch Environm Sci, Norwich, Norfolk, England. RP Lopes, AV (reprint author), Univ Fed Pernambuco, Dept Bot, Recife, PE, Brazil. EM avflopes@ufpe.br RI Tabarelli, Marcelo/F-1088-2010; Arnan, Xavi/N-7829-2013 OI Tabarelli, Marcelo/0000-0001-7573-7216; Arnan, Xavi/0000-0002-9904-274X FU CNPq (Long-Term Ecological Research Program-PELD/CNPq) [403770/2012-2]; CNPq (CNPq/Chamada Universal)National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) [481755/2013-6]; CNPq (PQ/CNPq)National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) [308832/2014-0]; FACEPE [IBPG-0774-2.03/13, APQ-0789-2.05/16, BCT-0208-2.05/17]; FACEPE (Programa de Apoio a Nucleos de Excelencia - PRONEX) [APQ-0138-2.05/14]; CAPESCAPES [001]; Royal Society (Newton Mobility Grant) [NMG/R2/170081] FX The study was funded by the CNPq (Long-Term Ecological Research Program-PELD/CNPq, grant number: 403770/2012-2 awarded to MT; CNPq/Chamada Universal, grant number: 481755/2013-6 awarded to AVL; PQ/CNPq, grant number: 308832/2014-0 awarded to AVL); the FACEPE (PhD Fellowship to JLSS, grant number: IBPG-0774-2.03/13; Pos-doc grant to OCN, grant numbers: APQ-0789-2.05/16 and BCT-0208-2.05/17, and Programa de Apoio a Nucleos de Excelencia - PRONEX, grant number: APQ-0138-2.05/14 awarded to MT); the CAPES (grant code 001); the Royal Society (Newton Mobility Grant NMG/R2/170081 awarded to IRL and CAP). NR 109 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 15 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD FEB 20 PY 2020 VL 704 AR 135240 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135240 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA JY8QK UT WOS:000504672800044 PM 31812426 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Wood, SA Biessy, L Latchford, JL Zaiko, A von Ammon, U Audrezet, F Cristescu, ME Pochon, X AF Wood, Susanna A. Biessy, Laura Latchford, Janie L. Zaiko, Anastasija von Ammon, Ulla Audrezet, Francois Cristescu, Melania E. Pochon, Xavier TI Release and degradation of environmental DNA and RNA in a marine system SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Biomonitoring; Detection; Droplet digital PCR; Species detection ID EXTRACELLULAR DNA; RIBOSOMAL-RNA; DECAY-RATES; EDNA; BIODIVERSITY; COMMUNITIES; TEMPERATURE; PERSISTENCE; RARE; PCR AB Over the last decade, there has been growing interest in the analysis of environmental DNA (eDNA) to infer the presence of organisms in aquatic environments. The efficacy of eDNA/eRNA based tools are highly depend on the turnover rate of the molecule (their release and degradation). Environmental DNA has been shown to persist for days, weeks or years in environmental samples. Environmental RNA (eRNA) is thought to degrade faster than eDNA, however to our knowledge, no experimental studies have explored this. Here we present an aquarium study to investigate eDNA and eRNA shedding rates and degradation for two sessile marine invertebrates. The copy numbers for eDNA and eRNA were assessed using droplet digital PCR targeting the mitochondrial Cytochrome c Oxidase subunit 1 (COI) gene. Environmental RNA persisted after organism removal for much longer than expected with detections for up to 13 h. In contrast, eDNA was detected is samples collected up to 94 h after organism removal. There was no evidence that the decay rates constants for eDNA and eRNA were different (p = 0.6, Kruskal-Wallis tests). Both eDNA and eRNA was detected in biofilms collected at the end of the experiment (day 21). This suggests binding with organic or inorganic compounds or stabilization of these molecules in the biofilm matrix. The finding of the prolonged persistence of eRNA may provide new opportunities for improved biodiversity surveys through reducing false positives caused by legacy DNA and could also facilitate new research on environmental transcriptomics. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Wood, Susanna A.; Biessy, Laura; Latchford, Janie L.; Zaiko, Anastasija; von Ammon, Ulla; Audrezet, Francois; Pochon, Xavier] Cawthron Inst, Coastal & Freshwater Grp, Nelson, New Zealand. [Zaiko, Anastasija; Pochon, Xavier] Univ Auckland, Inst Marine Sci, Auckland, New Zealand. [Cristescu, Melania E.] McGill Univ, Dept Biol, Montreal, PQ, Canada. RP Wood, SA (reprint author), Cawthron Inst, Coastal & Freshwater Grp, Nelson, New Zealand. EM Susie.wood@cawthron.org.nz OI Wood, Susanna/0000-0003-1976-8266 FU New Zealand Ministry of Business, Innovation and EmploymentNew Zealand Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment (MBIE) [CAWX1904] FX This research was supported by the New Zealand Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment funding (CAWX1904 - A toolbox to underpin and enable tomorrow's marine biosecurity system). NR 56 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 31 U2 31 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD FEB 20 PY 2020 VL 704 AR 135314 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135314 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA JY8QK UT WOS:000504672800121 PM 31780169 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Rai, PK AF Rai, Prabhat Kumar TI Particulate matter tolerance of plants (APTI and API) in a biodiversity hotspot located in a tropical region: Implications for eco-control SO PARTICULATE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Eco-sustainable; green belt; human health; Indo-Burma hotspot; magnetic particles; particulate deposition ID AIR-POLLUTION; ROADSIDE PLANTS; SULFUR-DIOXIDE; OZONE; PERFORMANCE; LEAVES; INDEX; ENVIRONMENTS; VEGETATION; FIXATION AB Air pollutants such as particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5), nanoparticles, micropollutants, magnetic particles, oxides of sulfur as well as nitrogen, and ground-level ozone pose serious threats to human health and vegetation, especially crops and forests. To this end, Air Pollution Tolerance Indices (APTI) are of paramount importance as they help study effects/interactions of air pollution on plants, with possible eco-control implications for environmental management. The present study measured the APTI of certain common roadside plant species in India (at sites E and NE) to assess the impact of air pollutant and particulate matter concentrations on their biochemical/physiological parameters. The maximum concentrations of SO2, NO2, and suspended particulate matter (SPM) were found at site E during the study period of November 2011 to February 2012. APTI, ascorbic acid, and relative water content (RWC) were higher at site E compared to NE, whereas total chlorophyl content and pH were lower at site E, which was characterized by manmade roadside plantations and more industrial sites unlike the biodiversity-rich site NE. Thus, although both sites E and NE grew common plants, they showed variations in physiology as well as stress tolerance indices. Henceforth, screened potent plants from this study may be used to investigate plant-PM interactions, resulting effects/tolerance, with possible implications for environmental/air pollution amelioration, namely, assisting eco-sustainable strategies for particulate pollution control. C1 [Rai, Prabhat Kumar] Mizoram Univ, Sch Earth Sci & Nat Resources Management, Dept Environm Sci, Phytoyechnol Lab, Aizawl 796004, Mizoram, India. RP Rai, PK (reprint author), Mizoram Univ, Sch Earth Sci & Nat Resources Management, Dept Environm Sci, Phytoyechnol Lab, Aizawl 796004, Mizoram, India. EM pkrai@mzu.edu.in NR 74 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0272-6351 EI 1548-0046 J9 PARTICUL SCI TECHNOL JI Part. Sci. Technol. PD FEB 17 PY 2020 VL 38 IS 2 BP 193 EP 202 DI 10.1080/02726351.2018.1527800 PG 10 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA KH4AD UT WOS:000510585600007 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Blackburn, C Harvey, M AF Blackburn, Carolyn Harvey, Merryl TI 'A different kind of normal': parents' experiences of early care and education for young children born prematurely SO EARLY CHILD DEVELOPMENT AND CARE LA English DT Article DE Premature birth; parents; early care and education; transitions; special educational needs ID PRETERM INFANTS; MOTHERS; NICU AB The number of preterm births is increasing globally and in England, yet professional knowledge about the short- and long-term developmental consequences and the psycho-social effect on parents is limited amongst the early years workforce. Using a social-ecological systems theory approach, this paper reports on a mixed-methods study that aimed to explore parents' experiences of early care and education for young children born prematurely. Findings suggest that having a baby born prematurely has the potential to have a detrimental effect on parent-child bonding and can lead to post-traumatic stress disorder for parents. Parents identified a need for professional training for early years practitioners and teachers to help them understand the concept of 'corrected age' and the extra support that children born prematurely (and their parents) might need in attending parent and toddler groups, early years settings and on transition to school, especially if there are also multiple births. C1 [Blackburn, Carolyn] Birmingham City Univ, Sch Educ & Social Work, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. [Harvey, Merryl] Birmingham City Univ, Dept Children & Young Peoples Hlth, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. RP Blackburn, C (reprint author), Birmingham City Univ, Sch Educ & Social Work, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. EM carolyn.blackburn@bcu.ac.uk FU Birmingham City University FX This work was supported by the Birmingham City University. NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0300-4430 EI 1476-8275 J9 EARLY CHILD DEV CARE JI Early Child Dev. Care PD FEB 17 PY 2020 VL 190 IS 3 BP 296 EP 309 DI 10.1080/03004430.2018.1471074 PG 14 WC Education & Educational Research; Psychology, Developmental SC Education & Educational Research; Psychology GA KG2GC UT WOS:000509758300003 OA Green Accepted DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Muyinda, N Baetens, JM De Baets, B Rao, S AF Muyinda, Nathan Baetens, Jan M. De Baets, Bernard Rao, Shodhan TI Using intransitive triads to determine final species richness of competition networks SO PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Rock-paper-scissors game; Intransitive competition; Intransitivity indices; Reaction-diffusion; Crank-Nicolson scheme ID COEXISTENCE; PAPER; PROMOTES; BIODIVERSITY; GAME; COMMUNITIES; MECHANISMS; MOBILITY; MODELS; NICHE AB It is well established that intransitive competition among species can promote their coexistence. A typical intransitive system involves a community of three competing species that satisfy a relationship similar to the popular rock-paper-scissors game. Such a community is said to form an intransitive triad. Theoretical and empirical evidence indicates that the rock-paper-scissor competition dynamics can lead to the indefinite coexistence of the three species if ecological processes such as dispersal, migration and interaction occur over small spatial scales. However, for communities containing four or more species, deciding how many species will survive the competition and, hence, determining the final species richness, remains a challenge even for the most intransitive communities. In this work, we explore the role played by the intransitive triads in the time evolution of a competition network. By creating dominance relations among the intransitive triads of a network, we are able to deduce its final species richness or to narrow it down to a few possibilities. For example, all competition networks in which one intransitive triad dominates every other triad will evolve to a three-species system composed of the species that make up the most dominant triad. Our results, stated as hypotheses, are tested using a Crank-Nicolson simulation of a simple reaction-diffusion system that models the spatio-temporal dynamics of the network. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Muyinda, Nathan; Rao, Shodhan] Univ Ghent, Global Campus,119 Songdomunhwa Ro, Incheon, South Korea. [Muyinda, Nathan; Baetens, Jan M.; De Baets, Bernard] Univ Ghent, Dept Data Anal & Math Modeling, KERMIT, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. RP Muyinda, N (reprint author), Univ Ghent, Global Campus,119 Songdomunhwa Ro, Incheon, South Korea. EM nathan.muyinda@ugent.be FU Ghent University Global Campus FX We are grateful for the financial support provided by Ghent University Global Campus. We are also very grateful to the two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments and suggestions on the manuscript. NR 52 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4371 EI 1873-2119 J9 PHYSICA A JI Physica A PD FEB 15 PY 2020 VL 540 AR 123249 DI 10.1016/j.physa.2019.123249 PG 15 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA KB8AO UT WOS:000506711900064 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Williams, H Colombi, T Keller, T AF Williams, Hanna Colombi, Tino Keller, Thomas TI The influence of soil management on soil health: An on-farm study in southern Sweden SO GEODERMA LA English DT Article DE Soil quality; Soil management; On-farm study; Crop rotation; Tillage; Organic matter inputs ID CROP ROTATIONAL DIVERSITY; ORGANIC-MATTER QUALITY; NO-TILL; PLANT DIVERSITY; CLIMATE-CHANGE; CARBON; IMPACTS; FIELD; BIODIVERSITY; RETENTION AB Soil health reflects the capacity of a soil to provide ecosystem services. A major challenge of soil management is to support agricultural productivity without jeopardizing other ecosystem services. However, there is relatively little knowledge on how soil management affects soil health in real farm settings. This study investigated the impact of soil management on soil health indicators of 20 farm fields in southern Sweden. In addition, we collected samples from an adjacent unmanaged soil at each field, representing the potential soil health at each site. Soil health was quantified by measuring soil physical and biological indicators: wet aggregate stability, autoclaved-citrate extractable soil protein, organic matter, active carbon and heterotrophic soil respiration. Soil texture and pH were also measured. A soil management index was calculated for each field based on crop diversity, soil tillage, and application of organic amendments. Thereby, a high management index indicated a higher crop diversity, fewer tillage operations, and a higher number of organic amendments. Fields with a higher soil management index showed better soil health, with higher levels of aggregate stability, protein, active carbon, respiration, and organic matter. We found that soil management significantly affected all soil health indicators. Soil health of farm fields was generally poorer in comparison with unmanaged soil. Notably, the ratio of soil health of farm fields to unmanaged soils significantly increased with increasing soil management index. Our study shows that soil management is key for soil health, and that improved soil management comprising crop diversity, omission of tillage, and application of organic amendments promotes soil health. C1 [Williams, Hanna; Colombi, Tino; Keller, Thomas] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Soil & Environm, Box 7014, S-75007 Uppsala, Sweden. [Williams, Hanna] Slattakra Gard 915, S-26453 Ljungbyhed, Sweden. [Keller, Thomas] Agroscope, Dept Agroecol & Environm, Reckenholzstr 191, CH-8046 Zurich, Switzerland. RP Keller, T (reprint author), Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Soil & Environm, Box 7014, S-75007 Uppsala, Sweden. EM thomas.keller@slu.se OI Colombi, Tino/0000-0001-8493-4430 FU Royal Swedish Academy of Agriculture and Forestry (KSLA) [GFS20170114] FX We thank the farmers from southern Sweden who took part in this study. Daniel Iseskog, Karolina Jorgensen, Dr Anke Marianne Herrmann and Ana-Maria Mingot Soriano (SLU, Uppsala, Sweden) are thanked for help with laboratory work. Funding was provided by the Royal Swedish Academy of Agriculture and Forestry (KSLA) under grant no. GFS20170114, which is gratefully acknowledged. NR 64 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0016-7061 EI 1872-6259 J9 GEODERMA JI Geoderma PD FEB 15 PY 2020 VL 360 AR 114010 DI 10.1016/j.geoderma.2019.114010 PG 9 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA JW5IG UT WOS:000503085000011 OA Other Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Gauzere, P Barbaro, L Calatayud, F Prince, K Devictor, V Raison, L Sirami, C Balent, G AF Gauzere, P. Barbaro, L. Calatayud, F. Prince, K. Devictor, V Raison, L. Sirami, C. Balent, G. TI Long-term effects of combined land-use and climate changes on local bird communities in mosaic agricultural landscapes SO AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Temporal trend; Land use and cover change; Bird communities; Conservation; Landscape dynamics; Long-term monitoring; Farmland; Climate warming ID BIODIVERSITY SCENARIOS; GLOBAL BIODIVERSITY; FARMLAND BIRDS; NORTH-AMERICA; POPULATION; IMPACTS; GENERALISTS; DISTURBANCE; DRIVERS; TRENDS AB Rural landscapes of western Europe have considerably changed in the last decades under the combined pressure of climate and land use changes, leading to a dramatic decline of farmland biodiversity, including common farmland birds. The respective roles of climate and land use and cover changes in driving bird population trends are primarily assessed at national or continental levels. Yet, it is often challenging to integrate their intertwined effects at such large scales due to the lack of data on fine-scale land cover changes. Here, we used a long-term bird monitoring scheme, combined with a land cover survey, conducted during 30 years (1981-2011) across 780 sites in a 20,000 ha study area in south-western France, dominated by low-intensity farming systems. We tested the direct effect of temporal changes in climate and land use on the dynamics of two community-level metrics: the bird Community Thermal Index (CTI) and bird Community Generalization Index (CGI). We used a novel method to assess the contribution of species-specific dynamics to CTI and CGI trends. We observed a significant increase in CTI and a significant decrease in CGI between 1981 and 2011, i.e., bird communities now have higher thermal preferences and are more specialized than 30 years ago. Bird CTI and CGI changes were both related to local climate- and land use-related drivers, especially mean temperature increase and hedgerow loss. Trends in CTI and CGI were primarily driven by the loss of cold-dwelling and generalist species, and secondly by a gain in hot-dwelling specialists. Our long-term study brings new empirical evidence that the effects of climate and land cover changes on bird communities are intrinsically intertwined, and need to be considered together to monitor and predict the future of farmland biodiversity. It also suggests that low-input, diversified agriculture combined with the maintenance of semi-natural habitat cover can contribute to the conservation of both specialist and generalist bird communities in agricultural landscapes experiencing rapid climate change. C1 [Gauzere, P.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Macrosyst Ecol Lab, Phoenix, AZ 85004 USA. [Barbaro, L.; Calatayud, F.; Raison, L.; Sirami, C.; Balent, G.] Univ Toulouse, INRA, DYNAFOR, Castanet Tolosan, France. [Barbaro, L.; Calatayud, F.; Raison, L.; Sirami, C.; Balent, G.] LTSER Zone Atelier Pyrenees Garonne, Auzeville Tolosane, France. [Barbaro, L.; Prince, K.] Sorbonne Univ, CNRS, Museum Natl Hist Nat, CESCO, Paris, France. [Devictor, V] Univ Montpellier, EPHE, CNRS, ISEM,IRD, Montpellier, France. RP Gauzere, P (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Macrosyst Ecol Lab, Phoenix, AZ 85004 USA. EM pierre.gauzere@gmail.com FU LTSER ZA Pyrenees-Garonne FX We thank Bernard Courtiade, Jean Joachim, Marc Deconchat, JeanPhilippe Choisis, Jeremy Dupuy and Philippe Caniot for their participation in the previous field sessions. We also thank Sylvie Ladet for providing and managing GIS land cover data, Yannick Chaval, Wil Heintz and Jerome Willm for technical assistance, and all the researchers involved in long-term studies within the study area, especially Emilie Andrieu, Cecile Barnaud, Julien Blanco, Annick Gibon, David Sheeren, Anne Sourdril and Aude Vialatte. We also warmly thanks Jan for his support in the design of the paper. This work was partly funded by a grant from the LTSER ZA Pyrenees-Garonne, thanks to Annie Ouin and Jean-Luc Probst. We are indebted to all the farmers and landowners from the study area for authorization to access the sampling sites, and to Margot Donkervoort and Alex Francino for their hospitality. NR 82 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 102 U2 102 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8809 EI 1873-2305 J9 AGR ECOSYST ENVIRON JI Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. PD FEB 15 PY 2020 VL 289 AR UNSP 106722 DI 10.1016/j.agee.2019.106722 PG 12 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA JS3OP UT WOS:000500218500003 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Heinsoo, K Sammul, M Kukk, T Kull, T Melts, I AF Heinsoo, Katrin Sammul, Marek Kukk, Toomas Kull, Tiiu Melts, Indrek TI The long-term recovery of a moderately fertilised semi-natural grassland SO AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Biodiversity; Biomass production; Fertilisation; Functional group; Resilience; Wooded meadow ID NITROGENASE ACTIVITY; SPECIES COMPOSITION; GRAZING MANAGEMENT; BIODIVERSITY LOSS; PLANT; VEGETATION; DIVERSITY; PRODUCTIVITY; COMMUNITY; RESPONSES AB Semi-natural grasslands (SNG) are ecosystems whose characteristics can only be maintained by continuous human husbandry. Extensive management without ploughing, sowing or fertilising is advocated to ensure the durability of the various ecosystem services provided by these plant communities. As a semi-natural grassland rich in plant species, the Laelatu wooded meadow in western Estonia has been the subject of numerous studies. A fertilisation experiment conducted between 1961 and 1981 and the later annual observations in some areas of the meadow have provided longitudinal data for evaluating the impact of fertilisation and monitoring recovery time following the application of mineral nutrients. The characteristics under investigation were plant biomass, divided by functional groups (grasses, sedges & rushes, legumes and other herbaceous species) and species richness. Fertilisation caused a more than fourfold increase in biomass, which persisted over the following 10 years after the end of experiment. However, differences in biomass could no longer be detected during the later years of observation. On fertilised plots, ratios of forbs and sedges & rushes biomasses decreased from the second treatment year and were replaced mainly by legumes and/or grasses. In some of those plots, the higher ratio of legumes was noticeable even 35 years after the last fertilisation. Similarly, the number of plant species has not yet reached the level of the control plots. On that basis, intensification of SNG management cannot be advocated for conventional agricultural or bioeconomy purposes. C1 [Heinsoo, Katrin; Kukk, Toomas; Kull, Tiiu; Melts, Indrek] Estonian Univ Life Sci, Inst Agr & Environm Sci, Kreutzwaldi 5, EE-51014 Tartu, Estonia. [Sammul, Marek] Univ Tartu, EE-50090 Tartu, Estonia. RP Heinsoo, K (reprint author), Estonian Univ Life Sci, Inst Agr & Environm Sci, Kreutzwaldi 5, EE-51014 Tartu, Estonia. EM Katrin.Heinsoo@emu.ee RI Melts, Indrek/I-7007-2016 OI Melts, Indrek/0000-0003-3097-9152 FU Estonian Ministry of Education and ResearchMinistry of Education and Research, Estonia [IUT211, PUT1463, MOBTP122] FX We are grateful to the many colleagues who participated in the fieldwork at Laelatu fertilisation experiment. Special thanks to Kaljo Pork, who began the work in 1961, and to Kaili Kattai, who assembled biomass and vascular plant species data over the last decade. We also acknowledge the input of the TAA Herbarium. The current study was financially supported by Institutional Research Funding project IUT211, Personal Research grant PUT1463 and Mobilitas Pluss Returning Researcher Grant (MOBTP122) from the Estonian Ministry of Education and Research. We would like to thank the Estonian Government for continuously keeping up our hopes about raising research funding to 1 % of GDP. NR 58 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 29 U2 29 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8809 EI 1873-2305 J9 AGR ECOSYST ENVIRON JI Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. PD FEB 15 PY 2020 VL 289 AR UNSP 106744 DI 10.1016/j.agee.2019.106744 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA JS3OP UT WOS:000500218500013 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Larsen, AE Farrant, DN MacDonald, AJ AF Larsen, Ashley E. Farrant, D. Nakoa MacDonald, Andrew J. TI Spatiotemporal overlap of pesticide use and species richness hotspots in California SO AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Agrochemicals; Ecological diversity; Hotspot analysis; Agrobiodiversity ID AGRI-ENVIRONMENT SCHEMES; INSECTICIDE USE; SPRAY DRIFT; BIODIVERSITY; EXPOSURE; IMPACT; POPULATION; CHEMICALS; PATTERNS; SUCCESS AB The consequences of agricultural pesticide use for ecological and environmental health are partially determined by the overlap of pesticide use, in space and time, with ecologically important regions. Yet, data limitations have largely inhibited understanding of where and when such overlap occurs. Combining detailed pesticide use data from the diverse agricultural regions of California with species richness data for several taxa including birds, mammals, amphibians and reptiles, we evaluate the location and persistence of pesticide use hotspots, and where and when they align with ecologically important areas. Hotspots of pesticide use were generally located in agricultural valleys, as anticipated, yet were surprisingly ephemeral. Between 0-5 % of species richness hotspots intersected annual pesticide use hotspots depending on the focal taxa. The level of overlap also varied over the growing season, peaking for most taxa in May through July. Considering the spatial and temporal heterogeneity in both pesticide use and biodiversity is important to focus monitoring and mitigation efforts to reduce the ecological impacts of pesticide use when and where they occur. C1 [Larsen, Ashley E.; Farrant, D. Nakoa; MacDonald, Andrew J.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Bren Sch Environm Sci & Management, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [MacDonald, Andrew J.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Earth Res Inst, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RP Larsen, AE (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Bren Sch Environm Sci & Management, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. EM larsen@bren.ucsb.edu FU Academic Senate Faculty Research Grant from the University of California, Santa Barbara, USAUniversity of California System; United States National Science Foundation Postdoctoral Research Fellowship in Biology [1611767]; United States Ford Foundation Predoctoral Fellowship FX This research was supported by an Academic Senate Faculty Research Grant from the University of California, Santa Barbara, USA to AEL & AJM. AJM was also supported by a United States National Science Foundation Postdoctoral Research Fellowship in Biology (#1611767). DNF was supported by a United States Ford Foundation Predoctoral Fellowship. NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 16 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8809 EI 1873-2305 J9 AGR ECOSYST ENVIRON JI Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. PD FEB 15 PY 2020 VL 289 AR UNSP 106741 DI 10.1016/j.agee.2019.106741 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA JS3OP UT WOS:000500218500012 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Marcacci, G Gremion, J Mazenauer, J Sori, T Kebede, F Ewnetu, M Christe, P Arlettaz, R Jacot, A AF Marcacci, Gabriel Gremion, Jeremy Mazenauer, Julien Sori, Tolera Kebede, Fanuel Ewnetu, Mihret Christe, Philippe Arlettaz, Raphael Jacot, Alain TI Large-scale versus small-scale agriculture: Disentangling the relative effects of the farming system and semi-natural habitats on birds' habitat preferences in the Ethiopian highlands SO AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Agriculture intensification; Ethiopia; Food security; Landscape scale; Birds; Conservation ID FARMLAND BIRDS; LAND CONSTRAINTS; LANDSCAPE; INTENSIFICATION; BIODIVERSITY; CONSERVATION; MANAGEMENT; DIVERSITY; PRODUCTIVITY; AFRICA AB While the Western World is facing an inexorable decline of its farmland biodiversity following continuous intensification of production modes, agricultural landscapes in Africa are still largely dominated by small-scale subsistence farming operated by smallholders, mostly harbouring high biodiversity. However, as most African countries are confronted to an unprecedented population growth and a rapid economic development, efforts to intensify food production are widespread, with concomitant potentially negative effects on biodiversity. We conducted a study in a highly contrasted agricultural landscape of the Ethiopian highlands comprising two distinct farming systems: large-scale farming relying on modern, combine machinery and technology (e.g. enhanced crop varieties, application of herbicides, pesticides and synthetic fertilizers) vs small-scale traditional farming. Our objective was to disentangle the effects upon avian biodiversity of the operating farming system and the extent of semi-natural habitat features in the wider landscape. We performed a model selection approach to assess habitat selection by the overall bird community as well as the wintering, endemic and open habitat species, respectively. Our results show that habitat preferences of birds in the Ethiopian highlands were mainly driven by the amount of semi-natural habitats within the landscape, with varying effects depending on the farming system itself. While large-scale farming had overall more negative effects on birds, some typical open habitat species were mostly restricted to these wide-open landscapes. Our findings thereby suggest that both farming systems could coexist as long as semi-natural habitats are preserved and agricultural management maintained in its current practices. We emphasize the urgent need to conduct further studies integrating the socio-economic aspects in order to better predict future impacts of agricultural intensification processes on African farmland biodiversity. C1 [Marcacci, Gabriel; Mazenauer, Julien; Arlettaz, Raphael; Jacot, Alain] Univ Bern, Div Conservat Biol, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland. [Gremion, Jeremy; Christe, Philippe] Univ Lausanne, Dept Ecol & Evolut, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. [Jacot, Alain] Swiss Ornithol Inst, Field Stn Valais, CH-1950 Sion, Switzerland. [Sori, Tolera; Kebede, Fanuel; Ewnetu, Mihret] Ethiopian Wildlife Conservat Author, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. [Marcacci, Gabriel] Univ Goettingen, Funct Agrobiodivers, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. RP Marcacci, G (reprint author), Univ Bern, Div Conservat Biol, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.; Marcacci, G (reprint author), Univ Goettingen, Funct Agrobiodivers, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. EM gabriel.marcacci@uni-goettingen.de RI Christe, Philippe/X-4493-2018 OI Christe, Philippe/0000-0002-8605-7002 FU University of Bern (Switzerland); University of Lausanne (Switzerland) FX This research was funded by the < GS1> University of Bern (Switzerland) 2 months with a compact structure and clear shape, in which, extracellular polymeric substances played a key role in maintaining the stability of granular sludge structure. The microbial composition between AGS and attached biofilm was quite different, which indicated that the introduced bio-carriers improved the biodiversity within the bioreactor. Additionally, an explicit internal circulation was formed by the introduced bio-carriers, which was the main reason leading to the rapid formation of AGS. This is an interesting discovery and a novel approach to promote the rapid granulation of biomass in an MBR. Moreover, combining the biodegradation of AGS and filtration of membrane module, the bio-reactor achieved an excellent performance in removing CODcr (>90') and TN (S5%) during the whole process. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Dai, Chencheng; Bin, Liying; Tang, Bing; Li, Ping; Huang, Shaosong; Fu, Fenglian; Yin, Qian] Guangdong Univ Technol, Guangzhou Key Lab Environm Catalysis & Pollut Con, Guangdong Key Lab Environm Catalysis & Hlth Risk, Sch Environm Sci & Engn, Guangzhou 510006, Peoples R China. RP Tang, B (reprint author), Guangdong Univ Technol, 100 Waihuan Xi Rd, Guangzhou 510006, Peoples R China. EM tang@gdut.edu.cn OI Tang, Bing/0000-0002-1592-0761 FU National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [21476050] FX This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [No. 21476050]. NR 51 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 21 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD FEB 10 PY 2020 VL 703 AR 135482 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135482 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KA6RQ UT WOS:000505924300139 PM 31759700 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Gomes, LED Bernardino, AF AF de Oliveira Gomes, Luiz Eduardo Bernardino, Angelo Fraga TI Drought effects on tropical estuarine benthic assemblages in Eastern Brazil SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Climate change; Drought; Estuaries; Macrofauna; Bioturbation ID ST-LUCIA ESTUARY; FRESH-WATER; MACROFAUNAL COMMUNITIES; ECOSYSTEM FUNCTION; CLIMATE-CHANGE; MARINE; IMPACTS; BIOTURBATION; BIODIVERSITY; MORTALITY AB Climate change will increase the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events with potential effects in coastal and estuarine ecosystems. During drought periods, higher salinity and temperature can directly impact estuarine benthic assemblages through physiological stress and alteration of sedimentary habitats, but these effects are poorly evaluated to dale. Here we report a 14-month monitoring of benthic assemblages in a tropical estuary in the Eastern Brazil Marine Ecoregion during the severe drought period of 2015/2016. The drought in Eastern Brazil resulted in a decrease of estuarine mean sediment particle size and concurrent changes in macro faunal benthic assemblages during the driest months. We also observed a 3-fold reduction on macrofaunal abundance with dominance of surface-dwelling Magelonid, Sternaspid, Capitellid and Oligochaeta annelids. The changes in macrofaunal structure during the severe drought also decreased the community bioturbation potential (BPc) by 5-fold, if compared to pre-drought periods. We argue that the projected increases in the frequency and severity of climatic events, such as observed during severe droughts worldwide, will greatly change the benthic fauna and their ecological functions in tropical estuarine ecosystems. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [de Oliveira Gomes, Luiz Eduardo; Bernardino, Angelo Fraga] Univ Fed Espirito Santo, Dept Oceanog & Ecol, Grp Ecol Bent, Av Fernando Ferrari 514, BR-2905560 Vitoria, ES, Brazil. RP Gomes, LED (reprint author), Univ Fed Espirito Santo, Dept Oceanog & Ecol, Grp Ecol Bent, Av Fernando Ferrari 514, BR-2905560 Vitoria, ES, Brazil. EM luiz.e.o.gomes@gmail.com RI de Oliveira Gomes, Luiz Eduardo/Y-8013-2018 OI de Oliveira Gomes, Luiz Eduardo/0000-0002-2735-9625 FU Brazilian Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa e Inovacao do Espirito Santo (FAPES Biodiversidade) [61847429/2013, PELD 79054684/2017]; PELD HCES Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico/Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CNPq/CAPES) [301412/2013-8, 470542/2013-6]; FAPES graduate scholarship; PQ grant [301161/2017-8] FX Thanks to R. Servino, L. Garcez and to many students for field support. Also, thanks to P. Tinelli for map support. This study was funded by the Brazilian Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa e Inovacao do Espirito Santo (FAPES Biodiversidade 61847429/2013 and PELD 79054684/2017) grants to AFB. AFB was also supported by PELD HCES Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico/Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CNPq/CAPES 301412/2013-8, 470542/2013-6) and PQ grant 301161/2017-8. LEOG was supported by a FAPES graduate scholarship. This is a PELD-HCES contribution #007. NR 58 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD FEB 10 PY 2020 VL 703 AR 135490 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135490 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KA6RQ UT WOS:000505924300053 PM 31757556 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Furlan, E Slanzi, D Torresan, S Critto, A Marcomini, A AF Furlan, Elisa Slanzi, Debora Torresan, Silvia Critto, Andrea Marcomini, Antonio TI Multi-scenario analysis in the Adriatic Sea: A GIS-based Bayesian network to support maritime spatial planning SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Bayesian Networks (BNs); Cumulative impacts; Geographic Information Systems (GIS); Climate and management scenarios; Adriatic Sea ID BELIEF NETWORKS; MANAGEMENT; TOOLS; WATER; FRAMEWORK; SYSTEMS; IMPACT; AREAS AB Oceans are changing faster than even observed before. Unprecedented climate variability is interacting with long-term trends, all against a backdrop of rising anthropogenic use of marine space. The growth of maritime activities is taking place without the full understanding of complex interactions between natural and human-induced changes, leading to a progressive decline of biodiversity and degradation of marine ecosystems. Against this complex interplay, marine managers and policy makers are increasingly calling for new approaches and tools allowing a multi-scenario assessment of environmental impacts arising from the complex interaction between natural and anthropogenic drivers, also in consideration of multiple marine plans objectives. Responding to this need, for the Adriatic Sea we developed a GIS-based Bayesian Network to evaluate the probability (and related uncertainty) of cumulative impacts under four 'what-if' scenarios representing different marine management options and climate conditions. We addressed issues concerning consequences of potential planning measures, as well as management programmes required to achieve environmental status targets, as required by relevant EU acquis. Results from the scenario analysis highlighted that an integrated approach to maritime spatial planning is required, combining more sustainable management options of marine spaces and resources with climate adaptation strategies. This approach to planning would allow to reduce human pressures on the marine environment and rise resilience of natural ecosystems to climate and human-induced disturbances, which would result in an overall decrease of cumulative impacts. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Furlan, Elisa; Torresan, Silvia; Critto, Andrea; Marcomini, Antonio] Univ Ca Foscari Venice, Dept Environm Sci Informat & Stat, I-30170 Venice, Italy. [Furlan, Elisa; Torresan, Silvia; Critto, Andrea; Marcomini, Antonio] Fdn Ctr Euro Mediterraneo Cambiamenti Climat CMCC, I-73100 Lecce, Italy. [Slanzi, Debora] ECLT, Dorsoduro 3911, I-30123 Venice, Italy. [Slanzi, Debora] Univ Ca Foscari Venice, Dept Management, Cannaregio 873, I-30121 Venice, Italy. RP Critto, A (reprint author), Univ Ca Foscari Venice, Informat & Stat, Via Torino 155, I-30170 Venice, Italy. EM critto@unive.it FU PERSEUS project (Policy-oriented marine Environmental Research for the Southern European Seas) within the European Commission 7th Framework Programme - theme "Oceans of Tomorrow" [287600]; Italian Ministry of Education, University and ResearchMinistero dell' Istruzione, dell' Universita e della Ricerca (MIUR); Italian Ministry of Environment, Land and Sea under the GEMINA project FX The research leading to these results has been partly funded by the PERSEUS project (Policy-oriented marine Environmental Research for the Southern European Seas, http://www.perseusnet.eu) within the European Commission 7th Framework Programme - theme "Oceans of Tomorrow" (Grant Agreement No. 287600). Additional funding were provided by the Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research and the Italian Ministry of Environment, Land and Sea under the GEMINA project. NR 78 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 12 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD FEB 10 PY 2020 VL 703 AR 134972 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134972 PG 18 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KA6RQ UT WOS:000505924300118 PM 31759699 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Graco-Roza, C Santos, JBO Huszar, VLM Domingos, P Soininen, J Marinho, MM AF Graco-Roza, Caio Santos, Juliana B. O. Huszar, Vera L. M. Domingos, Patricia Soininen, Janne Marinho, Marcelo Manzi TI Downstream transport processes modulate the effects of environmental heterogeneity on riverine phytoplankton SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Biodiversity; Downstream transport process; Community distinctiveness; Lotic systems ID BETA DIVERSITY; METACOMMUNITY STRUCTURE; SPATIAL PROCESSES; FUNCTIONAL-GROUPS; EUTROPHIC LAKE; WATER-QUALITY; DISPERSAL; DYNAMICS; PATTERNS; COMMUNITIES AB Environmental heterogeneity (EH) in space and time promotes niche-partition, which leads to high variation in biological communities, such as in algae. In streams, EH is highly related to the intensity of the water flow and may lead to community variation mainly during the low flow conditions. Despite the wide knowledge on the responses of phytoplankton communities to EH in lentic and semi-lentic systems, studies of riverine phytoplankton community variation are still scarce. Here, we first investigated the relationship between phytoplankton community variation and EH in different courses of the river and between seasons. We expected that under low or intermediate flow conditions, there is a positive correlation between community variation and EH. Alternatively, we did not expect any relationship between EH and community variation under high flow condition because stronger downstream transport would mask environmental filtering. We sampled nine sites monthly (May 2012 to April 2013) in a tropical river of Brazilian Southeast. We calculated EH from abiotic data whereas for community variation, here community distinctiveness (CD), we used Sorensen (CDSor) and Bray-Curtis (CDBray) dissimilarities. Differences in EH, CDSor and CDBray were tested at between-season and among-course levels. We found lower distinctiveness during the dry season when EH was the highest. Contrastingly, phytoplankton CD was the highest even when EH was low during the wet season. We found that this pattern raised from the increasing in individuals dispersal during the wet season, promoting mass effects. Finally, our results thus reject the first hypothesis and show a negative relationship between EH and distinctiveness. However, results support our alternative hypothesis and show that during the wet season, distinctiveness is not driven by EH. These results provide new insights into how EH drives community variation, being useful for both basic research about riverine algal communities and biomonitoring programs using phytoplankton communities as bioindicators. (C). 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Graco-Roza, Caio; Domingos, Patricia; Marinho, Marcelo Manzi] Univ Estado Rio De Janeiro, Dept Plant Biol, Lab Ecol & Physiol Phytoplankton, PHLC, Rua Sao Francisco Xavier 524,Sala 511a, BR-20550900 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Santos, Juliana B. O.; Huszar, Vera L. M.] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Natl Museum, Lab Phycol, BR-20940040 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Graco-Roza, Caio; Soininen, Janne] Univ Helsinki, Dept Geosci & Geog, POB 64, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland. RP Graco-Roza, C (reprint author), Univ Estado Rio De Janeiro, Dept Plant Biol, Lab Ecol & Physiol Phytoplankton, PHLC, Rua Sao Francisco Xavier 524,Sala 511a, BR-20550900 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. EM caiogracor@gmail.com RI ; Marinho, Marcelo/C-1515-2013 OI Graco-Roza, Caio/0000-0002-0353-9154; Marinho, Marcelo/0000-0001-5661-4528 FU Fudacao de Apoio a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ)Carlos Chagas Filho Foundation for Research Support of the State of Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ); Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES)CAPES; CNPqNational Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) [303572/2017-5] FX CGR PhD scholarship was funded by Fudacao de Apoio a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ) and by Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES). MMM was partially supported by CNPq (303572/2017-5). NR 98 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD FEB 10 PY 2020 VL 703 AR 135519 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135519 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KA6RQ UT WOS:000505924300052 PM 31757554 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Martinez-Gallardo, MR Lopez, MJ Jurado, MM Suarez-Estrella, F Lopez-Gonzalez, JA Saez, JA Moral, R Moreno, J AF Martinez-Gallardo, Maria R. Lopez, Maria J. Jurado, Macarena M. Suarez-Estrella, Francisca Lopez-Gonzalez, Juan A. Saez, Jose A. Moral, Raul Moreno, Joaquin TI Bioremediation of Olive Mill Wastewater sediments in evaporation ponds through in situ composting assisted by bioaugmentation SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Phytotoxicity; Ecotoxicity; Phenolic compounds; In situ composting; Scedosporium apiospermum; Aspergillus ochraceus ID ASPERGILLUS-OCHRACEUS; BIODEGRADATION; MICROORGANISMS; WASTEWATERS; TOXICITY; ASSAY; DECOLORIZATION; BIODIVERSITY; DEGRADATION; PHENOL AB The common method for the disposal of olive oil mill wastewater (OMW) has been its accumulation in evaporation ponds where OMW sediments concentrate. Due to the phytotoxic and antimicrobial effect of OMW, leaks from ponds can pollute soils and water bodies. This work focuses on the search for microorganisms that can be used as inocula for bioremediation of polluted matrices in OMW ponds by means of in situ composting. Two fungi isolated from OMW sediments, Aspergillus ochraceus H2 and Scedosporium apiospermum H16, presented suitable capabilities for this use as a consortium. Composting eliminated the phyto- and ecotoxicity of OMW sediments by depleting their main toxic components. Inoculation with the fungal consortium improved the bioremediation efficacy of the technique by hastening the decrease of phytotoxicity and ecotoxicity and enhancing phytostimulant property of compost produced. This procedure constitutes a promising strategy for bioremediation of OMW polluted sites. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Martinez-Gallardo, Maria R.; Lopez, Maria J.; Jurado, Macarena M.; Suarez-Estrella, Francisca; Lopez-Gonzalez, Juan A.; Moreno, Joaquin] Univ Almeria, Agrifood Campus Int Excellence ceiA3, CITE II B, Unit Microbiol,Dept Biol & Geol, Almeria 04120, Spain. [Martinez-Gallardo, Maria R.; Lopez, Maria J.; Jurado, Macarena M.; Suarez-Estrella, Francisca; Lopez-Gonzalez, Juan A.; Moreno, Joaquin] Univ Almeria, CIAMBITAL, Almeria 04120, Spain. [Saez, Jose A.; Moral, Raul] Miguel Hernandez Univ, Dept Agrochem & Environm, EPS Orihuela, Ctra Beniel Km 3-2, Orihuela 03312, Alicante, Spain. RP Lopez, MJ (reprint author), Univ Almeria, Agrifood Campus Int Excellence ceiA3, CITE II B, Unit Microbiol,Dept Biol & Geol, Almeria 04120, Spain.; Lopez, MJ (reprint author), Univ Almeria, CIAMBITAL, Almeria 04120, Spain. EM mllopez@ual.es RI Lopez, Maria J./I-2933-2016 OI Lopez, Maria J./0000-0002-3153-3227 FU project LIFE+REGROW [LIFE16 ENV/ES/000331] FX This research was financially supported by the project LIFE+REGROW (LIFE16 ENV/ES/000331) "Reclamation of olive oil waste abandoned lagoons using bio-recovering strategies in a circular economy". Authors are grateful to Mora municipality (Toledo, Spain) and to GESREMAN Company for their help during the field trials in OMWevaporation ponds. NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD FEB 10 PY 2020 VL 703 AR 135537 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135537 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KA6RQ UT WOS:000505924300022 PM 31761371 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Mueller, M Bierschenk, AM Bierschenk, BM Pander, J Geist, J AF Mueller, Melanie Bierschenk, Antje M. Bierschenk, Beate M. Pander, Joachim Geist, Juergen TI Effects of multiple stressors on the distribution of fish communities in 203 headwater streams of Rhine, Elbe and Danube SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Freshwater biodiversity conservation; Catchment land use; Piscivorous birds; Wastewater; Structural degradation; Hydropower ID LAND-USE; INTERSTITIAL CONDITIONS; PISCIVOROUS BIRDS; FORAGING BEHAVIOR; HUCHO-HUCHO; WATER; HABITAT; RIVER; CONSERVATION; POPULATIONS AB Fishes in European rivers are threatened by manifold stressors such as structural degradation, water pollution, overexploitation, land-use changes in the catchment, invasive species and global processes including climate change. Identifying main stressors in a stream/river system is of utterly importance for efficiently utilizing the scarce funds for conservation measures in order to achieve the best possible outcome. Within 203 headwater streams of Rhine, Elbe and Danube, we quantified the relative influence of different environmental stressors (water chemistry, food availability (macroinvertebrates), terrestrial predators) and anthropogenic stressors (land use, structural modification of streams) on fish assemblages at different spatial scales based on multivariate biota-environment models. In our analyses, the predictor variables percentage of impoundments, crop farming (especially erosion-prone crops such as maize) and ground sealing in the catchments, the number of wastewater treatment plants and biogas plants in the catchments as well as structural modifications of river banks were most often identified as stressors influencing fish community composition. However, the effects of the stressors varied between the investigated survey-area scales (two different catchments sizes and riparian strips) and regionally (entire study area, major drainage systems, river catchments, stream sizes, geographical subregions). In most cases, fish community composition was simultaneously affected by multiple stressors, underpinning the need for a more holistic and ecosystem-based approach in freshwater conservation and restoration. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Mueller, Melanie; Bierschenk, Antje M.; Bierschenk, Beate M.; Pander, Joachim; Geist, Juergen] Tech Univ Munich, Dept Ecol & Ecosyst Management, Aquat Syst Biol Unit, Muhlenweg 22, D-85350 Freising Weihenstephan, Germany. RP Geist, J (reprint author), Tech Univ Munich, Dept Ecol & Ecosyst Management, Aquat Syst Biol Unit, Muhlenweg 22, D-85350 Freising Weihenstephan, Germany. EM geist@wzw.tum.de FU Bavarian State Ministry of Environmental and Consumer Protection [54-0270-71442/2014]; Bavarian Environmental Agency [54-0270-71442/2014] FX We are grateful to the Bavarian State Ministry of Environmental and Consumer Protection, particularly to Dr. A. Steiner and Dr. B. Wolf, and the Bavarian Environmental Agency for financing this study [grant number 54-0270-71442/2014]. The Bavarian state Ministry for Nutrition, Agriculture and Forestry, the Bavarian regional office for agriculture (LfL), in particular M. Treisch, and the Institute of Fisheries, in particular Dr. M. Schubert, and the "Fischereifachberatungen" are acknowledged for data provision and discussion. We further thank all fisheries and conservation experts participating in the project group for the valuable discussions of the data and the results. C. Truffel, J. Hildebrand and M. Riese are acknowledged for their help with data processing and Prof. M. Anderson (PRIMER-e, Massey University, NZ) for her support with statistical analyses. NR 123 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 15 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD FEB 10 PY 2020 VL 703 AR 134523 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134523 PG 20 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KA6RQ UT WOS:000505924300063 PM 31734505 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Paulin, MJ Remme, RP van der Hoek, DCJ de Knegt, B Koopman, KR Breure, AM Rutgers, M de Nijs, T AF Paulin, M. J. Remme, R. P. van der Hoek, D. C. J. de Knegt, B. Koopman, K. R. Breure, A. M. Rutgers, M. de Nijs, T. TI Towards nationally harmonized mapping and quantification of ecosystem services SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Urban ecosystem services; Assessment tool; Spatial model; Decision support; Socioeconomic valuation; Biophysical quantification ID URBAN GREEN SPACE; PARTICULATE MATTER; AIR; INDICATORS; CHALLENGES; DEPOSITION; PARTICLES; FRAMEWORK; SURFACES; IMPACT AB The EU 2020 Biodiversity Strategy requests EU Member States to map and assess ecosystem services within national territories, and to promote and integrate these values into policy-making. This calls for standardized and harmonized data, indicators, and methods to assess ecosystem services within national boundaries. Current approaches for assessing ecosystem services often oversimplify cross-scale heterogeneity, sacrificing the spatial and thematic detail required to support the needs and expectations of decision-makers at different levels. Hence, nationally harmonized models for mapping and quantifying ecosystem services are needed. This paper presents the Natural Capital Model (NC-Model), a spatially-explicit set of models for quantifying and mapping ecosystem services within the Netherlands. Its aim is to support the integration of ecosystem services within spatial planning and policy-making at the national level, contributing to the fulfilment of national and international environmental policy targets. Models introduce previously unexplored combinations of explanatory variables for modelling ecosystem functions and the socioeconomic benefits they accrue, making use of publicly-available and high-resolution spatial data. To capture spatial and thematic heterogeneity across the urban-rural gradient, the NC-Model comprises a subset of ecosystem service models tailored to the urban environment. To demonstrate the model's application, we expand on six urban ecosystem service models and implement them to quantify and map ecosystem services for Municipality of Amsterdam. High-resolution ecosystem supply and use maps provide detailed spatial information useful for supporting spatial planners and decision-makers who wish to optimize the allocation of natural elements while supporting the needs of citizens. They paint a picture on the interlinkages that exist between natural elements, ecological functions, and socioeconomic well-being in a friendly manner, tailored to various audiences with differing priorities. Their open-access nature enables their customization, supporting the sharing of knowledge and data to endorse ecosystem service modelling efforts by external parties within and outside the Netherlands. (C) 2019 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Paulin, M. J.; Koopman, K. R.; Breure, A. M.; Rutgers, M.; de Nijs, T.] Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm RIVM, Bilthoven, Netherlands. [Remme, R. P.] Stanford Univ, Nat Capital Project, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Breure, A. M.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Nijmegen, Netherlands. [van der Hoek, D. C. J.] Netherlands Environm Assessment Agcy PBL, The Hague, Netherlands. [de Knegt, B.] Wageningen Univ & Res WUR, Wageningen, Netherlands. RP Paulin, MJ (reprint author), Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm RIVM, Bilthoven, Netherlands. EM martina.paulin@rivm.nl OI /0000-0002-0799-2319 FU National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM); RIVM Strategic Program (SPR) [S/121007 NCESURE]; Marianne and Marcus Wallenberg Foundation FX This research has been funded by the National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM) and carried out within the framework of the RIVM Strategic Program (SPR; S/121007 NCESURE), in which expertise and innovative projects prepare RIVM to respond to future issues in health and sustainability. Roy Remme is supported by the Marianne and Marcus Wallenberg Foundation. NR 82 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD FEB 10 PY 2020 VL 703 AR 134973 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134973 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KA6RQ UT WOS:000505924300184 PM 31767316 OA Other Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Sun, X Tang, HJ Yang, P Hu, G Liu, ZH Wu, JG AF Sun, Xiao Tang, Huajun Yang, Peng Hu, Guang Liu, Zhenhuan Wu, Jianguo TI Spatiotemporal patterns and drivers of ecosystem service supply and demand across the conterminous United States: A multiscale analysis SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Ecosystem services (ESs); Land-use change; ES supply and demand; ES gap; Multiple scales; Drivers ID LAND-USE CHANGE; TRADE-OFFS; DECISION-MAKING; SOCIAL DEMAND; IMPACT; URBANIZATION; AREAS; CITY; BIODIVERSITY; GROWTH AB Land-use and land-cover changes associated with urbanization have significantly influenced biodiversity and ecosystem functions, as well as the supply and demand of ecosystem services (ESs). Assessing ESs and exploring their drivers are critical for regional land-use planning and ecological sustainability. In this study, the supply-demand matrix approach was used to quantify ES supply, demand, and their gap at multiple scales across the conterminous United States from 1940 to 2011. A new integrated measurement framework was proposed to offset ES deficits by identifying an optimal land-use conversion strategy. We focused on exploring the scale and spatial effects of the impacts of various drivers on ESs using ordination and regression analysis. The results showed that the expansion of developed land led to decreased ES supply and increased ES demand during the past seven decades, generating growing ES deficits at different scales, especially in highly urbanized metropolitan areas. To alleviate or offset ES deficits, promoting the intensive utilization of developed land and converting cropland, pasture, and barren land into forests would be the optimal land use strategies. Moreover, the drivers of ESs exhibited not only scale dependence but also spatial heterogeneity. The smaller the scale, the more diverse the drivers. The natural and socioeconomic drivers explained less variation at the metropolitan scale than at the state scale. Economic factors were key drivers for ESs at the state scale, while social factors were key drivers at the metropolitan scale. The regression coefficients for the drivers of ESs in the geographically weighted regression (GWR) model showed remarkable spatial heterogeneity. The GWR coefficients might have important implications for decision making in ES management. Localized and efficient land-use strategies and management policies are needed to reduce the ecological footprints of urban areas and thus achieve regional sustainability. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Sun, Xiao; Tang, Huajun; Yang, Peng] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Agr Resources & Reg Planning, Minist Agr & Rural Affairs, Key Lab Agr Remote Sensing AGRIRS, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China. [Hu, Guang] Zhejiang Sci Tech Univ, Sch Civil Engn & Architecture, Hangzhou 310018, Peoples R China. [Liu, Zhenhuan] Sun Yat Sen Univ, Sch Geog & Planning, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Wu, Jianguo] Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci & Sch Sustainabil, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. RP Yang, P (reprint author), Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Agr Resources & Reg Planning, Minist Agr & Rural Affairs, Key Lab Agr Remote Sensing AGRIRS, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China. EM sunxiao@caas.cn; tanghuajun@caas.cn; yangpeng@caas.cn; Jingle.Wu@asu.edu FU National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [41871358]; National Key Research and Development Program of China [2017YFD0300201]; China Postdoctoral Science FoundationChina Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2018M640207]; Ministry of Finance of China through the Non-Profit National Research Institute [Y2017JC30] FX This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grant No. 41871358]; the National Key Research and Development Program of China [Grant No. 2017YFD0300201]; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [Grant No. 2018M640207]; and Ministry of Finance of China through the Non-Profit National Research Institute [Grant No. Y2017JC30]. NR 96 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 27 U2 27 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD FEB 10 PY 2020 VL 703 AR 135005 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135005 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KA6RQ UT WOS:000505924300169 PM 31733497 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Zhang, YQ Hou, LY Li, ZC Zhao, DX Song, LG Shao, GD Ai, JJ Sun, QW AF Zhang, Yongqiang Hou, Lingyu Li, Zhichao Zhao, Dexian Song, Liguo Shao, Guodong Ai, JuanJuan Sun, Qiwu TI Leguminous supplementation increases the resilience of soil microbial community and nutrients in Chinese fir plantations SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Leguminous plant; Chinese fir; Soil microbial community; Soil nutrient ID PLANT FUNCTIONAL TRAITS; AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS; ORGANIC-MATTER; GREEN MANURE; FOREST; DIVERSITY; VEGETATION; PATTERNS; PRODUCTIVITY; BIODIVERSITY AB Understory vegetation plays a vital role in the flow of materials and nutrient cycling in plantation ecosystems. Introducing functional plants (one species or a group of plants that share similar characteristics and can play a similar role in an ecological environment) can quickly improve the environment of the soil of a plantation with a single-stand structure suffering from soil degradation. Five stands composed of Chinese fir plants of different ages (young, immature, near-mature, mature, and over-mature stand forests) were supplemented with leguminous plants to determine the effects on soil nutrients and microbial communities. We supplemented the five stands with five different combinations of four non-native plant species, Dalbergia balansae, Taxus chinensis, Spatholobus suberectus, and Kaempferia galangal, as treatments. After one year, plant growth was estimated, and soil samples were collected for laboratory experiments and high-throughput sequencing. Our results show that supplementing the stands with plants increased the nutrient content of the soil and promoted the growth and diversity of soil microbial communities in Chinese fir plantations. Furthermore, the effects of plant supplementation varied according to the age of the stand in the plantation; thus, the positive effects were stronger for young, immature, and near-mature stand forests than they were for mature and over-mature stand forests. Measurements of the microbial diversity in the soil revealed that supplementation increased diversity in the fungal community more than that in the bacterial community. A principal component analysis (PCA) of the five treatments and controls under different forest stands ages demonstrated that microbial communities differed significantly between treatments and controls and that supplementing Chinese fir plantations with leguminous plants had a greater influence on microbial communities than other plants did. Our study suggests that certain leguminous plants can increase soil nutrients and the diversity of soil microbial communities in one year. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhang, Yongqiang; Hou, Lingyu; Li, Zhichao; Song, Liguo; Ai, JuanJuan; Sun, Qiwu] Chinese Acad Forestry, Res Inst Forestry, Beijing 100091, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Yongqiang; Hou, Lingyu; Li, Zhichao; Song, Liguo; Ai, JuanJuan; Sun, Qiwu] Chinese Acad Forestry, State Key Lab Tree Genet & Breeding, Beijing 100091, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Yongqiang; Hou, Lingyu; Li, Zhichao; Song, Liguo; Ai, JuanJuan; Sun, Qiwu] Chinese Acad Forestry, Key Lab Tree Breeding & Cultivat, State Forestry & Grassland Adm, Beijing 100091, Peoples R China. [Zhao, Dexian] State Forestry & Grassland Adm, Res Ctr Urban Forest, Beijing 100091, Peoples R China. [Shao, Guodong] Univ Goettingen, Fac Forest Sci & Forest Ecol, Soil Sci Trop & Subtrop Ecosyst, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. RP Sun, QW (reprint author), Chinese Acad Forestry, Res Inst Forestry, Beijing 100091, Peoples R China.; Sun, QW (reprint author), Chinese Acad Forestry, State Key Lab Tree Genet & Breeding, Beijing 100091, Peoples R China.; Sun, QW (reprint author), Chinese Acad Forestry, Key Lab Tree Breeding & Cultivat, State Forestry & Grassland Adm, Beijing 100091, Peoples R China. EM qiwusun@126.com OI Zhao, Dexian/0000-0001-7395-5017 FU National Key Research and Development Program of China, China [2017YFC0505605] FX Basic research funding was provided partly by the National Key Research and Development Program of China, China (No. 2017YFC0505605). We would like to thank Chunqian Jiang (Research Institute of Forestry, the Chinese Academy of Forestry, China; State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding) provided program support. We woluld like to thank Qingkang Li (Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences) and Shuhua Lai for their help during soil sampling and plant investigation, as well as the technical staff at experimental farm in Fenyi, who assisted with the field experiments and have managed the field for the many years of the long-term experiment. We would like to thank Editage (www.editage.cn) for English language editing. NR 56 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD FEB 10 PY 2020 VL 703 AR 134917 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134917 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KA6RQ UT WOS:000505924300100 PM 31759708 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Rouse, S Porter, JS Wilding, TA AF Rouse, Sally Porter, Joanne S. Wilding, Thomas A. TI Artificial reef design affects benthic secondary productivity and provision of functional habitat SO ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article; Early Access DE artificial reef; epifauna; functional habitat; reef design; secondary productivity ID RENEWABLE ENERGY; LIFE-HISTORY; COMPLEXITY; FISH; BIODIVERSITY; GROWTH; COMMUNITIES; ASSEMBLAGES; PLATFORMS; DIVERSITY AB 1. Novel hard substratum, introduced through offshore developments, can provide habitat for marine species and thereby function as an artificial reef. To predict the ecological consequences of deploying offshore infrastructure, and sustainably manage the installation of new structures, interactions between artificial reefs and marine ecosystem functions and services must be understood. This requires quantitative data on the relationships between secondary productivity and artificial reef design, across all trophic levels. Benthic secondary productivity is, however, one of the least studied processes on artificial reefs. 2. In this study, we show that productivity rates of a common suspension feeder, Flustra foliacea (Linnaeus 1758), were 2.4 times higher on artificial reefs constructed from "complex" blocks than on reefs constructed from "simple" blocks, which had a smaller surface area. 3. Productivity rates were highest on external areas of reefs. Productivity rates decreased by 1.56%, per cm distance into the reef on complex reefs and 2.93% per cm into the reef on simple block reefs. The differences in productivity rates between reefs constructed from simple and complex blocks are assumed to reflect different current regimes and food supply between the external and internal reef areas, according to reef type. 4. Synthesis and applications. Our results show that artificial reef design can affect secondary productivity at low trophic levels. We demonstrate that the incorporation of voids into reef blocks can lead to a greater proportion of the structure serving as functional habitat for benthic species. By including such modifications into the design of artificial reefs, it may be possible to increase the overall productivity capacity of artificial structures. C1 [Rouse, Sally; Wilding, Thomas A.] Scottish Assoc Marine Sci, Oban, Argyll, Scotland. [Porter, Joanne S.] Heriot Watt Univ Orkney, Int Ctr Isl Technol, Stromness, Scotland. RP Rouse, S (reprint author), Scottish Assoc Marine Sci, Oban, Argyll, Scotland. EM sally.rouse@sams.ac.uk RI Porter, Joanne/B-8060-2011 OI Porter, Joanne/0000-0002-5878-3912 FU Natural Environment Research CouncilNERC Natural Environment Research Council [NFSD/13/04] FX Natural Environment Research Council, Grant/Award Number: NFSD/13/04 NR 56 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2045-7758 J9 ECOL EVOL JI Ecol. Evol. DI 10.1002/ece3.6047 EA FEB 2020 PG 9 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA KJ0KS UT WOS:000511747600001 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU da Silva, TW Fontana, CS AF da Silva, Thaiane W. Fontana, Carla S. TI Success of active restoration in grasslands: a case study of birds in southern Brazil SO RESTORATION ECOLOGY LA English DT Article; Early Access DE agriculture; conservation; grassland birds; land use; Pampa grasslands; recovery ID NATURAL GRASSLANDS; NORTHERN CAMPOS; CONSERVATION; HABITAT; BIODIVERSITY; ASSOCIATIONS; COMMUNITIES; DIVERSITY; RECOVERY; WETLANDS AB Grasslands in southeastern South America have been extensively converted to various land uses such as agriculture, threatening regional biodiversity. Active restoration has been viewed as a management alternative for recovery of degraded areas worldwide, although most studies are conducted in forests and none has evaluated the effect of active restoration of grasslands in southeastern South America. From 2015 through 2017 we monitored a federally owned tract of grassland from the beginning of the active-restoration process. We compared the bird community in this active-restoration area (AR) with a reference area (NG) in Pampa grasslands in southern Brazil. We sampled birds by point counts and surveyed vegetation structure in plots. Over the 3 years of active restoration, bird species richness and abundance were higher in AR (30 species, 171 individuals) than NG (22 species, 154 individuals). The species composition also differed between the two habitats. Grassland bird species were present in both AR and NG. The vegetation structure differed between AR and NG in five attributes: height, short and tall grasses, herbs, and shrubs. Since it has been found that active restoration is useful in promoting species diversity, we encourage studies of the use of long-term restoration efforts. Our study, even on a local scale, showed a rapid recovery of the bird community in the active-restoration compared to native grassland, and suggests the potential for recovery of the degraded grasslands of the Brazilian Pampa biome. C1 [da Silva, Thaiane W.; Fontana, Carla S.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Rio Grande do Sul, PUCRS, Programa Posgrad Ecol & Evolucao Biodiversidade, Museu Ciencia & Tecnol, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. RP da Silva, TW (reprint author), Pontificia Univ Catolica Rio Grande do Sul, PUCRS, Programa Posgrad Ecol & Evolucao Biodiversidade, Museu Ciencia & Tecnol, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. EM thaianews@gmail.com FU Coordination for Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (Capes)CAPES [88887.169260/2018-00, 88881.132869/2016-1]; Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq)National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) [303318/2013-9, 309438/2016-0]; Neotropical Grassland Conservancy; CNPqNational Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) [402083/2016-4] FX We are grateful to the Brazilian Army Campo de InstrucAo BarAo de SAo Borja (CIBSB), particularly Lieutenant Marcelo Mentges, for allowing access and providing logistical support for fieldwork and vegetation-recovery reports. We thank Cibele Indrusiak and Marcelo Madeira of the Brazilian Institute of the Environment and Renewable Natural Resources for introducing us to the CIBSB. We also thank the reviewers for the suggestions with improve the manuscript. Janet W. Reid reviewed English version of manuscript. The Coordination for Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (Capes) provided doctoral scholarships to T.W.S. for the PhD and Sandwich-PhD programs (88887.169260/2018-00, 88881.132869/2016-1). The Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) supported C.S.F. (303318/2013-9, 309438/2016-0). The Neotropical Grassland Conservancy and CNPq (402083/2016-4) provided financial support for fieldwork. NR 55 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1061-2971 EI 1526-100X J9 RESTOR ECOL JI Restor. Ecol. DI 10.1111/rec.13111 EA FEB 2020 PG 7 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KI6OO UT WOS:000511470300001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Guerrero, AM Barnes, M Bodin, O Chades, I Davis, KJ Iftekhar, MS Morgans, C Wilson, KA AF Guerrero, A. M. Barnes, M. Bodin, O. Chades, I Davis, K. J. Iftekhar, M. S. Morgans, C. Wilson, K. A. TI Key considerations and challenges in the application of social-network research for environmental decision making SO CONSERVATION BIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Early Access DE network methods; social-ecological systems; social-network analysis; social science methods; analisis de redes sociales; metodos de ciencias sociales; metodos de redes; sistemas socio-ecologicos ID P-ASTERISK MODELS; CENTRALITY MEASURES; SCALE MISMATCHES; MISSING DATA; CONSERVATION; GOVERNANCE; MULTIPLE AB Attempts to better understand the social context in which conservation and environmental decisions are made has led to increased interest in human social networks. To improve the use of social-network analysis in conservation, we reviewed recent studies in the literature in which such methods were applied. In our review, we looked for problems in research design and analysis that limit the utility of network analysis. Nineteen of 55 articles published from January 2016 to June 2019 exhibited at least 1 of the following problems: application of analytical methods inadequate or sensitive to incomplete network data; application of statistical approaches that ignore dependency in the network; or lack of connection between the theoretical base, research question, and choice of analytical techniques. By drawing attention to these specific areas of concern and highlighting research frontiers and challenges, including causality, network dynamics, and new approaches, we responded to calls for increasing the rigorous application of social science in conservation. C1 [Guerrero, A. M.; Chades, I; Davis, K. J.; Morgans, C.; Wilson, K. A.] Univ Queensland, ARC Ctr Excellence Environm Decis, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. [Guerrero, A. M.; Davis, K. J.; Morgans, C.] Univ Queensland, Ctr Biodivers & Conservat Sci, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. [Guerrero, A. M.; Morgans, C.; Wilson, K. A.] Univ Queensland, Sch Biol Sci, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. [Barnes, M.] James Cook Univ, ARC Ctr Excellence Coral Reef Studies, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia. [Bodin, O.] Stockholm Univ, Stockholm Resilience Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Chades, I] CSIRO, Ecosci Precinct, Dutton Pk, Qld 4102, Australia. [Davis, K. J.] Univ Exeter, Business Sch, Land Environm Econ & Policy Inst, Xfi Bldg, Exeter EX4 4PU, Devon, England. [Iftekhar, M. S.] Univ Western Australia, Sch Agr & Environm, Ctr Environm Econ & Policy, M087, Perth, WA 6009, Australia. RP Guerrero, AM (reprint author), Univ Queensland, ARC Ctr Excellence Environm Decis, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia.; Guerrero, AM (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Ctr Biodivers & Conservat Sci, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia.; Guerrero, AM (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Sch Biol Sci, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. EM a.m.guerrero@outlook.com RI Bodin, Orjan/A-5098-2010; Guerrero Gonzalez, Angela/L-2554-2014; Wilson, Kerrie/C-8058-2009 OI Bodin, Orjan/0000-0002-8218-1153; Guerrero Gonzalez, Angela/0000-0002-1556-9860; Iftekhar, Md Sayed/0000-0002-2827-2943; Barnes, Michele/0000-0002-1151-4037; Wilson, Kerrie/0000-0002-0092-935X FU Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Environmental DecisionsAustralian Research Council FX This research was supported by funding from the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Environmental Decisions. NR 75 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0888-8892 EI 1523-1739 J9 CONSERV BIOL JI Conserv. Biol. DI 10.1111/cobi.13461 EA FEB 2020 PG 10 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KI8NL UT WOS:000511614600001 PM 31943349 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Kays, R McShea, WJ Wikelski, M AF Kays, Roland McShea, William J. Wikelski, Martin TI Born-digital biodiversity data: Millions and billions SO DIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTIONS LA English DT Article; Early Access DE animal tracking; big data; biodiversity; camera trapping; conservation; ecological modelling; specimens ID CITIZEN SCIENCE; COLLECTIONS; ECOLOGY; SYSTEM AB Given the dramatic pace of change of our planet, we need rapid collection of environmental data to document how species are coping and to evaluate the impact of our conservation interventions. To address this need, new classes of "born digital" biodiversity records are now being collected and curated many orders of magnitude faster than traditional data. In addition to the millions of citizen science observations of species that have been accumulating over the last decade, the last few years have seen a surge of sensor data, with eMammal's camera trap archive passing 1 million photo-vouchered specimens and Movebank's animal tracking database recently passing 1.5 billion animal locations. Data from digital sensors have other advantages over visual citizen science observation in that the level of survey effort is intrinsically documented and they can preserve digital vouchers that can be used to verify species identity. These novel digital specimens are leading spatial ecology into the era of Big Data and will require a big tent of collaborating organizations to make these databases sustainable and durable. We urge institutions to recognize the future of born-digital records and invest in proper curation and standards so we can make the most of these records to inform management, inspire conservation action and tell natural history stories about life on the planet. C1 [Kays, Roland] North Carolina Museum Nat Sci, Raleigh, NC USA. [Kays, Roland] North Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC USA. [McShea, William J.] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Front Royal, VA USA. [Wikelski, Martin] Max Planck Inst Anim Behav, Dept Migrat, Radolfzell am Bodensee, Germany. [Wikelski, Martin] Univ Konstanz, Ctr Adv Study Collect Behav, Radolfzell am Bodensee, Germany. RP Wikelski, M (reprint author), Univ Konstanz, Dept Migrat Germany, Max Planck Inst Anim Behav, Constance, Radolfzell, Germany.; Wikelski, M (reprint author), Univ Konstanz, Ctr Adv Study Collect Behav, Max Planck Inst Anim Behav, Constance, Radolfzell, Germany. EM wikeiski@ab.mpg.de FU Max Planck Institute of Animal Behaviour; Smithsonian InstituteSmithsonian Institution; North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences; NASANational Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA); National Science FoundationNational Science Foundation (NSF) FX Big thanks to the larger teams that make eMammal and Movebank possible. We thank the Max Planck Institute of Animal Behaviour, The Smithsonian Institute, the North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences, NASA, and the National Science Foundation for supporting Movebank and eMammal. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1366-9516 EI 1472-4642 J9 DIVERS DISTRIB JI Divers. Distrib. DI 10.1111/ddi.12993 EA FEB 2020 PG 5 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KI7KX UT WOS:000511529700001 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Rey, A Basurko, OC Rodriguez-Ezpeleta, N AF Rey, Anais Basurko, Oihane C. Rodriguez-Ezpeleta, Naiara TI Considerations for metabarcoding-based port biological baseline surveys aimed at marine nonindigenous species monitoring and risk assessments SO ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article; Early Access DE ballast water; environmental DNA; environmental monitoring; invasive species; metabarcoding; nonindigenous species; port biological baseline surveys ID 1ST RECORD; IDENTIFICATION; BAY AB Monitoring introduction and spread of nonindigenous species via maritime transport and performing risk assessments require port biological baseline surveys. Yet, the comprehensiveness of these surveys is often compromised by the large number of habitats present in a port, the seasonal variability, and the time-consuming morphological approach used for taxonomic identification. Metabarcoding represents a promising alternative for rapid comprehensive port biological baseline surveys, but its application in this context requires further assessments. We applied metabarcoding (based on barcodes of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I and of the 18S ribosomal RNA gene) to 192 port samples collected (a) from diverse habitats (water column-including environmental DNA and zooplankton, sediment, and fouling structures), (b) at different sites (from inner to outer estuary), and iii) during the four seasons of the year. By comparing the biodiversity metrics derived from each sample group, we show that each sampling method resulted in a distinct community profile and that environmental DNA alone cannot substitute for organismal sampling, and that, although sampling at different seasons and locations resulted in higher observed biodiversity, operational results can be obtained by sampling selected locations and seasons. By assessing the taxonomic composition of the samples, we show that metabarcoding data allowed the detection of previously recorded nonindigenous species as well as to reveal presence of new ones, even if in low abundance. Synthesis and application. Our comprehensive assessment of metabarcoding for port biological baseline surveys sets the basics for cost-effective, standardized, and comprehensive monitoring of nonindigenous species and for performing risk assessments in ports. This development will contribute to the implementation of the recently entered into force International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships' Ballast Water and Sediments. C1 [Rey, Anais; Basurko, Oihane C.; Rodriguez-Ezpeleta, Naiara] AZTI, Marine Res Div, Txatxarramendi Ugartea Z-G, Sukarrieta 48395, Bizkaia, Spain. RP Rodriguez-Ezpeleta, N (reprint author), AZTI, Marine Res Div, Txatxarramendi Ugartea Z-G, Sukarrieta 48395, Bizkaia, Spain. EM nrodriguez@azti.es RI Rodriguez-Ezpeleta, Naiara/B-7138-2014 OI Rodriguez-Ezpeleta, Naiara/0000-0001-6735-6755 FU European CommissionEuropean Commission Joint Research Centre [642197] FX European Commission, Grant/Award Number: 642197 NR 72 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2045-7758 J9 ECOL EVOL JI Ecol. Evol. DI 10.1002/ece3.6071 EA FEB 2020 PG 14 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA KI7MM UT WOS:000511533900001 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Johnke, J Dirksen, P Schulenburg, H AF Johnke, Julia Dirksen, Philipp Schulenburg, Hinrich TI Community assembly of the native C. elegans microbiome is influenced by time, substrate and individual bacterial taxa SO ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Early Access ID ABUNDANCE DISTRIBUTIONS; GUT MICROBIOTA; BIODIVERSITY; DIVERSITY; ENVIRONMENT; RESILIENCE; COMPLEXITY; MODELS; HEALTH; CORE AB Microbiome communities are complex assemblages of bacteria. The dissection of their assembly dynamics is challenging because it requires repeated sampling of both host and source communities. We used the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans as a model to study these dynamics. We characterized microbiome variation from natural worm populations and their substrates for two consecutive years using 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing. We found conservation in microbiome composition across time at the genus, but not amplicon sequencing variant (ASV) level. Only three ASVs were consistently present across worm samples (Comamonas ASV10859, Pseudomonas ASV7162 and Cellvibrio ASV9073). ASVs were more diverse in worms from different rather than the same substrates, indicating an influence of the source community on microbiome assembly. Surprisingly, almost 50% of worm-associated ASVs were absent in corresponding substrates, potentially due to environmental filtering. Ecological network analysis revealed strong effects of bacteria-bacteria interactions on community composition: While a dominant Erwinia strain correlated with decreased alpha-diversity, predatory bacteria of the Bdellovibrio and like organisms associated with increased alpha-diversity. High alpha-diversity was further linked to high worm population growth, especially on species-poor substrates. Our results highlight that microbiomes are individually shaped and sensitive to dramatic community shifts in response to particular competitive species. C1 [Johnke, Julia; Dirksen, Philipp; Schulenburg, Hinrich] Univ Kiel, Zool Inst, Evolutionary Ecol & Genet, Kiel, Germany. [Dirksen, Philipp; Schulenburg, Hinrich] Max Planck Inst Evolutionary Biol, Plon, Germany. RP Johnke, J (reprint author), Univ Kiel, Zool Inst, Evolutionary Ecol & Genet, Kiel, Germany. EM jjohnke@zoologie.unikiel.de FU Deutsche ForschungsgemeinschaftGerman Research Foundation (DFG) [CRC 1182]; Max-Planck SocietyMax Planck SocietyFoundation CELLEX; Excellence Cluster Precision Medicine in Chronic Inflammation [EXC 22167-390884018]; Competence Center for Genome Analysis Kiel; Kiel Life Sciences NR 79 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1462-2912 EI 1462-2920 J9 ENVIRON MICROBIOL JI Environ. Microbiol. SI SI DI 10.1111/1462-2920.14932 EA FEB 2020 PG 15 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA KI6RV UT WOS:000511478900001 PM 32003074 OA Other Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Dagley, CM Berrill, JP Coppeto, SA Eschtruth, AK AF Dagley, Christa M. Berrill, John-Pascal Coppeto, Stephanie A. Eschtruth, Anne K. TI Understory responses to restoration in aspen-conifer forests around the Lake Tahoe Basin: residual stand attributes predict recovery SO RESTORATION ECOLOGY LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Abies; conifer encroachment; forest thinning; fuel reduction; Populus tremuloides; regeneration; Sierra Nevada; slash pile burning ID NORTHERN SIERRA-NEVADA; POPULUS-TREMULOIDES; SLASH; FIRE; REGENERATION; SUCCESSION; CALIFORNIA; LANDSCAPE; REMOVAL; SCARS AB The removal of conifers from aspen (Populus tremuloides) stands is being undertaken throughout the western United States to restore aspen for local- and landscape-level biodiversity. Current practices include mechanically removing conifers or hand thinning, piling, and burning cut conifers in and adjacent to aspen-conifer stands. To evaluate the effectiveness of restoration treatments, we examined tree regeneration and herbaceous vegetation cover in thinned, thinned and pile burned, and non-thinned control stands. Growth rates of small conifer saplings threatening to outcompete and replace aspen were also measured. Two to four years after pile burning, herbaceous vegetation cover within the footprint of burned piles (i.e. burn scars) was 35-73% of that in adjacent areas. Aspen was more likely to regenerate inside burn scars where fewer surrounding trees were true firs. Conifer seedlings were more likely to regenerate in burn scars where more of the surrounding trees were conifers (pine or fir) as opposed to aspen. Fir saplings had much slower growth than did aspen saplings. Overall, our findings show that restoration treatments are promoting desirable outcomes such as enhancing aspen regeneration but that follow-up treatments will be needed to remove numerous conifer seedlings becoming established after restoration activities. Eliminating conifers, while they are small, growing slowly, and contributing little to fuel loads may be an economical way to prolong restoration treatment effectiveness. C1 [Dagley, Christa M.; Berrill, John-Pascal] Univ Maine, Sch Forest Resources, 5755 Nutting Hall, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [Coppeto, Stephanie A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Lake Tahoe Basin Management Unit, 35 Coll Dr, South Lake Tahoe, CA 96150 USA. [Eschtruth, Anne K.] Univ San Francisco, Dept Biol, 2130 Fulton St, San Francisco, CA 94117 USA. RP Dagley, CM (reprint author), Univ Maine, Sch Forest Resources, 5755 Nutting Hall, Orono, ME 04469 USA. EM christa.dagley@maine.edu FU McIntire-Stennis Cooperative Forestry Research Program; Bureau of Land Management FX We are thankful for the advice, assistance, and support of our collaborators Kyle Jacobson and Victor Lyon (USDA Forest Service), David Catalano and Mark Enders (Nevada Division of Wildlife), Roland Shaw (Nevada Division of Forestry), Tamara Sasaki and Silver Hartman (California State Parks), and Judy Clot (California Tahoe Conservancy). Field assistance was provided by Brandon Namm, Nick Knipe, Chris Harrison, Ethan Hammett, Jesse Jeffress, Christopher Kirk, Forest Kirk, David Perry, Kirk Perttu, Dustin Revel, and Chris Valness. This research was supported by McIntire-Stennis Cooperative Forestry Research Program and Bureau of Land Management through sale of public lands as authorized by Southern Nevada Public Land Management Act (SNPLMA). NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1061-2971 EI 1526-100X J9 RESTOR ECOL JI Restor. Ecol. DI 10.1111/rec.13121 EA FEB 2020 PG 9 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KI5WP UT WOS:000511420800001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Herve, V Lopez, PJ AF Herve, Vincent Lopez, Pascal Jean TI Analysis of interdomain taxonomic patterns in urban street mats SO ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Early Access ID MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES; BACTERIAL COMMUNITIES; DRINKING-WATER; DIVERSITY; ECOLOGY; SCALE; BIODEGRADATION; POLLUTION; PHYLOGENY; NUTRIENT AB Streets are constantly crossed by billions of vehicles and pedestrians. Their gutters, which convey stormwater and contribute to waste management, and are important for human health and well-being, probably play a number of ecological roles. Street surfaces may also represent an important part of city surface areas. To better characterize the ecology of this yet poorly explored compartment, we used filtration and DNA metabarcoding to address microbial community composition and assembly across the city of Paris, France. Diverse bacterial and eukaryotic taxonomic groups were identified, including members involved in key biogeochemical processes, along with a number of parasites and putative pathogens of human, animals and plants. We showed that the beta diversity patterns between bacterial and eukaryotic communities were correlated, suggesting interdomain associations. Beta diversity analyses revealed the significance of biotic factors (cohesion metrics) in shaping gutter microbial community assembly and, to a lesser extent, the contribution of abiotic factors (pH and conductivity). Co-occurrences analysis confirmed contrasting non-random patterns both within and between domains of life, specifically when comparing diatoms and fungi. Our results highlight microbial coexistence patterns in streets and reinforce the need to further explore biodiversity in urban ground transportation infrastructures. C1 [Herve, Vincent] Max Planck Inst Terr Microbiol, Karl von Frisch Str 10, D-35043 Marburg, Germany. [Lopez, Pascal Jean] Univ Antilles, Univ Caen Normandie, Lab Biol ORganismes & Ecosyst Aquat BOREA, Museum Natl Hist Nat,CNRS,Sorbonne Univ,Inst Rech, 43 Rue Cuvier, F-75005 Paris, France. RP Lopez, PJ (reprint author), Univ Antilles, Univ Caen Normandie, Lab Biol ORganismes & Ecosyst Aquat BOREA, Museum Natl Hist Nat,CNRS,Sorbonne Univ,Inst Rech, 43 Rue Cuvier, F-75005 Paris, France. EM pascal-jean.lopez@mnhn.fr OI Lopez, Pascal Jean/0000-0002-9914-4252; Herve, Vincent/0000-0002-3495-561X FU PEPS program from CNRS INEE; Labex DRIIHM, French programme 'Investissements d'Avenir'French National Research Agency (ANR) [ANR-11-LABX-0010]; OHM Littoral Caraibe FX This work was supported by the PEPS program from CNRS INEE and by the Labex DRIIHM, French programme 'Investissements d'Avenir' (ANR-11-LABX-0010) which is managed by the ANR, and the OHM Littoral Caraibe. We also thank the anonymous reviewers for their helpful and constructive comments. NR 89 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1462-2912 EI 1462-2920 J9 ENVIRON MICROBIOL JI Environ. Microbiol. DI 10.1111/1462-2920.14933 EA FEB 2020 PG 14 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA KI6JP UT WOS:000511456100001 PM 31997567 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Baker, R Pleimling, M AF Baker, Ryan Pleimling, Michel TI The effect of habitats and fitness on species coexistence in systems with cyclic dominance SO JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Many species food networks; Emerging space-time patterns; Heterogeneous environment; Extinction events ID COMPETING ASSOCIATIONS; EVOLUTIONARY GAME; PATTERN-FORMATION; STRING NETWORKS; BIODIVERSITY; ORGANIZATION; PROMOTES AB Cyclic dominance between species may yield spiral waves that are known to provide a mechanism enabling persistent species coexistence. This observation holds true even in presence of spatial heterogeneity in the form of quenched disorder. In this work we study the effects on spatio-temporal patterns and species coexistence of structured spatial heterogeneity in the form of habitats that locally provide one of the species with an advantage. Performing extensive numerical simulations of systems with three and six species we show that these structured habitats destabilize spiral waves. Analyzing extinction events, we find that species extinction probabilities display a succession of maxima as function of time, that indicate a periodically enhanced probability for species extinction. Analysis of the mean extinction time reveals that as a function of the parameter governing the advantage of one of the species a transition between stable coexistence and unstable coexistence takes place. We also investigate how efficiency as a predator or a prey affects species coexistence. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Baker, Ryan; Pleimling, Michel] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Acad Integrated Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Pleimling, Michel] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Phys, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Pleimling, Michel] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Ctr Soft Matter & Biol Phys, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Pleimling, M (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Acad Integrated Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.; Pleimling, M (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Phys, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.; Pleimling, M (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Ctr Soft Matter & Biol Phys, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM pleim@vt.edu FU US National Science FoundationNational Science Foundation (NSF) [DMR-1606814] FX This work is supported by the US National Science Foundation through grant DMR-1606814. NR 65 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-5193 EI 1095-8541 J9 J THEOR BIOL JI J. Theor. Biol. PD FEB 7 PY 2020 VL 486 AR 110084 DI 10.1016/j.jtbi.2019.110084 PG 8 WC Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA KE3WH UT WOS:000508488900022 PM 31758965 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Baumgartner, MT AF Baumgartner, Matheus T. TI Connectance and nestedness as stabilizing factors in response to pulse disturbances in adaptive antagonistic networks SO JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Stability; Community robustness; Ecological interaction networks; Food webs; Lotka-Volterra ID SPECIES ABUNDANCE DISTRIBUTIONS; ECOLOGICAL NETWORKS; BIODIVERSITY LOSS; FOOD WEBS; ROBUSTNESS; INCREASES; DYNAMICS; DIVERSITY AB Understanding how network architectures are related to community robustness is essential to investigating the effects of disturbances on biological systems. Regarding the perturbations that are observed in disturbance regimes, frequency and intensity are two main descriptors, specifically for those events with short duration. Here, I used the architecture of 45 real-world weighted bipartite networks to assess whether network size, connectance, and nestedness are related to the effects of pulse disturbances in antagonistic communities. Networks were simulated under five scenarios with different combinations of frequency and intensity of perturbations. The dynamics of resource-consumer interactions followed the adaptive interaction switching behavior, which is the key topological process underlying most of the architectures of antagonistic webs. As opposed to most studies considering the effects of disturbances as species extinctions explicitly, the effects of disturbances here were modeled as changes in the abundance of consumers following immediate reductions in the abundance of resources. Simulations revealed that community robustness to pulse disturbances increased with both connectance and nestedness overall, with no effect of network size. Community networks with highly connected and nested topologies were more robust to disturbances, particularly under high frequency and intensity perturbations. By considering disturbances that are not directly related to species' extinctions, this study provides valuable insights that connectance and nestedness have an important stabilizing role in ecological networks. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Baumgartner, Matheus T.] Univ Estadual Maringa, Ctr Biol Sci, Dept Biol, Grad Course Ecol Freshwater Environm, Maringa, Parana, Brazil. RP Baumgartner, MT (reprint author), Univ Estadual Maringa, Ctr Biol Sci, Dept Biol, Grad Course Ecol Freshwater Environm, Maringa, Parana, Brazil. EM matheus_tbs@hotmail.com FU Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES) of the Ministry of Education from BrazilCAPES FX I am grateful to the Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES) of the Ministry of Education from Brazil for the Ph.D. scholarship provided. NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-5193 EI 1095-8541 J9 J THEOR BIOL JI J. Theor. Biol. PD FEB 7 PY 2020 VL 486 AR 110073 DI 10.1016/j.jtbi.2019.110073 PG 6 WC Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA KE3WH UT WOS:000508488900005 PM 31705878 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Murray, R Young, G AF Murray, Ryan Young, Glenn TI Neutral competition in a deterministically changing environment: Revisiting continuum approaches SO JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID STOCHASTICITY; COEXISTENCE; FIXATION; BIODIVERSITY; EVOLUTION; DYNAMICS AB Environmental variation can play an important role in ecological competition by influencing the relative advantage between competing species. Here, we consider such effects by extending a classical, competitive Moran model to incorporate an environment that fluctuates periodically in time. We adapt methods from work on these classical models to investigate the effects of the magnitude and frequency of environmental fluctuations on two important population statistics: the probability of fixation and the mean time to fixation. In particular, we find that for small frequencies, the system behaves similar to a system with a constant fitness difference between the two species, and for large frequencies, the system behaves similar to a neutrally competitive model. Most interestingly, the system exhibits nontrivial behavior for intermediate frequencies. We conclude by showing that our results agree quite well with recent theoretical work on competitive models with a stochastically changing environment, and discuss how the methods we develop ease the mathematical analysis required to study such models. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Murray, Ryan] North Carolina State Univ, Dept Math, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Young, Glenn] Kennesaw State Univ, Dept Math, Marietta, GA 30060 USA. RP Young, G (reprint author), Kennesaw State Univ, Dept Math, Marietta, GA 30060 USA. EM gyoung19@kennesaw.edu OI Murray, Ryan/0000-0002-4491-4096 FU National Science FoundationNational Science Foundation (NSF) [CMMI-1463482] FX GY was supported by National Science Foundation Grant CMMI-1463482. NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-5193 EI 1095-8541 J9 J THEOR BIOL JI J. Theor. Biol. PD FEB 7 PY 2020 VL 486 AR 110104 DI 10.1016/j.jtbi.2019.110104 PG 7 WC Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA KE3WH UT WOS:000508488900037 PM 31809716 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Justine, JL Winsor, L Gey, D Gros, P Thevenot, J AF Justine, Jean-Lou Winsor, Leigh Gey, Delphine Gros, Pierre Thevenot, Jessica TI Obama chez moi! The invasion of metropolitan France by the land planarian Obama nungara (Platyhelminthes, Geoplanidae) SO PEERJ LA English DT Article DE Platyhelminthes; France; Alien invasive species; Land planarians; Barcoding; Citizen science ID TERRESTRIAL PLANARIAN; 1ST REPORT; TRICLADIDA; CONTINENTICOLA; GENUS; SUBSTITUTIONS; TERRICOLA; RECORD AB Background: Obama nungara is a species of land flatworm originating from South America; the species was recently described and distinguished from a similar species, Obama marmorata. Obama nungara has invaded several countries of Europe, but the extent of the invasion has not been thoroughly mapped. Methods: In this article, based on a five and a half-year survey undertaken by citizen science, which yielded 530 records from 2013 to 2018, we analysed information about the invasion of Metropolitan France by O. nungara. We also investigated the variability of newly obtained cytochrome c oxidase 1 (COI) sequences of specimens from France, Italy and Switzerland. Results: Obama nungara was recorded from 72 of the 96 Departments of Metropolitan France. The species is especially abundant along the Atlantic coast, from the Spanish border to Brittany, and along the Mediterranean coast, from the Spanish border to the Italian border. More than half of the records were from an altitude below 50 m, and no record was from above 500 m; mountainous regions such as the Alps, Pyrenees and Massif Central are not invaded. Local abundance can be impressive, with 100 of specimens found in a small garden. An analysis of our new COI sequences, combined with published sequences of specimens from several countries, confirmed that three clades comprise the species. The first clade, 'Brazil', is currently confined to this country in South America; the second clade, 'Argentina 2', was found in Argentina and in Europe, only in Spain; and the third, 'Argentina 1', was found in Argentina and in Europe, in Spain, Portugal, France, UK, Italy, Belgium, and Switzerland. This suggests that two clades of O. nungara from Argentina have invaded Europe, with one widely spread. Discussion: The present findings strongly suggest that O. nungara is a highly invasive species and that the population which has invaded several countries in Europe comes from Argentina. The wide dispersion of the species and its reported local abundance, combined with the predatory character of the species, make O. nungara a potential threat to the biodiversity and ecology of the native soil fauna in Europe, and probably the most threatening species of all invasive land planarians present in Europe. C1 [Justine, Jean-Lou] Univ Antilles, Museum Natl Hist Nat, UPMC,CNRS,UMR7205, ISYEB,Inst Systemat Evolut Biodiversite,EPHE,MNHN, Paris, France. [Winsor, Leigh] James Cook Univ, Coll Sci & Engn, Townsville, Qld, Australia. [Gey, Delphine] Museum Natl Hist Nat, Serv Systemat Mol, Paris, France. [Gros, Pierre] Amateur Naturalist, Cagnes Sur Mer, France. [Thevenot, Jessica] Museum Natl Hist Nat, CNRS, AFB, UMS Patrinat,MNHN, Paris, France. RP Justine, JL (reprint author), Univ Antilles, Museum Natl Hist Nat, UPMC,CNRS,UMR7205, ISYEB,Inst Systemat Evolut Biodiversite,EPHE,MNHN, Paris, France. EM justine@mnhn.fr OI Justine, Jean-Lou/0000-0002-7155-4540 FU Actions Thematiques du Museum (ATM) from Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France FX This work was supported by Actions Thematiques du Museum (ATM) from Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 60 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PEERJ INC PI LONDON PA 341-345 OLD ST, THIRD FLR, LONDON, EC1V 9LL, ENGLAND SN 2167-8359 J9 PEERJ JI PeerJ PD FEB 6 PY 2020 VL 8 AR e8385 DI 10.7717/peerj.8385 PG 32 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA KI6DP UT WOS:000511439900003 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Ettwein, A Korner, P Lanz, M Lachat, T Kokko, H Pasinelli, G AF Ettwein, A. Korner, P. Lanz, M. Lachat, T. Kokko, H. Pasinelli, G. TI Habitat selection of an old-growth forest specialist in managed forests SO ANIMAL CONSERVATION LA English DT Article; Early Access DE occupancy modeling; habitat selection; white-backed woodpecker; Dendrocopos leucotos; habitat specialist; forest management; old-growth forests; primeval forests ID WHITE-BACKED WOODPECKER; ESTIMATING SITE OCCUPANCY; FAGUS-SYLVATICA FOREST; DEAD-WOOD; SAPROXYLIC BEETLES; DENDROCOPOS-LEUCOTOS; SEXUAL-DIMORPHISM; EUROPEAN FORESTS; BIODIVERSITY; VOLUME AB Old-growth forest specialists are among the species most affected by commercial forestry. However, it is often unclear whether such species can persist and what their habitat needs are in managed forests. We investigated habitat selection of one such old-growth forest specialist, the white-backed woodpecker Dendrocopos leucotos, a species highly dependent on dead wood and typically found in primeval forests. Our aim was to understand factors affecting occupancy probability in managed forests in Central Europe, based on detection/non-detection data in 62 squares of 1 km(2) in 2015 and 2016. We used occupancy models to compare a priori expectations about the relationships between occupancy and habitat characteristics at two spatial scales while accounting for imperfect detection. Occupancy was best explained by a proxy for food availability at a large (1 km(2)) scale and increased with the abundance of emergence holes produced by saproxylic beetles on standing and lying dead wood. Furthermore, occupancy was positively related to the mean diameter at breast height of live trees and standing dead wood at a small scale (0.25 km(2) with high amounts of dead wood). Detection probability was negatively related to time of day, date and number of accessible survey points, and positively related to the number of observers. Our results demonstrate that detailed knowledge about a species' foraging ecology is important for its effective conservation as surrogate criteria such as dead wood availability might not reflect the key factors required. For white-backed woodpeckers, it is important that the available dead wood is sufficiently colonized by saproxylic beetles, and for the conservation of the species, the habitat requirements of saproxylic beetles thus have to be taken into account as well. C1 [Ettwein, A.; Korner, P.; Lanz, M.; Pasinelli, G.] Swiss Ornithol Inst, Sempach, Switzerland. [Lachat, T.] Sch Agr Forest & Food Sci HAFL, Zollikofen, Switzerland. [Lachat, T.] Swiss Fed Inst Forest Snow & Landscape Res WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland. [Kokko, H.; Pasinelli, G.] Univ Zurich, Dept Evolutionary Biol & Environm Studies, Zurich, Switzerland. RP Ettwein, A (reprint author), Swiss Ornithol Inst, Sempach, Switzerland.; Ettwein, A (reprint author), Seerose 1, CH-6204 Sempach, Switzerland. EM antonia.ettwein@vogelwarte.ch FU inatura Erlebnis Naturschau GmbH, Dornbirn FX We thank Jerome Guelat and Gabriele Hilke Peter for providing advice and support with GIS work, Ueli Buhler and Georg Willi for stimulating discussions on the white-backed woodpecker, Gianna Petendi, Marlies Sperandio, Sandra Melcher, Johanna Kronberger and Carolyn Nabholz for help during field work, and inatura Erlebnis Naturschau GmbH, Dornbirn, for financial support. Inatura and BirdLife Vorarlberg provided us with data on previous observations of the study species, for which we are very grateful. NR 65 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1367-9430 EI 1469-1795 J9 ANIM CONSERV JI Anim. Conserv. DI 10.1111/acv.12567 EA FEB 2020 PG 14 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KI4KZ UT WOS:000511320600001 OA Green Accepted DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Jin, MJ Zwick, A Slipinski, A De Keyzer, R Pang, H AF Jin, Mengjie Zwick, Andreas Slipinski, Adam De Keyzer, Roger Pang, Hong TI Museomics reveals extensive cryptic diversity of Australian prionine longhorn beetles with implications for their classification and conservation SO SYSTEMATIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article; Early Access ID SEX-PHEROMONE; SPECIES DELIMITATION; HIGH-ACCURACY; CERAMBYCIDAE; COLEOPTERA; ALIGNMENT; ALGORITHM; TAXONOMY; BORER AB We combined museum collection genomics and morphology to identify new genera and species, and to otherwise revise the taxonomy of the poorly understood Australian longhorn beetles in the subfamily Prioninae. Moreover, we produced a comprehensive DNA reference library for molecular species identification and a first comprehensive molecular phylogeny for all Australian Prioninae, using mitogenomic data. The Prioninae include some of the world's largest beetles, and their long-lived larvae are major recyclers of solid dead timber, yet these longhorn beetles are rarely seen in nature due to their concealed habits, short adult lifespans and nocturnal habits. Furthermore, many species are difficult to identify using morphological characters. We applied Whole Genome Shotgun (WGS) sequencing to 213 historical museum specimens, representing all morphological types of Australian Prioninae. Complete mitochondrial genomes were obtained for all genera, and at least one mitochondrial protein-coding gene (PCG) was acquired for an additional 141 specimens of Australian Prioninae. Using molecular species delimitation tools, we identified 48 new species of Australian Prioninae, nearly doubling the number of currently recognized Australian species of Prioninae. We assign generic status to Catypnes Pascoe, 1864 stat.r. and Hermerius Newman, 1844 stat.r., propose a new synonymy for Cnemoplites Newman, 1842 (= Paroplites Lameere, 1903 syn.n.), describe six new genera, including Paulhutchinsonia Jin, de Keyzer & slipinski gen.n., Papunya Jin, de Keyzer & slipinski gen.n., Dunmorium Jin, de Keyzer & slipinski gen.n., Hagrides Jin, de Keyzer & slipinski gen.n., Cryptipus Jin, de Keyzer & slipinski gen.n., Geoffmonteithia Jin, de Keyzer & slipinski gen.n., and revise the tribal composition of the Australian Macrotomini. Moreover, our phylogeny of Prioninae provides valuable new insights into the evolutionary origins and nearest relatives of several Australian endemic taxa. Our results emphasize the importance of natural history museums as a repository for information about biodiversity, and highlight the opportunities associated with using museum specimens as a source for molecular data in phylogenetic studies. C1 [Jin, Mengjie; Pang, Hong] Sun Yat Sen Univ, Sch Ecol, Sch Life Sci, State Key Lab Biocontrol, Guangzhou 510275, Peoples R China. [Jin, Mengjie; Zwick, Andreas; Slipinski, Adam] CSIRO, Australian Natl Insect Collect, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. [De Keyzer, Roger] Australian Museum, Entomol, Sydney, NSW, Australia. RP Pang, H (reprint author), Sun Yat Sen Univ, Sch Ecol, Sch Life Sci, State Key Lab Biocontrol, Guangzhou 510275, Peoples R China.; Zwick, A (reprint author), CSIRO, Australian Natl Insect Collect, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. EM andreas.zwick@csiro.au; lsshpang@mail.sysu.edu.cn FU Australian Department of Agriculture and Water ResourcesAustralian Government; Australian Biological Resources Study (ABRS); National Key Research and Development Plan [2017YFD0201000]; Open Project of the State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol [2018-04] FX We are indebted to the following colleagues and their institutions for providing specimens for this study and their generous support during our visits to examine specimens: Chris Reid and Derek Smith (AM, Sydney); Allen Sundholm (Sydney); Andras Szito and Cameron Brumley (DAFWA, Perth); Jude Philp and Matthew Huan (MAMU, Sydney); Ken Walker, Simon Hinkley and Peter Lillywhite (MV, Melbourne); Peter S. Gillespie and Ainsley Seago (OAI, Orange); Paul M. Hutchinson (Perth), Geoff Monteith and Susan Wright (QM, Brisbane); Simon Fearn (QVMAG, Launceston); and Nikolai J. Tatarnic and Brian Hanich (WAM, Perth). We thank James Nicholls (CSIRO, Canberra) for suggestions during laboratory work and Luisa Teasdale (CSIRO, Canberra) for help with molecular data analyses. We thank Duane D. McKenna (University of Memphis, U.S.A) for suggestions on this manuscript. We also are grateful to the photographers Paul Zborowski, Jiri Lochman and Glenda Walter who allowed us to use their Prioninae photographs. This study was funded primarily by research grants from the Australian Department of Agriculture and Water Resources and Australian Biological Resources Study (ABRS) to AS, with support from the following grants awarded to HP: National Key Research and Development Plan (2017YFD0201000), and Open Project of the State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol (grant no. 2018-04). NR 92 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0307-6970 EI 1365-3113 J9 SYST ENTOMOL JI Syst. Entomol. DI 10.1111/syen.12424 EA FEB 2020 PG 26 WC Evolutionary Biology; Entomology SC Evolutionary Biology; Entomology GA KI3OM UT WOS:000511258200001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Castelli, LE Gleiser, RM Battan-Horenstein, M AF Castelli, Lucas E. Gleiser, Raquel M. Battan-Horenstein, Moira TI Role of saprophagous fly biodiversity in ecological processes and urban ecosystem services SO ECOLOGICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Biodiversity; ecological processes; flies; urban ecosystem services; urban waste ID DIPTERA; CARRION; SUCCESSION; DECOMPOSITION; DIVERSITY; CALLIPHORIDAE; CALYPTRATAE; PATTERNS; HABITAT; CORDOBA AB 1. Direct consumption of organic matter by the saprophagous larvae provides the ecosystem with a fundamental service by recycling nutrients and reducing exposure to decomposing matter. The present study aimed to assess the functional role of saprophagous flies in the mass loss of different types of decomposing organic matter. 2. Two types of common urban waste were used to measure the role of flies in reducing organic matter: chicken viscera (chicken) and a mixture of flour and uncooked eggs (flour and eggs), representing leftover food. Ten traps baited with each substrate, under field conditions, allowed fly access (exposed to flies) and three traps from each substrate did not (unexposed controls); adult flies entering the traps or emerging from the substrates and substrate mass loss were recorded. 3. Species from Calliphoridae, Sarcophagidae, Muscidae, and Fanniidae families were collected mainly in traps baited with chicken, with Phoridae being the most abundant in traps with flour and eggs as bait. A significantly richer (P < 0.05) assemblage of fly species accessed the traps baited with chicken viscera (21 species) compared with those emerging (11 species), whereas similar numbers of species accessed (n = 5) or emerged (n = 1) from traps baited with flour and eggs (average richness accessing 7.97, emerging 2.83). Chicken substrate mass loss and species richness were positively related (r = 0.56, P = 0.001). In traps where richness was larger than 10 species, the substrates were reduced by more than 85% of their initial weight compared with unexposed controls, which lost 30%. Substrate mass loss significantly increased with the abundance of flies (r = 0.73, P < 0.0001). 4. The results of the present study support the functional role of saprophagous species diversity on the decomposition rates of organic matter, reinforcing the negative consequences of loss or gain of species in modified landscapes and for ecosystem function. C1 [Castelli, Lucas E.; Gleiser, Raquel M.; Battan-Horenstein, Moira] UNC, Fac Ciencias Exactas Fis & Nat, Cordoba, Argentina. [Gleiser, Raquel M.; Battan-Horenstein, Moira] UNC, CONICET, Ctr Relevamiento & Evaluac Recursos Agri & Nat CR, Inst Multidisciplinario Biol Vegetal IMBIV, Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina. RP Gleiser, RM; Battan-Horenstein, M (reprint author), UNC, Fac Ciencias Exactas Fis & Nat, Cordoba, Argentina.; Gleiser, RM; Battan-Horenstein, M (reprint author), UNC, CONICET, Ctr Relevamiento & Evaluac Recursos Agri & Nat CR, Inst Multidisciplinario Biol Vegetal IMBIV, Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina.; Gleiser, RM; Battan-Horenstein, M (reprint author), UNC, CONICET, Fac Ciencias Agropecuarias, Ctr Relevamiento & Evaluac Recursos Agri & Nat,In, Ave Ing Agr Felix A Marrone 693, Cordoba, Argentina. EM raquel.gleiser@unc.edu.ar; moira_battan@yahoo.com.ar FU SeCyT - UNCSecretaria de Ciencia y Tecnologia (SECYT) [PICT 2014-2492] FX The present study was partially supported by grants from SeCyT - UNC and PICT 2014-2492, Argentina. M. Battan-Horenstein and R. M. Gleiser are Career Researchers of CONICET. We acknowledge the editors and two anonymous reviewers for their comments that helped improve an earlier version of the manuscript. NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0307-6946 EI 1365-2311 J9 ECOL ENTOMOL JI Ecol. Entomol. DI 10.1111/een.12849 EA FEB 2020 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA KI3HP UT WOS:000511240100001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU van Velden, JL Wilson, K Lindsey, PA McCallum, H Moyo, BHZ Biggs, D AF van Velden, Julia L. Wilson, Kerrie Lindsey, Peter A. McCallum, Hamish Moyo, Boyson H. Z. Biggs, Duan TI Bushmeat hunting and consumption is a pervasive issue in African savannahs: insights from four protected areas in Malawi SO BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Wild meat; Poaching; Unmatched count technique; Savanna; Conservation; Illegal wildlife trade ID SERENGETI NATIONAL-PARK; LAW-ENFORCEMENT; SENSITIVE QUESTIONS; TROPICAL FORESTS; WILDLIFE; CONSERVATION; TRADE; MANAGEMENT; DRIVERS; SUSTAINABILITY AB The hunting and consumption of wild meat (bushmeat) is recognized as a key threat to the world's biodiversity and there are indications this threat may extend to much of the African continent. However, this problem is understudied in African savannah systems-particularly in southern Africa. Due to its illicit nature, little research on the drivers behind hunting and consumption exists, especially using methods appropriate to the topic's sensitivity. We explored the prevalence of hunting and consumption of wild meat in the low-income country of Malawi, by conducting 1562 interviews in communities neighbouring four different protected areas. We identified characteristics of households illegally hunting and consuming wild meat, using the unmatched count technique and socio-demographic variables in linear models. Consumption had a higher prevalence than hunting, reaching up to 39% of the population, while 4-19% of the population engaged in hunting. Consumption was more prevalent in poorer households, while hunting was more prevalent in wealthier households. Increased involvement in community projects initiated by protected areas did not always lead to reduced consumption or hunting, including at protected areas with substantial outside investment, indicating these projects need a clearer link to conservation outcomes. A preference for the taste of wild meat and for added diversity in diet were key drivers of consumption, whereas hunting was primarily motivated by the need for income. Our results highlight the disparity between drivers of hunting and consumption of wild meat and the pervasive nature of this threat, despite considerable investment into community projects and enforcement. C1 [van Velden, Julia L.; Lindsey, Peter A.; McCallum, Hamish; Biggs, Duan] Griffith Univ, Environm Futures Res Inst, Nathan, Qld 4111, Australia. [Wilson, Kerrie] Queensland Univ Technol, Inst Future Environm, Brisbane, Qld 4000, Australia. [Lindsey, Peter A.] Univ Pretoria, Mammal Res Inst, Dept Zool & Entomol, ZA-0028 Pretoria, South Africa. [Lindsey, Peter A.] Wildlife Conservat Network, 209 Mississippi St, San Francisco, CA 94107 USA. [Moyo, Boyson H. Z.] Lilongwe Univ Agr & Nat Resources, Dept Environm Sci & Management, POB 219, Lilongwe, Malawi. [Biggs, Duan] Stellenbosch Univ, Dept Conservat Ecol & Entomol, Private Bag X1, Stellenbosch, South Africa. [Biggs, Duan] Stellenbosch Univ, Sch Publ Leadership, Ctr Complex Syst Transit, ZA-7600 Stellenbosch, South Africa. [Biggs, Duan] Univ Queensland, Sch Biol Sci, Ctr Biodivers & Conservat Sci, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. [Biggs, Duan] C IUCN, IUCN CEESP SSC Sustainable Use & Livelihoods Spec, Rue Mauverney 28, Gland, Switzerland. RP van Velden, JL (reprint author), Griffith Univ, Environm Futures Res Inst, Nathan, Qld 4111, Australia. EM julia.vanvelden@griffithuni.edu.au FU Griffith UniversityGriffith University; Rufford Foundation; National GeographicNational Geographic Society; Griffith University International Postgraduate Research Scholarship; Australian Research CouncilAustralian Research Council [DE 160101182]; Nyika-Vwaza Trust FX This work was supported by Griffith University, the Nyika-Vwaza Trust, The Rufford Foundation and National Geographic. JVV is supported by a Griffith University International Postgraduate Research Scholarship and DB by an Australian Research Council Discovery Early Career Research Grant (DE 160101182). NR 61 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0960-3115 EI 1572-9710 J9 BIODIVERS CONSERV JI Biodivers. Conserv. DI 10.1007/s10531-020-01944-4 EA FEB 2020 PG 22 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KI0QF UT WOS:000511050000001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Govaert, S Meeussen, C Vanneste, T Bollmann, K Brunet, J Cousins, SAO Diekmann, M Graae, BJ Hedwall, PO Heinken, T Iacopetti, G Lenoir, J Lindmo, S Orczewska, A Perring, MP Ponette, Q Plue, J Selvi, F Spicher, F Tolosano, M Vermeir, P Zellweger, F Verheyen, K Vangansbeke, P De Frenne, P AF Govaert, Sanne Meeussen, Camille Vanneste, Thomas Bollmann, Kurt Brunet, Jorg Cousins, Sara A. O. Diekmann, Martin Graae, Bente J. Hedwall, Per-Ola Heinken, Thilo Iacopetti, Giovanni Lenoir, Jonathan Lindmo, Sigrid Orczewska, Anna Perring, Michael P. Ponette, Quentin Plue, Jan Selvi, Federico Spicher, Fabien Tolosano, Matteo Vermeir, Pieter Zellweger, Florian Verheyen, Kris Vangansbeke, Pieter De Frenne, Pieter TI Edge influence on understorey plant communities depends on forest management SO JOURNAL OF VEGETATION SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Early Access DE edge effects; edge influence; forest specialists; generalists; herbaceous layer; patch contrast; plant biodiversity; species richness; thinning; understorey ID TEMPERATE DECIDUOUS FOREST; HERB-LAYER VEGETATION; SPECIES RICHNESS; HARDWOOD FORESTS; OAK FORESTS; SOIL; WOODLAND; MICROCLIMATE; DIVERSITY; FRAGMENTATION AB Questions Does the influence of forest edges on plant species richness and composition depend on forest management? Do forest specialists and generalists show contrasting patterns? Location Mesic, deciduous forests across Europe. Methods Vegetation surveys were performed in forests with three management types (unthinned, thinned 5-10 years ago and recently thinned) along a macroclimatic gradient from Italy to Norway. In each of 45 forests, we established five vegetation plots along a south-facing edge-to-interior gradient (n = 225). Forest specialist, generalist and total species richness, as well as evenness and proportion of specialists, were tested as a function of the management type and distance to the edge while accounting for several environmental variables (e.g. landscape composition and soil characteristics). Magnitude and distance of edge influence were estimated for species richness per management type. Results Greatest total species richness was found in thinned forests. Edge influence on generalist plant species richness was contingent on the management type, with the smallest decrease in species richness from the edge-to-interior in unthinned forests. In addition, generalist richness increased with the proportion of forests in the surrounding landscape and decreased in forests dominated by tree species that cast more shade. Forest specialist species richness, however, was not affected by management type or distance to the edge, and only increased with pH and increasing proportion of forests in the landscape. Conclusions Forest thinning affects the plant community composition along edge-to-interior transects of European forests, with richness of forest specialists and generalists responding differently. Therefore, future studies should take the forest management into account when interpreting edge-to-interior because both modify the microclimate, soil processes and deposition of polluting aerosols. This interaction is key to predict the effects of global change on forest plants in landscapes characterized by the mosaic of forest patches and agricultural land that is typical for Europe. C1 [Govaert, Sanne; Meeussen, Camille; Vanneste, Thomas; Perring, Michael P.; Tolosano, Matteo; Verheyen, Kris; Vangansbeke, Pieter; De Frenne, Pieter] Univ Ghent, Fac Biosci Engn, Dept Environm, Forest & Nat Lab, Gontrode Melle, Belgium. [Bollmann, Kurt; Zellweger, Florian] Snow & Landscape Res WSL, Swiss Fed Inst Forest, Birmensdorf, Switzerland. [Brunet, Jorg; Hedwall, Per-Ola] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Southern Sweden Res Ctr, Alnarp, Sweden. [Cousins, Sara A. O.; Plue, Jan] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys Geog, Biogeog & Geomat, Stockholm, Sweden. [Diekmann, Martin] Univ Bremen, Inst Ecol, Vegetat Ecol & Conservat Biol, FB2, Bremen, Germany. [Graae, Bente J.] Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Biol, Trondheim, Norway. [Heinken, Thilo; Lindmo, Sigrid] Univ Potsdam, Inst Biochem & Biol, Gen Bot, Potsdam, Germany. [Iacopetti, Giovanni; Selvi, Federico] Univ Florence, Dept Agr Food Environm & Forestry, Florence, Italy. [Lenoir, Jonathan; Spicher, Fabien] Jules Verne Univ Picardie, UR Ecol & Dynam Syst Anthropises EDYSAN, Amiens, France. [Orczewska, Anna] Univ Silesia, Fac Biol & Environm Protect, Katowice, Poland. [Perring, Michael P.] Univ Western Australia, Sch Biol Sci, Crawley, Australia. [Ponette, Quentin] Catholic Univ Louvain, Earth & Life Inst, Louvain La Neuve, Belgium. [Tolosano, Matteo] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Sch Architecture Civil & Environm Engn, Stream Biofilm & Ecosyst Res Lab, Lausanne, Switzerland. [Vermeir, Pieter] Univ Ghent, Fac Biosci Engn, Dept Green Chem & Technol, LCA, Ghent, Belgium. [Zellweger, Florian] Univ Cambridge, Dept Plant Sci, Forest Ecol & Conservat Grp, Cambridge, England. RP Govaert, S (reprint author), Univ Ghent, Fac Biosci Engn, Dept Environm, Forest & Nat Lab, Gontrode Melle, Belgium. EM Sanne.Govaert@UGent.be OI Brunet, Jorg/0000-0003-2667-4575 FU Research Foundation Flanders (FWO)FWO [G0H1517N]; European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programmeEuropean Research Council (ERC) [FORMICA 757833]; ERC Consolidator GrantEuropean Research Council (ERC) [PASTFORWARD 614839]; FWO Scientific research network FLEURFWO FX This work was supported by the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO) (project G0H1517N), and the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (ERC Starting Grant FORMICA 757833) and ERC Consolidator Grant (PASTFORWARD 614839). The FWO Scientific research network FLEUR (www.fleur.ugent.be) also supported this work. NR 68 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1100-9233 EI 1654-1103 J9 J VEG SCI JI J. Veg. Sci. DI 10.1111/jvs.12844 EA FEB 2020 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA KI2ES UT WOS:000511160800001 OA Green Published DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Friant, S Ayambem, WA Alobi, AO Ifebueme, NM Otukpa, OM Ogar, DA Alawa, CBI Goldberg, TL Jacka, JK Rothman, JM AF Friant, Sagan Ayambem, Wilfred A. Alobi, Alobi O. Ifebueme, Nzube M. Otukpa, Oshama M. Ogar, David A. Alawa, Clement B. I. Goldberg, Tony L. Jacka, Jerry K. Rothman, Jessica M. TI Eating Bushmeat Improves Food Security in a Biodiversity and Infectious Disease "Hotspot" SO ECOHEALTH LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Bushmeat; Food security; Nutrition; Ecosystem services; Nigeria; Zoonoses ID BIOKO ISLAND; WILDLIFE CONSUMPTION; ANIMAL PROTEIN; WEST-AFRICA; NUTRITION; CONSERVATION; HEALTH; DEFORESTATION; PREFERENCES; CONTRASTS AB Hunting and consumption of wild animals, colloquially known as "bushmeat," is associated with health trade-offs. Contact with wildlife increases exposure to wildlife-origin zoonotic diseases yet bushmeat is an important nutritional resource in many rural communities. In this study, we test the hypothesis that bushmeat improves food security in communities that hunt and trade bushmeat regularly. We conducted 478 interviews with men and women in six communities near Cross River National Park in Nigeria. We used interview responses to relate prevalence and diversity of bushmeat consumption to household food security status. Animal-based foods were the most commonly obtained items from the forest, and 48 types of wild vertebrate animals were consumed within the past 30 days. Seventy-five percent of households experienced some degree of food insecurity related to food access. Bushmeat consumption was significantly associated with relatively higher household food security status. Rodents were more important predictors of food security than other animal taxa. Despite increased bushmeat consumption in food-secure households, food-insecure households consumed a higher diversity of bushmeat species. Results show that consumption of bushmeat, especially rodents, is uniquely related to improved food security. Reliance on a wider diversity of species in food-insecure households may in turn affect their nutrition, exposures to reservoirs of zoonotic infections, and impact on wildlife conservation. Our results indicate that food security should be addressed in conservation and public health strategies aimed at reducing human-wildlife contact, and that improved wildlife protection, when combined with alternative animal-based foods, would positively affect food security in the long term. C1 [Friant, Sagan] Penn State Univ, Huck Inst Life Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Friant, Sagan] Penn State Univ, Dept Anthropol, 522 Carpenter Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Friant, Sagan; Rothman, Jessica M.] CUNY Hunter Coll, Dept Anthropol, New York, NY 10065 USA. [Ayambem, Wilfred A.; Alobi, Alobi O.; Ifebueme, Nzube M.; Otukpa, Oshama M.; Ogar, David A.] Univ Calabar, Dept Forestry & Wildlife Resources Management, Calabar, Nigeria. [Alawa, Clement B. I.] Univ Abuja, Dept Vet Med, Abuja, Nigeria. [Goldberg, Tony L.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Pathobiol Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Jacka, Jerry K.] Univ Colorado, Dept Anthropol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Friant, S (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Huck Inst Life Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.; Friant, S (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Anthropol, 522 Carpenter Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.; Friant, S (reprint author), CUNY Hunter Coll, Dept Anthropol, New York, NY 10065 USA. EM sagan.friant@psu.edu FU National Science Foundation (SBE) [1604902]; Primate Conservation Inc. (PCI) [1381]; Professional Staff Congress-City University of New York (PSC-CUNY) Research Award Program FX We thank the University of Calabar and our study communities for their support in the field. Specifically, we would like to thank Basil Ayu, Charles Ntui, Caring Ita, and John Mbui for their assistance as liaisons and translators within the communities. We also thank Paschal Oshen, Emelia Loomis, and Bill Rohde for their assistance with translations, logistics and training, and manuscript editing. We are grateful to the National Science Foundation (SBE #1604902), Primate Conservation Inc. (PCI# 1381), and The Professional Staff Congress-City University of New York (PSC-CUNY) Research Award Program, for funding this research. NR 62 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA ONE NEW YORK PLAZA, SUITE 4600, NEW YORK, NY, UNITED STATES SN 1612-9202 EI 1612-9210 J9 ECOHEALTH JI EcoHealth DI 10.1007/s10393-020-01473-0 EA FEB 2020 PG 14 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KI0OD UT WOS:000511044600001 PM 32020354 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Benevenuto, RF Seldal, T Polashock, J Moe, SR Rodriguez-Saona, C Gillespie, MAK Hegland, SJ AF Benevenuto, Rafael Fonseca Seldal, Tarald Polashock, James Moe, Stein R. Rodriguez-Saona, Cesar Gillespie, Mark A. K. Hegland, Stein Joar TI Molecular and ecological plant defense responses along an elevational gradient in a boreal ecosystem SO ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article; Early Access DE climate change; constitutive and induced defenses; gene expression; plant-herbivore interactions; trade-off ID VACCINIUM-MYRTILLUS POPULATIONS; ELEVATED CO2; CHEMICAL DEFENSES; INSECT HERBIVORY; GENE-EXPRESSION; TRADE-OFFS; STRESS; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; BILBERRY; GROWTH AB Plants have the capacity to alter their phenotype in response to environmental factors, such as herbivory, a phenomenon called phenotypic plasticity. However, little is known on how plant responses to herbivory are modulated by environmental variation along ecological gradients. To investigate this question, we used bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) plants and an experimental treatment to induce plant defenses (i.e., application of methyl jasmonate; MeJA), to observe ecological responses and gene expression changes along an elevational gradient in a boreal system in western Norway. The gradient included optimal growing conditions for bilberry in this region (ca. 500 m a.s.l.), and the plant's range limits at high (ca. 900 m a.s.l.) and low (100 m a.s.l.) elevations. Across all altitudinal sites, MeJA-treated plants allocated more resources to herbivory resistance while reducing growth and reproduction than control plants, but this response was more pronounced at the lowest elevation. High-elevation plants growing under less herbivory pressure but more resource-limiting conditions exhibited consistently high expression levels of defense genes in both MeJA-treated and untreated plants at all times, suggesting a constant state of "alert." These results suggest that plant defense responses at both the molecular and ecological levels are modulated by the combination of climate and herbivory pressure, such that plants under different environmental conditions differentially direct the resources available to specific antiherbivore strategies. Our findings are important for understanding the complex impact of future climate changes on plant-herbivore interactions, as this is a major driver of ecosystem functioning and biodiversity. C1 [Benevenuto, Rafael Fonseca; Seldal, Tarald; Gillespie, Mark A. K.; Hegland, Stein Joar] Western Norway Univ Appl Sci, Fac Sci & Engn, Sogndal, Norway. [Benevenuto, Rafael Fonseca; Moe, Stein R.] Norwegian Univ Life Sci, Fac Environm Sci & Nat Resource Management, As, Norway. [Polashock, James] USDA ARS, Genet Improvement Fruits & Vegetables Lab, Philip E Marucci Ctr Blueberry & Cranberry Res, Chatsworth, NJ USA. [Rodriguez-Saona, Cesar] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Philip E Marucci Ctr Blueberry & Cranberry Res, Chatsworth, NJ USA. RP Benevenuto, RF (reprint author), Western Norway Univ Appl Sci, Fac Sci & Engn, Sogndal, Norway. EM rfbenevenuto@gmail.com FU Norwegian Research CouncilResearch Council of Norway [204403/E40]; Norwegian Environment Agency; Hatch ProjectUnited States Department of Agriculture (USDA) [NJ08140] FX This research was financially supported by the Norwegian Research Council (project no. 204403/E40), the Norwegian Environment Agency, and a Hatch Project No. NJ08140 to CR-S. NR 80 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2045-7758 J9 ECOL EVOL JI Ecol. Evol. DI 10.1002/ece3.6074 EA FEB 2020 PG 14 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA KH9MO UT WOS:000510972900001 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Classen, A Eardley, CD Hemp, A Peters, MK Peters, RS Ssymank, A Steffan-Dewenter, I AF Classen, Alice Eardley, Connal D. Hemp, Andreas Peters, Marcell K. Peters, Ralph S. Ssymank, Axel Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf TI Specialization of plant-pollinator interactions increases with temperature at Mt. Kilimanjaro SO ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article; Early Access DE altitudinal gradient; climate change; ecological network; functional traits; generalization; mutualistic interactions; network specialization index (H-2 '); pollination; robustness; specialization ID INTERACTION NETWORKS; COEVOLUTIONARY NETWORKS; MUTUALISTIC NETWORKS; SPECIES INTERACTIONS; FORAGING STRATEGIES; DIET BREADTH; BIODIVERSITY; ARCHITECTURE; GRADIENTS; RICHNESS AB Aim Species differ in their degree of specialization when interacting with other species, with significant consequences for the function and robustness of ecosystems. In order to better estimate such consequences, we need to improve our understanding of the spatial patterns and drivers of specialization in interaction networks. Methods Here, we used the extensive environmental gradient of Mt. Kilimanjaro (Tanzania, East Africa) to study patterns and drivers of specialization, and robustness of plant-pollinator interactions against simulated species extinction with standardized sampling methods. We studied specialization, network robustness and other network indices of 67 quantitative plant-pollinator networks consisting of 268 observational hours and 4,380 plant-pollinator interactions along a 3.4 km elevational gradient. Using path analysis, we tested whether resource availability, pollinator richness, visitation rates, temperature, and/or area explain average specialization in pollinator communities. We further linked pollinator specialization to different pollinator taxa, and species traits, that is, proboscis length, body size, and species elevational ranges. Results We found that specialization decreased with increasing elevation at different levels of biological organization. Among all variables, mean annual temperature was the best predictor of average specialization in pollinator communities. Specialization differed between pollinator taxa, but was not related to pollinator traits. Network robustness against simulated species extinctions of both plants and pollinators was lowest in the most specialized interaction networks, that is, in the lowlands. Conclusions Our study uncovers patterns in plant-pollinator specialization along elevational gradients. Mean annual temperature was closely linked to pollinator specialization. Energetic constraints, caused by short activity timeframes in cold highlands, may force ectothermic species to broaden their dietary spectrum. Alternatively or in addition, accelerated evolutionary rates might facilitate the establishment of specialization under warm climates. Despite the mechanisms behind the patterns have yet to be fully resolved, our data suggest that temperature shifts in the course of climate change may destabilize pollination networks by affecting network architecture. C1 [Classen, Alice; Peters, Marcell K.; Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf] Univ Wurzburg, Dept Anim Ecol & Trop Biol, Bioctr, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany. [Eardley, Connal D.] North West Univ, Unit Environm Sci & Management, Potchefstroom, South Africa. [Hemp, Andreas] Univ Bayreuth, Dept Plant Systemat, Bayreuth, Germany. [Peters, Ralph S.] Zool Res Museum Alexander Koenig, Dept Arthropoda, Bonn, Germany. [Ssymank, Axel] Bundesamt Nat Schutz, Bonn, Germany. RP Classen, A (reprint author), Univ Wurzburg, Dept Anim Ecol & Trop Biol, Bioctr, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany. EM alice.classen@uni-wuerzburg.de OI Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf/0000-0003-1359-3944 FU COSTECH [2010-365-NA-96-44, 2011-345-ER-96-44]; TANAPA [TNP/HQ/C.10/13]; German Research Foundation (DFG)German Research Foundation (DFG) FX COSTECH, Grant/Award Number: 2010-365-NA-96-44 and 2011-345-ER-96-44; TANAPA, Grant/Award Number: TNP/HQ/C.10/13; German Research Foundation (DFG) NR 83 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2045-7758 J9 ECOL EVOL JI Ecol. Evol. DI 10.1002/ece3.6056 EA FEB 2020 PG 14 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA KH9UA UT WOS:000510992300001 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Xu, MZ Yang, LH Kong, HH Wen, F Kang, M AF Xu, Mei-Zhen Yang, Li-Hua Kong, Hang-Hui Wen, Fang Kang, Ming TI Congruent spatial patterns of species richness and phylogenetic diversity in karst flora: Case study of Primulina (Gesnariaceae) SO JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article; Early Access DE CANAPE; conservation; endemism; hotspot; karst; phylogenetic diversity; Primulina; species richness ID EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY; FUNCTIONAL DIVERSITY; CONSERVATION GAPS; GLOBAL PATTERNS; SOUTHERN CHINA; PLANT ENDEMISM; BIODIVERSITY; PRIORITIES; CLIMATE; AREAS AB The karst landform in southern China is renowned for its high levels of species diversity and endemism. Globally, karst ecosystems are under threat from unsustainable anthropogenic disturbance and climate changes and are among the most threatened ecosystems worldwide. In this study, we used the typical karst endemic genus in southern China, Primulina Hance, as a model to identify areas within the karst landform with high diversity and to investigate congruence between phylogenetic and species-based measures of diversity. Using phylogenetic information and species distribution data, we measured geographical patterns of diversity with four metrics: species richness (SR), corrected weighted endemism (CWE), phylogenetic diversity (PD), and phylogenetic endemism (PE). Our results revealed a high spatial congruence among SR, PD, and PE, with hotspot areas identified in the Nanling Mountains (i.e., north Guangdong and northeast Guangxi) and southeast Yungui Plateau (i.e., north and southwest Guangxi), whereas the hotspots of CWE are comparatively uniform throughout the geographic extent. The categorical analysis of neo- and paleoendemism identified a pattern of mixed neo- and paleoendemism in numerous grid cells, suggesting that karst areas in southern China have acted as both "museums" and "cradles" of plant evolution. Conservation gap analysis of hotspots revealed that the majority of prioritized hotspots (>90%) of the genus are outside of protected areas, therefore indicating the limited effectiveness of national nature reserves for the karst flora. Overall, our results suggest that the karst flora merits more conservation attention and SR can be an effective surrogate to capture PD in conservation planning. C1 [Xu, Mei-Zhen; Yang, Li-Hua; Kong, Hang-Hui; Kang, Ming] Chinese Acad Sci, South China Bot Garden, Key Lab Plant Resources Conservat & Sustainable U, Guangzhou 510650, Peoples R China. [Xu, Mei-Zhen] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Coll Life Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China. [Yang, Li-Hua; Kong, Hang-Hui; Kang, Ming] Chinese Acad Sci, Core Bot Gardens, Ctr Conservat Biol, Guangzhou 510650, Peoples R China. [Wen, Fang] Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Reg, Guangxi Inst Bot, Gesneriad Conservat Ctr China, Guilin 541006, Peoples R China. [Wen, Fang] Chinese Acad Sci, Guilin 541006, Peoples R China. RP Kang, M (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, South China Bot Garden, Key Lab Plant Resources Conservat & Sustainable U, Guangzhou 510650, Peoples R China.; Kang, M (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Core Bot Gardens, Ctr Conservat Biol, Guangzhou 510650, Peoples R China. EM mingkang@scbg.ac.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of China-Guangdong Natural Science Foundation [U1501211]; Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences [XDB31010000] FX This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China-Guangdong Natural Science Foundation Joint Project (U1501211) and the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDB31010000). We thank AJ Harris for her critical reading and correction of English of the manuscript. NR 90 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1674-4918 EI 1759-6831 J9 J SYST EVOL JI J. Syst. Evol. DI 10.1111/jse.12558 EA FEB 2020 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA KH9ZR UT WOS:000511007000001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Lipoma, ML Fortunato, V Enrico, L Diaz, S AF Lipoma, Maria Lucrecia Fortunato, Valentina Enrico, Lucas Diaz, Sandra TI Where does the forest come back from? Soil and litter seed banks and the juvenile bank as sources of vegetation resilience in a semiarid Neotropical forest SO JOURNAL OF VEGETATION SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Early Access DE juvenile plant bank; land use; litter seed bank; semiarid Chaco; soil seed bank; sources of resilience ID PLANT FUNCTIONAL TRAITS; TROPICAL DRY-FOREST; ARID CHACO; ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION; STANDING VEGETATION; REGENERATION; DISPERSAL; PATTERNS; COMMUNITIES; GRASSLANDS AB Questions: The existence of reservoirs from which dominant plants recruit after disturbances is a key factor in ecosystem resilience. With this in mind, we ask the following qestion: where do woody species regenerate from in the semiarid Neotropical Chaco forest? Is land use affecting the floristic composition of biodiversity reservoirs? Are the soil and litter seed banks and the juvenile bank potential sources of resilience of these forests in the face of different land-use regimes? Location: Chancani, Northwestern Cordoba, Argentina. Methods: We selected four ecosystem types subjected to increasing long-term land-use intensity: primary forest (no land use in the last 50 years), secondary forest (low land-use intensity), closed species-rich shrubland (moderate land-use intensity), and open shrubland (high land-use intensity). We monitored four sites per ecosystem type where we recorded adults, saplings and seedlings of all woody species. We collected litter and soil samples that were processed in the laboratory for taxonomic identification and germination of seeds. We compared the floristic composition of the soil and litter banks, as well as of the juvenile bank ("biodiversity reservoirs") with that of established vegetation of the primary forest, considered as the reference ecosystem. We also compared the established vegetation from sites under land use with that of the primary forest. Results: Woody species were scarcely represented in the soil, but very well represented in the litter and the juvenile banks from different ecosystem types. These two reservoirs showed high similarity with the established vegetation of the primary forest. However, as land-use intensity increased, similarity between the reservoirs and the established vegetation of the primary forest decreased. Conclusion: Litter and juvenile banks, but not the soil bank, are the main reservoirs for the recruitment of new individuals of woody species in the Chaco forest. However, the ability of these reservoirs to act as sources of resilience decreases as land use intensifies. C1 [Lipoma, Maria Lucrecia; Enrico, Lucas; Diaz, Sandra] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, Inst Multidisciplinario Biol Vegetal IMBIV, Casilla Correo 495, RA-5000 Cordoba, Argentina. [Lipoma, Maria Lucrecia; Fortunato, Valentina; Enrico, Lucas; Diaz, Sandra] Univ Nacl Cordoba, FCEFyN, Casilla Correo 495, RA-5000 Cordoba, Argentina. RP Lipoma, ML (reprint author), Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, Inst Multidisciplinario Biol Vegetal IMBIV, Casilla Correo 495, RA-5000 Cordoba, Argentina.; Lipoma, ML (reprint author), Univ Nacl Cordoba, FCEFyN, Casilla Correo 495, RA-5000 Cordoba, Argentina. EM lucrecialipoma@gmail.com FU FONCyTFONCyT; CONICETConsejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET) [PIP 11220130100103]; SECyT-Universidad Nacional de CordobaSecretaria de Ciencia y Tecnologia (SECYT) [33620180100767CB, PRIMAR Res 248/18]; Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI) [SGP-HW 090]; Newton Fund, UK FX This study was supported by FONCyT, CONICET (PIP 11220130100103), SECyT-Universidad Nacional de Cordoba (33620180100767CB and PRIMAR Res 248/18), the Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI) SGP-HW 090, and the Newton Fund, UK. NR 82 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1100-9233 EI 1654-1103 J9 J VEG SCI JI J. Veg. Sci. DI 10.1111/jvs.12842 EA FEB 2020 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA KH9HG UT WOS:000510959100001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Savazzini, F Del Duca, S Vegro, M Cipriani, F Ricci, G Botton, A Pasini, G Dondini, L Tartarini, S AF Savazzini, Federica Del Duca, Stefano Vegro, Mara Cipriani, Francesca Ricci, Giampaolo Botton, Alessandro Pasini, Gabriella Dondini, Luca Tartarini, Stefano TI Immunological characterization of recombinant Mal d 1, the main allergen from apple (Malus x domestica L. Borkh) SO SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE LA English DT Article DE Malus domestica; Apple allergy; Mal d 1; Oral allergy syndrome; Allergens biodiversity ID BET V 1; POLLEN-RELATED FOOD; BIRCH POLLEN; HETEROLOGOUS EXPRESSION; CROSS-REACTIVITY; MAJOR ALLERGENS; IGE; BET-V-1; EPITOPES; CLONING AB Apple-related allergy is increasing among European population. Avoidance of apple fruit consumption is the only strategy for sensitized people, with a subsequent shortage of healthy nutrients in the diet. Four different protein families, Mal d 1 to 4, determine the allergy to apple causing syndromes known as oral allergy syndrome (OAS) or gastro-intestinal/generalized syndrome (GS) in sensitized patients. With the aim to highlight the dissimilarities in the immunological response inside the Mal d 1 family, recognized as main determinant for OAS, single purified allergens were tested against sera of paediatric and adult patients suffering for both syndromes. Here, we found that Mal d 1 isoallergens showed a remarkable different allergenicity potential, thus indicating an individual pattern in each patient and a diverse sensitization between age groups. Moreover, two different allergens, Mald 2.01 and Mal d 4.01, were analyzed with the above sera. In addition to patients and allergens variability, differences in amount and localization of the allergens, detected by patient's sera, were revealed among hypo- and hyper allergenic apple varieties, confirming the complexity of this food allergy. C1 [Savazzini, Federica; Dondini, Luca; Tartarini, Stefano] Univ Bologna, Dept Agr & Food Sci, Viale Fanin 46, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. [Vegro, Mara; Botton, Alessandro; Pasini, Gabriella] Univ Padua, Dept Agron Food Nat Resources Anim & Environm DAF, Viale Univ 16, Padua, Italy. [Cipriani, Francesca; Ricci, Giampaolo] Univ Bologna, Dept Med & Surg Sci, Pediat Unit, Via Massarenti 11, Bologna, Italy. [Del Duca, Stefano] Univ Bologna, Dept Biol Geol & Environm Sci, Via Irnerio 42, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. RP Del Duca, S (reprint author), Univ Bologna, Dept Biol Geol & Environm Sci, Via Irnerio 42, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. EM stefano.delduca@unibo.it OI Del Duca, Stefano/0000-0002-5981-520X FU Agroalimentare research AGER project grant - Apple fruit quality in the post-genornic era, from breeding new genotypes to post-harvest: nutrition and health, Italy [2010-2119] FX The work was funded by the Agroalimentare research AGER project grant - Apple fruit quality in the post-genornic era, from breeding new genotypes to post-harvest: nutrition and health, Italy (grant no. 2010-2119). NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4238 EI 1879-1018 J9 SCI HORTIC-AMSTERDAM JI Sci. Hortic. PD FEB 5 PY 2020 VL 261 AR 108926 DI 10.1016/j.scienta.2019.108926 PG 11 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA KH3FO UT WOS:000510532100025 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Hood, ASC Pashkevich, MD Dahlsjo, CAL Advento, AD Aryawan, AAK Caliman, JP Naim, M Head, JJ Turner, EC AF Hood, Amelia S. C. Pashkevich, Michael D. Dahlsjo, Cecilia A. L. Advento, Andreas D. Aryawan, Anak Agung Ketut Caliman, Jean-Pierre Naim, Mohammad Head, Jason J. Turner, Edgar C. TI Termite mounds house a diversity of taxa in oil palm plantations irrespective of understory management SO BIOTROPICA LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Elaeis guineensis; habitat heterogeneity; herbicide; Indonesia; Macrotermes gilvus; Macrotermitinae; termitaria; termitophile ID HABITAT HETEROGENEITY; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; BIODIVERSITY; FOREST; HERPETOFAUNA; MITIGATE; SAVANNA; ANT AB We investigated the effects of oil palm understory vegetation management on termite mound activity and non-termite inhabitants. We found a diversity of taxa, most of which were unaffected by understory management. Mound volume and termite activity had taxa-specific effects on abundance. Preserving mounds in oil palm plantations will benefit biodiversity. in Indonesian is available with online material. C1 [Hood, Amelia S. C.; Pashkevich, Michael D.; Head, Jason J.; Turner, Edgar C.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Zool, Downing St, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, England. [Dahlsjo, Cecilia A. L.] Univ Oxford, Sch Geog & Environm, Oxford, England. [Advento, Andreas D.; Aryawan, Anak Agung Ketut; Caliman, Jean-Pierre; Naim, Mohammad] Sinar Mas Agro Resources Technol Res Inst SMARTRI, Riau, Indonesia. RP Hood, ASC (reprint author), Univ Cambridge, Dept Zool, Downing St, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, England. EM amelia.hood3@gmail.com OI Dahlsjo, Cecilia/0000-0003-3795-1523 FU Department of Zoology, University of CambridgeUniversity of Cambridge; Isaac Newton Fund; Gates Cambridge Trust; SMARTRI FX Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge; Isaac Newton Fund; SMARTRI; Gates Cambridge Trust NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0006-3606 EI 1744-7429 J9 BIOTROPICA JI Biotropica DI 10.1111/btp.12754 EA FEB 2020 PG 6 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KH9LB UT WOS:000510969000001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Leclerc, C Villeger, S Marino, C Bellard, C AF Leclerc, Camille Villeger, Sebastien Marino, Clara Bellard, Celine TI Global changes threaten functional and taxonomic diversity of insular species worldwide SO DIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTIONS LA English DT Article; Early Access DE birds; functional originality; functional richness; functional specialization; islands; mammals; species traits; vulnerability ID EXTINCTION RISK; CONSERVATION; BIODIVERSITY; TRAIT; DIMENSIONS; REDUNDANCY AB Aim The assessment of biodiversity patterns under global changes is currently biased towards taxonomic diversity, thus overlooking the ecological and functional aspects of species. Here, we characterized both taxonomic and functional diversity of insular biodiversity threatened by multiple threats. Location Worldwide islands (n = 4,348). Methods We analysed the relative importance of eleven major threats, including biological invasions or climate change, on 2,756 insular endemic mammals and birds. Species were functionally described using five ecological traits related to diet, habitat and body mass. We computed complementary taxonomic and functional diversity indices (richness, specialization, originality and vulnerability) of species pools affected by each threatening process to investigate relationships between diversity dimensions and threats. We also determined whether species-specific traits are associated with specific threats. Results On average, 8% of insular endemic species at risk of extinction are impacted by threats, while 20% of their functional richness is affected. However, a marked disparity in functional richness values associated with each threat can be highlighted. In particular, cultivation and wildlife exploitation are the greatest threats to insular endemic species. Moreover, each threat may contribute to the loss of at least 10% of functional diversity, because it affects threatened species that support unique and extreme functions. Finally, we found complex patterns of species-specific traits associated with particular threats that is not explain by the threatening processes (directly affecting survival or modifying habitat). For instance, cultivation threatens very large mammals, while urbanization threatens very small mammals. Main conclusions These findings reinforce the importance of exploring the vulnerability of biodiversity facets in the face of multiple threats. Anthropogenic pressures may result in a loss of unique functions within insular ecosystems, which provides important insights into the understanding of threatening processes at a global scale. C1 [Leclerc, Camille; Marino, Clara; Bellard, Celine] Univ Paris Saclay, Ecol Systemat Evolut, CNRS, AgroParisTech, F-91405 Orsay, France. [Villeger, Sebastien] Univ Montpellier, MARBEC, CNRS, IFREMER,IRD, Montpellier, France. [Marino, Clara] Univ PSL, Dept Biol, Ecole Normale Super, Paris, France. [Bellard, Celine] Univ Antilles, Univ Caen Normandie,CNRS, UMR 7208,Museum Natl Hist Nat,Sorbonne Univ, Unite Biol Organismes & Ecosyst Aquat BOREA,IRD, Paris, France. RP Leclerc, C (reprint author), Univ Paris Saclay, Ecol Systemat Evolut, CNRS, AgroParisTech, F-91405 Orsay, France. EM camille.leclerc@u-psud.fr FU Agence Nationale de la RechercheFrench National Research Agency (ANR) [14-CE02-0021-01]; Fondation BNP Paribas FX Agence Nationale de la Recherche, Grant/Award Number: 14-CE02-0021-01; Fondation BNP Paribas NR 61 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1366-9516 EI 1472-4642 J9 DIVERS DISTRIB JI Divers. Distrib. DI 10.1111/ddi.13024 EA FEB 2020 PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KI0FM UT WOS:000511022100001 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Jensen, DA Ma, KP Svenning, JC AF Jensen, Ditte Arp Ma, Keping Svenning, Jens-Christian TI Steep topography buffers threatened gymnosperm species against anthropogenic pressures in China SO ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article; Early Access DE anthropocene; China; gymnosperms; human population; species distributions; topography ID SNUB-NOSED MONKEYS; LAND-USE CHANGE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; DISTRIBUTION MODELS; PHYLOGENETIC STRUCTURE; LOESS PLATEAU; FOREST COVER; REFORESTATION; CONSERVATION; BIODIVERSITY AB China is one of the most species-rich countries in the world, harboring many rare gymnosperms. Following recent human-led loss of forests, China is now experiencing increases in forest cover resulting from efforts of reforestation schemes. As anthropogenic activities have previously been found to interact with topography in shaping forest cover in China and considering the large human population and the ongoing population increase of the country, it is important to understand the role of anthropogenic pressures relative to environmental drivers for shaping species distributions here. Based on the well-established relationship between human population density and topography, we propose a hypothesis for explaining species distributions in a country dominated by human activities, predicting that species are more likely to occur in areas of steep topography under medium human population densities compared to low and high human population densities. Using species occurrence data from the Chinese Vascular Plant Distribution Database along with a common SDM method (maximum entropy modeling), we tested this hypothesis. Our results show that steep topography has the highest importance for predicting Chinese gymnosperm species occurrences in general, and threatened species specifically, in areas of medium human population densities. Consequently, these species are more often found in areas of steep terrain, supporting the proposed hypothesis. Results from this study highlight the need to include topographically heterogeneous habitats when planning new protected areas for species conservation. C1 [Jensen, Ditte Arp; Svenning, Jens-Christian] Aarhus Univ, Dept Biosci, Ctr Biodivers Dynam Changing World BIOCHANGE, Ny Munkegade 116, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. [Jensen, Ditte Arp; Svenning, Jens-Christian] Aarhus Univ, Dept Biosci, Sect Ecoinformat & Biodivers, Aarhus C, Denmark. [Jensen, Ditte Arp] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Water & Environm Programme, Sino Danish Ctr Educ & Res SDC, Eastern Yanqihu Campus, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Ma, Keping] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Bot, State Key Lab Vegetat & Environm Change, Beijing, Peoples R China. RP Jensen, DA (reprint author), Aarhus Univ, Dept Biosci, Ctr Biodivers Dynam Changing World BIOCHANGE, Ny Munkegade 116, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. EM dittearp@bios.au.dk FU Det Frie ForskningsradDet Frie Forskningsrad (DFF) [6108-00078B]; Villum Fonden [16549] FX Det Frie Forskningsrad, Grant/Award Number: 6108-00078B; Villum Fonden, Grant/Award Number: 16549 NR 76 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2045-7758 J9 ECOL EVOL JI Ecol. Evol. DI 10.1002/ece3.5983 EA FEB 2020 PG 18 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA KI0IG UT WOS:000511029300001 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU De Wit, P Jonsson, PR Pereyra, RT Panova, M Andre, C Johannesson, K AF De Wit, Pierre Jonsson, Per R. Pereyra, Ricardo T. Panova, Marina Andre, Carl Johannesson, Kerstin TI Spatial genetic structure in a crustacean herbivore highlights the need for local considerations in Baltic Sea biodiversity management SO EVOLUTIONARY APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Baltic Sea; connectivity; Idotea balthica; marine protected areas; seascape genetics ID POPULATION-STRUCTURE; SEASCAPE GENETICS; OCEANOGRAPHIC CONNECTIVITY; GENUS IDOTEA; GENOME SCANS; ADAPTATION; DISPERSAL; CONSERVATION; SALINITY; VELOCITY AB Incorporating species' eco-evolutionary responses to human-caused disturbances remains a challenge in marine management efforts. A prerequisite is knowledge of geographic structure and scale of genetic diversity and connectivity-the so-called seascape genetic patterns. The Baltic Sea is an excellent model system for studies linking seascape genetics with effects of anthropogenic stress. However, seascape genetic patterns in this area are only described for a few species and are completely unknown for invertebrate herbivores, which constitute a critical part of the ecosystem. This information is crucial for sustainable management, particularly under future scenarios of rapid environmental change. Here, we investigate the population genetic structure among 31 locations throughout the Baltic Sea, of which 45% were located in marine protected areas, in one of the most important herbivores of this region, the isopod crustacean Idotea balthica, using an array of 33,774 genome-wide SNP markers derived from 2b-RAD sequencing. In addition, we generate a biophysical connectivity matrix for I. balthica from a combination of oceanographic current models and estimated life history traits. We find population structure on scales of hundreds of kilometers across the Baltic Sea, where genomic patterns in most cases closely match biophysical connectivity, indicating passive transport with oceanographic currents as an important mean of dispersal in this species. We also find a reduced genetic diversity in terms of heterozygosity along the main salinity gradient of the Baltic Sea, suggesting periods of low population size. Our results provide crucial information for the management of a key ecosystem species under expected changes in temperature and salinity following global climate change in a marine coastal area. C1 [De Wit, Pierre; Jonsson, Per R.; Pereyra, Ricardo T.; Panova, Marina; Andre, Carl; Johannesson, Kerstin] Univ Gothenburg, Dept Marine Sci, Tjarno, Sweden. [Jonsson, Per R.] Abo Akad Univ, Environm & Marine Biol, Turku, Finland. RP De Wit, P (reprint author), Univ Gothenburg, Dept Marine Sci, Tjarno, Sweden. EM pierre.de_wit@marine.gu.se OI Johannesson, Kerstin/0000-0003-0176-7986; Jonsson, Per/0000-0002-1793-5473 FU Swedish Research Council FORMASSwedish Research CouncilSwedish Research Council Formas; EUEuropean Union (EU) FX EU and the Swedish Research Council FORMAS NR 76 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1752-4571 J9 EVOL APPL JI Evol. Appl. DI 10.1111/eva.12914 EA FEB 2020 PG 17 WC Evolutionary Biology SC Evolutionary Biology GA KI0EX UT WOS:000511020600001 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Zhu, PY Zheng, XS Xie, G Chen, GH Lu, ZX Gurr, G AF Zhu, Pingyang Zheng, Xusong Xie, Gang Chen, Guihua Lu, Zhongxian Gurr, Geoff TI Relevance of the ecological traits of parasitoid wasps and nectariferous plants for conservation biological control: a hybrid meta-analysis SO PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Early Access DE agroecology; trait-based analysis; Bayesian network analysis; flower; parasitoid wasp; longevity ID FUNCTIONAL TRAITS; NATURAL ENEMIES; HERBIVORES; PEST; INTENSIFICATION; BIODIVERSITY; SERVICES; SUPPRESSION; ABUNDANCE; RESPONSES AB BACKGROUND Ecosystem services are key to human survival. In agriculture, they offer potential to intensify production while reducing reliance on hazardous inputs, including pesticides. Nectar plants can nourish natural enemies of pests and thereby promote the ecosystem service of biological control. To date, however, the selection of optimal plants has been reliant on laborious testing of multiple candidate species for use in each new agroecosystem. We report a hybrid meta-analysis of published literature, employing Bayesian network analysis. RESULTS The hybrid meta-analysis identified the particular plant and parasitoid traits that were most predictive of promoted or suppressed parasitoid longevity. Integrating trait effects identified a combination of plant-parasitoid traits that had the highest impact on parasitoid longevity: compound umbel or raceme inflorescence form and shallow corolla, together with high potential fecundity of the parasitoid. CONCLUSION Unlike earlier analyses focusing on taxonomic categories, we analyzed effect sizes in relation to the ecological traits of parasitoids and plants. This generated the first generalizable guidelines for selecting nectar plants as well as appropriate parasitoid targets for the enhancement of biological control. Within the guidelines, optimal outcomes resulted when plants with compound umbel or raceme inflorescences and shallow corollas were combined with fecund parasitoids. More widely, this type of ecological trait-based meta-analysis opens a new avenue for optimizing the delivery of other types of ecosystem services. (c) 2019 Society of Chemical Industry C1 [Zhu, Pingyang; Zheng, Xusong; Lu, Zhongxian] Zhejiang Acad Agr Sci, Key Lab Qual & Safety Agroprod, Inst Plant Protect & Microbiol, Hangzhou 310021, Peoples R China. [Zhu, Pingyang; Gurr, Geoff] Charles Sturt Univ, Sch Agr & Wine Sci, Orange, NSW 2800, Australia. [Zhu, Pingyang; Chen, Guihua] Jinhua Plant Protect Stn, Jinhua, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Xie, Gang] Charles Sturt Univ, Res Off, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia. RP Lu, ZX (reprint author), Zhejiang Acad Agr Sci, Key Lab Qual & Safety Agroprod, Inst Plant Protect & Microbiol, Hangzhou 310021, Peoples R China.; Gurr, G (reprint author), Charles Sturt Univ, Sch Agr & Wine Sci, Orange, NSW 2800, Australia. EM luzxmh@163.com; ggurr@csu.edu.au FU Charles Sturt University Postgraduate Research Scholarship (CSUPRS); National Key Research & Development Plan of China [2016YFD0200800]; China Agriculture Research System [CARS-01-36]; State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest Control [2010DS700124-KF1809] FX We are grateful to Wayne Robinson for useful early discussion about analysis, Cong Dang and Shuang Zhang for valuable discussion and feedback on the meta-analysis. We are grateful to Anne C. Johnson and Anantanarayanan Raman for editing and revising the manuscript. This work was funded by a Charles Sturt University Postgraduate Research Scholarship (CSUPRS), the National Key Research & Development Plan of China (Grant No. 2016YFD0200800), the China Agriculture Research System (CARS-01-36), and the State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest Control (Grant No. 2010DS700124-KF1809). NR 64 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 1526-498X EI 1526-4998 J9 PEST MANAG SCI JI Pest Manag. Sci. DI 10.1002/ps.5719 EA FEB 2020 PG 12 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA KH9XM UT WOS:000511001300001 PM 31840379 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Czarny, J Staninska-Pieta, J Piotrowska-Cyplik, A Juzwa, W Wolniewicz, A Marecik, R Lawniczak, L Chrzanowski, L AF Czarny, J. Staninska-Pieta, J. Piotrowska-Cyplik, A. Juzwa, W. Wolniewicz, A. Marecik, R. Lawniczak, L. Chrzanowski, L. TI Acinetobacter sp. as the key player in diesel oil degrading community exposed to PAHs and heavy metals SO JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Bioremediation; Flow cytometry; Gammaproteobacteria; Hydrocarbons; MiSeq illumina ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; LONG-TERM HYDROCARBON; CONTAMINATED SOILS; PETROLEUM-HYDROCARBONS; BACTERIAL COMMUNITIES; MICROBIAL ACTIVITY; CO-CONTAMINATION; BIODEGRADATION; IMPACT; DIVERSITY AB ` The aim of this study was to verify the hypothesis that a hydrocarbon degrading community isolated from a site heavily polluted with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and heavy metals should exhibit a high activity and biodegradation efficiency, despite decreased biodiversity resulting from the presence of such contaminants. Microbial community isolated from soil collected at an abandoned creosote railway wood-sleepers impregnation plant using diesel oil was used during the studies. Four parallel systems spiked with diesel oil, diesel oil + PAHs, diesel oil + heavy metals and diesel oil + PAHs + heavy metals were analysed in terms of relative abundance and biodiversity of the microbial community (Illumina), biodegradation efficiency (GC MS) and cellular metabolic activity (flow cytometry). Principal Component Analysis and biodiversity parameters indicated that the mixture of PAHs and heavy metals was the dominant factor which resulted in the enrichment of the Gammaproteobacteria class. This was associated with higher degradation of additional PAHs in the presence of heavy metals and an increase of metabolically active sub-populations during flow cytometry analysis. The increased abundance of the Acinetobacter genus in systems with both PAHs and heavy metals implies that it may play a crucial role in soil populations exposed to mixed contaminations. C1 [Czarny, J.] Inst Forens Genet, Bydgoszcz, Poland. [Staninska-Pieta, J.; Piotrowska-Cyplik, A.] Poznan Univ Life Sci, Inst Food Technol Plant Origin, Poznan, Poland. [Juzwa, W.; Wolniewicz, A.; Marecik, R.] Poznan Univ Life Sci, Dept Biotechnol & Food Microbiol, Poznan, Poland. [Wolniewicz, A.] PROTE Technol Our Environm Ltd, Poznan, Poland. [Lawniczak, L.; Chrzanowski, L.] Poznan Univ Tech, Fac Chem Technol, Poznan, Poland. RP Marecik, R (reprint author), Poznan Univ Life Sci, Dept Biotechnol & Food Microbiol, Poznan, Poland. EM romarc@up.poznan.pl OI Chrzanowski, Lukasz/0000-0002-2171-4913; Juzwa, Wojciech/0000-0002-9477-8563 FU National Science Centre in Poland [2013/11/B/NZ9/01908] FX The research work was funded by the National Science Centre in Poland in the years 2014-2018 with the research project Opus no 2013/11/B/NZ9/01908. NR 67 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 62 U2 62 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3894 EI 1873-3336 J9 J HAZARD MATER JI J. Hazard. Mater. PD FEB 5 PY 2020 VL 383 AR 121168 DI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121168 PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA JW2KZ UT WOS:000502887900065 PM 31541964 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU da Silva, ICB Marques, ACR Quadros, FF Sans, GA Soares, VM De Conti, L Ceretta, CA Ferreira, PAA Toselli, M Brunetto, G AF da Silva, Isley Cristiellem Bicalho Marques, Anderson Cesar Ramos Quadros, Fernando Ferreira Sans, Gabriel Alberto Soares, Vanessa Marques De Conti, Lessandro Ceretta, Carlos Alberto Ferreira, Paulo Ademar Avelar Toselli, Moreno Brunetto, Gustavo TI Spatial variation of herbaceous cover species community in Cu-contaminated vineyards in Pampa biome SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Biodiversity; Floristic composition; Invasiveness; Heavy metals ID COPPER ACCUMULATION; HEAVY-METALS; PLANTS; SOIL; TOLERANCE; CALCIUM; AVAILABILITY; DIVERSITY; POLLUTION; SMELTER AB Study's objective was to evaluate spatial variability of herbaceous cover species community in vineyards cultivated in soil with increasing Cu levels in Pampa biome. Three vineyards, with increasing soil Cu available contents and a natural field area (NF), were selected. In each experimental area, soil Cu content, botanical composition, cumulative aerial biomass, and aerial part Cu concentration, in most frequent species, were evaluated. In total, 39 vascular plant species were identified, including four exotic species. Biodiversity indicators did not significantly correlate with soil Cu. However, botanical composition variation could be observed. In NF, Poaceae and Asteraceae families presented greater dry mass contribution, while this contribution decreased in higher soil Cu concentration areas. The Cu concentration and accumulation in plant aerial part were higher in older vineyards, as plant aerial part accumulated, in average, 13.8 mg Cu m(-2). Among species found in experimental fields, Ageratum conyzoides, a species known to form Cu-tolerant populations, occurred in most areas, especially in vineyards, presenting higher aerial Cu concentrations, with a mean of 126.47 mg kg(-1). Soil enrichment with Cu did not alter the vegetation's biodiversity, but may have contributed to the botanical composition modification. The native species, P. plicatulum and A. conyzoides, presented a high bio-accumulation factor and are potential candidates for phytoremediation techniques. C1 [da Silva, Isley Cristiellem Bicalho; Marques, Anderson Cesar Ramos; Quadros, Fernando Ferreira; Sans, Gabriel Alberto; Soares, Vanessa Marques; Ceretta, Carlos Alberto; Ferreira, Paulo Ademar Avelar; Brunetto, Gustavo] Univ Fed Santa Maria, Dept Soil Sci, BR-97105900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. [De Conti, Lessandro] Farroupilha Fed Inst, Santo Augusto, RS, Brazil. [Toselli, Moreno] Bologna Univ, Bologna, Italy. RP da Silva, ICB (reprint author), Univ Fed Santa Maria, Dept Soil Sci, BR-97105900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. EM isleybicalho@yahoo.com.br FU Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (Foundation for Research Support of the State of Rio Grande do Sul) FAPERGS [17/25510000925-8]; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development)-CNPqNational Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) [408318/2018] FX We are grateful to Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (Foundation for Research Support of the State of Rio Grande do Sul) FAPERGS (process number 17/25510000925-8) and the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development)-CNPq (process number 408318/2018). NR 58 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 0944-1344 EI 1614-7499 J9 ENVIRON SCI POLLUT R JI Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. DI 10.1007/s11356-020-07851-z EA FEB 2020 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KI1KM UT WOS:000511105900010 PM 32020452 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Alvarado, G Garcia, M Jauregui, D Alvarado, H Zambrano, F AF Alvarado, Gelvis Garcia, Marina Jauregui, Damelis Alvarado, Hipolito Zambrano, Freddy TI Leaf anatomy of six arboreal eudicotyledons species growing along an altitudinal gradient on the high basin of the Tocuyo river, Venezuela SO BIOLOGIA LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Foliar structure; Heliomorphic characteristics; Phenotypic plasticity; Riparian forests ID ELEVATION-GRADIENT; WATER-STRESS; PLASTICITY; ADAPTATIONS; MORPHOLOGY; EVERGREEN; EXPOSURE; TRAITS; FOREST; LEAVES AB Riparian forests are known to be critical environments for biodiversity maintenance. The leaf anatomy of Sapium glandulosum (L.) Morong., Bauhinia aculeata L., Inga vera Willd., Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) Benth., Guazuma ulmifolia Lam. and Cecropia peltata L., growing along an altitudinal gradient (682-800 - 1030 m a.s.l.) on the high basin of the Tocuyo river were studied, in order to evaluate the possible foliar phenotypic plasticity that makes possible their adaptation at this altitudinal range. Leaf blade samples were collected from adult trees growing at two different altitude; these samples were fixed in FAA and processed using classical techniques in optical microscopy. The leaf histology was similar at both altitudes for all taxa, but differences were detected between them on quantitative anatomic characteristics, which varied depending on the species. The features with higher plasticity were: adaxial stomatal density (amphistomatic leaves), trichome density, palisade parenchyma thickness and leaf thickness. I. vera seems to be the taxon in which lower plasticity in the blade's anatomical characters was evident, while G. ulmifolia was the species with the highest phenotypic plasticity in the altitudinal gradient, showing more heliomorphic characteristics as altitude increased, which confers it adaptive advantages to this species for colonizing riparian forest ecosystems. C1 [Alvarado, Gelvis] Univ Pedag Expt Libertador, Lab Anat & Fis Vegetal, Caracas, Venezuela. [Garcia, Marina; Zambrano, Freddy] Univ Tecn Manabi, Fac Ingn Agron, Portoviejo, Ecuador. [Garcia, Marina; Jauregui, Damelis] Univ Cent Venezuela, Inst Bot Agr, Fac Agron, Maracay, Venezuela. [Alvarado, Hipolito] Univ Centroccidental Lisandro Alvarado, Decanato Agron, Lara, Venezuela. RP Garcia, M (reprint author), Univ Tecn Manabi, Fac Ingn Agron, Portoviejo, Ecuador.; Garcia, M (reprint author), Univ Cent Venezuela, Inst Bot Agr, Fac Agron, Maracay, Venezuela. EM marinabotanica@gmail.com NR 56 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA ONE NEW YORK PLAZA, SUITE 4600, NEW YORK, NY, UNITED STATES SN 0006-3088 EI 1336-9563 J9 BIOLOGIA JI Biologia DI 10.2478/s11756-020-00427-9 EA FEB 2020 PG 11 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA KI1BI UT WOS:000511078900001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Wallach, AD Lundgren, E Batavia, C Nelson, MP Yanco, E Linklater, WL Carroll, SP Celermajer, D Brandis, KJ Steer, J Ramp, D AF Wallach, Arian D. Lundgren, Erick Batavia, Chelsea Nelson, Michael Paul Yanco, Esty Linklater, Wayne L. Carroll, Scott P. Celermajer, Danielle Brandis, Kate J. Steer, Jamie Ramp, Daniel TI When all life counts in conservation SO CONSERVATION BIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Early Access DE biodiversity; biogeography; conservation ethics; IUCN Red List; nativism; novel ecosystem; rewilding; biodiversidad; biogeografia; ecosistema novedoso; etica de la conservacion; Lista Roja de la UICN; nativismo; reintroduccion a la vida silvestre ID BIODIVERSITY; PREDATORS; DIVERSITY; BEHAVIOR AB Conservation science involves the collection and analysis of data. These scientific practices emerge from values that shape who and what is counted. Currently, conservation data are filtered through a value system that considers native life the only appropriate subject of conservation concern. We examined how trends in species richness, distribution, and threats change when all wildlife count by adding so-called non-native and feral populations to the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List and local species richness assessments. We focused on vertebrate populations with founding members taken into and out of Australia by humans (i.e., migrants). We identified 87 immigrant and 47 emigrant vertebrate species. Formal conservation accounts underestimated global ranges by an average of 30% for immigrants and 7% for emigrants; immigrations surpassed extinctions in Australia by 52 species; migrants were disproportionately threatened (33% of immigrants and 29% of emigrants were threatened or decreasing in their native ranges); and incorporating migrant populations into risk assessments reduced global threat statuses for 15 of 18 species. Australian policies defined most immigrants as pests (76%), and conservation was the most commonly stated motivation for targeting these species in killing programs (37% of immigrants). Inclusive biodiversity data open space for dialogue on the ethical and empirical assumptions underlying conservation science. C1 [Wallach, Arian D.; Lundgren, Erick; Yanco, Esty; Ramp, Daniel] Univ Technol Sydney, Fac Sci, Ctr Compassionate Conservat, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia. [Batavia, Chelsea; Nelson, Michael Paul] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Linklater, Wayne L.] Calif State Univ Sacramento, Dept Environm Studies, Amador Hall 555D,6000 J St, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA. [Linklater, Wayne L.] Victoria Univ Wellington, Ctr Biodivers & Restorat Ecol, Wellington 6021, New Zealand. [Linklater, Wayne L.] Nelson Mandela Univ, Ctr African Conservat Ecol, ZA-6019 Port Elizabeth, South Africa. [Carroll, Scott P.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Celermajer, Danielle] Univ Sydney, Fac Arts & Social Sci, Dept Sociol & Social Policy, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia. [Brandis, Kate J.] Univ New South Wales, Ctr Ecosyst Sci, Sch Biol Environm & Earth Sci, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. [Steer, Jamie] Greater Wellington Reg Council, Biodivers Dept, Wellington 6142, New Zealand. RP Wallach, AD (reprint author), Univ Technol Sydney, Fac Sci, Ctr Compassionate Conservat, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia. EM Arian.Wallach@uts.edu.au RI Ramp, Daniel/C-3692-2008 OI Ramp, Daniel/0000-0003-3202-9898; Brandis, Kate/0000-0001-6807-0142; Linklater, Wayne/0000-0003-2627-693X; Carroll, Scott/0000-0003-2094-9398 FU UTS IRD grant; Australian Research CouncilAustralian Research Council [DP180100272] FX We thank M. Chew and A. Gibson for valuable discussions; C. Anderson for editorial handling; and M. Schlaepfer and 4 anonymous reviewers for help in improving the article. This study was funded by a UTS IRD grant (to A.D.W.) and an Australian Research Council grant (number DP180100272). NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0888-8892 EI 1523-1739 J9 CONSERV BIOL JI Conserv. Biol. DI 10.1111/cobi.13447 EA FEB 2020 PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KH6XJ UT WOS:000510794200001 PM 31782203 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Fabbrizzi, E Scardi, M Ballesteros, E Benedetti-Cecchi, L Cebrian, E Ceccherelli, G De Leo, F Deidun, A Guarnieri, G Falace, A Fraissinet, S Giommi, C Macic, V Mangialajo, L Mannino, AM Piazzi, L Ramdani, M Rilov, G Rindi, L Rizzo, L Sara, G Ben Souissi, J Taskin, E Fraschetti, S AF Fabbrizzi, Erika Scardi, Michele Ballesteros, Enric Benedetti-Cecchi, Lisandro Cebrian, Emma Ceccherelli, Giulia De Leo, Francesco Deidun, Alan Guarnieri, Giuseppe Falace, Annalisa Fraissinet, Silvia Giommi, Chiara Macic, Vesna Mangialajo, Luisa Mannino, Anna Maria Piazzi, Luigi Ramdani, Mohamed Rilov, Gil Rindi, Luca Rizzo, Lucia Sara, Gianluca Ben Souissi, Jamila Taskin, Ergun Fraschetti, Simonetta TI Modeling Macroalgal Forest Distribution at Mediterranean Scale: Present Status, Drivers of Changes and Insights for Conservation and Management SO FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Cystoseira canopies; habitat suitability model; Mediterranean Sea; Random Forest; species distribution ID SPECIES DISTRIBUTION; SPATIAL VARIABILITY; NUTRIENT ENRICHMENT; MARINE HABITATS; FORMING ALGAE; BIODIVERSITY; SEA; DISTURBANCE; GRADIENT; DECLINE AB Macroalgal forests are one of the most productive and valuable marine ecosystems, but yet strongly exposed to fragmentation and loss. Detailed large-scale information on their distribution is largely lacking, hindering conservation initiatives. In this study, a systematic effort to combine spatial data on Cystoseira C. Agardh canopies (Fucales, Phaeophyta) was carried out to develop a Habitat Suitability Model (HSM) at Mediterranean scale, providing critical tools to improve site prioritization for their management, restoration and protection. A georeferenced database on the occurrence of 20 Cystoseira species was produced collecting all the available information from published and grey literature, web data portals and co-authors personal data. Data were associated to 55 predictor variable layers in the (ASCII) raster format and were used in order to develop the HSM by means of a Random Forest, a very effective Machine Learning technique. Knowledge about the distribution of Cystoseira canopies was available for about the 14% of the Mediterranean coastline. Absence data were available only for the 2% of the basin. Despite these gaps, our HSM showed high accuracy levels in reproducing Cystoseira distribution so that the first continuous maps of the habitat across the entire basin was produced. Misclassification errors mainly occurred in the eastern and southern part of the basin, where large gaps of knowledge emerged. The most relevant drivers were the geomorphological ones, followed by anthropogenic variables proxies of pollution and urbanization. Our model shows the importance of data sharing to combine a large number of spatial and environmental data, allowing to individuate areas with high probability of Cystoseira occurrence as suitable for its presence. This approach encourages the use of this modeling tool for the prediction of Cystoseira distribution and for supporting and planning conservation and management initiatives. The step forward is to refine the spatial information of presence-absence data about Cystoseira canopies and of environmental predictors in order to address species-specific assessments. C1 [Fabbrizzi, Erika; Fraschetti, Simonetta] Univ Naples Federico II, Dept Biol, Naples, Italy. [Fabbrizzi, Erika; Rizzo, Lucia; Fraschetti, Simonetta] Stn Zool Anton Dohm, Naples, Italy. [Fabbrizzi, Erika; Scardi, Michele; Benedetti-Cecchi, Lisandro; De Leo, Francesco; Guarnieri, Giuseppe; Rindi, Luca; Fraschetti, Simonetta] CoNISMa, Rome, Italy. [Scardi, Michele] Tor Vergata Univ Rome, Dept Biol, Rome, Italy. [Ballesteros, Enric] CSIC, Ctr Estudis Avancats Blanes, Girona, Spain. [Benedetti-Cecchi, Lisandro; Rindi, Luca] Univ Pisa, Dept Biol, Pisa, Italy. [Cebrian, Emma] Univ Girona, Fac Ciencies, Dept Ciencies Ambientals, Girona, Spain. [Ceccherelli, Giulia; Piazzi, Luigi] Univ Sassari, Dept Chem & Pharm, Sassari, Italy. [Deidun, Alan] Univ Malta, Dept Geosci, Msida, Malta. [Guarnieri, Giuseppe; Fraissinet, Silvia] Univ Salento, Dept Biol & Environm Sci & Technol, Lecce, Italy. [Falace, Annalisa] Univ Trieste, Dept Life Sci, Trieste, Italy. [Giommi, Chiara; Sara, Gianluca] Univ Palermo, Earth & Marine Sci Dept, Lab Ecol, Palermo, Italy. [Macic, Vesna] Univ Montenegro, Inst Marine Biol, Kotor, Montenegro. [Mangialajo, Luisa] Univ Cote Azur, CNRS, UMR 7035, ECOSEAS, Nice, France. [Mannino, Anna Maria] Univ Palermo, Dept Biol Chem & Pharmaceut Sci & Technol, Palermo, Italy. [Ramdani, Mohamed] Mohammed V Univ Rabat, Dept Zool & Anim Ecol, Rabat, Morocco. [Rilov, Gil] Israel Oceanog & Limnol Res, Natl Inst Oceanog, Haifa, Israel. [Ben Souissi, Jamila] Univ Carthage, Inst Natl Agron Tunisie, Tunis, Tunisia. [Taskin, Ergun] Manisa Celal Bayar Univ, Fac Arts & Sci, Dept Biol, Manisa, Turkey. RP Fabbrizzi, E (reprint author), Univ Naples Federico II, Dept Biol, Naples, Italy.; Fabbrizzi, E (reprint author), Stn Zool Anton Dohm, Naples, Italy.; Fabbrizzi, E (reprint author), CoNISMa, Rome, Italy. EM erika.fabbrizzi@gmail.com RI TASKIN, ERGUN/AAE-3163-2020 OI TASKIN, ERGUN/0000-0003-0531-4546; Rizzo, Lucia/0000-0002-0893-0582 FU EU Interreg MED AMAre Project; project MERCES of the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research [689518]; Regione Lazio within the project Torno Subito, 2017 FX This research was funded by the EU Interreg MED AMAre Project (http://msp-platform.eu/projects/amareactions-marine-protected-areas) and the project MERCES of the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research (Grant Agreement No. 689518, http://www.merces-project.eu). EF was supported by Regione Lazio within the project Torno Subito, 2017 (http://www.tornosubito.laziodisu.it). NR 94 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FRONTIERS MEDIA SA PI LAUSANNE PA AVENUE DU TRIBUNAL FEDERAL 34, LAUSANNE, CH-1015, SWITZERLAND EI 2296-7745 J9 FRONT MAR SCI JI Front. Mar. Sci. PD FEB 4 PY 2020 VL 7 AR 20 DI 10.3389/fmars.2020.00020 PG 18 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA KH7IM UT WOS:000510823800001 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Liu, X Chen, LF Liu, M Garcia-Guzman, G Gilbert, GS Zhou, SR AF Liu, Xiang Chen, Lifan Liu, Mu Garcia-Guzman, Graciela Gilbert, Gregory S. Zhou, Shurong TI Dilution effect of plant diversity on infectious diseases: latitudinal trend and biological context dependence SO OIKOS LA English DT Article; Early Access DE biodiversity; biodiversity-disease relationship; dilution effect; disease impact; meta-analysis; plant disease; plant pathogens ID SPECIES-DIVERSITY; HOST DIVERSITY; RUST FUNGI; BIODIVERSITY; RISK; ECOLOGY; TRANSMISSION; INCREASES; PATHOGENS; RICHNESS AB Biodiversity is thought to help regulate the impacts of disease through the dilution effect, where biodiversity among potential host species helps limit the impacts of pathogens. However, our knowledge is fragmentary about the direction and magnitude of the effects of plant species richness on disease impact. Here, we gathered data from 145 comparisons presented in 21 papers to conduct a systematic meta-analysis on the effect of plant species richness on aboveground plant disease impact. We estimated the effect size using Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) with Fisher's z-transformation. We evaluated how the magnitude of effect size varies between systems, including ecosystem type (grassland versus forest), pathogen taxon (virus versus fungus), study design (observational versus manipulative), parasite life history (biotroph versus necrotroph) and kinds of symptoms associated with the disease. We also tested whether there was a latitudinal trend of the effect size. We found there was a significant overall dilution effect in plant communities, but the magnitude varied among systems. Studies based on manipulative experiments and those in grassland ecosystems showed a significant dilution effect, as did both viral and fungal pathogens. Furthermore, obligate biotrophic pathogens but not necrotrophs showed a significant dilution effect. Diseases with different kinds of symptom manifestation differed, but not in a consistent pattern to the life history of the pathogens. The dilution effect was notably stronger at lower latitudes in the mid-temperate region than at higher latitudes. This latitudinal trend existed in forest ecosystems, both observational and manipulative experiments, and necrotrophs. Dilution effects occur prevalently in plant communities, although the magnitude depends on ecosystem type, pathogen life history and kinds of symptoms associated with the disease. In conclusion, this study shows the importance of preserving the biodiversity of plants for maintaining ecosystem health. C1 [Liu, Xiang; Liu, Mu; Zhou, Shurong] Fudan Univ, Key Lab Biodivers Sci & Ecol Engn, Coastal Ecosyst Res Stn Yangtze River Estuary, Shanghai Inst Ecochongming,Minist Educ, 2005 Songhu Rd, Shanghai 200438, Peoples R China. [Liu, Xiang; Liu, Mu; Zhou, Shurong] Fudan Univ, Sch Life Sci, 2005 Songhu Rd, Shanghai 200438, Peoples R China. [Chen, Lifan] Shanghai Univ Med & Hlth Sci, Sch Arts & Sci, Shanghai, Peoples R China. [Garcia-Guzman, Graciela] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Ecol, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Gilbert, Gregory S.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Environm Studies Dept, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. RP Zhou, SR (reprint author), Fudan Univ, Key Lab Biodivers Sci & Ecol Engn, Coastal Ecosyst Res Stn Yangtze River Estuary, Shanghai Inst Ecochongming,Minist Educ, 2005 Songhu Rd, Shanghai 200438, Peoples R China.; Zhou, SR (reprint author), Fudan Univ, Sch Life Sci, 2005 Songhu Rd, Shanghai 200438, Peoples R China. EM zhshrong@fudan.edu.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [31830009, 31700466, 31770518] FX This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31830009, 31700466, 31770518). Author contributions -SZ and XL designed study. XL, SZ and GGG collected data. XL, SZ, GSG and LC analyzed the data. XL, SZ, ML and GSG wrote the manuscript. All authors provided critical feedback on manuscript drafts. NR 73 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0030-1299 EI 1600-0706 J9 OIKOS JI Oikos DI 10.1111/oik.07027 EA FEB 2020 PG 9 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KH7QU UT WOS:000510845500001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Atkinson, SF Lake, MC AF Atkinson, Samuel F. Lake, Matthew C. TI Prioritizing riparian corridors for ecosystem restoration in urbanizing watersheds SO PEERJ LA English DT Article DE Ecosystem services; Water quality; Spatially explicit modeling; Watershed management; Water quality corridor management model; WQCM model ID BIODIVERSITY; REMOVAL; STREAM; QUALITY; ECOLOGY AB Background. Riparian corridors can affect nutrient, organic matter, and sediment transport, all of which shape water quality in streams and connected downstream waters. When functioning riparian corridors remain intact, they provide highly valued water quality ecosystem services. However, in rapidly urbanizing watersheds, riparian corridors are susceptible to development modifications that adversely affect those ecosystem services. Protecting high quality riparian corridors or restoring low quality corridors are widely advocated as watershed level water quality management options for protecting those ecosystem services. The two approaches, protection or restoration, should be viewed as complementary by watershed managers and provide a foundation for targeting highly functioning riparian corridors for protection or for identifying poorly functioning corridors for restoration. Ascertaining which strategy to use is often motivated by a specific ecosystem service, for example water quality, upon which watershed management is focused. We have previously reported on a spatially explicit model that focused on identifying riparian corridors that have specific characteristics that make them well suited for purposes of preservation and protection focused on water quality. Here we hypothesize that focusing on restoration, rather than protection, can be the basis for developing a watershed level strategy for improving water quality in urbanizing watersheds. Methods. The model described here represents a geographic information system (GIS) based approach that utilizes riparian characteristics extracted from 40-meter wide corridors centered on streams and rivers. The model focuses on drinking water reservoir watersheds that can be analyzed at the sub-watershed level. Sub-watershed riparian data (vegetation, soil erodibility and surface slope) are scaled and weighted based on watershed management theories for water quality, and riparian restoration scores are assigned. Those scores are used to rank order riparian zones -the lower the score the higher the priority for riparian restoration. Results. The model was applied to 90 sub-watersheds in the watershed of an important drinking water reservoir in north central Texas, USA. Results from this study area suggest that corridor scores were found to be most correlated to the amount of: forested vegetation, residential land use, soils in the highest erodibility class, and highest surface slope (r(2) = 0.92, p < 0.0001). Scores allow watershed managers to rapidly focus on riparian corridors most in need of restoration. A beneficial feature of the model is that it also allows investigation of multiple scenarios of restoration strategies ( e.g., revegetation, soil stabilization, flood plain leveling), giving watershed managers a tool to compare and contrast watershed level management plans. C1 [Atkinson, Samuel F.; Lake, Matthew C.] Univ North Texas, Adv Environm Res Inst, Denton, TX 76203 USA. [Atkinson, Samuel F.] Univ North Texas, Dept Biol Sci, Denton, TX 76203 USA. RP Atkinson, SF (reprint author), Univ North Texas, Adv Environm Res Inst, Denton, TX 76203 USA.; Atkinson, SF (reprint author), Univ North Texas, Dept Biol Sci, Denton, TX 76203 USA. EM atkinson@unt.edu FU Upper Trinity Regional Water District (Texas); University of North Texas FX The work was supported by the Upper Trinity Regional Water District (Texas) and the University of North Texas. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU PEERJ INC PI LONDON PA 341-345 OLD ST, THIRD FLR, LONDON, EC1V 9LL, ENGLAND SN 2167-8359 J9 PEERJ JI PeerJ PD FEB 4 PY 2020 VL 8 AR e8174 DI 10.7717/peerj.8174 PG 24 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA KH6EL UT WOS:000510743400010 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Clarke, SA Vilizzi, L Lee, L Wood, LE Cowie, WJ Burt, JA Mamiit, RJE Ali, H Davison, PI Fenwick, GV Harmer, R Skora, ME Kozic, S Aislabie, LR Kennerley, A Le Quesne, WJF Copp, GH Stebbing, PD AF Clarke, Stacey A. Vilizzi, Lorenzo Lee, Laura Wood, Louisa E. Cowie, Winston J. Burt, John A. Mamiit, Rusyan J. E. Ali, Hassina Davison, Phil, I Fenwick, Gemma, V Harmer, Rogan Skora, Michal E. Kozic, Sebastian Aislabie, Luke R. Kennerley, Adam Le Quesne, Will J. F. Copp, Gordon H. Stebbing, Paul D. TI Identifying potentially invasive non-native marine and brackish water species for the Arabian Gulf and Sea of Oman SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Early Access DE AS-ISK; extant non-native species; horizon species; risk screening; ROPME ID HARMFUL ALGAL BLOOMS; CARCINUS-MAENAS; MANAGEMENT; FISHES; RISK; IDENTIFICATION; IMPACTS; TURTLE; RIVER AB Invasive non-native species (NNS) are internationally recognized as posing a serious threat to global biodiversity, economies and human health. The identification of invasive NNS is already established, those that may arrive in the future, their vectors and pathways of introduction and spread, and hotspots of invasion are important for a targeted approach to managing introductions and impacts at local, regional and global scales. The aim of this study was to identify which marine and brackish NNS are already present in marine systems of the northeastern Arabia area (Arabian Gulf and Sea of Oman) and of these which ones are potentially invasive, and which species have a high likelihood of being introduced in the future and negatively affect biodiversity. Overall, 136 NNS were identified, of which 56 are already present in the region and a further 80 were identified as likely to arrive in the future, including fish, tunicates, invertebrates, plants and protists. The Aquatic Species Invasiveness Screening Kit (AS-ISK) was used to identify the risk of NNS being (or becoming) invasive within the region. Based on the AS-ISK basic risk assessment (BRA) thresholds, 36 extant and 37 horizon species (53.7% of all species) were identified as high risk. When the impact of climate change on the overall assessment was considered, the combined risk score (BRA+CCA) increased for 38.2% of all species, suggesting higher risk under warmer conditions, including the highest-risk horizon NNS the green crab Carcinus maenas, and the extant macro-alga Hypnea musciformis. This is the first horizon-scanning exercise for NNS in the region, thus providing a vital baseline for future management. The outcome of this study is the prioritization of NNS to inform decision-making for the targeted monitoring and management in the region to prevent new bio-invasions and to control existing species, including their potential for spread. C1 [Clarke, Stacey A.; Lee, Laura; Davison, Phil, I; Harmer, Rogan; Aislabie, Luke R.; Le Quesne, Will J. F.; Copp, Gordon H.] Ctr Environm Fisheries & Aquaculture Sci, Lowestoft, Suffolk, England. [Vilizzi, Lorenzo; Kozic, Sebastian; Copp, Gordon H.] Univ Lodz, Fac Biol & Environm Protect, Dept Ecol & Vertebrate Zool, Lodz, Poland. [Lee, Laura] Univ Liverpool, Inst Integrat Biol, Dept Evolut Ecol & Behav, Liverpool, Merseyside, England. [Wood, Louisa E.; Kennerley, Adam; Stebbing, Paul D.] Ctr Environm Fisheries & Aquaculture Sci, Weymouth, England. [Cowie, Winston J.] Environm Agcy Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, U Arab Emirates. [Burt, John A.] New York Univ Abu Dhabi, Ctr Genom & Syst Biol, Abu Dhabi, U Arab Emirates. [Mamiit, Rusyan J. E.] Global Green Growth Inst, Abu Dhabi, U Arab Emirates. [Ali, Hassina] Minist Climate Change & Environm, Dubai, U Arab Emirates. [Fenwick, Gemma, V] Univ Lancaster, Lancaster Environm Ctr, Bailrigg, Lancs, England. [Skora, Michal E.] Univ Gdansk, Inst Oceanog, Fac Oceanog & Geog, Hel, Poland. [Copp, Gordon H.] Bournemouth Univ, Dept Life & Environm Sci, Poole, Dorset, England. [Copp, Gordon H.] Trent Univ, Environm & Life Sci Grad Program, Peterborough, ON, Canada. [Stebbing, Paul D.] APEM Ltd, A17 Embankment,Business Pk, Manchester SK4 3GN, Lancs, England. RP Clarke, SA (reprint author), Ctr Environm Fisheries & Aquaculture Sci, Lowestoft, Suffolk, England. EM stacey.clarke@cefas.co.uk OI Burt, John/0000-0001-6087-6424; Clarke, Stacey/0000-0003-0332-3959 FU UK-Gulf Marine Environment Partnership (UK-GMEP); Lancaster University; University of Gdansk; University of Liverpool; University of Lodz; Cefas FX Cefas; UK-Gulf Marine Environment Partnership (UK-GMEP); Lancaster University; University of Gdansk; University of Liverpool; University of Lodz NR 67 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1354-1013 EI 1365-2486 J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. DI 10.1111/gcb.14964 EA FEB 2020 PG 12 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KH6RT UT WOS:000510779500001 PM 31840906 OA Bronze DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Ngugi, MR Fechner, N Neldner, VJ Dennis, PG AF Ngugi, Michael R. Fechner, Nigel Neldner, Victor J. Dennis, Paul G. TI Successional dynamics of soil fungal diversity along a restoration chronosequence post-coal mining SO RESTORATION ECOLOGY LA English DT Article; Early Access DE environmental management; fungal guilds; microbial ecology; mine restoration; mycorrhizal fungi; soil biodiversity ID JARRAH FOREST; COMMUNITIES; VEGETATION; TILLAGE; IDENTIFICATION; ESTABLISHMENT; ECOSYSTEM; RECOVERY; SEARCH; IMPACT AB Soil disruption from open-cut mining practices can adversely impact microbial communities and the ecosystem services that they mediate. Despite this, assessment of impacts of soil disruption, and the subsequent recovery of microbial communities is rarely studied. Monitoring of ecological restoration success on mine sites has traditionally focused on vegetation; however, most plants rely, at least in part, on associations with soil fungi for enhanced nutrient and water acquisition. Here, we used high-throughput phylogenetic marker gene sequencing to characterize the diversity of soil fungal communities along a restoration chronosequence ranging from 3 to 23 years at a rehabilitated mine site. We used nonmined analogue sites as a baseline for comparative purposes and examined the associations of soil fungal communities with soil physicochemical and aboveground vegetation variables. Fungal richness on rehabilitated sites was significantly larger than on nonmined sites, suggesting that mixing of topsoil during stockpiling resulted in a composite microbial community. Fungal community composition was significantly influenced by edaphic variables and the length of rehabilitation, with mined sites becoming more similar to nonmined sites over time. Fungal populations associated with ectomycorrhizae were relatively more abundant than those associated with arbuscular mycorrhizae and declined in response to disturbance, but recovered over time on the woody dominated sites indicating a strong coupling of these fungi with aboveground vegetation. Our data indicate that soil fungal diversity is a useful bioindicator of soil restoration in mined sites and may complement more traditional vegetation-based surveys. C1 [Ngugi, Michael R.; Fechner, Nigel; Neldner, Victor J.] Queensland Herbarium, Dept Environm & Sci, Mt Coot Tha Rd, Brisbane, Qld 4066, Australia. [Dennis, Paul G.] Univ Queensland, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. RP Ngugi, MR (reprint author), Queensland Herbarium, Dept Environm & Sci, Mt Coot Tha Rd, Brisbane, Qld 4066, Australia. EM michael.ngugi@des.qld.gov.au FU Stanwell Pty Ltd, Meandu Mine; Department of Environment and Science, Queensland Government; School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, the University of Queensland, Brisbane FX Soil sample analysis for this project was funded by Stanwell Pty Ltd, Meandu Mine. Paul Veivers, Environmental Specialist staff at Stanwell Pty Ltd., provided significant logistic support at the Meandu mine. The research was made possible by the support of the Department of Environment and Science, Queensland Government, in collaboration with the School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, the University of Queensland, Brisbane. We thank G. Brown for reviewing this manuscript and providing us with helpful suggestions and comments. We thank three anonymous reviewers for valuable comments. NR 52 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1061-2971 EI 1526-100X J9 RESTOR ECOL JI Restor. Ecol. DI 10.1111/rec.13112 EA FEB 2020 PG 10 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KH6UN UT WOS:000510786700001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Brown, SC Wigley, TML Otto-Bliesner, BL Rahbek, C Fordham, DA AF Brown, Stuart C. Wigley, Tom M. L. Otto-Bliesner, Bette L. Rahbek, Carsten Fordham, Damien A. TI Persistent Quaternary climate refugia are hospices for biodiversity in the Anthropocene SO NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE LA English DT Article; Early Access ID DIVERSITY; CONSEQUENCES; PATTERNS AB Climate stability leads to high levels of speciation and reduced extinction rates, shaping species richness patterns(1-3). Hotspots of species diversity often overlap with regions that experienced stable temperatures and, perhaps, variable rates of precipitation during the late Quaternary(4,5). These hotspots potentially harbour many species with low vagility and small geographical ranges(6), making them more vulnerable to future ecoclimatic change(4,7,8). By comparing global and regional patterns of climate stability during short periods of unusually large and widespread climate changes since the Last Glacial Maximum with twenty-first-century patterns, we show that human-driven climate change will disproportionally affect biodiversity in late Quaternary climate refugia, ultimately affecting the species, communities and ecosystems that are most vulnerable to climate change. Moreover, future changes in absolute temperature will probably erode the mechanisms that are theorized to sustain biodiversity hotspots across time. These impending shifts from stable to unstable temperatures-projected for the majority of the world's biodiversity regions-threaten to reduce the size and extent of important climatic safe havens for diversity. Where climate refugia are forecast to persist until the end of this century, temperatures in these refuges are likely to exceed the acclimation capacity of many species, making them short-term hospices for biodiversity at best(7-9). The stability of climatic conditions since the Last Glacial Maximum has contributed to current global patterns of species richness. Changes in patterns of climate stability this century reveal areas where climate change could reduce biodiversity, with largest losses in past climatic safe havens. C1 [Brown, Stuart C.; Wigley, Tom M. L.; Fordham, Damien A.] Univ Adelaide, Environm Inst, Adelaide, SA, Australia. [Brown, Stuart C.; Wigley, Tom M. L.; Fordham, Damien A.] Univ Adelaide, Sch Biol Sci, Adelaide, SA, Australia. [Wigley, Tom M. L.; Otto-Bliesner, Bette L.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Climate & Global Dynam Lab, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Rahbek, Carsten; Fordham, Damien A.] Univ Copenhagen, GLOBE Inst, Ctr Macroecol Evolut & Climate, Copenhagen, Denmark. RP Brown, SC; Fordham, DA (reprint author), Univ Adelaide, Environm Inst, Adelaide, SA, Australia.; Brown, SC; Fordham, DA (reprint author), Univ Adelaide, Sch Biol Sci, Adelaide, SA, Australia.; Fordham, DA (reprint author), Univ Copenhagen, GLOBE Inst, Ctr Macroecol Evolut & Climate, Copenhagen, Denmark. EM s.brown@adelaide.edu.au; damien.fordham@adelaide.edu.au OI Otto-Bliesner, Bette/0000-0003-1911-1598; Brown, Stuart/0000-0002-0669-1418 FU Australian Research CouncilAustralian Research Council [FT140101192, DP130103261] FX This research was funded by an Australian Research Council Future Fellowships awarded to D.A.F. (grant no. FT140101192) and a Discovery Grant (grant no. DP130103261) awarded to T.M.L.W. NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1758-678X EI 1758-6798 J9 NAT CLIM CHANGE JI Nat. Clim. Chang. DI 10.1038/s41558-019-0682-7 EA FEB 2020 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA KH7HU UT WOS:000510822000002 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Chen, WQ Wang, JY Meng, ZX Xu, R Chen, J Zhang, YJ Hu, TM AF Chen, Wenqing Wang, Jianyu Meng, Zexin Xu, Ran Chen, Jun Zhang, Yingjun Hu, Tianming TI Fertility-related interplay between fungal guilds underlies plant richness-productivity relationships in natural grasslands SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Article; Early Access DE fungal guilds; natural grasslands; plant productivity; plant richness; rhizosphere fungi; richness-productivity ID ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; BELOW-GROUND BIODIVERSITY; SPECIES RICHNESS; N ENRICHMENT; VICE-VERSA; SOIL BIOTA; DIVERSITY; COMMUNITY; RESPONSES; GRADIENT AB The plant richness-productivity relationship is a central subject in ecology, yet the mechanisms behind this pattern remain debated. Soil fungi are closely associated with the dynamics of plant communities, however empirical evidence on how fungal communities integrate into the richness-productivity relationships of natural environments is lacking. We used Illumina high-throughput sequencing to identify rhizosphere fungal communities across a natural plant richness gradient at two sites with different fertility conditions, and related the subsequent information to plant richness and productivity to elucidate the role of fungal guilds in integrating the linkages of both plant components. Saprotrophs, mycorrhizal fungi and potential plant pathogens interacted differently between the sites, with saprotrophic and mycorrhizal fungal abundances being positively correlated at the high-nutrient site and abundances of mycorrhizal fungi and potential plant pathogens being negatively correlated at the low-nutrient site. The synergistic associations between these fungal guilds with plant richness and productivity operated in concert to promote positive richness-productivity relationships. Our findings provide empirical evidence for the importance of soil fungal guilds in integrating the linkages of plant richness and productivity, and suggest that future work incorporating soil fungal communities into richness-productivity relationships would advance our mechanistic understanding of their linkages. C1 [Chen, Wenqing; Wang, Jianyu; Meng, Zexin; Xu, Ran; Chen, Jun; Hu, Tianming] Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Grassland Agr, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Yingjun] China Agr Univ, Coll Grassland Sci & Technol, Dept Grassland Sci, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. RP Chen, WQ; Hu, TM (reprint author), Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Grassland Agr, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China.; Zhang, YJ (reprint author), China Agr Univ, Coll Grassland Sci & Technol, Dept Grassland Sci, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. EM chen_wq@nwsuaf.edu.cn; zhangyj@cau.edu.cn; hutianming@126.com OI Chen, Wenqing/0000-0003-2136-2695 FU National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [31802127]; Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province of ChinaNatural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province [2018JQ3015, XZNKY-2019-C-054] FX We acknowledge Hebei Guyuan National Grassland Ecosystem Research Station (NGERS) for providing research platform. This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant no. 31802127) and the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province of China (Grant no. 2018JQ3015), Project on Genome and population genetics of Kobresia myosuroides (Grant no. XZNKY-2019-C-054). NR 74 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0028-646X EI 1469-8137 J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. DI 10.1111/nph.16390 EA FEB 2020 PG 15 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA KH4BS UT WOS:000510589700001 PM 31863600 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Knight, M Bunch, K Kenyon, S Tuffnell, D Kurinczuk, JJ AF Knight, Marian Bunch, Kathryn Kenyon, Sara Tuffnell, Derek Kurinczuk, Jennifer J. TI A national population-based cohort study to investigate inequalities in maternal mortality in the United Kingdom, 2009-17 SO PAEDIATRIC AND PERINATAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Early Access DE cohort analysis; ethnic groups; maternal age; maternal mortality; socio-economic factors ID DEATHS; UK AB Background Disparities have been documented in maternal mortality rates between women from different ethnic, age and socio-economic groups in the UK. It is unclear whether there are differential changes in these rates amongst women from different groups over time. The objectives of this analysis were to describe UK maternal mortality rates in different age, ethnic and socio-economic groups between 2009 and 2017, and to identify whether there were changes in the observed inequalities, or different trends amongst population subgroups. Methods Maternal mortality rates with 95% confidence intervals (CI) in specific age, deprivation and ethnic groups were calculated using numbers of maternal deaths as numerator and total maternities as denominator. Relative risks (RR) with 95% CI were calculated and compared using ratios of relative risk. Change over time was investigated using non-parametric tests for trend across ordered groups. Results Women from black and Asian groups had a higher mortality rate than white women in most time periods, as did women aged 35 and over and women from the most deprived quintile areas of residence. There was evidence of an increasing trend in maternal mortality amongst black women and a decrease in mortality amongst women from the least deprived areas, but no trends over time in any of the other ethnic, age or IMD groups were seen. There was a widening of the disparity between black and white women (RR 2.59 in 2009-11 compared with 5.27 in 2015-17, ratio of the relative risks 2.03, 95% CI 1.11, 3.72). Conclusions The clear differences in the patterns of maternal mortality amongst different ethnic, age and socio-economic groups emphasise the importance of research and policies focussed specifically on women from black and minority ethnic groups, together with other disadvantaged groups, to begin to reduce maternal mortality in the UK. C1 [Knight, Marian; Bunch, Kathryn; Kurinczuk, Jennifer J.] Univ Oxford, Natl Perinatal Epidemiol Unit, Oxford, England. [Kenyon, Sara] Univ Birmingham, Inst Hlth Sci, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. [Tuffnell, Derek] Bradford Hosp NHS Fdn Trust, Bradford, W Yorkshire, England. RP Knight, M (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Nuffield Dept Populat Hlth, Natl Perinatal Epidemiol Unit, Oxford, England. EM marian.knight@npeu.ox.ac.uk FU Healthcare Quality Improvement Partnership FX Healthcare Quality Improvement Partnership NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0269-5022 EI 1365-3016 J9 PAEDIATR PERINAT EP JI Paediatr. Perinat. Epidemiol. DI 10.1111/ppe.12640 EA FEB 2020 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics GA KH2XH UT WOS:000510510500001 PM 32010991 OA Other Gold, Green Published DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Jose, H Kopainsky, B AF Jose, Hugo Kopainsky, Birgit TI Do you bend or break? System dynamics in resilience planning for food security SO SYSTEM DYNAMICS REVIEW LA English DT Article; Early Access ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; IMPACTS; EVOLUTIONARY; ADAPTATION; METAPHOR AB This paper discusses our experience in using system dynamics to facilitate resilience planning for food security in rural communities that are exposed to ever-increasing climatic pressures in Guatemala. The social-ecological systems literature is rich in examples where policies to enhance resilience are deduced from factors generally accepted to be present in resilient systems (e.g. redundancy, connectivity and polycentrism). This deductive approach risks being overly simplistic. As an alternative, this paper explores how insights from analysing the structure-behaviour relationship of complex dynamic systems can be used to generate tailored policies. The results show that stability in food systems is mainly driven by key strategic resources that moderate the effects of environmental changes on food availability and affordability. Moreover, our experience highlights the importance of analysing mechanisms that determine a system's behaviour while and after the system is affected by a disturbance to formulate effective resilience policies. (c) 2020 The Authors. System Dynamics Review published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of System Dynamics Society C1 [Jose, Hugo; Kopainsky, Birgit] Univ Bergen, Dept Geog, Syst Dynam Grp, Bergen, Norway. RP Jose, H (reprint author), Univ Bergen, Dept Geog, Syst Dynam Grp, Bergen, Norway. EM hugojhdl@gmail.com NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0883-7066 EI 1099-1727 J9 SYST DYNAM REV JI Syst. Dyn. Rev. DI 10.1002/sdr.1643 EA FEB 2020 PG 23 WC Management; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Business & Economics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA KH5JT UT WOS:000510686500001 OA Other Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Lynch, SM Sorice, K Tagai, EK Handorf, EA AF Lynch, Shannon M. Sorice, Kristen Tagai, Erin K. Handorf, Elizabeth A. TI Use of empiric methods to inform prostate cancer health disparities: Comparison of neighborhood-wide association study "hits" in black and white men SO CANCER LA English DT Article; Early Access DE disparities; multilevel; neighborhood; neighborhood-wide association study (NWAS); prostate cancer ID STRATIFICATION; DISCRIMINATION; SURVIVAL; MODELS; FUTURE; BIAS AB Background Black men are more likely to die of prostate cancer (PCa) compared with white men. Factors ranging from genetics to neighborhood environment contribute to these disparities. However, unlike genetics, agnostic investigations that identify candidate variables from large-scale data, and that allow for empiric investigations into differential associations between neighborhood and PCa by race/ethnicity, to the authors' knowledge have not been well explored. Thus, herein, the authors built on their previously developed, empiric neighborhood-wide association study (NWAS) in white men and conducted a NWAS in black men to determine whether findings differed by race. Methods Pennsylvania Cancer Registry data were linked to US Census data. For the NWAS in non-Hispanic black men, the authors evaluated the association between 14,663 neighborhood census variables and advanced PCa (11 high-stage and/or high-grade cases and 8632 low-stage and/or low-grade cases), adjusting for age, diagnosis year, spatial correlation, and multiple testing. Odds ratios and 95% credible intervals were reported. Replication of NWAS findings across black and white races was assessed using Bayesian mixed effects models. Results Five variables related to housing (3 variables), education (1 variable), and employment and/or transportation (1 variable) were found to be significantly associated with advanced PCa in black men compared with 17 socioeconomic variables (mostly related to poverty and/or income) in white men. The top hit in black men was related to crowding in renter-occupied housing (odds ratio, 1.10; 95% credible interval, 1.001-1.12). Nine of 22 NWAS hits (4 of 5 hits in black men) were replicated across racial/ethnic groups. Conclusions Different neighborhood variables, or "candidates," were identified across race-specific NWASs. These findings and empiric approaches warrant additional study and may inform PCa racial disparities, particularly future gene-environment studies aimed at identifying patients and/or communities at risk of advanced PCa. C1 [Lynch, Shannon M.; Sorice, Kristen; Tagai, Erin K.] Fox Chase Canc Ctr, Canc Prevent & Control, 333 Coffman Ave, Philadelphia, PA 19111 USA. [Handorf, Elizabeth A.] Fox Chase Canc Ctr, Populat Studies Facil, Philadelphia, PA 19111 USA. RP Lynch, SM (reprint author), Fox Chase Canc Ctr, Canc Prevent & Control, 333 Coffman Ave, Philadelphia, PA 19111 USA. EM shannon.lynch@fccc.edu OI Lynch, Shannon/0000-0002-2066-9620 FU American Cancer SocietyAmerican Cancer Society [IRG-92-027-20, MRSG-CPHPS-130319]; National Institutes of Health/National Cancer Institute Cancer Center Support Grant [P30CA00692] FX Supported by grants from the American Cancer Society (IRG-92-027-20 and MRSG-CPHPS-130319 to Shannon M. Lynch) and the National Institutes of Health/National Cancer Institute Cancer Center Support Grant P30CA00692. NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0008-543X EI 1097-0142 J9 CANCER-AM CANCER SOC JI Cancer DI 10.1002/cncr.32734 EA FEB 2020 PG 9 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA KH4AS UT WOS:000510587100001 PM 32012234 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Solarz, W Najberek, K Wilk-Wozniak, E Biedrzycka, A AF Solarz, Wojciech Najberek, Kamil Wilk-Wozniak, Elzbieta Biedrzycka, Aleksandra TI Raccoons foster the spread of freshwater and terrestrial microorganisms-Mammals as a source of microbial eDNA SO DIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTIONS LA English DT Article; Early Access DE 18S rRNA; biological invasions; chlorophytes; eDNA; expansion; microorganisms; Procyon lotor; raccoon; transport; vectors ID PROCYON-LOTOR; DISPERSAL; INVERTEBRATES; INVASION; ECOLOGY; ALIEN; DNA; TREBOUXIOPHYCEAE; CHLOROPHYTA; PATHWAYS AB Aim The aim of the study was to test the role of racoon (Procyon lotor), an invasive alien species, in the spread of microorganisms. We tested whether the spread of microorganisms can be detected by sampling microbial DNA sourced from the raccoon body, thus facilitating biodiversity research. Location Warta Mouth National Park, western Poland. Methods We used the V4 hyper-variable region of the 18S ribosomal RNA gene and Illumina MiSeq amplicon sequencing to identify microorganisms present on the body surface of raccoons. Results Out of 170 DNA samples, we obtained 15 PCR products that contained the target sequences of freshwater or terrestrial microorganisms. We found that raccoons carry and spread chlorophytes, alveolates, amoeboids and fungi on their body surface. We identified 16 different microbial organisms. The sequences of four organisms, Micronuclearia podoventralis (amoeboid), Parachloroidium lobatum and Jaagichlorella roystonensis (chlorophyta), and Mortierella polygonia (fungi), exhibited 100% identity to the best GenBank hit and were thus identified to the species level. The two chlorophyte species, Parachloroidium lobatum and Jaagichlorella roystonensis, are particularly noteworthy, as they were first described recently, in 2013 and 2019, respectively, and knowledge about their global distribution is very scarce. Main conclusions We demonstrated that raccoons may effectively spread terrestrial and aquatic microorganisms. By utilizing this novel source of microbial DNA, we also showed that mammals may be effective living samplers. This perspective is worth exploring, as in some cases it may efficiently reduce the burden required in traditional sampling and provide valuable insights into local biodiversity and distributions of species. C1 [Solarz, Wojciech; Najberek, Kamil; Wilk-Wozniak, Elzbieta; Biedrzycka, Aleksandra] Polish Acad Sci, Inst Nat Conservat, Al Adama Mickiewicza 33, PL-31120 Krakow, Poland. RP Biedrzycka, A (reprint author), Polish Acad Sci, Inst Nat Conservat, Al Adama Mickiewicza 33, PL-31120 Krakow, Poland. EM biedrzycka@iop.krakow.pl RI ; Biedrzycka, Aleksandra/F-8554-2012 OI Wilk-Wozniak, Elzbieta/0000-0002-4929-6733; Biedrzycka, Aleksandra/0000-0001-5096-2767 FU Institute of Nature Conservation, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland; National Science Centre, Poland [2014/15/B/NZ8/00261] FX Institute of Nature Conservation, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland, Grant/Award Number: Statutory Funds; National Science Centre, Poland, Grant/Award Number: 2014/15/B/NZ8/00261 NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1366-9516 EI 1472-4642 J9 DIVERS DISTRIB JI Divers. Distrib. DI 10.1111/ddi.13027 EA FEB 2020 PG 7 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KH3SR UT WOS:000510566200001 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Albizua, A Zaga-Mendez, A AF Albizua, Amaia Zaga-Mendez, Alejandra TI Changes in institutional and social-ecological system robustness due to the adoption of large-scale irrigation technology in Navarre (Spain) SO ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY AND GOVERNANCE LA English DT Article; Early Access DE institutions; large-scale irrigation; maladaptation; robustness of social-ecological systems; technological change ID DESIGN PRINCIPLES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; CONSTRAINTS; FRAMEWORK; RIVER; DAMS AB Many regional and national organisations promote the modernisation of agriculture by supporting new technologies to increase their territory's competitiveness in a free-market context. Such technologies and their associated intensive land management practices are geared towards obtaining higher yields. However, their application also entails changes in water and land management institutions, which could alter interactions among multiple components of the agrarian social-ecological system and potentially weaken the system. Here, we assess how these components and their relations change in a village situated in Navarre (Spain) after the uptake of large-scale irrigation infrastructure. Specifically, we analyse such changes by comparing how the design principles for robust social-ecological systems manifest before and after the adoption of large-scale irrigation. Our findings indicate that an unequal distribution of water and land induces some farmers to abandon their agrarian activities. Our case study also shows how irrigation communities have partially lost their autonomy to self-organise and make agrarian management-related decisions. We suggest that the adoption of large-scale irrigation in this region contributes to a decrease in cooperation among resource users, and between users and infrastructure providers. This is due to a decline in the capacity to achieve collective-choice arrangements and higher external control and monitoring of water use. We argue that the current agrarian management changes may damage social-ecological system robustness and affect the sustainable use of common-pool resources, leading farmers to maladaptation to climate and market variability. C1 [Albizua, Amaia] Univ Basque Country, BC3, Sci Campus,Sede Bldg 1,1st Floor, Leioa 48940, Spain. [Zaga-Mendez, Alejandra] Univ Quebec Outaouais, Inst Temperate Forest Sci, Ripon, PQ, Canada. RP Albizua, A (reprint author), Univ Basque Country, BC3, Sci Campus,Sede Bldg 1,1st Floor, Leioa 48940, Spain. EM amaia.albizua@bc3research.org RI Albizua, Amaia/D-4840-2012 OI Albizua, Amaia/0000-0001-8381-5288 FU Ministerio de economia y competitividadSpanish Government; Seventh Framework ProgrammeEuropean Union (EU) [264465]; Basque Centre for Climate Change; Eusko Jaurlaritza FX Ministerio de economia y competitividad, Grant/Award Number: Maria de Maeztu excellence accreditation MDM-2017; Eusko Jaurlaritza; Seventh Framework Programme, Grant/Award Number: 264465; Basque Centre for Climate Change NR 61 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY PERIODICALS, INC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA ONE MONTGOMERY ST, SUITE 1200, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94104 USA SN 1756-932X EI 1756-9338 J9 ENVIRON POLICY GOV JI Environ. Policy Gov. DI 10.1002/eet.1882 EA FEB 2020 PG 15 WC Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KH2KC UT WOS:000510474700001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Zenni, RD da Cunha, WL Musso, C de Souza, JV Nardoto, GB Miranda, HS AF Zenni, Rafael D. da Cunha, Wanderson L. Musso, Carolina de Souza, Jocemara V. Nardoto, Gabriela B. Miranda, Heloisa S. TI Synergistic impacts of co-occurring invasive grasses cause persistent effects in the soil-plant system after selective removal SO FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article; Early Access DE biological invasions; Brazilian Cerrado; invasive non-native species; Melinis minutiflora; neotropical savanna; plant-soil feedback; Urochloa decumbens ID MELINIS-MINUTIFLORA; SEED BANK; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; NATIVE VEGETATION; CERRADO; SAVANNA; BIOMASS; ALIEN AB Human influence on the environment is so extensive that virtually all ecosystems on the planet are now affected by biological invasions. And, often, ecosystems are invaded by multiple co-occurring non-native species. Hence, it is important to understand the impacts these invasions are producing on biodiversity and ecosystem processes. Here, we present results of a 2-year long field experiment where we tested the effects of co-occurring invasive C-4 African grasses in a Cerrado area in central Brazil. We compared plant and arthropod communities, plant biomass, and soil nitrogen dynamics and soil chemical characteristics across five experimental treatments: Urochloa decumbens removal; Melinis minutiflora removal; both U. decumbens and M. minutiflora removal; U. decumbens and M. minutiflora invaded plots; and uninvaded Cerrado. We hypothesized that selective removal of invasive grasses would have distinct effects on the native ecosystem structure and functioning. We expected that each invasive grass would produce a different type of impact on the native ecosystem and that their impacts would be synergistic when co-occurring. Removal of M. minutiflora doubled native plant diversity and biomass when compared to invaded plots, whereas removal of U. decumbens did not alter these parameters. Cerrado plots had four times more plant species than plots cleared of invasives. Removal of invasive grasses did not affect the species richness or community composition of soil epigeal fauna. Cerrado soils had lower fertility, organic matter content and pH than invaded soils. The effects were generally higher when both invasive grasses were removed, suggesting impacts were synergistic, but M. minutiflora had greater effects on plants and soils than U. decumbens. Both invasive species produced negative impacts, but a single species was the main driver. We also detected persistent effects of the invasive grass species on the ecosystem after 2 years of removal. We conclude that invasive species of the same functional group have similar types of effects in native ecosystems, but the magnitude of impact was largely dependent on invasive species biomass and cover. Where multiple invasive species are present, research and management of invaded ecosystems should tackle the interacting effects of co-occurring invaders. C1 [Zenni, Rafael D.] Univ Fed Lavras, Dept Biol, Setor Ecol, Lavras, Brazil. [da Cunha, Wanderson L.; Nardoto, Gabriela B.; Miranda, Heloisa S.] Univ Brasilia, Inst Ciencias Biol, Programa Posgrad Ecol, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [Musso, Carolina; de Souza, Jocemara V.; Nardoto, Gabriela B.; Miranda, Heloisa S.] Univ Brasilia, Inst Ciencias Biol, Dept Ecol, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. RP Zenni, RD (reprint author), Univ Fed Lavras, Dept Biol, Setor Ecol, Lavras, Brazil. EM rafael.zenni@ufla.br RI Nardoto, Gabriela Bielefeld/J-7459-2012; Miranda, Heloisa S/H-7833-2015 OI Nardoto, Gabriela Bielefeld/0000-0001-8062-7417; Miranda, Heloisa S/0000-0003-1417-4215; Zenni, Rafael/0000-0002-4315-7986 FU Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e TecnologicoNational Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) [400196/2014-0] FX Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico, Grant/Award Number: 400196/2014-0 NR 55 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0269-8463 EI 1365-2435 J9 FUNCT ECOL JI Funct. Ecol. DI 10.1111/1365-2435.13524 EA FEB 2020 PG 11 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KH2ZJ UT WOS:000510515900001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Muthukrishnan, R Larkin, DJ AF Muthukrishnan, Ranjan Larkin, Daniel J. TI Invasive species and biotic homogenization in temperate aquatic plant communities SO GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND BIOGEOGRAPHY LA English DT Article; Early Access DE aquatic macrophytes; beta-diversity; biotic homogenization; invasive species; lake; native species ID HABITAT DISTURBANCE; ECOLOGICAL IMPACTS; BIODIVERSITY LOSS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; WATER-QUALITY; MAJOR CAUSE; SCALE; CONSEQUENCES; MACROPHYTES; MECHANISMS AB Aim Biotic homogenization (BH), a reduction in the distinctness of species composition between geographically separated ecological communities in a region, is an important but underappreciated potential consequence of biological invasions. While BH theory has always considered invasions, it has generally been in a relatively narrow context that the cosmopolitan nature of invasive species increases BH because of their shared presence across many locations. We sought to evaluate this component of BH as well as broader effects of invasive species on BH through changes in native communities, including overall reductions in species richness or shifts in species composition. Location Minnesota, USA. Time period 2002-2014. Major taxa studied Aquatic macrophytes, including both vascular plants and attached macroalgae. Methods We used surveys of aquatic macrophyte communities from 1,102 shallow lakes in Minnesota, USA (including 248 lakes with repeated surveys) to evaluate relationships between invasion, native species and BH. Results We found that the presence of invasive species was associated with BH and that this pattern was reflected in both the total community (i.e., with invasive species included) and in the composition of the native species community alone. We found that invaded lakes were more compositionally similar to each other than uninvaded lakes, but that both groups were becoming more similar over time-despite neither group exhibiting declines in species richness. This pattern was largely driven by shifts in the native community itself, with common species becoming more widespread and rare species becoming rarer. Main conclusions Invasive species increase measures of community similarity through their own presence in multiple locations, and also by influencing the composition of native species. These patterns have important implications for conservation and management and suggest that BH should be considered more widely in evaluating the impacts of biological invasions and developing response strategies. C1 [Muthukrishnan, Ranjan; Larkin, Daniel J.] Univ Minnesota Twin Cities, Dept Fisheries Wildlife & Conservat Biol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Muthukrishnan, Ranjan; Larkin, Daniel J.] Univ Minnesota Twin Cities, Minnesota Aquat Invas Species Res Ctr, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Muthukrishnan, Ranjan] Indiana Univ, Environm Resilience Inst, Bloomington, IN USA. RP Muthukrishnan, R (reprint author), Univ Minnesota Twin Cities, Dept Fisheries Wildlife & Conservat Biol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.; Muthukrishnan, R (reprint author), Univ Minnesota Twin Cities, Minnesota Aquat Invas Species Res Ctr, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM mrunj@iu.edu FU Minnesota Aquatic Invasive Species Research Center from the Minnesota Environment and Natural Resources Trust Fund FX Minnesota Aquatic Invasive Species Research Center from the Minnesota Environment and Natural Resources Trust Fund NR 85 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1466-822X EI 1466-8238 J9 GLOBAL ECOL BIOGEOGR JI Glob. Ecol. Biogeogr. DI 10.1111/geb.13053 EA FEB 2020 PG 12 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography GA KH4YV UT WOS:000510655800001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Sauvadet, M Saj, S Freschet, GT Essobo, JD Enock, S Becquer, T Tixier, P Harmand, JM AF Sauvadet, Marie Saj, Stephane Freschet, Gregoire T. Essobo, Jean-Daniel Enock, Seguy Becquer, Thierry Tixier, Philippe Harmand, Jean-Michel TI Cocoa agroforest multifunctionality and soil fertility explained by shade tree litter traits SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY LA English DT Article; Early Access DE agroecosystem multifunctionality; agroforestry; cacao tree; fertility; litter recalcitrance; plant functional traits; shade type; soil functions ID FUNCTIONAL TRAITS; DECOMPOSITION; FOREST; BIODIVERSITY; SYSTEMS; CACAO; AGROECOSYSTEMS; SEQUESTRATION; DIVERSITY; INFERENCE AB Manipulating plant functional diversity to improve agroecosystem multifunctionality is a central challenge of agricultural systems world-wide. In cocoa agroforestry systems (cAFS), shade trees are used to supply many services to farmers, yet their impact on soil functioning and cocoa yields is likely to vary substantially among tree species. Here we compared the impact of five shade tree species (Canarium schweinfurthii (Canarium), Dacryodes edulis (Safou), Milicia excelsa (Iroko), Ceiba pentandra (Kapok tree), Albizia adianthifolia (Albizia)) and unshaded conditions on the functioning of poor sandy savanna soils within eight cocoa farms in Central Cameroon. We assessed the effects of plant functional traits, leaf litterfall and fine root biomass on a range of soil functions and on cocoa yield. Shade trees generally improved soil pH, NH4+, NO3- and Olsen P content, biomass production of bioassays and soil total C and N content, while leaving cocoa yields unchanged. However, these effects varied largely among species. Improvements of soil functions were low under the two fruit trees (Canarium and Dacryodes), medium under the legume tree Albizia and high under the two timber trees (Milicia and Ceiba). Low litter recalcitrance was most strongly associated with increases in soil fertility indicators such as N and P availability, whereas soil C and N content increased with litter Ca restitution. Synthesis and applications. We demonstrate that cocoa agroforest multifunctionality is substantially influenced by the functional traits of shade tree species. Shade tree species with the most dissimilar traits to cocoa (cocoa showing the lowest leaf litter quality) showed the largest improvement of soil functions. Therefore, selection of shade trees based on their functional traits appears as a promising practice to adequately manage soil functioning. In order to fully assess the beneficial role of shade trees in these agroecosystems. Future research will need to extend this approach to other below-ground traits and other aspects of multifunctionality such as long-term cocoa health and yield. C1 [Sauvadet, Marie; Becquer, Thierry; Harmand, Jean-Michel] Univ Montpellier, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, IRD,CIRAD,Eco&Sols, Montpellier, France. [Saj, Stephane] Univ Montpellier, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, CIRAD,Syst, Kourou, France. [Saj, Stephane] CIRAD, UMR Syst, Montpellier, France. [Freschet, Gregoire T.] Univ Montpellier, Univ Paul Valery Montpellier, EPHE, IRD,Ctr Ecol Fonct & Evolut,CNRS, Montpellier, France. [Freschet, Gregoire T.] Paul Sabatier Univ, CNRS, Theoret & Expt Ecol Stn, Moulis, France. [Essobo, Jean-Daniel; Enock, Seguy; Harmand, Jean-Michel] World Agroforestry ICRAF, West & Cent Africa Reg Program, Yaounde, Cameroon. [Tixier, Philippe] Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, GECO, Montpellier, France. [Tixier, Philippe] CIRAD, UPR GECO, Montpellier, France. [Harmand, Jean-Michel] CIRAD, UMR Eco&Sols, Yaounde, Cameroon. [Sauvadet, Marie] Univ Toronto, Dept Phys & Environm Sci, Toronto, ON, Canada. RP Sauvadet, M (reprint author), Univ Montpellier, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, IRD,CIRAD,Eco&Sols, Montpellier, France. EM sauvadem@gmail.com RI Tixier, Philippe/C-2119-2008 OI Tixier, Philippe/0000-0001-5147-9777; Sauvadet, Marie/0000-0002-7520-8565 FU Agropolis Fondation, STRADIV Project [1504-003] FX Agropolis Fondation, STRADIV Project, Grant/Award Number: 1504-003 NR 57 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0021-8901 EI 1365-2664 J9 J APPL ECOL JI J. Appl. Ecol. DI 10.1111/1365-2664.13560 EA FEB 2020 PG 12 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KH2RH UT WOS:000510494500001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Pineda, A Kaplan, I Hannula, SE Ghanem, W Bezemer, TM AF Pineda, Ana Kaplan, Ian Hannula, S. Emilia Ghanem, Wadih Bezemer, T. Martijn TI Conditioning the soil microbiome through plant-soil feedbacks suppresses an aboveground insect pest SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Article; Early Access DE below-aboveground; herbivores; microbe-plant-insect interactions; microbiome-induced systemic resistance; plant-soil-insect feedbacks; soil microbiomes; sustainability; thrips ID COMMUNITY COMPOSITION; FUNGAL COMMUNITY; CHLOROGENIC ACID; RESISTANCE; BIODIVERSITY; BENEFITS; DISEASE; THRIPS; COSTS AB Soils and their microbiomes are now recognized as key components of plant health, but how to steer those microbiomes to obtain their beneficial functions is still unknown. Here, we assess whether plant-soil feedbacks can be applied in a crop system to shape soil microbiomes that suppress herbivorous insects in above-ground tissues. We used four grass and four forb species to condition living soil. Then we inoculated those soil microbiomes into sterilized soil and grew chrysanthemum as a focal plant. We evaluated the soil microbiome in the inocula and after chrysanthemum growth, as well as plant and herbivore parameters. We show that inocula and inoculated soil in which a focal plant had grown harbor remarkably different microbiomes, with the focal plant exerting a strong negative effect on fungi, especially arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Soil inoculation consistently induced resistance against the thrips Frankliniella occidentalis, but not against the mite Tetranychus urticae, when compared with sterilized soil. Additionally, plant species shaped distinct microbiomes that had different effects on thrips, chlorogenic acid concentrations in leaves and plant growth. This study provides a proof-of-concept that the plant-soil feedback concept can be applied to steer soil microbiomes with the goal of inducing resistance above ground against herbivorous insects. C1 [Pineda, Ana; Kaplan, Ian; Hannula, S. Emilia; Ghanem, Wadih; Bezemer, T. Martijn] Netherlands Inst Ecol NIOO KNAW, Dept Terr Ecol, NL-6700 AB Wageningen, Netherlands. [Kaplan, Ian; Ghanem, Wadih] Purdue Univ, Dept Entomol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Bezemer, T. Martijn] Leiden Univ, Sect Plant Ecol & Phytochem, Inst Biol, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. RP Pineda, A (reprint author), Netherlands Inst Ecol NIOO KNAW, Dept Terr Ecol, NL-6700 AB Wageningen, Netherlands. EM a.pineda@nioo.knaw.nl RI ; Bezemer, Martijn/A-4068-2009; PINEDA, ANA/D-1397-2011 OI Kaplan, Ian/0000-0003-4469-2750; Bezemer, Martijn/0000-0002-2878-3479; PINEDA, ANA/0000-0003-3854-5674 FU Netherlands Organisation for Scientific ResearchNetherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO); Biobest Group NV; Landelijke commissie (LC) Chrysant; Wageningen University Business Unit Glasshouse Horticulture Bleiswijk (NWO Groen) [870.15.080, 865.14.006]; KNAW; NWONetherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO); The Graduate School for Production Ecology & Resource Conservation FX This work was funded by the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research, in collaboration with Biobest Group NV, Landelijke commissie (LC) Chrysant, and Wageningen University Business Unit Glasshouse Horticulture Bleiswijk (NWO Groen, grant no. 870.15.080 and Vici grant no. 865.14.006). IK was funded by sabbatical grants from KNAW, NWO and The Graduate School for Production Ecology & Resource Conservation. We thank the following people for providing materials and advise: A. Post from Deliflor for the chrysanthemum cuttings, T. Snoeren from Hazera for the thrips to start our own colony, and S. Legarrea and M. Kant for the mites. We also thank S. van den Brande, Y. Li, M. van der Sluis, R. Heinen and especially H-K. Ma for their help during the experiments. Sequencing of the samples was performed in collaboration with McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Canada. We also thank the three anonymous reviewers for their insightful comments on a previous version. NR 63 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 9 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0028-646X EI 1469-8137 J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. DI 10.1111/nph.16385 EA FEB 2020 PG 14 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA KH2ZU UT WOS:000510517000001 PM 31863484 OA Bronze DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Prudent, M Dequiedt, S Sorin, C Girodet, S Nowak, V Duc, G Salon, C Maron, PA AF Prudent, Marion Dequiedt, Samuel Sorin, Camille Girodet, Sylvie Nowak, Virginie Duc, Gerard Salon, Christophe Maron, Pierre-Alain TI The diversity of soil microbial communities matters when legumes face drought SO PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article; Early Access DE agroecology; diversity erosion; microbial diversity; Pisum sativum; plant-microbe interactions; resilience; soil; water stress ID PISUM-SATIVUM-L; SELF-ORGANIZATION; PLANT-GROWTH; PEA; BIODIVERSITY; NITROGEN; BACTERIAL; DECOMPOSITION; PRODUCTIVITY; CONSEQUENCES AB The cultivation of legumes shows promise for the development of sustainable agriculture, but yield instability remains one of the main obstacles for its adoption. Here, we tested whether the yield stability (i.e., resistance and resilience) of pea plants subjected to drought could be enhanced by soil microbial diversity. We used a dilution approach to manipulate the microbial diversity, with a genotype approach to distinguish the effect of symbionts from that of microbial diversity as a whole. We investigated the physiology of plants in response to drought when grown on a soil containing high or low level of microbial diversity. Plants grown under high microbial diversity displayed higher productivity and greater resilience after drought. Yield losses were mitigated by 15% on average in the presence of high soil microbial diversity at sowing. Our study provides proof of concept that the soil microbial community as a whole plays a key role for yield stability after drought even in plant species living in relationships with microbial symbionts. These results emphasize the need to restore soil biodiversity for sustainable crop management and climate change adaptation. C1 [Prudent, Marion; Dequiedt, Samuel; Sorin, Camille; Girodet, Sylvie; Nowak, Virginie; Duc, Gerard; Salon, Christophe; Maron, Pierre-Alain] Univ Bourgogne Franche Comte, INRAE, Agroecol, AgroSup Dijon, F-21000 Dijon, France. RP Prudent, M (reprint author), Univ Bourgogne Franche Comte, INRAE, Agroecol, AgroSup Dijon, F-21000 Dijon, France. EM marion.prudent@dijon.inra.fr RI Marion, PRUDENT/A-6132-2010 OI Marion, PRUDENT/0000-0003-4696-2558 FU FUI Eauptic; University of Burgundy-Franche-Comte FX FUI Eauptic; University of Burgundy-FrancheComte NR 72 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0140-7791 EI 1365-3040 J9 PLANT CELL ENVIRON JI Plant Cell Environ. DI 10.1111/pce.13712 EA FEB 2020 PG 13 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA KH4EC UT WOS:000510595900001 PM 31884709 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Di Sabatino, A Cicolani, B Miccoli, FP Cristiano, G AF Di Sabatino, Antonio Cicolani, Bruno Miccoli, Francesco Paolo Cristiano, Giovanni TI Plant detritus origin and microbial-detritivore interactions affect leaf litter breakdown in a Central Apennine (Italy) cold spring SO AQUATIC ECOLOGY LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Spring habitat; Detritus breakdown; Litter bags; Black poplar; Common reed; Macroinvertebrates; Detritivore colonization; Microbial decomposition ID MACROINVERTEBRATE ASSEMBLAGES; FOOD WEBS; STREAM; DECOMPOSITION; DIVERSITY; RIPARIAN; BIODIVERSITY; COLONIZATION; METAANALYSIS; DEGRADATION AB The decomposition of dead organic matter is a key process for the metabolism and functioning of lotic ecosystems. Particulate organic matter from fallen leaves is the main source of energy input also in forested springs. However, detritus processing in spring habitats has been rarely investigated. The present paper is aimed to assess, for the first time, the influence of detritus origin on leaf litter breakdown in a hydrologically, thermally and chemically stable cold spring and to evaluate the relative contribution of microorganisms and invertebrate detritivores to the decomposition process. For this purpose, we used leaves of the native black poplar (Populus nigra) and the invasive common reed (Phragmites australis) enclosed in leaf-bags of different mesh sizes. We demonstrated that leaf detritus of native black poplar decomposed twofold faster than the invasive common reed. We also found that the percentage of dry mass loss was significantly higher in medium/coarse litter bags compared to fine ones. However, microorganisms alone in fine mesh bags were able to decompose about 80% (poplar) and 60% (common reed) of the initial dry mass. No substantial differences were detected in structure, composition and functional organization of assemblages colonizing poplar and common reed leaf-bags. Therefore, differences in microbial activity and microbial/detritivore interactions rather than composition, diversity and abundance of the detritivore guild could better explain the faster breakdown of native leaves. Our results suggest that the substitution of natural riparian vegetation with invasive low-quality leaf plant species will have severe impacts on spring ecosystems. Alterations of structural and functional attributes of springs will be strictly related to the specific characteristics of plant invaders and to local conditions which may influence the detritivore/microbial contribution to leaf litter decomposition/breakdown. C1 [Di Sabatino, Antonio; Cristiano, Giovanni] Univ Aquila, Dept Life Hlth & Environm Sci, Via Vetoio, I-67100 Laquila, Italy. [Cicolani, Bruno; Miccoli, Francesco Paolo] Univ Aquila, Dept Civil Construct Architecture & Environm Engn, Via G Gronchi 18, I-67100 Laquila, Italy. RP Di Sabatino, A (reprint author), Univ Aquila, Dept Life Hlth & Environm Sci, Via Vetoio, I-67100 Laquila, Italy. EM antonio.disabatino@univaq.it FU Regione Abruzzo [DPC-024] FX We are grateful to two anonymous reviewers whose helpful comments improved the text. The research was in part funded by a grant from the Regione Abruzzo (DPC-024). NR 51 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1386-2588 EI 1573-5125 J9 AQUAT ECOL JI Aquat. Ecol. DI 10.1007/s10452-020-09755-z EA FEB 2020 PG 10 WC Ecology; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA KH1TH UT WOS:000510428500001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Hiller, T Brandel, SD Honner, B Page, RA Tschapka, M AF Hiller, Thomas Braendel, Stefan Dominik Honner, Benjamin Page, Rachel A. Tschapka, Marco TI Parasitization of bats by bat flies (Streblidae) in fragmented habitats SO BIOTROPICA LA English DT Article; Early Access DE bat flies; bats; Central America; ectoparasites; habitat fragmentation; Streblidae ID TENT-MAKING BAT; NEOTROPICAL BATS; DIPTERA STREBLIDAE; PHYLLOSTOMID BATS; CAROLLIA-PERSPICILLATA; ROOST FIDELITY; FRUIT BATS; GROUP-SIZE; HOST; PARASITE AB Parasites represent a large fraction of the world's biodiversity. They control host population sizes and contribute to ecosystem functioning. However, surveys on species diversity rarely include parasitic species. Bats often present traits favoring parasite diversity, such as large home ranges, long life spans, and large colonies. The most conspicuous bat parasites are the highly host-specific, blood-sucking bat flies (Diptera: Streblidae, Nycteribiidae). Recent studies have found a direct effect of habitat alteration on the abundance of bat species. We expected, therefore, that changes in the host community in response to anthropogenic habitat modification will also result in changes in the associated parasite community. We captured bats in three different habitats in Central Panama between 2013 and 2015. We recorded information on prevalence and intensity of bat fly parasitization of the seven most commonly captured bat species. Prevalence and intensity were both significantly influenced by roost type, abundance, and host sex and age. We found that habitat variables and matrix type significantly influenced the prevalence and intensity of parasitization, while the direction of the responses was host species- and parasite species-specific. In general, roosting conditions and behavior of host bats appear to be fundamental in explaining changes in prevalence and intensity of parasitization between different habitat types, as bat flies are bound to the roost during their reproductive cycle. Habitat alterations affect next to the host community composition also the availability of possible roost structures as well as microclimatic conditions, which all three reflect in parasitization. in Spanish is available with online material. C1 [Hiller, Thomas; Braendel, Stefan Dominik; Honner, Benjamin; Tschapka, Marco] Univ Ulm, Inst Evolutionary Ecol & Conservat Genom, Albert Einstein Allee 11, D-89081 Ulm, Germany. [Hiller, Thomas; Braendel, Stefan Dominik; Page, Rachel A.; Tschapka, Marco] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. RP Hiller, T (reprint author), Univ Ulm, Inst Evolutionary Ecol & Conservat Genom, Albert Einstein Allee 11, D-89081 Ulm, Germany. EM thomas.hiller@alumni.uni-ulm.de OI Tschapka, Marco/0000-0001-9511-6775 FU Deutsche ForschungsgemeinschaftGerman Research Foundation (DFG) [SPP 1596, TS 81/6-1] FX Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Grant/Award Number: SPP 1596 Grant TS 81/6-1 NR 106 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0006-3606 EI 1744-7429 J9 BIOTROPICA JI Biotropica DI 10.1111/btp.12757 EA FEB 2020 PG 14 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KH2FW UT WOS:000510463100001 OA Other Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Schimann, H Vleminckx, J Baraloto, C Engel, J Jaouen, G Louisanna, E Manzi, S Sagne, A Roy, M AF Schimann, Heidy Vleminckx, Jason Baraloto, Christopher Engel, Julien Jaouen, Gaelle Louisanna, Eliane Manzi, Sophie Sagne, Audrey Roy, Melanie TI Tree communities and soil properties influence fungal community assembly in neotropical forests SO BIOTROPICA LA English DT Article; Early Access DE communities; composition; diversity; habitat; lowland neotropical rain forest; macrofungi; soil properties; trees ID ECTOMYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; SPECIES RICHNESS; PLANT DIVERSITY; BIODIVERSITY; PATTERNS; PHENOLOGY; CHEMISTRY; PROTISTS; MATRICES AB The influence exerted by tree communities, topography, and soil chemistry on the assembly of macrofungal communities remains poorly understood, especially in highly diverse tropical forests. Here, we used a large dataset that combines inventories of macrofungal Basidiomycetes fruiting bodies, tree species composition, and measurements for 16 soil physicochemical parameters, collected in 34 plots located in four sites of lowland rain forests in French Guiana. Plots were established on three different topographical conditions: hilltop, slope, and seasonally flooded soils. We found hyperdiverse Basidiomycetes communities, mainly comprising members of Agaricales and Polyporales. Phosphorus, clay contents, and base saturation in soils strongly varied across plots and shaped the richness and composition of tree communities. The latter composition explained 23% of the variation in the composition of macrofungal communities, probably through high heterogeneity of the litter chemistry and selective effects of biotic interactions. The high local heterogeneity of habitats influenced the distribution of both macrofungi and trees, as a result of diversed local soil hydromorphic conditions associated with contrasting soil chemistry. This first regional study across habitats of French Guiana forests revealed new niches for macrofungi, such as ectomycorrhizal ones, and illustrates how macrofungi inventories are still paramount to can be to understand the processes at work in the tropics. in Spanish is available with online material. C1 [Schimann, Heidy; Louisanna, Eliane; Sagne, Audrey] Univ Guyane, Univ Antilles, INRA EcoFoG AgroParisTech, CNRS,CIRAD,INRA, Kourou, France. [Vleminckx, Jason; Baraloto, Christopher] Florida Int Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Engel, Julien] Univ Montpellier, INRA, IRD, AMAP,CIRAD,CNRS, Montpellier, France. [Jaouen, Gaelle] Univ Guyane, Univ Antilles, AgroParisTech EcoFoG AgroParisTech, CNRS,CIRAD,INRA, Kourou, France. [Manzi, Sophie; Roy, Melanie] Univ Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, Lab Evolut & Divers Biol, CNRS, UMR 5174 UPS CNRS ENFA IRD, Toulouse, France. RP Schimann, H (reprint author), Univ Guyane, Univ Antilles, INRA EcoFoG AgroParisTech, CNRS,CIRAD,INRA, Kourou, France. EM heidy.schimann@ecofog.gf OI Schimann, Heidy/0000-0002-9139-920X FU Agence Nationale de la RechercheFrench National Research Agency (ANR) [ANR-10-LABX-25-01] FX Agence Nationale de la Recherche, Grant/Award Number: ANR-10-LABX-25-01 NR 89 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0006-3606 EI 1744-7429 J9 BIOTROPICA JI Biotropica DI 10.1111/btp.12747 EA FEB 2020 PG 13 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KH2JJ UT WOS:000510472700001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Djuideu, TCL Bisseleua, DHB Kekeunou, S Meupia, MJ Difouo, FG Ambele, CF AF Djuideu, T. C. L. Bisseleua, D. H. B. Kekeunou, S. Meupia, M. J. Difouo, F. G. Ambele, C. F. TI Plant community composition and functional characteristics define invasion and infestation of termites in cocoa agroforestry systems SO AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Agroforestry; Agroecological knowledge; Biodiversity performance; Cocoa yield; Cultural diversity; Emergent pests ID HUMID FOREST ZONE; SHADE-TREE MANAGEMENT; BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION; THEOBROMA-CACAO; SPECIES RICHNESS; FOOD-PRODUCTION; INSECT PESTS; DIVERSITY; CULTIVATION; INTENSIFICATION AB The effects of farm management on non-native species and the structure and function of native communities and ecosystems on crop yield is poorly documented especially in the cocoa agroforestry systems of West Africa. We assessed termite damages, cocoa plantations structural characteristic and local farmer knowledge to refine the critical role of shade trees management on subterranean crops pests and the consequences on marketable yield in five cocoa agroforestry systems. Farmers recognized termites as the most damaging subterranean pests and clearly described the type of damages they cause on cocoa trees and seedlings. Complete shade removal or very heavy shade on very old cocoa trees were responsible of the invasion of termites with negative effect on marketable yield. Some tree species, specifically fruit tree species planted in high proportion or solely may act as termite attractants and reservoirs by facilitating the building of galleries on cocoa trees. Many plant parts from roots to pods are preferred by termites with higher incidence on stems (52%), roots (34%) and young branches (27%). Damages on plant parts varied significantly with shade management. We found that the relationship between yield and the infestation of termites was weak in unshaded systems and very strong under shaded systems. We also found that the sales of agroforestry products significantly contribute to offset yield loss due to termite infestations. We conclude that intermediate shaded cocoa agroforestry systems with a diversity of shade trees will limit the outbreaks of termites. The intermediate shaded systems provide agroforestry products that offset marketable yield loss due to termites with positive impacts on income and the sustainability of cocoa production. C1 [Djuideu, T. C. L.; Kekeunou, S.; Meupia, M. J.; Difouo, F. G.] Univ Yaounde I, Zool Lab, Fac Sci, Yaounde, Cameroon. [Bisseleua, D. H. B.] World Cocoa Fdn, 4 Blackberries St,East Legon PMB 217, Accra, Ghana. [Ambele, C. F.] Int Ctr Insect Physiol & Ecol, Nairobi, Kenya. [Ambele, C. F.] Northwest Univ, Fac Agr Sci & Technol, Food Secur & Safety, Mmabatho, South Africa. RP Bisseleua, DHB (reprint author), World Cocoa Fdn, 4 Blackberries St,East Legon PMB 217, Accra, Ghana. EM herve.bisseleua@worldcocoa.org FU Volkswagen FoundationVolkswagen [VW-60420894] FX This study is part of the fellowship project (VW-60420894) of BDHB funded by the Volkswagen Foundation. We thank the Volkswagen foundation for the financial assistance provided to the first author for field work and for various analyses. We are particularly grateful to the staff of the Institut de Recherche Agricole pour le Development (IRAD) for their support and hospitality. We are also grateful to Mr Essono of the Department of Plant Biology and Physiology of the University of Yaounde for his support in plant identification. We also thank the Cameroonian cocoa farmers who made their plantations available to us and for their help and support during field work. NR 70 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-4366 EI 1572-9680 J9 AGROFOREST SYST JI Agrofor. Syst. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 94 IS 1 BP 185 EP 201 DI 10.1007/s10457-019-00380-w PG 17 WC Agronomy; Forestry SC Agriculture; Forestry GA KI5XT UT WOS:000511423800016 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Reppin, S Kuyah, S de Neergaard, A Oelofse, M Rosenstock, TS AF Reppin, Saskia Kuyah, Shem de Neergaard, Andreas Oelofse, Myles Rosenstock, Todd S. TI Contribution of agroforestry to climate change mitigation and livelihoods in Western Kenya SO AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Aboveground biomass; Carbon stocks; On-farm trees; Species diversity; Trade-off ID ABOVEGROUND TREE BIOMASS; CARBON-SEQUESTRATION; ALLOMETRIC EQUATIONS; GAS EMISSIONS; SYSTEMS; BIODIVERSITY; SMALLHOLDER; STRATEGIES; MANAGEMENT; STORAGE AB We test the hypothesis that agroforestry improves livelihoods and mitigates climate change in smallholder farming systems simultaneously. Data were collected using household surveys and standard biomass assessment approaches using locally relevant allometric equations. Summary statistics and regression analyses reveal linkages between on-farm carbon stocks and farm- and household characteristics. With an average of 4.07 +/- 0.68 Mg C ha(-1) and Shannon diversity index of 3.06, farm carbon stocks were significantly associated with farm size (r = 0.453, p < 0.05), tree density (r = - 0.58, p = 0.05) and the average size of trees on farm (r = - 0.42, p = 0.05), but not by Shannon diversity index (r = 0.36, p = 0.080), species richness (r = - 0.044, p = 0.833) or the number of land use categories (r = - 0.192, p = 0.356). Timber was considered the most important use of on-farm trees before firewood and construction material. The results suggest that gaining self-sufficiency in firewood is the most important benefit with on-farm carbon accumulation. The focus on exotic species for timber production presents a considerable trade-off between livelihood options and environmental goals. Heterogeneity in local environmental conditions over very short distances, less than 12 km, significantly determine livelihood strategies and on-farm carbon stocks. These results ostensibly contradict that carbon storage in smallholder farms is determined by diversity of tree species, suggest that livelihood strategy can equally drive carbon storage and demonstrate the diversity of livelihood and environmental benefits derived from trees on farms. C1 [Reppin, Saskia; de Neergaard, Andreas; Oelofse, Myles] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Plant & Environm Sci, Fac Sci, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark. [Reppin, Saskia; Rosenstock, Todd S.] World Agroforestry Ctr ICRAF, POB 30677-00100,UN Ave, Nairobi, Kenya. [Kuyah, Shem] Jomo Kenyatta Univ Agr & Technol, Dept Bot, POB 62000-00200, Nairobi, Kenya. [Kuyah, Shem] Inst Crop Sci & Resource Conservat INRES Hort Sci, Hugel 6, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Rosenstock, Todd S.] CGIAR Res Program Climate Change Agr & Food Secur, POB 30677-00100,UN Ave, Nairobi, Kenya. [de Neergaard, Andreas] Univ Copenhagen, Fac Social Sci, Oster Farimagsgade 5, DK-1353 Copenhagen, Denmark. RP Kuyah, S (reprint author), Jomo Kenyatta Univ Agr & Technol, Dept Bot, POB 62000-00200, Nairobi, Kenya. EM kuyashem@gmail.com FU CGIAR Trust Fund; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation through the International Climate Protection FellowshipAlexander von Humboldt Foundation FX We thank the farmers of Nyando for opening their farms and homes to our inquiries. This work was implemented as part of the CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS)'s Standard Assessment of Mitigation Potential and Livelihoods in Smallholder Systems Project (SAMPLES), which is carried out with support from the CGIAR Trust Fund and through bilateral funding agreements. For details please visit http://ccafs.cgiar.org/donors.The views expressed in this document cannot be taken to reflect the official opinions of these organizations. Shem Kuyah acknowledges the support of Alexander von Humboldt Foundation through the International Climate Protection Fellowship. He also acknowledges his host Prof. E. Luedeling, and the enabling environment enjoyed at the Institute of Crop Sciences and Resource Conservation (INRES)-Horticultural Science. NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-4366 EI 1572-9680 J9 AGROFOREST SYST JI Agrofor. Syst. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 94 IS 1 BP 203 EP 220 DI 10.1007/s10457-019-00383-7 PG 18 WC Agronomy; Forestry SC Agriculture; Forestry GA KI5XT UT WOS:000511423800017 OA Other Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Palei, HS Debata, S Sahu, HK AF Palei, Himanshu Shekhar Debata, Subrat Sahu, Hemanta Kumar TI Diet of sloth bear in an agroforest landscape in eastern India SO AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Melursus ursinus; Diet composition; Feeding ecology; Trophic niche; Cultivated food ID URSUS-ARCTOS; BLACK BEARS; MELURSUS-URSINUS; VULPES-VULPES; NATIONAL-PARK; FOOD-HABITS; ECOLOGY; FOREST; CONSERVATION; BIODIVERSITY AB Sloth bears are one commonly implicated conflict prone animals in agroforest landscape in India. To determine their diet, and understand the possible use of cultivated food, a study was conducted using faecal analyses in an agroforest landscape of northern Odisha, India. In total, 399 scat samples of sloth bears were collected between 2014 and 2016 covering all the seasons. Scats were analysed by their frequency of occurrence, volumetric and their importance values. Diversity indices and trophic niche breadth was also calculated to estimate the seasonal food species richness and similarity in the diet. Sloth bears consumed 15-22 taxa per season, including a number of insects and plant species. Termites were found to be the most consumed and important feed item throughout the year (Importance Value: 21.34-33.94%). Among plants, Ziziphus mauritiana was the important food source during winter (23.33%) and summer (20.29%). Cultivated plants were also consumed throughout the year; higher in monsoon (20.08%) than winter (11.7%) and summer (6.59%). The feed species richness and broader trophic niche breadth were higher during summer and winter respectively. Overall, sloth bears consumed a wide range of feed categories throughout the year and this large spectrum of feed species in the diet confirmed the nature of sloth bears as opportunistic and generalist species. Therefore, management of sloth bear population in an agroforest landscape is dependent on availability of sufficient natural habitats and food species as well as to minimize their dependence on cultivated food. C1 [Palei, Himanshu Shekhar; Sahu, Hemanta Kumar] North Orissa Univ, Dept Zool, Mayurbhanj 757003, Odisha, India. [Debata, Subrat] Aranya Fdn, Plot 625-12, Bhubaneswar 751019, Odisha, India. RP Palei, HS (reprint author), North Orissa Univ, Dept Zool, Mayurbhanj 757003, Odisha, India. EM himanshu.palei@gmail.com NR 69 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-4366 EI 1572-9680 J9 AGROFOREST SYST JI Agrofor. Syst. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 94 IS 1 BP 269 EP 279 DI 10.1007/s10457-019-00389-1 PG 11 WC Agronomy; Forestry SC Agriculture; Forestry GA KI5XT UT WOS:000511423800022 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU George, MV Christopher, G AF George, M. Veena Christopher, G. TI Structure, diversity and utilization of plant species in tribal homegardens of Kerala, India SO AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Agroforestry; Homegardens; Tribal homegardens; Attappady; Western Ghats; Plant diversity ID BARAK VALLEY; GARDENS; MANAGEMENT; DYNAMICS AB Homegardens in traditional agroforestry systems are considered as sustainable production system with multiple functions. Indigenous knowledge of tribal communities associated with their homegardens always contributes in food security and biodiversity conservation. The present study aims at understanding the structural and floristic diversity of the homegardens, and utilization of plant species by the tribal communities in the Attappady valley of Kerala, India. Overall 104 homegardens were sampled randomly for assessing the diversity and the usage of various plant species. Data on indigenous knowledge was collected from tribal owners. Structurally, two types of homegardens were identified from the study area, which characterized by two and four layered vertical canopy strata. A total of 182 plant species belonging to 160 genera and 67 families were recorded from the sample homegardens. Comparing the diversity and distribution of plant species among the three communities, highest was found in the homegardens of Mudugas who are inhabiting the high and medium rainfall zones (Shannon diversity index 2.18) and observed its lowest value in the low rainfall zone where Irula communities live (Shannon diversity index 1.45). The homegardens of the study area has rich diversity and home for many useful plants. Considering the usage, 39% were edible, 24% were ornamental and 25% were medicinal. Hence the study indicates that the tribal homegardens are contributing considerably to food security and livelihoods of tribal communities in the Attappady valley. C1 [George, M. Veena; Christopher, G.] Mahatma Gandhi Univ, ACESSD, Priyadarsini Hills, Kottayam 686560, Kerala, India. RP George, MV (reprint author), Mahatma Gandhi Univ, ACESSD, Priyadarsini Hills, Kottayam 686560, Kerala, India. EM george.veena@gmail.com FU Department of Science and Technology, New Delhi through DST-INSPIRE fellowshipDepartment of Science & Technology (India) FX The research project was funded by Department of Science and Technology, New Delhi through DST-INSPIRE fellowship. We are thankful to Irula tribal field assistants, Pappal and Nanji, for accompanying in our field visits and express our gratitude to various tribal elders for providing necessary information. We thank the external reviewers for their valuable comments that helped to great extend in modifying the manuscript. We are also grateful to Dr. A P Thomas, Director, Advanced Centre of Environmental Studies and Sustainable Development for giving necessary support and encouragement. NR 56 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-4366 EI 1572-9680 J9 AGROFOREST SYST JI Agrofor. Syst. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 94 IS 1 BP 297 EP 307 DI 10.1007/s10457-019-00393-5 PG 11 WC Agronomy; Forestry SC Agriculture; Forestry GA KI5XT UT WOS:000511423800024 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Alcorta, L Swedlund, HJ Smits, J AF Alcorta, Ludovico Swedlund, Haley J. Smits, Jeroen TI Discrimination and ethnic conflict: a dyadic analysis of politically-excluded groups in sub-Saharan Africa SO INTERNATIONAL INTERACTIONS LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Africa; conflict; discrimination; ethnic identity; political exclusion; dyadic analysis ID HORIZONTAL INEQUALITIES; CIVIL-WAR; VIOLENCE; MOBILIZATION; GRIEVANCE; REBEL; GREED; STATE AB The literature on political exclusion and conflict tends to treat grievance-based mechanisms with broad-brush strokes and does not differentiate between types of political exclusion. This study disaggregates politically-excluded groups into two subgroups: groups that experience political discrimination from the state, and groups without political power that are not explicitly discriminated against. We posit that discriminated groups are more likely to experience grievances and therefore are more prone to conflict than excluded groups that are not actively discriminated against. We further posit that the effect of discrimination on conflict is moderated by interactions with economic inequalities and the share of elites. Using dyadic data for 155 ethnic groups in 28 Sub-Saharan African countries, we find that among politically-excluded groups it is indeed discriminated groups that are responsible for most of the association between political exclusion and conflict. Groups that face active, intentional, and targeted discrimination by the state are significantly more likely to be involved in conflict than excluded groups who do not face this explicit form of discrimination. Additionally, we find that discriminated groups who also experience economic inequalities are less likely to engage in conflict, whilst an increased presence of elites within discriminated groups can precipitate the chances of conflict. C1 [Alcorta, Ludovico; Smits, Jeroen] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Swedlund, Haley J.] CICAM, Nijmegen, Netherlands. RP Alcorta, L (reprint author), Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Inst Management Res, Heyendaalseweg 141, NL-6525 AL Nijmegen, Netherlands. EM ludovicoalcorta@gmail.com NR 58 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0305-0629 EI 1547-7444 J9 INT INTERACT JI Int. Interact. DI 10.1080/03050629.2020.1716748 EA FEB 2020 PG 23 WC International Relations SC International Relations GA KJ0KL UT WOS:000511746900001 OA Other Gold, Bronze DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Ashraf, N Bau, N Nunn, N Voena, A AF Ashraf, Nava Bau, Natalie Nunn, Nathan Voena, Alessandra TI Bride Price and Female Education SO JOURNAL OF POLITICAL ECONOMY LA English DT Article ID MARRIAGE; DOWRY; ECONOMICS; POLYGYNY; CULTURE; INVESTMENTS; FERTILITY; CHILDREN; BELIEFS; WOMEN AB We document an important consequence of bride price, a payment made by the groom to the bride's family at marriage. Revisiting Indonesia's school construction program, we find that among ethnic groups without the custom, it had no effect on girls' schooling. Among ethnic groups with the custom, it had large positive effects. We show (theoretically and empirically) that this is because a daughter's education, by increasing the amount of money parents receive at marriage, generates an additional incentive for parents to educate their daughters. We replicate these findings in Zambia, a country that had a similar large-scale school construction program. C1 [Ashraf, Nava] London Sch Econ, London, England. [Ashraf, Nava; Nunn, Nathan; Voena, Alessandra] Bur Res & Econ Anal Dev, London, England. [Bau, Natalie] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. [Bau, Natalie; Voena, Alessandra] Ctr Econ Policy Res, London, England. [Bau, Natalie; Nunn, Nathan] Canadian Inst Adv Res, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Nunn, Nathan] Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Nunn, Nathan; Voena, Alessandra] Natl Bur Econ Res, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Voena, Alessandra] Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Ashraf, N (reprint author), London Sch Econ, London, England.; Ashraf, N (reprint author), Bur Res & Econ Anal Dev, London, England. NR 61 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-3808 EI 1537-534X J9 J POLIT ECON JI J. Polit. Econ. PD FEB 1 PY 2020 VL 128 IS 2 BP 591 EP 641 DI 10.1086/704572 PG 51 WC Economics SC Business & Economics GA KI6MU UT WOS:000511464700006 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Borrell, JS Dodsworth, S Forest, F Perez-Escobar, OA Lee, MA Mattana, E Stevenson, PC Howes, MJR Pritchard, HW Ballesteros, D Kusumoto, B Ondo, I Moat, J Milliken, W Ryan, P Ulian, T Pironon, S AF Borrell, J. S. Dodsworth, S. Forest, F. Perez-Escobar, O. A. Lee, M. A. Mattana, E. Stevenson, P. C. Howes, M. -J. R. Pritchard, H. W. Ballesteros, D. Kusumoto, B. Ondo, I. Moat, J. Milliken, W. Ryan, P. Ulian, T. Pironon, S. TI The climatic challenge: Which plants will people use in the next century? SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Biodiversity; Climate change; Conservation; Crop breeding; Crop wild relatives; Domestication; Food security; Medicinal plants; Sustainable development; Resilience ID SEXUALLY DECEPTIVE ORCHID; INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGE; PHYLOGENETIC TREES; CROP DOMESTICATION; NICHE CONSTRUCTION; HIGH-TEMPERATURE; ELEVATED CO2; LONG-TERM; RESPONSES; FOOD AB More than 31,000 useful plant species have been documented to fulfil needs and services for humans or the animals and environment we depend on. Despite this diversity, humans currently satisfy most requirements with surprisingly few plant species; for example, just three crops - rice, wheat and maize - comprise more than 50% of plant derived calories. Here, we synthesize the projected impact of global climatic change on useful plants across the spectrum of plant domestication. We illustrate the demographic, spatial, ecophysiological, chemical, functional, evolutionary and cultural traits that are likely to characterise useful plants and their resilience in the next century. Using this framework, we consider a range of possible pathways for future human use of plants. These are centred on two trade-offs: i) diversification versus specialization in the range of species we utilize, and ii) substitution of the species towards those better suited to future climate versus facilitating adaptation in our existing suite of dominant useful plants. In the coming century, major challenges to agriculture and biodiversity will be dominated by increased climatic variation, shifting species ranges, disruption to biotic interactions, nutrient limitation and emerging pests and pathogens. These challenges must be mitigated, whilst enhancing sustainable production to meet the needs of a growing population and a more resource intensive standard of living. With the continued erosion of biodiversity, our future ability to choose among these pathways and trade-offs is likely to be diminished. C1 [Borrell, J. S.; Forest, F.; Perez-Escobar, O. A.; Lee, M. A.; Stevenson, P. C.; Howes, M. -J. R.; Kusumoto, B.; Ondo, I.; Moat, J.; Milliken, W.; Ryan, P.; Pironon, S.] Royal Bot Gardens, Kew, Richmond TW9 3AE, Surrey, England. [Dodsworth, S.] Univ Bedfordshire, Sch Life Sci, Luton LU1 3JU, Beds, England. [Mattana, E.; Pritchard, H. W.; Ballesteros, D.; Ulian, T.] Royal Bot Gardens, Kew, Wellcome Trust Millennium Bldg,Wakehurst Pl, Ardingly RH17 6TN, W Sussex, England. [Stevenson, P. C.] Univ Greenwich, Nat Resources Inst, Chatham ME4 4TB, Kent, England. [Howes, M. -J. R.] Kings Coll London, Inst Pharmaceut Sci, London SE1 9NH, England. [Kusumoto, B.] Univ Ryukyus, Fac Sci, Nishihara, Okinawa, Japan. RP Borrell, JS (reprint author), Royal Bot Gardens, Kew, Richmond TW9 3AE, Surrey, England. EM J.borrell@kew.org FU GCRF Foundation Awards for Global Agricultural and Food Systems Research [BB/P02307X/1]; UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC)NERC Natural Environment Research Council [NE/M021351/1] FX JB was supported by the GCRF Foundation Awards for Global Agricultural and Food Systems Research, entitled, 'Modelling and genomics resources to enhance exploitation of the sustainable and diverse Ethiopian starch crop enset and support livelihoods' [Grant No. BB/P02307X/1). SP also acknowledges financial support of the UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) for the Belmont Forum project FICESSA (Food Security Impacts of Industrial Crop Expansion in Sub-Sahara Africa; Grant No. NE/M021351/1). We are thankful to all students, assistants, collection curators, partners and researchers that supported collation of data on global useful plant diversity and documentation. We thank Dr Ilia Leitch and Dr Mark Nesbitt for thoughtful comments on the manuscript. This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors. NR 184 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0098-8472 EI 1873-7307 J9 ENVIRON EXP BOT JI Environ. Exp. Bot. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 170 SI SI AR 103872 DI 10.1016/j.envexpbot.2019.103872 PG 14 WC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KH9HE UT WOS:000510958900011 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Dahlberg, CJ Ehrlen, J Christiansen, DM Meineri, E Hylander, K AF Dahlberg, C. Johan Ehrlen, Johan Christiansen, Ditte Marie Meineri, Eric Hylander, Kristoffer TI Correlations between plant climate optima across different spatial scales SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Bryophyte; Climatic optima; Distribution; Microclimate; Spatial scale; Vascular plant ID SPECIES DISTRIBUTIONS; DISTRIBUTION MODELS; FINE-GRAIN; BIODIVERSITY; ABUNDANCE; MICROREFUGIA; EVOLUTIONARY; BRYOPHYTES; LANDSCAPE; INVASIONS AB Identifying the factors determining the abundance and distribution of species is a fundamental question in ecology. One key issue is how similar the factors determining species' distributions across spatial scales are (here we focus especially on spatial extents). If the factors are similar across extents, then the large scale distribution pattern of a species may provide information about its local habitat requirements, and vice versa. We assessed the relationships between landscape and national optima as well as landscape and continental optima for growing degree days, maximum temperature and minimum temperature for 96 bryophytes and 50 vascular plants. For this set of species, we derived landscape optima from abundance weighted temperature data using species inventories in central Sweden and a fine-grained temperature model (50 m), national optima from niche centroid modelling based on GBIF data from Sweden and the same fine-grained climate model, and continental optima using the same method as for the national optima but from GBIF data from Europe and Worldclim temperatures (c. 1000 m). The landscape optima of all species were positively correlated with national as well as continental optima for maximum temperature (r = 0.45 and 0.46, respectively), weakly so for growing degree days (r = 0.30 and r = 0.28), but sometimes absent for minimum temperature (r = 0.26 and r = 0.04). The regression slopes of national or continental optima on local optima did not differ between vascular plants and bryophytes for GDD and Tmax. However, the relationship between the optima of Tmin differed between groups, being positive in vascular plants but absent in bryophytes. Our results suggest that positive correlations between optima at different spatial scales are present for some climatic variables but not for others. Moreover, our results for vascular plants and bryophytes suggest that correlations might differ between organism groups and depend on the ecology of the focal organisms. This implies that it is not possible to routinely up- or downscale distribution patterns based on environmental correlations, since drivers of distribution patterns might differ across spatial extents. C1 [Dahlberg, C. Johan; Ehrlen, Johan; Christiansen, Ditte Marie; Hylander, Kristoffer] Stockholm Univ, Dept Ecol Environm & Plant Sci, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Christiansen, Ditte Marie; Hylander, Kristoffer] Stockholm Univ, Bolin Ctr Climate Res, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Meineri, Eric] Avignon Univ, Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IRD,IMBE, Marseille, France. [Dahlberg, C. Johan] Cty Adm Board Vastra Gotaland, SE-40340 Gothenburg, Sweden. RP Hylander, K (reprint author), Stockholm Univ, Dept Ecol Environm & Plant Sci, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. EM kristoffer.hylander@su.se FU strategic program Ekoklim; Bolin Center for Climate Research at Stockholm University FX We would like to thank Johannes Forsberg, Kerstin Kempe, Samuel Olausson and Liselott Wilin for assistance in the field. Benny Willman helped with some data acquisitioning and modelling. Thanks to the County administration board of Vasternorrland that provided permission for studies at Halsviksravinen, Omneberget, Skuleberget, Vallingsjo urskog and Algberget-Bjornberget nature reserves, and at Skuleskogen national park. This work was funded by the strategic program Ekoklim and the Bolin Center for Climate Research at Stockholm University. NR 64 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0098-8472 EI 1873-7307 J9 ENVIRON EXP BOT JI Environ. Exp. Bot. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 170 SI SI AR 103899 DI 10.1016/j.envexpbot.2019.103899 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KH9HE UT WOS:000510958900010 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Garcia, MB Domingo, D Pizarro, M Font, X Gomez, D Ehrlen, J AF Garcia, Maria B. Domingo, Dario Pizarro, Manuel Font, Xavier Gomez, Daniel Ehrlen, Johan TI Rocky habitats as microclimatic refuges for biodiversity. A close-up thermal approach SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Plant inventories; Endemics; Peripheral populations; Infrared images; Pyrenees; Androsace cylindrical; Borderea chouardii ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; ALPINE PLANTS; MICROREFUGIA; PERSISTENCE; POPULATION; MODELS; DIFFERENTIATION; CONSERVATION; TOPOCLIMATE; LANDSCAPES AB In the present scenario of climatic change, climatic refugia will be of paramount importance for species persistence. Topography can generate a considerable climatic heterogeneity over short distances, which is often disregarded in macroclimatic predictive models. Here we investigate the role of rocky habitats as microclimatic refugia by combining two different analyses: exploring a thermal mechanism whereby rocky habitats might serve as refugia, and examining if the biogeographic pattern shows a high abundance of relict, endemic and peripheral species. The thermal profile of two populations of relict and endemic plant species occurring in Pyrenean cliffs was investigated by infrared images and in situ temperature data-loggers. Despite occurring in crevices of a south oriented slope, Androsace cylindrica showed a narrower daily range of temperature than the surrounding matrix, thereby avoiding extreme high temperatures. Borderea chouardii, of tropical ancestors, also occurred in patches where temperatures were buffered during the growth season, experiencing lower mean temperatures than the surrounding matrix and nearby areas during the warmer part of the day, and similar temperatures during the colder. The rocky habitats of both species, therefore, reduced temperature ranges and exposition to extreme climatic events. Compared to other habitats, the rocky ones also harboured a very high fraction of both endemics and peripheral plant populations according to the largest vegetation dataset available in the Pyrenees (18,800 plant inventories and 400,000 records). Our results suggest an association between the habitats of relicts, endemics and species at their distribution limit, driven by a stabilizing effect of rocky habitats on extreme temperatures. Given the important role of rocky habitats as hotspots of singular and unique plants, their characterization seems a sensible first step to identify potential refugia in the context of climate change. C1 [Garcia, Maria B.; Pizarro, Manuel; Gomez, Daniel] CSIC, Pyrenean Inst Ecol, Apdo 13034, Zaragoza, Spain. [Garcia, Maria B.; Pizarro, Manuel; Gomez, Daniel] Nuestra Senora Victoria, 16 Jaca, Zaragoza, Spain. [Domingo, Dario] Univ Zaragoza, Dept Geog, GEOFOREST IUCA, Zaragoza, Spain. [Font, Xavier] Univ Barcelona, Plant Biodivers Resource Ctr, Barcelona, Spain. [Ehrlen, Johan] Stockholm Univ, Dept Ecol Environm & Plant Sci, Stockholm, Sweden. RP Garcia, MB (reprint author), CSIC, Pyrenean Inst Ecol, Apdo 13034, Zaragoza, Spain.; Garcia, MB (reprint author), Nuestra Senora Victoria, 16 Jaca, Zaragoza, Spain. EM mariab@ipe.csic.es FU CAMBIO project [CGL2010-21642]; DYNBIO project [1656]; VULBIMON project [CGL2017-90040-R]; European project OPCC-POCTEFA EFA, Pyrenean Work Community [235/1] FX Pedro Bravo, Ines Carrasquer, Manuel Grasa, J Revilla and Pablo Tejero assisted with the thermal images or ibuttons download. The consortium Florapyr (European project OPCC-POCTEFA EFA 235/1, Pyrenean Work Community) made possible the unified list of the Pyrenean flora. The staff of the National Park facilitated our work in there. The thermographic camera was funded by the CAMBIO project (CGL2010-21642). This study is a result of the DYNBIO (Ref. 1656) and VULBIMON (CGL2017-90040-R) projects. NR 51 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0098-8472 EI 1873-7307 J9 ENVIRON EXP BOT JI Environ. Exp. Bot. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 170 SI SI AR 103886 DI 10.1016/j.envexpbot.2019.103886 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KH9HE UT WOS:000510958900006 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Molina-Venegas, R Fischer, M Hemp, A AF Molina-Venegas, Rafael Fischer, Markus Hemp, Andreas TI Plant evolutionary assembly along elevational belts at Mt. Kilimanjaro: Using phylogenetics to asses biodiversity threats under climate change SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Climate change; Elevational belts; Evolutionary lineages; East Africa; Niche conservatism; Phylogenetic beta diversity; Turnover ID BETA-DIVERSITY; CONSERVATION; VEGETATION; GRADIENTS; NICHE; TREE; TURNOVER; PATTERNS; HISTORY; LIFE AB Accumulating evidence suggests that species sensitivity to climatic change is strongly related to their ecological niches, which are somewhat evolutionary conserved. Insofar as this is true, climate change-driven extinctions may be non-random with respect to phylogeny, and entire branches of the tree of life might be lost. In mountainous regions, where macroecological conditions change abruptly with elevation, evolutionarily lineages may show deep phylogenetic turnover along elevational belts, and such "layering" of the phylogeny may lead to disproportionate losses of phylogenetic diversity. Here, we explored phylogenetic alpha and beta diversity patterns of plant assemblages among six elevational belts at Kilimanjaro (i.e. savanna woodland, lower montane forest, middle-montane Ocotea forest, upper-montane Podocarpus forest, Erica subalpine bushland and Helichrysum alpine scrubland). Specifically, we aimed at determining the degree of elevational turnover of plant evolutionary lineages as a diagnostic tool to assess phylogenetic diversity threats owing to shifting environmental conditions. We found relatively deep phylogenetic discontinuities that roughly matched the main modern vegetation types in East Africa, this is, subalpine-alpine vegetation, montane forests and savannas lowlands. However, the upper-montane Podocarpus forest was phylogenetically closer to subalpine-alpine vegetation than to middle (Ocotea) and lower montane forests, despite all these forest belts constituted a floristically integrated unit. Phylogenetic diversity followed a hump-shape relationship with elevation, with significantly high values in lower montane forest and lower than expected scores in savanna, subalpine and alpine belts. Overall, the phylogenetic layering of Kilimanjaro flora reported here suggests that a disproportionate amount of phylogenetic diversity in mountainous regions might be at risk, although the generality of this pattern is yet to be confirmed. In the particular case of Kilimanjaro, human population growth represents a pervasive threat to montane forest, and particularly to the phylogenetically singular remnants of lower montane forest. Besides, climate-change induced fires in the subalpine belt are causing over-riding shrinkage of the upper-montane Podocarpus forest from the timberline. Should these continuing pressures of global change persist, the montane forests of Kilimanjaro may experience substantial shrinking within the next decades, trapped between the "hammer and the anvil" of climate and land-use change. C1 [Molina-Venegas, Rafael; Fischer, Markus] Univ Bern, Inst Plant Sci, Altenbergrain 21, CH-3013 Bern, Switzerland. [Hemp, Andreas] Univ Bayreuth, Dept Plant Systemat, Univ Str 30, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany. RP Molina-Venegas, R (reprint author), Univ Alcala De Henares, Dept Life Sci, GLOCEE Global Change Ecol & Evolut Grp, Madrid 28805, Spain. EM rafmolven@gmail.com FU German Science Foundation (DFG) through the research unit KiLiGerman Research Foundation (DFG) [FOR1246] FX We thank Marion Renner for providing pictures of the study system. This research was supported by the German Science Foundation (DFG) through the research unit KiLi (FOR1246). The authors declare no conflicts of interest. NR 55 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0098-8472 EI 1873-7307 J9 ENVIRON EXP BOT JI Environ. Exp. Bot. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 170 SI SI AR 103853 DI 10.1016/j.envexpbot.2019.103853 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KH9HE UT WOS:000510958900005 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Toledo, B Marcer, A Mendez-Vigo, B Alonso-Blanco, C Pico, FX AF Toledo, Bernardo Marcer, Arnald Mendez-Vigo, Belen Alonso-Blanco, Carlos Xavier Pico, F. TI An ecological history of the relict genetic lineage of Arabidopsis thaliana SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Arabidopsis thaliana; Flowering genes; Paleobotanical data; Remote sensing data; Species distribution models; Relict genetic lineage; Whole-genome sequencing ID PYRENEES PERAFITA VALLEY; LAST GLACIAL MAXIMUM; PLANT DIVERSITY; FLOWERING TIME; VEGETATION; COLONIZATION; BIODIVERSITY; PATTERNS; REVEALS; EASTERN AB The combination of extensive population sampling with whole-genome sequencing in the annual plant Arabidopsis thaliana has recently allowed the identification of a genetically differentiated relict lineage. The most important nuclei of relict A. thaliana is found in the Iberian Peninsula and North Africa, although relict accessions have also been found scattered across Atlantic oceanic islands, eastern Mediterranean Basin, South and East Africa and China. We hypothesised that relict A. thaliana long survived and adapted to a wide array of environments in the Iberian Peninsula and North Africa due to the fact that the region repeatedly acted as glacial refugia. Given the lack of evidence to support this hypothesis, we addressed this issue by studying the ecological history of Iberian and North African relict A. thaliana. To this end, we analysed the relationship between the current habitat suitability of relict A. thaliana, estimated with species distribution models, and the vegetation dynamics in the region over the last millennia using pollen fossil data from sediment cores and reconstructions of past distribution ranges of the most important tree species occurring in the region. Overall, our results indicated that a higher current habitat suitability of relict A. thaliana was correlated with more stable vegetation dynamics since the Last Glacial Maximum and during the Holocene. Given that relict A. thaliana is known to harbour genetic variation specific to its relict nature, we also evaluated the differentiation between relict and non-relict A. thaliana accessions at the functional genetic level for the known flowering genes, CRY2 and TSF. Genomic surveys detected the existence of haplogroups of these genes occurring at very high frequency only among relict accessions. Overall, our study reinforced the relict character of this lineage thought to be at the base of the species' early history. We stress the need to sample in depth other geographic areas harbouring relict A. thaliana and conduct further functional genetic analyses between relict and non-relict accessions to keep disentangling the evolutionary trajectory of this annual plant. C1 [Toledo, Bernardo; Xavier Pico, F.] CSIC, EBD, Dept Ecol Integrat, Seville 41092, Spain. [Marcer, Arnald] CREAF, E08193, Catalonia, Cerdanyola Del, Spain. [Marcer, Arnald] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, E-08193 Catalonia, Cerdanyola Del, Spain. [Mendez-Vigo, Belen; Alonso-Blanco, Carlos] CSIC, CNB, Dept Genet Mol Plantas, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. RP Pico, FX (reprint author), CSIC, EBD, Dept Ecol Integrat, Seville 41092, Spain. EM xpico@ebd.csic.es RI Pico, Xavier/E-5697-2016 OI Pico, Xavier/0000-0003-2849-4922 FU AEI/FEDER, UE [CGL2016-77720-P, BES-2017-081803]; Agency for Management of University and Research Grants of the Generalitat de Catalunya [2014-SGR-913] FX FXP and AM were funded by grant CGL2016-77720-P (AEI/FEDER, UE). BT acknowledges the contract BES-2017-081803 (AEI/FEDER, UE). AM acknowledges the Agency for Management of University and Research Grants of the Generalitat de Catalunya (2014-SGR-913). NR 76 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0098-8472 EI 1873-7307 J9 ENVIRON EXP BOT JI Environ. Exp. Bot. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 170 SI SI AR 103800 DI 10.1016/j.envexpbot.2019.103800 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KH9HE UT WOS:000510958900004 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Vargas, P Jimenez-Mejias, P Fernandez-Mazuecos, M AF Vargas, Pablo Jimenez-Mejias, Pedro Fernandez-Mazuecos, Mario TI 'Endangered living fossils' (ELFs): Long-term survivors through periods of dramatic climate change SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Ancient lineages; Conservation; EDGE; Endemism; Phylogenetic singularity; Mediterranean floristic regions; Narrow endemics; Relict ID EVOLUTIONARY DISTINCTIVENESS; PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY; NARROW ENDEMICS; APIACEAE; TRIBE; CONSERVATION; BIOGEOGRAPHY; SANICULOIDEAE; VEGETATION AB Geography and climate have been the main drivers of evolution in recent geological epochs. While new lineages of species have been formed in the last millions of years (speciation) and others have vanished as a result of historical climate changes (extinction), some ancient lineages appear to have persisted to the present day without net diversification. In this paper, evolution of ancient lineages is addressed by combining phylogenetic and conservation approaches to test the concept of 'endangered living fossil' (ELF). Using endangered, monospecific genera as starting point, we propose three criteria to identify ELFs (in order): (1) scarcity and narrow distribution of populations, i.e. the species (and thus the genus) is categorised as either 'endangered' or 'critically endangered' using IUCN criteria; (2) evolutionary distinctiveness, i.e. phylogenetic singularity of a single-species lineage as a result of a null net diversification rate; (iii) ancient divergence, i.e. split from the closest extant relatives predating the dramatic climate changes of particular geological epochs (specifically changes since the Miocene-Pliocene boundary). The vascular flora of the Iberian Peninsula offers a suitable study system to reliably test the ELF concept. Indeed, time-calibrated phylogenies revealed that five of the six critically endangered, monospecific genera endemic to the Iberian Peninsula are ELFs. These five genera appear to have diverged from their closest relatives in the Oligocene (Gyrocatyum), Miocene (Avellara, Castrilanthemum, Gadoria) and around the Miocene-Pliocene boundary (Naufraga). This result entails long-term survival (with no net diversification) through at least three dramatic climate changes: the Messinian Salinity Crisis (late Miocene), the establishment of the mediterranean climate (Pliocene), and the glacial-interglacial cycles (Pleistocene). Using results from the literature, we found examples of ELFs for the mediterranean floras of California (Dodecahema), Chile (Avellanita, Gomortega, Legrandia) and other Mediterranean areas of Europe (Petagnaea, Phitosia). ELFs are unique and threatened lineages representing an exceptional evolutionary heritage, and therefore they should be prioritised in biodiversity research and conservation programs. C1 [Vargas, Pablo] CSIC, RJB, Plaza Murillo 2, Madrid 28014, Spain. [Jimenez-Mejias, Pedro] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Biol Bot, Campus Cantoblanco, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. [Jimenez-Mejias, Pedro] UAM, Ctr Invest Biodiversidad & Cambio Global, CIBC, Madrid 28049, Spain. RP Vargas, P (reprint author), CSIC, RJB, Plaza Murillo 2, Madrid 28014, Spain. EM vargas@rjb.csic.es RI Jimenez-Mejias, Pedro/H-7274-2015 OI Jimenez-Mejias, Pedro/0000-0003-2815-4477 FU Juan de la Cierva fellowship (Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness) [IJCI-2015-23459]; Banco Santander; Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); Fundacion General CSIC (FGCSIC) FX The authors thank Ana Otero and Salvatore Tomasello for providing phylogenetic datasets. M.F.-M. was supported by a Juan de la Cierva fellowship (Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness, reference IJCI-2015-23459). This research was funded by Banco Santander, the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) and Fundacion General CSIC (FGCSIC) through a Proyecto Cero on endangered species 2010 ('Do all endangered species hold the same value?: origin and conservation of living fossils of flowering plants endemic to Spain'). NR 104 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0098-8472 EI 1873-7307 J9 ENVIRON EXP BOT JI Environ. Exp. Bot. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 170 SI SI AR 103892 DI 10.1016/j.envexpbot.2019.103892 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KH9HE UT WOS:000510958900003 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Verdu, M Pausas, JG Postigo-Mijarra, JM Barron, E Casas-Gallego, M Arroyo, J Carrion, JS AF Verdu, M. Pausas, J. G. Postigo-Mijarra, J. Ma. Barron, E. Casas-Gallego, M. Arroyo, J. Carrion, J. S. TI Phylogenetic diversity in the Iberian flora through the Cenozoic SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Cenozoic; Diversification; Iberian flora; Paleoclimate; Phylogenetic diversity ID CRETACEOUS-TERTIARY BOUNDARY; CLIMATIC EVOLUTION; PALYNOLOGICAL DATA; VEGETATION; BASIN; MIOCENE; PLANTS; TREE; TRANSITION; OLIGOCENE AB Phylogenetic diversity reflects both community assembly and evolutionary diversification processes. Communities with low phylogenetic diversity might be the outcome of environmental filters favouring the occurrence and/or the diversification of lineages from particular clades. This rationale applies for regional assemblages. Here we propose to integrate phylogenetic diversity into paleobotanical studies aimed to reconstruct temporal shifts in plant assemblages in the past. To do so we first compiled a fossil dataset of 619 vascular plant taxa occurring through the Cenozoic in the Iberian flora, then we reconstructed their phylogenetic relationships, and finally we calculated temporal changes in phylogenetic diversity. The results reveal high phylogenetic diversity in the early Cenozoic (Danian to Lutetian) followed by an abrupt decline around 40 million years ago and a time interval of lower values during the Oligocene and the Miocene. A decreasing trend of phylogenetic diversity was also detected over the Piacenzian and the Early Pleistocene. Early values of high phylogenetic diversity were not explained by null models, and we speculate on putative causes related to climate. Overall, we propose to combine paleobotanical and phylogenetic information for detecting evolutionary changes that shaped our biodiversity across relevant geological scales. C1 [Verdu, M.; Pausas, J. G.] Univ Valencia, CSIC, Ctr Invest Desertificac, CIDE, Valencia, Spain. [Postigo-Mijarra, J. Ma.] IES Clara Campoamor, Madrid, Spain. [Barron, E.] Museo Geominero, Inst Geol & Minero Espana, Madrid, Spain. [Casas-Gallego, M.] CGG Robertson, Llanrhos LL30 1SA, Llandudno, England. [Arroyo, J.] Univ Seville, Dept Biol Vegetal & Ecol, Seville, Spain. [Carrion, J. S.] Univ Murcia, Fac Biol, Murcia, Spain. RP Verdu, M (reprint author), Univ Valencia, CSIC, Ctr Invest Desertificac, CIDE, Valencia, Spain. EM miguel.verdu@ext.uv.es FU MINECO, Spain [CS02015-65216-C2-2-P, CGL2015-68604-P]; OAPN, Spain [296/2011]; (Fundacion Seneca), Murcia, SpainFundacion Seneca [19434/PI/14, 20788/PI/18] FX This work is a contribution to NECLIME (Neogene Climate Evolution in Eurasia, www.neclime.de) and has been funded by projects CS02015-65216-C2-2-P, CGL2015-68604-P (MINECO, Spain), 296/2011 (OAPN, Spain) and 19434/PI/14, 20788/PI/18 (Fundacion Seneca), Murcia, Spain. Manuel Casas-Gallego publishes with permission of CGG Robertson. NR 91 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0098-8472 EI 1873-7307 J9 ENVIRON EXP BOT JI Environ. Exp. Bot. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 170 SI SI AR 103888 DI 10.1016/j.envexpbot.2019.103888 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KH9HE UT WOS:000510958900002 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Peterson, EE Santos-Fernandez, E Chen, C Clifford, S Vercelloni, J Pearse, A Brown, R Christensen, B James, A Anthony, K Loder, J Gonzalez-Rivero, M Roelfsema, C Caley, MJ Mellin, C Bednarz, T Mengersen, K AF Peterson, Erin E. Santos-Fernandez, Edgar Chen, Carla Clifford, Sam Vercelloni, Julie Pearse, Alan Brown, Ross Christensen, Bryce James, Allan Anthony, Ken Loder, Jennifer Gonzalez-Rivero, Manuel Roelfsema, Chris Caley, M. Julian Mellin, Camille Bednarz, Tomasz Mengersen, Kerrie TI Monitoring through many eyes: Integrating disparate datasets to improve monitoring of the Great Barrier Reef SO ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE LA English DT Article DE Great barrier reef; Coral cover; Citizen science; Spatio-temporal modelling; Data integration; Weighted regression ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; CORAL-REEFS; SCIENCE; COVER; QUALITY; BIODIVERSITY; RESILIENCE; AUSTRALIA; IMPACTS; DECLINE AB Numerous organisations collect data in the Great Barrier Reef (GBR), but they are rarely analysed together due to different program objectives, methods, and data quality. We developed a weighted spatio-temporal Bayesian model and used it to integrate image-based hard-coral data collected by professional and citizen scientists, who captured and/or classified underwater images. We used the model to predict coral cover across the GBR with estimates of uncertainty; thus filling gaps in space and time where no data exist. Additional data increased the model's predictive ability by 43%, but did not affect model inferences about pressures (e.g. bleaching and cyclone damage). Thus, effective integration of professional and high-volume citizen data could enhance the capacity and cost-efficiency of monitoring programs. This general approach is equally viable for other variables collected in the marine environment or other ecosystems; opening up new opportunities to integrate data and provide pathways for community engagement/stewardship. C1 [Peterson, Erin E.; Pearse, Alan; Christensen, Bryce; James, Allan] Queensland Univ Technol, Inst Future Environm, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. [Peterson, Erin E.; Santos-Fernandez, Edgar; Clifford, Sam; Vercelloni, Julie; Pearse, Alan; Caley, M. Julian; Bednarz, Tomasz; Mengersen, Kerrie] Australian Res Council Ctr Excellence Math & Stat, Parkville, Vic, Australia. [Peterson, Erin E.; Santos-Fernandez, Edgar; Clifford, Sam; Caley, M. Julian; Mengersen, Kerrie] Queensland Univ Technol, Sch Math Sci, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. [Chen, Carla; Anthony, Ken; Gonzalez-Rivero, Manuel; Mellin, Camille] Australian Inst Marine Sci, Townsville, Qld, Australia. [Vercelloni, Julie] Univ Queensland, Australian Res Council Ctr Excellence Coral Reef, Sch Biol Sci, St Lucia, Qld, Australia. [Brown, Ross] Queensland Univ Technol, Sch Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. [Loder, Jennifer] Reef Check Australia, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. [Loder, Jennifer] Reef Citizen Sci Alliance, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. [Gonzalez-Rivero, Manuel] Univ Queensland, Global Change Inst, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. [Roelfsema, Chris] Univ Queensland, Remote Sensing Res Ctr, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. [Mellin, Camille] Univ Adelaide, Environm Inst, Adelaide, SA, Australia. [Mellin, Camille] Univ Adelaide, Sch Biol Sci, Adelaide, SA, Australia. RP Peterson, EE (reprint author), Queensland Univ Technol, Inst Future Environm, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. EM erin.peterson@qut.edu.au OI Roelfsema, Chris/0000-0003-0182-1356 FU Cooperative Research Centre for Spatial Information - Business Cooperative Research Centres ProgrammeAustralian GovernmentDepartment of Industry, Innovation and ScienceCooperative Research Centres (CRC) Programme; Queensland Department of Natural Resources Mines and Energy (DNRME); Australian Research Council (ARC) Centre of Excellence in Mathematical and Statistical Frontiers (ACEMS)Australian Research Council; ARC Laureate programAustralian Research Council FX This work has been supported by the Cooperative Research Centre for Spatial Information, whose activities are funded by the Business Cooperative Research Centres Programme. Would also like to thank the Queensland Department of Natural Resources Mines and Energy (DNRME), the Australian Research Council (ARC) Centre of Excellence in Mathematical and Statistical Frontiers (ACEMS), and the ARC Laureate program for the funding they provided for this research. Images and data were provided by Reef Check Australia; the University of Queensland (UQ) Global Change institute, Underwater Earth (previously The Ocean Agency), and the XL Catlin Seaview Survey; UQ Remote Sensing Research Centre; and the Australian Institute of Marine Science. Special thanks to Reef Check Australia volunteers Paul Colquist, Douglas Stetner, Cheryl Tan, Hannalena Vaisanen, and Nathan Caromel, who classified hard coral for this study. Thanks to Sam Matthews for sharing spatial data representing coral bleaching and CoTS density at the GBR scale and to Andrew Zammit-Mangion for spatio-temporal modelling advice. Finally, we thank three anonymous Reviewers for their constructive comments, which helped improve the manuscript. NR 101 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1364-8152 EI 1873-6726 J9 ENVIRON MODELL SOFTW JI Environ. Modell. Softw. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 124 AR 104557 DI 10.1016/j.envsoft.2019.104557 PG 20 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Computer Science; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KH7TU UT WOS:000510853300016 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Estifanos, TK Polyakov, M Pandit, R Hailu, A Burton, M AF Estifanos, Tafesse Kefyalew Polyakov, Maksym Pandit, Ram Hailu, Atakelty Burton, Michael TI The impact of protected areas on the rural households' incomes in Ethiopia SO LAND USE POLICY LA English DT Article DE Selection bias; Protected areas; Propensity score matching; Livelihood effects of conservation; Developing countries; Causal inference ID PARTICIPATORY FOREST MANAGEMENT; BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION; PROPENSITY SCORE; NATIONAL-PARK; POVERTY ALLEVIATION; LOCAL-COMMUNITIES; MATCHING METHODS; RISK-MANAGEMENT; LIVELIHOODS; DIVERSIFICATION AB Protected areas are cornerstones for biodiversity conservation, yet they can be controversial because of their potential impact on the livelihoods of local people due to restrictions on agricultural land use and the extractive use of natural resources. This study evaluates the impact of PM on households' livelihoods, as measured by total household income (THI) and livestock income (LI). We use a survey and a quasi-experimental design to gather socioeconomic and biophysical data from households living within, adjacent to and outside three national parks (NPs) in Ethiopia and employ matching methods to isolate the impact of NPs. Our findings suggest that there is no evidence that the establishment of NPs adversely affects local livelihoods. Instead, we find that households within and in adjacent areas to NPs have higher incomes compared to those living outside. Understanding the heterogeneity of the effect of NPs on local livelihoods can help in designing well-targeted policy interventions that improve conservation goals while also addressing livelihood concerns of resource-dependent local communities. C1 [Estifanos, Tafesse Kefyalew; Pandit, Ram; Hailu, Atakelty; Burton, Michael] Univ Western Australia, UWA Sch Agr & Environm, Agr & Resource Econ, Perth, WA, Australia. [Polyakov, Maksym] Univ Western Australia, UWA Sch Agr & Environm, Ctr Environm Econ & Policy, Perth, WA, Australia. [Estifanos, Tafesse Kefyalew] Hawassa Univ, Dept Biol, Hawassa, Ethiopia. [Pandit, Ram] Hokkaido Univ, Grad Sch Global Food Resources, Kita Ku, Kita 15,Nishi 8, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0600815, Japan. RP Estifanos, TK (reprint author), Univ Western Australia, UWA Sch Agr & Environm M089, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia. EM tafesse.estifanos@research.uwa.edu.au RI Hailu, Atakelty/G-1687-2010 OI Hailu, Atakelty/0000-0002-1024-7520 FU Australian Government Research Training ProgramAustralian Government; Graduate Research School Travel Award, University of Western Australia; Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Environmental Decisions (ARC-CEED)Australian Research Council FX This work was supported by the Australian Government Research Training Program, Graduate Research School Travel Award, University of Western Australia, and the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Environmental Decisions (ARC-CEED). NR 96 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-8377 EI 1873-5754 J9 LAND USE POLICY JI Land Use Pol. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 91 AR 104349 DI 10.1016/j.landusepol.2019.104349 PG 12 WC Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KH9GX UT WOS:000510958200059 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Guerra, A Roque, FDO Garcia, LC Ochoa-Quintero, JM de Oliveira, PTS Guariento, RD Rosa, IMD AF Guerra, Angelica Roque, Fabio de Oliveira Garcia, Leticia Couto Ochoa-Quintero, Jose Manuel Sanches de Oliveira, Paulo Tarso Guariento, Rafael Dettogni Rosa, Isabel M. D. TI Drivers and projections of vegetation loss in the Pantanal and surrounding ecosystems SO LAND USE POLICY LA English DT Article DE Arc of vegetation loss; Agriculture; Cattle; Upper Paraguay River Basin; Land cover; Land use changes ID LAND-USE; CONSERVATION; WETLAND; DEFORESTATION; BIODIVERSITY; ADAPTATION; CHALLENGES; RESOURCES; SERVICES; FUTURE AB Modeling scenarios can help identify drivers of and potential changes in land use, particularly in rapidly changing landscapes such as the tropics. One of the places where most of the recent anthropogenic land use changes have been occurring is the (n)arc of deforestation" of the Amazon, where several scenarios have been constructed. Such modeling scenarios, however, have been implemented less frequently in wetland areas, but these are also undergoing rapid change. An example is the Pantanal, one of the largest wetlands on the planet located in the Upper Paraguay River Basin (UPRB). The UPRB is formed by the lowland (Pantanal) and the plateau (Cerrado and Amazon where the spring-fed rivers are). We used a spatially explicit model to identify drivers of vegetation loss in the Pantanal and surrounding area (UPRB) and estimated potential vegetation loss for the next 30 years. The model is probabilistic and considers that vegetation loss is contagious, so that the local rate of deforestation increases over time if adjacent sites are deforested, also taking into account the drivers identified in those locations. Our study is the first to simulate vegetation loss at property-scale, over 20,000 properties, for the entire UPRB in Brazil, taking into account the relationship between the plateau, where headwaters are located, and the lowland, where flooded-areas are concentrated. The drivers of vegetation loss identified for the lowland (distance to roads and rivers and elevation) differed from those for the plateau (distance to cities), demonstrating the relevance of analyzing areas separately. The cumulative rate of native vegetation loss projected for 2050 was 3% for the lowland and 10% for the plateau, representing losses of 6045 km(2) and of native vegetation area decreasing from 87% to 83% and 7960 km(2) from 39% to 35% respectively by 2050, if changes continue at the same pace and if the environmental legislation is followed. The projected vegetation loss in the UPRB forms a geographical arc, very similar to that observed in the Amazon, from the plateau into the lowland. The arc is directly related to areas with no or low flooding frequency because they are suitable for agriculture. The identification of this arc of vegetation loss calls for urgent conservation policies for this wetland and new perspectives for management. C1 [Guerra, Angelica; Roque, Fabio de Oliveira; Garcia, Leticia Couto; Guariento, Rafael Dettogni] Univ Fed Mato Grosso do Sul, Programa Posgrad Ecol & Conservacao, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil. [Ochoa-Quintero, Jose Manuel] Inst Invest Recursos Biol Alexander von Humboldt, Ave Circunvalar 16-20, Bogota, Colombia. [Sanches de Oliveira, Paulo Tarso] Univ Fed Mato Grosso do Sul, Programa Posgrad Tecnol Ambientais, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil. [Rosa, Isabel M. D.] Bangor Univ, Sch Nat Sci, Bangor LL57 2DG, Gwynedd, Wales. RP Guariento, RD (reprint author), Univ Fed Mato Grosso do Sul, Ave Costa & Silva S-N, BR-79070900 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil. EM rafael.guariento@ufms.br FU Coordenacdo de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior - Brazil (CAPES) [001]; CAPES PrintCAPES; Fundacao de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento do Ensino, Ciencia e Tecnologia do Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul. (FUNDECT)Fundect [59/300.492/2016]; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq)National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) [441289/2017-7, 306830/2017-5] FX This study was supported in part by the Coordenacdo de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior - Brazil (CAPES) finance Code 001 and CAPES Print. We thank Fundacao de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento do Ensino, Ciencia e Tecnologia do Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul. (FUNDECT) for granting a scholarship to the first author (59/300.492/2016). The fifth author was supported by grants from the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq) (grants 441289/2017-7 and 306830/2017-5). We thank Felipe Augusto Dias for support with SOS Pantanal and data availability. NR 72 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-8377 EI 1873-5754 J9 LAND USE POLICY JI Land Use Pol. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 91 AR 104388 DI 10.1016/j.landusepol.2019.104388 PG 10 WC Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KH9GX UT WOS:000510958200017 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Hagemann, N van der Zanden, EH Willaarts, BA Holzkamper, A Volk, M Rutz, C Priess, JA Schonhart, M AF Hagemann, N. van der Zanden, E. H. Willaarts, B. A. Holzkaemper, A. Volk, M. Rutz, C. Priess, J. A. Schoenhart, M. TI Bringing the sharing-sparing debate down to the ground-Lessons learnt for participatory scenario development SO LAND USE POLICY LA English DT Article DE Participatory scenarios; Case studies; Land management; Land sharing; Land sparing; Transdisciplinary ID STAKEHOLDER PARTICIPATION; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; TRADE-OFFS; BIODIVERSITY; CONSERVATION; IMPACTS; POLICY AB The concepts of Land Sharing (LSH) and Land Sparing (ISP) shall help to manage trade-offs between land use and biodiversity conservation but applications in real world contexts are scarce. We review the literature on scenario and stakeholder processes and present a participatory approach to translate the LSH/LSP concept into practice. It is based on a scenario definition process harmonized across five case studies in Europe and resulted in semi-quantitative participative LSH and LSP scenarios. Harmonization eases comparability among case studies despite fundamentally different scenarios due to heterogeneous conditions across the regions. A key challenge was the right level of standardization for the scenario process to reach a common understanding across case study regions while acknowledging regional peculiarities. The resulting scenarios support for regional specific planning recommendations and can be input to quantitative ecosystem service and biodiversity models. C1 [Hagemann, N.] UFZ Helmholtz Ctr Environm Res, Dept Econ, Permoserstr 15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany. [van der Zanden, E. H.] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Inst Environm Studies IVM, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Willaarts, B. A.] Univ Politecn Madrid, Res Ctr Management Agr & Environm Risks CEIGRAM, Madrid, Spain. [Willaarts, B. A.] IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria. [Holzkaemper, A.] Agroscope, Dept Agroecol & Environm, Zurich, Switzerland. [Volk, M.; Priess, J. A.] UFZ Helmholtz Ctr Environm Res, Dept Computat Landscape Ecol, Leipzig, Germany. [Rutz, C.] Inst Rural Dev Res, Frankfurt, Germany. [Schoenhart, M.] BOKU Univ Nat Resources & Life Sci, Dept Econ & Social Sci, Inst Sustainable Econ Dev, Vienna, Austria. RP Hagemann, N (reprint author), UFZ Helmholtz Ctr Environm Res, Dept Econ, Permoserstr 15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany. EM nina.hagemann@ufz.de FU 2013-2014 BiodivERsA/FACCE-JPI joint call for research proposals; Austrian Science Fund (FWF)Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [I 2046-B25]; German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)Federal Ministry of Education & Research (BMBF) [Forderkennzeichen 01LC1404]; Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO)Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO); Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness [PCIN-2014-080]; Swiss National Science FoundationSwiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) [40FA40_158391] FX This research was funded through the 2013-2014 BiodivERsA/FACCE-JPI joint call for research proposals, with the national funders The Austrian Science Fund (FWF; I 2046-B25), German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) (Forderkennzeichen 01LC1404), Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO), Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness (PCIN-2014-080) and the Swiss National Science Foundation (40FA40_158391). The authors would like to thank the patient and supportive reviewer who put exceptional efforts in his/her reviews to improve this paper. Furthermore, we thank all stakeholders of the project for their input and the discussions. NR 59 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-8377 EI 1873-5754 J9 LAND USE POLICY JI Land Use Pol. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 91 AR 104262 DI 10.1016/j.landusepol.2019.104262 PG 10 WC Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KH9GX UT WOS:000510958200040 OA Green Accepted DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Issii, TM Romero, AC Pereira-Silva, EFL Attanasio, MR Hardt, E AF Issii, Thais M. Romero, Amanda C. Pereira-Silva, Erico F. L. Attanasio Junior, Mario R. Hardt, Elisa TI The role of legal protection in forest conservation in an urban matrix SO LAND USE POLICY LA English DT Article DE landscape ecology; Legal scenario; Landscape metrics; Land use and land cover ID LANDSCAPE CONNECTIVITY; LAND-USE; DYNAMICS; AREA AB Establishing forest protection standards is essential for biodiversity conservation and for ensuring the public water supply. This study evaluated whether compliance with environmental legislation aimed at protecting the Atlantic Forest is sufficient to minimize the negative effects of urban pressure on the conservation of biodiversity in the water source area of the Billings reservoir in the municipality of Diadema. To assess the effectiveness of environmental legislation, we created a current land use and land cover map as well as maps for an expected legal scenario and evaluated both using landscape metrics. Our findings indicate that forest resource availability in the area is critical but can be improved by compliance with legal obligations, which have complementary effects and the potential to promote less fragmented landscapes. On the other hand, they do not prevent the tendency of fragmentation caused by the surrounding urban matrix, which can reduce the positive effect of the legal compliance on forest conservation in cases of consolidated urban areas. C1 [Issii, Thais M.; Romero, Amanda C.; Attanasio Junior, Mario R.; Hardt, Elisa] Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Environm Sci, Lab Applied Ecol & Conservat LECON, Grp Landscape Ecol & Conservat Planning LEPLAN, Rua Prof Artur Riedel 275, BR-09972270 Diadema, SP, Brazil. [Pereira-Silva, Erico F. L.] Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Ecol, Rua Matao,Trav 14,321 Cidade Univ, BR-05508090 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. RP Hardt, E (reprint author), Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Environm Sci, Lab Applied Ecol & Conservat LECON, Grp Landscape Ecol & Conservat Planning LEPLAN, Rua Prof Artur Riedel 275, BR-09972270 Diadema, SP, Brazil. EM thais.issii@unifesp.br; amandacamero@gmail.com; candeya@gmail.com; mario.attanasio@unifesp.br; elisa.hardt@unifesp.br FU National Council for Scientific and Technological Development -CNPq/BrazilNational Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) [426178/2016-5]; Science Intern Fellowship Program of Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo - Unifesp/Brazil [152593/2015-2, 101335/2017-2] FX This work was supported by the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development -CNPq/Brazil [grant numbers 426178/2016-5]; and Science Intern Fellowship Program of Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo - Unifesp/Brazil [grant numbers 152593/2015-2, 101335/2017-2]. NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-8377 EI 1873-5754 J9 LAND USE POLICY JI Land Use Pol. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 91 AR 104366 DI 10.1016/j.landusepol.2019.104366 PG 9 WC Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KH9GX UT WOS:000510958200067 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Poudyal, BH Maraseni, T Cockfield, G AF Poudyal, Bishnu Hari Maraseni, Tek Cockfield, Geoff TI An assessment of the policies and practices of selective logging and timber utilisation: A case study from natural forests of Tarai Nepal and Queensland Australia SO LAND USE POLICY LA English DT Article DE Sustainable forest management; Forest policies; Selective harvesting practices; Log grading; Forest recovery; Occupational health and safety ID SOUTHEAST QUEENSLAND; REDD PLUS; CARBON; BIODIVERSITY; GOVERNANCE; MANAGEMENT; DEFORESTATION; CONSEQUENCES; CONSERVATION; DEGRADATION AB Selective logging (SL) contributes nearly 15 percent of the global timber needs. Considering its role in sustainable timber production, biodiversity conservation and forest carbon enhancement, assessment of SL policies and practices is crucial. This paper assesses the policies and practices of SL in natural production forests of the Tarai region of Nepal and Queensland Australia to explore the key differences in such policies and practices and their possible implications in achieving sustainable forest management objectives. The primary methods applied in the study were review and synthesis of key policy documents and qualitative analysis of the information gathered from key informant interviews and stakeholders' workshop. Altogether, 53 respondents from a wide range of stakeholder groups (government organizations-15, non-government organizations/networks-15, private sector including the individual landowners-13, local political leaders-3 and independent forest experts/scientists-7) were consulted. Findings suggest that: (1) frequent and inconsistent changes in policy provisions, lengthy administrative procedures and heavy engagement of state forest agencies in forest product harvesting and sales processes play key roles in sub-optimal forest production in Nepal, whereas lower dependency on forest-products, higher labour costs, lack of species-wise royalty rate and flexibility in selecting optional logs are the key factors for increased wastages of forest products in Queensland; (2) recovery and utilisation of the harvested forest product is better in Nepal but policy and practical considerations on biodiversity and environment are better in Queensland; and (3) Forest harvesting specific codes of practice, occupational health and safety standards, and their compliance mechanism of Queensland could be beneficial for Nepal to minimise operational harvesting risks and to attract professional harvesters that support promoting sustainable use and management of natural forests, as we found this aspect almost neglected in Nepal. C1 [Poudyal, Bishnu Hari; Maraseni, Tek; Cockfield, Geoff] Univ Southern Queensland, Ctr Sustainable Agr Syst, Toowoomba, Qld 4350, Australia. RP Maraseni, T (reprint author), Univ Southern Queensland, Ctr Sustainable Agr Syst, Toowoomba, Qld 4350, Australia. EM Bishnuhari.Poudyal@usq.edu.au; Tek.Maraseni@usq.edu.au; Geoff.Cockfield@usq.edu.au FU Office of the Research and Graduate Studies (ORGS) of University of Southern Queensland, Australia; HARIYO BAN Small Grant Programme of USAID/WWF Nepal FX This research work was supported by Office of the Research and Graduate Studies (ORGS) of University of Southern Queensland, Australia and HARIYO BAN Small Grant Programme of USAID/WWF Nepal for financial support to carry out the study. NR 94 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-8377 EI 1873-5754 J9 LAND USE POLICY JI Land Use Pol. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 91 AR 104422 DI 10.1016/j.landusepol.2019.104422 PG 12 WC Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KH9GX UT WOS:000510958200026 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Schaak, H Musshoff, O AF Schaak, Henning Musshoff, Oliver TI Public preferences for pasture landscapes in Germany-A latent class analysis of a nationwide discrete choice experiment SO LAND USE POLICY LA English DT Article DE Discrete choice experiment; Landscape preferences; Latent class logit model; Livestock; Pasture landscapes ID ENDOGENEITY; WELFARE; MODELS; NONUSE; STATE AB Biodiversity, landscape aesthetics and grazing livestock have considerable relevance for agricultural production, however rarely considered in public landscape preferences research. This paper studies public preferences for pasture usage by the means of a discrete choice experiment using a representative sample of 449 individuals from Germany. Graphical representations of the choice sets were used to assess the preferences for the presence of livestock and typical pasture landscape elements. To account for preference heterogeneity, the paper utilised a latent-class logit model. Four different latent classes were identified. The results showed different preferences between the latent classes, not only in terms of the magnitude of the estimated parameters, but also in terms of the parameter signs. This indicated that there are multiple types of preferred pasture landscapes. Within the groups, the preference for livestock presence did not depend on its density. Furthermore, it was found that point elements were more important for the landscape preference than linear elements. The class membership probabilities were influenced by multiple sociodemographic variables, including the individual's residence. C1 [Schaak, Henning; Musshoff, Oliver] Univ Goettingen, Dept Agr Econ & Rural Dev, Pl Goettinger Sieben 5, D-37073 Gottingen, Germany. RP Schaak, H (reprint author), Univ Goettingen, Dept Agr Econ & Rural Dev, Pl Goettinger Sieben 5, D-37073 Gottingen, Germany. EM henning.schaak@agr.uni-goettingen.de; oliver.musshoff@agr.uni-goettingen.de FU Ministry for Science and Culture of Lower Saxony (MWK) through the collaborative research project "SAM, Analysis of Dairy Production: Grazing versus Indoor Housing of Dairy Cows" [ZN 2864]; German Research Foundation (DFG)German Research Foundation (DFG) [2569] FX The study was financially supported by the Ministry for Science and Culture of Lower Saxony (MWK) through the collaborative research project "SAM, Analysis of Dairy Production: Grazing versus Indoor Housing of Dairy Cows", Support Code: ZN 2864 and by the German Research Foundation (DFG) through Research Unit 2569 "Agricultural Land Markets - Efficiency and Regulation". Declarations of interest: none. NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-8377 EI 1873-5754 J9 LAND USE POLICY JI Land Use Pol. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 91 AR 104371 DI 10.1016/j.landusepol.2019.104371 PG 10 WC Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KH9GX UT WOS:000510958200072 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Shih, WY Mabon, L de Oliveira, JAP AF Shih, Wan-Yu Mabon, Leslie Puppim de Oliveira, Jose A. TI Assessing governance challenges of local biodiversity and ecosystem services: Barriers identified by the expert community SO LAND USE POLICY LA English DT Article DE Local governance; Biodiversity; Ecosystem services; Urban biodiversity; City governance ID CLIMATE-CHANGE ADAPTATION; GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE; URBAN; POLICY; SUSTAINABILITY; OPPORTUNITIES; CONSERVATION; LANDSCAPE; FRAMEWORK; INTEGRATION AB This paper assesses barriers to local biodiversity and ecosystem (BES) governance within cities, drawing on findings from an international expert survey encompassing 45 cities in 25 countries. BES is recognised as a key foundation for sustainable cities, yet current literature indicates that more clarity is needed on the factors which may undermine BES initiatives. Survey findings show broad agreement that officials in development sectors have inadequate BES knowledge, budgets for BES are insufficient, and planners in the locality lack knowledge about BES. Respondents not working for local governments were more likely to see policy change with administrations, budget limitations, and lack of expertise as barriers. Respondents for cities in less-developed countries agreed significantly more that there were harmful cultural activities, and were more concerned that inadequate consideration from governments at different scales and poor internal communication were barriers. Based on the findings, we suggest (a) a need to evaluate the effectiveness of collaboration both within government and between sectors; (b) the importance of building capacity within local government staff, both in techno-scientific knowledge and in engaging the policy landscape with this knowledge; and (c) the importance of further considering how BES conservation may relate to culturally meaningful practices. C1 [Shih, Wan-Yu] Ming Chuan Univ, Dept Urban Planning & Disaster Management, 5 De Ming Rd, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan. [Mabon, Leslie] Scottish Assoc Marine Sci, Oban PA37 1QA, Argyll, Scotland. [Puppim de Oliveira, Jose A.] Fundacao Getulia Vargas, EAESP, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Puppim de Oliveira, Jose A.] EBAPE, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. RP Shih, WY (reprint author), Ming Chuan Univ, Dept Urban Planning & Disaster Management, 5 De Ming Rd, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan. EM shih@mail.mcu.edu.tw; l.j.mabon@rgu.ac.uk; jose.puppim@fgv.br FU Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), JapanMinistry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan (MEXT)Japan Society for the Promotion of Science [11F01774] FX This study was funded by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (KAKEN) (2011-2013), Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), Japan [grant name: project number: 11F01774] held by the lead author under the position of JSPS-UNU postdoctoral fellow. The authors wish to thank ICLEI for the support in disseminating the survey information, and colleagues in UNU-IAS for help with questionnaire translation. Special thanks go to Andre Mader (formerly of ICLEI, CBD, and IPBES), who supported developing and disseminating the questionnaire. NR 102 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-8377 EI 1873-5754 J9 LAND USE POLICY JI Land Use Pol. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 91 AR 104291 DI 10.1016/j.landusepol.2019.104291 PG 15 WC Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KH9GX UT WOS:000510958200047 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Young, NE Evangelista, PH Mengitsu, T Leisz, S AF Young, Nicholas E. Evangelista, Paul H. Mengitsu, Tefera Leisz, Stephen TI Twenty-three years of forest cover change in protected areas under different governance strategies: A case study from Ethiopia's southern highlands SO LAND USE POLICY LA English DT Article DE Change detection; Conservation; Deforestation; Governance; Highlands; Landsat; Ownership; Random forests ID NYALA TRAGELAPHUS-BUXTONI; BALE-MOUNTAINS; LAND-USE; CONSERVATION; TRANSFORMATION; BIODIVERSITY; DYNAMICS; DEFORESTATION; DERIVATION; ECOSYSTEM AB Tropical deforestation has heightened the need for effective governance of protected areas aimed at conserving natural resources, biodiversity, and ecosystem services. The southern highlands of Ethiopia hold some of the largest expanses of contiguous tropical forest in Ethiopia. This area also is undergoing rapid land conversion. Multiple protected areas with different management strategies and objectives have been established, in part, to conserve forests and the ecosystem services they provide. We examined four types of protected areas; a national park, a state-run forest enterprise, two occupied privately leased hunting concessions, and two unoccupied hunting concessions, to evaluate their effectiveness at protecting forest cover. We used 1509 field plots with medium-resolution Landsat imagery from 1987 to 2015 to develop models of forest cover at approximately five-year time intervals. We found protected areas that were actively managed for timber production or hunting were more effective at conserving forest cover than the national park and the unoccupied hunting concessions. Over the study period, net forest cover change was -7.8% for the national park, 12.9% for the state-run forest enterprise, -0.2% and 13.3% for the occupied hunting concessions and -14.0% and -13.0% for the unoccupied hunting concessions. We also discuss how the change in forest cover relates to historic political events. In places like Ethiopia where the federal resources needed to conserve forests are limited, promoting a network that includes both federally and non-federally managed protected areas can result in more area and forests under protection. C1 [Young, Nicholas E.; Evangelista, Paul H.] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, A223 NESB, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Mengitsu, Tefera] UNDP Minist Environm Forest & Climate Change, Inst Strengthening Forest Sector Dev Program, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. [Leisz, Stephen] Colorado State Univ, Dept Anthropol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Young, NE (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, A223 NESB, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM Nicholas.Young@Colostate.edu FU National Science FoundationNational Science Foundation (NSF) [1313728]; Murulle Foundation FX This research was supported by National Science Foundation (no. 1313728) and the Murulle Foundation. We would like to thank Bill Romme, Thomas Stohlgren and Tony Vorster for their comments on earlier drafts of this manuscript. NR 80 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-8377 EI 1873-5754 J9 LAND USE POLICY JI Land Use Pol. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 91 AR 104426 DI 10.1016/j.landusepol.2019.104426 PG 9 WC Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KH9GX UT WOS:000510958200038 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Zhang, YZ Chen, RS Wang, Y AF Zhang, Yuzhi Chen, Ruishan Wang, Yao TI Tendency of land reclamation in coastal areas of Shanghai from 1998 to 2015 SO LAND USE POLICY LA English DT Article DE Land reclamation; Urban ocean sprawl; Habitat degradation; InVEST model; Shanghai ID ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; CHONGMING ISLAND; OCEAN SPRAWL; URBAN-GROWTH; MANAGEMENT; CHINA; WETLAND; SIMULATION; JIANGSU; POLICY AB Coastal land reclamation is one of the major human interventions in the coastal areas, it is a process undergo in many parts of the world. Land reclamation supplies land for development with urgent needs for coastal cities, and creates the opportunity for rapid urbanization, however, it also influences the integrity of the coastal ecosystem and results in a decline in biodiversity and ecosystem services. Over-exploitation and unreasonable use of coastal land has been a major issue and became a threat to ecological security in China. This paper analyzed the coastal land expansion and utilization process from 1980 to 2015 in Shanghai through remote sensing image processing and field investigations. The process of land reclamation in Shanghai and the effect of land use transformation on natural wetlands and the quality of the natural habitat are explored by analyzing land use and land cover change and modeling ecosystem services change by Integrated valuation of ecosystem services and tradeoffs (InVEST) model. The results show that the urban 'ocean sprawl' in Shanghai has increased by similar to 10 % from 1980 to 2015 which transformed natural wetlands into construction land significantly. Despite strict control over the quality of reclamation projects and appropriate compensation with artificial wetlands, the natural habitat damage caused by reclamation increases exponentially in the past few decades. Recently the policies have changed from encouraging human reclamation to prohibit all kinds of land reclamation programs from national to local scales. It has major policy implications for future coastal habitat conservation. This paper gives an overview of the land reclamation in Shanghai and its impact on natural habitat that can foster the related policies to promote healthier and more reasonable urbanization during the economic transformation. C1 [Zhang, Yuzhi; Chen, Ruishan] East China Normal Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Geog Informat Sci, Sch Geog Sci, 500 Dongchuan Rd, Shanghai 200241, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Yuzhi; Chen, Ruishan] East China Normal Univ, Inst Ecochongming, 500 Dongchuan Rd, Shanghai 200241, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Yuzhi] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Wang, Yao] China Geol Survey, Dev Res Ctr, Beijing 100037, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Yuzhi; Chen, Ruishan] East China Normal Univ, Sch Geog Sci, Shanghai 201100, Peoples R China. RP Chen, RS (reprint author), East China Normal Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Geog Informat Sci, Sch Geog Sci, 500 Dongchuan Rd, Shanghai 200241, Peoples R China.; Chen, RS (reprint author), East China Normal Univ, Inst Ecochongming, 500 Dongchuan Rd, Shanghai 200241, Peoples R China.; Chen, RS (reprint author), East China Normal Univ, Sch Geog Sci, Shanghai 201100, Peoples R China. EM 10154304143@stu.ecnu.edu.cn; chenrsh04@gmail.com; 565601371@qq.com FU National Key R&D Program of China [2017YFC1503001]; National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [41771119, 41701186]; Research Fund of the Geological Mineral Resources and Environmental Exploration Program [DD20190463]; Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem and Biogeochemistry [MEB201713]; Institute of Eco-Chongming (IEC) FX This study has been conducted with the support from the National Key R&D Program of China (2017YFC1503001), the National Natural Science Foundation of China [grant number 41771119 & 41701186], the Research Fund of the Geological Mineral Resources and Environmental Exploration Program [DD20190463], Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem and Biogeochemistry [grant number MEB201713] and funding from Institute of Eco-Chongming (IEC). We are grateful for the insightful and constructive comments of the anonymous reviewers. There are no conflicts of interest among the researchers. All authors contributed equally to this work. NR 53 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-8377 EI 1873-5754 J9 LAND USE POLICY JI Land Use Pol. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 91 AR 104370 DI 10.1016/j.landusepol.2019.104370 PG 10 WC Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KH9GX UT WOS:000510958200071 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Danovaro, R Fanelli, E Aguzzi, J Billett, D Carugati, L Corinaldesi, C Dell'Anno, A Gjerde, K Jamieson, AJ Kark, S McClain, C Levin, L Levin, N Ramirez-Llodra, E Ruhl, H Smith, CR Snelgrove, PVR Thomsen, L Van Dover, CL Yasuhara, M AF Danovaro, Roberto Fanelli, Emanuela Aguzzi, Jacopo Billett, David Carugati, Laura Corinaldesi, Cinzia Dell'Anno, Antonio Gjerde, Kristina Jamieson, Alan J. Kark, Salit McClain, Craig Levin, Lisa Levin, Noam Ramirez-Llodra, Eva Ruhl, Henry Smith, Craig R. Snelgrove, Paul V. R. Thomsen, Laurenz Van Dover, Cindy L. Yasuhara, Moriaki TI Ecological variables for developing a global deep-ocean monitoring and conservation strategy SO NATURE ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION LA English DT Article ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; BODY-SIZE; FOOD LIMITATION; SEA; BIODIVERSITY; WATER; IMPACT; SHIFTS; PRODUCTIVITY; COMMUNITIES AB Expert elicitation methods identify a set of essential ecological variables that may be used to guide effective conservation and management of the deep sea. The deep sea (>200 m depth) encompasses >95% of the world's ocean volume and represents the largest and least explored biome on Earth (<0.0001% of ocean surface), yet is increasingly under threat from multiple direct and indirect anthropogenic pressures. Our ability to preserve both benthic and pelagic deep-sea ecosystems depends upon effective ecosystem-based management strategies and monitoring based on widely agreed deep-sea ecological variables. Here, we identify a set of deep-sea essential ecological variables among five scientific areas of the deep ocean: (1) biodiversity; (2) ecosystem functions; (3) impacts and risk assessment; (4) climate change, adaptation and evolution; and (5) ecosystem conservation. Conducting an expert elicitation (1,155 deep-sea scientists consulted and 112 respondents), our analysis indicates a wide consensus amongst deep-sea experts that monitoring should prioritize large organisms (that is, macro- and megafauna) living in deep waters and in benthic habitats, whereas monitoring of ecosystem functioning should focus on trophic structure and biomass production. Habitat degradation and recovery rates are identified as crucial features for monitoring deep-sea ecosystem health, while global climate change will likely shift bathymetric distributions and cause local extinction in deep-sea species. Finally, deep-sea conservation efforts should focus primarily on vulnerable marine ecosystems and habitat-forming species. Deep-sea observation efforts that prioritize these variables will help to support the implementation of effective management strategies on a global scale. C1 [Danovaro, Roberto; Fanelli, Emanuela; Carugati, Laura; Dell'Anno, Antonio] Polytech Univ Marche, Dept Life & Environm Sci, Ancona, Italy. [Danovaro, Roberto] Stn Zool Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy. [Aguzzi, Jacopo] CSIC, ICM, Barcelona, Spain. [Billett, David; Ruhl, Henry] Natl Oceanog Ctr, Southampton, Hants, England. [Corinaldesi, Cinzia] Polytech Univ Marche, Dept Sci & Engn Mat Environm & Urban Planning SIM, Ancona, Italy. [Gjerde, Kristina] IUCN Global Marine & Polar Programme, Gland, Switzerland. [Jamieson, Alan J.] Newcastle Univ, Sch Nat & Environm Sci, Newcastle Upon Tyne, Tyne & Wear, England. [Kark, Salit] Univ Queensland, Sch Biol Sci, Biodivers Res Grp, Ctr Biodivers & Conservat Sci, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. [McClain, Craig] Louisiana Univ Marine Consortium, Chauvin, LA 70344 USA. [Levin, Lisa] Univ Calif, Ctr Marine Biodivers & Conservat, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA USA. [Levin, Lisa] Univ Calif, Integrat Oceanog Div, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA USA. [Levin, Noam] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Dept Geog, Jerusalem, Israel. [Ramirez-Llodra, Eva] Norwegian Inst Water Res, Oslo, Norway. [Ruhl, Henry] Monterey Bay Aquarium Res Inst, Moss Landing, CA USA. [Smith, Craig R.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Oceanog, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Snelgrove, Paul V. R.] Mem Univ Newfoundland, Dept Ocean Sci, St John, NF, Canada. [Snelgrove, Paul V. R.] Mem Univ Newfoundland, Dept Biol, St John, NF, Canada. [Thomsen, Laurenz] Jacobs Univ, Bremen, Germany. [Van Dover, Cindy L.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Div Marine Sci & Conservat, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Yasuhara, Moriaki] Univ Hong Kong, Sch Biol Sci, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Yasuhara, Moriaki] Univ Hong Kong, Swire Inst Marine Sci, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. RP Danovaro, R (reprint author), Polytech Univ Marche, Dept Life & Environm Sci, Ancona, Italy.; Danovaro, R (reprint author), Stn Zool Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy. EM r.danovaro@univpm.it RI Kark, Salit/C-6795-2016 OI Kark, Salit/0000-0002-7183-3988 NR 108 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2397-334X J9 NAT ECOL EVOL JI Nat. Ecol. Evol. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 4 IS 2 BP 181 EP + DI 10.1038/s41559-019-1091-z PG 14 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA KH6WM UT WOS:000510791900006 PM 32015428 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Delgado-Baquerizo, M Reich, PB Trivedi, C Eldridge, DJ Abades, S Alfaro, FD Bastida, F Berhe, AA Cutler, NA Gallardo, A Garc?a-Vel?zquez, L Hart, SC Hayes, PE He, JZ Hseu, ZY Hu, HW Kirchmair, M Neuhauser, S P?rez, CA Reed, SC Santos, F Sullivan, BW Trivedi, P Wang, JT Weber-Grullon, L Williams, MA Singh, BK AF Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel Reich, Peter B. Trivedi, Chanda Eldridge, David J. Abades, Sebastian Alfaro, Fernando D. Bastida, Felipe Berhe, Asmeret A. Cutler, Nick A. Gallardo, Antonio Garcia-Velazquez, Laura Hart, Stephen C. Hayes, Patrick E. He, Ji-Zheng Hseu, Zeng-Yei Hu, Hang-Wei Kirchmair, Martin Neuhauser, Sigrid Perez, Cecilia A. Reed, Sasha C. Santos, Fernanda Sullivan, Benjamin W. Trivedi, Pankaj Wang, Jun-Tao Weber-Grullon, Luis Williams, Mark A. Singh, Brajesh K. TI Multiple elements of soil biodiversity drive ecosystem functions across biomes SO NATURE ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION LA English DT Article ID MICROBIAL DIVERSITY; STERILIZATION METHODS; NETWORK ANALYSIS; COMMUNITY; MULTIFUNCTIONALITY; SEQUENCES; BACTERIA; CARBON AB The role of soil biodiversity in regulating multiple ecosystem functions is poorly understood, limiting our ability to predict how soil biodiversity loss might affect human wellbeing and ecosystem sustainability. Here, combining a global observational study with an experimental microcosm study, we provide evidence that soil biodiversity (bacteria, fungi, protists and invertebrates) is significantly and positively associated with multiple ecosystem functions. These functions include nutrient cycling, decomposition, plant production, and reduced potential for pathogenicity and belowground biological warfare. Our findings also reveal the context dependency of such relationships and the importance of the connectedness, biodiversity and nature of the globally distributed dominant phylotypes within the soil network in maintaining multiple functions. Moreover, our results suggest that the positive association between plant diversity and multifunctionality across biomes is indirectly driven by soil biodiversity. Together, our results provide insights into the importance of soil biodiversity for maintaining soil functionality locally and across biomes, as well as providing strong support for the inclusion of soil biodiversity in conservation and management programmes. Combining field data from 83 sites on five continents, together with microcosm experiments, the authors show that nutrient cycling, decomposition, plant production and other ecosystem functions are positively associated with a higher diversity of a wide range of soil organisms. C1 [Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel; Gallardo, Antonio; Garcia-Velazquez, Laura] Univ Pablo de Olavide, Dept Sistemas Fis Quim & Nat, Seville, Spain. [Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel] Univ Alicante, Inst Multidisciplinar Estudio Medio Ramon Margale, San Vicente Del Raspeig, Spain. [Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel; Reich, Peter B.; Trivedi, Chanda; Wang, Jun-Tao; Singh, Brajesh K.] Univ Western Sydney, Hawkesbury Inst Environm, Penrith, NSW, Australia. [Reich, Peter B.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, St Paul, MN USA. [Eldridge, David J.] Univ New South Wales, Sch Biol Earth & Environm Sci, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [Abades, Sebastian; Alfaro, Fernando D.] Univ Mayor, GEMA Ctr Genom Ecol & Environm, Santiago, Chile. [Bastida, Felipe] CEBAS CSIC, Dept Soil & Water Conservat, Campus Univ Espinardo, Murcia, Spain. [Berhe, Asmeret A.; Hart, Stephen C.; Santos, Fernanda] Univ Calif Merced, Dept Life & Environm Sci, Merced, CA USA. [Berhe, Asmeret A.; Hart, Stephen C.; Santos, Fernanda] Univ Calif Merced, Sierra Nevada Res Inst, Merced, CA USA. [Cutler, Nick A.] Newcastle Univ, Sch Geog Polit & Sociol, Newcastle Upon Tyne, Tyne & Wear, England. [Hayes, Patrick E.] Univ Western Australia, Sch Biol Sci, Perth, WA, Australia. [Hayes, Patrick E.] Univ Western Australia, Ctr Microscopy Characterisat & Anal, Perth, WA, Australia. [Hayes, Patrick E.] Japan Int Res Ctr Agr Sci, Crop Livestock & Environm Div, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. [He, Ji-Zheng; Hu, Hang-Wei] Fujian Normal Univ, Sch Geog Sci, Minist Educ, Key Lab Humid Subtrop Ecogeog Proc, Fuzhou, Peoples R China. [He, Ji-Zheng; Hu, Hang-Wei] Univ Melbourne, Fac Vet & Agr Sci, Parkville, Vic, Australia. [Hseu, Zeng-Yei] Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Agr Chem, Taipei, Taiwan. [Kirchmair, Martin; Neuhauser, Sigrid] Univ Innsbruck, Inst Microbiol, Innsbruck, Austria. [Perez, Cecilia A.] Inst Ecol & Biodiversidad, Santiago, Chile. [Reed, Sasha C.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Moab, UT USA. [Sullivan, Benjamin W.] Univ Nevada, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [Trivedi, Pankaj] Colorado State Univ, Microbiome Cluster, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Trivedi, Pankaj] Colorado State Univ, Dept Agr Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Weber-Grullon, Luis] Arizona State Univ, Global Drylands Ctr, Tempe, AZ USA. [Weber-Grullon, Luis] Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Tempe, AZ USA. [Weber-Grullon, Luis] Arizona State Univ, Sch Sustainabil, Tempe, AZ USA. [Williams, Mark A.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Sch Plant & Environm Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Singh, Brajesh K.] Western Sydney Univ, Global Ctr Land Based Innovat, Penrith, NSW, Australia. RP Delgado-Baquerizo, M (reprint author), Univ Pablo de Olavide, Dept Sistemas Fis Quim & Nat, Seville, Spain.; Delgado-Baquerizo, M (reprint author), Univ Alicante, Inst Multidisciplinar Estudio Medio Ramon Margale, San Vicente Del Raspeig, Spain.; Delgado-Baquerizo, M (reprint author), Univ Western Sydney, Hawkesbury Inst Environm, Penrith, NSW, Australia. EM M.DelgadoBaquerizo@gmail.com RI ; Gallardo, Antonio/L-3941-2017 OI Alfaro Ayllon, Fernando Daniel/0000-0003-2922-1838; Abades, Sebastian/0000-0001-5704-4037; DELGADO-BAQUERIZO, MANUEL/0000-0002-6499-576X; Gallardo, Antonio/0000-0002-2674-4265 FU Department of Education and Training | Australian Research Council (ARC) [DP190103714]; EC | Horizon 2020 Framework Programme (EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation H2020) [702057] NR 51 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2397-334X J9 NAT ECOL EVOL JI Nat. Ecol. Evol. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 4 IS 2 BP 210 EP 220 DI 10.1038/s41559-019-1084-y PG 11 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA KH6WM UT WOS:000510791900009 PM 32015427 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Chandan, MC Nimish, G Bharath, HA AF Chandan, M. C. Nimish, G. Bharath, H. A. TI Analysing spatial patterns and trend of future urban expansion using SLEUTH SO SPATIAL INFORMATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Land surface temperature; Land use; SLEUTH; Urbanization ID LAND-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; URBANIZATION; DYNAMICS; IMPACTS; GROWTH; VALLEY; ISLAND AB With the onset of rapid urban growth in the past 3 decades, a developing country for instance India, Africa, etc. has resulted in climatic and environmental changes severely. Pace of urban growth has increased in India post 2000's because of key driving economic factors coupled with industrial development promoting job opportunities and promising better life style. This has led to cities expanding towards periphery and rural neighbourhood causing urban sprawl. Continuous increase in the built-up area is also responsible for rise in the surface temperature modifying the rainfall patterns and affecting the biodiversity of the region. This communication focuses mainly on the recent urban growth challenges and changing land surface temperature by developing Indian cities with very minimum landscape to house burgeoning population, immediate strategies and action-plan required to mitigate negative environmental impacts and effects on human beings. Further, the study attempts to correlate the dynamic land use change, land cover, land surface temperature and future urban growth scenario for one of the most systematically planned city of India, Chandigarh. Analysis was performed using open source coding and software platforms such as GRASS, QGIS and shell scripting. The study elaborates land use modelling for the year 2025 by adopting cellular automata based open source SLEUTH model The documentation and source code of SLEUTH model are publically available. The model was tested and calibrated in three different modes: coarse, fine and full resolution. The calibration mode showed high spread coefficient suggesting the urban sprawl would take organic growth. Open source software and coding would help in increased scientific output as it would help researchers understand the code that is being implemented and helps in improvisation of exiting codes to variety of applications. Results of this study would help in developing necessary policy measures and sustainable actions that are required to reduce anthropogenic effects on urban and natural environment. C1 [Chandan, M. C.; Nimish, G.; Bharath, H. A.] Indian Inst Technol Kharagpur, Ranbir & Chitra Gupta Sch Infrastruct Design & Ma, Kharagpur 721302, W Bengal, India. RP Bharath, HA (reprint author), Indian Inst Technol Kharagpur, Ranbir & Chitra Gupta Sch Infrastruct Design & Ma, Kharagpur 721302, W Bengal, India. EM bharath@infra.iitkgp.ac.in RI Aithal, Bharath/Q-7182-2016 OI Aithal, Bharath/0000-0002-4323-6254 FU Department of Science and Technology IndiaDepartment of Science & Technology (India) [ECR/2016/001254]; DST WEST BENGALDepartment of Science & Technology (India) [164(Sanc.)/ST/P/ST/10G-20/2017]; Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur [IIT/SRIC/ISIRD/2017-2018] FX The funding was provided by Department of Science and Technology India (Grant No. ECR/2016/001254), DST WEST BENGAL (Grant No. 164(Sanc.)/ST/P/S&T/10G-20/2017), Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur (Grant No. IIT/SRIC/ISIRD/2017-2018). NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER SINGAPORE PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA #04-01 CENCON I, 1 TANNERY RD, SINGAPORE 347719, SINGAPORE SN 2366-3286 EI 2366-3294 J9 SPAT INF RES JI Spat. Inf. Res. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 28 IS 1 BP 11 EP 23 DI 10.1007/s41324-019-00262-4 PG 13 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA KI7YE UT WOS:000511569100002 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Bhattacharya, RK Das Chatterjee, N Das, K AF Bhattacharya, Raj Kumar Das Chatterjee, Nilanjana Das, Kousik TI Impact of instream sand mining on habitat destruction or transformation using coupling models of HSI and MLR SO SPATIAL INFORMATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Instream sand mining; River ecosystem; Habitat degradation; Alteration; Habitat suitability ID MULTIPLE LOGISTIC-REGRESSION; RIVER; SEDIMENT; BIODIVERSITY; INFORMATION; POPULATION; KANGSABATI; DEPOSITION; RIPARIAN; GIS AB Several human activities like sand mining, dam construction have intensive effect on river ecosystem. Instream sand mining is one of them to hindrance on riverine biota. Hence, an attempt is made in this study to assess three tier habitat degradation or alteration caused by instream sand mining from channel bed to riparian and bank site in upper, middle and lower segments of Kangsabati River. Habitat Suitability Index (HSI) is applied to detect geo referenced ecological information on two different condition i.e. habitat suitability of two dominating species of Koeleria macrantha and Cynodon dactylon (pre mining) and degraded or altered habitat incorporated with mining responses (post mining). HSI prepared five different suitable class taken seven dominating variables i.e. river channel, sandchar, riparian zone, slope, elevation, dry and moist sand layer using multiple logistic regressions (MLR) under GIS platform. MLR denotes sandchar deposition, elevation as significant variables of Koeleriamacrantha dominance along the bank while moist sand layer, riparian zone signified on Cynodondactylon dominance across the riparian site. HSI indicates low-suitable class of Koeleriamacrantha and Cynodondactylon dominated in largest sand mining area as lower (82%, 86%), middle (58%, 89%) and upper segment (77%, 78%) whereas largest mining area under two dominant species reaches low-suitable class as lower (79%, 58%), middle (89%, 82%) and upper segment (92%, 70%) respectively. In spite of variables influence on species dominance, massive sand mining leads to destroy the habitat suitability. Therefore, in situ habitat suitability of dominant species either degraded or altered throughout the channel. C1 [Bhattacharya, Raj Kumar; Das Chatterjee, Nilanjana; Das, Kousik] Vidyasagar Univ, Dept Geog & Environm Management, Midnapore 721101, W Bengal, India. RP Bhattacharya, RK (reprint author), Vidyasagar Univ, Dept Geog & Environm Management, Midnapore 721101, W Bengal, India. EM rajgeovu10@gmail.com; nilanjana_vu@mail.vidyasagar.ac.in; kousikvugeo@gmail.com OI Das, Kousik/0000-0001-9948-1577 NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER SINGAPORE PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA #04-01 CENCON I, 1 TANNERY RD, SINGAPORE 347719, SINGAPORE SN 2366-3286 EI 2366-3294 J9 SPAT INF RES JI Spat. Inf. Res. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 28 IS 1 BP 67 EP 85 DI 10.1007/s41324-019-00271-3 PG 19 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA KI7YE UT WOS:000511569100006 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Sharma, BP Cho, SH AF Sharma, Bijay P. Cho, Seong-Hoon TI Using portfolio theory in spatial targeting of forest carbon payments: an effective strategy to address spatiotemporal variation in land-use opportunity costs? SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE forest carbon payment; economic growth uncertainty; modern portfolio theory; return on investment; spatial variance-covariance ID BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION; IMPLEMENTATION; SEQUESTRATION; MANAGEMENT; SERVICES; RISK; SIZE AB The objective of our research is to extend current conservation applications of modern portfolio theory (MPT) to develop a framework for the cost-efficient budget distribution for a forest carbon payment program that optimizes risk-reward trade-offs in the presence of economic growth uncertainty over time. We consider correlation across space and time of the fluctuating opportunity costs of restoring forestland under changing future economic conditions using a case study of eight states in the central and southern Appalachian region of the United States. The findings suggest that optimal budget allocation decisions that ignore the covariance component of the spatial variance-covariance structure of forest carbon returns fail to minimize the true risk of conservation investment for any level of expected return. The importance of incorporating the spatial covariance in targeting conservation payments is made explicit through alternative approaches using multi-objective (mean-variance) optimization and an ex post analysis with and without the covariance component of the spatial variance-covariance structure of forest carbon return on investment (ROI). A comparison of these approaches against our MPT-based approach revealed misleading risk-return expectations if the ROI covariance is ignored in the spatial targeting of forest carbon payments under uncertainty. C1 [Sharma, Bijay P.; Cho, Seong-Hoon] Univ Tennessee, Dept Agr & Resource Econ, 2621 Morgan Circle, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Sharma, BP (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Agr & Resource Econ, 2621 Morgan Circle, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM bsharma3@vols.utk.edu FU USDA National Institute of Food and AgricultureUnited States Department of Agriculture (USDA) [RI0018-W4133, 11401442, 111216290] FX We gratefully acknowledge grant support from USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (Grant/Award Nos. RI0018-W4133, 11401442, 111216290). We also gratefully acknowledge B. Wilson, J. Menard, L. Lambert, T. Kim, S. Kwon, J. Mingie, S. Moon, P. R. Armsworth, C.B. Sims, M. Soh, O.F. Bostick, J.G. Welch, M. Papes, and X. Giam for helpful discussion and data support, and D. Hayes and G. Chen for generating carbon outputs. The usual disclaimer applies. NR 61 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING PI OTTAWA PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 EI 1208-6037 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 50 IS 2 BP 170 EP 184 DI 10.1139/cjfr-2019-0270 PG 15 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA KH1FV UT WOS:000510393200009 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Crotteau, JS Rue-Johns, AZ Barnard, JC AF Crotteau, Justin S. Rue-Johns, Annelise Z. Barnard, Jeffrey C. TI Effects on understory biomass and forage 8-10 years after precommercial thinning of Sitka spruce - western hemlock stands in southeast Alaska SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Tongass-Wide Young-Growth Studies; Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis); western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla); FRESH-deer model; understory diversity ID TEMPERATE RAIN-FORESTS; PLANT-COMMUNITIES; VEGETATION; DEER; PRECIPITATION; BIODIVERSITY; DISTURBANCE; MANAGEMENT; INTENSITY; ISLAND AB In southeast Alaska, United States, multiple-use forest management objectives include both timber production and wildlife habitat. Following stand-replacing disturbances such as clear-cutting, Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carriere) and western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.) naturally regenerate and competitively dominate resources, excluding understory biomass and biodiversity. Thinning may mitigate the effects of canopy closure and permit understory development, but evidence of the effect on understories 8-10 years after thinning is lacking. We report results 4-5 and 8-10 years after thinning experiments on the Tongass National Forest to demonstrate the effects of precommercial thinning (thinned versus control), stand age (15-25, 25-35, and 35-50 years), and weather on understory dynamics and Sitka black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus sitkensis Merriam, 1898) forage availability. Stand density negatively affected understory biomass, whereas temperature and precipitation positively interacted to increase biomass. Thinning had an enduring effect on understories, with biomass at least twice as great in thinned versus unthinned stands through year 10. We identified compositional differences from thinning as stand age class increased. Deer forage responded similarly to biomass, but thinning-induced differences faded with increased winter snowfall scenarios, especially in older stands. This study aids the understanding of stand overstory and understory development following silvicultural treatments in the coastal temperate rain forest of Alaska and suggests management implications and applications for balancing objectives throughout the forest type. C1 [Crotteau, Justin S.; Rue-Johns, Annelise Z.; Barnard, Jeffrey C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Northwest Res Stn, 11175 Auke Lake Way, Juneau, AK 99801 USA. [Rue-Johns, Annelise Z.] Univ Colorado, Campus Box 171,POB 173364, Denver, CO 80217 USA. RP Crotteau, JS (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Northwest Res Stn, 11175 Auke Lake Way, Juneau, AK 99801 USA. EM justin.crotteau@usda.gov NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING PI OTTAWA PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 EI 1208-6037 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 50 IS 2 BP 215 EP 225 DI 10.1139/cjfr-2019-0268 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA KH1FV UT WOS:000510393200013 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Bravo, K Quintero, C Agudelo, C Garcia, S Brinez, A Osorio, E AF Bravo, Karent Quintero, Camilo Agudelo, Catalina Garcia, Stiveen Brinez, Adriana Osorio, Edison TI CosIng database analysis and experimental studies to promote Latin American plant biodiversity for cosmetic use SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS LA English DT Article DE Latin America biodiversity; Cosing; Cosmetic; Plants ID MEDICINAL-PLANTS; ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY; PHENOLIC CONTENT; FRUITS AB Although Latin America is one of the regions with the greatest plant diversity on the planet and, its commercial exploitation has not impacted the economic growth of Latin American countries, with the exception of Brazil. The great plant biodiversity of Latin American countries is an opportunity for the development of sustainable and innovative cosmetic ingredients and products. Some studies have focused on identifying the potential cosmetic use of Latin American plants. However, their commercial use is not possible due to their limited availability as raw materials, their safety has not been proven, and their lack of inclusion in international lists. This study analyzed plant species in the CosIng database for UV-filtering, UV-absorbing, bleaching, skin-protecting, and antioxidant functions and assayed the properties of potential plants by in vitro assays to promote the cosmetic use of biodiverse Latin American plants. The results showed that the majority of cosmetic ingredients listed in CosIng are from Asiatic plants, while 9 % are from Latin American plants. Approximately half of the registered plants in Casing are commercialized as cosmetic ingredients. In addition, 28 % of the plants registered in Coslng occur in Colombia, but of these, only 30 % are native. The experimental analysis showed that the Bixa orellana, Theobroma cacao, and Eugenia stipitata extracts had the highest skin protective activity due to their capacity to inhibit collagenase, elastase, and hyaluronidase enzymes. B. orellana and Euterpe oleracea extracts showed the highest antioxidant capacity, phenol contents, and spectrophotometric sun protection factor (SPFspectrophotometric) values. B. orellana, E. oleracea, and E. stipitata extracts showed photoprotective properties in human dermal fibroblasts due to the reduction of cell death, matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) production, and reactive oxygen spices (ROS) production and an increase in pro-collagen production after ultraviolet (UV) exposure. Finally, a list of Latin American plants with possible cosmetic applications is presented proving the great potential of Latin American plant biodiversity and its low commercial exploitation in the cosmetic industry. This study evidences the antioxidant and skin protecting actions of Latin American plants and it is presented as a tool for the identification of vegetable species of Latin American biodiversity with potential cosmetic use to sustainable and short-term commercial exploitation. C1 [Bravo, Karent; Quintero, Camilo; Agudelo, Catalina; Garcia, Stiveen; Brinez, Adriana; Osorio, Edison] Univ Antioquia, Fac Ciencias Farmaceut & Alimentarias, Grp Invest Sustancias Bioact, Calle 70 52-21, Medellin, Colombia. RP Osorio, E (reprint author), Univ Antioquia, Fac Ciencias Farmaceut & Alimentarias, Grp Invest Sustancias Bioact, Calle 70 52-21, Medellin, Colombia. EM edison.osorio@udea.edu.co FU COLCIENCIASDepartamento Administrativo de Ciencia, Tecnologia e Innovacion Colciencias [671076459642, 101-2017]; Program of Postdoctoral Stays for COLCIENCIAS Beneficiary [C1451000000009472, FP144842-118-2018] FX This work was supported by COLCIENCIAS (Project 671076459642 - Contract 101-2017). Karent Bravo is grateful to the Program of Postdoctoral Stays for COLCIENCIAS Beneficiary for provision of a postdoctoral fellow-ship (Project C1451000000009472 - Contract FP144842-118-2018). The authors want to thank to David Munoz, Paola Cadena and Luisa Carrasquilla for their technical assistance. The authors are especially grateful to University of Antioquia (UdeA) for the important contribution in the development of this work. NR 65 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6690 EI 1872-633X J9 IND CROP PROD JI Ind. Crop. Prod. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 144 AR 112007 DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2019.112007 PG 13 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA KH3BP UT WOS:000510521700011 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Cassel, KD Hughes, C Higuchi, P Lee, PL Fagan, P Lono, J Ho, RG Wong, N Brady, SK Ahuna, W AF Cassel, Kevin D. Hughes, Claire Higuchi, Paula Lee, Palama Fagan, Pebbles Lono, Joelene Ho, Reginald Wong, Nathan Brady, S. Kalani Ahuna, William TI No Ke Ola Pono o Na Kane: A Culturally Grounded Approach to Promote Health Improvement in Native Hawaiian Men SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MENS HEALTH LA English DT Article DE culture; men's health interventions; cancer prevention; men of color; social support AB In Hawai'i, Native Hawaiian men (kane) have the highest death rate from colon cancer among all ethnic groups. While screening can prevent 90% of these cancers, data show that >58% of kane over age 50 have never been screened. Prior research has demonstrated that community-based social networks may help kane adopt healthy behaviors such as cancer screening, however, few studies have activated such an approach. A cross-sectional study entitled No Ke Ola Pono o Na Kane (for the good health of men) was conducted statewide in Hawai'i from 2014 to 2018. The study strived to perpetuate the Native Hawaiian traditional practice of "hale mua" (men's house) to promote healthy behaviors among kane including the adoption of colon cancer prevention strategies such as fecal immunochemical testing (FIT). The study applied a peer-led intervention model using kane volunteers to deliver the program's educational components, including standardized materials to help the volunteers confidently conduct the sessions. Of the 378 kane who were recruited into the study, 232 participated in the colorectal session of which 64% (n = 149) were over age 50. Survey data from the 149 kane indicated that 31% had not discussed colon health or screening with their doctors but 92% had improved their knowledge about colon health from the session. In addition, 76% (n = 113) agreed to complete a FIT. Session evaluations indicated that >91% of kane liked the hale mua approach and benefited from talking with other kane about their health. C1 [Cassel, Kevin D.; Higuchi, Paula] Univ Hawaii, Ctr Canc, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Hughes, Claire; Lono, Joelene] Nat Hawaiian Healthcare Syst Oahu, Ke Ola Mamo, Honolulu, HI USA. [Lee, Palama] Liliuokalani Trust, Honolulu, HI USA. [Fagan, Pebbles] Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. [Ho, Reginald] Amer Canc Soc, Honolulu, HI USA. [Wong, Nathan; Brady, S. Kalani; Ahuna, William] Univ Hawaii, John A Burns Sch Med, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Cassel, KD (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, Ctr Canc, Populat Sci Pacific Canc Prevent, 701 Ilalo St, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA. EM kevin@cc.hawaii.edu FU Hawai'i Medical Service Association Foundation [NH-011404]; Hawai'i Comprehensive Cancer Control Program through the CDC [5658DP000799-04] FX The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This work was support by funds from the Hawai'i Medical Service Association Foundation (NH-011404) and a grant from the Hawai'i Comprehensive Cancer Control Program through the CDC Cooperative Agreement No. 5658DP000799-04. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1557-9883 EI 1557-9891 J9 AM J MENS HEALTH JI Am. J. Mens Health PD FEB PY 2020 VL 14 IS 1 AR 1557988319893886 DI 10.1177/1557988319893886 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA KH8ZU UT WOS:000510939700001 PM 32008466 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Swainson, MG Batterham, AM Hind, K AF Swainson, Michelle Grace Batterham, Alan Mark Hind, Karen TI Age- and sex-specific reference intervals for visceral fat mass in adults SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY LA English DT Article ID X-RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; STATISTICAL-METHODS; PRECISION; IDXA; QUANTIFICATION AB Background/Objectives Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is becoming a method of choice for the assessment of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) but the lack of robust reference ranges presents a challenge to the interpretation of VAT in clinical practice, research settings, and the athletic environment. The objective of this study was to develop age- and sex-specific reference intervals for DXA-derived VAT mass. Subjects/Methods The reference group comprised 3219 adults (1886 general population, 42% women; 1333 athletes, 11% women) in the United Kingdom, aged 18-83 years. Total body scans were performed using a GE Lunar iDXA and VAT analyses were enabled through Corescan software (Encore version 15.0). Age-specific reference ranges were derived in samples stratified by sex and general population/ athlete status. We modelled the mean and SD of Box-Cox transformed VAT mass as a function of age with a generalised least squares method using fractional polynomials (Stata (R) -xrigls- program). Centile values were then back-transformed to provide reference intervals on the original scale. Results In general population samples, average VAT mass increases with age up until around 65-70 years, and then begins to decline at older ages, though data are relatively sparse at the upper end of the age range. In athletes, on average, VAT mass increases with advancing age in men and women. Both 95 and 98% reference ranges are presented in 5-year increments in all samples, and we provide equations to enable the calculation of any centile, for any age within the range. Conclusions These reference data can aid the interpretation of VAT mass specific to an individual's sex, age, and athletic status, increasing the utility and applicability of DXA-derived VAT assessments. Additional research is needed in adults over 65 years and female athletes, with different DXA devices, across different ethnic groups and specific sports. C1 [Swainson, Michelle Grace] Univ Lancaster, Fac Hlth & Med, Lancaster Med Sch, Lancaster, England. [Batterham, Alan Mark] Teesside Univ, CRESS, Middlesbrough, Cleveland, England. [Hind, Karen] Univ Durham, Dept Sport & Exercise Sci, Durham, England. RP Swainson, MG (reprint author), Univ Lancaster, Fac Hlth & Med, Lancaster Med Sch, Lancaster, England. EM m.swainson1@lancaster.ac.uk OI BATTERHAM, ALAN/0000-0002-7865-7227; Swainson, Michelle/0000-0002-5223-8710 FU Medical Research CouncilMedical Research Council UK (MRC) [MR/K02325X/1] NR 35 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0307-0565 EI 1476-5497 J9 INT J OBESITY JI Int. J. Obes. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 44 IS 2 BP 289 EP 296 DI 10.1038/s41366-019-0393-1 PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA KH6IC UT WOS:000510753800003 PM 31201361 OA Green Accepted DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Certner, M Kolar, F Frajman, B Winkler, M Schonswetter, P AF Certner, Martin Kolar, Filip Frajman, Bozo Winkler, Manuela Schoenswetter, Peter TI Massive introgression weakens boundaries between a regionally endemic allopolyploid and a widespread congener SO PERSPECTIVES IN PLANT ECOLOGY EVOLUTION AND SYSTEMATICS LA English DT Article DE Allopolyploidy; Biodiversity conservation; Caprifoliaceae; Central Alps; Endemism; Introgressive hybridisation ID NUCLEAR-DNA CONTENT; EVOLUTIONARY CONSEQUENCES; HYBRIDIZATION; POLYPLOIDY; EXTINCTION; RARE; PLANTS; PHYLOGEOGRAPHY; SPECIATION; HOTSPOTS AB Polyploidy is a significant driver of plant diversity and is, along with homoploid hybridisation, widely accepted as a common and important evolutionary force in plants. Here, we employed Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) fingerprinting, ploidy level and genome size determination via flow cytometry and morphometry in order to disentangle origin and evolutionary history of tetraploid Knautia norica, endemic to the eastern Central Alps in Austria. Our data clearly support parapatric diploid K. carinthiaca, endemic to a single mountain slope, as one of the parental species. The AFLP data as well as morphological evidence suggest cooccurring and widespread diploid K. arvensis as second parent. Allopolyploidisation has thus obviously contributed to the greater evolutionary success of K. norica, compared with its stenoendemic progenitor K. carinthiaca. There is strong evidence for recent massive introgression of morphologically divergent K. drymeia into K. norica, which might present a threat to the long-term persistence of the latter species due to genetic erosion. C1 [Certner, Martin; Kolar, Filip] Charles Univ Prague, Dept Bot, Benatska 2, Prague 12801, Czech Republic. [Certner, Martin; Kolar, Filip] Czech Acad Sci, Inst Bot, Zamek 1, Pruhonice 25243, Czech Republic. [Kolar, Filip; Frajman, Bozo; Schoenswetter, Peter] Univ Innsbruck, Dept Bot, Sternwartestr 15, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Winkler, Manuela] Austrian Acad Sci, Inst Interdisciplinary Mt Res, GLORIA Coordinat, A-1190 Vienna, Austria. [Winkler, Manuela] Univ Nat Resources & Life Sci Vienna, Dept Integrat Biol & Biodivers Res, A-1190 Vienna, Austria. RP Certner, M (reprint author), Charles Univ Prague, Dept Bot, Benatska 2, Prague 12801, Czech Republic. EM martin.certner@gmail.com FU program Wissenschaftlich-technische Zusammenarbeit (WTZ) from the Austrian Exchange Service (OeAD); Czech Academy of SciencesCzech Academy of Sciences [RVO 67985939] FX We thank D. Pirkebner and M. Magauer for their excellent laboratory work and W. Obermayer for providing a photograph of Knautia drymeia. A collecting permit (08-NSCH-140/19-2013 to P.S.) was issued by the Amt der Karntner Landesregierung. The present study was partly financed by the program Wissenschaftlich-technische Zusammenarbeit (WTZ) from the Austrian Exchange Service (OeAD) (project "Acrossand within-ploidy hybridisation of rare Czech and Austrian endemics of Knautia (Dipsacaceae)" to P.S. and Tomas Fer). Additional support was provided by the Czech Academy of Sciences (long-term research development project no. RVO 67985939). NR 70 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER GMBH PI MUNICH PA HACKERBRUCKE 6, 80335 MUNICH, GERMANY SN 1433-8319 J9 PERSPECT PLANT ECOL JI Perspect. Plant Ecol. Evol. Syst. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 42 AR 125502 DI 10.1016/j.ppees.2019.125502 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KH7UT UT WOS:000510855800003 OA Bronze DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Muller, CM Linke, B Strickert, M Ziv, Y Giladi, I Gemeinholzer, B AF Mueller, Christina M. Linke, Burkhard Strickert, Marc Ziv, Yaron Giladi, Itamar Gemeinholzer, Birgit TI Comparative genomic analysis of three co-occurring annual Asteraceae along micro-geographic fragmentation scenarios SO PERSPECTIVES IN PLANT ECOLOGY EVOLUTION AND SYSTEMATICS LA English DT Article DE Genotype by sequencing (GBS); Environmental gradient; Genomic signals of adaptation; Habitat fragmentation; Range edge ID GENETIC DIVERSITY; POPULATION-GENETICS; PLANT; LANDSCAPE; EVOLUTION; ECOLOGY; LOCI; SIZE; METACOMMUNITY; BIODIVERSITY AB This is the first population genomic analysis that examines micro-evolutionary changes in co-occurring plant species, in fragmented habitats, along a precipitation gradient. We applied Genotype-by-Sequencing (GBS) on three different annual Asteraceae on the same sites that share similar life history strategies, but different pollination and dispersal strategies (Catananche lutea, Geropogon hybridus, Urospermum picroides). We tested if the genetic diversity for all species correlates with effective population sizes along the precipitation gradient and whether therefore genetic drift drives evolution at range edges. However, our results support this hypothesis for only one species (C. lutea) but refute it for the other two. Potential genomic signals of adaptation to the high precipitation gradient were found only in one species (U. picroides). We also tested if species with complex pollination and diversified dispersal strategies are less affected by small scale habitat fragmentation, but the opposite is true. Biological differences between the species studied (pollination and dispersal) explain population genetic differences along the precipitation gradient at range edges rather than environmental filters. Pairwise correlation analyses showed no or only weak similarities in the accumulation of mutations in the different species. Our results suggest that the processes driving evolution in different co-occurring species are different, so that most genomic similarities in our investigations may only represent temporary stages in evolution. C1 [Mueller, Christina M.; Gemeinholzer, Birgit] Justus Liebig Univ Giessen, Systemat Bot, Heinrich Buff Ring 38, D-35392 Giessen, Germany. [Linke, Burkhard] Justus Liebig Univ Giessen, Bioinformat & Syst Biol, Heinrich Buff Ring 58, D-35392 Giessen, Germany. [Strickert, Marc] Justus Liebig Univ Giessen, Phys Inst 2, Heinrich Buff Ring 16, Giessen, Germany. [Ziv, Yaron] Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Dept Life Sci, IL-84105 Beer Sheva, Israel. [Giladi, Itamar] Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Jacob Blaustein Inst Desert Res, Mitrani Dept Desert Ecol, Sede Boqer Campus, IL-84990 Midreshet Ben Gurion, Israel. RP Gemeinholzer, B (reprint author), Justus Liebig Univ Giessen, Systemat Bot, Heinrich Buff Ring 38, D-35392 Giessen, Germany. EM Birgit.Gemeinholzer@bot1.bio.uni-giessen.de FU German Science FoundationGerman Research Foundation (DFG) [DFG GE 1242/12-1]; BMBFFederal Ministry of Education & Research (BMBF) [FKZ 031A532 - 031A540] FX Funding was provided by the German Science Foundation (DFG GE 1242/12-1 to B. Gemeinholzer). Logistical support was provided by Annalena Mehl (JLU Giessen). Sabine Mutz (JLU Giessen) and Bertold Fartman (LGC Berlin) provided integral support in the laboratory for this project. Florian Jeltsch and Michael Ristow (University Potsdam) kindly introduced us to the study system. We thank the German Network for Bioinformatics Infrastructure (de.NBI project, funded by the BMBF FKZ 031A532 - 031A540) for the technical support. We also thank Annalena Traum for some of the drawings in Table 2 and Stephanie Swenson (JLU Giessen) and Tara Brown from an editorial service for the English revision. NR 89 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER GMBH PI MUNICH PA HACKERBRUCKE 6, 80335 MUNICH, GERMANY SN 1433-8319 J9 PERSPECT PLANT ECOL JI Perspect. Plant Ecol. Evol. Syst. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 42 AR 125486 DI 10.1016/j.ppees.2019.125486 PG 19 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KH7UT UT WOS:000510855800001 OA Bronze DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Qi, GZ Yin, SJ Zhang, GL Wang, X AF Qi, Guangzhao Yin, Shengju Zhang, Guoliang Wang, Xin TI Genetic and epigenetic polymorphisms of eNOS and CYP2D6 in mainland Chinese Tibetan, Mongolian, Uygur, and Han populations SO PHARMACOGENOMICS JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASE; SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS; CYTOCHROME-P450 2D6; FREQUENCIES; GENOTYPES; VARIANTS; DISEASE; G894T; RISK; ALLELE AB Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) are important in the cardiovascular disease susceptibility and drug response. The methylation of cytosine in the promoter of genes could influence expression. The interindividual differences of drug response could only be explained partly by the polymorphisms of drug disposition genes. This study was aimed to investigate the genetic and epigenetic polymorphisms of CYP2D6 and eNOS in Chinese Tibetan, Mongolian, Uygur, and Han volunteers. Blood samples were collected from 842 unrelated Chinese healthy subjects (323 Tibetan, 134 Mongolian, 162 Uygur, and 223 Han) for genotyping and part of the DNA samples were subjected to cytosine methylation analysis. Significant genetic and epigenetic interethnic polymorphisms of eNOS and CYP2D6 were found in the four Chinese groups. The 4b-G-T wild-type haplotype of eNOS was the most common in Chinese Tibetan (87.1%), Mongolian (79.9%), Uygur (76.4%), and Han (79.5%), respectively. eNOS T-786C creates a new CpG site and a significantly higher methylation level was found in -786CC than that in -786TC in Chinese Han (P = 0.0485) and total Chinese (P = 0.0104). CYP2D6 A-678 (rs28633410) makes the symmetrical CpG site changed to be an asymmetrical CpA site, and the methylation level of cytosine in the CpG context of G-678A was significantly higher than that in the CpA. The results of the present study could be useful for understanding the interindividual disparity of cardiovascular disease susceptibility and drug response among different Chinese ethnic groups and would provide more evidences for the precise medication of Chinese. C1 [Qi, Guangzhao] Zhengzhou Univ, Affiliated Hosp 1, Dept Pharm, Zhengzhou, Peoples R China. [Qi, Guangzhao; Yin, Shengju; Zhang, Guoliang; Wang, Xin] Peking Univ, Basic Med Sch, Dept Pharmacol, Beijing, Peoples R China. RP Qi, GZ (reprint author), Zhengzhou Univ, Affiliated Hosp 1, Dept Pharm, Zhengzhou, Peoples R China.; Qi, GZ (reprint author), Peking Univ, Basic Med Sch, Dept Pharmacol, Beijing, Peoples R China. EM qiguangzhao1223@sina.com OI Qi, Guangzhao/0000-0001-7258-6782 FU National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [30973585, 91029747]; Beijing University Center for Human Disease Genomics [2000A-1] FX The study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants No. 30973585 and No. 91029747), and the Beijing University Center for Human Disease Genomics (Grant No. 2000A-1). NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1470-269X EI 1473-1150 J9 PHARMACOGENOMICS J JI Pharmacogenomics J. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 20 IS 1 BP 114 EP 125 DI 10.1038/s41397-019-0104-2 PG 12 WC Genetics & Heredity; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Genetics & Heredity; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA KH7WQ UT WOS:000510861200011 PM 31616043 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Chung, S Huang, QW LaMori, J Doshi, D Romanelli, RJ AF Chung, Sukyung Huang, Qiwen LaMori, Joyce Doshi, Dilesh Romanelli, Robert J. TI Patient-Reported Experiences in Discussing Prescribed Medications with a Health Care Provider: Evidence for Racial/Ethnic Disparities in a Large Health Care Delivery System SO POPULATION HEALTH MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE patient experience; patient-provider communication; shared decision making; prescription medication; race; ethnicity; cardiometabolic conditions ID RACE-CONCORDANCE; COMMUNICATION; SATISFACTION; PARTICIPATION; ETHNICITY; LANGUAGE; QUALITY; GENDER AB The objective was to understand patient-reported experiences in communicating with a health care provider about prescribed medications in a health care setting serving diverse racial/ethnic groups. Adult patients who completed a patient-experience survey and received a prescription for a hypertension, hyperlipidemia, or diabetes medication at the surveyed encounter were studied (N = 19,006). Data were collected in a large mixed-payer outpatient health care system in northern California between 2011 and 2014. Surveys were linked to the electronic health records of the office visit to which the survey refers, with detailed information on visit content, provider, and patient characteristics. The focus was on 2 survey questions asking about providers' efforts to include patients in treatment decisions and the information received about medications. Logistic regression was used to assess factors associated with survey responses, which were dichotomized as very good or not (ie, good, fair, poor, very poor). Chinese (OR: 0.59; 95% CI: 0.50-0.70), Asian Indians (0.68; 0.54-0.84), Japanese (0.74; 0.57-0.98), Koreans (0.46; 0.25-0.83), Vietnamese (0.51; 0.27-0.98), and African Americans (0.74; 0.55-0.99) vs. non-Hispanic whites (NHWs) reported poorer experiences of involvement in treatment decisions. Similarly, Chinese (0.59; 0.49-0.70), Asian Indians (0.67; 0.54-0.83), Koreans (0.38; 0.21-0.70), Vietnamese (0.46; 0.25-0.87), African Americans (0.65; 0.49-0.87), and Mexicans (0.77; 0.61-0.98) vs. NHWs reported poorer experiences for information received about medications. Almost all racial/ethnic groups report poorer experiences with involvement in treatment decisions and information received about medications than NHWs in the same clinical setting, which may contribute to poorer adherence and outcomes among racial/ethnic minority groups. C1 [Chung, Sukyung; Huang, Qiwen; Romanelli, Robert J.] Sutter Hlth, Palo Alto Med Fdn Res Inst, 795 El Camino Real, Palo Alto, CA 94301 USA. [LaMori, Joyce; Doshi, Dilesh] Janssen Sci Affairs LLC, Titusville, NJ USA. RP Chung, S (reprint author), Sutter Hlth, Palo Alto Med Fdn Res Inst, 795 El Camino Real, Palo Alto, CA 94301 USA. EM chungs1@sutterhealth.org FU Janssen Scientific Affairs; Agency for Healthcare Research and QualityUnited States Department of Health & Human ServicesAgency for Healthcare Research & Quality; Janssen Inc.Johnson & Johnson USAJanssen Biotech Inc FX Drs. Chung and Romanelli and Ms. Huang declare they have no conflict of interest. Ms. LaMori and Dr. Doshi are employees of Janssen Inc., a funder of this study. This study was supported by Janssen Scientific Affairs and the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1942-7891 EI 1942-7905 J9 POPUL HEALTH MANAG JI Popul. Health Manag. PD FEB 1 PY 2020 VL 23 IS 1 BP 78 EP 84 DI 10.1089/pop.2018.0206 PG 7 WC Health Care Sciences & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA KH7FK UT WOS:000510815500011 PM 31013464 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Muller, WK Dandara, C Manning, K Mhandire, D Ensor, J Barday, Z Freercks, R AF Muller, W. K. Dandara, C. Manning, K. Mhandire, D. Ensor, J. Barday, Z. Freercks, R. TI CYP3A5 polymorphisms and their effects on tacrolimus exposure in an ethnically diverse South African renal transplant population SO SAMJ SOUTH AFRICAN MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID TROUGH BLOOD-LEVELS; INTRAPATIENT VARIABILITY; GENETIC POLYMORPHISMS; ABCB1 POLYMORPHISMS; DOSE REQUIREMENTS; ACUTE REJECTION; PHARMACOKINETICS; GENOTYPE; CYCLOSPORINE; VARIANTS AB Background. Tacrolimus forms the cornerstone for immunosuppression in solid-organ transplantation. It has a narrow therapeutic window with wide inter- and intra-patient variability (IPV). Cytochrome P-450 3A5 (CYP3A5) is the main enzyme involved in tacrolimus metabolism, and rs776746A>G is the most frequently studied polymorphism in the CYP3A5 gene. The rs776746A>G (i.e. CYP3A5(star)3) single-nucleotide polymorphism in CYP3A5 alters tacrolimus predose trough concentration (C-0) and may also affect IPV, which may lead to immune- and/or drug-mediated allograft injury. CYP3A5(star)3 may result in absent ((star)3/(star)3), partial ((star)1/(star)3) or normal ((star)1/(star)1) CYP3A5 expression. The effect of CYP3A5(star)3 on tacrolimus exposure and variability has not been examined in South African (SA) transplant recipients. Objectives. To determine the frequencies and effect of CYP3A5 and adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette subfamily B member 1 (ABCB1) polymorphisms on tacrolimus C-0/dose ratios in different ethnic groups attending a tertiary renal transplant clinic in SA, and other factors that may explain inter- and IPV in tacrolimus C-0. Methods. All consenting stable renal transplant recipients on tacrolimus at the Livingstone Hospital Renal Unit in Port Elizabeth, SA, were included. Tacrolimus concentrations were obtained using a microparticle enzyme immunoassay method (ARCHITECT analyser, Abbott Laboratories). Polymerase chain reaction/restriction fragment length polymorphism was used to genotype for CYP3A5(star)3 and (star)6 allelic variants. Results. There were 43 participants (35% black African, 44% mixed ancestry and 21% white), with a mean age of 44.5 years, median duration post-transplant of 47 months and median (interquartile range) creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate levels of 118 (92 - 140) mu mol/L and 62 (49 - 76) mL/min at study inclusion. The mean tacrolimus C-0 in the study was 6.7 ng/mL, with no difference across the different ethnic groups. However, the mean total daily dose of tacrolimus required was 9.1 mg (0.12 mg/kg), 7.2 mg (0.09 mg/kg) and 4.3 mg (0.06 mg/kg) in black, mixed-ancestry and white patients, respectively (p=0.017). The frequencies for CYP3A5 expressors (i.e. CYP3A5(star)1/(star)1 + CYP3A5(star)1/(star)3 genotypes) were 72%, 100%, 76% and 12% for all patients combined and black, mixed-ancestry and white patients, respectively. The frequencies for CYP3A5 non-expressors (i.e. CYP3A5(star)3/(star)3 genotypes) were 0%, 24% and 88% among the black, mixed-ancestry and white patients, respectively. None of the patients carried the CYP3A5(star)6 allele. CYP3A5(star)1/(star)1 and CYP3A5(star)1/(star)3 genotype carriers required a two-fold increase in dose compared with the non-expressor genotype carriers, CYP3A5(star)3/(star)3 (p<0.05). CYP3A5(star)3/(star)3 carriers also demonstrated higher IPV than CYP3A5(star)1/(star)1 and (star)1/(star)3 carriers (18.1% v. 14.2%; p=0.125). Conclusions. Compared with global transplant populations, SA renal transplant recipients demonstrated a very high rate of CYP3A5 expression, with a significant impact on tacrolimus pharmacokinetics. Genetic variation in CYP3A5 expression affects tacrolimus dosing requirements, and knowing the CYP3A5 genotype of transplant patients may allow better dose prediction compared with current standard dosing recommendations in a multi-ethnic population. Overall, black African patients required higher doses of tacrolimus than their white counterparts. While further prospective studies are needed to better evaluate dosing algorithms, it would appear that the starting dose of tacrolimus should be higher in black and mixed-race patients. C1 [Muller, W. K.; Ensor, J.; Freercks, R.] Walter Sisulu Univ, Livingstone Hosp, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, Port Elizabeth, South Africa. [Muller, W. K.; Ensor, J.; Freercks, R.] Walter Sisulu Univ, Fac Hlth Sci, Port Elizabeth, South Africa. [Dandara, C.; Mhandire, D.] Univ Cape Town, Fac Hlth Sci, Dept Pathol, Div Human Genet,Pharmacogen & Drug Metab Grp, Cape Town, South Africa. [Dandara, C.; Mhandire, D.] Univ Cape Town, Inst Infect Dis & Mol Med, Cape Town, South Africa. [Manning, K.] Univ Cape Town, Groote Schuur Hosp, Dept Med, Cape Town, South Africa. [Manning, K.; Ensor, J.; Barday, Z.; Freercks, R.] Univ Cape Town, Fac Hlth Sci, Cape Town, South Africa. [Ensor, J.; Barday, Z.; Freercks, R.] Groote Schuur Hosp, Dept Med, Div Nephrol & Hypertens, Cape Town, South Africa. RP Muller, WK (reprint author), Walter Sisulu Univ, Livingstone Hosp, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, Port Elizabeth, South Africa.; Muller, WK (reprint author), Walter Sisulu Univ, Fac Hlth Sci, Port Elizabeth, South Africa. EM warrenmuller10@gmail.com FU Discovery Foundation; Amgen PharmaceuticalsAmgen FX This study was supported by educational grants from the Discovery Foundation and Amgen Pharmaceuticals. NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SA MEDICAL ASSOC PI PRETORIA PA BLOCK F CASTLE WALK CORPORATE PARK, NOSSOB STREET, ERASMUSKLOOF EXT3, PRETORIA, 0002, SOUTH AFRICA SN 0256-9574 EI 2078-5135 J9 SAMJ S AFR MED J JI SAMJ S. Afr. Med. J. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 110 IS 2 BP 159 EP 166 DI 10.7196/SAMJ.2020.v110i2.13969 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA KH4LF UT WOS:000510617600020 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Gallagher, MC Arnold, M Kadaub, E Culloty, S O'Riordan, RM McAllen, R Rachinskii, D AF Gallagher, M. C. Arnold, M. Kadaub, E. Culloty, S. O'Riordan, R. M. McAllen, R. Rachinskii, D. TI Competing barnacle species with a time dependent reproduction rate SO THEORETICAL POPULATION BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Competition model with time varying coefficients; Reproduction strategy; Biodiversity; Climate change; Monotone time map; Threshold ID HELGOLAND GERMAN BIGHT; AUSTROMINIUS-MODESTUS; ROCKY SHORE; MACROZOOBENTHOS; CONSEQUENCES; POPULATIONS; COEXISTENCE; INVASIONS; COMMUNITY; ABUNDANCE AB A simple competition model with time varying periodic coefficients, in which two species use different reproduction strategies, is explored in this paper. The two species considered comprise a native species which reproduces once a year over a short time period and an invasive species which is capable of reproducing throughout the entire year. A monotonicity property of the model is instrumental for its analysis. The model reveals that the time difference between the peak of reproduction for the two species is a critical factor in determining the outcome of competition between these species. The impact of climate change and an anthropogenic disturbance, comprising the creation of additional substrate, is also investigated using a modified model. The results of this paper describe how climate change will favour the invasive species by reducing the time period between the reproductive peaks of the two species and how the addition of new substrates is likely to endanger a small population of either of the two species, depending on the timing of the introduction of the substrates. (C) 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Gallagher, M. C.; Culloty, S.; O'Riordan, R. M.; McAllen, R.] Univ Coll Cork, Sch BEES, Cork, Ireland. [Gallagher, M. C.; Culloty, S.; O'Riordan, R. M.; McAllen, R.] Univ Coll Cork, Environm Res Inst, Cork, Ireland. [Arnold, M.; Kadaub, E.; Rachinskii, D.] Univ Texas Dallas, 800 W Campbell Rd, Richardson, TX 75080 USA. RP Rachinskii, D (reprint author), Univ Texas Dallas, 800 W Campbell Rd, Richardson, TX 75080 USA. EM Dmitry.Rachinskiy@utdallas.edu NR 55 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0040-5809 EI 1096-0325 J9 THEOR POPUL BIOL JI Theor. Popul. Biol. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 131 BP 12 EP 24 DI 10.1016/j.tpb.2019.11.001 PG 13 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA KH3DW UT WOS:000510527700003 PM 31730875 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Crouch, SH Botha-Le Roux, S Delles, C Graham, LA Schutte, AE AF Crouch, Simone H. Botha-Le Roux, Shani Delles, Christian Graham, Lesley A. Schutte, Aletta E. TI Distinct inflammatory mediator patterns in young black and white adults: The African-predict study SO CYTOKINE LA English DT Article DE Inflammatory mediators; Inflammation; Ethnicity; Blood pressure ID C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; ETHNIC-DIFFERENCES; SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; BLOOD-PRESSURE; ARTERIAL STIFFNESS; MARKERS; INTERLEUKIN-6; HYPERTENSION; IMMUNITY AB Objective: Inflammatory mediators have been implicated in the early stages of cardiovascular disease development, including hypertension. Since global reports reflect a higher hypertension prevalence in black than white populations, we hypothesise the involvement of specific inflammatory mediators. We therefore compared a detailed range of 22 inflammatory mediators between young black and white adults, and determined the relationship with blood pressure. Approach and results: We included 1197 adults (20-30 years; 50% black; 52% female) with detailed ambulatory blood pressures. Blood samples were analysed for 22 inflammatory mediators. For pro-inflammatory mediators, the black adults had higher C-reactive protein, interferon-inducible T-cell alpha chemoattractant, macrophage inflammatory protein 3 alpha (all p <= 0.008), but lower interferon-gamma, interleukin (IL)-1 beta, IL-8, IL-12, IL-17A, and tumour necrosis factor alpha (all p <= 0.048). For anti-inflammatory mediators the black group consistently had lower levels (IL-5, IL-10 and IL-13 (all p <= 0.012)), resulting in generally higher pro-to-anti-inflammatory ratios in black than white adults (p <= 0.001). In mediators with pro- and anti-inflammatory functions, the black group had lower granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and IL-6 (both p <= 0.010). These patterns were confirmed after adjustment for age, sex and waist circumference, or when stratifying by hypertensive status, sex and socio-economic status. Multi-variable adjusted regression analyses and factor analysis yielded no relationship between inflammatory mediators and blood pressure in this young healthy population. Conclusions: Black and white ethnic groups each consistently presented with unique inflammatory mediator patterns regardless of blood pressure, sex or social class. No association with blood pressure was seen in either of the groups. C1 [Crouch, Simone H.; Botha-Le Roux, Shani; Schutte, Aletta E.] North West Univ, HART, Private Bag X1290, ZA-2520 Potchefstroom, South Africa. [Botha-Le Roux, Shani; Schutte, Aletta E.] North West Univ, MRC Res Unit Hypertens & Cardiovasc Dis, Potchefstroom, South Africa. [Delles, Christian; Graham, Lesley A.] Univ Glasgow, Coll Med Vet & Life Sci, Inst Cardiovasc & Med Sci, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland. RP Schutte, AE (reprint author), North West Univ, HART, Private Bag X1290, ZA-2520 Potchefstroom, South Africa. EM Alta.Schutte@nwu.ac.za RI Le Roux, Shani/G-8235-2015 OI Le Roux, Shani/0000-0001-5099-3408 FU South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC); National Treasury under its Economic Competitiveness and Support Package; South African Research Chairs Initiative (SARChI) of the Department of Science and Technology; National Research Foundation (NRF) of South AfricaNational Research Foundation - South Africa [GUN 86895]; South African National Department of Health; GlaxoSmithKline R&D (Africa Non-Communicable Disease Open Lab grant); UK Medical Research CouncilMedical Research Council UK (MRC); UK Government's Newton Fund; Pfizer (South Africa)Pfizer; Boehringer-Ingelheim (South Africa); Novartis (South Africa)Novartis; Medi Clinic Hospital Group (South Africa); British Heart Foundation (Centre of Research Excellence Awards) [RE/13/5/30177, RE/18/6/34217] FX The research funded in this manuscript is part of an ongoing research project financially supported by the South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC) with funds from National Treasury under its Economic Competitiveness and Support Package; the South African Research Chairs Initiative (SARChI) of the Department of Science and Technology and National Research Foundation (NRF) of South Africa (GUN 86895); SAMRC with funds received from the South African National Department of Health, GlaxoSmithKline R&D (Africa Non-Communicable Disease Open Lab grant), the UK Medical Research Council and with funds from the UK Government's Newton Fund; as well as corporate social investment grants from Pfizer (South Africa), Boehringer-Ingelheim (South Africa), Novartis (South Africa), the Medi Clinic Hospital Group (South Africa) and in kind contributions of Roche Diagnostics (South Africa). CD is also supported by the British Heart Foundation (Centre of Research Excellence Awards RE/13/5/30177 and RE/18/6/34217). NR 65 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 1043-4666 EI 1096-0023 J9 CYTOKINE JI Cytokine PD FEB PY 2020 VL 126 AR 154894 DI 10.1016/j.cyto.2019.154894 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Immunology GA KG0DR UT WOS:000509612400022 PM 31670005 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Dell'Oro, M Mataruga, M Sass-Klaassen, U Fonti, P AF Dell'Oro, Matteo Mataruga, Milan Sass-Klaassen, Ute Fonti, Patrick TI Climate change threatens on endangered relict Serbian spruce SO DENDROCHRONOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Picea omorika; Global warming; Balkan region; Relict species; Tree rings ID PICEA-OMORIKA; GENETIC-STRUCTURE; GROWTH-RESPONSE; NORWAY SPRUCE; PINE; BIODIVERSITY; VARIABILITY; SENSITIVITY; CHRONOLOGY; PROGRAM AB The increase in length and severity of drought events predicted for South-Eastern Europe are expected to engender important changes to remaining native forests. To make informed management decisions promoting their conservation, it is important to better understand their responses to climate and environmental disturbances. In this study, we analyze growth responses over a network of 15 sites of Serbian spruce (Picea omorika), an endemic relict conifer species of the Balkan region - with a natural range restricted to the canyon of the Drina river at the border between Serbia and Bosnia Herzegovina - that has already shown signs of decline and dieback likely induced by increasing temperature and drought. Tree-ring analyses spanning the common period from 1974 to 2016 have shown a strong growth reduction and highlighted an increasing negative growth response to summer drought over the last 30-40 years. The strength of the response differed among individuals and sites, where younger trees and those growing at lower altitude suffered more from drought. Management practices oriented at reducing drought impact, such as thinning to reduce competition for water resources and enhance survival of seedlings, together with assisted natural regeneration and migration to more suitable habitats, are recommended for the conservation of this relict species. The measures are even more necessary considering that this species is more vulnerable than others due to its weak capacity to naturally regenerate and compete. C1 [Dell'Oro, Matteo; Sass-Klaassen, Ute] Wageningen Univ, Forest Ecol & Forest Management Grp, Wageningen, Netherlands. [Dell'Oro, Matteo; Fonti, Patrick] Swiss Fed Inst Forest Snow & Landscape Res WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland. [Mataruga, Milan] Univ Banja Luka, Fac Forestry, Banja Luka, Bosnia & Herceg. RP Dell'Oro, M (reprint author), Wageningen Univ, Forest Ecol & Forest Management Grp, Wageningen, Netherlands.; Dell'Oro, M (reprint author), Swiss Fed Inst Forest Snow & Landscape Res WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland. EM matte.dello@hotmail.it NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER GMBH PI MUNICH PA HACKERBRUCKE 6, 80335 MUNICH, GERMANY SN 1125-7865 EI 1612-0051 J9 DENDROCHRONOLOGIA JI Dendrochronologia PD FEB PY 2020 VL 59 AR 125651 DI 10.1016/j.dendro.2019.125651 PG 8 WC Forestry; Geography, Physical SC Forestry; Physical Geography GA KH2HF UT WOS:000510466700003 OA Bronze DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Malik, R Rossi, S Sukumar, R AF Malik, Rayees Rossi, Sergio Sukumar, Raman TI Variations in the timing of different phenological stages of cambial activity in Abies pindrow (Royle) along an elevation gradient in the north-western Himalaya SO DENDROCHRONOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Climate change; Cambial phenology; Cell enlargement; Wall-thickening; Cell-maturation; Abies pindrow; Himalaya ID TEMPERATURE THRESHOLDS; WOOD FORMATION; HIGH-ALTITUDE; BALSAM FIR; XYLOGENESIS; CONIFERS; CLIMATE; STEM; FOREST; XYLEM AB High mountains around the globe are some of the most vulnerable ecosystems to climate change and of great concern for conservation. The Himalayan Mountains are experiencing a higher warming than average global warming, which can significantly impact their biodiversity, vegetation distribution and ecosystem structure. There is a need to study the process of wood formation in Himalayan conifers to have a better understanding of their growth responses to predicted climate change. Variations in the climatic factors regulating cambial activity would result in changes in the timing of cambial phenology. In this study, the variations in the timing of different stages of cambial phenology (cell enlargement stage, wall-thickening stage and cell maturation stages) in pindrow fir (Abies pindrow) were investigated from anatomical observations of wood microcores collected during 2014-15 along an elevation range of c.2300 - 3000 m asl in the north-western Himalaya. The onset of all three cambial phenological stages was significantly correlated with elevation, with onset of cambial activity happening more than a week earlier at the lowest elevation than at the highest elevation site. Although the termination of wall-thickening and maturation stage appeared minimally related to elevation, the cell-enlargement stage showed significant correlation with elevation, with tracheid formation ceasing approximately three weeks earlier in trees at the highest elevation. The timing of these phenological stages did not show strong variations between the two study years. Our findings provide new data on the timings of cambial phenophases and help to understand tree growth response to ongoing changing climate in the Himalayan region. C1 [Malik, Rayees; Sukumar, Raman] Indian Inst Sci, Ctr Ecol Sci, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India. [Rossi, Sergio] Univ Quebec Chicoutimi, Dept Sci Fondamentales, Lab Ecol Vegetale, 555 Blvd Univ, Chicoutimi, PQ G7H 2B1, Canada. [Rossi, Sergio] Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Vegetat Restorat & Management Degraded Ec, Guangdong Prov Key Lab Appl Bot, South China Bot Garden, Guangzhou 510650, Peoples R China. [Sukumar, Raman] Indian Inst Sci, DCCC, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India. RP Malik, R (reprint author), Indian Inst Sci, Ctr Ecol Sci, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India. EM rayeesmalik@iisc.ac.in OI Malik, Rayees/0000-0002-9296-1559 FU Divecha Centre for Climate Change, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore; Fonds de Recherche du Quebec Nature et Technologies (FRQNT), Canada FX We thank Divecha Centre for Climate Change, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, for their funding support for this project. R. Malik received the Merit Scholarship of Fonds de Recherche du Quebec Nature et Technologies (FRQNT), Canada. RS was a JC Bose Fellow during the tenure of this study. Thanks to Jammu and Kashmir Wildlife Department for giving permissions to carry out this work in Hirpora Wildlife Sanctuary. NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER GMBH PI MUNICH PA HACKERBRUCKE 6, 80335 MUNICH, GERMANY SN 1125-7865 EI 1612-0051 J9 DENDROCHRONOLOGIA JI Dendrochronologia PD FEB PY 2020 VL 59 AR 125660 DI 10.1016/j.dendro.2019.125666 PG 8 WC Forestry; Geography, Physical SC Forestry; Physical Geography GA KH2HF UT WOS:000510466700006 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Men?ndez-Guerrero, PA Green, DM Davies, TJ AF Menendez-Guerrero, Pablo A. Green, David M. Davies, T. Jonathan TI Climate change and the future restructuring of Neotropical anuran biodiversity SO ECOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE beta diversity; biotic heterogeneity; biotic homogenization; climate change; community structure; extinction; species distribution modelling; species range shifts ID SPECIES DISTRIBUTION MODELS; BETA-DIVERSITY; RANGE SHIFTS; SPATIOTEMPORAL PATTERNS; BIOTIC HOMOGENIZATION; AMPHIBIAN DECLINES; ACCESSIBLE AREA; ENVELOPE MODELS; R PACKAGE; NICHE AB Climate change is likely to impact multiple dimensions of biodiversity. Species range shifts are expected and may drive changes in the composition of species assemblages. In some regions, changes in climate may precipitate the loss of geographically restricted, niche specialists and facilitate their replacement by more widespread, niche generalists, leading to decreases in beta-diversity and biotic homogenization. However, in other regions climate change may drive local extinctions and range contraction, leading to increases in beta-diversity and biotic heterogenization. Regional topography should be a strong determinant of such changes as mountainous areas often are home to many geographically restricted species, whereas lowlands and plains are more often inhabited by widespread generalists. Climate warming, therefore, may simultaneously bring about opposite trends in beta-diversity in mountainous highlands versus relatively flat lowlands. To test this hypothesis, we used species distribution modelling to map the present-day distributions of 2669 Neotropical anuran species, and then generated projections of their future distributions assuming future climate change scenarios. Using traditional metrics of beta-diversity, we mapped shifts in biotic homogenization across the entire Neotropical region. We used generalized additive models to then evaluate how changes in beta-diversity were associated with shifts in species richness, phylogenetic diversity and one measure of ecological generalism. Consistent with our hypothesis, we find increasing biotic homogenization in most highlands, associated with increased numbers of generalists and, to a lesser extent, losses of specialists, leading to an overall increase in alpha diversity, but lower mean phylogenetic diversity. In the lowlands, biotic heterogenization was more common, and primarily driven by local extinctions of generalists, leading to lower alpha-diversity, but higher mean phylogenetic diversity. Our results suggest that impacts of climate change on beta-diversity are likely to vary regionally, but will generally lead to lower diversity, with increases in beta-diversity offset by decreases in alpha-diversity. C1 [Menendez-Guerrero, Pablo A.; Green, David M.] McGill Univ, Redpath Museum, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Menendez-Guerrero, Pablo A.] Pontificia Univ Catolica, Fac Med, Quito, Ecuador. [Menendez-Guerrero, Pablo A.; Davies, T. Jonathan] McGill Univ, Dept Biol, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Davies, T. Jonathan] Univ British Columbia, Dept Bot, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Davies, T. Jonathan] Univ British Columbia, Dept & Forest & Conservat Sci, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Davies, T. Jonathan] Univ Johannesburg, African Ctr DNA Barcoding, Johannesburg, South Africa. RP Men?ndez-Guerrero, PA (reprint author), McGill Univ, Redpath Museum, Montreal, PQ, Canada.; Men?ndez-Guerrero, PA (reprint author), McGill Univ, Dept Biol, Montreal, PQ, Canada. EM pablo.menendez@mail.mcgill.ca OI Menendez-Guerrero, Pablo A./0000-0002-3276-4537 NR 137 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0906-7590 EI 1600-0587 J9 ECOGRAPHY JI Ecography PD FEB PY 2020 VL 43 IS 2 BP 222 EP 235 DI 10.1111/ecog.04510 PG 14 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KH4DR UT WOS:000510594800005 OA Other Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Lee, J Kim, H Song, C Kim, GS Lee, WK Son, Y AF Lee, Jongyeol Kim, Hyungsub Song, Cholho Kim, Gang Sun Lee, Woo-Kyun Son, Yowhan TI Determining economically viable forest management option with consideration of ecosystem services in Korea: A strategy after successful national forestation SO ECOSYSTEM SERVICES LA English DT Article DE Ecosystem service; Forest management; Quantitative assessment; Economic viability ID CARBON SEQUESTRATION; TRADE-OFFS; BIODIVERSITY; WATER; CONSERVATION; DYNAMICS; VALUES; SCENARIOS; MONETARY; TIMBER AB Economic assessment of forest management, including tending, thinning, and clear-cut, is essential to maximize social benefits. This study investigated the economic viability of forest management in the Republic of Korea at national scale (2017-2100) by quantitative approaches. The changes in benefits of four ecosystem services (timber production, CO2 sequestration, water yield enhancement, and disaster risk reduction) and management cost were quantified by a combination of ecosystem models and national data. The forest management scenarios, varying interval of clear-cut (40-80 years) and area of management (0.9-3.0 million ha), were applied. Net present value (NPV) was estimated as an indicator of economic viability of forest management. The NPV increased with decreasing clear-cut interval and increasing management area (7.7-50.8 billion $). Even the benefit-cost ratio (BCR), the ratio of total benefit to total cost in terms of present value, was 1.9 under the most intensive forest management scenario. This result implied that intensive forest management is economically viable in the long-term. The sensitive analysis showed that economic viability would be maintained in spite of change in macroeconomic factor. These methodological approach and result would contribute to implementing effective forest management, which can maximize social benefits. C1 [Lee, Jongyeol] GTC, Div Climate Technol Cooperat, Seoul 04554, South Korea. [Lee, Jongyeol] Korea Univ, Inst Life Sci & Nat Resources, Seoul 02841, South Korea. [Kim, Hyungsub; Lee, Woo-Kyun; Son, Yowhan] Korea Univ, Grad Sch, Dept Environm Sci & Ecol Engn, Seoul 02841, South Korea. [Song, Cholho] Korea Univ, Environm GIS RS Ctr, Seoul 02841, South Korea. [Kim, Gang Sun] KEI, Dept Land & Water Environm Res, Sejong 30147, South Korea. RP Son, Y (reprint author), Korea Univ, Grad Sch, Dept Environm Sci & Ecol Engn, Seoul 02841, South Korea. EM yson@korea.ac.kr FU Korea Forest Service [2017044B10-1819-BB01]; Ministry of Environment [2014001310008]; Korea University Grant (2018); Ministry of Science ICT [C19233] FX This study was supported by Korea Forest Service (2017044B10-1819-BB01), Ministry of Environment (2014001310008), Ministry of Science & ICT (C19233), and Korea University Grant (2018). NR 56 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 2212-0416 J9 ECOSYST SERV JI Ecosyst. Serv. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 41 AR 101053 DI 10.1016/j.ecoser.2019.101053 PG 8 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KG1VU UT WOS:000509730300006 OA Other Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Linders, TEW Bekele, K Schaffner, U Allan, E Alamirew, T Choge, SK Eckert, S Haji, J Muturi, G Mbaabu, PR Shiferaw, H Eschen, R AF Linders, Theo E. W. Bekele, Ketema Schaffner, Urs Allan, Eric Alamirew, Tena Choge, Simon K. Eckert, Sandra Haji, Jema Muturi, Gabriel Mbaabu, Purity Rima Shiferaw, Hailu Eschen, Rene TI The impact of invasive species on social-ecological systems: Relating supply and use of selected provisioning ecosystem services SO ECOSYSTEM SERVICES LA English DT Article DE Social-ecological integration; Tree invasion; Fractional cover; Prosopis; Biological invasions; Drylands ID PROSOPIS-JULIFLORA; NORTHERN CAPE; DEMAND; PATTERNS AB Understanding the sustainability of social-ecological systems requires quantifying the relationships between ecosystem service supply and use. However, these relationships, and the influence of environmental change on supply and use, are poorly known. Here we apply a nested sampling design to analyse supply-use relationships in ten administrative units in each of two Eastern African regions undergoing invasion by an alien tree, Prosopis juliflora. Ecological data on supply of two key provisioning services, woody and herbaceous biomass, were collected in field plots and the use, defined here as income and livestock numbers, was assessed using household surveys. Supply and use were then up-scaled to the level of the smallest administrative unit. High Prosopis cover affected the supply of both services, with increased woody biomass but reduced herbaceous biomass. We found that supply of woody biomass was positively associated with income from wood sales. Prosopis invasion reduced income from livestock and slightly decreased cattle numbers over the past ten years. We propose that biophysical and socio-economic data collected at the same scale can help to determine supply-use relationships for ecosystem services and we discuss how integration of supply-use data can inform sustainable management of socialecological systems in the context of environmental change. C1 [Linders, Theo E. W.; Schaffner, Urs; Eschen, Rene] CABI, Rue Grillons 1, CH-2800 Delemont, Switzerland. [Linders, Theo E. W.; Allan, Eric] Univ Bern, Inst Plant Sci, Altenbergrain 21, CH-3013 Bern, Switzerland. [Linders, Theo E. W.] Senckenberg Biodivers & Climate Res Ctr SBiK F, Senckenberganlage 25, D-60325 Frankfurt, Germany. [Bekele, Ketema; Haji, Jema] Haramaya Univ, Sch Agr Econ, POB 138, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia. [Allan, Eric; Eckert, Sandra] Univ Bern, Ctr Dev & Environm, Hallerstr 10, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland. [Alamirew, Tena; Shiferaw, Hailu] Addis Ababa Univ, Water & Land Resource Ctr, POB 3880, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. [Choge, Simon K.; Muturi, Gabriel; Mbaabu, Purity Rima] Baringo Subctr, Kenya Forestry Res Inst KEFRI, POB 57-30403, Marigat, Kenya. [Mbaabu, Purity Rima] Univ Nairobi, Inst Climate Change & Adaptat, POB 30197, Nairobi, Kenya. [Shiferaw, Hailu] Addis Ababa Univ, Coll Social Sci, POB 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. RP Linders, TEW (reprint author), Senckenberg Biodivers & Climate Res Ctr SBiK F, Senckenberganlage 25, D-60325 Frankfurt, Germany. EM theolinders@gmail.com FU Swiss Programme for Research on Global Issues for Development (r4d) - Swiss National Science FoundationSwiss National Science Foundation (SNSF); Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation [400440_152085]; CABI; Swiss National Science Foundation under the Early Postdoc.Mobility schemeSwiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) [P2BEP3_181710] FX This work was supported by the Swiss Programme for Research on Global Issues for Development (r4d), funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation and the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (Grant Number: 400440_152085). TL, US and RE were supported by CABI with core financial support from its member countries (see http://www.cabi.org/about -cabi/who-we-work-with/keydonors/). TL was supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation under the Early Postdoc.Mobility scheme (Grant number: P2BEP3_181710). Additionally, we want to thank George Kajembe and Brian van Wilgen for their constructive comments during the writing process. NR 75 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 2212-0416 J9 ECOSYST SERV JI Ecosyst. Serv. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 41 AR 101055 DI 10.1016/j.ecoser.2019.101055 PG 14 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KG1VU UT WOS:000509730300010 OA Green Published, Other Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Liu, D Tang, RC Xie, J Tian, JJ Shi, R Zhang, K AF Liu, Duan Tang, Runcheng Xie, Jun Tian, Jingjing Shi, Rui Zhang, Kai TI Valuation of ecosystem services of rice-fish coculture systems in Ruyuan County, China SO ECOSYSTEM SERVICES LA English DT Article DE Rice-fish coculture systems; Ecosystem services; Value assessment; Sustainability; China; Economic value ID CULTURE; SUSTAINABILITY; PROFITABILITY; PRODUCTIVITY; BIODIVERSITY; INDICATORS; INDUSTRIAL; FRAMEWORK; MONETARY; PEOPLE AB Rice-fish coculture ecosystems have been designated a "globally important agricultural heritage system." However, existing studies mainly focus on the provisioning services from these systems while ignoring the other valuable roles they play, such as in regulating and supporting services. To remedy this gap, this study constructs a new framework for classifying ecosystem services (ES) based on the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment and our analysis of rice-fish coculture ecosystem functions. Using our revised model, we found the ES value of rice-fish coculture ecosystems in the study area was 255,529 RMB/hm(2)/year and was 37.9% higher than that in rice monoculture, while the ES value increased by at least 6.74 times than direct economic value in rice monoculture. In addition, the ES value of rice-fish coculture increased by 2.31 times, as compared direct economic value with rice-fish coculture. These findings demonstrate the vitality of traditional ecological agriculture, which is not only conducive to enhancing the awareness of managers and the public regarding the protection of agricultural cultural heritage, but also provides data that will allow the government to formulate better compensation standards for rice-fish ecosystems. C1 [Liu, Duan; Tang, Runcheng; Shi, Rui] Hunan Univ, Business Sch, Changsha, Peoples R China. [Xie, Jun; Tian, Jingjing; Zhang, Kai] Chinese Acad Fishery Sci, Pearl River Fisheries Res Inst, Guangzhou, Peoples R China. RP Liu, D (reprint author), Hunan Univ, Business Sch, Changsha, Peoples R China.; Xie, J (reprint author), Chinese Acad Fishery Sci, Pearl River Fisheries Res Inst, Guangzhou, Peoples R China. EM perfect_done@163.com; Xiejunhy01@126.com FU Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System [CAR-45-21]; Guangdong Ocean and Fisheries Development Special Project [2017A0011]; Fishing Port Construction and Fishery Industry Development 385 Program of Guangdong [A201601B03]; National Natural Science Foundations of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [71972066]; Humanity and Social Science Foundation of Ministry of Education of China [17YJA630056] FX We thank Z Huang and G Wang for support with data collection in the Ruyuan site. This research was supported by Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System (No. CAR-45-21), Guangdong Ocean and Fisheries Development Special Project (No. 2017A0011), the Fishing Port Construction and Fishery Industry Development 385 Program of Guangdong (No. A201601B03), the National Natural Science Foundations of China (No. 71972066), and the Humanity and Social Science Foundation of Ministry of Education of China (No. 17YJA630056). NR 71 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 2212-0416 J9 ECOSYST SERV JI Ecosyst. Serv. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 41 AR 101054 DI 10.1016/j.ecoser.2019.101054 PG 11 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KG1VU UT WOS:000509730300014 OA Bronze DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Shi, QQ Chen, H Liang, XY Zhang, H Liu, D AF Shi, Qinqin Chen, Hai Liang, Xiaoying Zhang, Hang Liu, Di TI Cultural ecosystem services valuation and its multilevel drivers: A case study of Gaoqu Township in Shaanxi Province, China SO ECOSYSTEM SERVICES LA English DT Article DE Cultural ecosystem services; Multilevel drivers; Social preference method; Gaoqu Township ID SUPPLY-AND-DEMAND; LAND-USE; AGRICULTURAL LANDSCAPES; LEFKE REGION; BIODIVERSITY; PERCEPTIONS; MANAGEMENT; FRAMEWORK; DYNAMICS; IMPACTS AB Understanding residents' preferences for cultural ecosystem services (CES) will provide reference for targeted ecological management. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the preferences for CES and to determine their multilevel drivers in Gaoqu Township in Mizhi County, China. A social preference method (questionnaire) was used to quantitatively assess the CES preferences. The respondents in Gaoqu Township perceived the importance of all eight types of CES, and aesthetic and sense of place services were the two most prevalent CES categories in the study area. Woodlands and grasslands, cave dwellings, terraces, temples and theaters played a significant role in providing diverse CES, and each type of environmental space was important for at least four types of CES. We also used multilevel models to detect the individual and environmental variables that affect the CES preferences. The results showed that gender, age, health, and annual per capita income did not have a significant effect on preferences for any of the eight types of CES. Community safety was identified as an important environmental variable that explained the preferences for educational, social relations, therapeutic and recreation services. The preferences for sense of place services were driven by per capita living space, population density and road network density, and migrant works had higher preferences for sense of place services than did farmers in the study area. This study verified the validity of multilevel model to quantitatively identify the nested drivers of CES. These outcomes can contribute to improving our understanding of the importance of CES and may assist in developing relevant policy for the transformation from traditional living functions to cultural and ecological functions in Gaoqu Township. C1 [Shi, Qinqin; Chen, Hai; Liang, Xiaoying; Zhang, Hang; Liu, Di] Northwest Univ, Coll Urban & Environm Sci, Xue Fu Ave 1, Xian 710127, Peoples R China. [Shi, Qinqin; Chen, Hai; Liang, Xiaoying; Zhang, Hang; Liu, Di] Shaanxi Key Lab Earth Surface Syst & Environm Car, Xian 710127, Peoples R China. RP Chen, H (reprint author), Northwest Univ, Coll Urban & Environm Sci, Xue Fu Ave 1, Xian 710127, Peoples R China. EM chw@nwu.edu.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [41671086, 41271103] FX This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41671086 and 41271103). The authors would like to thank Jiani Wang, Sheng Ma, Ning Duan, Yan Zhao, Min Zhang and Shuhan Shang for contributing to the survey and data collection. We are also grateful for the effective coordination of the Mizhi local government and the enthusiasm of local farmers in our survey. Furthermore, we are very grateful to the three anonymous reviewers for their suggestions, which have greatly helped to improve the paper. NR 77 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 2212-0416 J9 ECOSYST SERV JI Ecosyst. Serv. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 41 AR 101052 DI 10.1016/j.ecoser.2019.101052 PG 11 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KG1VU UT WOS:000509730300005 OA Bronze DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Chen, WM Jiao, S Li, QP Du, NN AF Chen, Weimin Jiao, Shuo Li, Qiaoping Du, Nini TI Dispersal limitation relative to environmental filtering governs the vertical small-scale assembly of soil microbiomes during restoration SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE community assembly; dispersal limitation; ecological restoration; reforestation; small spatial scale; soil microbial diversity; subsurface microbiomes; terrestrial ecosystems ID ARCHAEAL COMMUNITIES; GLOBAL PATTERNS; BACTERIAL; BIOGEOGRAPHY; BIODIVERSITY; DIVERSITY; SURFACE; BETA AB Uncovering the plant-soil feedback mechanisms underlying the assembly of belowground microbial communities is essential for terrestrial biodiversity conservation. However, little is known about the small-scale spatial assembly processes of distinct soil microorganisms, especially during natural restoration of ex-arable ecosystems. We examined the spatial structure of soil microbiomes in arable land and reforested soils to elucidate the underlying assembly processes at a small spatial scale. The analysis was based on a MiSeq sequencing database, detecting the diversity of archaeal, bacterial and fungal communities, simultaneously, from 300 soil samples along vertical and horizontal profiles during 30-year reforestation. Compared with environmental filtering, dispersal limitation made crucial contributions to microbial community assembly. Archaeal and bacterial communities with a wider niche breadth were governed more by dispersal limitation than were fungal communities. The effect of dispersal limitation on archaeal and bacterial communities increased first and then decreased over time, while the effect on fungi temporally increased. Synthesis and applications. Our results highlight the variation of assembly processes governing distinct soil microbiomes during reforestation, with dispersal limitation playing a prominent role. This finding suggests that the increase in soil microbial diversity during natural restoration is mainly due to the stochastic influx and dispersal of microorganisms. This greater understanding of microbial community assembly can contribute to more targeted and efficient environmental management practices for the restoration of terrestrial ecosystems, for example, by promoting the restoration practices and shortening the restoration period. These practices may thus be incorporated into policies developed for effective biodiversity conservation, especially the restoration and maintenance of subsurface soil microbial diversity and associated functions. C1 [Chen, Weimin; Jiao, Shuo; Li, Qiaoping; Du, Nini] Northwest A&F Univ, State Key Lab Crop Stress Biol Arid Areas, Coll Life Sci, Yangling, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. RP Jiao, S (reprint author), Northwest A&F Univ, State Key Lab Crop Stress Biol Arid Areas, Coll Life Sci, Yangling, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. EM js1990@nwsuaf.edu.cn NR 52 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0021-8901 EI 1365-2664 J9 J APPL ECOL JI J. Appl. Ecol. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 57 IS 2 BP 402 EP 412 DI 10.1111/1365-2664.13533 PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KH7AU UT WOS:000510803100017 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Ferreira, K Lopes, TM Affonso, ID Agostinho, AA Gomes, LC AF Ferreira, Karina Lopes, Taise Miranda Affonso, Igor de Paiva Agostinho, Angelo Antonio Gomes, Luiz Carlos TI Dam reverse flow events influence limnological variables and fish assemblages of a downstream tributary in a Neotropical floodplain SO RIVER RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE aquatic macrophytes; fish assemblages; river level fluctuation; upper Parana River floodplain ID UPPER PARANA RIVER; PATTERNS; IMPACTS; CONNECTIVITY; BIODIVERSITY; MACROPHYTES; RESERVOIRS; GRADIENTS; HABITAT; TIME AB We used a dam-free tributary (the Baia River) in the upper Parana River floodplain downstream of a major dam in the Parana River, Brazil to investigate the effects of dam-regulated reverse flow on limnological variables and fish. We tested the hypotheses that limnological variables in tributaries change based on flow direction and that fish assemblages respond to this variation. Sampling sites were determined considering flow direction (normal or reverse) and position (near or far from the river mouth). Limnological variables showed higher values for transparency, oxygen, pH, and electrical conductivity at sites near the mouth of the Baia River during reverse flow. Species richness and evenness differed significantly in relation to position, with higher values closer to the Parana River. The average standard length of fish species was higher near the mouth of the Baia River and during the reverse flow period. No significant differences in species abundance were found. Reverse flow into the Baia River brought nutrient-poor water from the dammed Parana River, thereby altering the limnological variables. This flow condition impelled the entry of species with higher average standard lengths. However, increased species richness and low evenness were due to the increase in species dispersal rates under all flow conditions. Our results emphasize that the effects of dams can extend several kilometres into the floodplain, provide basic knowledge on the effects of major dams on downstream pristine tributaries, and highlight the need for further studies to understand the wider influences. C1 [Ferreira, Karina; Lopes, Taise Miranda; Affonso, Igor de Paiva; Agostinho, Angelo Antonio; Gomes, Luiz Carlos] Univ Estadual Maringa, Dept Biol DBI, Programa Posgrad Ecol Ambientes Aquat Continentai, Av Colombo 5790, BR-87020900 Maringa, Parana, Brazil. [Affonso, Igor de Paiva] Univ Tecnol Fed Parana UTFPR, Dept Ciencias Biol, Apucarana, Parana, Brazil. [Agostinho, Angelo Antonio; Gomes, Luiz Carlos] Nucleo Pesquisa Limnol Ictiol & Aquicultura NUPEL, Dept Biol DBI, Maringa, Parana, Brazil. RP Lopes, TM (reprint author), Univ Estadual Maringa, Dept Biol DBI, Programa Posgrad Ecol Ambientes Aquat Continentai, Av Colombo 5790, BR-87020900 Maringa, Parana, Brazil. EM taisemlopes@gmail.com NR 65 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1535-1459 EI 1535-1467 J9 RIVER RES APPL JI River Res. Appl. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 36 IS 2 BP 305 EP 313 DI 10.1002/rra.3584 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA KH4EL UT WOS:000510596800010 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Galland, BC de Wilde, T Taylor, RW Smith, C AF Galland, B. C. de Wilde, T. Taylor, R. W. Smith, C. TI Sleep and pre-bedtime activities in New Zealand adolescents: differences by ethnicity SO SLEEP HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Adolescent sleep; Chronotype; Ethnicity; Pre-bedtime; Screen use; Sleep quality ID SCHOOL-AGED CHILDREN; ELECTRONIC MEDIA USE; DURATION; ASSOCIATION; PATTERNS; QUALITY; TIME; RECOMMENDATIONS; VARIABILITY; EXERCISE AB Aim: To describe the screen and nonscreen activities adolescents engage in one hour before bedtime and associations with sleep quantity and quality, including differences by ethnic group. Design: Cross-sectional survey. Participants: 4,192 adolescents aged 13-17 years (52% boys); 71% NZ European, 13% Maori, 8% Asian, 6% Pacific, and 2% other ethnic groups. Measures: Participants completed questions about sleep timing, quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), and chronotype (Morningness-Eveningness Scale for Children). Seventeen questions captured pre-bedtime activities. Results: Overall, 39% slept less than the recommended hour of sleep (<8 h) and 57% reported poor sleep quality. Asian teenagers reported shorter sleep duration than New Zealand (NZ) Europeans (-45 min [95% CI:-58 to-32]) primarily from later bedtimes (1 hour), with higher odds of long sleep latency, but less disturbed sleep and a more "eveningness" chronotype. Bedtimes were later in Maori and Pacific adolescents (15 and 41 min, respectively) than NZ Europeans. Most screen activities were negatively associated with sleep quantity and quality. For nonscreen activities, snacking and drinking caffeinated beverages and alcohol were significantly associated with shorter sleep (-8, -28, and -20 min, respectively), whereas interacting with family and friends and exercise/sports before bed were associated with longer sleep (P < 0.001). Time with family, exercise, schoolwork, and household chores were all associated with better sleep quality (P < 0.001). Ethnic differences were apparent for several pre-bedtime activities. Discussion: Ethnic differences related to subjective sleep parameters exist in NZ adolescents. Observed variations in sleep patterns and presleep activities suggest that sleep health messages should be tailored for different ethnic groups. (c) 2019 National Sleep Foundation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Galland, B. C.; de Wilde, T.; Smith, C.] Univ Otago, Dept Womens & Childrens Hlth, POB 56, Dunedin, New Zealand. [Taylor, R. W.] Univ Otago, Dept Med, POB 56, Dunedin, New Zealand. RP Smith, C (reprint author), Univ Otago, Dept Womens & Childrens Hlth, POB 56, Dunedin, New Zealand. EM claire.smith@otago.ac.nz FU Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Otago Summer Scholarship; KPS Fellowship in Early Childhood Obesity FX The authors thank the adolescents who participated in this study. Tanja de Wilde was supported by the Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Otago Summer Scholarship. Rachael Taylor is in receipt of the KPS Fellowship in Early Childhood Obesity. NR 54 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 2352-7218 EI 2352-7226 J9 SLEEP HEALTH JI Sleep Health PD FEB PY 2020 VL 6 IS 1 BP 23 EP 31 DI 10.1016/j.sleh.2019.09.002 PG 9 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA KG2KU UT WOS:000509772500006 PM 31699636 OA Bronze DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Palone, M Spedicato, GA Lombardo, L AF Palone, Mario Spedicato, Giorgio A. Lombardo, Luca TI Analysis of tooth anatomy in adults with ideal occlusion: A preliminary study SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ORTHODONTICS AND DENTOFACIAL ORTHOPEDICS LA English DT Article ID DISCREPANCY; DIMENSIONS; MORPHOLOGY; DENTITION; MODELS AB Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the vestibular anatomy of teeth in samples of adult Italian and Mozambican subjects in ideal occlusion and permanent dentition and identify any anatomic characteristics that may influence bonding in the straight-wire technique. Methods: Linear measurements and coordinates of each curve representing the clinical crown height and width of each tooth were acquired from digital models of each subject categorized to 1 of 2 groups: Italian (18 males, 22 females; mean age, 29.6 +/- 5.7 years) or Mozambican (14 males, 15 females; mean age, 23.4 +/- 5.9 years). All subjects had normal dentition and no previous orthodontic treatment, fillings, or prostheses. Method error and systematic error were calculated according to the Dahlberg formula (S-2 Sigma P d(2)/2n) and dependent Student t test (P<0.05), respectively. Tooth symmetry was investigated through a paired-samples t test (P<0.05) and sex difference via an independent-samples t test (P<0.05). After neither asymmetry nor sexual dimorphism was found, all data were pooled, inverting the signs of the X coordinates and then mirroring data. Subsequently, a 2-samples t test (P<0.05) and a multivariate cluster analysis were performed on the mirrored data to compare the 2 groups and to identify any within-group diversity for number of clusters for each tooth. Means of all linear measurements and coordinates (crown height and width) calculated for each cluster were reported and compared using a standard 2-samples t test (P<0.05). Results: Two clusters were identified for the maxillary second premolars and molars in Italian subjects, whereas in the Mozambican subjects, there were 2 clusters for the maxillary first premolars and lateral incisors and 3 clusters for the maxillary canines and central incisors. The mandibular arch was remarkably homogeneous, with only 1 cluster per tooth in each group. In the mandibular arch, statistical differences were recorded between ethnic groups in crown height at the central incisors and second molars and in crown width in the sector from the second premolar to the second molar. Conclusions: There were considerable differences both between and within racial groups in crown height, crown width, and numbers of clusters, which should be taken into account during bonding. Although single-bracket placement guides specific for ethnicity may be feasible for the mandibular arch, the significant diversity in number of clusters in the maxillary arch indicates that more accurate bracket placement guides that take into account such heterogeneity are required. C1 [Palone, Mario; Lombardo, Luca] Univ Ferrara, Postgrad Sch Orthodont, Via Luigi Borsari 46, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy. [Spedicato, Giorgio A.] Univ Bologna, Sch Econ Management & Stat, Bologna, Italy. RP Palone, M (reprint author), Univ Ferrara, Postgrad Sch Orthodont, Via Luigi Borsari 46, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy. EM mario.palone88@gmail.com OI Spedicato, Giorgio Alfredo/0000-0002-0315-8888; palone, mario/0000-0001-6198-3053 NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0889-5406 EI 1097-6752 J9 AM J ORTHOD DENTOFAC JI Am. J. Orthod. Dentofac. Orthop. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 157 IS 2 BP 218 EP 227 DI 10.1016/j.ajodo.2019.03.024 PG 10 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA KG2AR UT WOS:000509744100018 PM 32005474 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Hodgetts, T Lorimer, J AF Hodgetts, Timothy Lorimer, Jamie TI Animals' mobilities SO PROGRESS IN HUMAN GEOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE animal geography; mobility studies; more-than-human geography ID POLAR BEARS; CONSERVATION; BIODIVERSITY; ANTHROPOCENE; BIOSECURITY; BIOPOLITICS; LIFE; METHODOLOGIES; TECHNOLOGIES; CONNECTIVITY AB This paper draws together animal and mobility studies to develop the concept of animals' mobilities. It identifies the parallel intellectual interests in these fields that provide the intellectual foundations for this synthesis, in mobility (over movement), affect, relational space, and ordering practices. It explores what configures an animal's mobility, knowledge practices for researching and evoking animals' mobilities, and how animals' mobilities are governed. The conclusion highlights what these fields gain from this synthesis, and identifies the empirical, political and conceptual contributions that this concept makes to geographical research. The argument is illustrated with examples of large, terrestrial mammals, especially bears. C1 [Hodgetts, Timothy; Lorimer, Jamie] Univ Oxford, Sch Geog & Environm, Oxford, England. RP Lorimer, J (reprint author), Univ Oxford, S Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3QY, England. EM jamie.lorimer@ouce.ox.ac.uk OI Lorimer, Jamie/0000-0003-4369-0884 NR 200 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0309-1325 EI 1477-0288 J9 PROG HUM GEOG JI Prog. Hum. Geogr. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 44 IS 1 BP 4 EP 26 DI 10.1177/0309132518817829 PG 23 WC Geography SC Geography GA KG6CY UT WOS:000510039600001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Saeki, I Niwa, S Osada, N Azuma, W Hiura, T AF Saeki, Ikuyo Niwa, Shigeru Osada, Noriyuki Azuma, Wakana Hiura, Tsutom TI Contrasting effects of urbanization on arboreal and ground-dwelling land snails: role of trophic interactions and habitat fragmentation SO URBAN ECOSYSTEMS LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Ecological trait; Forest fragmentation; Manipulative field experiment; Predator-prey interaction; Trophic dynamics; Urban ecosystem ID MESOPREDATOR RELEASE; BIODIVERSITY; PATTERNS; PREDATION; DYNAMICS; GRADIENT; DECLINE AB Urbanization generally reduces wildlife populations. Individual species responses, however, are often highly variable, and such variability can be explained by differences in species ecological traits. To examine this hypothesis, we focused on two co-occurring land snails, Ezohelix gainesi and Euhadra brandtii sapporo; the former is ground-dwelling and the latter is arboreal. We first estimated their population densities at nine sites distributed along an urbanization gradient: three were located in continuous natural forests, three at the edge of natural forests, and the rest in small isolated forests in urban areas. As a result, the ground-dwelling E. gainesi occurred at highest density in urban forests, followed by forest edges and continuous forests. By contrast, the arboreal E. b. sapporo occurred at highest density in continuous forests, but declined in forest edges and urban forests. We then conducted manipulative field experiments to quantify changes in predation pressure on these species. Ground-tethered E. gainesi and E. b. sapporo were repeatedly predated upon by forest-living mammals in continuous forests, but their survival rates increased in forest edges and urban forests. By contrast, canopy-tethered E. b. sapporo maintained high survival rates in all three forest types. The results indicate that a lack of mammalian predators enables ground-dwelling species to occur at high densities in urban forests, whereas the arboreal species was not affected by this predator relaxation effect. The combination of species-specific behavioural traits and changes in predator communities across an urbanization gradient has important effects on the biodiversity of urban ecosystems. C1 [Saeki, Ikuyo] Univ Tsukuba, Fac Life & Environm Sci, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058571, Japan. [Niwa, Shigeru] Japan Wildlife Res Ctr, Sumida Ku, 3-3-7 Kotobashi, Tokyo 1308606, Japan. [Osada, Noriyuki] Meijo Univ, Lab Plant Conservat Sci, Fac Agr, Nagoya, Aichi 4688502, Japan. [Azuma, Wakana] Kobe Univ, Grad Sch Agr Sci, Kobe, Hyogo 6578501, Japan. [Hiura, Tsutom] Hokkaido Univ, Field Sci Ctr, Kita 9 Nishi 9, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0600809, Japan. RP Saeki, I (reprint author), Univ Tsukuba, Fac Life & Environm Sci, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058571, Japan. EM saeki.ikuyo.ge@u.tsukuba.ac.jp FU Japan Society for Promotion of SciencesMinistry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan (MEXT)Japan Society for the Promotion of Science [17 K07270] FX We sincerely thank Dr. T. Nakaji, Dr. H. Ishii, Dr. K. Nakai, Dr. A. Agetsuma, Dr. O. Kishida, Dr. Y. Okuzaki, Ms. R. Uchida, Mr. J. Uchida, Mr. A. Okuda, Mr. Y. Sasabe, Mr. W. Mukaimine, and staff members of the Tomakomai city government, the Hokkaido Prefectural government, and the Nihon-seishi Corporation for their support. This research was funded by the Japan Society for Promotion of Sciences (grant no. 17 K07270). NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1083-8155 EI 1573-1642 J9 URBAN ECOSYST JI Urban Ecosyst. DI 10.1007/s11252-020-00930-6 EA FEB 2020 PG 12 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Urban Studies SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Urban Studies GA KH0WY UT WOS:000510369400001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Kaye, EA Sohn, W Garcia, RI AF Kaye, Elizabeth A. Sohn, Woosung Garcia, Raul, I TI The Healthy Eating Index and coronal dental caries in US adults National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2014 SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DENTAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE Dental caries; NHANES; dietary guidelines for Americans; diet quality; nutrition ID UNITED-STATES; DIET QUALITY; ORAL-HEALTH; ACCULTURATION; ASSOCIATION; CONSUMPTION; VEGETABLES; PREDICTOR; FRUIT AB Background. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to determine if Healthy Eating Index (HEI-2015) scores are associated with coronal caries and the odds of untreated coronal caries in adults 20 years and older. Methods. Data on decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT), untreated coronal caries, and HEI-2015 scores were obtained from 7,751 adults who completed a dental examination and two 24-hour dietary recalls in National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey cycles 2011-2012 and 2013-2014. HEI-2015 scores were categorized into quintiles, with HEI-2015 quintile 1 scores indicating the least compliance with 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans. The authors used multi-variable linear regression to assess associations of HEI-2015 with DMFT and logistic regression for associations with untreated coronal caries. All regression models were controlled for age, sex, race or ethnicity, current cigarette use, family income to poverty threshold ratio, last dental visit, education, and whether participants were ever told they had a heart attack. Results. Relative to HEI-2015 quintile 1, the adjusted odds of any untreated coronal caries were quintile 5 (odds ratio [OR], 0.61; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.46 to 0.80), quintile 4 (OR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.53 to 0.84), quintile 3 (OR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.56 to 1.04), and quintile 2 (OR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.66 to 1.31). Participants who met the recommendations for the total fruits, whole fruits, greens and beans, and added sugars components of the HEI-2015 score were less likely to have untreated coronal caries than those who did not meet the recommendations. Overall, mean coronal DMFT also decreased as HEI-2015 scores increased, but trends were not consistent in all racial or ethnic groups. Conclusions and Practical Implications. Greater compliance with the Dietary Guidelines for Americans is associated with lower prevalence and the odds of untreated caries in adults. Dietary counseling for caries prevention by dental professionals should incorporate comprehensive dietary guidelines that are consistent with those intended for enhancing overall health and reducing the risk of developing common systemic diseases. C1 [Kaye, Elizabeth A.; Garcia, Raul, I] Boston Univ, Henry M Goldman Sch Dent Med, Dept Hlth Policy & Hlth Serv Res, 560 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Sohn, Woosung] Univ Sydney, Sch Dent, Dept Populat Oral Hlth, Sydney, NSW, Australia. RP Kaye, EA (reprint author), Boston Univ, Henry M Goldman Sch Dent Med, Dept Hlth Policy & Hlth Serv Res, 560 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA 02118 USA. EM kralle@bu.edu FU National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of HealthUnited States Department of Health & Human ServicesNational Institutes of Health (NIH) - USANIH National Institute of Dental & Craniofacial Research (NIDCR) [DE18758] FX This study was supported in part by grant DE18758 from the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER DENTAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 211 E CHICAGO AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60611 USA SN 0002-8177 EI 1943-4723 J9 J AM DENT ASSOC JI J. Am. Dent. Assoc. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 151 IS 2 BP 78 EP 86 DI 10.1016/j.adaj.2019.09.009 PG 9 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA KG2DZ UT WOS:000509752700013 PM 31837744 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Shrestha, S Ramos, K Fletcher, TL Kraus-Schuman, C Stanley, MA Ramsey, D Amspoker, AB AF Shrestha, Srijana Ramos, Katherine Fletcher, Terri L. Kraus-Schuman, Cynthia Stanley, Melinda A. Ramsey, David Amspoker, Amber B. TI Psychometric properties of worry and anxiety measures in a sample of african american and caucasian older adults SO AGING & MENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE PSWQ-A; GAD-7; psychometric properties; African Americans; low-income ID LIFE GENERALIZED ANXIETY; QUALITY-OF-LIFE; CULTURALLY TAILORED INTERVENTION; COGNITIVE-BEHAVIOR THERAPY; HEALTH-SERVICE USE; CALMER LIFE; SHORT-FORM; QUESTIONNAIRE PSWQ; INVENTORY GAI; LOW-INCOME AB Objective: The aim of our study was to examine the psychometric properties of commonly used anxiety and worry assessment measures in a community-based, low-income sample of African American and Caucasian older adults. Method: African American and Caucasian participants from three community-based clinical trials testing treatments for late-life worry/anxiety were pooled to examine the factor structure, internal consistency reliability, and convergent, discriminant, and predictive validity of the Penn State Worry Questionnaire-Abbreviated (PSWQ-A), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) and Geriatric Anxiety Inventory-short form (GAI-SF). Results: All three measures demonstrated an adequate fit to a one-factor structure. Internal consistency reliability was adequate for the PSWQ-A and GAD-7 in the total sample and racial subgroups but was acceptable for the GAI-SF only in the African American subgroup. The PSWQ-A and GAD-7 demonstrated good convergent, discriminant, and predictive validity. The GAI-SF has adequate convergent and divergent validity in the African American subgroup. Conclusion: Our study offers preliminary evidence for use of the PSWQ-A and GAD-7 for assessment of anxiety in a sample of low-income, predominantly African American participants. These measures may facilitate identification of anxiety symptoms, which are often overlooked in this population. More research is needed to examine the accuracy of these measures in other racial/ethnic groups. C1 [Shrestha, Srijana; Fletcher, Terri L.; Kraus-Schuman, Cynthia; Stanley, Melinda A.] Baylor Coll Med, Menninger Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Shrestha, Srijana] Wheaton Coll, Dept Psychol, Wheaton, IL 60187 USA. [Ramos, Katherine] Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Geriatr Educ Res & Clin Ctr, Durham, NC USA. [Ramos, Katherine] Duke Univ, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Durham, NC USA. [Fletcher, Terri L.; Stanley, Melinda A.; Ramsey, David; Amspoker, Amber B.] Michael E DeBakey VA Med Ctr, Houston VA HSR&D Ctr Innovat Qual Effectiveness &, Houston, TX USA. [Fletcher, Terri L.; Stanley, Melinda A.] VA South Cent Mental Illness Res Educ & Clin Ctr, Houston, TX USA. [Kraus-Schuman, Cynthia] Michael E DeBakey VA Med Ctr, Mental Hlth Care Line, Houston, TX USA. [Ramsey, David; Amspoker, Amber B.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Shrestha, S (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Menninger Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Houston, TX 77030 USA.; Shrestha, S (reprint author), Wheaton Coll, Dept Psychol, Wheaton, IL 60187 USA. EM shrestha_srijana@wheatoncollege.edu FU Retirement Research Foundation [2011-276]; Archstone Foundation [12-04-31]; Patient-Centered Outcomes Research InstitutePatient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute - PCORI [1AD-1310-06824] FX Research reported in this article was funded through the Retirement Research Foundation (Grant #2011-276), the Archstone Foundation (Grant #12-04-31), and the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (1AD-1310-06824) to Melinda S. Stanley and partly with the use of resources and facilities at the Houston VA HSR&D Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness and Safety (CIN13-413). The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the Department of Veterans Affairs, the U.S. government or Baylor College of Medicine. NR 53 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1360-7863 EI 1364-6915 J9 AGING MENT HEALTH JI Aging Ment. Health PD FEB 1 PY 2020 VL 24 IS 2 BP 315 EP 321 DI 10.1080/13607863.2018.1544217 PG 7 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology; Psychiatry SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Psychiatry GA KF2ZL UT WOS:000509116700015 PM 30810345 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Hanna, DEL Raudsepp-Hearne, C Bennett, EM AF Hanna, Dalal E. L. Raudsepp-Hearne, Ciara Bennett, Elena M. TI Effects of land use, cover, and protection on stream and riparian ecosystem services and biodiversity SO CONSERVATION BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE conservation; freshwater; land-use management; production landscapes; watershed protection; agua dulce; conservacion; manejo del uso de suelo; paisajes de produccion; proteccion de cuencas; (sic)(sic); (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic); (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic); (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic); & x6de1;(sic) ID AREAS; CONSERVATION; MANAGEMENT; BUNDLES AB Protected areas are an important part of broader landscapes that are often used to preserve biodiversity or natural features. Some argue that protected areas may also help ensure provision of ecosystem services. However, the effect of protection on ecosystem services and whether protection affects the provision of ecosystem services is known only for a few services in a few types of landscapes. We sought to fill this gap by investigating the effect of watershed protection status and land use and land cover on biodiversity and the provision of ecosystem services. We compared the ecosystem services provided in and around streams in 4 watershed types: International Union for Conservation of Nature category II protected forests, unprotected forests, unprotected forests with recent timber harvesting, and unprotected areas with agriculture. We surveyed 28 streams distributed across these watershed types in Quebec, Canada, to quantify provisioning of clean water, carbon storage, recreation, wild foods, habitat quality, and terrestrial and aquatic biodiversity richness and abundance. The quantity and quality of ecosystem services and biodiversity were generally higher in sites with intact forest-whether protected or not-relative to those embedded in production landscapes with forestry or agriculture. Clean-water provision, carbon storage, habitat quality, and tree diversity were significantly higher in and around streams surrounded by forest. Recreation, wild foods, and aquatic biodiversity did not vary among watershed types. Although some services can be provided by both protected and unprotected areas, protection status may help secure the continued supply of services sensitive to changes in land use or land cover. Our findings provide needed information about the ecosystem service and biodiversity trade-offs and synergies that result from developing a watershed or from protecting it. RP Hanna, DEL (reprint author), McGill Univ, Dept Nat Resource Sci, MacDonald Stewart Bldg 21,111 Lakeshore Rd, Ste Anne De Bellevue, PQ H9X 3V9, Canada. EM dalal.hanna@mail.mcgill.ca FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of CanadaNatural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Vanier Canada Graduate Scholarship [201411DVC-347]; Quebec Centre for Biodiversity Sciences; Royal Canadian Geographical Society; EWR Steacie Fellowship [SMFSU 492243]; Canadian Network of Aquatic Ecosystem Services NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 14 U2 19 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0888-8892 EI 1523-1739 J9 CONSERV BIOL JI Conserv. Biol. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 34 IS 1 BP 244 EP 255 DI 10.1111/cobi.13348 PG 12 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KG0MI UT WOS:000509634900021 PM 31135078 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Balseiro, D Powell, M AF Balseiro, Diego Powell, Matthew TI Carbonate collapse and the late Paleozoic ice age marine biodiversity crisis SO GEOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ENVIRONMENTAL DETERMINANTS; MASS EXTINCTION; CLIMATE-CHANGE; DIVERSITY; ONSET; DYNAMICS; PATTERNS; PALEOECOLOGY; ORIGINATION; COMMUNITIES AB The late Paleozoic ice age (LPIA) was characterized by persistently low diversity of marine invertebrates following a second-order mass extinction. Here, we used a data set of North American (paleotropical) fossil occurrences of brachiopod, bivalve, and coral genera from the Paleobiology Database, combined with lithologic data from Macrostrat, to demonstrate that low diversity was caused by the collapse of carbonate environments during the LPIA. After dividing the data by lithology, low diversity was evident only in carbonate environments, whereas diversity within siliciclastic environments actually increased during the LPIA, after a brief decline in the Serpukhovian (late Mississippian). Diversity patterns closely matched respective changes in the volume of carbonate and siliciclastic rocks. The contrasting patterns observed in the two environments suggest that habitat loss was a direct cause of changes in diversity, because other factors, such as temperature, would have affected genera in both environments. A causal relationship is also supported by the finding that diversity remained high in carbonate refugia (carbonate beds within majority-siliciclastic formations) until the Bashkirian, postdating the onset of icehouse conditions by similar to 8 m.y. Our results provide a unifying, mechanistic explanation for the distinctive characteristics of the biotic impact, including its disproportionate effect on the tropical marine invertebrate fauna, prolonged recovery from extinction, low macroevolutionary rates during the recovery interval, and regional differences in its expression. C1 [Balseiro, Diego] Univ Nacl Cordoba, Fac Ciencias Exactas Fis & Nat, Ave Velez Sarsfield 1611 Ciudad Univ,X5016GCA, Cordoba, Argentina. [Balseiro, Diego] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, Ctr Invest Ciencias Tierra CICTERRA, X5016GCA, Cordoba, Argentina. [Powell, Matthew] Juniata Coll, Dept Geol, 1700 Moore St, Huntingdon, PA 16652 USA. RP Balseiro, D (reprint author), Univ Nacl Cordoba, Fac Ciencias Exactas Fis & Nat, Ave Velez Sarsfield 1611 Ciudad Univ,X5016GCA, Cordoba, Argentina.; Balseiro, D (reprint author), Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, Ctr Invest Ciencias Tierra CICTERRA, X5016GCA, Cordoba, Argentina. NR 55 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC PI BOULDER PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA SN 0091-7613 EI 1943-2682 J9 GEOLOGY JI Geology PD FEB PY 2020 VL 48 IS 2 BP 118 EP 122 DI 10.1130/G46858.1 PG 5 WC Geology SC Geology GA KF9IM UT WOS:000509553300005 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU K?hn, AL Haase, M AF Kuehn, A. Luise Haase, Martin TI QUIDDICH: QUick IDentification of DIagnostic CHaracters SO JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGICAL SYSTEMATICS AND EVOLUTIONARY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Characteristic Attribute Organization System; diagnostic (genetic) characters; DNA taxonomy; integrative taxonomy; SPecies IDentity and Evolution in R ID CAOS SOFTWARE; TAXONOMY; GASTROPODS; MORPHOLOGY AB With the advent of molecular genetic methods, an increasing number of morphologically cryptic taxa has been discovered. The majority of them, however, remains formally undescribed and without a proper name although their importance in ecology and evolution is increasingly being acknowledged. Despite suggestions to complement traditional descriptions with genetic characters, the taxonomic community appears to be reluctant to adopt this proposition. As an incentive, we introduce QUIDDICH, a tool for the QUick IDentification of DIgnostic CHaracters, which automatically scans a DNA or amino acid alignment for those columns that allow to distinguish taxa and classifies them into four different types of diagnostic characters. QUIDDICH is a system-independent, fast and user-friendly tool that requires few manual steps and provides a comprehensive output, which can be included in formal taxonomic descriptions. Thus, cryptic taxa do not have to remain in taxonomic crypsis and, bearing a proper name, can readily be included in biodiversity assessments and ecological and evolutionary analyses. QUIDDICH can be obtained from the comprehensive R archive network (CRAN, ). C1 [Kuehn, A. Luise] Ernst Moritz Arndt Univ Greifswald, Inst Math & Comp Sci, Walther Rathenau Str 47, D-17489 Greifswald, Germany. [Haase, Martin] Ernst Moritz Arndt Univ Greifswald, Museum & Inst Zool, Vogelwarte, Greifswald, Germany. RP K?hn, AL (reprint author), Ernst Moritz Arndt Univ Greifswald, Inst Math & Comp Sci, Walther Rathenau Str 47, D-17489 Greifswald, Germany. EM luise.kuehn@uni-greifswald.de NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0947-5745 EI 1439-0469 J9 J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES JI J. Zool. Syst. Evol. Res. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 58 IS 1 BP 22 EP 26 DI 10.1111/jzs.12347 PG 5 WC Evolutionary Biology; Zoology SC Evolutionary Biology; Zoology GA KG0KW UT WOS:000509631100002 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Byriel, DB Schmidt, IK Justesen, MJ Pape, T Hansen, AK Riis-Nielsen, T Kepfer-Rojas, S AF Byriel, David Bille Schmidt, Inger Kappel Justesen, Mathias Just Pape, Thomas Hansen, Aslak Kappel Riis-Nielsen, Torben Kepfer-Rojas, Sebastian TI Forest management affects crane fly (Tipuloidea) community structure through changes in edaphic conditions SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Forest management; Unmanaged forest; Crane flies; Community structure; Soil-inhabiting; Environmental variables ID FLIES DIPTERA; SPECIES RICHNESS; BEECH FORESTS; BIODIVERSITY; DIVERSITY; PATTERNS; CONSERVATION; ASSEMBLAGES; BRYOPHYTES; COLEOPTERA AB Abandonment of forest management is considered beneficial to a wide range of taxa, but evidence is lacking for many species, particularly soil-inhabiting taxa. We investigated the effects of forest management on crane fly (Tipuloidea) community structure and composition in seven forest sites in eastern Denmark. Crane flies were collected along with edaphic and structural variables in managed and unmanaged stands using a pairwise experimental design. Species richness of crane flies was significantly higher in unmanaged stands, also when excluding saproxylic species. Moisture, nitrogen and pH of soil had strong positive effects on species richness, and the observed differences between management regimes were mainly explained by soil moisture. Similarly, abundance was significantly higher in unmanaged stands and was positively associated with moisture and pH of soil. Species composition differed significantly between managed and unmanaged stands in four of the seven sites. Management had a small but significant effect on species composition on a large geographical scale, while the geographic location of the site had larger effects. Based on our findings, we recommend that future designations of unmanaged forest sites consider edaphic conditions as well as the geographic location. Further, forest conservation management should be focused on restoring natural moisture levels. C1 [Byriel, David Bille; Schmidt, Inger Kappel; Justesen, Mathias Just; Riis-Nielsen, Torben; Kepfer-Rojas, Sebastian] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Geosci & Nat Resource Management, Rolighedsvej 23, DK-1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark. [Pape, Thomas; Hansen, Aslak Kappel] Univ Copenhagen, Nat Hist Museum Denmark, Univ Pk 15, DK-2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark. RP Byriel, DB (reprint author), Univ Copenhagen, Dept Geosci & Nat Resource Management, Rolighedsvej 23, DK-1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark. EM daby@ign.ku.dk; iks@ign.ku.dk; majj@ign.ku.dk; tpape@snm.ku.dk; akhansen@snm.ku.dk; trni@ign.ku.dk; skro@ign.ku.dk OI Hansen, Aslak Kappel/0000-0003-2089-7233; Justesen, Mathias Just/0000-0002-5252-7045 FU 15 June Foundation FX This work was supported by 15 June Foundation as a part of the project Biologisk Mangfoldighed. A special thanks to Peter Friis Moller (Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland) and Vivian Kvist Johannsen (University of Copenhagen, IGN) for initiating the project. The authors are grateful to Jaroslav Start (Olomouc), John Kramer (UK), Pjotr Oosterbroek (Amsterdam) and Walther Gritsch (Copenhagen) for help with species identification and forwarding literature. Also thanks to Agata Materna (IGN), Allan 0. Nielsen (IGN), Juliette Babin (AgroParisTech), Morten Alban (IGN), and Romain Baudet (AgroParisTech) for help with fieldwork. NR 59 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD FEB 1 PY 2020 VL 457 AR 117756 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2019.117756 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA KG0DM UT WOS:000509611900005 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Carr, A Weatherall, A Jones, G AF Carr, Andrew Weatherall, Andrew Jones, Gareth TI The effects of thinning management on bats and their insect prey in temperate broadleaved woodland SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Deadwood; Canopy architecture; Clutter; Forestry; Succession; Tree cavity ID BARBASTELLA-BARBASTELLUS; STRUCTURAL COMPLEXITY; INSECTIVOROUS BATS; FOREST STRUCTURE; CHIROPTERA; RESPOND; VESPERTILIONIDAE; RESTORATION; LANDSCAPE; SELECTION AB Trees, woods, forests and associated biodiversity are being affected by anthropogenic climate breakdown, and need management to maintain delivery of a wide range of ecosystem services. Wood harvested from sustainably managed woodlands can be used to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions through carbon substitution, directly using biomass for bioenergy to replace fossil fuels or indirectly through the use of wood products instead of higher carbon footprint materials such as concrete and steel. However, it is also important to understand how managing woodlands to mitigate climate change affects biodiversity. We tested the hypotheses that thinning woodland benefits bats and their insect prey by measuring bat species/species group richness and activity, and insect species/species group richness and biomass in 27 pairs of managed and under-managed broadleaved woodlands, and explored temporal responses to time since management. Sixteen woodland characteristics were measured to investigate how management affected woodlands, and to assess the relative importance of these characteristics to bats and their insect prey. Woodland thinning significantly reduced five woodland characteristics known to be important for woodland-dwelling bats. Standing dead trees were three times more abundant, and tree cavities five times more frequent in under-managed woodland compared with managed paired sites. Woodland thinning significantly increased bat richness and activity. Common and adaptable bat species, and those that forage along woodland edges (e.g. Pipistrellus pipistrellus), were positively affected by management, presumably exploiting less cluttered woodland interiors. Rarer bat species, and species that roost predominantly in trees (e.g. Barbastella barbastellus) were negatively affected by management, which reduced roosting opportunities. Overall bat activity and species richness were relatively low in woodland that had not been thinned for 30 years before increasing. Insect biomass peaked after 30 years of no thinning. We recommend minimum intervention management to conserve rare bat species in woodlands, although common and adaptable bat species may benefit from intermediate to heavy thinning. Sustainably thinned woodland could be greatly improved for all bats by retaining or mimicking habitat characteristics that are more representative of old growth woodland such as (i) standing dead trees, (ii) tree cavities, (iii) heterogeneous canopy architecture, and (iv) an overall uncluttered below-canopy vegetation with pockets of densely cluttered shrubs. C1 [Carr, Andrew; Jones, Gareth] Univ Bristol, Sch Biol Sci, Life Sci Bldg,24 Tyndall Ave, Bristol BS8 ITQ, Avon, England. [Weatherall, Andrew] Univ Cumbria, Natl Sch Forestry, Ambleside LA22 9BB, Cumbria, England. RP Carr, A (reprint author), Environm Team, Highways England,Falcon House, Preston PR2 9NZ, Lancs, England. EM andrew.carr@highwaysengland.co.uk OI Jones, Gareth/0000-0002-1904-3735 FU Scottish Forestry Trust (George Street, Edinburgh, UK); Forestry Commission (Corstorphine Road, Edinburgh, UK) FX This work was supported by the Scottish Forestry Trust (59 George Street, Edinburgh, UK) and the Forestry Commission (231 Corstorphine Road, Edinburgh, UK). NR 60 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD FEB 1 PY 2020 VL 457 AR 117682 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2019.117682 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA KG0DM UT WOS:000509611900031 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Giorgis, MA Cingolani, AM Teich, I Poca, M AF Giorgis, Melisa A. Cingolani, Ana M. Teich, Ingrid Poca, Maria TI Can livestock coexist with Polylepis australis forests in mountains of central Argentina? Setting thresholds for a land sharing landscape SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Biomass production; Browsing management; Conservation; Grazing; Forest restoration; Land sharing; Restoration; Stocking densities; Tree growth ID BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION; DOMESTIC HERBIVORES; SEASONAL PATTERNS; GROWTH; VEGETATION; CATTLE; REGENERATION; COVER; ECOSYSTEMS; IMPACTS AB Developing a land sharing strategy requires a thorough understanding of what is the maximum productivity that can be achieved without altering key ecosystem processes. In the central Argentina highlands, Polylepis australis dominates the few remaining patches of forests and its evergreen trees are highly selected by domestic livestock. Grazing exclusion and low herbivory pressure allow P. australis forest expansion and soil conservation, while high herbivory pressure promotes forest retraction and environment degradation. However, the extent to which stocking densities should be reduced to allow forest expansion and stand maturation is still unknown. We aimed at answering this question by studying 15 stands located in paddocks with different management, from grazing enclosures to heavily stocked. In 2003 we selected 12 trees less than 2 m tall at each stand. Almost annually along 10 years, for each tree we registered survival, and if alive, we measured the height and two perpendicular diameters of the canopy. We built indicators of vertical and horizontal biomass accumulation rate along the study period and calculated an average effective stocking density (i.e., animal units per ha of non-rocky surface, AU ha(-1)) for each stand. We found a piece-wise relationship with two pieces between the accumulation rate of each biomass component and average stocking density. Biomass accumulation was maximum under grazing exclusion (i.e. zero stocking density). Between zero and 0.21 AU ha (-1) we detected a strongly negative relationship among stocking density and biomass accumulation. Effective stocking densities lower than 0.12 and 0.06 AU ha(-1) promoted a widespread vertical and horizontal biomass accumulation, respectively. Stands with stocking densities higher than 0.21 AU ha(-1), had null horizontal and vertical biomass accumulation and higher tree mortality. We suggest that effective stocking densities lower than 0.12 AU ha(-1) allow a land sharing strategy in central Argentina highlands, ensuring the conservation of a traditional economic activity and the restoration of Polylepis australis forests. Additionally, in areas where Polylepis australis is absent we suggest active restoration without herbivory pressure. Finally, we suggest that these management recommendations may be studied and promoted throughout the extension of Polylepis spp. forests in South America. C1 [Giorgis, Melisa A.; Cingolani, Ana M.] UNC, CONICET, Inst Multidisciplinario Biol Vegetal, Cordoba, Argentina. [Giorgis, Melisa A.] Univ Nacl Cordoba, Fac Ciencias Exactas Fis & Nat, Cordoba, Argentina. [Teich, Ingrid] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, INTA, CIAP, Inst Fisiol & Recursos Genet Vegetales, Cordoba, Argentina. [Poca, Maria] Univ Nacl San Luis, Gnipo Estudios Ambientales, CONICET, Inst Matemat Aplicada San Luis, San Luis, Argentina. RP Giorgis, MA (reprint author), UNC, CONICET, Inst Multidisciplinario Biol Vegetal, Cordoba, Argentina. EM mgiorgis@imbiv.unc.edu.ar FU Volkswagen Foundation, Germany, 2003-2006; Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI), United States [CRN 2005]; CONICET, ArgentinaConsejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET) [PIP 112-200801-01458, 112-201201-00164]; "Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnica de Cordoba", Argentina FX We are grateful to Daniel Renison who generously took care of the enclosures through the years and to Axel von Miiller for the photos of Polylepis cuiswalis. We are also grateful to the editor and anonymous reviewer for their generous suggestions. This work was supported by the Volkswagen Foundation, Germany, 2003-2006; Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI), United States CRN 2005, 2006-2011; CONICET, Argentina (PIP 112-200801-01458, 2009-2012 and 112-201201-00164, 2015-2017) and "Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnica de Cordoba", Argentina, 2009-2012. All the authors are researchers from CONICET, MAG is professor at the National University of Cordoba, Argentina and IT is professor at Cordoba Catholic University. NR 60 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD FEB 1 PY 2020 VL 457 AR 117728 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2019.117728 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA KG0DM UT WOS:000509611900019 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Hu, J Herbohn, J Chazdon, RL Baynes, J Vanclay, J AF Hu, Jing Herbohn, John Chazdon, Robin L. Baynes, Jack Vanclay, Jerry TI Silvicultural treatment effects on commercial timber volume and functional composition of a selectively logged Australian tropical forest over 48 years SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Functional groups; Growth; Logging; Thinning; Tropical forest; Timber stock; Wood density ID FUTURE CROP TREES; WOOD DENSITY; SPECIES COMPOSITION; GROWTH-RATES; RAIN-FOREST; RECOVERY; CONSERVATION; DISTURBANCE; INTENSITY; DYNAMICS AB Post-logging silvicultural treatments involving thinning are commonly recommended to increase the commercial timber production under polycyclic harvesting regimes in tropical forests. However, thinning practices intentionally designed to improve commercial timber production may alter species composition and functional composition. Low, medium, and high intensity thinning following logging plus a logged only control was applied in an Australian tropical forest in 1969 to assess the long-term liberation thinning impacts on the commercial timber volume and the functional composition of the regenerating forest. Over 46 years following thinning, only medium- and high-intensity thinning promoted recruitment of commercial trees into the > 10 cm diameter class. All three thinning treatments enhanced the standing volume of most desirable commercial species, mainly driven by the growth of remaining non-harvested trees in the 10-20 cm diameter class. The merchantable timber volume of other less desirable species was also promoted in the four treatments. Over the first 28 years after treatment (1969-1997), the average annual timber volume accumulation rate was highest in the medium-intensity thinning (1.97 m(3) ha(-1) year(-1)). The positive impacts of medium- and high-intensity thinning on commercial timber volume growth lasted longer than the low-intensity thinning. From 1997 to 2015, average annual volume increments increased in the medium- and high-intensity thinning, changed little in the low-intensity thinning, and decreased in the untreated control. Moreover, the medium- and high-intensity thinning led the community functional composition to shift towards early-successional species, which reduced community-weighted mean wood densities. The changes induced by intensive thinning treatments may affect the recovery of forest biomass and biodiversity. Hence, the trade-off between enhancing timber stocks and maintaining functional composition should be considered during planning and implementation of tropical forest management. C1 [Hu, Jing; Herbohn, John] Univ Queensland, Sch Agr & Food Sci, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia. [Herbohn, John; Chazdon, Robin L.; Baynes, Jack] Univ Sunshine Coast, Trop Forests & People Res Ctr, Maroochydore, Qld 4558, Australia. [Chazdon, Robin L.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. [Vanclay, Jerry] Southern Cross Univ, Sch Environm Sci & Engn, POB 157, Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia. RP Hu, J (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Sch Agr & Food Sci, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia. EM jing.hu1@uq.net.au FU University of the Sunshine Coast, Australia; China Scholarship Council (CSC)China Scholarship Council; University of Queensland, AustraliaUniversity of Queensland FX We are especially grateful to the many researchers from the Tropical Forests and People Research Centre who assisted with the field work component of this study including relocating the experiment sites based on historical records, and the subsequent re-establishing and remeasuring of the eight plots. We thank B. McDonald, A. Ford and M. Bradford for assistance with identifying the trees that were new recruits since the last measurement. We wish to thank B. Hogg and D. Lee for their invaluable assistance in locating and allowing access to the historical records and data files associated with this historic experiment. We also recognise the substantial legacy created by the researchers and technicians from the Queensland Department of Forestry who originally established the long-term plots and collected data up until 1997. This research was supported by an internal grant provided by the University of the Sunshine Coast, Australia. The first author was supported by the China Scholarship Council (CSC) (Ph.D. scholarship) and the University of Queensland, Australia for her PhD program. NR 51 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD FEB 1 PY 2020 VL 457 AR 117690 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2019.117690 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA KG0DM UT WOS:000509611900017 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Komonen, A Tuominen, L Purhonen, J Halme, P AF Komonen, Atte Tuominen, Laura Purhonen, Jenna Halme, Panu TI Landscape structure influences browsing on a keystone tree species in conservation areas SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Alces alces; Biodiversity; Boreal forest; Disturbance; Landscape; Populus tremula ID POPULUS-TREMULA L.; HARES LEPUS-TIMIDUS; MOOSE ALCES-ALCES; HOME-RANGE SIZE; ROE DEER; HABITAT SELECTION; SPATIAL SCALES; BOREAL FORESTS; ASPEN STANDS; DIVERSITY AB Aspen is a keystone species in boreal forests. The future of aspen in many conservation areas is threatened by ungulate browsing. Our aim was to study the effect of browsing on aspen regeneration and population structure in conservation areas in Central Finland, and the effect of surrounding landscape structure on browsing. Aspen density varied greatly among and within conservation areas. In about half of the conservation areas, middle-sized aspens were scarce or missing, which indicates heavy browsing in the recent past. In addition, the number of dead, large aspens in advanced decay stages were rare. Browsing pressure varied greatly among the areas, but on average, a bit more than half of the living aspens had been browsed. Landscape structure influenced browsing so that increasing proportion of farmland within 1 km and 3 km of the conservation areas decreased browsing pressure. The poor recruitment of aspen in many conservation areas jeopardizes the accumulation of large living and dead aspens. This means that many aspen-associated threatened species are in the risk of local extinction, unless aspen recruitment is enhanced by management. C1 [Komonen, Atte; Tuominen, Laura; Purhonen, Jenna; Halme, Panu] Univ Jyvaskyla, Sch Resource Wisdom, Dept Biol & Environm Sci, POB 35, FI-40014 Jyvaskyla, Finland. RP Komonen, A (reprint author), Univ Jyvaskyla, Sch Resource Wisdom, Dept Biol & Environm Sci, POB 35, FI-40014 Jyvaskyla, Finland. EM atte.komonen@jyu.fi FU Suomen Biologian Seura Vanamo ry; Societas pro Fauna et Flora Fennica; University of Jyvaskyla FX We thank Suomen Biologian Seura Vanamo ry, Societas pro Fauna et Flora Fennica and University of Jyvaskyla for the financial support. NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD FEB 1 PY 2020 VL 457 AR 117724 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2019.117724 PG 7 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA KG0DM UT WOS:000509611900015 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Li, Q Song, XZ Yrjala, K Lv, JH Li, YF Wu, JS Qin, H AF Li, Quan Song, Xinzhang Yrjala, Kim Lv, Jianhua Li, Yongfu Wu, Jiasheng Qin, Hua TI Biochar mitigates the effect of nitrogen deposition on soil bacterial community composition and enzyme activities in a Torreya grandis orchard SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE N deposition; Biochar; Microbial biomass; Soil bacterial community; Enzyme activity ID GREENHOUSE-GAS EMISSIONS; MICROBIAL COMMUNITY; TEMPERATURE SENSITIVITY; CARBON SEQUESTRATION; INTENSIVE MANAGEMENT; FUNGAL COMMUNITIES; FOREST ECOSYSTEMS; RESPONSES; BIOMASS; RESPIRATION AB Increased reactive N deposition has widespread effects on terrestrial ecosystems, such as biodiversity loss, soil acidification, as well as stimulated plant growth. Empirical studies show that biochar often affects soil quality, crop productivity, soil microbial community composition and enzyme activities. However, the effect of biochar addition on forest soil bacterial community along with enzyme activities under nitrogen (N) deposition and its related mechanisms have not been well studied yet. Therefore, a 2-year field study was conducted to investigate the effects of biochar amendment (0, 20, 40 kg biochar ha(-1) yr(-1)) on soil nutrients, enzyme activities, and bacterial community in a Torreya grandis orchard under different levels of N deposition (0, 30, 60 kg N ha(-1) yr(-1)). N deposition significantly increased soil nutrients availability, such as N, phosphorus (P) and potassium (K), while biochar amendment led to significant increase in soil pH, organic carbon (SOC), total N (TN), total P (TP), available P (AP) and available K (AK). Both N deposition and biochar amendment significantly decreased the soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC), altered soil microbial community and enzyme activities significantly. Biochar addition increased the relative abundance of phylum Proteobacteria under different levels of N deposition, but had variable effect on Acidobacteria groups. Non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) indicated that biochar amendment can mitigate the effect of N deposition on soil bacterial community composition and enzyme activities. Soil pH and SOC played an important role in shaping soil bacterial community composition, while available AP and AK contents significantly related to the variation of soil enzyme activities. Structure equation modeling (SEM) revealed that N deposition had negative effect on soil enzyme activities while biochar amendment can mitigate this negative effect through increasing AP content. Our result suggests that biochar amendment can mitigate the alteration of soil bacterial community and enzyme activities induced by N deposition, and this mitigation effect was linked to the alteration of soil physicochemical properties, especially the increased AP content. Thus, biochar amendment could be a promising way to develop sustainable forest management under increasing N deposition. C1 [Li, Quan; Song, Xinzhang; Yrjala, Kim; Lv, Jianhua; Li, Yongfu; Wu, Jiasheng; Qin, Hua] Zhejiang A&F Univ, State Key Lab Subtrop Silviculture, Hangzhou 311300, Peoples R China. [Yrjala, Kim] Univ Helsinki, Dept Forest Sci, Helsinki,PB,Latokartanonkaari 7, Helsinki 00014, Finland. [Li, Yongfu; Qin, Hua] Zhejiang A&F Univ, Zhejiang Prov Key Lab Carbon Cycling Forest Ecosy, Hangzhou 311300, Peoples R China. RP Wu, JS; Qin, H (reprint author), Zhejiang A&F Univ, State Key Lab Subtrop Silviculture, Hangzhou 311300, Peoples R China. EM wujs@zafu.edu.cn; qinhua@zafu.edu.cn FU Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [31570616, 31470529] FX The research was financially supported by Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 31570616 and 31470529). We thank Dr. Scott X. Chang and Dr. Yanjiang Cai for their assistance in manuscript preparation. NR 75 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD FEB 1 PY 2020 VL 457 AR 117717 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2019.117717 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA KG0DM UT WOS:000509611900016 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Papa, DD de Almeida, DRA Silva, CA Figueiredo, EO Stark, SC Valbuena, R Rodriguez, LCE d'Oliveira, MVN AF Papa, Daniel de Almeida Alves de Almeida, Danilo Roberti Silva, Carlos Alberto Figueiredo, Evandro Orfano Stark, Scott C. Valbuena, Ruben Estraviz Rodriguez, Luiz Carlos Neves d'Oliveira, Marcus Vinicio TI Evaluating tropical forest classification and field sampling stratification from lidar to reduce effort and enable landscape monitoring SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Forest management; Amazon; Airborne laser scanner; Leaf area density; Leaf area index; Cluster analysis ID CANOPY LEAF-AREA; AIRBORNE LIDAR; AMAZON FOREST; TREE SIZE; CARBON; ATTRIBUTES; PROFILES; BIOMASS; IDENTIFICATION; STRATEGIES AB In high biodiversity areas, such as the Amazon, forest inventory is a challenge due to large variations in vegetation structure and inaccessibility. Capturing the full gradient of variability requires the acquisition of a large number of sample plots. Pre-stratified inventory is an efficient strategy that reduces sampling effort and cost. Low-cost remote sensing techniques may significantly expand pre-stratification capacity; however, the simplest option, satellite optical imagery, cannot detect small variations in primary forests. Alternatively, three-dimensional information obtained from airborne laser scanning (ALS, a.k.a. airborne lidar) has been successfully used to estimate structural parameters in tropical forests. Our objective was to assess to what extent forest plot sampling effort could be reduced, while accurately estimating mean vegetation characteristics in the landscape, by stratifying with ALS structural properties, relative to a random, uniformed conventional approach. The study was developed in an 800-ha area of wet Amazonian forest (Acre, Brazil), including portions of palms, bamboo and dense forest. We estimated relevant structural attributes from ALS: canopy height, openness, rugosity and fractions of leaf area index (LAI) along the vertical profile. We clustered vegetation to define heterogeneity into structural types, employing the Ward method and Euclidean distance. Also, principal component analysis was employed to characterize the groups using field and ALS-derived structural attributes. We simulated sampling intensities to estimate the gain in reducing the field efforts based on pre-stratified and non-stratified forest inventory scenarios. The resulting stratification clearly distinguished the forest's structural variation gradient and the vegetation density profile. For a fixed uncertainty of 10% in basal area estimation, the ALS-aided stratified inventory reduced the necessary number of field plots by 41%, relative to simple random sampling. The resulting reduction in sampling effort can offset the cost of ALS data collection, significantly enhancing its financial feasibility. In addition, ALS provides broad-coverage quantifications of basal area (or aboveground carbon stock), canopy structure, and accurate terrain characterization, which have an added value for forest management. C1 [Papa, Daniel de Almeida; Figueiredo, Evandro Orfano; Neves d'Oliveira, Marcus Vinicio] Embrapa, Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil. [Alves de Almeida, Danilo Roberti; Estraviz Rodriguez, Luiz Carlos] Univ Sao Paulo, ESALQ, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Silva, Carlos Alberto] Univ Maryland, Geog Sci Dept, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Stark, Scott C.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Valbuena, Ruben] Bangor Univ, Sch Nat Sci, Bangor, Gwynedd, Wales. RP Papa, DD (reprint author), Embrapa, Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil. EM daniel.papa@embrapa.br FU Sao Paulo Research FoundationFundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) [2018/21338-3, 2019/14697-0] FX D. Almeida was supported by the Sao Paulo Research Foundation (#2018/21338-3 and #2019/14697-0). NR 83 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD FEB 1 PY 2020 VL 457 AR 117634 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2019.117634 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA KG0DM UT WOS:000509611900027 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Teixeira, HM Cardoso, IM Bianchi, FJJA Silva, AD Jamme, D Pena-Claros, M AF Teixeira, Heitor Mancini Cardoso, Irene Maria Bianchi, Felix J. J. A. Silva, Arthur da Cruz Jamme, Delphin Pena-Claros, Marielos TI Linking vegetation and soil functions during secondary forest succession in the Atlantic forest SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Ecosystem services; Functional diversity; Soil microbiology; Chronosequence; Carbon cycling; Soil cover; Nutrient cycling; Brazil ID NATURAL REGENERATION; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; TROPICAL FORESTS; RAIN-FOREST; MICROBIAL BIOMASS; PLANT DIVERSITY; LEAF TRAITS; BIODIVERSITY; RESTORATION; PACKAGE AB Secondary forest succession can be an effective and low-cost strategy to increase forest cover and the associated biodiversity and soil functions. However, little is known about how soil functions develop during succession, and how vegetation attributes influence soil functions, especially in highly biodiverse and fragmented landscapes in the tropics. Here we assessed a wide range of indicators of taxonomic (e.g. number of tree species), structural (e.g. basal area, canopy openness) and functional diversity (e.g. community weighted means of functional traits) of tree species, as well as indicators for soil functions related to soil organic matter accumulation, nutrient cycling and soil cover in secondary forest patches ranging from 5 to 80 years. Two recently abandoned agricultural fields were included as the starting point of forest succession and two primary forest patches served as references for the end point of forest succession. Four ecological hypotheses, centred around the role of functional diversity, structural diversity and biomass, were tested to explore mechanisms in which forest vegetation may influence soil functions. Most measures of structural, taxonomic and functional diversity converged to values found in primary forests after 25-50 years of succession, whereas functional composition changed from acquisitive to conservative species. Soil carbon and nutrient cycling showed a quick recovery to the levels of primary forests after 15 years of succession. Although soil cover also increased during succession, levels of primary forests were not reached within 80 years. Variation in tree height and trait dominance were identified as aboveground drivers of carbon and nutrient cycling, while aboveground biomass was the main driver of litter accumulation, and the associated soil cover and water retention. Our results indicate that secondary forest succession can lead to a relative fast recovery of nutrient and carbon cycling functions, but not of soil cover. Our findings highlight the essential role of secondary forests in providing multiple ecosystem services. These results can be used to inform management and reforestation programmes targeted at strengthening soil functions, such as soil cover, nutrient and carbon cycling. C1 [Teixeira, Heitor Mancini; Bianchi, Felix J. J. A.; Jamme, Delphin] Wageningen Univ & Res, Farming Syst Ecol Grp, Wageningen, Netherlands. [Teixeira, Heitor Mancini; Cardoso, Irene Maria; Silva, Arthur da Cruz] Univ Fed Vicosa, Dept Soil & Plant Nutr, Av Peter Henry Rolfs S-N,UFV Univ Campus, BR-36570900 Vicosa, MG, Brazil. [Teixeira, Heitor Mancini; Pena-Claros, Marielos] Wageningen Univ & Res, Forest Ecol & Forest Management Grp, Wageningen, Netherlands. RP Teixeira, HM (reprint author), Univ Fed Vicosa, Dept Soil & Plant Nutr, Av Peter Henry Rolfs S-N,UFV Univ Campus, BR-36570900 Vicosa, MG, Brazil. EM heitor.manciniteixeira@wur.nl FU Interdisciplinary Research and Education Fund (INREF) of Wageningen University & Research, the NetherlandsNetherlands Government; Stichting Het Kronendak, the NetherlandsNetherlands Government; Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil (FAPEMIG)Minas Gerais State Research Foundation (FAPEMIG) [APQ-03348-16]; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientffico e Tecnologico do Brasil (CNPq)National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) [Universal 01/2016] FX This work is part of the FOREFRONT programme, funded by the Interdisciplinary Research and Education Fund (INREF) of Wageningen University & Research, the Netherlands. We thank Stichting Het Kronendak, the Netherlands, Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil (FAPEMIG): APQ-03348-16, and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientffico e Tecnologico do Brasil (CNPq): Universal 01/2016, for the additional funding support. We thank Talita Guarconi, Maria Alencar Victer, Niara Rutte, Juliana Andrade, Bruna Carolina da Silva Goulart and other students for their help with the forest inventory and the measurements of functional traits in the lab. We thank Pablo Tittonell for valuable meetings to discuss the content and concepts of the paper. We specially thank the farmers Adriano and Renata Silvestre, whom provided shelter and food during fieldwork, and all the Frossard community members, who shared their knowledge and supported access to the research plots. Finally, we would like to thank the Centro de Tecnologias Alternativas da Zona da Mate, Brasil (CTA-ZM), farmers and farmer organisations' in Zona da Mate for supporting our research. NR 109 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD FEB 1 PY 2020 VL 457 AR 117696 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2019.117696 PG 13 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA KG0DM UT WOS:000509611900008 OA Other Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Thakur, S Negi, VS Pathak, R Dhyani, R Durgapal, K Rawal, RS AF Thakur, Shinny Negi, Vikram S. Pathak, Ravi Dhyani, Rupesh Durgapal, Kamini Rawal, Ranbeer S. TI Indicator based integrated vulnerability assessment of community forests in Indian west Himalaya SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Community Forest; Vulnerability assessment; Indicators; Climate change; Anthropogenic pressure; Altitudinal gradient; Western Himalaya ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; ANTHROPOGENIC DISTURBANCES; BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION; VEGETATION PATTERNS; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; ADAPTIVE CAPACITY; HIMACHAL-PRADESH; CHANGE IMPACTS; LAND-USE; ADAPTATION AB The Himalaya is often referred to as forested landscape, which provides a range of ecosystem services vital for sustaining life of billions of people. The region is recognized amongst the 35 global biodiversity hotspots for its unique and rich biodiversity. Also, the region is highly vulnerable to perturbations due to anthropogenic disturbances and climate change. Especially the forests in the region are subject to stress from such perturbations. The higher dependency of communities on forests and changing climate has impacts on structure and function of forest ecosystems. This has severe implications for forest dependent communities. Therefore, vulnerability assessment of forests is urgently needed to understand the likely consequences of these changes and responses. Such information would help in developing better management and conservation planning. Earlier studies on vulnerability assessment of forests and forest-dependent people have failed to acknowledge the importance of spatial and temporal aspects of vulnerability investigated through field based observations. Realizing this, present study focuses on forest vulnerability assessment through field based observations along an altitudinal gradient (700-3400 m) in the Indian west Himalaya. This study, for the first time, provides vulnerability assessment of community forests at local scale following integrated approach of multiple indicators across diverse domains. The vulnerability indicators have been identified through a systematic analysis and extensive review of the available literature. A total of 14 indicators in six domains (viz. forest, climate, anthropogenic, topographic, soil and management practices) were identified to assess inherent vulnerability of Community Forests (Van Panchayats) in the target region. Furthermore, Forest Vulnerability Index (FVI) was calculated by integrating the selected indicators across domains. The results revealed high vulnerability at low altitude (< 1200 m) forests. Disturbance index, expansion of invasive species and people dependency has emerged as the major factors responsible for forest vulnerability in the region. The value of FVI declined significantly (R-2 = 0.51, p < 0.001) with increasing altitude range. The study also analysed perceptions of inhabitant community regarding dependency on forest resources, management practices and status of community forest in the studied area. The outcomes of this study would help in developing management interventions and strategies to ensure sustainable management of forest resources in the targeted landscape in particular and Indian Himalaya in general. C1 [Thakur, Shinny; Negi, Vikram S.; Pathak, Ravi; Dhyani, Rupesh; Durgapal, Kamini; Rawal, Ranbeer S.] GB Pant Natl Inst Himalayan Environm & Sustainabl, Almora, Uttarakhand, India. RP Negi, VS; Rawal, RS (reprint author), GB Pant Natl Inst Himalayan Environm & Sustainabl, Almora, Uttarakhand, India. EM vikramsnegii@gmail.com; ranbeerrawal4@gmail.com FU Department of Science and Technology, Govt. of India under National Mission for Sustaining the Himalayan Ecosystem, Task Force-3 'Forest Resources and Plant Biodiversity' (DST/SPLICE/CCP/NMSHE/TF/GBPIHED/2014[G]) FX The authors are thankful to the Director G.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment and Sustainable Development, KosiKatarmal, Almora for facilities and encouragement. Funding support from Department of Science and Technology, Govt. of India under National Mission for Sustaining the Himalayan Ecosystem, Task Force-3 'Forest Resources and Plant Biodiversity' ( DST/SPLICE/CCP/NMSHE/TF/GBPIHED/2014[G] dated 2/09/14) is gratefully acknowledged. We thank the team members of Monitoring Component of NMSHE - Task Force 3 for assistance during field work. The critical comments received from two anonymous reviewers in earlier versions of manuscript helped us significantly improve the contents of this paper: we thank them. NR 109 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD FEB 1 PY 2020 VL 457 AR 117674 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2019.117674 PG 14 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA KG0DM UT WOS:000509611900029 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Yu, QS Rao, XQ Chu, CJ Liu, SP Lin, YB Sun, D Tan, XP Abu Hanif Shen, WJ AF Yu, Qingshui Rao, Xingquan Chu, Chengjin Liu, Suping Lin, Yongbiao Sun, Dan Tan, Xiangping Abu Hanif Shen, Weijun TI Species dominance rather than species asynchrony determines the temporal stability of productivity in four subtropical forests along 30 years of restoration SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Biodiversity; Stability; Restoration; Species richness; Phylogenetic diversity; Species asynchrony ID PHYLOGENETIC DIVERSITY; ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION; BIOMASS PRODUCTION; PLANT DIVERSITY; BIODIVERSITY; CONSEQUENCES; COMMUNITIES; PLANTATIONS; POPULATION; ECOSYSTEMS AB Understanding biodiversity and its relationship with ecosystem functioning along forest succession is extremely important to assessing dynamics of community stability and ecosystem integrity. Previous studies have revealed that increases in species richness, phylogenetic diversity (PD), species asynchrony and dominance can stabilize the temporal stability of community biomass in grasslands. However, how these determinants influence the stabilizing effect of biodiversity on forest productivity remains poorly understood. We analyzed the relationships between woody plant diversity and productivity stability along 30 years of restoration (1985-2015) in four types of subtropical forest: a mixed Eucalyptus plantation (EE), an Acacia mangiwn monoculture (AM), a mixed native species plantation (NS), and a mixed coniferous plantation (MC). Our results showed that community stability in three mixed species plantations (EE, NS, and MC) rather than the AM monoculture augmented remarkably as restoration proceeded. Both species richness and phylogenetic diversity significantly stabilized community productivity in the mixed species plantations instead of the monoculture during the 30-year restoration period. Species asynchrony was not a significant factor contributing to the forest productivity stability. Instead, community stability was mainly driven by that of the dominant tree species, and to a lesser extent, by the species richness. We demonstrated the more important role of species dominance in maintaining the temporal stability of forest productivity, which differs from that (species asynchrony) for grassland communities. C1 [Yu, Qingshui; Rao, Xingquan; Liu, Suping; Lin, Yongbiao; Sun, Dan; Tan, Xiangping; Abu Hanif; Shen, Weijun] Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Vegetat Restorat & Management Degraded Ec, South China Bot Garden, Guangzhou 510650, Peoples R China. [Yu, Qingshui; Abu Hanif] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Coll Life Sci, Beijing 100000, Peoples R China. [Chu, Chengjin] Sun Yat Sen Univ, State Key Lab Biocontrol, Dept Ecol, SYSU Alberta Joint Lab Biodivers Conservat, Guangzhou 510650, Peoples R China. [Chu, Chengjin] Sun Yat Sen Univ, Sch Life Sci, Guangzhou 510650, Peoples R China. RP Shen, WJ (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, South China Bot Garden, 723 Xingke RD, Guangzhou 510650, Peoples R China. EM shenweij@scbg.ac.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [31425005, 31290222, 31130011]; National Ten Thousand Talents Program; Guangdong Province Baigianwan Talents Program; CAS/SAFEA International Partnership Program for Creative Research TeamsChinese Academy of Sciences FX We would like to appreciate the staff of the Heshan National Field Observation and Research Station of Forest Ecosystem in China. Financial support was provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31425005, 31290222, and 31130011), the National Ten Thousand Talents Program, the Guangdong Province Baigianwan Talents Program, and the CAS/SAFEA International Partnership Program for Creative Research Teams. NR 59 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD FEB 1 PY 2020 VL 457 AR 117687 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2019.117687 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA KG0DM UT WOS:000509611900024 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Dai, YC Xue, YD Hacker, CE Zhang, YG Zhang, Y Liu, F Li, DQ AF Dai, Yunchuan Xue, Yadong Hacker, Charlotte E. Zhang, Yuguang Zhang, Yu Liu, Fang Li, Diqiang TI Human-carnivore conflicts and mitigation options in Qinghai province, China SO JOURNAL FOR NATURE CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE Coexistence; Compensation; House break-ins; Livestock depredation; Brown bear; Wolf ID HUMAN-WILDLIFE CONFLICT; BROWN BEAR CONFLICTS; EX-POST; MANAGEMENT; COMPENSATION; LIVESTOCK; CONSERVATION; PATTERNS; PLATEAU; KEY AB Human-carnivore conflicts often result in reduced tolerance by local communities for long-term carnivore species conservation. Increasing conflicts and inefficient resolutions exacerbate fear for personal safety and loss of property. Effective resolution to mitigate conflict is of top priority for carnivore management and conservation. Understanding human-carnivore conflict patterns in highly affected areas is imperative for designing and implementing effective mitigation measures. We analyzed the current status and patterns of human-carnivore conflicts in Qinghai province based on reported incidents from January 2014 through December 2017. The results show that: (1) a total of 7494 incidents were reported, with $4,030,918 USD paid to victims as compensation over the 4 year period; (2) 27 counties reported incidents, primarily in Zhiduo (n = 4296, 57 %); (3) conflict types consisted of livestock depredation, house break-ins and attacks on humans; (4) all attacks on humans and house break-ins were caused by brown bears, while most livestock depredation was caused by wolves; (5) autumn is the peak season for reports of livestock predation and house break-in incidents, while summer is the peak season for reports of attacks on humans; and (6) conflict areas were primarily found in or adjacent to national parks. We propose various measures and research options to mitigate human-carnivore conflicts with snow leopards, wolves and brown bears, including a wildlife damage compensation program, electric fences, bear spray, diversionary feeding and ceasing small mammal poisoning. If shown to be effective, these measures could be applied to conflict reduction efforts and wildlife conservation planning across the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, particularly in regions with high biodiversity. C1 [Dai, Yunchuan; Xue, Yadong; Zhang, Yuguang; Liu, Fang; Li, Diqiang] Chinese Acad Forestry, Res Inst Forest Ecol Environm & Protect, Beijing 100091, Peoples R China. [Dai, Yunchuan; Xue, Yadong; Zhang, Yuguang; Liu, Fang; Li, Diqiang] State Forestry & Grassland Adm, Key Lab Biodivers Conservat, Beijing 100091, Peoples R China. [Hacker, Charlotte E.] Duquesne Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15282 USA. [Zhang, Yu] Qilian Mt Natl Pk Qinghai Adm, Xining 810007, Peoples R China. RP Liu, F; Li, DQ (reprint author), Chinese Acad Forestry, Res Inst Forest Ecol Environm & Protect, Beijing 100091, Peoples R China.; Liu, F; Li, DQ (reprint author), State Forestry & Grassland Adm, Key Lab Biodivers Conservat, Beijing 100091, Peoples R China. EM liufang.caf@qq.com; lidiqiang_caf@163.com FU Public Welfare Project of the National Scientific Research Institution [CAFYBB2018ZD001, CAFYBB2019ZE003] FX Public Welfare Project of the National Scientific Research Institution, Grant/Award Number: CAFYBB2018ZD001, CAFYBB2019ZE003. NR 66 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER GMBH PI MUNICH PA HACKERBRUCKE 6, 80335 MUNICH, GERMANY SN 1617-1381 EI 1618-1093 J9 J NAT CONSERV JI J. Nat. Conserv. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 53 AR UNSP 125776 DI 10.1016/j.jnc.2019.125776 PG 8 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KD1PF UT WOS:000507643800011 OA Bronze DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Garcia-Hernandez, MD Toledo-Aceves, T AF de los Angeles Garcia-Hernandez, Maria Toledo-Aceves, Tarin TI Is there potential in elevational assisted migration for the endangered Magnolia vovidesii? SO JOURNAL FOR NATURE CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE Climate change; Elevation gradient; Sapling survival; Temperature; Translocation; Tropical montane cloud forest ID MONTANE CLOUD FORESTS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; TREE; CONSERVATION; MEXICO; GROWTH; REGENERATION; POPULATIONS; LIGHT; TRANSLOCATION AB Faced with global climate change, biodiversity management and conservation strategies must consider both the current and potential distribution of tree species in response to rising temperatures. Assisted migration is a climate change mitigation strategy to overcome the uncoupling between species populations and the climate. However, limited field information exists regarding the responses of tree species to such movement along elevation gradients. We analysed the performance of Magnolia vovidesii saplings planted along an elevation gradient (1250-2517 m a.s.l.) in Mexico. This is a native cloud forest tree species that is endangered throughout its restricted distribution. Saplings were planted in nine forest sites, one site at the same elevation as the M. vovidesii population seed source, five sites at higher elevation and with lower temperatures, testing the potential for assisted population migration, as well as three sites at lower elevation in order to mimic the effects of increased temperature. In each site, 30 saplings were planted under the forest canopy and their survival and relative growth rate in height (RGR(h)) recorded over three years. Sapling survival ranged from 53 % to 97 % and survival increased with elevation, followed by a decrease at the two highest elevations studied. RGR(h) also increased with elevation, followed by a decrease at the highest sites. Saplings displayed higher RGR(h) at intermediate levels of canopy cover. Our results indicate that the transfer of M. vovidesii saplings up to - 2300 m a.s.l, which is 600 m above the elevation limit of its current reported distribution, has potential as a conservation strategy to mitigate climate change effects. C1 [de los Angeles Garcia-Hernandez, Maria; Toledo-Aceves, Tarin] Inst Ecol AC, Carretera Antigua Coatepec 351, Xalapa 91070, Veracruz, Mexico. RP Toledo-Aceves, T (reprint author), Inst Ecol AC, Carretera Antigua Coatepec 351, Xalapa 91070, Veracruz, Mexico. EM tarin.toledo@inecol.mx FU CONACYTConsejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACyT) [CB2014-01/238831]; INECOL A.C. FX This work was supported by CONACYT (CB2014-01/238831). We thank S. Landero, C. Gallardo, M. Mendoza, M. SanGabriel, V. Vasquez, J. Tolome, C. Pinto, M. Bautista, M.J. Peralta, L. Rios and O.A. Hernandez for their valuable help during field work, S. Rocha Ortiz for conducting soil analysis, G. Sanchez for hemispherical photograph processing, R. Landgrave for creating the map and K. MacMillan for English revision. We thank INECOL A.C., C. Iglesias and the staff of the "Francisco Javier Clavijero" Botanical Garden for use of their facilities. Our gratitude also to R. Macias, Y. Perroni, C. Gallardo, R. Hernandez, A. SanGabriel, F. SanGabriel, F. Cortina and E. Ceballos for granting us permission to work on their respective properties. NR 68 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER GMBH PI MUNICH PA HACKERBRUCKE 6, 80335 MUNICH, GERMANY SN 1617-1381 EI 1618-1093 J9 J NAT CONSERV JI J. Nat. Conserv. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 53 AR UNSP 125782 DI 10.1016/j.jnc.2019.125782 PG 9 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KD1PF UT WOS:000507643800016 OA Bronze DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Grzybowski, M Glinska-Lewczuk, K AF Grzybowski, Miroslaw Glinska-Lewczuk, Katarzyna TI The principal threats to the peatlands habitats, in the continental bioregion of Central Europe - A case study of peatland conservation in Poland SO JOURNAL FOR NATURE CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE Peatland habitat; Biodiversity conservation; Environmental threats; Natura 2000 ID CARBON-DIOXIDE EMISSIONS; DISSOLVED ORGANIC-MATTER; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; OMBROTROPHIC MIRES; WIND EROSION; CLIMATE; AFFORESTATION; BIODIVERSITY; RESTORATION; SUBSIDENCE AB This paper discusses resources of peatland habitat of high nature conservation importance as defined by the European Community, specifically in Poland, as a case study. The study covers eight habitat types distinguished in Natura 2000: raised bogs, mires, fen habitats (sphagnum acid bogs: 7110, 7120, 7140, 7150, calcareous fens: 7210, 7220, 7230 and bog woodlands: 91D0), occurring in 806 Special Areas of Conservation in Poland. The overall state of the habitat types, their threats, pressures, and activities, as well as their potential for restoration, was based on detailed analyses of data from Special Areas of Conservation (SACs) reports for the Natura 2000 network (N2000): Standard Data Forms, management plans, own verification in the terrain, and monitoring from the period 2006-2018. Of the 2377 km(2) total area of peatland habitat covered by N2000 in Poland, only 13.8 % represents favorable status (FV), while as much as 80.2 % was classified as of unfavorable inadequate (U1) or unfavorable bad status (U2). The most significant threats to bog habitats in the continental bioregion result from human-induced changes in hydraulic conditions that have modified whole natural systems. Based on multivariate analysis (PCA), we found that significant differences in the conservation status of the bog habitats resulted from a variety of threats, pressures, and activities, among which the most significant are pollution from agriculture (7220, 7230), decreased and unstable water resources (7110, 7120, 7140, 7150, 7210, 7220, 7230, 91D0), drying up (7120, 7150), peat extraction (7120), changes in plant species composition (7120, 7140, 7230), succession of invasive species (7150), problematic native species (91D0), and more intense visitor pressure (7140). The most impacted habitats are 7230 petrifying springs with tufa formation (Cratoneurion). The examined habitats have potential for restoration. Our findings prove that successful conservation programs for peatland habitats of the continental bioregion should be undertaken to protect and preserve their direct and indirect surroundings. A list of recommendations for treatments to be included in habitat conservation programs is presented. C1 [Grzybowski, Miroslaw] Univ Warmia & Mazury, Dept Tourism Recreat & Ecol, Oczapowskiego 5, PL-10719 Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland. [Glinska-Lewczuk, Katarzyna] Univ Warmia & Mazury, Dept Water Resources Climatol & Environm Manageme, Oczapowskiego 2, PL-10756 Olsztyn, Poland. RP Grzybowski, M (reprint author), Univ Warmia & Mazury, Dept Tourism Recreat & Ecol, Oczapowskiego 5, PL-10719 Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland. EM grzybomi@uwm.edu.pl OI Grzybowski, Miroslaw/0000-0002-1887-7498 NR 116 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER GMBH PI MUNICH PA HACKERBRUCKE 6, 80335 MUNICH, GERMANY SN 1617-1381 EI 1618-1093 J9 J NAT CONSERV JI J. Nat. Conserv. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 53 AR UNSP 125778 DI 10.1016/j.jnc.2019.125778 PG 12 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KD1PF UT WOS:000507643800013 OA Other Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Hartel, T Scheele, B Rozylowicz, L Horcea-Milcu, A Cogalniceanu, D AF Hartel, Tibor Scheele, Ben C. Rozylowicz, Laurentiu Horcea-Milcu, Andra Cogalniceanu, Dan TI The social context for conservation: Amphibians in human shaped landscapes with high nature values SO JOURNAL FOR NATURE CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE Wildlife-friendly management; Conservation policy; Human development; Biodiversity conservation; Social sciences ID MANAGEMENT; KNOWLEDGE; DECLINES; IMPACTS; HABITAT; SCIENCE; AREAS; POND AB Many human-shaped landscapes have high natural and cultural values and support viable amphibian populations. The challenges and approaches required to achieve the persistence of amphibians in such landscapes are clearly different from approaches commonly applied in protected areas. Contrary to protected areas or natural landscapes, where amphibian conservationists can have direct control over management, in human-shaped landscapes, management options must incorporate local communities' values and socio-economic aspirations. However, consideration of the social aspects of amphibian conservation are not well represented in the amphibian conservation literature. Here, we propose that amphibian conservationists should: (i) assess the controllability of their management actions for achieving long-term sustainability; (ii) understand the values and attitudes of landowners towards amphibians, as well as amphibian-friendly practices (local scale) and land stewardship forms on which amphibian conservation initiatives can be built (landscape scale); and, (iii) understand the social and economic drivers of land-use, which is crucial for building adaptive potential in conservation programs. Since targeted amphibian conservation initiatives are limited in human-shaped landscapes, focus on the broader socio-economic context conducive to amphibian persistence is crucial. C1 [Hartel, Tibor] Babes Bolyai Univ, Hungarian Dept Biol & Ecol, Cluj Napoca, Romania. [Hartel, Tibor] Babes Bolyai Univ, Ctr Syst Biol Biodivers & Bioresources Ctr 3B, Cluj Napoca, Romania. [Scheele, Ben C.] Australian Natl Univ, Fenner Sch Environm & Soc, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. [Rozylowicz, Laurentiu] Univ Bucharest, Ctr Environm Res CCMESI, Bucharest, Romania. [Horcea-Milcu, Andra] Univ Helsinki, Fac Biol & Environm Sci, POB 65, Helsinki 00014, Finland. [Horcea-Milcu, Andra] Univ Helsinki, Helsinki Inst Sustainabil Sci, POB 65, Helsinki 00014, Finland. [Cogalniceanu, Dan] Ovidius Univ Constanta, Fac Nat & Agr Sci, Constanta, Romania. RP Hartel, T (reprint author), Babes Bolyai Univ, Hungarian Dept Biol & Ecol, Cluj Napoca, Romania.; Hartel, T (reprint author), Babes Bolyai Univ, Ctr Syst Biol Biodivers & Bioresources Ctr 3B, Cluj Napoca, Romania. EM hartel.tibor@gmail.com RI Horcea-Milcu, Andra-Ioana/AAF-8772-2019 OI Horcea-Milcu, Andra-Ioana/0000-0003-1757-6615 FU Romanian National Authority for Scientific Research and Innovation, CCCDI-UEFISCDI ERA-FACCE-STACCATO-3; BabeS-Bolyai University; Romanian Ministry of Research and Innovation, CCCDI-UEFISCDI, within PNCDI III [PN-III-Pl-1.2-PCCDI-2017-0721/2018]; Romanian National Authority for Scientific Research [PN-III-P4-ID-PCE-2016-0483] FX The work of TH is a contribution to the project SusTaining AgriCultural ChAnge Through ecological engineering and Optimal use of natural resources (STACCATO), supported by a grant of the Romanian National Authority for Scientific Research and Innovation, CCCDI-UEFISCDI ERA-FACCE-STACCATO-3 and to the STAR UBB fellowship of the BabeS-Bolyai University.; The work of DC was supported by a grant of the Romanian Ministry of Research and Innovation, CCCDI-UEFISCDI, project number PN-III-Pl-1.2-PCCDI-2017-0721/2018, within PNCDI III.; The work of LR was supported by a grant of the Romanian National Authority for Scientific Research (https://uefiscdi.gov.ro), PN-III-P4-ID-PCE-2016-0483. B. Schmidt provided insightful comments and encouragement that was crucial for the development of the ideas presented in this manuscript. NR 62 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER GMBH PI MUNICH PA HACKERBRUCKE 6, 80335 MUNICH, GERMANY SN 1617-1381 EI 1618-1093 J9 J NAT CONSERV JI J. Nat. Conserv. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 53 AR UNSP 125762 DI 10.1016/j.jnc.2019.125762 PG 7 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KD1PF UT WOS:000507643800008 OA Bronze DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Heringer, G Almeida, TE Dittrich, VAD Salino, A AF Heringer, Gustavo Almeida, Thais Elias de Oliveira Dittrich, Vinicius Antonio Salino, Alexandre TI Assessing the effectiveness of protected areas for the conservation of ferns and lycophytes in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais SO JOURNAL FOR NATURE CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE Ferns; Lycophytes; Protected areas; Plant conservation; Pteridophytes; Threatened species ID ENVIRONMENTAL GRADIENTS; BIODIVERSITY; DIVERSITY; EXTRAPOLATION; RAREFACTION; RICHNESS; HOTSPOTS AB This assessment uses ferns and lycophytes as indicators for testing the effectiveness of the Protected Areas in Minas Gerais state, in southeastern Brazil. Using samples mainly from collections made by the authors since 2004 and additional materials deposited in many herbaria, we have compared species occurrence records inside and outside Protected Areas using proportion tests and rarefaction curves. We recorded 35 families, 136 genera and 707 species of ferns and lycophytes in Minas Gerais. The total number of species is estimated to be 779.420 (+/- 19.534 SE) in this state. Inside the Protected Areas, the number of species tends to be higher than outside, and this relationship is even more pronounced when considering only the threatened species. When we used rarefaction curves, Protected Areas also showed higher species richness not only for all species but also for species on the Minas Gerais list of threatened plants. Although there is a need for increasing the Protected Areas in the state, so that the 78 species recorded only outside them are included, the Protected Areas are still an important tool for the conservation of ferns and lycophytes. Policies for the creation of Protected Areas to protect the highest number of species and hence increase the importance of those territories for conservation must be based on evidence. C1 [Heringer, Gustavo] Univ Fed Lavras, Programa Posgrad Ecol Aplicada, Av Cent S-N, BR-37200000 Lavras, MG, Brazil. [Heringer, Gustavo] Univ Fed Vicosa, Dept Biol Vegetal, Lab Ecol & Evolucao Plantas, BR-36570900 Vicosa, MG, Brazil. [Almeida, Thais Elias] Univ Fed Oeste Pra, Herbario HSTM, Av Marechal Rondon S-N, BR-68040070 Santarem, Para, Brazil. [de Oliveira Dittrich, Vinicius Antonio] Univ Fed Juiz de Fora, Dept Bot, Av Jose Lourenco Kelmer S-N,Campus Univ, BR-36036900 Juiz De Fora, MG, Brazil. [Salino, Alexandre] Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Inst Ciencias Biol, Av Antonio Carlos 6627, BR-31270901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. RP Salino, A (reprint author), Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Inst Ciencias Biol, Av Antonio Carlos 6627, BR-31270901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. EM gustavoheringer@hotmail.com; blotiella@gmail.com; vinarc@gmail.com; salinobh@gmail.com RI Elias Almeida, Thais/H-5234-2018; Salino, Alexandre/I-3012-2015 OI Elias Almeida, Thais/0000-0002-1611-1333; Heringer, Gustavo/0000-0003-2531-4463; Salino, Alexandre/0000-0003-0104-7524 FU Fundacao Grupo Boticario de Protecao a Natureza; Conservation International; Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior - Brasil (Capes)CAPES; Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais - Brasil (Fapemig)Minas Gerais State Research Foundation (FAPEMIG); Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst (DAAD)Deutscher Akademischer Austausch Dienst (DAAD) [57393735]; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico Brasil (CNPq)National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) FX We acknowledge Fundacao Grupo Boticario de Protecao a Natureza for financial support for field trips, Conservation International for financial support for visiting herbaria, Instituto Chico Mendes da Conservacao da Biodiversidade (ICMBio) and Instituto Estadual de Florestas (IEF) for collection permission and research assistance during field work, and the many owners of RPPN's who allowed us to work on their properties. We are also grateful to Paulo F. Scheid for the advising in obtaining the data of Protected Areas, Dr. Pedro M. Villa for the significant discussions about this study and the two anonymous reviewers for their helpful contributions. GH thanks the Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior - Brasil (Capes), Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais - Brasil (Fapemig), and Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst (DAAD proposal no 57393735) for supporting his postdoctoral work. AS thanks the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico Brasil (CNPq) for grants. NR 54 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER GMBH PI MUNICH PA HACKERBRUCKE 6, 80335 MUNICH, GERMANY SN 1617-1381 EI 1618-1093 J9 J NAT CONSERV JI J. Nat. Conserv. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 53 AR UNSP 125775 DI 10.1016/j.jnc.2019.125775 PG 7 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KD1PF UT WOS:000507643800010 OA Bronze DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Howes, B Doughty, LS Thompson, S AF Howes, Benjamin Doughty, Laura S. Thompson, Stewart TI African elephant feeding preferences in a small South African fenced game reserve SO JOURNAL FOR NATURE CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE African elephant (Loxodonta africana); Feeding preferences; Tree architecture; Feeding impacts; Future management ID LOXODONTA-AFRICANA; NATIONAL-PARK; BROWSING RUMINANTS; WOODY VEGETATION; PLANTS; SELECTION; IMPACT; DAMAGE; TREES; BIODIVERSITY AB Recent significant changes to African elephant (Loxodonta africana) populations have placed their management at the centre of the global wildlife conservation management debate, with most of the discussion surrounding population declines. However, in small, invariably fenced reserves found over much of South Africa, their numbers have expanded due to elevated levels of protection from poaching, artificial water provision, high reproductive success and lack of dispersal opportunities. Under these conditions, concerns arise surrounding the negative impacts of elephant feeding behaviour and strategy, with calls from some quarters for intervention options to address this 'elephant problem'. Research in a small (380 km(2)) fenced reserve in the Limpopo province of South Africa was carried out in a variety of habitat and terrain types to assess type and level of elephant impact in relation to tree architecture. Impact was assessed to be predominantly non-lethal, with only a small proportion of surveyed trees assessed to have been lethally impacted upon. Tree species exhibiting certain architectural characteristics, notably trees with a wider canopy measurement than their overall height measurement, were particularly prone to negative feeding impacts, especially damage to primary and secondary branches. Trees with wide basal stem cir-cumferences were most prone to being killed by elephants, with the overall likelihood of a tree experiencing the most severe impact types increasing with basal stem circumference. In contrast, an increase in height was shown to decrease the likelihood of a tree experiencing severe impact types, indicating that tall trees are less likely to suffer mortality due to elephant impact. We suggest that managers of fenced elephant reserves conduct baseline monitoring of elephant impacts. These studies indicate that width at widest point, and to a lesser extent height at widest point are likely to be useful additions to baseline vegetation monitoring. This will identify the level and type of elephant induced impacts, specifically revealing those locations within fenced reserves with a significant component of target tree species/morphologies. Ultimately this will both initiate and direct preventative management measures, we suggest primarily in the form of exclusion fencing in order to prevent access by elephants. C1 [Howes, Benjamin; Doughty, Laura S.; Thompson, Stewart] Oxford Brookes Univ, Spatial Ecol & Landuse Unit, Biol & Med Sci, Gipsy Lane, Oxford OX3 0BP, England. RP Thompson, S (reprint author), Oxford Brookes Univ, Spatial Ecol & Landuse Unit, Biol & Med Sci, Gipsy Lane, Oxford OX3 0BP, England. EM sthompson@brookes.ac.uk NR 57 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER GMBH PI MUNICH PA HACKERBRUCKE 6, 80335 MUNICH, GERMANY SN 1617-1381 EI 1618-1093 J9 J NAT CONSERV JI J. Nat. Conserv. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 53 AR UNSP 125700 DI 10.1016/j.jnc.2019.03.001 PG 9 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KD1PF UT WOS:000507643800002 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Rey, AR Huettmann, F AF Rey, Andrea Raya Huettmann, Falk TI Telecoupling analysis of the Patagonian Shelf: A new approach to study global seabird-fisheries interactions to achieve sustainability SO JOURNAL FOR NATURE CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE Biodiversity conservation; Coupled human and nature systems; CHANS; Fisheries bycatch; Fisheries governance; Patagonia; Seabird conservation ID BLACK-BROWED ALBATROSSES; FALKLAND ISLAND WATERS; STORM-PETRELS; DIET; FRAMEWORK; FOOD; CONSERVATION; MANAGEMENT; DISCARDS; IMPACTS AB The Southwest Atlantic Ocean, particularly the extended Patagonian Shelf, constitutes a complex, globally-relevant ecosystem. It is a highly productive area, and it maintains a high diversity and abundance of seabird species. At the same time, the Patagonian Shelf experiences pressues, such as fisheries that have been identified as a main stressor for marine ecosystems worldwide, including being a principal cause of seabird population declines. Using the telecoupling framework - which incorporates natural and socioeconomic interactions over large distances - we present here a holistic look at the dynamics of threatened seabird- fisheries interactions for the Patagonian Shelf over space and time. Based on the best-available public data for seabird presence, we used machine learning and geographic information systems to model-predict the at-sea distribution of seabirds. Then, maps were overlaid with fisheries distributions to show spatial correlation and hotspots for co-occurrence between seabirds and fisheries. We found that even this remote corner of the Atlantic Ocean is globally connected to XXX nations and XXX other outside-stakeholders through fisheries. By identifying and characterizing the systems, flows, agents, causes and effects involved in this telecoupling process, we highlighted specific complexities, bottlenecks and sensitivities that must still be addressed to achieve both biodiversity conservation and management as well as fisheries sustainability not only in this study area, but worldwide. C1 [Rey, Andrea Raya] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, CADIC, Ctr Austral Invest Cient & Tecn, Ushuaia, Tierra Fuego, Argentina. [Rey, Andrea Raya] Univ Nacl Tierra del Fuego, Inst Ciencias Polares Ambiente & Recursos Nat, Ushuaia, Tierra Fuego, Argentina. [Rey, Andrea Raya] Wildlife Conservat Soc, Amenabar 1595,Off 19,C1426AKC CABA, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Huettmann, Falk] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, EWHALE Lab, Biol & Wildlife Dept, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK USA. RP Rey, AR (reprint author), Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, CADIC, Ctr Austral Invest Cient & Tecn, Ushuaia, Tierra Fuego, Argentina. EM arayarey@cadic-conicet.gob.ar FU CONICETConsejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET) FX This research was possible due to a CONICET international travel grant for young researchers, which allow ARR to perform this study within the EWHALE lab at the University of Alaska Fairbanks, UAF. NR 98 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER GMBH PI MUNICH PA HACKERBRUCKE 6, 80335 MUNICH, GERMANY SN 1617-1381 EI 1618-1093 J9 J NAT CONSERV JI J. Nat. Conserv. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 53 AR UNSP 125748 DI 10.1016/j.jnc.2019.125748 PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KD1PF UT WOS:000507643800004 OA Other Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Sohrabi, S Downey, PO Gherekhloo, J Hassanpour-bourkheili, S AF Sohrabi, Sima Downey, Paul O. Gherekhloo, Javid Hassanpour-bourkheili, Saeid TI Testing the Australian Post-Border Weed Risk Management (WRM) system for invasive plants in Iran SO JOURNAL FOR NATURE CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE Invasive plant species; Management strategies; Native plant species; Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC); Weed Risk Management (WRM) ID BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; ALIEN PLANTS; PREDICTING INVASIONS; ASSESSMENT PROTOCOL; NORTHERN; IMPACT; BIODIVERSITY; GERMINATION; MESQUITE; TOOL AB Given the global threat from invasive plant species, management systems are needed to determine the risk posed. Whilst pre-border weed risk assessment systems have been tested and applied broadly, risk assessment systems for species post-border (or weed risk management) are yet to be subjected to such levels of scrutiny. Here we adapted the Australian Weed Risk Management (AWRM) approach to the geographic, climatic and weed management context of Iran. Then we evaluated and tested the performance of the adapted WRM system using 38 candidate species, comprising both native and non-native invasive plant species present in Iran. Additionally we modified the post-border WRM approach by specifically focusing on the feasibility of containment, rather than control per se, given that eradication of native species is not appropriate; even when considered to be invasive. We also subsequently modified the management emphasis associated with each cell of the WRM matrix of weed risk and feasibility of containment levels, to account for the changes outlined above. We examined the effectiveness of the system using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for the 38 candidate species, which showed that our results were similar to those observed during testing and evaluations of the WRM systems developed in Australia. Examination of the outcomes revealed that the current management and research for five of the highest priority species did not match or align with the level of risk derived from the WRM assessment. Additionally at least seven invasive plants species currently not on the lists examined should be included on the Noxious Weed lists of Iran based on our assessment of the risk posed. The two highest priority species (Ambrosia psilostachya and Imperata cylindrica) are both alien species and should be priorities for containment. Despite successfully modifying the AWRM for Iran, additional studies are required to further examine and test the best cut-off values for each risk level in the WRM matrix using larger numbers of plant species. Our results show that the AWRM can be modified for use in other countries, which could see broader adoption of post-border WRM systems for managing established alien plant species. C1 [Sohrabi, Sima] Ferdowsi Univ Mashhad, Fac Agr, Mashhad, Razavi Khorasan, Iran. [Downey, Paul O.] Univ Canberra, Inst Appl Ecol, Bruce, ACT 2617, Australia. [Gherekhloo, Javid; Hassanpour-bourkheili, Saeid] Gorgan Univ Agr Sci & Nat Resources, Gorgan, Golestan, Iran. RP Sohrabi, S (reprint author), Ferdowsi Univ Mashhad, Fac Agr, Mashhad, Razavi Khorasan, Iran. EM simsoh@gmail.com FU Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources (GUASNR), Iran FX Thank you to Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources (GUASNR), Iran for supporting this research. Thanks also the anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments which improved the final version. NR 81 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER GMBH PI MUNICH PA HACKERBRUCKE 6, 80335 MUNICH, GERMANY SN 1617-1381 EI 1618-1093 J9 J NAT CONSERV JI J. Nat. Conserv. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 53 AR UNSP 125780 DI 10.1016/j.jnc.2019.125780 PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KD1PF UT WOS:000507643800015 OA Bronze DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Santos, JP Sobral-Souza, T Brown, KS Vancine, MH Ribeiro, MC Freitas, AVL AF Santos, Jessie P. Sobral-Souza, Thadeu Brown Jr, Keith S. Vancine, Mauricio Humberto Ribeiro, Milton C. Freitas, Andre V. L. TI Effects of landscape modification on species richness patterns of fruit-feeding butterflies in Brazilian Atlantic Forest SO DIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTIONS LA English DT Article DE Atlantic Forest; butterflies; conservation; diversity; macroecology; species richness ID BIODIVERSITY HOTSPOTS; DISTRIBUTION MODELS; CONSERVATION; DIVERSITY; DISTRIBUTIONS; ENDEMISM; HABITAT; AREAS; BIOGEOGRAPHY; COMMUNITIES AB Aim To assess the distributional patterns of fruit-feeding butterfly species richness in Atlantic Forest (AF) based on stack species distribution models (SSDM); to evaluate the relative contribution of climate and landscape in the patterns of butterfly species richness; and to recommend conservation guidelines for AF regions based on the obtained results. Location Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Methods We used SSDMs to generate potential distribution maps of butterfly species richness in AF. Our dataset comprises 7,062 records of 279 species, distributed across 122 local communities. We built richness maps based on climate and landscape models and analysed them separately to understand their contribution to the pattern of richness distribution. Then, we combined both models to build a consensus map. Finally, we designed specific conservation strategies based on richness categories distributed on the consensus map. Results The regions with high-predicted species richness for both climate and landscape models supported the main endemism locations described for other AF taxa in previous studies. Both models predicted intermediate values of species richness for most regions, but the patterns of richness distribution were not fully congruent. High species richness based on landscape metrics was frequently concentrated in the south. Furthermore, locations suitable for high species richness according to climate are near to the endemism centres, but also to dense urban centres, highlighting the potential impacts of the landscape modification on butterfly species richness. Main conclusions The distribution of fruit-feeding butterfly species richness and endemism reflect the classic division of AF in different sub-regions according to the endemism centres proposed by previous authors for other taxa. The availability of forested habitats seems to be a determining factor for the maintenance of high species richness in AF. Therefore, the loss of natural forest remnants due to landscape modification is the primary threat to butterfly diversity. C1 [Santos, Jessie P.; Brown Jr, Keith S.; Freitas, Andre V. L.] Univ Estadual Campinas, UNICAMP, Inst Biol, Dept Biol Anim, Campinas, SP, Brazil. [Sobral-Souza, Thadeu] Univ Fed Mato Grosso, Dept Bot & Ecol, Cuiaba, Brazil. [Vancine, Mauricio Humberto; Ribeiro, Milton C.] Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Biociencias, UNESP, Dept Ecol, Rio Claro, Brazil. RP Santos, JP; Freitas, AVL (reprint author), Univ Estadual Campinas, UNICAMP, Inst Biol, Dept Biol Anim, Campinas, SP, Brazil. EM jessiepereira@gmail.com; baku@unicamp.br RI Vancine, Mauricio/F-7305-2016 OI Vancine, Mauricio/0000-0001-9650-7575 NR 86 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1366-9516 EI 1472-4642 J9 DIVERS DISTRIB JI Divers. Distrib. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 26 IS 2 BP 196 EP 208 DI 10.1111/ddi.13007 PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KF8ET UT WOS:000509470800004 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Su, JH Ji, WH Li, H Yao, T Wang, JF Nan, ZB AF Su, Junhu Ji, Weihong Li, Huan Yao, Tuo Wang, Jianfeng Nan, Zhibiao TI Zokor disturbances indicated positive soil microbial responses with carbon cycle and mineral encrustation in alpine grassland SO ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Soil microbial communities; Zokor disturbances; Ecosystem engineer; Alpine grassland; Illumina sequencing ID FUNGAL COMMUNITY; TIBETAN PLATEAU; PLANT COMMUNITY; ORGANIC-MATTER; CLIMATE-CHANGE; SUCCESSION; DYNAMICS; BIODIVERSITY; DIVERSITY; SEQUENCES AB The alpine grassland is a fragile ecosystem sensitive to human disturbance; the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau alpine grassland is an example with large areas that are currently suffering from degradation. Although subterranean mammals (e.g., the plateau zokor, Eospalax baileyi) are thought to contribute to grassland soil and plant degradation, they are native species and play positive roles in the alpine ecosystem as ecosystem engineers. However, little is known about their effect on soil microbial communities. Using Illumina sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene and the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) regions, we compared soil prokaryotic and fungal community composition and diversity in areas disturbed by plateau zokors during the grassland recovery process. We found an increase in the number of observed operational taxonomic units (OTUs) of soil prokaryotic and fungal microbes, while the community structure of the microbes became significantly divergent. Soil properties, plant cover, and aboveground biomass explained the majority of the changes in microbial communities, suggesting that the changes in soil and plant characteristics mainly regulate the response of soil microbes to zokor disturbance in alpine grasslands. Zokor disturbances result in positive soil microbial responses in phyla with carbon cycle and mineral encrustation associations, suggesting a positive role for soil microbial community functions. Our findings provide novel evidence that zokors are important ecosystem engineers essential for alpine ecosystem functions. C1 [Su, Junhu; Yao, Tuo] Gansu Agr Univ, Minist Educ, Coll Grassland Sci, Key Lab Grassland Ecosyst, Lanzhou 730070, Peoples R China. [Su, Junhu; Ji, Weihong] Gansu Agr Univ, Massey Univ, Res Ctr Grassland Biodivers, Lanzhou 730070, Peoples R China. [Ji, Weihong] Massey Univ, Sch Nat & Computat Sci, North Shore Mail Ctr, Private Bag 102 904, Auckland 0632, New Zealand. [Li, Huan] Lanzhou Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Inst Occupat Hlth & Environm Hlth, Lanzhou 730020, Peoples R China. [Wang, Jianfeng; Nan, Zhibiao] Lanzhou Univ, Coll Pastoral Agr Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Grassland Agroecosyst, Lanzhou 730020, Peoples R China. RP Su, JH (reprint author), Gansu Agr Univ, Minist Educ, Coll Grassland Sci, Key Lab Grassland Ecosyst, Lanzhou 730070, Peoples R China. EM sujh@gsau.edu.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [31760706, 31460566]; Gansu Agricultural University [GSAU-XKJS-2018-003, Gaufx-02J03]; Gansu Provincial Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars [1606RJDA314]; Program for Longyuan Youth Innovation Talents of Gansu Province of China FX This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31760706 and 31460566), Innovation Funds (GSAU-XKJS-2018-003) and "Fuxi Talent" Plan (Gaufx-02J03) of Gansu Agricultural University, Gansu Provincial Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars (1606RJDA314) and the Program for Longyuan Youth Innovation Talents of Gansu Province of China. NR 72 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-8574 EI 1872-6992 J9 ECOL ENG JI Ecol. Eng. PD FEB 1 PY 2020 VL 144 AR 105702 DI 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2019.105702 PG 9 WC Ecology; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Engineering GA KF8AN UT WOS:000509459800004 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Zhao, GJ Shen, YX Liu, WY Li, ZJ Tan, BL Zhao, ZM Liu, J AF Zhao, Gaojuan Shen, Youxin Liu, Wenyao Li, Zhenjiang Tan, Beilin Zhao, Zhimeng Liu, Juan TI Effects of shading and herb/liana eradication on the assembly and growth of woody species during soil translocation in Southwest China SO ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Soil translocation; Shading treatment; Seedling reassembly; Eradication of weeds; Ecological restoration; Soil seed bank ID GAP REGENERATION PATTERNS; SEED-BANKS; BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION; SEASONAL-VARIATION; TREE SEEDLINGS; FOREST; GERMINATION; RESTORATION; LIGHT; VEGETATION AB Due to the intensification of human activities and global climate change, large areas of forest have been degraded and converted to other land uses. Soil translocation, which transfers the topsoil of donor forest to the receiving site to allow for the germination and reestablishment of soil seed bank and seedling, is a promising method for restoring vegetation that is similar to the donor forest. However, the lower similarly between the germinated community and donor forest has diminished its application against the ecological restoration and biodiversity compensation. We hypothesized that the exposure of donor forest soil to strong sunlight and early herb/liana competition may block germination and establishment of woody species (trees and shrubs) following soil translocation. To test this, here we investigated the effect of shading and weeding treatment on woody species assembly and seedlings growth at a karst rocky desertification area in southwest China. The results showed that soil translocation in blank control significantly increased the richness and similarly of woody species compared with receiving site. Moreover, soil translocation with shade treatment not only increased the richness and density of species during the germination period, but it also improved the survival and growth of most species-especially Osteomeles anthyllidifolia, Fraxinus malacophylla, Quercus baronii, and Rhamnus parvifolia-when compared with soil translocation in blank control after 18 months. Additionally, although soil translocation with blank control and weeding, and soil translocation with shade and weeding increased neither the number of woody species nor the density of shrubs species, they improved the density and similarly of tree species as well as the similarly of shrub species. We concluded that soil translocation with shade and weeding is likely more effective and helpful to restore the vegetation that is more similar to the donor forest in semi-humid regions of southwest China and comparable regions worldwide. But in practice, only soil translocation with moderate shade is deemed the optimal restoration method because it maintain the "recovery effect" while decrease the labor cost. Nevertheless, we should further assess the longer-term development and stabilization of established vegetation. C1 [Zhao, Gaojuan; Shen, Youxin; Liu, Wenyao; Li, Zhenjiang; Tan, Beilin; Zhao, Zhimeng; Liu, Juan] Chinese Acad Sci, Xishuangbanna Trop Bot Garden, Key Lab Trop Forest Ecol, Menglun 666303, Yunnan, Peoples R China. [Zhao, Gaojuan; Shen, Youxin; Liu, Wenyao; Li, Zhenjiang; Tan, Beilin; Zhao, Zhimeng; Liu, Juan] Chinese Acad Sci, Ctr Plant Ecol, Core Bot Gardens, Mengla 666303, Yunnan, Peoples R China. [Zhao, Gaojuan; Li, Zhenjiang; Tan, Beilin; Zhao, Zhimeng; Liu, Juan] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China. RP Shen, YX; Liu, WY (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Xishuangbanna Trop Bot Garden, Key Lab Trop Forest Ecol, Menglun 666303, Yunnan, Peoples R China. EM yxshen@xtbg.ac.cn; liuwy@xtbg.ac.cn FU National Key Research and Development Program of China [2016YFC0502504]; CAS 135 Program [2017XTBG-F01]; National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [41671031] FX This study was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFC0502504), the CAS 135 Program (No.2017XTBG-F01), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41671031). We are also very grateful to Jianshui Research Station, School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University. NR 74 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-8574 EI 1872-6992 J9 ECOL ENG JI Ecol. Eng. PD FEB 1 PY 2020 VL 144 AR 105704 DI 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2019.105704 PG 9 WC Ecology; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Engineering GA KF8AN UT WOS:000509459800005 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Vinay, K Kumar, S Bishnoi, A Aggarwal, D Radotra, BD Parsad, D Kumaran, MS AF Vinay, Keshavamurthy Kumar, Sheetanshu Bishnoi, Anuradha Aggarwal, Divya Radotra, Bishan Dass Parsad, Davinder Kumaran, Muthu Sendhil TI A clinico-demographic study of 344 patients with lichen planus pigmentosus seen in a tertiary care center in India over an 8-year period SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FRONTAL FIBROSING ALOPECIA; ASHY DERMATOSIS; OPEN-LABEL; INVERSUS AB Background Lichen planus pigmentosus (LPP) is an acquired disorder of hyperpigmentation affecting certain racial and ethnic groups. Objective To retrospectively analyze the demographic and clinical characteristics of LPP. Methods Clinical and demographic records of all LPP patients attending our pigmentary clinic from January 2011 to June 2018 were reviewed. Results Data of 344 LPP patients (229 females) were analyzed. Affected females had significantly higher age at onset (P < 0.002) but lesser disease duration at presentation (P < 0.001) as compared to males. Significant positive correlation between body surface area involvement and disease duration was observed (r = 0.72). Personal history of atopy and accompanying autoimmune diseases were observed in 49 (14.24%) and 45 (13.08%) patients, respectively. Observed morphological patterns of LPP included diffuse (n = 193, 56.1%); reticular (n = 45, 13.1%); blotchy (n = 41, 11.9%); and follicular (n = 28, 8.1%). All the patients had a chronic and indolent course of disease with approximately half (49.2%) reporting satisfactory improvement with treatment. Conclusion This is the largest clinico-demographic study till date on LPP. A longer disease duration was associated with more widespread disease. Although the disease improved over time as per patient and physician global assessment, a complete clearance was rarely attained. C1 [Vinay, Keshavamurthy; Kumar, Sheetanshu; Bishnoi, Anuradha; Parsad, Davinder; Kumaran, Muthu Sendhil] Postgrad Inst Med Educ & Res, Dept Dermatol Venereol & Leprol, Sect 12, Chandigarh 160012, India. [Aggarwal, Divya; Radotra, Bishan Dass] Postgrad Inst Med Educ & Res, Dept Histopathol, Chandigarh, India. RP Kumaran, MS (reprint author), Postgrad Inst Med Educ & Res, Dept Dermatol Venereol & Leprol, Sect 12, Chandigarh 160012, India. EM drsen_2000@yahoo.com OI Kumar, Sheetanshu/0000-0002-6543-4649; Vinay, Keshavamurthy/0000-0001-6323-4988 NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0011-9059 EI 1365-4632 J9 INT J DERMATOL JI Int. J. Dermatol. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 59 IS 2 BP 245 EP 252 DI 10.1111/ijd.14540 PG 8 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA KF1IV UT WOS:000509005000017 PM 31231800 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Kling, JD Lee, MD Fu, FX Phan, MD Wang, XW Qu, PP Hutchins, DA AF Kling, Joshua D. Lee, Michael D. Fu, Feixue Phan, Megan D. Wang, Xinwei Qu, Pingping Hutchins, David A. TI Transient exposure to novel high temperatures reshapes coastal phytoplankton communities SO ISME JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SAN-PEDRO CHANNEL; REFERENCE DATABASE; MARINE; VARIABILITY; RESPONSES; IRON; CO2; CONSEQUENCES; BIODIVERSITY; SENSITIVITY AB Average sea surface temperatures are expected to rise 4 degrees this century, and marine phytoplankton and bacterial community composition, biogeochemical rates, and trophic interactions are all expected to change in a future warmer ocean. Thermal experiments typically use constant temperatures; however, weather and hydrography cause marine temperatures to fluctuate on diel cycles and over multiple days. We incubated natural communities of phytoplankton collected from California coastal waters during spring, summer, and fall under present-day and future mean temperatures, using thermal treatments that were either constant or fluctuated on a 48 h cycle. As assayed by marker-gene sequencing, the emergent microbial communities were consistent within each season, except when culture temperatures exceeded the highest temperature recorded in a 10-year local thermal dataset. When temperature treatments exceeded the 10-year maximum the phytoplankton community shifted, becoming dominated by diatom amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) not seen at lower temperatures. When mean temperatures were above the 10-year maximum, constant and fluctuating regimes each selected for different ASVs. These findings suggest coastal microbial communities are largely adapted to the current range of temperatures they experience. They also suggest a general hypothesis whereby multiyear upper temperature limits may represent thresholds, beyond which large community restructurings may occur. Now inevitable future temperature increases that exceed these environmental thresholds, even temporarily, may fundamentally reshape marine microbial communities and therefore the biogeochemical cycles that they mediate. C1 [Kling, Joshua D.; Fu, Feixue; Phan, Megan D.; Wang, Xinwei; Qu, Pingping; Hutchins, David A.] Univ Southern Calif, Dept Biol Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90007 USA. [Lee, Michael D.] NASA, Exobiol Branch, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Blvd, Mountain View, CA 94035 USA. [Wang, Xinwei] Xiamen Univ, Sch Life Sci, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R China. RP Hutchins, DA (reprint author), Univ Southern Calif, Dept Biol Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90007 USA. EM dahutch@usc.edu OI Hutchins, David/0000-0002-6637-756X FU National Science FoundationNational Science Foundation (NSF) [OCE 1538525, OCE 1638804] FX Thanks to Troy Gunderson, Elaina Graham, Babak Hassanzadeh and the USC Wrigley Institute for Environmental Studies for help with logistics and analyses. Funding was provided by National Science Foundation awards OCE 1538525 and OCE 1638804 to FF and DAH. NR 75 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 12 U2 12 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1751-7362 EI 1751-7370 J9 ISME J JI ISME J. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 14 IS 2 BP 413 EP 424 DI 10.1038/s41396-019-0525-6 PG 12 WC Ecology; Microbiology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Microbiology GA KF4EI UT WOS:000509197100008 PM 31636366 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Mann, AE Mazel, F Lemay, MA Morien, E Billy, V Kowalewski, M Di Fiore, A Link, A Goldberg, TL Tecot, S Baden, AL Gomez, A Sauther, ML Cuozzo, FP Rice, GAO Dominy, NJ Stumpf, R Lewis, RJ Swedell, L Amato, K Parfrey, LW AF Mann, Allison E. Mazel, Florent Lemay, Matthew A. Morien, Evan Billy, Vincent Kowalewski, Martin Di Fiore, Anthony Link, Andres Goldberg, Tony L. Tecot, Stacey Baden, Andrea L. Gomez, Andres Sauther, Michelle L. Cuozzo, Frank P. Rice, Gillian A. O. Dominy, Nathaniel J. Stumpf, Rebecca Lewis, Rebecca J. Swedell, Larissa Amato, Katherine Parfrey, Laura Wegener TI Biodiversity of protists and nematodes in the wild nonhuman primate gut SO ISME JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID FEEDING ECOLOGY; MICROBIOTA; DIVERSITY; PHYLOGENY; DIET; CONVERGENCE; INFECTION; EVOLUTION; PARASITES; TAXONOMY AB Documenting the natural diversity of eukaryotic organisms in the nonhuman primate (NHP) gut is important for understanding the evolution of the mammalian gut microbiome, its role in digestion, health and disease, and the consequences of anthropogenic change on primate biology and conservation. Despite the ecological significance of gut-associated eukaryotes, little is known about the factors that influence their assembly and diversity in mammals. In this study, we used an 18S rRNA gene fragment metabarcoding approach to assess the eukaryotic assemblage of 62 individuals representing 16 NHP species. We find that cercopithecoids, and especially the cercopithecines, have substantially higher alpha diversity than other NHP groups. Gut-associated protists and nematodes are widespread among NHPs, consistent with their ancient association with NHP hosts. However, we do not find a consistent signal of phylosymbiosis or host-species specificity. Rather, gut eukaryotes are only weakly structured by primate phylogeny with minimal signal from diet, in contrast to previous reports of NHP gut bacteria. The results of this study indicate that gut-associated eukaryotes offer different information than gut-associated bacteria and add to our understanding of the structure of the gut microbiome. C1 [Mann, Allison E.; Mazel, Florent; Lemay, Matthew A.; Morien, Evan; Billy, Vincent; Parfrey, Laura Wegener] Univ British Columbia, Dept Bot & Biodivers, Res Ctr, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Mann, Allison E.] Univ North Texas, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Genet, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd, Ft Worth, TX 76107 USA. [Kowalewski, Martin] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, Estn Biol Corrientes MACN BR, Corrientes, Argentina. [Di Fiore, Anthony; Lewis, Rebecca J.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Anthropol, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Link, Andres] Univ Los Andes, Dept Biol Sci, Bogota, Colombia. [Goldberg, Tony L.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Pathobiol Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Tecot, Stacey] Univ Arizona, Sch Anthropol, Tucson, AZ USA. [Baden, Andrea L.] CUNY, Dept Anthropol, Hunter Coll, New York, NY 10021 USA. [Gomez, Andres] Univ Minnesota, Dept Anim Sci, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Sauther, Michelle L.] Univ Colorado, Dept Anthropol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Cuozzo, Frank P.] Louis Trichardt Makhado, Lajuma Res Ctr, Lajuma, South Africa. [Rice, Gillian A. O.; Dominy, Nathaniel J.] Dartmouth Coll, Dept Anthropol, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Stumpf, Rebecca] Univ Illinois, Dept Anthropol, Urbana, IL USA. [Swedell, Larissa] CUNY, Dept Anthropol, Queens Coll, New York, NY 10021 USA. [Swedell, Larissa] Univ Cape Town, Dept Archaeol, Cape Town, South Africa. [Amato, Katherine] Northwestern Univ, Dept Anthropol, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Parfrey, Laura Wegener] Univ British Columbia, Dept Zool, Vancouver, BC, Canada. RP Mann, AE; Parfrey, LW (reprint author), Univ British Columbia, Dept Bot & Biodivers, Res Ctr, Vancouver, BC, Canada.; Mann, AE (reprint author), Univ North Texas, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Genet, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd, Ft Worth, TX 76107 USA.; Parfrey, LW (reprint author), Univ British Columbia, Dept Zool, Vancouver, BC, Canada. EM allison.e.mann@gmail.com; LWParfrey@botany.ubc.ca OI Mann, Allison/0000-0001-7170-6017; TECOT, STACEY/0000-0002-6640-5049; Kowalewski, Martin/0000-0002-6737-3771; Di Fiore, Anthony/0000-0001-8893-9052 FU US NSFNational Science Foundation (NSF) [BCS-0922465]; NSFNational Science Foundation (NSF) [BCS-0935349]; NIHUnited States Department of Health & Human ServicesNational Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA [TW009237]; UK Economic Social Research CouncilEconomic & Social Research Council (ESRC) [ES/J011266/1]; Primate Conservation Inc.; University of Texas at Austin; American Association of Physical Anthropologists; Hunter College of City University of New York; Rowe-Wright Primate Fund; Leaky Foundation; University of Arizona; University of Colorado-Boulder; International Primatological Society; Margot Marsh Biodiversity Foundation; St. Louis Zoological Park [FRC 06-1]; Banting Postdoctoral Fellowship; Human Frontier in Science ProgramHuman Frontier Science Program [RGY0078/2015] FX The authors would like to thank Klara Petrzelkova (Czech Academy of Sciences), the Ethiopian Wildlife Conservation Authority, Steven R. Leigh, Fidy Rasambainarivo, and Alexandre (Madagascar National Parks), Professor Lydia Rabetafika (University of Antananarivo), and MICET for facilitating this research and access to samples. Collection of data presented herein were supported by funds awarded by US NSF BCS-0922465, NSF BCS-0935349, and NIH grant TW009237 as part of the joint NIH-NSF Ecology of Infectious Disease program and the UK Economic Social Research Council (ES/J011266/1), Primate Conservation Inc., the University of Texas at Austin, the American Association of Physical Anthropologists, Hunter College of City University of New York, Rowe-Wright Primate Fund, the Leaky Foundation, the University of Arizona, the University of Colorado-Boulder, International Primatological Society, the Margot Marsh Biodiversity Foundation, and St. Louis Zoological Park FRC 06-1. A Banting Postdoctoral Fellowship supported FM in this work. The Malagasy government and CAFF/CORE authorized RL's research in country. The authors would also like to acknowledge Madagascar National Parks, who gave permission for a portion of the research (Permit 056/13/MEF/SG/DGF/DCB.SAP/SCB), and the University of Arizona IACUC approved protocol 13-470. A Human Frontier in Science Program grant to LWP (RGY0078/2015) supported generation of sequence data, analysis, and interpretation. NR 97 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1751-7362 EI 1751-7370 J9 ISME J JI ISME J. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 14 IS 2 BP 609 EP 622 DI 10.1038/s41396-019-0551-4 PG 14 WC Ecology; Microbiology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Microbiology GA KF4EI UT WOS:000509197100023 PM 31719654 OA Other Gold, Green Published DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Tol, WA Leku, MR Lakin, DP Carswell, K Augustinavicius, J Adaku, A Au, TM Brown, FL Bryant, RA Garcia-Moreno, C Musci, RJ Ventevogel, P White, RG van Ommeren, M AF Tol, Wietse A. Leku, Marx R. Lakin, Daniel P. Carswell, Kenneth Augustinavicius, Jura Adaku, Alex Au, Teresa M. Brown, Felicity L. Bryant, Richard A. Garcia-Moreno, Claudia Musci, Rashelle J. Ventevogel, Peter White, Ross G. van Ommeren, Mark TI Guided self-help to reduce psychological distress in South Sudanese female refugees in Uganda: a cluster randomised trial SO LANCET GLOBAL HEALTH LA English DT Article ID MENTAL-HEALTH; BEHAVIORAL INTERVENTION; COMMITMENT THERAPY; ACCEPTANCE; PSYCHOTHERAPY; DEPRESSION; DISORDERS; SURVIVORS; CONFLICT; SYMPTOMS AB Background Innovative solutions are required to provide mental health support at scale in low-resource humanitarian contexts. We aimed to assess the effectiveness of a facilitator-guided, group-based, self-help intervention (Self-Help Plus) to reduce psychological distress in female refugees. Methods We did a cluster randomised trial in rural refugee settlements in northern Uganda. Participants were female South Sudanese refugees with at least moderate levels of psychological distress (cutoff >= 5 on the Kessler 6). The intervention comprised access to usual care and five 2-h audio-recorded stress-management workshops (20-30 refugees) led by briefly trained lay facilitators, accompanied by an illustrated self-help book. Villages were randomly assigned to either intervention (Self-Help Plus or enhanced usual care) on a 1:1 basis. Within 14 villages, randomly selected households were approached. Screening of women in households continued until 20-30 eligible participants were identified per site. The primary outcome was individual psychological distress, assessed using the Kessler 6 symptom checklist 1 week before, 1 week after, and 3 months after intervention, in the intention-to-treat population. All outcomes were measured at the individual (rather than cluster) level. Secondary outcomes included personally identified problems, post-traumatic stress, depression symptoms, feelings of anger, social interactions with other ethnic groups, functional impairment, and subjective wellbeing. Assessors were masked to allocation. This trial was prospectively registered at ISRCTN, number 50148022. Findings Of 694 eligible participants (331 Self-Help Plus, 363 enhanced usual care), 613 (88%) completed all assessments. Compared with controls, we found stronger improvements for Self-Help Plus on psychological distress 3 months post intervention (beta -1.20, 95% CI -2.33 to -0.08; p=0 - 04; d -0.26). We also found larger improvements for Self-Help Plus 3 months post-intervention for five of eight secondary outcomes (effect size range -0.30 to -0.36). Refugees with different trauma exposure, length of time in settlements, and initial psychological distress benefited similarly. With regard to safety considerations, the independent data safety management board responded to six adverse events, and none were evaluated to be concerns in response to the intervention. Interpretation Self-Help Plus is an innovative, facilitator-guided, group-based self-help intervention that can be rapidly deployed to large numbers of participants, and resulted in meaningful reductions in psychological distress at 3 months among South Sudanese female refugees. Copyright (C) 2020 C1 [Tol, Wietse A.; Lakin, Daniel P.; Augustinavicius, Jura; Musci, Rashelle J.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Mental Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Tol, Wietse A.] HealthRight Int, Peter C Alderman Program Global Mental Hlth, New York, NY USA. [Carswell, Kenneth; Au, Teresa M.; van Ommeren, Mark] WHO, Dept Mental Hlth & Subst Abuse, Geneva, Switzerland. [Garcia-Moreno, Claudia] WHO, Dept Reprod Hlth & Res, Geneva, Switzerland. [Adaku, Alex] Arua Reg Referral Hosp, Dept Psychiat, Arua, Uganda. [Brown, Felicity L.] WarChild Holland, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Bryant, Richard A.] Univ New South Wales, Sch Psychol, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [Ventevogel, Peter] UN High Commissioner Refugees, Publ Hlth Sect, Geneva, Switzerland. [White, Ross G.] Univ Liverpool, Inst Populat Hlth, Liverpool, Merseyside, England. RP Tol, WA (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Mental Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM wtol@jhu.edu FU Research for Health in Humanitarian Crises (R2HC) Programme FX This project is funded by the Research for Health in Humanitarian Crises (R2HC) Programme, managed by ELRHA. The authors alone are responsible for the views expressed in this Article and they do not necessarily represent the views, decisions, or policies of the institutions with which they are affiliated. NR 42 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 2214-109X J9 LANCET GLOB HEALTH JI Lancet Glob. Health PD FEB PY 2020 VL 8 IS 2 BP E254 EP E263 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA KE6DZ UT WOS:000508645900026 PM 31981556 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Huang, JH Hipp, JA Marquet, O Alberico, C Fry, D Mazak, E Lovasi, GS Robinson, WR Floyd, MF AF Huang, Jing-Huei Hipp, J. Aaron Marquet, Oriol Alberico, Claudia Fry, Dustin Mazak, Elizabeth Lovasi, Gina S. Robinson, Whitney R. Floyd, Myron F. TI Neighborhood characteristics associated with park use and park-based physical activity among children in low-income diverse neighborhoods in New York City SO PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Urban green space; Recreation; Exercise; Built environment; Health disparities; Social equity ID ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE; PUBLIC PARKS; URBAN FORM; LAND-USE; SAFETY; YOUTH; PERCEPTIONS; OBESITY; WALKABILITY; PREVENTION AB Urban parks provide spaces and facilities for children's physical activity (PA) and can be a free resource in low-income communities. This study examined whether neighborhood characteristics were associated with children's park use and park-based moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) in low-income diverse communities and how associations differed between ethnic groups. Data on park visits and MVPA came from 16,402 children 5-10-years old directly observed using the System for Observing Play and Recreation in Communities in 20 parks in low-income neighborhoods with majority Latino or Asian populations in New York City. Neighborhood characteristics included land use mix (LUM), street audits, crime rates, and an area deprivation index. We employed Poisson and negative binomial models to estimate effects of neighborhood-level variables on the number of children observed in parks and engaging in MVPA, overall and by ethnicity. Results for Asian, Latino, and African American children indicated that higher levels of LUM and pedestrian-friendly streets were associated with greater numbers of children in parks and higher MVPA across all three groups. For Asian and Latino children only, quality of environment was positively associated with MVPA, whereas level of deprivation and crime rates in the surrounding neighborhood were negatively associated with children's park-based MVPA. In contrast, a park's access to public transportation was negatively associated with number of all children observed and engaging in MVPA. Study findings suggest that park-based MVPA interventions can be informed by understanding how neighborhood characteristics facilitate and constrain park use and park-based MVPA. C1 [Huang, Jing-Huei; Hipp, J. Aaron; Marquet, Oriol; Alberico, Claudia; Mazak, Elizabeth; Floyd, Myron F.] NC State Univ, Dept Pk Recreat & Tourism Management, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Huang, Jing-Huei; Hipp, J. Aaron; Marquet, Oriol; Alberico, Claudia; Mazak, Elizabeth] NC State Univ, Ctr Geospatial Analyt, Raleigh, NC USA. [Marquet, Oriol] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Dept Geog, Barcelona, Spain. [Fry, Dustin] Drexel Univ, Dornsife Sch Publ Hlth, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Lovasi, Gina S.] Drexel Univ, Dornsife Sch Publ Hlth, Urban Hlth Collaborat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Robinson, Whitney R.] Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA. RP Hipp, JA (reprint author), NC State Univ, Dept Pk Recreat & Tourism Management, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM jahipp@ncsu.edu OI Marquet, Oriol/0000-0002-7346-5664; Robinson, Whitney/0000-0003-4009-0488 FU Robert Wood Johnson FoundationRobert Wood Johnson Foundation (RWJF) FX Support for this research was provided by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. The views expressed here do not necessarily reflect the view of the Foundation.; This paper was a result from ongoing collaborations with the Physical Activity Research Center (PARC) multi-university research team. PARC aims to build the evidence base for policy changes and practices that will help make physical activity part of everyday life for all children, with a special focus on children who typically have fewer opportunities to be active (http://paresearchcenter.org). NR 98 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0091-7435 EI 1096-0260 J9 PREV MED JI Prev. Med. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 131 AR 105948 DI 10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.105948 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA KE1YR UT WOS:000508356300008 PM 31836479 OA Other Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Shen, J Kogan, I AF Shen, Jing Kogan, Irena TI Immigrants' relative income and life satisfaction: Comparison groups from a multi-generational perspective SO ACTA SOCIOLOGICA LA English DT Article DE Co-ethnic; comparison group; generations; immigrant; life satisfaction; mainstream; relative income; source and host country ID HAPPINESS; ASSIMILATION; INEQUALITY; EUROPE; MIGRATION; MIGRANTS; 2ND-GENERATION; DETERMINANTS; EDUCATION; RETURN AB With a focus on the immigrant population, this study examines how the association between a relative income position and life satisfaction varies when the comparison group changes. Drawing data from Understanding Society in the UK between 2009 and 2015, this study first shows that after migration, income comparisons with the mainstream and co-ethnic groups in the host country matter more than that with the source-country population for one's life satisfaction. Furthermore, the relevance of comparison groups to life satisfaction varies across immigrant generations. Income comparison with the source-country population is more relevant to life satisfaction of the 1st generation, whereas 1.5 and 2nd generations consider income comparisons within the host country more relevant. In particular, favourable income comparison with the mainstream group in the host country is the most relevant to life satisfaction of the 2nd-generation, followed by the 1.5-generation, and last by the 1st-generation immigrants. C1 [Shen, Jing; Kogan, Irena] Univ Mannheim, Mannheim Ctr European Social Res MZES, Mannheim, Germany. RP Shen, J (reprint author), Univ Mannheim, Mannheim Ctr European Social Res, A5,6 Bldg A, D-68159 Mannheim, Germany. EM jing.shen@mzes.uni-mannheim.de NR 55 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0001-6993 EI 1502-3869 J9 ACTA SOCIOL JI Acta Sociol. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 63 IS 1 BP 82 EP 102 DI 10.1177/0001699319859397 PG 21 WC Sociology SC Sociology GA KF0YM UT WOS:000508978100005 OA Other Gold, Green Published DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Sadler, M Devos, T AF Sadler, Melody Devos, Thierry TI Ethnic diversity matters: Putting implicit associations between weapons and ethnicity in context SO GROUP PROCESSES & INTERGROUP RELATIONS LA English DT Article DE automatic; diversity; implicit; stereotypes; weapon ID VARIABILITY REDUCES PREJUDICE; SOCIAL IDENTITY COMPLEXITY; POLICE OFFICERS DILEMMA; RACIAL BIAS; INTERGROUP CONTACT; RESIDENTIAL SEGREGATION; NEIGHBORHOOD DIVERSITY; RACE-RELATIONS; DECISION; THREAT AB Weapons are implicitly associated with Black Americans. We examined the extent to which this implicit stereotype fluctuates as a function of the ethnic diversity of contexts. Across 351 U.S. metropolitan areas, we tested whether three distinct indicators of ethnic diversity predicted implicit associations between the concept of "weapons" (vs. "harmless objects") and Black Americans vs. White Americans. As predicted, implicit Black-weapon stereotypes were weaker in areas characterized by the presence of multiple ethnic groups (variety) and greater dispersion of ethnic groups at the neighborhood level (integration). Additionally, the negative association between integration and implicit stereotypes was strongest when minority representation was low compared to high. Considering multiple dimensions of ethnic diversity proved useful to document reliable relations between implicit associations and characteristics of local contexts. C1 [Sadler, Melody; Devos, Thierry] Univ San Diego, San Diego, CA 92110 USA. RP Sadler, M (reprint author), San Diego State Univ, Dept Psychol, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. EM msadler@sdsu.edu NR 64 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 2 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 1368-4302 EI 1461-7188 J9 GROUP PROCESS INTERG JI Group Process Intergroup Relat. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 23 IS 2 BP 285 EP 300 DI 10.1177/1368430218796933 PG 16 WC Psychology, Social SC Psychology GA KE3OG UT WOS:000508468000008 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Mas?, J Serral, I Domingo-Marimon, C Zabala, A AF Maso, Joan Serral, Ivette Domingo-Marimon, Cristina Zabala, Alaitz TI Earth observations for sustainable development goals monitoring based on essential variables and driver-pressure-state-impact-response indicators SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DIGITAL EARTH LA English DT Article DE Gap analysis; policy monitoring; essential variables; earth observation ID BIODIVERSITY INDICATORS; SERVICE AB In recent years, researchers of different communities have increased their efforts in formalizing a set of measurements regularly collected for analysing changes in Drivers, States, Impacts and Responses of a given discipline. In some cases, different actors have converged in a minimum set of Essential Variables (EVs), such as for Climate, Biodiversity or Oceans. The definition of such EVs is an ongoing evolution and in extension (e.g. EVs for water) although some communities have not even started (e.g. agriculture and energy). This paper characterizes the Earth Observation (EO) networks and creates a graph representation of their relations. Secondly, this graph is enriched with the EVs produced by each network creating a knowledge base. Finally, an effort has been done to identify links between EVs and Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) indicators in a way that they indirectly connect the EO. An analysis to detect gaps in EO variables due to a lack of observational networks is performed. Several suggestions for improving SDG indicators framework by considering EVs are exposed, as well as proposing new necessary EVs and suggesting new EO based indicators. The complete graph is available in the ENEON website (). C1 [Maso, Joan; Serral, Ivette; Domingo-Marimon, Cristina] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, CREAF, CREAF Grumets Res Grp, Edif C, Bellaterra 08193, Catalonia, Spain. [Domingo-Marimon, Cristina; Zabala, Alaitz] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Grumets Res Grp, Dept Geog, Edif B, Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain. RP Mas?, J (reprint author), Univ Autonoma Barcelona, CREAF, CREAF Grumets Res Grp, Edif C, Bellaterra 08193, Catalonia, Spain. EM joan.maso@uab.cat RI Zabala Torres, Alaitz/G-3440-2014 OI Zabala Torres, Alaitz/0000-0002-3931-4221 NR 37 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1753-8947 EI 1753-8955 J9 INT J DIGIT EARTH JI Int. J. Digit. Earth PD FEB 1 PY 2020 VL 13 IS 2 SI SI BP 217 EP 235 DI 10.1080/17538947.2019.1576787 PG 19 WC Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing SC Physical Geography; Remote Sensing GA KE9PE UT WOS:000508881600003 OA Green Published, Bronze DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Gallego-Tevar, B Grewell, BJ Figueroa, E Castillo, JM AF Gallego-Tevar, Blanca Grewell, Brenda J. Figueroa, Enrique Castillo, Jesus M. TI The role of exotic and native hybrids during ecological succession in salt marshes SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MARINE BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Biodiversity; Cordgrass; Coastal vegetation; Invasion ecology; Spartina; Sarcocornia; Sea level rise; Vegetation change ID SPARTINA-DENSIFLORA; PLANT INVASIONS; S-MARITIMA; FACILITATION; COMPETITION; SALINITY; HYBRIDIZATION; INVASIVENESS; RESTORATION; COMMUNITIES AB Knowledge of factors that influence species colonization and abundance during ecological succession is key for conservation and restoration efforts. The tolerance of species to environmental stresses and interspecific interactions influence stages of ecological succession. Species with high tolerance to stress or high competitive ability, such as invasive species or transgressive hybrids, may acquire a relevant role in the succession, inhibiting its development. We studied the role of native Sarcocornia and exotic Spartina hybrids on vegetation succession in salt marshes. In a time span of ca. 12 years, halophyte community structure and key sedimentary characteristics were recorded in marshes that differ in geomorphology, physiography, and successional status. We evaluated vegetation change in a young marsh undergoing rapid primary succession, and in a mature marsh undergoing slow changes in composition within established vegetation. Native hybrids increased their abundance in both types of marshes over time. Their presence and persistence was concurrent with colonization by other native halophytes. While they did not dominate the community and impede native succession, it is interesting to note their colonization coincided with a decrease in cover of invasive Spartina densiflora. In contrast, exotic hybrids formed from S. densiflora changed successional trajectories through competitive displacement of native halophytes in the mature marsh. However, these hybrids were not yet present in the young marsh where S. densiflora had just started to invade. This study reveals contrasting roles of invasive and native hybrids during ecological succession, providing valuable new knowledge for the management and conservation of salt marshes. C1 [Gallego-Tevar, Blanca; Figueroa, Enrique; Castillo, Jesus M.] Univ Seville, Dept Biol Vegetal & Ecol, Ap 1095, E-41080 Seville, Spain. [Grewell, Brenda J.] Univ Calif Davis, USDA ARS, Invas Species & Pollinator Hlth Res Unit, Dept Plant Sci, MS-4, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Gallego-Tevar, B (reprint author), Univ Seville, Dept Biol Vegetal & Ecol, Ap 1095, E-41080 Seville, Spain. EM bgallego@us.es NR 69 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0981 EI 1879-1697 J9 J EXP MAR BIOL ECOL JI J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 523 AR 151282 DI 10.1016/j.jembe.2019.151282 PG 9 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA KE7SK UT WOS:000508751200010 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Lange, G Bininda-Emonds, ORP Hillebrand, H Meier, D Moorthi, SD Schmitt, JA Zielinski, O Kroncke, I AF Lange, Gesine Bininda-Emonds, Olaf R. P. Hillebrand, Helmut Meier, Daniela Moorthi, Stefanie D. Schmitt, Jennifer A. Zielinski, Oliver Kroencke, Ingrid TI Elevation gradient affects the development of macrozoobenthic communities in the Wadden Sea: A field experiment with artificial islands SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MARINE BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Tidal flats; Biodiyersity; Ecosystem functioning; Feeding types; Salt marsh ID TIDAL-FLAT AREA; SALT-MARSH; BIODIVERSITY; RECOLONIZATION; BEHAVIOR; ECOLOGY; DISTURBANCE; MACROFAUNA; PREDATION; INVERTEBRATES AB Tidal flats are subject to dynamic processes, characterized by sedimentation and erosion, which become more important in times of climate change. To investigate impacts of elevation levels on ecosystem functioning, we focused on macrozoobenthos as an essential ecosystem component that links trophic levels and determines sediment structure. Therefore, three elevation levels of six experimental islands (each 2 x 6 m) and six natural reference sites (nearby tidal flats) were sampled for species richness, abundance and biomass in the back-barrier system of the island of Spiekeroog (German Wadden Sea, southern North Sea) from 2014 to 2016. Reference sites had constant biodiversity and abundance over time that were higher compared to the three elevations of the experimental islands. At the lowest elevation, the community became more diverse over time, including marine and terrestrial taxa. At the middle elevation, community shifted from a marine species inventory over an opportunist-dominated assemblage to a less diverse community dominated by Enchytraeidae (Oligochaeta). The community of the highest elevation mostly remained constant, resembling the second, opportunistic community from the middle elevation that was dominated by the snail Peringia ulvae (Pennant, 1777) and the oligochaetes Enchytraeidae spp. and Tubificoides benedii (d'Udekem, 1855). Correspondingly, food web structure was more complex and comprised more trophic interactions at the lowest elevation compared to the other elevations mainly inhabited by deposit feeders. Results demonstrate negative impacts of increased sediment elevation on macrofaunal biodiversity and functional diversity, originating from reduced inundation and vegetation establishment. C1 [Lange, Gesine; Bininda-Emonds, Olaf R. P.] Carl von Ossietzky Univ Oldenburg, Inst Biol & Environm Sci, Carl von Ossietzky Str 9-11, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany. [Hillebrand, Helmut; Meier, Daniela; Moorthi, Stefanie D.; Schmitt, Jennifer A.; Zielinski, Oliver] Carl von Ossietzky Univ Oldenburg, Inst Chem & Biol Marine Environm, Schleusenstr 1, D-26382 Wilhelmshaven, Germany. [Hillebrand, Helmut] Carl von Ossietzky Univ Oldenburg, Helmholtz Inst Funct Marine Biodivers, Ammerlander Heerstr 231, D-23129 Oldenburg, Germany. [Zielinski, Oliver] German Res Ctr Artificial Intelligence DFKI, Marine Percept Res Grp, Marie Curie Sitr 1, D-26129 Oldenburg, Germany. [Kroencke, Ingrid] Senckenberg Meer, Dept Marine Res, Sudstrand 40, D-26382 Wilhelmshaven, Germany. [Kroencke, Ingrid] Carl von Ossietzky Univ Oldenburg, Inst Chem & Biol Marine Environm, Carl von Ossietzky Str 9-11, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany. RP Lange, G (reprint author), Carl von Ossietzky Univ Oldenburg, Inst Biol & Environm Sci, Carl von Ossietzky Str 9-11, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany. EM gesine.lange@uni-oldenburg.de FU Ministry for Science and Culture of Lower Saxony ("Niedersachsisches Vorab der Volkswagen Stiftung") [ZN2930] FX This work was part of the BEFmate project (Biodiversity Ecosystem Functioning across marine and terrestrial ecosystems), which was funded by the Ministry for Science and Culture of Lower Saxony ("Niedersachsisches Vorab der Volkswagen Stiftung") under project number ZN2930. NR 74 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0981 EI 1879-1697 J9 J EXP MAR BIOL ECOL JI J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 523 AR 151268 DI 10.1016/j.jembe.2019.151268 PG 13 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA KE7SK UT WOS:000508751200007 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Azevedo, P Butolo, NP de Alencar, LD Soares-Lima, HM Sales, VR Malaspina, O Nocelli, RCF AF Azevedo, Patricia Butolo, Nicole Pavan de Alencar, Luciano Delmondes Soares-Lima, Hellen Maria Sales, Victor Ribeiro Malaspina, Osmar Ferreira Nocelli, Roberta Cornelio TI Standardization of in vitro nervous tissue culture for honeybee: A high specificity toxicological approach SO ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY LA English DT Article DE Mushroom bodies; Kenyon cells; Insect culture medium; Leibovitz's culture medium; Tissue disarrangement; Tissue spacing ID INSECT-CELL-CULTURE; MUSHROOM BODIES; BRAIN; APOPTOSIS; SERVICES AB Bees are important pollinators that help to maintain the biodiversity of wild and cultivated plants. However, the increased and inappropriate use of agrochemicals has caused an imbalance in the populations of these insects visiting flowers for pollen and nectar collection. Therefore, new research methods for understanding the mechanisms of action of pesticides and their impacts on the brains of bees, such as neurotoxicity and cellular changes, in response to different active characteristics and dosages of insecticides are necessary. Thus, with the aim of developing tests with greater specificity at the level of cells or tissues, this study sought to standardize a method for the in vitro culture of the nervous tissue of Apis mellifera. For this purpose, the brains of six foragers bees were transferred to three different insect cell culture media and it supplementation with 10% foetal bovine serum (FBS): Grace, Schneider, Leibovitz, Grace + FBS, Schneider + FBS and Leibovitz + FBS media for each collection time. Nervous tissue was collected after 1, 6, 12 and 24 h of incubation in a humidified CO2 incubator at 32 degrees C, and histological sections of the organs were analysed. The results showed that Leibovitz medium and Leibovitz medium + serum are potential culture media for the cultivation of nervous tissue, since they resulted in less tissue spacing and tissue disarrangement. Therefore, additional supplements are necessary to obtain an ideal medium for the cultivation of A. mellifera nervous tissue. C1 [Azevedo, Patricia; Butolo, Nicole Pavan; Soares-Lima, Hellen Maria; Malaspina, Osmar] Univ Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho UN, Dept Biol, CEIS, Programa Posgrad Biol Celular & Mol, Campus Rio Claro, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil. [Azevedo, Patricia; de Alencar, Luciano Delmondes] Univ Estadual Campinas UNICAMP, Inst Biol, Grp Genet & Genom Conservacao, Programa Posgrad Genet & Biol Mol, Campinas, SP, Brazil. [Sales, Victor Ribeiro; Ferreira Nocelli, Roberta Cornelio] Univ Fed Sao Carlos, Ctr Ciencias Agr, Dept Ciencias Nat Matemat & Educ, Grp Abelhas, Campus Araras, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil. [Sales, Victor Ribeiro; Ferreira Nocelli, Roberta Cornelio] Univ Fed Sao Carlos, Ctr Ciencias Agr, Dept Ciencias Nat Matemat & Educ, Serv Ambientais, Campus Araras, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil. RP Azevedo, P (reprint author), Univ Estadual Paulista, Dept Biol, CEIS, Ave 24-A,1-515, BR-13506900 Rio Claro, SP, Brazil. EM azevedo.p89@gmail.com RI Nocelli, Roberta/AAE-7402-2020; Nocelli, Roberta/E-7354-2012; Alencar, Luciano Delmondes de/M-5334-2018 OI Azevedo, Patricia/0000-0003-4866-9478; Nocelli, Roberta/0000-0003-2900-6310; Alencar, Luciano Delmondes de/0000-0002-4190-575X FU Cordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior -Brazil (CAPES)CAPES [001, 88887.318482/2019-00]; Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP)Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) [2014/12488-0, 2013/09555-5, 2017/21097-3] FX We thank the Centro de Estudos de Insetos Sociais - CEIS (UNESP - Rio Claro - SP/Brazil) and Professor Mario Sergio Palma for providing the infrastructure and Carolina Grando for useful comments on a previous version of the manuscript. We also thank Cordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior -Brazil (CAPES) - Grant Numbers 001 and 88887.318482/2019-00, and the sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) for financing projects 2014/12488-0, 2013/09555-5 and 2017/21097-3. NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0147-6513 EI 1090-2414 J9 ECOTOX ENVIRON SAFE JI Ecotox. Environ. Safe. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 189 AR 110040 DI 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.110040 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA KD2OV UT WOS:000507711500016 PM 31835045 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Cruz, FVD Gomes, MP Bicalho, EM Della Torre, F Garcia, QS AF da Silva Cruz, Fernanda Vieira Gomes, Marcelo Pedrosa Bicalho, Elisa Monteze Della Torre, Felipe Garcia, Queila Souza TI Does Samarco's spilled mud impair the growth of native trees of the Atlantic Rainforest? SO ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY LA English DT Article DE Nutritional deficiency; Photosynthesis; Plant growth; Seed germination ID CALCIUM; RICE; ALLOCATION; TOXICITY; NUTRIENT; CADMIUM; RESIDUE; LEAVES; SOIL AB The failure of the Fundao dam, the largest environmental disaster in the world's mining sector, was responsible for releasing millions of cubic meters of iron ore tailings into the environment. It affected thousands of hectares of the Atlantic Forest domain, one of the biodiversity hotspots for conservation. Considering the urgency to restore the flora of the affected area, we evaluated the effects that iron ore tailings from the Fundao reservoir have on the germination and initial growth of tree species native to the Atlantic Forest in the Rio Doce basin. We demonstrated that the tailings do not affect the seed germination, but do negatively interfere with plant growth. Lower biomass production, height, leaf area, chlorophyll concentration and photosynthesis as well as high concentration of iron was observed in plants grown in the tailings. Thus, we investigated if these deleterious effects were due to the presence of potentially toxic metals or nutritional deficiency imposed by low fertility of the tailings. We concluded that reduced growth was a result of nutritional limitations due to low nutrient availability, low organic matter content and low cation exchange capacity of the tailings. This conclusion was further supported by the application of fertilization, which reversed the deleterious effect of the waste on the growth of plants, assuring physiological levels of iron and nutrients in the shoot. Thus, this strategy should be considered for in situ recovery projects aiming to improve the performance of native plants. C1 [da Silva Cruz, Fernanda Vieira; Della Torre, Felipe; Garcia, Queila Souza] Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Inst Ciencias Biol, Dept Bot, Lab Fisiol Vegetal, Antonio Carlos 6627, BR-486 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. [Gomes, Marcelo Pedrosa] Univ Fed Parana, Dept Bot, Lab Fisiol Plantas Sob Estresse, Ctr Politecn Jardim Amer, Ave Coronel Francisco H,100, BR-19031 Curitiba, Parana, Brazil. [Bicalho, Elisa Monteze] Univ Fed Lavras, Lab Crescimento & Desenvolvimento Plantas, Fisiol Vegetal, Campus Univ 3037, Lavras, MG, Brazil. RP Garcia, QS (reprint author), Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Inst Ciencias Biol, Dept Bot, Lab Fisiol Vegetal, Antonio Carlos 6627, BR-486 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.; Gomes, MP (reprint author), Univ Fed Parana, Dept Bot, Lab Fisiol Plantas Sob Estresse, Ctr Politecn Jardim Amer, Ave Coronel Francisco H,100, BR-19031 Curitiba, Parana, Brazil. EM marcelo.gomes@ufpr.br; queila@icb.ufmg.br FU Coordenacdo de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior Brasil (CAPES)CAPES [001]; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq, Brazil) through a strategic grant "REDES -Remediation of the Rio Doce Basin: potential of the aquatic and terrestrial biota"National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) [88881.118082/2016-01]; CNPqNational Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq); Fundacao Araucaria (Parana, Brazil)Fundacao Araucaria FX We thank Dr. Fabio Vieira (UFMG) for helping in the selection of areas and substrate sampling campaings; Humberto Soares Caldeira Brant for assistance with statistical analyses; Leandro Duarte for technical support in plant cultivation and the Instituto Espinhaco for providing seeds and logistical support. This research was financed in part by the Coordenacdo de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior Brasil (CAPES) - Finance Code 001, and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq, Brazil) through a strategic grant "REDES -Remediation of the Rio Doce Basin: potential of the aquatic and terrestrial biota" (grant number 88881.118082/2016-01). Q.S. Garcia received research productivity scholarship from CNPq and M.P. Gomes from Fundacao Araucaria (Parana, Brazil). NR 58 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0147-6513 EI 1090-2414 J9 ECOTOX ENVIRON SAFE JI Ecotox. Environ. Safe. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 189 AR 110021 DI 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.110021 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA KD2OV UT WOS:000507711500011 PM 31830604 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Pinedo, M AF Pinedo, Miguel TI Help seeking behaviors of Latinos with substance use disorders who perceive a need for treatment: Substance abuse versus mental health treatment services SO JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE ABUSE TREATMENT LA English DT Article DE Substance abuse treatment; Mental health treatment; Treatment utilization; Latinos; Substance use disorders ID RACIAL/ETHNIC DISPARITIES; ETHNIC DISPARITIES; ACCULTURATION; AMERICANS; ILLNESS; STIGMA; GENDER; ACCESS; ADULTS AB Objective: Perceiving a need for substance abuse treatment is a strong predictor of substance abuse treatment utilization among those with substance use disorders (SUD). Studies have found that when persons with SUD perceive a need for treatment, they are more likely to use mental health treatment rather than substance abuse treatment. Substance abuse treatment utilization is low among Latinos, relative to other racial/ethnic groups. It is unknown if Latinos with SUD who perceive a need for treatment are more likely to use mental health or substance abuse treatment. Methods: Data were pooled from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health survey years 2014, 2015, 2016, and 2017. Analyses were limited to adult Latino participants who met DSM-IV criteria for a past-year substance use disorder (n = 1889). Multinomial logistic regression analyses examined the role of perceived treatment need on the past-year use of (1) no treatment, (2) substance abuse treatment only, and (3) mental health treatment only. Important covariates included socio-demographics, problem severity, currently being on parole or probation, and poor mental health status. Results: Only 5% of Latinos with SUD reported perceiving a need for treatment. Treatment utilization was also low: 83% reported not using any treatment in the past-year. In multinomial logistic regressions, compared to not using any treatment, Latinos with SUD who perceived a need for substance abuse treatment were more likely to report using mental health treatment only. Perceiving a need for treatment and using substance abuse treatment services only was not statistically different from not using any treatment. Conclusions: Findings underscore the need for better integration of substance abuse and mental health treatment services to address the health needs of Latinos. C1 [Pinedo, Miguel] Univ Texas Austin, Coll Educ, Dept Kinesiol & Hlth Educ, 2109 San Jacinto Blvd,Stop D3700, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Pinedo, M (reprint author), 2109 San Jacinto Blvd,Stop D3700, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EM mpinedo@austin.utexas.edu FU National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and AlcoholismUnited States Department of Health & Human ServicesNational Institutes of Health (NIH) - USANIH National Institute on Alcohol Abuse & Alcoholism (NIAAA) [R01AA027767] FX This work was supported in part by the National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (R01AA027767). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0740-5472 J9 J SUBST ABUSE TREAT JI J. Subst. Abus. Treat. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 109 BP 41 EP 45 DI 10.1016/j.jsat.2019.11.006 PG 5 WC Psychology, Clinical; Substance Abuse SC Psychology; Substance Abuse GA KE0YF UT WOS:000508286400006 PM 31856949 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Hawkins, SS Ghiani, M Harper, S Baum, CF Kaufman, JS AF Hawkins, Summer Sherburne Ghiani, Marco Harper, Sam Baum, Christopher F. Kaufman, Jay S. TI Impact of State-Level Changes on Maternal Mortality: A Population-Based, Quasi-Experimental Study SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; PREGNANCY; HEALTH; TRENDS; DEATH AB Introduction: Recent increases in maternal mortality and persistent disparities have led to speculation about why the U.S. has higher rates than most high-income countries. The aim was to examine the impact of changes in state-level factors plausibly linked to maternal mortality on overall rates and by race/ethnicity. Methods: This quasi-experimental, population-based, difference-in-differences study used 20072015 National Vital Statistics System microdata mortality files from 38 states and DC. The primary exposures were 5 state-level sexual and reproductive health indicators and 6 health and economic conditions. Maternal mortality rate was defined as number of deaths of women while pregnant or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy per 100,000 live births. A difference-in-differences zero-inflated negative binomial regression model was estimated using the race/ethnicity-age-state-year population as the denominator and adjusting for race/ethnicity, age, state, and year. Data were analyzed in 2017-2018. Results: There were 4,767 deaths among women up to age 44 years, resulting in a maternal mortality rate of 17.9. Reducing the proportion of Planned Parenthood clinics by 20% from the state-year mean increased the maternal mortality rate by 8% (incidence rate ratio, 1.08; 95% CI=1.04, 1.12). States that enacted legislation to restrict abortions based on gestational age increased the maternal mortality rate by 38% (incidence rate ratio, 1.38; 95% CI=1.03, 1.84). Planned Parenthood clinic closures negatively impacted all women, increasing mortality by 6%-15% across racial/ethnic groups, whereas gestational limits primarily increased mortality among white women. Conclusions: Recent fiscal and legislative changes reducing women's access to family planning and reproductive health services have contributed to rising maternal mortality rates. (C) 2019 American Journal of Preventive Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Hawkins, Summer Sherburne; Baum, Christopher F.] Boston Coll, Sch Social Work, McGuinn Hall,140 Commonwealth Ave, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA. [Ghiani, Marco; Baum, Christopher F.] Boston Coll, Dept Econ, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA. [Harper, Sam; Kaufman, Jay S.] McGill Univ, Dept Epidemiol Biostat & Occupat Hlth, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Baum, Christopher F.] German Inst Econ Res DIW Berlin, Dept Macroecon, Berlin, Germany. RP Hawkins, SS (reprint author), Boston Coll, Sch Social Work, McGuinn Hall,140 Commonwealth Ave, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA. EM summer.hawkins@bc.edu NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA STE 800, 230 PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10169 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 58 IS 2 BP 165 EP 174 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2019.09.012 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA KD6OG UT WOS:000507983500004 PM 31859173 OA Bronze DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Womack, LS Rossen, LM Hirai, AH AF Womack, Lindsay S. Rossen, Lauren M. Hirai, Ashley H. TI Urban-Rural Infant Mortality Disparities by Race and Ethnicity and Cause of Death SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PRETERM BIRTH; UNITED-STATES; TRENDS; RATES; SERVICES; COUNTIES; SUDDEN; RISK AB Introduction: Infant mortality rates are higher in nonmetropolitan areas versus large metropolitan areas. Variation by race/ethnicity and cause of death has not been assessed. Urban-rural infant mortality rate differences were quantified by race/ethnicity and cause of death. Methods: National Vital Statistics System linked birth/infant death data (2014-2016) were analyzed in 2019 by 3 urban-rural county classifications: large metropolitan, medium/small metropolitan, and nonmetropolitan. Excess infant mortality rates (rate differences) by urban-rural classification were calculated relative to large metropolitan areas overall and for each racial/ethnic group. The number of excess deaths, population attributable fraction, and proportion of excess deaths attributable to underlying causes of death was calculated. Results: Nonmetropolitan areas had the highest excess infant mortality rate overall. Excess infant mortality rates were substantially lower for Hispanic infants than other races/ethnicities. Overall, 7.4% of infant deaths would be prevented if all areas had the infant mortality rate of large metropolitan areas. With more than half of births occurring outside of large metropolitan areas, the population attributable fraction was highest for American Indian/Alaska Natives (20.3%) and whites, non-Hispanic (14.3%). Excess infant mortality rates in both nonmetropolitan and medium/small metropolitan areas were primarily attributable to sudden unexpected infant deaths (42.3% and 31.9%) and congenital anomalies (30.1% and 26.8%). This pattern was consistent for all racial/ethnic groups except black, non-Hispanic infants, for whom preterm-related and sudden unexpected infant deaths accounted for the largest share of excess infant mortality rates. Conclusions: Infant mortality increases with rurality, and excess infant mortality rates are predominantly attributable to sudden unexpected infant deaths and congenital anomalies, with differences by race/ethnicity regarding magnitude and cause of death. (C) 2019 American Journal of Preventive Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Womack, Lindsay S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Div Sci Educ & Profess Dev, Ctr Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Womack, Lindsay S.; Rossen, Lauren M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vital Stat, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Womack, Lindsay S.] US PHS, Commissioned Corps, Rockville, MD USA. [Hirai, Ashley H.] US Dept HHS, Off Epidemiol & Res Maternal & Child Hlth Bur, Hlth Resources & Serv Adm, Rockville, MD USA. RP Womack, LS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, 3311 Toledo Rd, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM nrc1@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA STE 800, 230 PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10169 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 58 IS 2 BP 254 EP 260 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2019.09.010 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA KD6OG UT WOS:000507983500015 PM 31735480 OA Green Accepted DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Suleman, S Khan, WA Anjum, KM Shehzad, W Hashmi, SGM AF Suleman, S. Khan, W. A. Anjum, K. M. Shehzad, W. Hashmi, S. G. M. TI HABITAT SUITABILITY INDEX (HSI) MODEL OF PUNJAB URIAL (OVIS VEGNEI PUNJABIENSIS) IN PAKISTAN SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL AND PLANT SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE HSI model; Kala Chitta Range; Maxent; Punjab Urial; Salt Range ID VIGNEI-PUNJABIENSIS; POPULATION-DENSITY; GIS; SANCTUARY AB Unprecedented losses in biodiversity due to habitat loss and fragmentations in the current era have not only alarmed the scientists worldwide but also urged the need to devise suitable conservation strategies which are impossible without understanding the habitat requirements of the concerned species. Among many conservational methods Habitat suitability models are effective for identification of potential habitat and its relationship with the species. Punjab Urial is an endangered mammalian species of Kala Chitta Range and Salt Range in the Punjab, Pakistan. Maxent model was applied to identify the potential habitat by applying 120 sighting point, topographical and current bioclimatic variables. Possible area under receiver operating characteristics curves (AUC) test for current prediction is 0.988 that shows significant correlation between testing points and variables. In Pakistan total 3477 km(2) area is suitable for Punjab Urial and potential habitats lie in limited areas in Rawalpindi, Sargodha, Gujrat, Mardan, Swabi, Nowshera, North Wziristan, Bannu, Dera Ismail Khan, Laki-Marwat and some area in Azad Jammu & Kashmir. Habitat of Punjab Urial is shrinking due to certain reasons including habitat fragmentation. In-situ and Ex-situ techniques are the major recommendation for species conservation in suitable and potential habitat of Punjab Urial. C1 [Suleman, S.; Khan, W. A.; Anjum, K. M.; Hashmi, S. G. M.] Univ Vet & Anim Sci, Dept Wildlife & Ecol, Lahore, Pakistan. [Shehzad, W.] Univ Vet & Anim Sci, Inst Biochem & Biotechnol, Lahore, Pakistan. RP Suleman, S (reprint author), Univ Vet & Anim Sci, Dept Wildlife & Ecol, Lahore, Pakistan. EM saharsuleman59@gmail.com NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PAKISTAN AGRICULTURAL SCIENTISTS FORUM PI LAHORE PA UNIV VETERINARY & ANIMAL SCIENCES, LAHORE, 00000, PAKISTAN SN 1018-7081 J9 J ANIM PLANT SCI JI J. Anim. Plant Sci. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 30 IS 1 BP 229 EP 238 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Biology; Veterinary Sciences SC Agriculture; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Veterinary Sciences GA KC9BT UT WOS:000507466600026 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Simoes, SD Zappi, D da Costa, GM de Oliveira, G Aona, LYS AF Simoes, Silvana dos Santos Zappi, Daniela da Costa, Grenivel Mota de Oliveira, Guilherme Saleme Aona, Lidyanne Yuriko TI Spatial niche modelling of five endemic cacti from the Brazilian Caatinga: Past, present and future SO AUSTRAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cactaceae; climate change; conservation; forecast modelling; North-eastern Brazil; plant distribution ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; CONSERVATION BIOGEOGRAPHY; SEED-GERMINATION; CACTACEAE; UNCERTAINTIES; STABILITY; HISTORY; FORESTS; PLANTS; BAHIA AB Climate change, together with human activities, impacts on natural and human systems on all continents and poses a major threat to biodiversity, especially in environments with a high rate of endemism and where species are profoundly adapted to specific environmental conditions, as is the case of the seasonally dry tropical forests, noticeably the Caatinga, an exclusively Brazilian biome. The objective of this study was to build spatial niche models of five species of Cactaceae (Arrojadoa penicillata, Brasilicereus phaeacanthus, Pereskia aureiflora, Stephanocereus leucostele and Tacinga inamoena) endemic to the Caatinga and with different traits, to evaluate the impact of climate change on their geographical distribution. The species records and environmental variable values were overlaid on a grid of 6818 cells with 0.5 degrees spatial resolution. Niche models were obtained for five types of general circulation models between ocean and atmosphere and 12 different ecological models. The ensemble ecological niche model was calculated at present and projected to past (last glacial maximum - LGM, 21 000; and mid-Holocene - Hol, 6000 years ago) and future climate conditions (average of 2080), under the effect of climate change, in the greenhouse gas emission scenario RCP4.5. The distribution pattern of the studied species indicates an area with less environmental suitability in the LGM, followed by an expansion that began in the Hol and continued until the present period. In the future (2080), the models predicted a retraction of areas of environmental suitability, in which P. aureiflora and B. phaeacanthus, given their more restricted, marginal habitat and woody habit, present a great risk of extinction, whilst S. leucostele, A. penicillata and T. inamoena present a smaller reduction in suitable area, partly reflecting their spreading, less woody habit. Regional conservation actions for Cactaceae species and their habitat need to take these findings into account if we are to ensure the survival of these species. C1 [Simoes, Silvana dos Santos] Univ Fed Reconcavo Bahia, Programa Mestrado Recursos Genet Vegetais, BR-44380000 Cruz das Almas, Brazil. [Simoes, Silvana dos Santos; da Costa, Grenivel Mota; de Oliveira, Guilherme; Saleme Aona, Lidyanne Yuriko] Univ Fed Reconcavo Bahia, Ctr Ciencias Agr Ambientais & Biol, Rua Rui Barbosa 710, BR-44380000 Cruz das Almas, Brazil. [Zappi, Daniela] Inst Tecnol Vale, Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi Coord Bot, Belem, Para, Brazil. RP Aona, LYS (reprint author), Univ Fed Reconcavo Bahia, Ctr Ciencias Agr Ambientais & Biol, Rua Rui Barbosa 710, BR-44380000 Cruz das Almas, Brazil. EM lidyanne.aona@gmail.com RI ; Aona, Lidyanne/D-3155-2015 OI Zappi, Daniela/0000-0001-6755-2238; Aona, Lidyanne/0000-0001-8477-5791 NR 67 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1442-9985 EI 1442-9993 J9 AUSTRAL ECOL JI Austral Ecol. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 45 IS 1 BP 35 EP 47 DI 10.1111/aec.12825 PG 13 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KC6LI UT WOS:000507286300004 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Morris, TL Barger, NN Cramer, MD AF Morris, Taryn L. Barger, Nichole N. Cramer, Michael D. TI Ecophysiological traits of invasive alien Acacia cyclops compared to co-occuring native species in Strandveld vegetation of the Cape Floristic Region SO AUSTRAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE N-2 fixation; photosynthesis; resource use efficiency; water isotopes ID PLANT INVASIONS; SOUTH-AFRICA; ISOTOPE DISCRIMINATION; WATER-RESOURCES; GAS-EXCHANGE; IMPACTS; NITROGEN; TREES; AVAILABILITY; ECOSYSTEMS AB Tree invasions of Mediterranean-climate ecosystems pose a significant threat to both biodiversity and functioning, by excluding native species, altering soil nutrient status and depleting water resources. In order to attain greater relative biomass associated with successful invasion in these characteristically resource-poor environments, invasive species must have novel traits that enable better acquisition (e.g. deep roots) or exploitation of different resources (e.g. N-2 fixation) and/or more efficient use of available resources than native species. We compared the ecophysiological and morphological traits of three abundant native species to those of the invasive Australian tree species, Acacia cyclops. This species is widely invasive in the Mediterranean-climate coastal vegetation of South Africa that includes the Strandveld vegetation type. A. cyclops had 30-50% greater foliar N concentrations (P < 0.001) in comparison with the native species and lower foliar delta N-15 values that may indicate N-2 fixation. Additionally, A. cyclops maintained higher photosynthetic rates over the dry summer season (ca. 15 mu mol m(-2) s(-1)) than the native species. These higher photosynthetic rates may result from sustained access to water due to deeper rooting abilities as indicated by the more negative delta D values (P < 0.001) of A. cyclops (-43 parts per thousand) in comparison with the some native species (-29 to -37 parts per thousand). Acacia cyclops did not, however, exhibit greater water use efficiencies or photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiencies (P > 0.05) compared to native species. Invasiveness of A. cyclops into this resource-limited Mediterranean-climate ecosystem appears to be supported by greater resource acquisition, possibly partially through N-2 fixation and greater rooting depth, rather than greater resource use efficiency or conservation. C1 [Morris, Taryn L.; Barger, Nichole N.] Univ Colorado, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Morris, Taryn L.; Cramer, Michael D.] Univ Cape Town, Dept Biol Sci, Private Bag X3, ZA-7701 Rondebosch, South Africa. RP Cramer, MD (reprint author), Univ Cape Town, Dept Biol Sci, Private Bag X3, ZA-7701 Rondebosch, South Africa. EM michael.cramer@uct.ac.za NR 76 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1442-9985 EI 1442-9993 J9 AUSTRAL ECOL JI Austral Ecol. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 45 IS 1 BP 48 EP 59 DI 10.1111/aec.12827 PG 12 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KC6LI UT WOS:000507286300005 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Li, M Wang, JJ Hu, SX Stott, P Lin, BQ Li, LS Liu, H Bao, H Cui, DY Jiang, GS AF Li, Min Wang, Jingjing Hu, Suxian Stott, Philip Lin, Baoqing Li, Lianshan Liu, Hui Bao, Heng Cui, Duoying Jiang, Guangshun TI Scale Differences in the Dependence of Seasonal Bird Diversity on Landscape Structure: A Case Study in Northeastern China SO PAKISTAN JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Scale dependence; Bird diversity; Landscape structure; Wetland ID PLOVERS PLUVIALIS-APRICARIA; LAPWINGS VANELLUS-VANELLUS; RED-CROWNED CRANE; LAND-USE; MIGRATION ROUTES; SANJIANG PLAIN; GRUS-LEUCOGERANUS; HABITAT SELECTION; CHANGING SCALE; DIET AB Wildlife interact with environmental variables at different spatial scales. We undertook point counts of birds in the Xianghai wetland reserve of northeastern China from 2000 to 2009, and used remote sensing and GIS technologies to map land cover types. We linked cover types to avian species richness, evenness, and Shannon's diversity using a stepwise linear regression model and regressions of proportions of cover types at different spatial scales. We recorded 109,026 sightings comprising 94 species, and found that avian diversity indices were positively influenced by the presence of open water, farmland, and alkaline marsh, and negatively by human settlement; and in addition, these relationships were only apparent when scale was considered. We detected the dependence of the avian assemblage on alkaline marshes and open water, which in turn might depend on incoming flows of water. We also found negative relationship between human settlements and bird diversity which extended to a distance of 3 km. Consequently, we provide evidence of significant scale dependence on landscape structure of wetland bird diversity. Therefore, scalar effects of different habitat variables need to be taken into account when managing wetland bird populations with the aim of conserving avian biodiversity. C1 [Li, Min; Liu, Hui; Bao, Heng; Jiang, Guangshun] Northeast Forestry Univ, Coll Wildlife Resources, 26 Hexing Rd, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, Peoples R China. [Li, Min] Forestry Bur Fuzhou City, Fuzhou 344000, Jiangxi, Peoples R China. [Wang, Jingjing; Hu, Suxian] Northeast Forestry Univ, Lib, Harbin, Peoples R China. [Stott, Philip] City Univ Hong Kong, Dept Infect Dis & Publ Hlth, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Lin, Baoqing; Li, Lianshan] Xianghai Natl Nat Reserve Jilin, Baicheng 137000, Jilin, Peoples R China. [Cui, Duoying] Beijing Zoo, Beijing Key Lab Capt Wildlife Technol, Beijing 100044, Peoples R China. RP Jiang, GS (reprint author), Northeast Forestry Univ, Coll Wildlife Resources, 26 Hexing Rd, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, Peoples R China. EM jgshun@126.com OI STOTT, Philip George/0000-0003-0252-5591 FU Fundamental Research Funds for the Central UniversitiesFundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [2572017PZ14, 2572017AA07]; National Key Programme of Research and Development, Ministry of Science and Technology [2016YFC0503200]; NSFCNational Natural Science Foundation of China [31470460, 31572285, 31872241] FX We thank the support of the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2572017PZ14, 2572017AA07), the National Key Programme of Research and Development, Ministry of Science and Technology (2016YFC0503200) and NSFC (31470460; 31572285; 31872241). We thank Dr. Chunguan He of Northeast Normal University for his help in remote data collection and proccessing, and thank Mr. Xuguang Chen and Mr. Hongtao Wang of XHNR for providing transportation during the field work. We appreciate the strong support from Mr. Jun Zhao and Mr. Jun Bao. We thanked Dr. Liying Su for providing valuable comments on our manuscript. NR 84 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ZOOLOGICAL SOC PAKISTAN PI LAHORE PA UNIV PUNJAB, NEW CAMPUS, C/O DEPT ZOOLOGY, LAHORE, PAKISTAN SN 0030-9923 J9 PAK J ZOOL JI Pak. J. Zool. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 52 IS 1 BP 23 EP 35 DI 10.17582/journal.pjz/2020.52.1.23.35 PG 13 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA KB9FD UT WOS:000506791500004 OA Other Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Eftekhar, Z Naderi, M Kaboli, M Rezaei, HR Khorasani, N AF Eftekhar, Zahra Naderi, Morteza Kaboli, Mohammad Rezaei, Hamid R. Khorasani, Nematollah TI More Insights into the Evolution of Fat Dormouse in the Old Growth Hyrcanian Forests SO PAKISTAN JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Evolutionary divergence; Glis glis; Hyrcanian forests; Iran; Microrefugia; Geometric morphometric ID GLIS-GLIS; BIODIVERSITY; VEGETATION AB Fat dormouse (Glis glis), belonging to the monotypic genus Glis of the family Gliridae, has been frequently used as a model to enrich our knowledge of patterns of arboreal species adaptation to the glacial oscillations. Ancient Hyrcanian forests, as one of the old-growth relicts of the temperate deciduous forests, have been recently documented as an important refugium during the last glacial maximum (LGM). More investigations based on skull and mandible morphological assessments revealed considerable intraspecific evolutionary divergence among the local populations settled in the Hyrcanian forests of northern Iran. Geometric morphometric approaches in this study confirm the presence of multiple cryptic refugia for Fat dormouse as a small forest-dwelling species during paleontological oscillations. Such findings correspond to those of previous molecular and niche analyses. Our research also confirms an ideal capability of morphological approaches in species evolutionary assessments. C1 [Eftekhar, Zahra] Islamic Azad Univ, Sci & Res Branch, Dept Nat Resources & Environm, Tehran, Iran. [Naderi, Morteza] Arak Univ, Fac Agr & Environm, Dept Environm Sci, Arak 3815688349, Iran. [Kaboli, Mohammad; Khorasani, Nematollah] Univ Tehran, Fac Nat Resources, Dept Environm Sci, Karaj, Iran. [Rezaei, Hamid R.] Gorgan Univ Agr Sci & Nat Resources, Dept Environm Sci, Gorgan, Golestan, Iran. RP Naderi, M (reprint author), Arak Univ, Fac Agr & Environm, Dept Environm Sci, Arak 3815688349, Iran. EM ghnadery@yahoo.com NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ZOOLOGICAL SOC PAKISTAN PI LAHORE PA UNIV PUNJAB, NEW CAMPUS, C/O DEPT ZOOLOGY, LAHORE, PAKISTAN SN 0030-9923 J9 PAK J ZOOL JI Pak. J. Zool. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 52 IS 1 BP 337 EP 346 DI 10.17582/journal.pjz/2020.52.1.337.346 PG 10 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA KB9FD UT WOS:000506791500039 OA Other Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Chen, XL Chen, HYH Chen, C Ma, ZL Searle, EB Yu, ZP Huang, ZQ AF Chen, Xinli Chen, Han Y. H. Chen, Chen Ma, Zilong Searle, Eric B. Yu, Zaipeng Huang, Zhiqun TI Effects of plant diversity on soil carbon in diverse ecosystems: a global meta-analysis SO BIOLOGICAL REVIEWS LA English DT Article DE biodiversity; soil carbon content; stand age; soil depth; microbial biomass carbon ID TREE SPECIES-DIVERSITY; MICROBIAL BIOMASS CARBON; FINE-ROOT PRODUCTIVITY; ORGANIC-CARBON; LITTER DECOMPOSITION; MIXED STANDS; BIODIVERSITY LOSS; NITROGEN STOCKS; LOESS PLATEAU; ELEVATED CO2 AB Soil organic carbon (SOC) is a valuable resource for mediating global climate change and securing food production. Despite an alarming rate of global plant diversity loss, uncertainties concerning the effects of plant diversity on SOC remain, because plant diversity not only stimulates litter inputs via increased productivity, thus enhancing SOC, but also stimulates microbial respiration, thus reducing SOC. By analysing 1001 paired observations of plant mixtures and corresponding monocultures from 121 publications, we show that both SOC content and stock are on average 5 and 8% higher in species mixtures than in monocultures. These positive mixture effects increase over time and are more pronounced in deeper soils. Microbial biomass carbon, an indicator of SOC release and formation, also increases, but the proportion of microbial biomass carbon in SOC is lower in mixtures. Moreover, these species-mixture effects are consistent across forest, grassland, and cropland systems and are independent of background climates. Our results indicate that converting 50% of global forests from mixtures to monocultures would release an average of 2.70 Pg C from soil annually over a period of 20 years: about 30% of global annual fossil-fuel emissions. Our study highlights the importance of plant diversity preservation for the maintenance of soil carbon sequestration in discussions of global climate change policy. C1 [Chen, Xinli; Chen, Han Y. H.; Chen, Chen; Ma, Zilong; Searle, Eric B.] Lakehead Univ, Fac Nat Resources Management, 955 Oliver Rd, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada. [Chen, Han Y. H.; Yu, Zaipeng; Huang, Zhiqun] Fujian Normal Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Humid Subtrop Ecogeog Proc, 32 Shangshan Rd, Fuzhou 350007, Peoples R China. [Yu, Zaipeng; Huang, Zhiqun] Fujian Normal Univ, Inst Geog, Fuzhou 350007, Peoples R China. RP Chen, HYH (reprint author), Lakehead Univ, Fac Nat Resources Management, 955 Oliver Rd, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada.; Chen, HYH; Huang, ZQ (reprint author), Fujian Normal Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Humid Subtrop Ecogeog Proc, 32 Shangshan Rd, Fuzhou 350007, Peoples R China.; Huang, ZQ (reprint author), Fujian Normal Univ, Inst Geog, Fuzhou 350007, Peoples R China. EM hchen1@lakeheadu.ca; zhiqunhuang@hotmail.com RI Chen, Han Y.H./A-1359-2008; Chen, Chen/M-4807-2019 OI Chen, Han Y.H./0000-0001-9477-5541; Chen, Chen/0000-0002-8340-6115; Huang, Zhiqun/0000-0002-8929-4863; Chen, Xinli/0000-0003-0542-5959 FU National Science Foundation of China for Distinguished Young ScholarsNational Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars [31625007]; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of CanadaNatural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada [RGPIN-2014-04181, STPGP428641, RTI-2017-00358] NR 240 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 47 U2 47 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1464-7931 EI 1469-185X J9 BIOL REV JI Biol. Rev. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 95 IS 1 BP 167 EP 183 DI 10.1111/brv.12554 PG 17 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA KB7WE UT WOS:000506700000008 PM 31625247 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Obasi, EM Chen, TA Cavanagh, L Smith, BK Wilborn, KA McNeill, LH Reitzel, LR AF Obasi, Ezemenari M. Chen, Tzu-An Cavanagh, Lucia Smith, B. Katherine Wilborn, Kristin A. McNeill, Lorna H. Reitzel, Lorraine R. TI Depression, Perceived Social Control, and Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Function in African-American Adults SO HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE HPA axis; cortisol; social control; depression; African Americans ID CORTISOL AWAKENING RESPONSE; SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; SALIVARY CORTISOL; DIURNAL PATTERNS; YOUNG-ADULTS; OLDER-ADULTS; STRESS; HEALTH; NEIGHBORHOODS; SYMPTOMS AB Objective: Social determinants may negatively affect health via Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis dysfunction. The potential contribution of social determinants and related factors to HPA-axis functioning is important to study among African American adults, who are more likely to experience societal inequities and health disparities relative to other racial/ethnic groups. This study examined the relationship between depressive symptoms and perceived social control on HPA-axis functioning among African American adults. Method: Participants (N = 107; M-age = 50, 79% female) were administered measures including the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression and Informal (neighborhood) Social Control. Study procedures included the provision of 6 saliva samples for cortisol analysis (at wakeup, 30- and 90- min post-wakeup, 2:00 PM, 5:00 PM, and prebedtime). The relationship between depression and social control on the functioning of the HPA-axis were simultaneously examined within a 2-level hierarchical linear model. Results: Variability in the Cortisol Awakening Response (CAR) was accounted for by depressive symptomatology (p = .023) and perceived social control (p = .016), whereby greater depression was associated with a blunted CAR (less awakening cortisol production) and greater perceptions of neighborhood social control with a higher CAR. Conclusions: Elevated depressive symptoms and low perceptions of neighborhood social control may serve as mechanisms that help to explain within-group variability in the functioning of stress physiology among African American adults. Findings enhance understanding of how social determinants may affect African Americans' health. C1 [Obasi, Ezemenari M.; Cavanagh, Lucia; Smith, B. Katherine; Wilborn, Kristin A.] Univ Houston, Dept Psychol Hlth & Learning Sci, Hwemudua Addict & Hlth Dispar Lab, 491 Farish Hall, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Obasi, Ezemenari M.; Chen, Tzu-An; Wilborn, Kristin A.; Reitzel, Lorraine R.] Hlth Res Inst, Houston, TX USA. [McNeill, Lorna H.] Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Hlth Dispar Res, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Reitzel, Lorraine R.] Univ Houston, Social Determinants Hlth Dispar Lab, Dept Psychol Hlth & Learning Sci, Houston, TX 77204 USA. RP Obasi, EM (reprint author), Univ Houston, Dept Psychol Hlth & Learning Sci, Hwemudua Addict & Hlth Dispar Lab, 491 Farish Hall, Houston, TX 77204 USA. EM emobasi@uh.edu FU University of Houston; University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center via National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Drug Abuse [R01DA034739]; National Cancer InstituteUnited States Department of Health & Human ServicesNational Institutes of Health (NIH) - USANIH National Cancer Institute (NCI) [P20CA221696, P20CA221697] FX This work was supported by institutional funding from the University of Houston and the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (Lorraine R. Reitzel), via funds from the National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Drug Abuse (R01DA034739, PI: Ezemenari M. Obasi) and the National Cancer Institute (P20CA221696, PI: Lorna H. McNeill and P20CA221697, PI: Lorraine R. Reitzel), and with the assistance of the University of Houston HEALTH Research Institute. NR 50 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 0278-6133 EI 1930-7810 J9 HEALTH PSYCHOL JI Health Psychol. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 39 IS 2 BP 107 EP 115 DI 10.1037/hea0000812 PG 9 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychology SC Psychology GA KB9YJ UT WOS:000506843300003 PM 31697108 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Lee, H Heo, YM Kwon, SL Yoo, Y Lee, AH Kwon, BO Kim, GH Khim, JS Kim, JJ AF Lee, Hanbyul Heo, Young Mok Kwon, Sun Lul Yoo, Yeonjae Lee, Aslan Hwanhwi Kwon, Bong-Oh Kim, Gyu-Hyeok Khim, Jong Seong Kim, Jae-Jin TI Recovery of the benthic bacterial community in coastal abandoned saltern requires over 35 years: A comparative case study in the Yellow Sea SO ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE Bacterial community; Biodiversity; Recovery; Saltern; Sediment assessment; Tidal flat ecology ID TIDAL FLAT SEDIMENT; MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES; RECLAMATION PROJECT; SALINITY GRADIENT; LAND-COVER; DIVERSITY; ECOSYSTEM; ASSEMBLAGES; BIOGEOGRAPHY; RESTORATION AB Salt is an essential nutrient for humans, and salterns exist worldwide. Although the construction of salterns has stopped and typical salterns are now mostly abandoned, there has been no research on the ecological recovery of the abandoned salterns. Here, we analyzed the bacterial diversity and community structure in three pairs of abandoned salterns that have undergone 1-35 years of natural restoration and tidal flats to determine the recovery time and process. Partial 16S rRNA sequences were amplified and sequenced to investigate the biodiversity and structure of the bacterial community in sediments collected from abandoned salterns and adjacent natural tidal flats (viz., controls) in the Yellow Sea. The most abundant microorganisms across locations were found to be members of Proteobacteria, ranging from 45 to 72%, which was also a crucial taxon in the bacterial recovery process. The benthic bacterial community of the salterns showed time-dependent recovery, as demonstrated by the similarly between the salterns and controls. Indeed, dissimilarities between bacterial communities were significant for the saltern that had been abandoned for one year, according to ANOSIM (R = 1.0, p < 0.01). The genera that were determined to contribute to the dissimilarly exhibited a significant correlation with the sedimentary phosphorus concentration. The dataset generally supported that the indigenous benthic bacterial community in an altered marine environment might require a considerable time to return to a natural status. Meanwhile, a delay between the recovery of the physicochemical environment and biological component was evidenced, which seemed to influence the recovery time in a site-specific manner. Overall, the present study provided new insight and understanding of the recovery of the benthic bacterial community in abandoned salterns in terms of recovery time and the associated process. C1 [Lee, Hanbyul; Heo, Young Mok; Kwon, Sun Lul; Yoo, Yeonjae; Kim, Gyu-Hyeok; Kim, Jae-Jin] Korea Univ, Coll Life Sci & Biotechnol, Div Environm Sci & Ecol Engn, Seoul 02841, South Korea. [Lee, Aslan Hwanhwi; Kwon, Bong-Oh; Khim, Jong Seong] Seoul Natl Univ, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Seoul 08826, South Korea. [Lee, Aslan Hwanhwi; Kwon, Bong-Oh; Khim, Jong Seong] Seoul Natl Univ, Res Inst Oceanog, Seoul 08826, South Korea. RP Kim, JJ (reprint author), Korea Univ, Coll Life Sci & Biotechnol, Div Environm Sci & Ecol Engn, Seoul 02841, South Korea.; Khim, JS (reprint author), Seoul Natl Univ, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Seoul 08826, South Korea.; Khim, JS (reprint author), Seoul Natl Univ, Res Inst Oceanog, Seoul 08826, South Korea. EM jskocean@snu.ac.kr; jae-jinkim@korea.ac.kr RI Khim, Jong Seong/AAD-3054-2020 OI Khim, Jong Seong/0000-0001-7977-0929 FU Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning (MSIP) [NRF-2017R1A2B4002071, 2018R1A6A3A01011109, NRF-2019R1I1A1A01060989]; Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries (MOF) [20170318, 20170325]; Korea University FX This research was funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning (MSIP) [NRF-2017R1A2B4002071, 2018R1A6A3A01011109, and NRF-2019R1I1A1A01060989], the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries (MOF) [20170318 and 20170325], and a Korea University Grant. NR 63 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0160-4120 EI 1873-6750 J9 ENVIRON INT JI Environ. Int. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 135 AR UNSP 105412 DI 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105412 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KB0YQ UT WOS:000506229000053 PM 31865277 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Zhang, Y Pavlovska, M Stoica, E Prekrasna, I Yang, JH Slobodnik, J Zhang, XW Dykyi, E AF Zhang, Yan Pavlovska, Mariia Stoica, Elena Prekrasna, Ievgeniia Yang, Jianghua Slobodnik, Jaroslav Zhang, Xiaowei Dykyi, Evgen TI Holistic pelagic biodiversity monitoring of the Black Sea via eDNA metabarcoding approach: From bacteria to marine mammals SO ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE Black Sea; Multi-trophic biodiversity; eDNA metabarcoding; Interactome; Dispersal; Species sorting ID RNA GENE DATABASE; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; WATER; ECOSYSTEMS; DIVERSITY; SEQUENCES; GRADIENT; IMPACT AB As the largest semi-closed marine ecosystem in the world, the Black Sea has been heavily affected by human activities for a long time. Describing the biodiversity of multi-trophic biota in pelagic zone of the Black Sea and identifying the dominant environmental factors are prerequisites for protecting the sustainability of ecosystems. However, up to now, the taxonomic and distributional information about the Black Sea biota is not clear. Here, we employed a Tree-of-Life metabarcoding to analyze the biodiversity of eight communities in the Black Sea, investigated their biogeographical distribution, and further analyzed the influence of biological and abiotic factors on biota on large scales. We found that, (1) Over 8900 OTUs were detected in the Black Sea, of which 630 species were identified, covering the holistic biota from single-celled (bacteria 5620 OTUs 141 species; algae 1096 OTUs 185 species; protozoa 546 OTUs 146 species) to multicellular organisms (invertebrate metazoans 150 OTUs 34 species; fishes 1369 OTUs 76 species; large marine mammals 39 OTUs 5 species). (2) Higher trophic organisms (fishes and large mammals) distributed more evenly in space than the lower (microorganisms, protozoa and invertebrates). For lower trophic organisms, the vertical stratification was more obvious than the horizontal stratification (vertical p < 0.02, horizontal p < 0.05). (3) The bottom trophic organisms (bacteria and algae) of the food web significantly affected the distribution and composition of the others through biological interactions (Mantel p < 0.05). (4) At the level of abiotic factors, the effect of local species sorting on the composition of communities was 15% higher than that of mass dispersal effect. For the first time, this study monitored and profiled the holistic biodiversity in the pelagic zone of the Black Sea, and provided technological advances and preliminary knowledge for the ongoing Black Sea ecosystem protection efforts. C1 [Zhang, Yan; Yang, Jianghua; Zhang, Xiaowei] Nanjing Univ, Sch Environm, State Key Lab Pollut Control & Resource Reuse, Nanjing 210023, Peoples R China. [Pavlovska, Mariia; Prekrasna, Ievgeniia; Dykyi, Evgen] Ukrainian Sci Ctr Ecol Sea, 89 Frantsusssky Blvd, UA-65009 Odesa, Ukraine. [Pavlovska, Mariia; Prekrasna, Ievgeniia; Dykyi, Evgen] State Inst Natl Antarctic Sci Ctr, Taras Shevchenko Blvd 16, UA-01601 Kiev, Ukraine. [Stoica, Elena] Natl Inst Marine Res & Dev Grigore Antipa, Blvd Mamaia 300, RO-900581 Constanta 3, Romania. [Slobodnik, Jaroslav] Environm Inst, Okruzna 784-42, Kos 97241, Slovakia. RP Zhang, XW (reprint author), Nanjing Univ, Sch Environm, State Key Lab Pollut Control & Resource Reuse, Nanjing 210023, Peoples R China. EM zhangxw@nju.edu.cn FU Major Science and Technology Program for Water Pollution Control and Treatment [ENPI/2013/313-169]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities from NJU [2018ZX07208-002] FX For support, we would like to thank the EU/UNDP Project Improving Environmental Monitoring in the Black Sea -Phase II (EMBLAS-II; ENPI/2013/313-169), and Major Science and Technology Program for Water Pollution Control and Treatment (Grant#2018ZX07208-002). The research is also supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities from NJU. NR 74 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0160-4120 EI 1873-6750 J9 ENVIRON INT JI Environ. Int. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 135 AR UNSP 105307 DI 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105307 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KB0YQ UT WOS:000506229000034 PM 31881429 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Elmberg, J Arzel, C Gunnarsson, G Holopainen, S Nummi, P P?ys?, H Sj?berg, K AF Elmberg, Johan Arzel, Celine Gunnarsson, Gunnar Holopainen, Sari Nummi, Petri Poysa, Hannu Sjoberg, Kjell TI Population change in breeding boreal waterbirds in a 25-year perspective: What characterises winners and losers? SO FRESHWATER BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE breeding phenology; diet; distribution; life history; waterfowl ID SWANS CYGNUS-CYGNUS; LIFE-HISTORY; SPRING PHENOLOGY; BIRD POPULATIONS; SPECIES NUMBER; NORTH-AMERICA; WHOOPER SWAN; TRENDS; PATTERNS; VEGETATION AB Understanding drivers of variation and trends in biodiversity change is a general scientific challenge, but also crucial for conservation and management. Previous research shows that patterns of increase and decrease are not always consistent at different spatial scales, calling for approaches combining the latter. We here explore the idea that functional traits of species may help explaining divergent population trends. Complementing a previous community level study, we here analyse data about breeding waterbirds on 58 wetlands in boreal Fennoscandia, covering gradients in latitude as well as trophic status. We used linear mixed models to address how change in local abundance over 25 years in 25 waterbird species are associated with life history traits, diet, distribution, breeding phenology, and habitat affinity. Mean abundance increased in 10 species from 1990/1991 to 2016, whereas it decreased in 15 species. Local population increases were associated with species that are early breeders and have small clutches, an affinity for luxurious wetlands, an herbivorous diet, and a wide breeding range rather than a southern distribution. Local decreases, by contrast, were associated with species having large clutches and invertivorous diet, as well as being late breeders and less confined to luxurious wetlands. The three species occurring on the highest number of wetlands all decreased in mean abundance. The fact that early breeders have done better than late fits well with previous research about adaptability to climate change, that is, response to earlier springs. We found only limited support for the idea that life history traits are good predictors of wetland level population change. Instead, diet turned out to be a strong candidate for an important driver of population change, as supported by a general decrease of invertivores and a concomitant increase of large herbivores. In a wider perspective, future research needs to address whether population growth of large-bodied aquatic herbivores affects abundance of co-occurring invertivorous species, and if so, if this is due to habitat alteration, or to interference or exploitative competition. C1 [Elmberg, Johan; Gunnarsson, Gunnar] Kristianstad Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Biosci, SE-29188 Kristianstad, Sweden. [Arzel, Celine] Univ Turku, Dept Biol, Turku, Finland. [Arzel, Celine; Holopainen, Sari; Nummi, Petri] Univ Helsinki, Dept Forest Sci, Helsinki, Finland. [Poysa, Hannu] Nat Resources Inst Finland Luke, Nat Resources, Joensuu, Finland. [Sjoberg, Kjell] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Wildlife Fish & Environm Studies, Lima, Sweden. RP Elmberg, J (reprint author), Kristianstad Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Biosci, SE-29188 Kristianstad, Sweden. EM Johan.Elmberg@hkr.se RI ; Arzel, Celine/B-7937-2018 OI Holopainen, Sari/0000-0002-3271-4468; Arzel, Celine/0000-0002-1866-2067 NR 86 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 16 U2 16 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0046-5070 EI 1365-2427 J9 FRESHWATER BIOL JI Freshw. Biol. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 65 IS 2 BP 167 EP 177 DI 10.1111/fwb.13411 PG 11 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA KA6QK UT WOS:000505921100001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Gottschling, M Chac?n, J Calasan, AZ Neuhaus, S Kretschmann, J Stibor, H John, U AF Gottschling, Marc Chacon, Juliana Calasan, Anze Zerdoner Neuhaus, Stefan Kretschmann, Juliane Stibor, Herwig John, Uwe TI Phylogenetic placement of environmental sequences using taxonomically reliable databases helps to rigorously assess dinophyte biodiversity in Bavarian lakes (Germany) SO FRESHWATER BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE amplicon sequencing; dinoflagellates; distribution; molecular phylogenetics; operational taxonomic unit ID FRESH-WATER DINOFLAGELLATE; MOLECULAR DISCRIMINATION; EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY; MICROBIAL EUKARYOTES; PROTIST DIVERSITY; DNA BARCODE; GEN.; COMMUNITY; PERIDINIALES; BIOGEOGRAPHY AB Reliable determination of organisms is a prerequisite to explore their spatial and temporal occurrence and to study their evolution, ecology, and dispersal. In Europe, Bavaria (Germany) provides an excellent study system for research on the origin and diversification of freshwater organisms including dinophytes, due to the presence of extensive lake districts and ice age river valleys. Bavarian freshwater environments are ecologically diverse and range from deep nutrient-poor mountain lakes to shallow nutrient-rich lakes and ponds. We obtained amplicon sequence data (V4 region of small subunit-rRNA, c. 410 bp long) from environmental samples collected at 11 sites in Upper Bavaria. We found 186 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) associated with Dinophyceae that were further classified by means of a phylogenetic placement approach. The maximum likelihood tree inferred from a well-curated reference alignment comprised a systematically representative set of 251 dinophytes, covering the currently known molecular diversity and OTUs linked to type material if possible. Environmental OTUs were scattered across the reference tree, but accumulated mostly in freshwater lineages, with 79% of OTUs placed in either Apocalathium, Ceratium, or Peridinium, the most frequently encountered taxa in Bavaria based on morphology. Twenty-one Bavarian OTUs showed identical sequences to already known and vouchered accessions, two of which are linked to type material, namely Palatinus apiculatus and Theleodinium calcisporum. Particularly within Peridiniaceae, delimitation of Peridinium species was based on the intraspecific sequence variation. Our approach indicates that high-throughput sequencing of environmental samples is effective for reliable determination of dinophyte species in Bavarian lakes. We further discuss the importance of well-curated reference databases that remain to be developed in the future. C1 [Gottschling, Marc; Chacon, Juliana; Calasan, Anze Zerdoner; Kretschmann, Juliane] Ludwig Maximilians Univ Munchen, GeoBio Ctr, Dept Biol Systemat Botan & Mykol, Munich, Germany. [Calasan, Anze Zerdoner] Univ Osnabruck, Dept Biol Chem Botan, Osnabruck, Germany. [Neuhaus, Stefan; John, Uwe] Alfred Wegener Inst, Helmholtz Ctr Polar & Marine Res, Handelshafen 12, D-27570 Bremerhaven, Germany. [Stibor, Herwig] Ludwig Maximillans Univ Munchen, Dept Biol Aquat Ecol, Martinsried, Germany. [John, Uwe] Carl von Ossietzky Univ Oldenburg, Helmholtz Inst Funktionelle Marine Biodiversitat, Oldenburg, Germany. RP John, U (reprint author), Alfred Wegener Inst, Helmholtz Ctr Polar & Marine Res, Handelshafen 12, D-27570 Bremerhaven, Germany. EM uwe.john@awi.de NR 113 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0046-5070 EI 1365-2427 J9 FRESHWATER BIOL JI Freshw. Biol. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 65 IS 2 BP 193 EP 208 DI 10.1111/fwb.13413 PG 16 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA KA6QK UT WOS:000505921100003 OA Green Published, Other Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Jablonska, A Wrzesinska, W Zawal, A Pesic, V Grabowski, M AF Jablonska, Aleksandra Wrzesinska, Weronika Zawal, Andrzej Pesic, Vladimir Grabowski, Michal TI Long-term within-basin isolation patterns, different conservation units, and interspecific mitochondrial DNA introgression in an amphipod endemic to the ancient Lake Skadar system, Balkan Peninsula SO FRESHWATER BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE DNA barcoding; environmental protection; fine-scale endemism; Homoeogammarus scutarensis; karst ID ASIA CRUSTACEA-AMPHIPODA; GENETIC DIVERSITY; ADJACENT REGIONS; NORTH-AFRICA; PERIPHERAL-POPULATIONS; HABITAT FRAGMENTATION; EUROPE; DIVERSIFICATION; CONSEQUENCES; BOTTLENECK AB Investigation of biodiversity, including genetic diversity within species, is crucial for rational planning of nature conservation and species protection. Endemics or narrow-ranged taxa, sensitive to alteration of physical and chemical conditions, may serve as local bioindicators. Homoeogammarus scutarensis is an endemic, cold-adapted amphipod crustacean, inhabiting fragmented spring habitats, within a relatively small area of the Lake Skadar basin. The basin is recently under heavy anthropogenic influence leading to habitat deterioration. Genetic diversity within H. scutarensis was investigated using the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I and the nuclear 28S ribosomal RNA markers. Genetic diversity within the mitochondrial (mt)DNA appeared to be surprisingly high as for the limited spatial scale. The history of within-species divergence dates back at least to the Pliocene. A case of interspecific mtDNA introgression from the endemic H. scutarensis to the widespread and partly sympatric Homoeogammarus thoni was observed in one of the studied populations. Demographic analysis showed that the demography of H. scutarensis population has been stable, without evidence of expansion. Thus, we believe that H. scutarensis, responsive to environmental changes, is a proper model mirroring the conditions in sensitive habitats of the Lake Skadar basin. To protect ongoing evolutionary processes, the conservation measures for this species should take into account the complex fine-scale lineage endemism patterns. This case study may also provide a hint for planning conservation strategies in other geologically old spring systems. Most of the localities where H. scutarensis occurs provide refugia for divergent mtDNA lineages, suggesting prolonged isolation between sites and independent evolutionary histories. We conclude that H. scutarensis is composed of two or three conservation units. One of them occupies the headwaters of the Crnojevica River and spring in its valley. The other is widespread throughout the sub-lacustrine springs and the Zeta Plain; however, a group of unique haplotypes is found in springs in the Podhum Bay. Their presence and distribution should be considered while planning any investments or conservation strategies. C1 [Jablonska, Aleksandra; Wrzesinska, Weronika; Grabowski, Michal] Univ Lodz, Dept Invertebrate Zool & Hydrobiol, Banacha 12-16, PL-90237 Lodz, Poland. [Zawal, Andrzej] Univ Szczecin, Ctr Mol Biol & Biotechnol, Dept Invertebrate Zool & Limnol, Szczecin, Poland. [Pesic, Vladimir] Univ Montenegro, Dept Biol, Podgorica, Montenegro. RP Grabowski, M (reprint author), Univ Lodz, Dept Invertebrate Zool & Hydrobiol, Banacha 12-16, PL-90237 Lodz, Poland. EM michal.grabowski@biol.uni.lodz.pl RI Grabowski, Michal/K-1016-2012 OI Grabowski, Michal/0000-0002-4551-3454 NR 100 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0046-5070 EI 1365-2427 J9 FRESHWATER BIOL JI Freshw. Biol. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 65 IS 2 BP 209 EP 225 DI 10.1111/fwb.13414 PG 17 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA KA6QK UT WOS:000505921100004 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Liu, XJ Wu, RW Chen, X Zhou, Y Yang, LM Ouyang, S Wu, XP AF Liu, Xiongjun Wu, Ruiwen Chen, Xu Zhou, Yu Yang, Limin Ouyang, Shan Wu, Xiaoping TI Effects of dams and their environmental impacts on the genetic diversity and connectivity of freshwater mussel populations in Poyang Lake Basin, China SO FRESHWATER BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE biodiversity; freshwater bivalves; habitat fragmentation; Nodularia douglasiae; Unionoida ID MICROSATELLITE NULL ALLELES; QUADRULA-QUADRULA; DISSOLVED-OXYGEN; CLIMATE-CHANGE; BIVALVIA; SOFTWARE; CONSERVATION; INFERENCE; UNIONOIDA; UNIONIDAE AB Habitat fragmentation is one of the main threats to biodiversity. Barriers to dispersal caused by anthropogenic habitat alteration may affect phylogeographic patterns in freshwater mussels. Knowledge of the phylogenetic and phylogeographic patterns of unionoids is vital to inform protection of their biodiversity. Here, we assessed influences of dams and their environmental effects on the genetic diversity and population connectivity of a broadly distributed freshwater mussel, Nodularia douglasiae, in Poyang Lake Basin. The results showed high genetic diversity in areas without dams and low genetic diversity in areas with dams. High genetic differentiation and low gene flow were found among the 11 populations. Genetic variation was significantly correlated with dissolved oxygen levels. The observation of low genetic diversity in populations separated by dams indicated that those populations were subjected to genetic erosion and demographic decline because they are disconnected from other populations with higher diversity. High genetic differentiation and low gene flow among the 11 populations could be correlated with anthropogenic habitat alteration. These results indicated that anthropogenic habitat alterations have led to the decline in freshwater mussel diversity. Therefore, we recommend maintaining favourable habitat conditions and connectivity of rivers or lakes, and strengthening study of life histories with host-test experiments to identify potential host fish species to strengthen the knowledge base underpinning freshwater mussel conservation. C1 [Liu, Xiongjun; Wu, Xiaoping] Nanchang Univ, Sch Resource Environm & Chem Engn, Minist Educ, Key Lab Poyang Lake Environm & Resource Utilizat, Nanchang 330031, Jiangxi, Peoples R China. [Liu, Xiongjun; Wu, Xiaoping] Nanchang Univ, Sch Resource Environm & Chem Engn, Nanchang, Jiangxi, Peoples R China. [Wu, Ruiwen; Chen, Xu; Zhou, Yu; Yang, Limin; Ouyang, Shan; Wu, Xiaoping] Nanchang Univ, Sch Life Sci, Nanchang, Jiangxi, Peoples R China. RP Liu, XJ (reprint author), Nanchang Univ, Sch Resource Environm & Chem Engn, Minist Educ, Key Lab Poyang Lake Environm & Resource Utilizat, Nanchang 330031, Jiangxi, Peoples R China. EM xpwu@ncu.edu.cn NR 90 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 12 U2 12 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0046-5070 EI 1365-2427 J9 FRESHWATER BIOL JI Freshw. Biol. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 65 IS 2 BP 264 EP 277 DI 10.1111/fwb.13419 PG 14 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA KA6QK UT WOS:000505921100008 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Cerca, J Meyer, C Purschke, G Struck, TH AF Cerca, Jose Meyer, Christian Purschke, Guenter Struck, Torsten H. TI Delimitation of cryptic species drastically reduces the geographical ranges of marine interstitial ghost-worms (Stygocapitella; Annelida, Sedentaria) SO MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Sibling species; Biogeography; Marine connectivity; Phylogenetics; Distribution range; Dispersal ID SUBTERRANEA ANNELIDA; MOLECULAR EVOLUTION; COMPLEX; PARERGODRILIDAE; STASIS; DNA; ULTRASTRUCTURE; PROGENESIS; BOUNDARIES; PHYLOGENY AB The recognition of cryptic species concealed in traditionally established species may reveal new biogeographical patterns and alter the understanding of how biodiversity is geographically distributed. This is particularly relevant for marine ecosystems where the incidence of cryptic species is high and where species distribution data are often challenging to collect and interpret. Here, we studied specimens of the 'cosmopolitan' interstitial meiofaunal annelid Stygocapitella subterranea Knollner, 1934 (Parergodrilidae, Orbiniida), obtaining data from four coastlines in the Northern hemisphere. Using phylogenetic tools and several species-delimitation methods (haplotype networks, GMYC, bPTP, maximum likelihood, posterior probability and morphology) we describe eight new Stygocapitella species. With one exception, all species are present along a single coastline, ultimately challenging the idea that Stygocapitella subterranea has a cosmopolitan distribution. We found evidence for several oceanic transitions having occurred in the past as well as a recent translocation, potentially due to human activity. No diagnostic characters were found, and qualitative and quantitative morphological data do not allow an unequivocal differentiation of the identified cryptic species. This suggests that (i) neither traditional diagnostic features nor quantitative morphology suffice to recognise species boundaries in cryptic species complexes, such as the Stygocapitella species complex; and that (ii) the recognition and description of cryptic species is of seminal importance for biodiversity assessments, biogeography and evolutionary biology. C1 [Cerca, Jose; Struck, Torsten H.] Univ Oslo, Nat Hist Museum, Frontiers Evolutionary Zool Res Grp, N-0562 Oslo, Norway. [Meyer, Christian; Purschke, Guenter] Univ Osnabruck, Dept Biol & Chem, Zool & Dev Biol, Barbarastr 11, D-49069 Osnabruck, Germany. RP Cerca, J (reprint author), Univ Oslo, Nat Hist Museum, Frontiers Evolutionary Zool Res Grp, N-0562 Oslo, Norway. EM jose.cerca@gmail.com FU Ragen Award from Friday Harbor Laboratories; Den Grevelige Hjelmstjerne-Rosencroneske Stiftelse ved UiOslo; FORBIO -Research school in biosystematics; ASSEMBLE project, an EU FP7 research infrastructure initiative; SIU; [NN9408K]; [NS9408K] FX JC is grateful to Gustav Paulay, Claudia E. Mills, Bernadette Holthuis and Tim Miller for field site suggestions in the USA. JC is thankful to Tim Worsfold, Andy Mackie, Henning Reiss, Lis Jorgensen for laboratory space in the UK and Norway. JC and THS are grateful to Vasily Radashevsky for hosting us in Russia, and to Nataliya Budaeva for support in obtaining Russian VISAs and funding. JC was partly funded by the Ragen Award from Friday Harbor Laboratories, and Den Grevelige Hjelmstjerne-Rosencroneske Stiftelse ved UiOslo. Funding from FORBIO -Research school in biosystematics (JC) was seminal to obtain photographs as part of a visit to Osnabruck. Funding from the ASSEMBLE project, an EU FP7 research infrastructure initiative, funded the collecting trip to Scotland (THS). JC and THS were partly supported by the SIU-funded MEDUSA project (Multidisciplinary EDUcation and reSearch in mArine biology in Norway and Russia). We acknowledge the use of the Norwegian national e-infrastructure for high-performance computing and storage via the projects NN9408K and NS9408K, respectively. The authors would like to thank two anonymous reviewers for their comments, which have substantially improved a previous version of this manuscript. This is NHM Evolutionary Genomics lab contribution nr 15. NR 90 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1055-7903 EI 1095-9513 J9 MOL PHYLOGENET EVOL JI Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 143 AR 106663 DI 10.1016/j.ympev.2019.106663 PG 16 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA KB0XE UT WOS:000506225200005 PM 31669400 OA Other Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Dong, F Hung, CM Yang, XJ AF Dong, Feng Hung, Chih-Ming Yang, Xiao-Jun TI Secondary contact after allopatric divergence explains avian speciation and high species diversity in the Himalayan-Hengduan Mountains SO MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Multilocus coalescence; Pleistocene climate change; Approximate Bayesian computation; Biodiversity hotspot; Allopatric speciation ID CHAIN MONTE-CARLO; APPROXIMATE BAYESIAN COMPUTATION; SYMPATRIC SPECIATION; GENE FLOW; MODEL SELECTION; BIODIVERSITY HOTSPOTS; EVOLUTION; DIVERSIFICATION; PHYLOGENETICS; LIKELIHOOD AB The geographical context of speciation is important for understanding speciation and community assembly. However, the predominant mode of speciation in the Himalayan-Hengduan Mountains (HHMs), a global biodiversity hotspot, remains unknown. Here, we examined the role of geography in speciation using four pairs of sister or closely related avian species that currently co-occur in the HHMs. While multilocus network analyses based on nine to eleven genes revealed deep splits between these species, several allelic networks based on individual loci suggested phylogenetic paraphyly implying a recent history of divergence. Following extensive sampling in the contact zones of these species pairs, the coalescence-based approximate Bayesian computation approach supported no gene flow during their divergence and was consistent with an allopatric speciation model. We further estimated the divergence times of the four species pairs during the middle and late Pleistocene, which were characterized by increased amplitudes of glacial variability. We found a positive relationship between their divergence times and current sympatry levels, supporting a scenario of secondary contact following allopatric speciation. The Pleistocene glacial-interglacial cycles may have led to the initial geographic population isolation; ecological divergence or mate choice might further accelerate their differentiation during secondary contact, facilitating their speciation and species accumulation in the mountainous landscape. Our findings reveal the critical role of geographic isolation in speciation in the HHMs and shed light on how this biodiversity hotspot aggregates numerous species. C1 [Dong, Feng; Yang, Xiao-Jun] Chinese Acad Sci, Kunming Inst Zool, State Key Lab Genet Resources & Evolut, Kunming 650223, Yunnan, Peoples R China. [Hung, Chih-Ming] Acad Sinica, Biodivers Res Ctr, Taipei 115, Taiwan. RP Yang, XJ (reprint author), 32 Jiaochang Donglu Rd, Kunming, Yunnan, Peoples R China.; Hung, CM (reprint author), 128 Acad Rd Sec 2, Taipei, Taiwan. EM cmhung@gate.sinica.edu.tw; yangxj@mail.kiz.ac.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [31772437, 31540092]; Yunnan Applied Basic Research Project [2016FA043]; Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDA20050202] FX We would like to thank three anonymous reviewers and Dr. G.S. Cabanne for their valuable suggestions on the previous versions of this manuscript. This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31772437 and 31540092), the Yunnan Applied Basic Research Project (2016FA043), and the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDA20050202). All specimen collections and laboratory work were carried out under a license (No. SMKX2018027) provided by the Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. NR 92 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1055-7903 EI 1095-9513 J9 MOL PHYLOGENET EVOL JI Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 143 AR 106671 DI 10.1016/j.ympev.2019.106671 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA KB0XE UT WOS:000506225200012 PM 31707139 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Kou, Q Meland, K Li, XZ He, LS Wang, Y AF Kou, Qi Meland, Kenneth Li, Xinzheng He, Lisheng Wang, Yong TI "Unicorn from Hades", a new genus of Mysidae (Malacostraca: Mysida) from the Mariana Trench, with a systematic analysis of the deep-sea mysids SO MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Hadal zone; Biodiversity; Taxonomy; Divergence time estimations; Deep-sea colonization; Parallel evolution ID CRUSTACEA MYSIDA; MASS EXTINCTION; PATTERNS; PETALOPHTHALMIDAE; LOPHOGASTRIDA; COLONIZATION; PRODUCTIVITY; EVOLUTIONARY; PERACARIDA; ARTHROPODS AB Since the 19th century, oceanic explorations have confirmed that the hadal zone (water depth > 6000 m) is not lifeless, but contains many fascinating organisms. Amongst them are the Mysida, which is a group of crustaceans found in many deep-sea trenches. Based on morphological observations and molecular phylogenetic analyses of an undescribed taxon within the subfamily Erythropinae, a new genus of deep-sea mysids, Xenomysis gen. n., is described from the Challenger Deep in the Mariana Trench. The new genus is not assigned to any of the tribes within the Erythropinae, as our analyses do not support the current classification scheme of Erythropinae. The result of a molecular-clock analysis with fossil calibration reveals that several groups of Mysida have independently colonized deep water habitats in different geological periods, from Triassic to Cretaceous. In addition, ancestral state reconstruction analyses indicate the degenerate eyes in both Mysidae and Petalophthalmidae is a result of parallel evolution, and the reduction of compound eyes to both "single fused eyeplate" and "two separate eyeplates" occurred multiple times independently in the evolution of Erythropinae. C1 [Kou, Qi; Li, Xinzheng] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Oceanol, Dept Marine Organism Taxon & Phylogeny, 7 Nanhai Rd, Qingdao 266071, Peoples R China. [Kou, Qi; Li, Xinzheng] Chinese Acad Sci, Ctr Ocean Megasci, 7 Nanhai Rd, Qingdao 266071, Peoples R China. [Kou, Qi; Li, Xinzheng] Qingdao Natl Lab Marine Sci & Technol, Lab Marine Biol & Biotechnol, 1 Wenhai Rd, Qingdao 266237, Peoples R China. [Kou, Qi; Li, Xinzheng] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, 19 Yuquan Rd, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China. [Meland, Kenneth] Univ Bergen, Dept Biol Sci, POB 7800, N-5020 Bergen, Norway. [He, Lisheng; Wang, Yong] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Deep Sea Sci & Engn, Dept Life Sci, 28 Luhuitou Rd, Sanya 572000, Peoples R China. RP Li, XZ (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Oceanol, Dept Marine Organism Taxon & Phylogeny, 7 Nanhai Rd, Qingdao 266071, Peoples R China. EM lixzh@qdio.ac.cn FU National Key R&D Program of China [2018YFC0309804]; China Ocean Mineral Resources Research and Development Association Program [DY135-E2-3-04] FX This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2018YFC0309804) and China Ocean Mineral Resources Research and Development Association Program (DY135-E2-3-04). Great thanks are given to the crews of the R/V "Tansuo 1" for their help in sampling with the deep-sea landers during the cruise. Sincere thanks are extended to Dr. Dong Dong (Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao) and Dr. Peng Xu (Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources of the People's Republic of China, Hangzhou) for the help with sorting and photographing the specimen. Thanks are also due to two anonymous reviewers of the manuscript for their valuable comments. NR 77 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 12 U2 12 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1055-7903 EI 1095-9513 J9 MOL PHYLOGENET EVOL JI Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 143 AR 106666 DI 10.1016/j.ympev.2019.106666 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA KB0XE UT WOS:000506225200008 PM 31669817 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Guilbaud, CSE Khudr, MS AF Guilbaud, C. S. E. Khudr, M. S. TI Disturbance and competition drive diversity effects in cabbage-aphid-onion systems with intra-specific genetic variation SO BULLETIN OF ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE genetic variability; competition; intercropping; disturbance ID ECO-EVOLUTIONARY DYNAMICS; PEA APHID; INSECT; BIODIVERSITY; COMMUNITY; ROOT; PRODUCTIVITY; RESISTANCE; GROWTH; YIELD AB Decreased reliance on pesticides can be achieved through a clever use of eco-evolutionary knowledge via intercropping economically valuable crops with companion plants that can hamper pest outbreaks. We created a greenhouse multi-layered microcosm system to test two potato peach aphid clones, performing alone or in competition, on mixes of genetically variable cultivars of cabbage, with and without onion. The onion acted as a nuisance/disturbance for the pest, which was generally for the benefit of the cabbage albeit both plants sharing space and nutrients. The onion effect was context-specific and differed by aphid genotype. Onion variable nuisance negatively affected the numbers of one aphid genotype (green) across all contexts, while the other genotype (pink) numbers were decreased in two contexts only. However, the green performed better than the pink on all cases of cabbage di-mixes despite its numbers being capped when the onion was present. Further, there was also a general aphid propensity to wander off the plant along with a differential production of winged morphs to escape the onion-affected environments. Moreover, through a comparative increase in dry mass, which was subject to onion and aphid effects, a diversity effect was found where the cabbages of fully genetically variable microcosms sustained similar final dry mass compared with non-infested microcosms. Our findings provide fresh insights into the use of multi-layered contextual designs that not only allow disentangling the relative effects of genetic variation and modes of interaction, but also help integrate their benefits into pest management in view of companion planting. C1 [Guilbaud, C. S. E.] Free Univ Berlin, Inst Biol, Konigin Luise Str 1-3, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. [Khudr, M. S.] Univ Manchester, Fac Biol Med & Hlth, Michael Smith Bldg, Manchester M13 9PT, Lancs, England. RP Guilbaud, CSE (reprint author), Free Univ Berlin, Inst Biol, Konigin Luise Str 1-3, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. EM camille.goilbaud@protonmail.ch FU Freie Universitat Berlin FX We are thankful to Dr Inga Mewis (JKI, Berlin, Germany) and Dr Sacha Eilmus (Bayer(C), Monheim, Germany) for providing the initial samples of the aphids reared and used in this study. We would like to extend our sincere gratitude to Prof Dr Susanne Wurst for hosting the experimental work at the Freie Universitat Berlin and for providing support and very useful constructive criticism. Our thanks also go to Dr Conrad Schitcko for his insights on a preliminary version of the analytical approach. MSK is truly grateful to Dr Reinmar Hager for his insightful advice and for hosting MSK during the analysis and production of the article. The onion image used in figs 2-4 was adapted from an icon made by Freepik from flaticon.com. This work was funded by the Freie Universitat Berlin for MSK. NR 88 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 14 U2 15 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 0007-4853 EI 1475-2670 J9 B ENTOMOL RES JI Bull. Entomol. Res. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 110 IS 1 BP 123 EP 135 AR PII S0007485319000373 DI 10.1017/S0007485319000373 PG 13 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA KA5GB UT WOS:000505825100013 PM 31190661 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Chiang, CC Meyer, DM Meyer, BC Agrawal, K Modir, R AF Chiang, Chia-Chun Meyer, Dawn M. Meyer, Brett C. Agrawal, Kunal Modir, Royya TI RAcial Disparities in Ich after IV-tPA and Neurointerventional Treatment (RADIANT) SO JOURNAL OF STROKE & CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Intracerebral hemorrhage; racial disparities; ethnicity; mechanical; thrombectomy; IV-tPA ID ACUTE ISCHEMIC-STROKE; TISSUE-PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR; HEALTH-CARE PROFESSIONALS; MANAGEMENT; RISK AB Objective: To study the rate of symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (SxICH) and major systemic hemorrhage (MSH) after acute stroke treatments among different ethnicities/races. Background: Studies have reported ethnic/racial disparities in intravenous tPA treatment (IV tPA). The adverse outcome of tPA and/or intra-arterial intervention (IA) among different ethnicities/races requires investigation. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed all patients from an IRB-approved registry between June 2004 and June 2018. Patients who received IV tPA, IA, or both for acute stroke were identified and classified into 2 ethnic groups: non-Hispanics or Hispanics (NH/H) and 4 racial groups: Asian, Black, Other (Native Americans and Pacific Islanders), and White (A/B/O/W). Results: We identified 916 patients that received acute therapy (A/B/O/W: n = 50/104/16/746, H/NH: n = 184/730). For those received IV tPA only (n = 759), IA only (n = 85), and IV tPA+IA (n = 72), the SxICH rate was 4.3%, 4.7%, and 6.9%; the MSH rate was 1.3%, 0%, and 0%, respectively. No significant difference in the rate of SxICH or MSH among different racial or ethnic groups was found after either therapy. Asian race (OR 14.17, P=.01), in association with age, international normalized value (INR), and Partial thromboplastin time (PTT) (OR 1.06, 46.52, and 1.18, P=.020, 0.037, and 0.042, respectively), was predictive of SxICH after IV tPA. There was a significant correlation between age and National Institute of Health Stroke Scale with SxICH (P<.01, P=.02, respectively). Age, INR, and PTT were independent predictors of SxICH after IV tPA (OR 1.06, 46.52, and 1.18, P=.02, 0.04, and 0.04, respectively). Conclusions: There was no significant difference in the rate of SxICH or MSH after IV tPA, IA, or IV tPA+IA among different racial or ethnic groups. Larger studies are needed to elucidate the race specific causes of SxICH and MSH after acute stroke treatment. C1 [Chiang, Chia-Chun; Meyer, Dawn M.; Meyer, Brett C.; Agrawal, Kunal; Modir, Royya] Univ Calif San Diego, Stroke Ctr, Dept Neurosci, MON 3rd Floor,Suite 3,200 West Arbor Dr, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. RP Chiang, CC (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Stroke Ctr, Dept Neurosci, MON 3rd Floor,Suite 3,200 West Arbor Dr, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. EM jiajin516@gmail.com FU StrokeNet [U24NS107225]; SPOTRIAS [P50N5044148] FX StrokeNet U24NS107225, SPOTRIAS P50N5044148. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1052-3057 EI 1532-8511 J9 J STROKE CEREBROVASC JI J. Stroke Cerebrovasc. Dis. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 29 IS 2 AR 104474 DI 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2019.104474 PG 4 WC Neurosciences; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA KA4UZ UT WOS:000505793800041 PM 31784381 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Garcia, RM Prabhakaran, S Richards, CT Naidech, AM Maas, MB AF Garcia, Roxanna M. Prabhakaran, Shyam Richards, Christopher T. Naidech, Andrew M. Maas, Matthew B. TI Race, Socioeconomic Status, and Gastrostomy after Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage SO JOURNAL OF STROKE & CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Healthcare disparities; minority health; stroke; intracerebral hemorrhage; socioeconomic position ID PERCUTANEOUS ENDOSCOPIC GASTROSTOMY; DECISION-MAKING; END; LIFE; CARE; PREFERENCES AB Introduction: Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage is a disabling form of stroke, and some patients will require nutritional interventions for dysphagia. We sought to determine if socioeconomic status indicators mediate whether minorities undergo gastrostomy tube placement. Materials and Methods: Patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage were enrolled in a single center, observational cohort study from 2010 to 2017. A socioeconomic index score was imputed using neighborhood characteristics by patients' ZIP code, according to an established method utilizing 6 indicators of wealth/income, education, and occupation. Multivariable logistic regression models were generated and stratified by racial/ethnic groups to determine the association of socioeconomic status with gastrostomy tube placement. Results: Among 512 patients, 93 (18.2%) underwent gastrostomy tube placement. There were 245 Whites, 220 Blacks, and 47 Hispanic. Blacks underwent the highest percentage of gastrostomy placement (22.7%), and Whites had the lowest percentage (13.5%). Among patients with gastrostomy, Blacks and Hispanics had lowest median socioeconomic index (-2.1 [IQR: -3.0, .7];.7 [IQR: -1.6, 2.9], respectively, P < .001). Increasing intracerebral hemorrhage score was correlated with higher odds of gastrostomy across all groups (P values -.01) but only Hispanics had reduced adjusted odds of gastrostomy with increasing socioeconomic index (OR .56; 95%.33-.84; P = .01). Discussion: Racial/ethnic minorities had lower socioeconomic index and underwent more gastrostomy placement. Socioeconomic index was independently associated with gastrostomy only in Hispanics, in whom the odds of gastrostomy decreased with increasing socioeconomic index. Summary & Conclusion: Differences in utilization of gastrostomy were evident among minorities, and socioeconomic status may mediate this relationship among Hispanics. C1 [Garcia, Roxanna M.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Neurosurg, 676 N St Clair,NMH Arkes Family Pavil Suite 2210, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. [Garcia, Roxanna M.; Richards, Christopher T.; Naidech, Andrew M.; Maas, Matthew B.] Northwestern Univ, Ctr Healthcare Studies, Inst Publ Hlth & Med IPHAM, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. [Prabhakaran, Shyam] Univ Chicago, Dept Neurol, 5841 S Maryland Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Richards, Christopher T.] Northwestern Feinberg Sch Med, Dept Emergency Med, Chicago, IL USA. [Naidech, Andrew M.; Maas, Matthew B.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Neurol, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. [Prabhakaran, Shyam] Univ Chicago, Biol Sci, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Richards, Christopher T.] Chicago EMS Illinois Reg XI EMS Cent Syst, Chicago, IL USA. [Naidech, Andrew M.] McGaw Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Chicago, IL USA. [Naidech, Andrew M.] McGaw Sch Med, Dept Anesthesiol, Chicago, IL USA. [Naidech, Andrew M.] McGaw Sch Med, Dept Med Social Sci, Chicago, IL USA. [Naidech, Andrew M.] McGaw Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Chicago, IL USA. [Naidech, Andrew M.] McGaw Sch Med, Dept Hlth & Biomed Informat, Chicago, IL USA. [Maas, Matthew B.] McGaw Sch Med, Chicago, IL USA. RP Garcia, RM (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Neurosurg, 676 N St Clair,NMH Arkes Family Pavil Suite 2210, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. EM roxanna.garcia@northwestern.edu OI Garcia, Roxanna/0000-0002-4083-9893; Richards, Christopher/0000-0003-3728-3860 FU Agency for Healthcare Research and QualityUnited States Department of Health & Human ServicesAgency for Healthcare Research & Quality [K18 HS023437]; National Institutes of HealthUnited States Department of Health & Human ServicesNational Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA [K23 NS092975]; National Institutes of HealthUnited States Department of Health & Human ServicesNational Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; StrokeNet [U24 NS107233-01] FX Dr. Naidech receives support from Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality grant K18 HS023437. Dr. Maas receives support from National Institutes of Health grants K23 NS092975. Dr. Garcia serves as the StrokeNet Research fellow under grant U24 NS107233-01. Research reported in this publication was supported by the National Institutes of Health. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1052-3057 EI 1532-8511 J9 J STROKE CEREBROVASC JI J. Stroke Cerebrovasc. Dis. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 29 IS 2 AR 104567 DI 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2019.104567 PG 8 WC Neurosciences; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA KA4UZ UT WOS:000505793800040 PM 31839544 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Hunold, C AF Hunold, Christian TI Urban Greening and Human-Wildlife Relations in Philadelphia: From Animal Control to Multispecies Coexistence? SO ENVIRONMENTAL VALUES LA English DT Article DE Urban greening; green infrastructure; urban wildlife; human-wildlife relations; urban conservation ID INFRASTRUCTURE; BIODIVERSITY; GENTRIFICATION; CHALLENGES; EXCLUSION; CONFLICTS; JUSTICE; CITIES; SPACE; PARKS AB City-scale urban greening is expanding wildlife habitat in previously less hospitable urban areas. Does this transformation also prompt a reckoning with the longstanding idea that cities are places intended to satisfy primarily human needs? I pose this question in the context of one of North America's most ambitious green infrastructure programmes to manage urban runoff: Philadelphia's Green City, Clean Waters. Given that the city's green infrastructure plans have little to say about wildlife, I investigate how wild animals fit into urban greening professionals' conceptions of the urban. 1 argue that practitioners relate to urban wildlife via three distinctive frames: 1) animal control, 2) public health and 3) biodiversity, and explore the implications of each for peaceful human- wildlife coexistence in 'greened' cities. C1 [Hunold, Christian] Drexel Univ, Dept Polit, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Hunold, C (reprint author), Drexel Univ, Dept Polit, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM hunoldc@drexel.edu FU Drexel University FX I am very grateful to the urban greening professionals who gave so generously of their time to satisfy my curiosity about urban wildlife, to my wonderful research assistants Amina Fong, Eliza Nobles and Morgan Sarao, to Jen Britton, Bernard Brown and Ali Kenner for providing invaluable feedback on an earlier draft of this manuscript and to Drexel University for supporting this project with a Faculty Summer Research Award. NR 62 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 14 U2 14 PU WHITE HORSE PRESS PI ISLE OF HARRIS PA 1 STROND, ISLE OF HARRIS HS5 3UD, ENGLAND SN 0963-2719 EI 1752-7015 J9 ENVIRON VALUE JI Environ. Values PD FEB PY 2020 VL 29 IS 1 BP 67 EP 87 DI 10.3197/096327119X15678473650901 PG 21 WC Ethics; Environmental Studies SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KA1VP UT WOS:000505587200005 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Li, K Greenberg, J Dunic, J AF Li, Kai Greenberg, Jane Dunic, Jillian TI Data objects and documenting scientific processes: An analysis of data events in biodiversity data papers SO JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR INFORMATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DATA CURATION; METADATA; SCIENCE; PUBLICATION; INFORMATION; KNOWLEDGE; DESIGN AB The data paper, an emerging scholarly genre, describes research data sets and is intended to bridge the gap between the publication of research data and scientific articles. Research examining how data papers report data events, such as data transactions and manipulations, is limited. The research reported on in this article addresses this limitation and investigated how data events are inscribed in data papers. A content analysis was conducted examining the full texts of 82 data papers, drawn from the curated list of data papers connected to the Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Data events recorded for each paper were organized into a set of 17 categories. Many of these categories are described together in the same sentence, which indicates the messiness of data events in the laboratory space. The findings challenge the degrees to which data papers are a distinct genre compared to research articles and they describe data-centric research processes in a through way. This article also discusses how our results could inform a better data publication ecosystem in the future. C1 [Li, Kai; Greenberg, Jane] Drexel Univ, Coll Comp & Informat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Dunic, Jillian] Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Burnaby, BC, Canada. RP Li, K (reprint author), Drexel Univ, Coll Comp & Informat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM kl696@drexel.edu; jg3243@drexel.edu; jdunic@sfu.ca RI Li, Kai/N-3209-2013 OI Li, Kai/0000-0002-7264-365X FU Alfred P. Sloan FoundationAlfred P. Sloan Foundation [G-2014-13746] FX The project is part of the RDA/US Data Share fellowship sponsored through a grant from the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation #G-2014-13746. NR 75 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2330-1635 EI 2330-1643 J9 J ASSOC INF SCI TECH PD FEB PY 2020 VL 71 IS 2 BP 172 EP 182 DI 10.1002/asi.24226 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Information Science & Library Science SC Computer Science; Information Science & Library Science GA JZ7GB UT WOS:000505275600004 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Mor?n-L?pez, T Esp?ndola, WD Vizzachero, BS Fontanella, A Salinas, L Arana, C Amico, G Pizo, MA Carlo, TA Morales, JM AF Moran-Lopez, Teresa Espindola, Walter D. Vizzachero, Benjamin S. Fontanella, Antonio Salinas, Letty Arana, Cesar Amico, Guillermo Pizo, Marco A. Carlo, Tomas A. Morales, Juan M. TI Can network metrics predict vulnerability and species roles in bird-dispersed plant communities? Not without behaviour SO ECOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Extinctions; networks; plant-frugivore assemblages; rewiring; seed rain ID ANIMAL MUTUALISTIC NETWORKS; SEED DISPERSAL; COEVOLUTIONARY NETWORKS; POLLINATION NETWORKS; ROBUSTNESS; BIODIVERSITY; ARCHITECTURE; FRUGIVORES; MODEL AB Network metrics are widely used to infer the roles of mutualistic animals in plant communities and to predict the effect of species' loss. However, their empirical validation is scarce. Here we parameterized a joint species model of frugivory and seed dispersal with bird movement and foraging data from tropical and temperate communities. With this model, we investigate the effect of frugivore loss on seed rain, and compare our predictions to those of standard coextinction models and network metrics. Topological coextinction models underestimated species loss after the removal of highly linked frugivores with unique foraging behaviours. Network metrics informed about changes in seed rain quantity after frugivore loss. However, changes in seed rain composition were only predicted by partner diversity. Nestedness, closeness, and d' specialisation could not anticipate the effects of rearrangements in plant-frugivore communities following species loss. Accounting for behavioural differences among mutualists is critical to improve predictions from network models. C1 [Moran-Lopez, Teresa; Amico, Guillermo; Morales, Juan M.] Univ Nacl Comahue, CONICET, Grp Ecol Cuantitat, INIBIOMA, RA-1250 San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina. [Espindola, Walter D.; Vizzachero, Benjamin S.; Carlo, Tomas A.] Penn State Univ, Dept Biol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Espindola, Walter D.; Vizzachero, Benjamin S.; Carlo, Tomas A.] Penn State Univ, Ecol Program, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Espindola, Walter D.; Salinas, Letty; Arana, Cesar; Carlo, Tomas A.] Univ Nacl Mayor San Marcos, Museo Hist Nat, Lima, Peru. [Fontanella, Antonio; Pizo, Marco A.] Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Biociencias, Dept Zool Rio Claro, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. RP Mor?n-L?pez, T (reprint author), Univ Nacl Comahue, CONICET, Grp Ecol Cuantitat, INIBIOMA, RA-1250 San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina. EM tmoranlopez@gmail.com OI Salinas, Letty/0000-0003-1002-595X FU CNPqNational Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq); CONICETConsejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET); National Science Foundation (NSF)National Science Foundation (NSF) [DEB- 1556719]; Universidade Estadual Paulista; University of Puerto Rico; Penn NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1461-023X EI 1461-0248 J9 ECOL LETT JI Ecol. Lett. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 23 IS 2 BP 348 EP 358 DI 10.1111/ele.13439 PG 11 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA JZ7PG UT WOS:000505299500014 PM 31814305 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Linquist, S AF Linquist, Stefan TI Two (and a half) arguments for conserving biodiversity on aesthetic grounds SO BIOLOGY & PHILOSOPHY LA English DT Article DE Environmental aesthetics; Biodiversity; Conservation; Scientific cognitivism; Defending biodiversity AB Defending Biodiversity exposes various weaknesses in recent scientific and ethical defenses of species and ecosystem conservation in the hope that those arguments can be improved upon. Jennifer Welchman's critical review of our book embraces this challenge, focusing specifically on our discussion of aesthetic value. We argue that the best available defense of conservation on aesthetic grounds involves an analogy to great works of art. Welchman is sensitive to certain limitations in this approach. She is more sympathetic with the scientific cognitivist position that every species possesses aesthetic value in virtue of having a unique scientific description. Normatively, she appeals to the welfare of future generations, and the role that aesthetic experiences could play in human flourishing, to defend the conservation of biodiversity. In this essay I expose some ontological and practical problems with scientific cognitivism. Moreover, the appeal to future flourishing cannot justify biodiversity conservation because people's aesthetic appetites are more efficiently supplied by human artistic traditions (music, film, photography, and the like.) The argument from analogy to artwork thus stands as the best available justification for conserving at least some species and perhaps certain ecosystems on aesthetic grounds alone. C1 [Linquist, Stefan] Univ Guelph, Dept Philosophy, Guelph, ON, Canada. RP Linquist, S (reprint author), Univ Guelph, Dept Philosophy, Guelph, ON, Canada. EM linquist@uoguelph.ca NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-3867 EI 1572-8404 J9 BIOL PHILOS JI Biol. Philos. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 35 IS 1 AR 6 DI 10.1007/s10539-019-9726-7 PG 9 WC History & Philosophy Of Science SC History & Philosophy of Science GA JY2RK UT WOS:000504267700001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Furumo, PR Rueda, X Rodriguez, JS Ramos, IKP AF Furumo, Paul R. Rueda, Ximena Sebastian Rodriguez, Juan Ramos, Isabel Katsi Pares TI Field evidence for positive certification outcomes on oil palm smallholder management practices in Colombia SO JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION LA English DT Article DE High conservation value area; Organic agriculture; RSPO; Smallholder inclusion; Supply chain governance; Voluntary certification schemes ID SUSTAINABILITY STANDARDS; PRIVATE STANDARDS; ECO-CERTIFICATION; ROUND-TABLE; COFFEE; BIODIVERSITY; CONSERVATION; AGRICULTURE; ADOPTION; FARMERS AB The globalization of food systems has created new challenges for sustainability governance. Voluntary certification schemes, or eco-labels, have emerged as the primary mechanism to improve production practices in complex commodity supply chains. However promising, these programs are difficult to assess in practice, and evidence of their effectiveness is mixed. In the oil palm sector, the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO) has become the standard for sustainable production but there has been no evaluation of whether certification actually improves social and environmental practices on farms. To our knowledge, this study provides the first farm-level assessment of certification programs in the oil palm sector by focusing on RSPO and Organic (IFOAM) certified smallholders in Magdalena, Colombia. We conducted field surveys to evaluate management practices using a case-control pair-wise matching approach and non-parametric tests to assess outcome variables between certified and non-certified groups. We found evidence for better environmental practices among certified producers including the substitution of synthetic fertilizers with organics, less agrochemical use, and larger areas of farms being set-aside for conservation. Socio-economic outcomes were mixed, with certified producers paying higher wages, but employing fewer workers due to lower yields. Price premiums were an important motivation for smallholders to both join and remain in certification schemes. In the degraded oil palm landscapes of Colombia and elsewhere in Latin America, certification standards could be improved by including provisions for increased habitat restoration on plantations and smallholder plots. We find that certification is making progress but is not a panacea for transforming the industry. Going forward, new strategies should be sought in tandem with certification to overcome smallholder informality, enhance inclusion, and capture more value in sustainable supply chains. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Furumo, Paul R.] Univ Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00936 USA. [Rueda, Ximena; Sebastian Rodriguez, Juan] Univ Los Andes, Bogota, Colombia. [Ramos, Isabel Katsi Pares] US Forest Serv, Int Inst Trop Forestry, San Juan, PR USA. [Furumo, Paul R.] Stanford Univ, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Furumo, PR (reprint author), Ave Dr Jose N Gandara, San Juan, PR 00931 USA.; Furumo, PR (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM pfurumo@stanford.edu; x.rueda@uniandes.edu.co; juanrodriguezcabra@gmail.com; ik.pares@gmail.com FU National Geographic SocietyNational Geographic Society [CP-093R-17]; Rufford Foundation [18295-1]; University of Puerto Rico-Rio Piedras; Universidad de Los Andes FX Field work was carried out with financial support from the National Geographic Society (grant #CP-093R-17) and the Rufford Foundation (grant #18295-1), as well as financial and institutional support from the University of Puerto Rico-Rio Piedras and Universidad de Los Andes. NR 89 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 14 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0959-6526 EI 1879-1786 J9 J CLEAN PROD JI J. Clean Prod. PD FEB 1 PY 2020 VL 245 AR 118891 DI 10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.118891 PG 16 WC Green & Sustainable Science & Technology; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA JX4XQ UT WOS:000503739400052 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Xu, C Xu, ZH Yang, ZF AF Xu, Cui Xu, Zhihao Yang, Zhifeng TI Reservoir operation optimization for balancing hydropower generation and biodiversity conservation in a downstream wetland SO JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION LA English DT Article DE Hydropower sustainability; Biodiversity conservation; Optimization approach; Reservoir operation; Wetland restoration ID ENVIRONMENTAL FLOWS; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; HYDROLOGICAL ALTERATION; SPECIES-DIVERSITY; WATER; LAKE; RICHNESS; REGIME; RIVER; REQUIREMENTS AB Hydropower has a damaging effect on aquatic biodiversity globally. Extensive research has demonstrated the significance of plant diversity in sustaining wetland services and functions. However, wetland plant diversity conservation has rarely been considered in hydropower operation optimization, and the relationship between hydropower generation and plant diversity indicators has rarely been quantified. In this study, a new optimization approach is proposed for reservoir operation to balance hydropower generation and plant diversity conservation in downstream wetlands. We identify key hydrological indicators affecting wetland plant diversity, accounting for the richness and abundance of plants as well as the evenness of multiple plant species. An artificial neural network (ANN) is subsequently adopted to quantify the complex relationship between hydrological and plant diversity indicators. Using the ANN model for plant diversity prediction, we develop a multi-objective optimization model for reservoir operation to maximize hydropower generation and wetland plant diversity indicators. This approach is applied to a large plant-dominated wetland (Baiyangdian) in China as a case study. Using a genetic algorithm to solve the optimization model, we suggest a reservoir operation scheme which can increase multi-year averaged plant diversity indicator in this wetland by 20% while decreasing reservoir hydropower generation by 10%. We also generate a set of Pareto-optimal solutions from the optimization model, which quantifies the tradeoff relationship between hydropower generation and plant diversity conservation. This relationship provides a reference for managers in determining reservoir operation rules depending on the demands on these two conflicting objectives. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Xu, Cui; Yang, Zhifeng] Beijing Normal Univ, Sch Environm, State Key Lab Water Environm Simulat, 19 Xinjiekouwai St, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. [Xu, Zhihao] Dongguan Univ Technol, Res Ctr Ecoenvironm Engn, Dongguan 523808, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Yang, Zhifeng] Guangdong Univ Technol, Inst Environm & Ecol Engn, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, Peoples R China. RP Xu, ZH (reprint author), Dongguan Univ Technol, Res Ctr Ecoenvironm Engn, Dongguan 523808, Guangdong, Peoples R China.; Yang, ZF (reprint author), Guangdong Univ Technol, Inst Environm & Ecol Engn, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, Peoples R China. EM xuzh@dgut.edu.cn; zfyang@gdut.edu.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [51439001]; National Natural Science Foundation for Innovative Research Group [51721093] FX This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [No. 51439001] and the National Natural Science Foundation for Innovative Research Group [No. 51721093]. NR 66 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 14 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0959-6526 EI 1879-1786 J9 J CLEAN PROD JI J. Clean Prod. PD FEB 1 PY 2020 VL 245 AR 118885 DI 10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.118885 PG 11 WC Green & Sustainable Science & Technology; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA JX4XQ UT WOS:000503739400096 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Blanco, I Barjaktarovic, N Gonzalez, CM AF Blanco, Irene Barjaktarovic, Nevena Gonzalez, Cristina M. TI Addressing Health Disparities in Medical Education and Clinical Practice SO RHEUMATIC DISEASE CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article DE Health disparities; Cultural competency; Underserved populations; Graduate medical education; Rheumatology fellowship ID SYSTEMIC-LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS; 3 ETHNIC-GROUPS; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; DISEASE-ACTIVITY; DISADVANTAGED PATIENTS; TREATMENT PREFERENCES; RACIAL DISPARITIES; KNEE ARTHROPLASTY; UNITED-STATES; CARE AB Health and health care disparities are present in every medical specialty, and stem from multiple etiologies. Within health care itself, issues mostly arise within medical providers and across a system with an inequitable distribution of care and resources. One potential way to address disparities is to educate our workforce, to not only know about disparities but to also actively advocate for underresourced and marginalized patients. In this review, the authors describe efforts being conducted in graduate medical education and seek to elucidate some of the curricula currently being developed and implemented in rheumatology. C1 [Blanco, Irene; Barjaktarovic, Nevena] Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Med Rheumatol, 1300 Morris Pk Ave,Forchh 107N, Bronx, NY 10461 USA. [Gonzalez, Cristina M.] Albert Einstein Coll Med, Montefiore Med Ctr, Hosp Med, Dept Med, 1825 Eastchester Rd,DOM 2-76, Bronx, NY 10461 USA. RP Blanco, I (reprint author), Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Med Rheumatol, 1300 Morris Pk Ave,Forchh 107N, Bronx, NY 10461 USA. EM irene.blanco@einstein.yu.edu NR 64 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0889-857X EI 1558-3163 J9 RHEUM DIS CLIN N AM JI Rheum. Dis. Clin. North Am. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 46 IS 1 BP 179 EP + DI 10.1016/j.rdc.2019.09.012 PG 14 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA JY0TS UT WOS:000504137700014 PM 31757284 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Carbonne, B Bohan, DA Petit, S AF Carbonne, Benjamin Bohan, David A. Petit, Sandrine TI Key carabid species drive spring weed seed predation of Viola arvensis SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article ID GROUND BEETLES COLEOPTERA; CONSERVATION BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; NATURAL ENEMY BIODIVERSITY; AGRICULTURAL MANAGEMENT; GENERALIST PREDATORS; LANDSCAPE CONTEXT; ALTERNATIVE PREY; CEREAL FIELDS; INTERFERENCE; BIOCONTROL C1 [Carbonne, Benjamin; Bohan, David A.; Petit, Sandrine] Univ Bourgogne Franche Comte, INRA, AgroSup Dijon, Agroecol, F-21000 Dijon, France. RP Carbonne, B (reprint author), 17 Rue Sully,BP 86510, F-21065 Dijon, France. EM benjamin.carbonne@inra.fr RI Bohan, David A/D-7992-2012; Petit, Sandrine/C-3310-2013 OI Bohan, David A/0000-0001-5656-775X; Petit, Sandrine/0000-0001-8781-8873 FU project SEBIOPAG-PHYTO - Plan EcoPhyto of the French Ministry of Agriculture and Food; Foundation for Research on Biodiversity (FRB); project BioAWARE - European Research Area Net - Coordinated Integrated Pest Management (ERA-NET C-IPM; MetaProgramme SMaCH of the French National Institute of Research for Agriculture (INRA) FX We acknowledge the support of the projects SEBIOPAG-PHYTO, funded by the Plan EcoPhyto of the French Ministry of Agriculture and Food and Foundation for Research on Biodiversity (FRB), and BioAWARE, funded by the European Research Area Net - Coordinated Integrated Pest Management (ERA-NET C-IPM), and the MetaProgramme SMaCH of the French National Institute of Research for Agriculture (INRA). NR 83 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 14 U2 14 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1049-9644 EI 1090-2112 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD FEB PY 2020 VL 141 AR 104148 DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2019.104148 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA JX0DP UT WOS:000503414900014 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Jiang, RX Peng, Z Wang, S AF Jiang, Rixin Peng, Zhong Wang, Shuo TI The oldest Micropeplus (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Micropeplinae) species from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber SO CRETACEOUS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Coleoptera; Staphylinidae; Micropeplinae; New species; Cretaceous AB The oldest species of Micropeplus Latreille (1809), Micropeplus pengweii Jiang, Peng & Wang sp. nov. is described from the mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber. The new species can be clearly attributed in the genus Micropeplus by sharing a lot of obviously similar characters with extant species. The new discovery enriched our knowledge of the biodiversity of staphylinid beetles in the Cretaceous. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Jiang, Rixin; Wang, Shuo] Qingdao Univ Sci & Technol, Coll Marine Sci & Biol Engn, Qingdao 266042, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Peng, Zhong] Shanghai Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Lab Environm Entomol, 100 Guilin Rd, Shanghai 200234, Peoples R China. RP Wang, S (reprint author), Qingdao Univ Sci & Technol, Coll Marine Sci & Biol Engn, Qingdao 266042, Shandong, Peoples R China. EM shuowang@qust.edu.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [31801022]; Scientific Research Start-up Foundation of Qingdao University of Science and Technology [0100229021] FX We would like to express our sincere gratitude to our friends Dr. Ji-shen Wang (North West Agriculture & Forestry University, Shanxi, China) and Dr Cheng-bin Wang (Mianyang Normal University, Sichuan, China) for their support of our work, and also to two anonymous reviewers for providing constructive suggestions. This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 31801022) and the Scientific Research Start-up Foundation of Qingdao University of Science and Technology (Grant Nos. 0100229021). NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0195-6671 EI 1095-998X J9 CRETACEOUS RES JI Cretac. Res. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 106 AR 104218 DI 10.1016/j.cretres.2019.104218 PG 4 WC Geology; Paleontology SC Geology; Paleontology GA JW8RB UT WOS:000503313100030 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Silva, PMD Fiaschitello, TR de Queiroz, RS Freeman, HS da Costa, SA Leo, P Montemor, AF da Costa, SM AF dos Santos Silva, Patricia Muniz Fiaschitello, Ticiane Rossi de Queiroz, Rayana Santiago Freeman, Harold S. da Costa, Silgia Aparecida Leo, Patricia Montemor, Antonio Fernando da Costa, Sirlene Maria TI Natural dye from Croton urucurana Baill. bark: Extraction, physicochemical characterization, textile dyeing and color fastness properties SO DYES AND PIGMENTS LA English DT Article DE Natural dyeing; Natural extract; Cotton; Wool; Full factorial design; Wastewater analysis ID PTEROCARYA-FRAXINIFOLIA; ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; COTTON; WASTE; PROTECTION; ANTIBACTERIAL; PYROLYSIS; LIGNIN; PLANT AB Natural dyes have become an alternative option of interest for textile dyeing. The selection of native species as a natural dye can make its use feasible and enhance local biodiversity. In the present study, the extract of Croton urucurana Baill. bark, which is native to Brazil, was investigated as a natural textile dye. The extract showed a reddish-brown color and the presence of tannins. The extract was characterized by physicochemical methods and optimization of the dyeing process was determined by factorial design 2(3). The dyed fabrics were evaluated for color fastness to light, wash, rubbing and perspiration. They showed colors between beige and reddish-brown and had good fastness properties. Antibacterial activity assessment was performed on the extract and fabrics and UV protection was evaluated in the fabrics. The wastewater generated from the dyeing process was also characterized. It exhibited high biochemical oxygen demand and chemical oxygen demand, in addition to a large amount of dissolved iron and aluminum, when these metals were used as a mordant in the dyeing process. On balance, the extract of C. urucurana has the potential to be employed as a textile dye. C1 [dos Santos Silva, Patricia Muniz; Fiaschitello, Ticiane Rossi; da Costa, Silgia Aparecida; da Costa, Sirlene Maria] Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Arts Sci & Humanities, BR-03828000 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. [de Queiroz, Rayana Santiago] Inst Technol Res Sao Paulo State, Lab Tech Text & Protect Prod, BR-05508901 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. [Freeman, Harold S.] North Carolina State Univ, Coll Text, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Leo, Patricia; Montemor, Antonio Fernando] Inst Technol Res Sao Paulo State, Lab Ind Biotechnol, Bionanomfg Ctr, BR-05508901 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. RP Silva, PMD (reprint author), Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Arts Sci & Humanities, BR-03828000 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. EM patricia.mdss@gmail.com FU Institute for Technological Research of Sao Paulo State (IPT); Foundation to Support Institute for Technological Research of Sao Paulo State (FIPT); Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES)CAPES FX The authors acknowledge the Institute for Technological Research of Sao Paulo State (IPT), the Foundation to Support Institute for Technological Research of Sao Paulo State (FIPT) and Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES), for the financial support of this research. NR 64 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0143-7208 EI 1873-3743 J9 DYES PIGMENTS JI Dyes Pigment. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 173 AR 107953 DI 10.1016/j.dyepig.2019.107953 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Applied; Engineering, Chemical; Materials Science, Textiles SC Chemistry; Engineering; Materials Science GA JW8QX UT WOS:000503312700067 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Mendoza, H Rubio, AV Garcia-Pena, GE Suzan, G Simonetti, JA AF Mendoza, Hugo Rubio, Andre V. Garcia-Pena, Gabriel E. Suzan, Gerardo Simonetti, Javier A. TI Does land-use change increase the abundance of zoonotic reservoirs? Rodents say yes SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Biodiversity; Disease risk; Land-use change; Reservoirs; Rodentia; Zoonosis ID INFECTIOUS-DISEASE; SMALL MAMMALS; PREVALENCE; DIVERSITY; RESPONSES; BIODIVERSITY; METAANALYSIS; VEGETATION; LANDSCAPE; PLAGUE AB Land-use change can raise the risk of human exposure to zoonotic diseases by increasing abundance of reservoir hosts. In this study, we conducted a meta-analysis on the associations between land-use change and the abundance of rodent species in relation to their reservoir status for rodent-borne diseases. Using the PREDICT database, we analyzed 58 case studies comprising 54 species from eight countries. In general, rodent reservoirs were significantly more abundant in modified habitats (anthropogenically altered sites), whereas non-reservoir species were more abundant in non-modified habitats. To our knowledge, this is the first meta-analysis that evaluates the response of rodents to land-use change with a focus on the potential implications for epidemiological risks. Our findings give further evidence that land-use change generally impacts biodiversity in ways that might imply higher risk of zoonotic pathogen transmission. C1 [Mendoza, Hugo; Garcia-Pena, Gabriel E.; Suzan, Gerardo] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Dept Etol Fauna Silvestre & Anim Lab, Fac Med Vet & Zootecnia, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Rubio, Andre V.] Univ Chile, Fac Ciencias Vet & Pecuarias, Dept Ciencias Biol Anim, Ave Santa Rosa 11735, Santiago, Chile. [Garcia-Pena, Gabriel E.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Ciencias Complejidad C3, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Simonetti, Javier A.] Univ Chile, Fac Ciencias, Dept Ciencias Ecol, Casilla 653, Santiago, Chile. RP Rubio, AV (reprint author), Univ Chile, Fac Ciencias Vet & Pecuarias, Dept Ciencias Biol Anim, Ave Santa Rosa 11735, Santiago, Chile. EM arubio@uchile.cl RI Rubio, Andre V./M-5307-2015 OI Rubio, Andre V./0000-0001-7297-9535; Garcia Pena, Gabriel Ernesto/0000-0002-3515-6908 FU FONDECYTComision Nacional de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica (CONICYT)CONICYT FONDECYT [3160037]; CONICYT + PAI Convocatoria Nacional de Subvencion a la Instalacion en la Academia 2018 [PAI77180009]; CONACyT MSc scholarship; PAEP-UNAMUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico FX This work was supported by FONDECYT 3160037 and CONICYT + PAI Convocatoria Nacional de Subvencion a la Instalacion en la Academia 2018 No. PAI77180009. HM was supported by a CONACyT MSc scholarship and PAEP-UNAM. NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 14 U2 14 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1612-4642 EI 1439-0574 J9 EUR J WILDLIFE RES JI Eur. J. Wildl. Res. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 66 IS 1 AR 6 DI 10.1007/s10344-019-1344-9 PG 5 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA JX5NI UT WOS:000503781100001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Jia, Y Whalen, JK AF Jia, Yu Whalen, Joann K. TI A new perspective on functional redundancy and phylogenetic niche conservatism in soil microbial communities SO PEDOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE basic function; conceptual model; core gene; environmental factor; genetic factor; niche overlap; rare function; soil biodiversity ID BACTERIAL DIVERSITY; GENE-TRANSFER; EVOLUTION; STABILITY; ECOLOGY AB Functional redundancy in soil microbial communities seems to contradict the notion that individual species have distinct metabolic niches in multi-species communities. All soil microbiota have the metabolic capacity for "basic" functions (e.g., respiration and nitrogen and phosphorus cycling), but only a few soil microbiota participate in "rare" functions (e.g., methanogenesis and mineralization of recalcitrant organic pollutants). The objective of this perspective paper is to use the phylogenetic niche conservatism theory as an explanation for the functional redundancy of soil microbiota. Phylogenetic niche conservatism is defined as the tendency for lineages to retain ancestral functional characteristics through evolutionary time-scales. The present-day soil microbiota is the result of a community assembly process that started when prokaryotes first appeared on Earth. For billions of years, microbiota have retained a highly conserved set of core genes that control the essential redox and biogeochemical reactions for life on Earth. These genes are passed from microbe to microbe, which contributes to functional redundancy in soil microbiota at the planetary scale. The assembly of microbial communities during soil formation is consistent with phylogenetic niche conservatism. Within a specific soil, the heterogeneous matrix provides an infinite number of sets of diverse environmental conditions, i.e., niches that lead to the divergence of microbial species. The phylogenetic niche conservatism theory predicts that two or more microbial species diverging from the same Glade will have an overlap in their niches, implying that they are functionally redundant in some of their metabolic processes. The endogenous genetic factors that constrain the adaptation of individuals and, thus, populations to changing environmental conditions constitute the core process of phylogenetic niche conservatism. Furthermore, the degree of functional redundancy in a particular soil is proportional to the complexity of the considered function. We conclude with a conceptual model that identifies six patterns of functional redundancy in soil microbial communities, consistent with the phylogenetic niche conservatism theory. C1 [Jia, Yu; Whalen, Joann K.] McGill Univ, Dept Nat Resource Sci, Macdonald Campus, Ste Anne De Bellevue, PQ H9X 3V9, Canada. RP Whalen, JK (reprint author), McGill Univ, Dept Nat Resource Sci, Macdonald Campus, Ste Anne De Bellevue, PQ H9X 3V9, Canada. EM joann.whalen@mcgill.ca FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC)Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada [RGPIN-2017-05391] FX This work was supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) through Discovery Grant (No. RGPIN-2017-05391). We thank the Soil Ecology Research Group members for helpful discussion and suggestions. NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 19 U2 19 PU SCIENCE PRESS PI BEIJING PA 16 DONGHUANGCHENGGEN NORTH ST, BEIJING 100717, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1002-0160 EI 2210-5107 J9 PEDOSPHERE JI Pedosphere PD FEB PY 2020 VL 30 IS 1 BP 18 EP 24 DI 10.1016/S1002-0160(19)60826-X PG 7 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA JW0LS UT WOS:000502751600003 OA Bronze DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Huang, Y Wang, X Yang, YN Qu, XAQ Wang, AQ Huang, XN Zhou, H AF Huang Yue Wang Xi Yang Yuning Qu Xuaqi Wang Anqi Huang Xiaona Zhou Hong TI The role of education in maternal depressive symptoms among different ethnic groups: A cross-sectional study in rural western China SO JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS LA English DT Article DE Ethnic groups; Education; Maternal depressive symptoms ID POSTPARTUM DEPRESSION; POSTNATAL DEPRESSION; HEALTH OUTCOMES; RISK-FACTORS; WOMEN; PREVALENCE; PREGNANCY; IMPACT; CARE AB Objective: To estimate the maternal depressive symptoms (MDS) rates in different ethnic groups, and to explore possible reasons especially the role of education for its ethnic differences. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted in 20 rural counties of 8 provinces in western China. The possible influencing factors of MDS were collected. The Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS) was used to assess MDS. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to analyze the risk factors of MDS. Two multivariate logistic regression models that separately containing and not containing the factor of educational level were used to explore the role of education in the ethnic differences of MDS. Results: A total of 3,163 mothers were included in the analysis, and the MDS rate was 15.6%. In multivariate analysis, educational level of primary school and below (adjOR1: 1.47, 95%CI: 1.07-2.03), delivery at home (adjOR1: 1.66, 95%CI: 1.11-2.47) and diarrhea of youngest child in the past two weeks (adjOR1: 1.31, 95%CI: 1.03-1.67) remained as independent predictors of MDS after adjusting all the factors significant in univariate analysis. If educational level was not adjusted in above multivariate model, women from Yi ethnic group (adjOR2: 1.39, 95%CI: 1.03-1.89) would additionally become significant. Limitations: EPDS is a screening tool and some possible risk factors for MDS were not included. Conclusion: The ethnic differences in MDS were largely due to the ethnic differences in educational level. To reduce the high risk of MDS among Yi mothers, further popularizing nine-year compulsory education could be effective. C1 [Huang Yue; Qu Xuaqi; Wang Anqi; Zhou Hong] Peking Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Maternal & Child Hlth, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Wang Xi] Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Yang Yuning; Huang Xiaona] UNICEF China, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Wang Anqi] Univ Southern Calif, Keck Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Los Angeles, CA 90007 USA. RP Zhou, H (reprint author), Peking Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Maternal & Child Hlth, Beijing, Peoples R China. EM hongzhou@bjmu.edu.cn FU UNICEF China FX This work was supported by UNICEF China. NR 53 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-0327 EI 1573-2517 J9 J AFFECT DISORDERS JI J. Affect. Disord. PD FEB 1 PY 2020 VL 262 BP 359 EP 365 DI 10.1016/j.jad.2019.11.022 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA JU3RS UT WOS:000501596400049 PM 31735406 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Goodfellow, B Kolves, K Selefen, AC Massain, T Amadeo, S De Leo, D AF Goodfellow, Benjamin Kolves, Kairi Selefen, Anne-Cecile Massain, Tiffany Amadeo, Stephane De Leo, Diego TI The WHO/START study in New Caledonia: A psychological autopsy case series SO JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS LA English DT Article DE Suicide; Psychological autopsy; Pacific Islands; Cultural factors ID RISK-FACTORS; MENTAL-DISORDERS; SUICIDE CLUSTERS; QUEENSLAND; AUSTRALIA; EPIDEMIC AB Background: Limited information is available about suicidal behavior in the Pacific Islands. Forty percent of the New Caledonian population is indigenous Kanak; insights into the characteristics of suicide deaths in this population compared to other ethnic groups would be valuable. The aim of this paper is to deepen our understanding of the cultural underpinnings of suicide in New Caledonia by presenting the results of the WHO/START psychological autopsy study. Method: A case-series psychological autopsy study was conducted based on medical, police files, and interviews with relatives of 52 individuals who died by suicide in 2014 and 2015 in New Caledonia. Results: Kanak indigenous individuals represented more than half of suicides. Prevalence of mental disorders was identified in 62% of suicide decedents; a previous suicide attempt was frequent (37% of cases). A serious argument with a partner was the most prevalent life event (60%). Few warning signs were present among young people and Kanak in general. Conclusion: Comparison with information on the general population suggests indigenous Kanak are more vulnerable and that having a mental health disorder plays an important role in suicide. Violent arguments with a partner could also be a major risk factor. Traditional protective factors (being employed, living with their family or partner, religion) appeared to have limited effect on suicide. Mental health promotion, prevention, and care should be prioritized. Prevention strategies, including domestic violence prevention are recommended in New Caledonia. Further research is needed to better identify young and Kanak subjects at risk of suicide. C1 [Goodfellow, Benjamin; Kolves, Kairi; De Leo, Diego] Griffith Univ, Collaborating Ctr Res Suicide Prevent & Train, Australian Inst Suicide Res & Prevent, WHO, Mt Gravatt, Qld, Australia. [Goodfellow, Benjamin; Massain, Tiffany] Ctr Hosp Albert Bousquet, Noumea, New Caledonia. [Selefen, Anne-Cecile] Direct Securite Publ Nouvelle Caledonie, Noumea, New Caledonia. [Amadeo, Stephane] Ctr Hosp Polynesie Francaise, Dept Psychiat, Assoc SOS Suicide, Pirae, French Polynesi, France. RP Goodfellow, B (reprint author), Ctr Hosp Albert Bousquet, Noumea, New Caledonia. EM benjamin.goodfellow@benjamingoodfellow.com OI Kolves, Kairi/0000-0002-1638-8981 FU Government of New Caledonia FX We are truly indebted to all the families and other informants who participated in the interviews. We thank the Government of New Caledonia which funded this study in its entirety. We are also indebted to Mrs. Christine Salomon, Dr. Sylvie Laumond, Mr. Gregoire Thibouville for their help interpreting results, and Mrs. Daphne Goodfellow for her help in language editing. NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-0327 EI 1573-2517 J9 J AFFECT DISORDERS JI J. Affect. Disord. PD FEB 1 PY 2020 VL 262 BP 366 EP 372 DI 10.1016/j.jad.2019.11.020 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA JU3RS UT WOS:000501596400050 PM 31740112 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Bello-Bravo, J AF Bello-Bravo, Julia TI Managing biodiversity & divinities: Case study of one twenty-year humanitarian forest restoration project in Benin SO WORLD DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE Sustainability; Collaboration; Benin; Edges; Indigenous knowledge ID CHRONIC POVERTY; CONSERVATION; DISPOSSESSION; ACCUMULATION; DECENTRALIZATION; AGROFORESTRY; PERMACULTURE; LIVELIHOODS; TRANSITION; COUNTRIES AB Humanitarian assistance around the world frequently represents an immense and well-intentioned impulse to redress the suffering of others. And yet, cross-cultural misunderstandings and conflicts of differing value-systems-as knowledge mismatches between those offering help and those targeted for help-will often risk neutralizing or rendering ineffective the assistance offered. Given the critical need for humanitarian assistance successes worldwide, research to mitigate this risk has a particular urgency. Understanding "use" as any activity that transforms a world, this case study analyzes the complexities of multi-actor resource use at a successful, 20-year rain forest restoration and preservation project in Benin. Findings from this case study supply examples for how "edges"-as a type of co-operative space-enabled effective rain-forest biodiversity restoration delivery despite unresolved, and at times unresolvable, knowledge mismatches between the actors in the case. Limited to a single case, the study nonetheless offers 'edges' as a promising analytic and strategic means for (1) anticipating and neutralizing the frustrating delivery effects of cross-cultural knowledge mismatches, (2) better securing more effective shorter-term outcomes and less harmful longer-term impacts from humanitarian assistance efforts generally, and (3) directions for future, more widely ranging research into other assistance-delivery contexts, as well as literature on collaboration generally. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Bello-Bravo, Julia] Michigan State Univ, Dept Food Sci & Human Nutr, Anthony Hall,474 S Shaw Ln,Rm 3370, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Bello-Bravo, J (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Food Sci & Human Nutr, Anthony Hall,474 S Shaw Ln,Rm 3370, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM bellobra@msu.edu OI Bello-Bravo, Julia/0000-0002-1710-4725 NR 115 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0305-750X J9 WORLD DEV JI World Dev. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 126 AR 104707 DI 10.1016/j.worlddev.2019.104707 PG 12 WC Development Studies; Economics SC Development Studies; Business & Economics GA JU4KU UT WOS:000501647300007 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Lambe, F Ran, Y Jurisoo, M Holmlid, S Muhoza, C Johnson, O Osborne, M AF Lambe, Fiona Ran, Ylva Jurisoo, Marie Holmlid, Stefan Muhoza, Cassilde Johnson, Oliver Osborne, Matthew TI Embracing complexity: A transdisciplinary conceptual framework for understanding behavior change in the context of development-focused interventions SO WORLD DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE Behavior change; Development intervention design; Service design; Complex adaptive systems ID DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; SERVICE DESIGN; CONSENSUS; FARMERS; SYSTEMS AB Many interventions that aim to improve the livelihoods of vulnerable people in low-income settings fail because the behavior of the people intended to benefit is not well understood and /or not reflected in the design of interventions. Methods for understanding and situating human behavior in the context of development interventions tend to emphasize experimental approaches to objectively isolate key drivers of behavior. However, such methods often do not account for the importance of contextual factors and the wider system. In this paper we propose a conceptual framework to support intervention design that links behavioral insights with service design, a branch of the creative field of design. To develop the framework, we use three case studies conducted in Kenya and Zambia focusing on the uptake of new technologies and services by individuals and households. We demonstrate how the framework can be useful for mapping individuals' experiences of a new technology or service and, based on this, identify key parameters to support lasting behavior change. The framework reflects how behavior change takes place in the context of complex social-ecological systems - that change over time, and in which a diverse range of actors operate at different levels - with the aim of supporting the design and delivery of more robust development-oriented interventions. (C) 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Lambe, Fiona; Ran, Ylva; Jurisoo, Marie; Johnson, Oliver; Osborne, Matthew] Stockholm Environm Inst, Stockholm, Sweden. [Holmlid, Stefan] Linkoping Univ, Dept Informat & Comp Sci, Linkoping, Sweden. [Muhoza, Cassilde] Stockholm Environm Inst, Nairobi, Kenya. RP Lambe, F (reprint author), Stockholm Environm Inst, Stockholm, Sweden. EM fiona.lambe@sei.org; ylva.ran@sei.org; marie.jurisoo@sei.org; stefan.holmlid@liu.se; Cassilde.muhoza@sei.org; oliver.johnson@sei.org; matthew.osbor-ne@sei.org RI Holmlid, Stefan/Y-6919-2019 OI Holmlid, Stefan/0000-0002-2529-4303 NR 69 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0305-750X J9 WORLD DEV JI World Dev. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 126 AR 104703 DI 10.1016/j.worlddev.2019.104703 PG 13 WC Development Studies; Economics SC Development Studies; Business & Economics GA JU4KU UT WOS:000501647300004 OA Green Published, Other Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Blignaut, J Aronson, J AF Blignaut, James Aronson, James TI Developing a restoration narrative: A pathway towards system-wide healing and a restorative culture SO ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE Ceteris parthus; Natural capital; Restoration narrative; Restorative culture; System-wide healing; Wicked systems ID ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; SUSTAINABILITY; BIODIVERSITY; BENEFITS; BACK AB The current generation of Homo sapiens is paying the bill for the foolishness of, among other things, the Ceteris paribus assumption which postulates that natural capital is infinite and the quality thereof constant. The outcome is an unprecedented ecological overshoot as well as rapid and widespread degradation and fragmentation of both ecological and social systems. Despite their international commitments, few nations currently pay more than lip-service to invest in the widely acknowledged need o from economic as well as ecological perspectives o to invest more heavily to assist the restoration and recovery of degraded ecosystems almost everywhere. There is good evidence from eight recently published meta-analyses of ecological restoration work done at over 1 400 sites, that show that human societies clearly benefit economically from ecological restoration and allied activities. Perversely 8 or predictably o global society's indifference to or denial of this reality is short-sighted in the extreme, and flagrantly neglectful of future generations of all life on earth. We argue that the disjunction between the required and actual investment in restoration is attributable, in part, to both the dysfunction of our political economies and the fact that essentially all human and ecological systems are 'wicked systems' (i.e. complex and complicated, simultaneously). This in turn leads to 'wicked problems' for anyone concerned with making ecological restoration a part of daily life for the next generation. While rational, science-based observations, pilot studies, and modelling can help diagnose a wicked problem, and prescribe ways to launch and sustain large-scale and lasting ecological restoration and recovery of degraded ecosystems, this is patently not sufficient. Invariably people have varying beliefs about, and understanding of, the past, present, and future. This leads to ontological uncertainty when groups of disparate people try to work together on wicked problems, thanks to past conflict and trauma, and differing readings of what has happened, is happening, and may happen in the increasingly unknowable and unpredictable future. This uncertainty introduces risk in all human impacted systems. Scientists, especially those involved in ecological economics and ecological restoration, could help society cross this bridge of uncertainty towards a shared vision and action plan. Working together with people from varying inter-connected fields and disciplines, we call for greater use of structured dialogue, embedded within a restoration narrative, to nurture and promote a 'restorative culture'. C1 [Blignaut, James] Stellenbosch Univ, Sch Publ Leadership, Stellenbosch, South Africa. [Blignaut, James] South African Environm Observat Network, Pretoria, South Africa. [Aronson, James] Missouri Bot Garden, Ctr Conservat & Sustainable Dev, St Louis, MO 63166 USA. RP Blignaut, J (reprint author), Stellenbosch Univ, Sch Publ Leadership, Stellenbosch, South Africa.; Blignaut, J (reprint author), South African Environm Observat Network, Pretoria, South Africa. EM leandri@unboxed.co.za NR 59 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 12 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8009 EI 1873-6106 J9 ECOL ECON JI Ecol. Econ. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 168 AR 106483 DI 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2019.106483 PG 9 WC Ecology; Economics; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Business & Economics GA JU4JN UT WOS:000501644000002 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Schaub, S Buchmann, N Luscher, A Finger, R AF Schaub, Sergei Buchmann, Nina Luscher, Andreas Finger, Robert TI Economic benefits from plant species diversity in intensively managed grasslands SO ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE Species diversity; Insurance value; Risk; Stability; Sustainable intensification; Biodiversity ID ECOSYSTEM PRODUCTIVITY; INSURANCE VALUE; BIODIVERSITY; RISK; MIXTURES; STABILITY; INCREASES; RICHNESS; QUALITY; SYSTEMS AB Grasslands cover a major share of the world's agricultural area and are important for global food security. Plant species diversity in grasslands is known to increase and stabilize biomass yields. We economically evaluate these effects, using a rich dataset from 16 intensively managed grassland sites across Europe. We extend earlier research by accounting for plant species diversity effects on both quantity and quality of yields. Consequently, we can express plant species diversity effects in terms of milk production potential yields per hectare and potential revenues thereof. Plant species diversity not only increased milk production potential yields and thus revenues, but also reduced production risks. Thus, increasing plant species diversity resulted in higher certainty equivalents, for example, the certainty equivalent rose by +29% when comparing the average mixture to the average monoculture. For risk averse decision makers, this gain in certainty equivalent was mainly due to the increase in revenues (accounting for 90%) compared to the total insurance value (accounting for 10%). Overall, we show that farmers benefit economically from plant species diversity and that even a moderate increase in this diversity contributes to more stable grassland-based production. Thus, our results are highly relevant for future sustainable intensification of grassland-based production. C1 [Schaub, Sergei; Finger, Robert] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Agr Econ & Policy Grp, Sonneggstr 33, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland. [Schaub, Sergei; Buchmann, Nina] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Grassland Sci Grp, Univ Str 2, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland. [Luscher, Andreas] Agroscope, Forage Prod & Grassland Syst, Reckenholzstr 191, CH-8046 Zurich, Switzerland. RP Schaub, S (reprint author), Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Agr Econ & Policy Grp, Sonneggstr 33, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland. EM seschaub@ethz.ch RI Buchmann, Nina/E-6095-2011 OI Buchmann, Nina/0000-0003-0826-2980; Finger, Robert/0000-0002-0634-5742 FU Mercator Foundation Switzerland within a Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center PhD Fellowship program [BU1080/4-1]; Deutsche ForschungsgemeinschaftGerman Research Foundation (DFG) FX This study was supported by the Mercator Foundation Switzerland within a Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center PhD Fellowship program and the project BU1080/4-1 from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. NR 54 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 13 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8009 EI 1873-6106 J9 ECOL ECON JI Ecol. Econ. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 168 AR 106488 DI 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2019.106488 PG 12 WC Ecology; Economics; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Business & Economics GA JU4JN UT WOS:000501644000004 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Zhao, LN Liu, YB Yuan, SW Li, ZH Sun, JY Li, XR AF Zhao, Lina Liu, Yubing Yuan, Shiwei Li, Zhaohuan Sun, Jingyao Li, Xinrong TI Development of archaeal communities in biological soil crusts along a revegetation chronosequence in the Tengger Desert, north central China SO SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Arid and semi-arid areas; Archaeal diversity; Archaeal function; Successional stage of BSCs ID GRADIENT GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; AMMONIA-OXIDIZING ARCHAEA; MICROBIAL BIOMASS; COLORADO PLATEAU; BACTERIAL DIVERSITY; SUCCESSIONAL STAGES; FUNGAL COMMUNITIES; XEROPHYTIC SHRUBS; VEGETATION; WATER AB Archaea are major contributors to biogeochemical cycles and energy metabolism among soil microorganisms under extremely acidic and high-temperature conditions, however, the biodiversity and ecological function of archaea in biological soil crusts (BSCs) of desert ecosystems are not fully understood. Here, we used Illumina MiSeq sequencing and microbial functional gene array (GeoChip 5.0) to test the following hypotheses: (1) the composition and function related to biogeochemical cycles of the archaeal community would change significantly in the development process of BSCs; and (2) the key factors driving these changes may be soil biogeochemical properties. The results showed that the diversity, abundance, and functional potential of the archaeal community showed their highest levels in 5-year-old BSCs. The dominant phyla were Thaumarchaeota, Euryarchaeota, and an unclassified phylum in the archaeal community during BSC succession. The functional genes of the archaeal community were mainly involved in carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycles, and the functions of the three dominant phyla were complementary in these cycles. Moreover, redundancy analysis showed that soil biogeochemical properties were negatively related to the composition and function of the archaeal community during BSC succession, and the soil C:N ratio might be the major limiting factor. These results provided evidences for our hypotheses and revealed that the archaeal community played an important ecological role in the early development stage of BSCs, and might be pioneer species of soil microbial communities during BSC succession. C1 [Zhao, Lina; Liu, Yubing; Li, Zhaohuan; Sun, Jingyao; Li, Xinrong] Chinese Acad Sci, Northwest Inst Ecoenvironm & Resources, Shapotou Desert Res & Expt Stn, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, Peoples R China. [Zhao, Lina; Liu, Yubing; Li, Xinrong] Chinese Acad Sci, Northwest Inst Ecoenvironm & Resources, Key Lab Stress Physiol & Ecol Cold & Arid Reg Gan, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, Peoples R China. [Yuan, Shiwei] Chinese Acad Sci, Northwest Inst Ecoenvironm & Resources, Key Lab Remote Sensing Gansu Prov, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, Peoples R China. [Zhao, Lina; Yuan, Shiwei; Li, Zhaohuan; Sun, Jingyao] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China. RP Liu, YB; Li, XR (reprint author), Donggang West Rd 320, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, Peoples R China. EM liuyb@lzb.ac.cn; lxinrong@lzb.ac.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [41977204, 41621001] FX This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant nos. 41977204 and 41621001). NR 97 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 19 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-1987 EI 1879-3444 J9 SOIL TILL RES JI Soil Tillage Res. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 196 AR 104443 DI 10.1016/j.still.2019.104443 PG 8 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA JU1CV UT WOS:000501416400013 OA Bronze DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Crabbe, RA Lamb, D Edwards, C AF Crabbe, Richard A. Lamb, David Edwards, Clare TI Discrimination of species composition types of a grazed pasture landscape using Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 data SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATION AND GEOINFORMATION LA English DT Article DE Support vector machine; Random forest; Botanical composition; Pasture species classification; Synthetic aperture radar; Satellite remote sensing ID SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINES; PLANT DIVERSITY; BOTANICAL COMPOSITION; IMAGE CLASSIFICATION; RANDOM FORESTS; BIODIVERSITY; GRASSLAND; VEGETATION; PRODUCTIVITY; LANDSAT AB Species composition is one of the important measurable indices of alpha diversity and hence aligns with the measurable Essential Biodiversity Variables meant to fulfil the Aichi Biodiversity Targets by 2020. Graziers also seek for pasture fields with varied species composition for their livestock, but visual determination of the species composition is not practicable for graziers with large fields. Consequently, this study demonstrated the capability of Sentinel-1 Synthetic Aperture Radar (Si) and Sentinel-2 Multispectral Instrument (S2) to discriminate pasture fields with single-species composition, two-species composition and multi-species composition for a pastoral landscape in Australia. The study used K-Nearest Neighbours (KNN), Random Forest (RF) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifiers to evaluate the strengths of S1-alone and S2-alone features and the combination of these S1 and S2 features to discriminate the composition types. For the S1 experiment, KNN which was the reference classifier achieved an overall accuracy of 0.85 while RF and SVM produced 0.74 and 0.89, respectively. The S2 experiment produced accuracies higher than the Si in that the overall performance of the KNN classifier was 0.87 while RF and SVM were 0.93 and 0.89, respectively. The combination of the 51 and S2 features elicited the highest accuracy estimates of the classifiers in that the KNN classifier recorded 0.89 while RF and SVM produced 0.96 and 0.93, respectively. In conclusion, the inclusion of S1 features improve the classifiers created with S2 features only. C1 [Crabbe, Richard A.; Lamb, David; Edwards, Clare] Univ New England, Precis Agr Res Grp, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia. [Lamb, David] Univ New England, Food Agil Cooperat Res Ctr, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia. [Edwards, Clare] Cent Tablelands Local Land Serv, Mudgee, NSW 2850, Australia. RP Crabbe, RA (reprint author), Univ New England, Precis Agr Res Grp, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia. EM rcrabbe2@une.edu.au FU University of New England; Commonwealth Government CRC Program; CRC ProgramCanada Research Chairs FX The first author acknowledges receipt of a Tuition Fee Scholarship from the University of New England. Food Agility CRC Ltd is funded under the Commonwealth Government CRC Program. The CRC Program supports industry-led collaborations between industry, researchers, and the community. NR 80 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 12 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0303-2434 J9 INT J APPL EARTH OBS JI Int. J. Appl. Earth Obs. Geoinf. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 84 AR 101978 DI 10.1016/j.jag.2019.101978 PG 12 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA JU0YG UT WOS:000501404500022 OA Other Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Shang, C Coops, NC Wulder, MA White, JC Hermosilla, T AF Shang, Chen Coops, Nicholas C. Wulder, Michael A. White, Joanne C. Hermosilla, Txomin TI Update and spatial extension of strategic forest inventories using time series remote sensing and modeling SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATION AND GEOINFORMATION LA English DT Article DE Species; Biomass; Volume; Land cover; Monitoring; Random forests; Landsat ID BIOGEOCLIMATIC ECOSYSTEM CLASSIFICATION; MULTISCALE IMAGE SEGMENTATION; LARGE-AREA; CANOPY HEIGHT; ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS; LIGHT DETECTION; CLIMATE-CHANGE; STAND HEIGHT; LANDSAT 8; LIDAR AB Up-to-date forest inventory information relating the characteristics of managed and natural forests is fundamental to sustainable forest management and required to inform conservation of biodiversity and assess climate change impacts and mitigation opportunities. Strategic forest inventories are difficult to compile over large areas and are often quickly outdated or spatially incomplete as a function of their long production cycle. As a consequence, automated approaches supported by remotely sensed data are increasingly sought to provide exhaustive spatial coverage for a set of core attributes in a timely fashion. The objective of this study was to demonstrate the integration of current remotely-sensed data products and pre-existing jurisdictional inventory data to map four forest attributes of interest (stand age, dominant species, site index, and stem density) for a 55 Mha study region in British Columbia, Canada. First, via image segmentation, spectrally homogenous objects were derived from Landsat surface-reflectance pixel composites. Second, a suite of Landsat-based predictors (e.g., spectral indices, disturbance history, and forest structure) and ancillary variables (e.g., geographic, topographic, and climatic) were derived for these units and used to develop predictive models of target attributes. For the often difficult classification of dominant species, two modelling approaches were compared: (a) a global Random Forests model calibrated with training samples collected over the entire study area, and (b) an ensemble of local models, each calibrated with spatially constrained local samples. Accuracy assessment based upon independent validation samples revealed that the ensemble of local models was more accurate and efficient for species classification, achieving an overall accuracy of 72% for the species which dominate 80% of the forested areas in the province. Results indicated that site index had the highest agreement between predicted and reference (R-2 = 0.74, %RMSE = 23.1%), followed by stand age (R-2 = 0.62, %RMSE = 35.6%), and stem density (R-2 = 0.33, %RMSE = 65.2%). Inventory attributes mapped at the image-derived unit level captured much finer details than traditional polygon-based inventory, yet can be readily reassembled into these larger units for strategic forest planning purposes. Based upon this work, we conclude that in a multi-source forest monitoring program, spatially localized and detailed characterizations enabled by time series of Landsat observations in conjunction with ancillary data can be used to support strategic inventory activities over large areas. C1 [Shang, Chen; Coops, Nicholas C.] Univ British Columbia, Fac Forestry, Dept Forest Resources Management, Integrated Remote Sensing Studio, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. [Wulder, Michael A.; White, Joanne C.; Hermosilla, Txomin] Nat Resources Canada, Pacific Forestry Ctr, Canadian Forest Serv, 506 West Burnside Rd, Victoria, BC V8Z 1M5, Canada. RP Shang, C (reprint author), Univ British Columbia, Fac Forestry, Dept Forest Resources Management, Integrated Remote Sensing Studio, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. EM chen.shang@ubc.ca FU Canadian Space Agency (CSA); Government Related Initiatives Program (GRIP); Canadian Forest Service (CFS) of Natural Resources Canada (NRCan); NSERCNatural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Government of Canada FX This research was undertaken as part of the "Earth Observation to Inform Canada's Climate Change Agenda (EO3C)" project jointly funded by the Canadian Space Agency (CSA), Government Related Initiatives Program (GRIP), and the Canadian Forest Service (CFS) of Natural Resources Canada (NRCan). Support also provided by a NSERC Discovery grant to Coops. This research was enabled in part by capacity provided by WestGrid (www.westgrid.ca) and Compute Canada (www.computecanada.ca). Open access is supported by the Government of Canada. NR 89 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 15 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0303-2434 J9 INT J APPL EARTH OBS JI Int. J. Appl. Earth Obs. Geoinf. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 84 AR 101956 DI 10.1016/j.jag.2019.101956 PG 15 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA JU0YG UT WOS:000501404500014 OA Other Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Appolloni, L Ferrigno, F Russo, GF Sandulli, R AF Appolloni, L. Ferrigno, F. Russo, G. F. Sandulli, R. TI beta-Diversity of morphological groups as indicator of coralligenous community quality status SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE Coralligenous assemblages; Morphological groups; beta-Diversity; CBQI index; Small-scale heterogeneity; ROV ID MEDITERRANEAN SEA; CORALLINE ALGAE; ASSEMBLAGES; PATTERNS; DEEP; NAPLES; BIOCONSTRUCTIONS; VARIABILITY; TURNOVER; DYNAMICS AB Sciaphilous organisms compose the Mediterranean coralligenous assemblages which have solar irradiance reduction in the water column as a main structuring environmental factor. These communities and associated habitats are taken into consideration for protection at European level, and monitoring activities of their status are mandatory (Marine Strategy Framework Directive, 2008/56/EC) representing hot spots of biodiversity. However, sampling activities of these habitats are often very expensive, thus, in recent years, remote surveys performed by underwater robots (ROVs) are more and more applied. In the present investigation Morphological Groups (MGs), which are parataxonomic proxies allowing to describe coralligenous assemblages using ROV images, are used to assess community structure and diversity of six randomly chosen sites in the Gulf of Naples, as representative of three substrate types (boulders/debris, rocky cliff and sand/mud) at two depths (De < 60m and 60m < De < 90 m). Results are also related to specific values of a previously developed index, Coralligenous Biocostructions Quality Index (CBQI), in order to evaluate if their beta-diversity, measured as small-scale heterogeneity (differences among replicates), might represent a good indicator of assemblages quality status. Results show that the most abundant MGs in all substrates and depths are represented by crustose coralline algae and encrusting sponges, which account for significant quantitative differences only among sites (p < 0.001), but not among the substrate and among the depth factors (p = 0.5246). On the contrary, significant differences in beta-diversity among substrates and depths are detected (p = 0.004), highlighting a peculiar result: more heterogeneous assemblages are associated to low CBQI values. Such findings suggest that, i) similar coralligenous assemblages structures are strictly related to edaphic factors; ii) the apparent contradiction between high CBQI values and low heterogeneities might be explained by the long successional process of bioconstruction formation, converging in similar assemblages coherently with substrate and depth-related factors. Thus, to this respect, a low small-scale heterogeneity of assemblages (as a proxy of beta-diversity measure) may be considered as a reliable indicator of high quality status. C1 [Appolloni, L.; Ferrigno, F.; Russo, G. F.; Sandulli, R.] Parthenope Univ Naples, Dept Sci & Technol DiST, Marine Ecol Lab, Naples, Italy. [Appolloni, L.; Ferrigno, F.; Russo, G. F.; Sandulli, R.] Consorzio Nazl Interuniv Sci Mare CoNISMa, Rome, Italy. RP Appolloni, L (reprint author), Parthenope Univ Naples, Dept Sci & Technol DiST, Marine Ecol Lab, Ctr Direz, Isola C4, I-80143 Naples, Italy. EM luca.appolloni@uniparthenope.it FU Marine Protected Area of Punta Campanella; Marine Protected Area of Regno di Nettuno FX This research project was supported by Marine Protected Areas of Punta Campanella and Regno di Nettuno. Many thanks are also due to the ROV pilots of Subonica Ltd. for field activities and data acquisition. NR 57 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 32 U2 32 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X EI 1872-7034 J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 109 AR 105840 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.105840 PG 8 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA JT4CY UT WOS:000500940400020 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Beresford, AE Donald, PF Buchanan, GM AF Beresford, Alison E. Donald, Paul F. Buchanan, Graeme M. TI Repeatable and standardised monitoring of threats to Key Biodiversity Areas in Africa using Google Earth Engine SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE FIRMS; Fire frequency; Nightlights; Tree cover; Tree loss ID IMPORTANT BIRD AREAS; NIGHTTIME LIGHT DATA; URBANIZATION DYNAMICS; SATELLITE DATA; LAND-COVER; DEFORESTATION; CONSERVATION; TERRESTRIAL; ALGORITHM; SYSTEM AB Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs) are sites that make significant contributions to the global persistence of biodiversity, but identification of sites alone is not sufficient to ensure their conservation. Monitoring is essential if pressures on these sites are to be identified, priorities set and appropriate responses developed. Here, we describe how analysis of freely available data on a cloud-processing platform (Google Earth Engine) can be used to assess changes in three example remotely sensed threat indicators (fire frequency, tree loss and night-time lights) over time on KBAs in Africa. We develop easily repeatable methods with shared code that could be applied across any geographic area and could be adapted and applied to other datasets as they become available. Fire frequency was found to have increased significantly on 12.4% of KBAs and 15.9% of ecoregions, whilst rates of forest loss increased significantly on 24.3% of KBAs and 22.6% of ecoregions. There was also evidence of significant increases in night-time lights on over half (53.3%) of KBAs and 39.6% of ecoregions between 1992 and 2013, and on 11.6% of KBAs and 53.0% of ecoregions between 2014 and 2018. C1 [Beresford, Alison E.; Buchanan, Graeme M.] Royal Soc Protect Birds, RSPB Ctr Conservat Sci, 2 Lochside View, Edinburgh EH12 9DH, Midlothian, Scotland. [Donald, Paul F.] BirdLife Int, David Attenborough Bldg,Pembroke St, Cambridge CB2 3QZ, England. RP Beresford, AE (reprint author), Royal Soc Protect Birds, RSPB Ctr Conservat Sci, 2 Lochside View, Edinburgh EH12 9DH, Midlothian, Scotland. EM alison.beresford@rspb.org.uk NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 17 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X EI 1872-7034 J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 109 AR 105763 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.105763 PG 9 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA JT4CY UT WOS:000500940400050 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Carvalho, RL Andresen, E Baronio, GJ Oliveira, VHF Louzada, J Braga, RF AF Carvalho, Raquel L. Andresen, Ellen Baronio, Gudryan J. Oliveira, Victor H. F. Louzada, Julio Braga, Rodrigo F. TI Is dung removal a good proxy for other dung beetle functions when monitoring for conservation? A case study from the Brazilian Amazon SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE Tropical rainforest; Conservation monitoring; Ecological function; Secondary seed dispersal; Soil excavation ID ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; ECOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS; RAIN-FOREST; BIODIVERSITY; DIVERSITY; SCARABAEINAE; IMPACTS; SUCCESS; SYSTEMS AB Dung beetles are increasingly used as a focal taxon for conservation monitoring. Dung removal is the most commonly quantified ecological function performed by dung beetles, since it is assumed to be strongly related to many other functions, such as soil excavation, pest control, nutrient cycling, secondary seed dispersal, etc. However, results of some studies suggest that this assumption may not always hold. We carried out a field study in the Brazilian Amazon to address four questions: (1) Does dung removal explain soil excavation and seed dispersal of small, medium and large seeds?; (2) Does soil excavation explain seed dispersal?; (3) Does land-use type affect the relationships between functions?; (4) Do the relationships between dung beetle functions and community attributes help us understand the relationships between functions? We sampled dung beetles and their functions in 58 transects distributed across four land-use types: primary forest, secondary forest, agriculture and pasture. Dung removal did not explain soil excavation or seed dispersal, except the dispersal of small seeds in the primary forest; the latter result indicates that land-use can affect the relationships between functions. The dispersal of small, medium and large seeds was explained by soil excavation, and these relationships were not affected by land-use type. In general, the relationships between functions and community attributes that we assessed had little value in helping us interpret the relationships between functions. Our results indicate that dung removal may not always be a good proxy for other dung-beetle mediated functions; furthermore, the relationship between dung removal and other functions (e.g. small-seed dispersal) can vary depending on environmental conditions (e.g. land-use). When dung beetles are used for conservation monitoring, we recommend that ecological functions of interest be quantified empirically, in addition to dung removal. Studies that have a particular interest in the function of secondary seed dispersal, or other dung-beetle functions associated with bioturbation (e.g. soil aeration), may consider using soil excavation as a proxy variable. C1 [Carvalho, Raquel L.] Univ Fed Uberlandia, Inst Biol, Uberlandia, MG, Brazil. [Andresen, Ellen] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Invest Ecosistemas & Sustentabilidad, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. [Baronio, Gudryan J.] Univ Fed Vales Jequitinhonha & Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brazil. [Oliveira, Victor H. F.; Louzada, Julio] Univ Fed Lavras, Inst Ecol, Lavras, MG, Brazil. [Braga, Rodrigo F.] Univ Estado Minas Gerais, Divinopolis, MG, Brazil. RP Carvalho, RL (reprint author), Univ Fed Uberlandia, Inst Biol, Uberlandia, MG, Brazil. EM raqueluly@gmail.com FU FAPEMIGMinas Gerais State Research Foundation (FAPEMIG); CAPES (PDSE program)CAPES [88881.189712/2018-01]; CAPES/PNPD/UFVJM [88887.352134/2019-00] FX This study was part of the project "Sustainability of land use in the Eastern Amazon-Sustainable Amazon Network (RAS). RC is thankful for scholarships from FAPEMIG and CAPES (PDSE program, process number 88881.189712/2018-01). GJB is grateful for a postdoctoral fellowship awarded by CAPES/PNPD/UFVJM (process number 88887.352134/2019-00). We thank two anonymous reviewers for constructive comments to an earlier version of the manuscript. NR 52 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X EI 1872-7034 J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 109 AR 105841 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.105841 PG 8 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA JT4CY UT WOS:000500940400036 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Fluet-Chouinard, E Stewart-Koster, B Davidson, N Finlayson, CM McIntyre, PB AF Fluet-Chouinard, Etienne Stewart-Koster, Ben Davidson, Nick Finlayson, C. Max McIntyre, Peter B. TI Reciprocal insights from global aquatic stressor maps and local reporting across the Ramsar wetland network SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE Freshwater ecosystems; Multi-stressor; Global mapping; In situ monitoring; Ramsar convention; Wetlands ID FRESH-WATER ECOSYSTEMS; HUMAN IMPACT; MULTIPLE STRESSORS; BIODIVERSITY; MARINE; MANAGEMENT; THREATS; MODEL; RESTORATION; SECURITY AB Aquatic ecosystems are exposed to a host of anthropogenic stressors whose combined effect can be synthesized with cumulative stress indices. The reliability of cumulative stress indices depends primarily on: 1) stressor incidence maps derived from remote sensing or modeling but rarely validated against on-the-ground observations, and 2) the weighting scheme used to combine multiple stressors into a cumulative index typically based on expert opinion. In this paper, we evaluate the exposure and weights for 13 aquatic stressor maps of the world's rivers with a comparison against local stress reporting across 1018 inland and coastal sites from the Ramsar Wetlands of International Importance. We found that globally-mapped and locally-reported stressors are poorly aligned overall (AUC-ROC = 0.50-0.63), and that concordance did not improve when stratifying by ecosystem types or continents. Agreement varied across individual stressors, was highest for hydrological stressors and lowest for habitat disconnectivity stressors. We estimated stressor weights from the comparison and found them to be remarkably aligned well with expert-generated weights, suggesting there is convergence on a stressor hierarchy across local and global scales. Our comparison illustrates the value of integrating data across scales to inform the calculation of global stressor indices. Continued systematic stressor monitoring across environmental observation networks is central to benchmarking maps of ecosystem stress globally. C1 [Fluet-Chouinard, Etienne; McIntyre, Peter B.] Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Limnol, 680 N Pk St, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Stewart-Koster, Ben] Griffith Univ, Australian Rivers Inst, 170 Kessels Rd, Nathan, Qld 4111, Australia. [Davidson, Nick] Nick Davidson Environm, Queens House,Ford St, Wigmore HR6 9UN, England. [Davidson, Nick; Finlayson, C. Max] Charles Sturt Univ, Inst Land Water & Soc, Elizabeth Mitchell Dr,POB 789, Albury, NSW 2640, Australia. [Finlayson, C. Max] IHE Delft, Inst Water Educ, NL-2601 DA Delft, Netherlands. [Fluet-Chouinard, Etienne] Stanford Univ, Dept Earth Syst Sci, 473 Via Ortega, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [McIntyre, Peter B.] Cornell Univ, Dept Nat Resources, Fernow Hall, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. RP Fluet-Chouinard, E (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Limnol, 680 N Pk St, Madison, WI 53706 USA.; Fluet-Chouinard, E (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Earth Syst Sci, 473 Via Ortega, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM efluet@stanford.edu FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of CanadaNatural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Packard Fellowship in Science and Engineering; US National Science FoundationNational Science Foundation (NSF) [DEB-1115025]; Fonds de recherche du Quebec-Nature et technologies (FQRNT) bourses de doctorat en recherche FX Funding for this work was provided by the Postgraduate Scholarships Program of the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, a Packard Fellowship in Science and Engineering, the US National Science Foundation (DEB-1115025) and Fonds de recherche du Quebec-Nature et technologies (FQRNT) bourses de doctorat en recherche. We thank the McIntyre lab group, Avni Malhotra, Paul Block, Stephen Carpenter, Emily Stanley and Monica Turner for comments on the manuscript. NR 56 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 15 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X EI 1872-7034 J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 109 AR 105772 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.105772 PG 9 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA JT4CY UT WOS:000500940400048 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Gardon, FR de Toledo, RM Brentan, BM dos Santos, RF AF Gardon, Fernando Ravanini de Toledo, Renato Miazaki Brentan, Bruno Melo dos Santos, Rozely Ferreira TI Rainfall interception and plant community in young forest restorations SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE Forest restoration; Plant community; Rainfall interception; Ecosystem services; Monitoring; Tropical forest ID ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; NET PRECIPITATION; WATER; THROUGHFALL; STEMFLOW; DIVERSITY AB The conversion of tropical forests to human land-use threatens biodiversity conservation and the delivery of many ecosystem services, especially water-related ecosystem services. In these landscapes, many investments have been made to restore native forests and recover hydrological processes lost by deforestation. Rainfall interception is a key hydrological process for water-related ecosystem services' maintenance, which plays an important role in runoff, infiltration, erosion control, and flood regulation. We evaluated rainfall interception over a 1-year period in eight restoration sites within the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. We used the interception function as an indicator of water dynamics recovery in actively restored forests. Monthly rainfall interception was measured by 80 interceptometers distributed within the sites (10/site), and 24 pluviometers were installed in open fields (3/site) close to the restoration sites to collect total precipitation (P) incidents over the sites. We also measured plant community attributes involved in the interception process (density, basal area, tree species richness, and the ratio of deciduous plants). The average rainfall interception reached 21.4 +/- 3.9%, but a significant variability was observed among sites. Results showed that 65% of the monthly interception collected is below 30 mm.month(-1). Basal area and species richness were forest attributes positively correlated to each other and the most important in the interception process. The results show that actively restored forests can reestablish rainfall interception rates similar to those of mature tropical forests in the short term (10 years). In addition, more time or complementary interventions are needed for plant communities to reach expected attributes' values. Self-organized maps analysis showed a negative relationship between interception and the proportion of deciduous plant individuals. We present information to support land-use policy decisions, as the results revealed insights regarding the effects on the water cycle that may result from increasing forest cover. We argue that restoring ecosystem services should be the main goal of restoration programs and determining if hydrological processes are being effectively recovered by restoration actions is crucial for achieving water sustainability. C1 [Gardon, Fernando Ravanini; Brentan, Bruno Melo] Univ Estadual Campinas, Sch Civil Engn Architecture & Urban Design, Dept Water Resources, Rua Saturnino de Brito, BR-13083889 Campinas, SP, Brazil. [Gardon, Fernando Ravanini; de Toledo, Renato Miazaki; dos Santos, Rozely Ferreira] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Biosci, Dept Ecol, Rua Matao,Travessa 14,321 Cidade Univ, BR-05508900 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Brentan, Bruno Melo] Univ Lorraine, Ctr Rech Controle & Automat Nancy, 2 Rue Jean Lamour, F-54500 Vandoeuvres Les Nancy, France. RP Gardon, FR (reprint author), Univ Estadual Campinas, Sch Civil Engn Architecture & Urban Design, Dept Water Resources, Rua Saturnino de Brito, BR-13083889 Campinas, SP, Brazil.; Gardon, FR (reprint author), Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Biosci, Dept Ecol, Rua Matao,Travessa 14,321 Cidade Univ, BR-05508900 Sao Paulo, Brazil. EM fernandogardon@hotmail.com OI Ravanini Gardon, Fernando/0000-0002-7103-6831 FU CAPES - Coordenacdo de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel SuperiorCAPES [01P03428/2014]; PROAP - Programa de Apoio a Pos-Graduacao FX This study was supported by CAPES - Coordenacdo de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior [grant number: 01P03428/2014] and PROAP - Programa de Apoio a Pos-Graduacao. NR 61 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 29 U2 29 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X EI 1872-7034 J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 109 AR 105779 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.105779 PG 6 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA JT4CY UT WOS:000500940400047 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Lazzari, N Martin-Lopez, B Sanabria-Fernandez, JA Becerro, MA AF Lazzari, Natali Martin-Lopez, Berta Sanabria-Fernandez, Jose A. Becerro, Mikel A. TI Alpha and beta diversity across coastal marine social-ecological systems: Implications for conservation SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE Andalusia; Coastal management; Littoral fish; Marine biodiversity; Mediterranean Sea ID FUNCTIONAL DIVERSITY; ECOSYSTEM SERVICE; BIODIVERSITY; FRAMEWORK; REDUNDANCY; COMPONENTS; ABUNDANCE; DYNAMICS; HOTSPOTS AB Cumulative anthropogenic activities in coastal regions are a major threat to their marine biodiversity. The consideration of coastal marine areas as social-ecological systems (CMSESs) can be useful for marine biodiversity conservation. This integrative approach incorporates social information that can link anthropogenic activities to marine biodiversity, providing opportunities for improving conservation policies tailored to the specific reality of the CMSESs. Here, we assessed the beta and alpha diversity of the shallow littoral fish communities present in the Andalusian CMSESs and explored how they relate to socioeconomic and marine environmental variables. We used underwater visual surveys to estimate the fish abundance data needed to calculate the alpha and beta diversity of the fish species. We quantified the species and functional beta diversity using abundance-based data. We also quantified species richness index as indicators of species alpha diversity, and functional evenness as indicators of functional alpha diversity. We found that the association of marine environmental and socioeconomic variables with biodiversity varied with CMSES. Empirical inclusion of biodiversity in social-ecological systems research of marine and coastal areas can provide insights on human-nature dynamics. This can contribute to design more effective marine biodiversity conservation programs that consider both the socioeconomic and marine environmental characteristics of each CMSES. C1 [Lazzari, Natali; Sanabria-Fernandez, Jose A.; Becerro, Mikel A.] Ctr Adv Studies Blanes CEAB CSIC, BITES Lab, Acc Cala S Francesc 14, Blanes 17300, Gerona, Spain. [Martin-Lopez, Berta] Leuphana Univ Luneburg, Fac Sustainabil, Inst Eth & Transdisciplinary Sustainabil Res, Univ Allee 1, D-21355 Luneburg, Germany. [Sanabria-Fernandez, Jose A.] INMAR, Dept Phys Chem, Fac Marine & Environm Sci, Avd Republ Arabe Saharaui S-N, Puerto Real 11510, Spain. RP Lazzari, N (reprint author), Ctr Adv Studies Blanes CEAB CSIC, BITES Lab, Acc Cala S Francesc 14, Blanes 17300, Gerona, Spain. EM lazzari.natali@gmail.com; martinlo@leuphana.de; jsanabriafernandez@gmail.com; mikel.becerro@csic.es RI ; Martin-Lopez, Berta/R-9397-2017 OI Lazzari, Natali/0000-0002-5546-3382; Martin-Lopez, Berta/0000-0003-2622-0135 FU Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness [CGL2013-49122-C3-1-R] FX We thank all the RLS divers who have contributed to biological data collection in the Andalusian coast and all the dive centers that made the sampling possible. We also appreciate the constructive comments from Dr. Rick D. Stuart-Smith, Dr. Joao Carlos Marques and two anonymous reviewers, which helped improve the quality of our manuscript. This study was supported by the Project MARINERES, CGL2013-49122-C3-1-R of the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness. NR 52 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 27 U2 27 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X EI 1872-7034 J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 109 AR 105786 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.105786 PG 8 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA JT4CY UT WOS:000500940400001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Lehmitz, R Haase, H Otte, V Russell, D AF Lehmitz, Ricarda Haase, Henning Otte, Volker Russell, David TI Bioindication in peatlands by means of multi-taxa indicators (Oribatida, Araneae, Carabidae, Vegetation) SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE Assessment system; Ecological assessment; Indicator suite; Habitat quality; Geographic distance; Agonum ericeti ID GROUND BEETLES COLEOPTERA; MITES ACARI; LAND-USE; FOREST MANAGEMENT; CARBON BALANCE; PITFALL TRAPS; SOIL; BOG; ASSEMBLAGES; DISPERSAL AB Peatlands host a large number of highly specialised species and are important carbon storage and freshwater reservoirs, but are heavily threatened by, e.g., peat extraction and drainage. For improved protection of peatlands, the development of an ecological assessment system is necessary. Existing systems based, for instance, on peat formation and water level are rather coarse and differ between countries. The aim of the present study was therefore to evaluate the predictive power of biodiversity indicators - particularly invertebrates (Oribatida, Araneae, Carabidae) and vegetation - for more finely reflecting environmental conditions in Sphagnum-dominated peatlands in order to determine which taxonomic groups should be included in an ecological assessment system for peatlands. Therefore, we selected three plots in each of four peatland study sites in a German low mountain range and sampled the taxonomic groups using standard methods appropriate to represent assemblage structure and site diversity (Oribatida: Sphagnum samples; Araneae, Carabidae: pitfalls traps; vegetation: vegetation surveys). Our results indicate the necessity of implementing different taxonomic groups into an overall ecological assessment system, as all of them reacted differently to different ecological gradients. Oribatid mites were the best predictors of moisture, one of the most important factors in peatlands. Ground-dwelling spiders responded to several different factors; most remarkably, they strongly correlated with landscape area covered by peatland-related Natura 2000 habitat types, as a proxy for habitat quality. Carabidae most strongly correlated with the size of the Sphagnum plots, moss cover and moisture, but their species richness was very low. Vegetation, as the best established indicator group in peatlands, showed the weakest correlations to the tested environmental parameters, probably due to short-term changes in environmental conditions and a delayed response of the plant community. Hence, the set of most relevant environmental parameters can only be represented when multiple taxa are included in an assessment system. Also, overall biodiversity is not represented by a single taxon, because the correlation in assemblage similarity between the taxonomic groups was low. Considering ecological sensitivity, sampling effort (=number of samples and necessary site visits), taxonomic stability and state of knowledge on species' habitat requirements, we therefore suggest the inclusion of ground-dwelling spiders, oribatid mites and vegetation in an ecological assessment system for peatlands, complemented by a few sensitive, easy to recognize indicator species of other taxonomic groups. C1 [Lehmitz, Ricarda; Haase, Henning; Otte, Volker; Russell, David] Senckenberg Museum Nat Hist Gorlitz, Museum 1, D-02826 Gorlitz, Germany. RP Lehmitz, R (reprint author), Senckenberg Museum Nat Hist Gorlitz, Museum 1, D-02826 Gorlitz, Germany. EM Ricarda.Lehmitz@senckenberg.de; Henning.Haase@tu-dresden.de; Volker.Otte@senckenberg.de; David.Russell@senckenberg.de NR 130 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 25 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X EI 1872-7034 J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 109 AR 105837 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.105837 PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA JT4CY UT WOS:000500940400013 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Li, S Dong, SK Shen, H Xu, YD Gao, XX Han, YH Zhang, J Yang, MY Li, Y Zhao, ZZ Yang, YF Liu, SL Zhou, HK Dong, QM Swift, D AF Li, Shuai Dong, Shikui Shen, Hao Xu, Yudan Gao, Xiaoxia Han, Yuhui Zhang, Jing Yang, Mingyue Li, Yu Zhao, Zhenzhen Yang, Yunfeng Liu, Shiliang Zhou, Huakun Dong, Quanming Swift, David TI Nitrogen addition gradient can regulate the environmental filtering of soil potassium or phosphorus in shaping the community assembly of alpine meadow SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau; Alpine meadow; Community assembly; Plant traits; Phylogenetic signal ID NUTRIENT AVAILABILITY; PLANT BIODIVERSITY; SPATIAL-PATTERNS; SPECIES RICHNESS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; N2O EMISSIONS; DEPOSITION; TRAITS; ECOSYSTEMS; DIVERSITY AB Nitrogen (N) deposition and warming leads to environmental gradients that shape plant communities and ecological diversity, space is treated as an equally important variable as the environmental variables in the environmental gradients. The Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP) is very sensitive to large increases in N deposition rates and warming. Environmental gradients caused by N deposition and spatial factors act as environmental filtering in community assembly by affecting plant functional traits and phylogeny. To investigate the effects of environmental filtering caused by N deposition on the community assembly in alpine meadows, we randomly placed and fertilized at 6 levels of N addition (no N addition, 8 kg N ha(-1) year(-1), 24 kg N ha(-1) year(-1), 40 kg N ha(-1) year(-1), 56 kg N ha(-1) year(-1) and 72 kg N ha(-1) year(-1)) both in a normal (normal precipitation and normal temperature) year and a warm (normal precipitation and warm) year. We used the fourth-corner analysis and extended RLQ (R stands for a matrix of environmental variables by samples, L stands for a species-cover-by-samples matrix and Q stands for a species-by-traits matrix) through multiple factors (soil factors, spatial heterogeneity, species traits, phylogenetic factor) to examine the effects of environmental filtering on the community assembly in alpine meadows. The results demonstrated that all soil variables showed a clear gradient and were affected by simulated N deposition; N addition at 8 kg N ha(-1) year(-1) can filtrate the species of the gramineae, but N addition at 72 kg N ha(-1) year(-1) can filtrate the species of non-gramineae, the main factors of environmental filtering were potassium in normal year and phosphorus in warm year. With the increase of N deposition rate in alpine meadow of QTP, non-gramineous plants will be favored first, but eventually gramineous plants will occupy the dominant position in the QTP. Rational mitigation strategies should be developed for different climate change scenarios of alpine grasslands on the QTP according to their responses to the N addition gradients and climate change scenarios in the future. C1 [Li, Shuai; Dong, Shikui; Shen, Hao; Xu, Yudan; Gao, Xiaoxia; Han, Yuhui; Zhang, Jing; Yang, Mingyue; Li, Yu; Liu, Shiliang] Beijing Normal Univ, Sch Environm, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. [Zhao, Zhenzhen] Shanghai Univ, Sch Environm & Chem Engn, Shanghai 200444, Peoples R China. [Yang, Yunfeng] Tsinghua Univ, Sch Environm, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Zhou, Huakun] Chinese Acad Sci, Northwest Inst Plateau Biol, Key Lab Restorat Ecol Cold Are Qinghai Prov, Xining 810008, Qinghai, Peoples R China. [Dong, Quanming] Qinghai Univ, Qinghai Acad Anim Husb & Vet Sci, Xining 810003, Qinghai, Peoples R China. [Swift, David] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Dong, SK (reprint author), Beijing Normal Univ, Sch Environm, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. EM dsk03037@bnu.edu.cn FU Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program [2019QZKK0307]; National Key R&D Program of China [2016YFC0501906]; State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control (Beijing Normal University) [17L03ESP]; Key R & D Program of Qinghai Province [2019-SF-145, 2018-NK-A2]; Qinghai innovation platform construction project [2017-ZJ-Y20] FX This research was financially supported by the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program (2019QZKK0307), National Key R&D Program of China (2016YFC0501906), State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control (Beijing Normal University) (17L03ESP), Key R & D Program of Qinghai Province (2019-SF-145 & 2018-NK-A2), Qinghai innovation platform construction project (2017-ZJ-Y20). The authors would also thank the anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments, the endeavor of editors and reviewers was also appreciated. NR 63 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 42 U2 42 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X EI 1872-7034 J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 109 AR 105774 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.105774 PG 8 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA JT4CY UT WOS:000500940400045 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Metcalf, OC Lees, AC Barlow, J Marsden, SJ Devenish, C AF Metcalf, Oliver C. Lees, Alexander C. Barlow, Jos Marsden, Stuart J. Devenish, Christian TI hardRain: An R package for quick, automated rainfall detection in ecoacoustic datasets using a threshold-based approach SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE Ecoacoustics; Environmental monitoring; Bioacoustics; Soundscape ecology; Rain detection; Acoustic pre-processing ID ACOUSTIC INDEXES; BIODIVERSITY; IDENTIFICATION; SOUND AB The increasing demand for cost-efficient biodiversity data at large spatiotemporal scales has led to an increase in the collection of large ecoacoustic datasets. Whilst the ease of collection and storage of audio data has rapidly increased and costs fallen, methods for robust analysis of the data have not developed so quickly. Identification and classification of audio signals to species level is extremely desirable, but reliability can be highly affected by non-target noise, especially rainfall. Despite this demand, there are few easily applicable pre-processing methods available for rainfall detection for conservation practitioners and ecologists. Here, we use threshold values of two simple measures, Power Spectrum Density (amplitude) and Signal-to-Noise Ratio at two frequency bands, to differentiate between the presence and absence of heavy rainfall. We assess the effect of using different threshold values on Accuracy and Specificity. We apply the method to four datasets from both tropical and temperate regions, and find that it has up to 99% accuracy on tropical datasets (e.g. from the Brazilian Amazon), but performs less well in temperate environments. This is likely due to the intensity of rainfall in tropical forests and its falling on dense, broadleaf vegetation amplifying the sound. We show that by choosing between different threshold values, informed trade-offs can be made between Accuracy and Specificity, thus allowing the exclusion of large amounts of audio data containing rainfall in all locations without the loss of data not containing rain. We assess the impact of using different sample sizes of audio data to set threshold values, and find that 200 15 s audio files represents an optimal trade-off between effort, accuracy and specificity in most scenarios. This methodology and accompanying R package 'hardRain' is the first automated rainfall detection tool for pre-processing large acoustic datasets without the need for any additional rain gauge data. C1 [Metcalf, Oliver C.; Lees, Alexander C.; Marsden, Stuart J.; Devenish, Christian] Manchester Metropolitan Univ, Sch Sci & Environm, Dept Nat Sci, Manchester, Lancs, England. [Lees, Alexander C.] Cornell Univ, Cornell Lab Ornithol, Ithaca, NY USA. [Barlow, Jos] Univ Lancaster, Lancaster Environm Ctr, Lancaster, Lancs, England. [Barlow, Jos] Univ Fed Lavras, Dept Biol, Lavras, MG, Brazil. RP Metcalf, OC (reprint author), Manchester Metropolitan Univ, Sch Sci & Environm, Dept Nat Sci, Manchester, Lancs, England. EM o.metcalf@mmu.ac.uk OI Devenish, Christian/0000-0002-5249-0844; Lees, Alexander/0000-0001-7603-9081 FU ECOFOR [NE/K016431/1]; AFIRE [NE/P004512/1]; PELD-RAS [CNPq/CAPES/PELD 441659/2016-0]; Rainforest Trust; Chester Zoo FX We are very grateful for the insightful comments of Carol Bedoya who kindly provided feedback on the Manuscript. We are also grateful to J. Ferreira, E. Berenguer, L. Rossi and F. Franca for logistical field support in Brazil, R. Junaid and G. C. Aprianto in Java, M. Mcready, M. Rowcliffe, J. Ewen, E. Williams and S. Collins in New Zealand, and M. Lororio-Leturiondo and G. Abercrombie in the UK. Fieldwork in Brazil was supported by research grants ECOFOR (NE/K016431/1), and AFIRE (NE/P004512/1), PELD-RAS (CNPq/CAPES/PELD 441659/2016-0) and in Java through funding from the Rainforest Trust and Chester Zoo. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X EI 1872-7034 J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 109 AR 105793 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.105793 PG 7 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA JT4CY UT WOS:000500940400032 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Oberprieler, SK Andersen, AN Yeates, DK AF Oberprieler, Stefanie K. Andersen, Alan N. Yeates, David K. TI Selecting complementary target taxa for representing terrestrial invertebrate diversity in the Australian seasonal tropics SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE Bioindicator; Conservation planning; Cross-taxon congruence; Faunal survey; Rapid biodiversity assessment; Representativeness ID KAKADU-NATIONAL-PARK; GROUND BEETLES COLEOPTERA; BIODIVERSITY ASSESSMENT; COMMUNITY SIMILARITY; SPECIES RICHNESS; SMALL MAMMALS; CONSERVATION; INDICATORS; FOREST; CONGRUENCE AB It is usually not practical for invertebrates to be comprehensively included in biodiversity surveys that underpin conservation planning, and so a representative subset of taxa needs to be selected. One approach to representativeness is to select taxa whose patterns of richness and composition are most strongly correlated with those of total invertebrates (i.e. all taxa combined). However, if different groups show very different distribution patterns then 'total diversity' cannot be considered as representative of the diversity of invertebrate taxa, and so an alternative approach to achieving representativeness is to base selection on complementarity (i.e. representing the full range of distribution patterns shown by different taxa). We use data on 12 invertebrate families (comprising ants, beetles, flies and spiders) sampled using pitfall traps across 78 sites in a tropical savanna landscape of northern Australia to identify a subset of target taxa (families) to represent their diversity patterns. We use a simple scoring system that incorporates both survey practicality and biological representativeness to compare selection of taxa based on (1) representing 'total diversity' and (2) representativeness through complementarity ('complementary diversity'). Congruence among taxa in terms of both species richness and composition was generally low (rho < 0.5), suggesting that taxa are poorly representative of each other and thus a complementary approach is required for target taxa selection. The taxa that scored highest in representing 'complementary diversity' were very different to those representing 'total diversity'. To our knowledge, this is the first time that invertebrate representativeness based on 'total diversity' and 'complementary diversity' have been directly compared. The selected target taxa are specific to our study system, but our simple method for selecting representative invertebrate taxa for conservation planning is widely applicable, including for biodiversity monitoring and environmental impact assessment. C1 [Oberprieler, Stefanie K.; Andersen, Alan N.] CSIRO Trop Ecosyst Res Ctr, PMB 44 Winnellie, Darwin, NT 0822, Australia. [Oberprieler, Stefanie K.; Andersen, Alan N.] Charles Darwin Univ, Res Inst Environm & Livelihoods, Darwin, NT 0909, Australia. [Oberprieler, Stefanie K.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Biol, Acton Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia. [Yeates, David K.] CSIRO Australian Natl Insect Collect, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. RP Oberprieler, SK (reprint author), Charles Darwin Univ, Yellow Bldg 2,Ellengowan Dr, Darwin, NT 0909, Australia. EM stef_oberprieler@hotmail.com RI Yeates, David K/A-9917-2008 OI Yeates, David K/0000-0001-7729-6143 NR 85 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X EI 1872-7034 J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 109 AR 105836 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.105836 PG 8 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA JT4CY UT WOS:000500940400051 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Pages-Escola, M Hereu, B Rovira, G Medrano, A Aspillaga, E Capdevila, P Linares, C AF Pages-Escola, Marta Hereu, Bernat Rovira, Graciella Medrano, Alba Aspillaga, Eneko Capdevila, Pol Linares, Cristina TI Unravelling the population dynamics of the Mediterranean bryozoan Pentapora fascialis to assess its role as an indicator of recreational diving for adaptive management of marine protected areas SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE Marine protected areas; Management; Indicators; Diving; Human impacts; Bryozoans ID SCUBA-DIVER BEHAVIOR; BENTHIC COMMUNITIES; MASS-MORTALITY; LIFE-HISTORY; IMPACTS; CORAL; RECRUITMENT; REEF; CONSERVATION; BIODIVERSITY AB Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) have been recognized as effective management and conservation tools to protect marine coastal ecosystems. However, due to an increasing interest in marine ecosystems, recreational activities such as scuba diving are rapidly growing in these areas, highlighting the need to implement adaptive management strategies based on continuous monitoring and evaluation of protected areas. To date, several studies have quantified the impact of diving using benthic species as indicators, such as bryozoans, but usually ignoring their population dynamics. Here, we studied the population dynamics of the abundant and common bryozoan Pentapora fascialis on a Mediterranean MPA with high levels of diving activity. Specifically, we monitored eight different localities with two different levels of diving frequentation (non-frequented versus frequented) from October 2015 to October 2018, accounting for the demographic parameters before and after the summer. Our results showed the impact of diving on the density, recruitment, survival, and size of colonies, reaching higher values on non-frequented localities. In addition, we detected two peaks of recruitment during July 2016 and July 2018, suggesting that bryozoan recruitment events are stochastic, with a high inter-annual variation. Contrastingly, regardless of the diver frequentation level, we found higher growth rates during the colder months and higher necrosis rates after the summer in all the studied localities. Besides the aforementioned differences, the densities observed in this study were much higher compared to previous studies performed in the same area during the 1990s. Taken together, these results suggested rapid population dynamics of P. fascialis, with fast growth rates and a high capacity to recover from perturbations. Despite the quantified effects of diving on our studied species, their abundance in frequented sites remained very low over the whole study period, compromising the use of P. fascialis as an optimal indicator of diving impact for adaptive management of temperate benthic populations. Overall, our results highlight the importance of continuous monitoring programs to unravel the population dynamics of indicator species to effectively manage marine populations and evaluate the impact of human activities on marine protected areas. C1 [Pages-Escola, Marta; Hereu, Bernat; Rovira, Graciella; Medrano, Alba; Aspillaga, Eneko; Capdevila, Pol; Linares, Cristina] Univ Barcelona, Dept Evolutionary Biol Ecol & Environm Sci, Inst Recerca Biodivers IRBIO, Av Diagonal 643, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. [Aspillaga, Eneko] CSIC UIB, IMEDEA, Inst Mediterrani Estudis Avancats, Dept Marine Ecol, C Miquel Marques 21, Esporles 07190, Balearic Island, Spain. [Capdevila, Pol] Univ Oxford, Dept Zool, Oxford OX1 3PS, England. RP Pages-Escola, M (reprint author), Univ Barcelona, Dept Evolutionary Biol Ecol & Environm Sci, Inst Recerca Biodivers IRBIO, Av Diagonal 643, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. EM mpagesescola@gmail.com RI Capdevila, Pol/J-7730-2016; Hereu, Bernat/K-9150-2015; Escola, Marta Pages/AAA-7319-2020; Aspillaga, Eneko/AAH-8613-2019; Rovira, Graciel·la/AAC-5193-2020; Linares, Cristina/A-5244-2018 OI Capdevila, Pol/0000-0002-2842-4302; Hereu, Bernat/0000-0001-6247-7638; Escola, Marta Pages/0000-0003-1782-5124; Aspillaga, Eneko/0000-0002-8888-8731; Linares, Cristina/0000-0003-3855-2743 FU Generalitat de Catalunya (Spain)Generalitat de Catalunya; University of Barcelona (Spain); Generalitat de CatalunyaGeneralitat de Catalunya [2017 SGR 1521] FX We thank Ignasi Montero and Isaac Atienza for their field survey support. This work was supported by Generalitat de Catalunya (Spain) and the University of Barcelona (Spain). The authors are part of the Marine Conservation research group (2017 SGR 1521) funded by Generalitat de Catalunya. NR 65 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X EI 1872-7034 J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 109 AR 105781 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.105781 PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA JT4CY UT WOS:000500940400060 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Podlaski, R Wojdan, D Zelezik, M AF Podlaski, Rafal Wojdan, Dariusz Zelezik, Monika TI A quantitative approach for assessing bark beetle infestations: A study of Pityokteines spinidens Reitt. egg gallery densities in windthrown Abies alba Mill. SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE Single gamma function; Gamma mixture distribution; Generalised linear model (GLM); Generalised additive model (GAM); Survey sampling; Population dynamics ID MOUNTAIN PINE-BEETLE; STATISTICAL-METHOD; NORWAY SPRUCE; TRAP TREES; MODEL; L.; COLONIZATION; BIODIVERSITY; COLEOPTERA; MANAGEMENT AB The presented statistical method enables monitoring of bark beetles that colonise different parts of the wind-thrown tree stem at different densities. The bark beetle, Pityokteines spinidens Reitt. occurring in forests with the fir Abies alba Mill. was used as an example. We propose a three-step statistical procedure. In the first step, a hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), the single gamma function, and the gamma mixture distributions are used to model the distribution of egg galleries of P. spinidens along an A. alba windthrown stem. In the second step, a generalised linear model (GLM) and a generalised additive model (GAM) are employed to analyse the relationships between the number of P. spinidens egg galleries in selected stem sections and the total P. spinidens egg gallery density on the entire A. alba windthrown stem. In the third step, the mean total P. spinidens egg gallery density in the investigated area is estimated using survey sampling with simple random sampling without replacement (SRSWOR). The first and second steps allow us to identify which sections of the A. alba windthrown stem should be evaluated to adequately estimate the total egg gallery density (to save time and money and to reduce the amount of debarking performed per tree). The third step enables the calculation of the estimated relative standard error (to analyse the precision of the proposed method). Data were collected between 1994 and 2003 (data set D1) and in 2014 (data set D2) in forests including A. alba in the Swietokrzyski National Park, Poland. D1 was used to build the GLM and GAM, while D2 was employed to validate the models and to illustrate the proposed method. Six main types of egg gallery distributions along the stem were distinguished. P. spinidens inhabited all parts of the stem of A. alba windthrowns. Validation of the models suggested that the GAM performed better than the GLM. The predicted and observed data were closely consistent. This statistical evaluation of P. spinidens egg gallery densities will aid in the assessment of the ecological roles played by this species in A. alba ecosystems. Similar statistical approaches can be developed for other bark beetles colonising tree stems. C1 [Podlaski, Rafal; Wojdan, Dariusz] Jan Kochanowski Univ Humanities & Sci, Inst Biol, Dept Nat Protect & Plant Physiol, Ul Swietokrzyska 15, PL-25406 Kielce, Poland. [Zelezik, Monika] Jan Kochanowski Univ Humanities & Sci, Chair Environm Shaping & Protect, Ul Swietokrzyska 15, PL-25406 Kielce, Poland. RP Podlaski, R (reprint author), Jan Kochanowski Univ Humanities & Sci, Inst Biol, Dept Nat Protect & Plant Physiol, Ul Swietokrzyska 15, PL-25406 Kielce, Poland. EM r_podlaski@pro.onet.pl NR 54 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 12 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X EI 1872-7034 J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 109 AR 105789 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.105789 PG 10 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA JT4CY UT WOS:000500940400005 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Seidling, W Hamberg, L Malis, F Salemaa, M Kutnar, L Czerepko, J Kompa, T Burianek, V Dupouey, JL Vodalova, A Canullo, R AF Seidling, Walter Hamberg, Leena Malis, Frantisek Salemaa, Maija Kutnar, Lado Czerepko, Janusz Kompa, Thomas Burianek, Vaclav Dupouey, Jean-Luc Vodalova, Anna Canullo, Roberto TI Comparing observer performance in vegetation records by efficiency graphs derived from rarefaction curves SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE Species richness; Observer error; Overlooking rate; Misidentification rate; Singleton species; ICP Forests ID ESTIMATING SPECIES RICHNESS; BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY; FOREST ECOSYSTEMS; PLANT DIVERSITY; BIODIVERSITY; BIAS; COMMUNITIES; PRECISION; ACCURACY; TURNOVER AB Species richness is a key variable in measuring diversity of ecological communities. It is crucial to get reliable estimates for the number of plant species in space (mapping) and - even more important in the context of monitoring - over time. Therefore, knowledge on error rates related to recordings of species numbers should be considered in such inventories. The performance of observers in four field tests to capture species numbers carried out in forest ecosystems in central and southern Europe were compared. Observer-related species accumulation (rarefaction) curves and derived efficiency curves were analysed, resulting in mean error rates of 29.7% and 39.4% over series of plots sized 4m(2) and 100m(2) respectively. As a new approach individual rarefaction and efficiency curves reveal site-specific and spatially differentiated capabilities of observers to register plant species. Since expertise and individual searching strategies are difficult to parametrise, reasons for variation in error rates remain largely unknown. However, statistical modelling with site- and scale-specific mean error rates gave an overview on important influential factors like location, scale, spatial integration, and their interactions. Our results underline the importance to incorporate specific training and inter-comparison measures in monitoring programs and critical perception of results on temporal changes of species richness. C1 [Seidling, Walter] Thunen Inst Forests Ecosyst, Alfred Moller Str 1,Haus 41-42, D-16225 Eberswalde, Germany. [Hamberg, Leena; Salemaa, Maija] Nat Resources Inst Finland Luke, Latokartanonkaari 9, Helsinki 00790, Finland. [Malis, Frantisek] Tech Univ Zvolen, TG Masaryka 24, Zvolen 96053, Slovakia. [Malis, Frantisek; Vodalova, Anna] Natl Forest Ctr, TG Masaryka 22, Zvolen 96092, Slovakia. [Kutnar, Lado] Slovenian Forestry Inst, Vecna Pot 2, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia. [Czerepko, Janusz] Forest Res Inst, IBL, Ul Braci Lesnej 3, PL-05090 Raszyn, Poland. [Kompa, Thomas] Breite Str 26, D-39576 Stendal, Germany. [Burianek, Vaclav] Forestry & Game Management Res Inst, Strnady 136, Jiloviste 25202, Czech Republic. [Dupouey, Jean-Luc] INRA Nancy, French Natl Inst Agr Res, Allee Aboretum, F-54280 Champenaux, France. [Canullo, Roberto] Univ Camerino, Plant Divers & Ecosyst Management Unit, Sch Biosci & Vet Med, Via Pontoni 5, I-62032 Camerino, Italy. RP Seidling, W (reprint author), Thunen Inst Forests Ecosyst, Alfred Moller Str 1,Haus 41-42, D-16225 Eberswalde, Germany. EM walter.seidling@web.de RI Czerepko, Janusz/M-7406-2015 OI Czerepko, Janusz/0000-0002-7485-0134; Hamberg, Leena/0000-0002-0009-7768 FU Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development of the Slovak Republic [406/2017-710/MPRV SR]; [APVV-15-0270] FX We acknowledge all participants of the international and national ground vegetation field inter-comparison courses. Namely at Cansiglio, the CONECOFOR office at the National Forest Service (former Corpo Forestale dello Stato, Rome), the Comando Regionale Veneto, and the personnel of the local Comando Stazione Pian di Cansiglio for their strong support; releves were conducted by VB, JC, JLD, Leonardo Ghirelli, LH, Georgios Karetsos, LK, FM, Taimi Paal, WS, Franz Starlinger; the course was organized and mentored by Maria-Cristina Allegrini and RC; the course was part of the Action C1-GV-15(IT) of the LIFE + FutMon Project. At Gottingen Wolfgang Schmidt (Univ. Gottingen) and Henning Meesenburg (Northwest German Forest Research Institute) organised a suitable site; releves were conducted by Anna Kanold, Bernadett Lambertz, Matthias Schiller, WS, Anett Wenzel, Willy Werner, Jorg Zoldan, the course was organized by WS and mentored by TK. The course at Berlin-Kopenick was made possible by Klaus Pogrzeba (Berliner Forsten) and Reinhardt Kallweit (Landeskompetenzzentrum Brandenburg); releves were conducted by Frank Becker, Betina Heisterberg, TK, Alexander Konopatzky, WS, Anett Wenzel, Willy Werner, the course was organized by WS and mentored by Maria-Sofie Rohner. The course at Zvolen was made possible by Pavel Pavlenda, releves were conducted by VB, Marek GarMr, Jan Hronek, Pavel Kliment, Jan Krajd., Dugan Pavligin, Martin Pirchala, Peter Siakel', Ludovit Vagko, AV; the course was organized and mentored by FM. FM was supported by the project APVV-15-0270 and the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development of the Slovak Republic under Contract 406/2017-710/MPRV SR, task 5. Daniel Ziche (Thiinen Institute) helped to formulate the SQL parts of the SAS programme. We thank Andreas Bolte (Thiinen Institute) for administrative support and two anonymous referees for their profound suggestions improving the text. NR 82 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X EI 1872-7034 J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 109 AR 105790 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.105790 PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA JT4CY UT WOS:000500940400016 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Spitale, D Mair, P Nascimbene, J AF Spitale, Daniel Mair, Petra Nascimbene, Juri TI Patterns of bryophyte life-forms are predictable across land cover types SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE Bryophyte database; Ecological indicators; Herbarium collections; Landscape; Species traits ID GROWTH-FORM; ENVIRONMENTAL FILTERS; POTENTIAL INDICATORS; FUNCTIONAL TRAITS; EPIPHYTIC LICHENS; WATER RELATIONS; CUSHION SIZE; MOSS; BIODIVERSITY; DESICCATION AB Bryophytes are promising indicators for detecting the impact of rapid global change. However, despite their great potential, they are still largely neglected, and their patterns across wide areas and environmental gradients are still poorly explored. Here we tested the capacity of bryophyte life-forms to respond to the main environmental and anthropogenic factors using an herbarium collection of high quality. The database consists of over 40,000 records referred to an Alpine area (Bolzano province, Northern Italy). The main aim of the work was to assess the relationship between bryophyte life-forms and different Corine Land Cover types which spans a wide elevational gradient and land uses. Results showed a broad match between similar land cover types and life-forms composition. For example, there was a positive relationship between plagiotropic forms and coniferous forests and between cushion-turf forms and natural grasslands. Anthropogenic habitats like vineyards and urban areas showed a high proportion of dendroid and thallose forms whereas plagiotropic species were under-represented. Our results indicate that patterns of bryophyte life-forms are predictable across land cover types and altitude thus providing a direct link between the organism and the environmental conditions. C1 [Spitale, Daniel; Mair, Petra] Museum Nat South Tyrol, Via Bottai 1, I-39100 Bozen Bolzano, Italy. [Nascimbene, Juri] Univ Bologna, Dept Biol Geol & Environm Sci, Via Irnerio 42, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. RP Spitale, D (reprint author), Museum Nat South Tyrol, Via Bottai 1, I-39100 Bozen Bolzano, Italy. EM spitale.daniel@gmail.com FU Regional Museums of South Tyrol, Province of Bolzano/Bozen FX This work was funded by the research fund of the Regional Museums of South Tyrol, Province of Bolzano/Bozen in the framework of the BRIOCOLL project. NR 56 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 11 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X EI 1872-7034 J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 109 AR 105799 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.105799 PG 7 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA JT4CY UT WOS:000500940400046 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Vorster, C Samways, MJ Simaika, JP Kipping, J Clausnitzer, V Suhling, F Dijkstra, KDB AF Vorster, Carlien Samways, Michael J. Simaika, John P. Kipping, Jens Clausnitzer, Viola Suhling, Frank Dijkstra, K-D B. TI Development of a new continental-scale index for freshwater assessment based on dragonfly assemblages SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE Freshwater ecosystems; Assessment tool; African Dragonfly Biotic Index; Geographical distribution; Threat status; Species vulnerability ID BIOTIC HOMOGENIZATION; ECOLOGICAL INTEGRITY; GLOBAL BIODIVERSITY; INSECTA ODONATA; CONSERVATION; INDICATORS; QUALITY; THREATS; COMMUNITIES; ECOSYSTEMS AB African freshwater ecosystems are increasingly being impacted by humans, requiring an effective tool to assess these impacts for future conservation action. Such a tool, the Dragonfly Biotic Index (DBI), was earlier developed to assess the quality of South Africa's freshwater ecosystems and is based on combining the scores of three subindices (geographical distribution, threat status, and habitat sensitivity) for each South African dragonfly species. The sum of the DBI scores for all the species recorded at assessed sites indicates the relative quality of these sites. The International Union for the Conservation of Nature/Species Survival Commission (IUCN/SSC) has assessed the threat status of certain aquatic taxa in Africa, including dragonflies. These assessments, coupled with the latest information on the geographical distribution of each species, makes it possible here to geographically expand the South African DBI into a continental-scale assessment index (the African Dragonfly Biotic Index (ADBI)) by adapting the South African DBI sub-indices. We develop this continental index here. However, there are challenges when undertaking an assessment at the continental scale compared to a national scale. In particular, the habitat sensitivity sub-index of the South African DBI is a relative, quantitative measure based on numbers of individual dragonflies recorded from natural versus human-modified or artificial freshwater systems. While the data for the two sub-indices, species' geographical distribution and Red List threat statuses, are available across the continent, this is not the case for the habitat sensitivity sub-index at this large spatial scale. This meant that an alternative sub-index measure was required. We overcame this challenge by exploring an alternative sub-index, i.e. the 'species vulnerability sub-index', based on knowledge of the vulnerabilities of the species to certain types of landscape transformation. Then, the species vulnerability sub-index scores were calculated and combined with the geographical distribution and Red List threat status sub-index scores to develop ADBI scores for a core of 604 dragonfly species with adequate data across the African continent. These ADBI scores provide a workable framework and baseline for determining freshwater quality, both lotic and lentic, relative to human disturbance at a continental spatial scale. The ADBI enables the monitoring of quality changes, for better or worse, over the continent in years to come. Overall, the ADBI also has the potential to help identify threats to, and sensitivities of, African freshwater ecosystems, leading to conservation action. C1 [Vorster, Carlien; Samways, Michael J.] Stellenbosch Univ, Fac AgriSci, Dept Conservat Ecol & Entomol, Private Bag X1, ZA-7602 Matieland, South Africa. [Simaika, John P.] Stellenbosch Univ, Fac AgriSci, Dept Soil Sci, Private Bag X1, ZA-7602 Matieland, South Africa. [Simaika, John P.] IHE Delft Inst Water Educ, Westvest 7, NL-2611 AX Delft, Netherlands. [Kipping, Jens] BioCart Okolog Gutachten & Studien, Albrecht Durer Weg 8, D-04425 Leipzig, Germany. [Clausnitzer, Viola] Senckenberg Museum Nat Hist, Gorlitz, Germany. [Suhling, Frank] Tech Univ Carolo Wilhelmina Braunschweig, Inst Geookol, Langer Kamp 19c, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany. [Dijkstra, K-D B.] Naturalis Biodivers Ctr, Leiden, Netherlands. RP Vorster, C (reprint author), Stellenbosch Univ, Fac AgriSci, Dept Conservat Ecol & Entomol, Private Bag X1, ZA-7602 Matieland, South Africa. EM cvorster@sun.ac.za OI Suhling, Frank/0000-0003-2922-0261; Samways, Michael J./0000-0003-4237-6025 FU JRS Biodiversity Foundation (United States); Mondi Group (Austria) FX This study was funded by the JRS Biodiversity Foundation (United States) and Mondi Group (Austria). We would also like to thank all the African dragonfly specialists (Jean-Pierre Boudot, Gerhard Diedericks, Felicity Grundlingh, Victoria Hippel, Nicolas Meziere, Ida Suhling, Warwick Tarboton and Graham Vick) who contributed to the creation of the African Dragonfly Habitat Matrix, as well as to all the people who have added and/or are still adding data to the Odonata Database of Africa. NR 71 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X EI 1872-7034 J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 109 AR 105819 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.105819 PG 12 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA JT4CY UT WOS:000500940400018 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Weng, BS Yang, YH Yan, DH Wang, JW Dong, GQ Wang, K Qin, TL Dorjsuren, B AF Weng, Baisha Yang, Yuheng Yan, Denghua Wang, Jianwei Dong, Guoqiang Wang, Kun Qin, Tianling Dorjsuren, Batsuren TI Shift in plankton diversity and structure: Influence of runoff composition in the Nagqu River on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE Plankton; Runoff composition; Stable isotopes; Environmental factors; The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau ID STABLE-ISOTOPES; ZOOPLANKTON COMMUNITY; CLIMATIC-CHANGE; WATER-VAPOR; PHYTOPLANKTON; LAKES; DYNAMICS; SURFACE; CONNECTIVITY; GROUNDWATER AB Understanding the response of runoff composition in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) is essential for the ecology and environment. However, precise measurements of runoff composition in the QTP, especially in remote areas with limited climatic records, are a challenge. In rivers and lakes, some plankton is highly sensitive to changes in runoff composition. Here, we demonstrated how plankton indicators could be used as an indicator of runoff composition in the QTP. The stable isotopes of runoff, precipitation, groundwater and snowmelt in 9 sampling sites were studies of the Nagqu River in the QTP. The multi-source mass balance model (IsoSource model) was used to calculate the range of runoff composition at each sampling site. We found that the change of plankton biodiversity was associated to the runoff composition, and groundwater ratio was negatively correlated with biodiversity, while precipitation ratio was positively correlated with biodiversity, but not with snowmelt. Therefore, plankton diversity is expected to be a simple indicator of runoff composition, which can be easily quantified in remote plateau areas. C1 [Weng, Baisha; Yang, Yuheng; Yan, Denghua; Wang, Jianwei; Dong, Guoqiang; Wang, Kun; Qin, Tianling; Dorjsuren, Batsuren] China Inst Water Resources & Hydropower Res, State Key Lab Simulat & Regulat Water Cycle River, Beijing 100038, Peoples R China. [Dorjsuren, Batsuren] Natl Univ Mongolia, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Dept Environm & Forest Engn, Ulaanbaatar 210646, Mongolia. RP Yang, YH (reprint author), China Inst Water Resources & Hydropower Res, State Key Lab Simulat & Regulat Water Cycle River, Beijing 100038, Peoples R China. EM 201513408@mail.sdu.edu.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [41571037, 51879276]; National Key Research and Development Project, China [2016YFA0601503] FX This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 91547209 and No. 51725905), the National Key Research and Development Project, China (No. 2016YFA0601503), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41571037 and No. 51879276). NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 20 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X EI 1872-7034 J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 109 AR 105818 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.105818 PG 7 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA JT4CY UT WOS:000500940400052 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Yang, YJ Song, G Lu, S AF Yang, Yijia Song, Ge Lu, Shuai TI Study on the ecological protection redline (EPR) demarcation process and the ecosystem service value (ESV) of the EPR zone: A case study on the city of Qiqihaer in China SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE Ecosystem function importance; Ecological sensitivity; Ecological protection redline; Ecosystem service value; Land use; GIS ID RED LINE; MANAGEMENT; DELINEATION; IMPACTS; REGION; WORLDS; AREA; GIS AB Although ecosystem service values (ESVs) have been widely used in recent decades, the spatiotemporal changes in ESVs and their hotspots that are based on the demarcation of ecological protection redlines (EPRs) are not well understood. This study was intended to estimate the changes in ESVs in an EPR using land-use data from 2000 and 2010 as well as other related data such as meteorological and statistical data in Qiqihaer, Heilongjiang, China. The results showed that the EPR zone in the study area was 9071.29 km(2), accounting for 21% of the total study area. The EPR zone was mainly in the eastern, western and central southern regions of the study area. The main land-use type was cropland, which accounted for 59.69% and 59.80% of total area of the EPR in 2000 and 2010, respectively. From 2000 to 2010, the areas of wetland and water within the EPR decreased, while the areas of cropland, grassland, forestland, construction land and unused land increased. During this 10-year period, the ESV of the EPR zone decreased by 13.48 million yuan (RMB). Among the various ecosystems, forestland, cropland and wetland were systems with ecosystem services, and their values accounted for 86.21% (2000) and 86.27% (2010) of the total ESV. Among the ESVs, the values of climate regulation (CL), water regulation (WA) and waste treatment (WT) were the highest, accounting for approximately 17% of the total value, followed by soil formation and retention (SFR) and biodiversity (BD). On the whole, the identification of the EPR provides a guideline for the protection and improvement of the geographical ecosystem and is the foundation for building a healthy structure for ecological development. C1 [Yang, Yijia; Song, Ge; Lu, Shuai] Northeast Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, Peoples R China. [Song, Ge] Northeastern Univ, Inst Land Management, Shenyang 110169, Liaoning, Peoples R China. RP Song, G (reprint author), Changjiang Rd 600, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, Peoples R China. EM songge@neau.edu.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [41571165] FX This research was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41571165). We are grateful to all the data providers, including the Data Center for Resources and Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (RESDC) (http://www.resdc.cn), the Geospatial Data Cloud (http://www.gscloud.cn/), the Chinese Meteorological Science Data Sharing Service, the Harmonized World Soil Database (V1.2) and the Cold and Arid Regions Sciences Data Center at Lanzhou (http://westdc.westgis.ac.cn). NR 54 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 38 U2 38 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X EI 1872-7034 J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 109 AR 105754 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.105754 PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA JT4CY UT WOS:000500940400055 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Kaminski, P Jerzak, L Kasprzak, M Kartanas, E Bochenski, M Hromada, M Baszynski, J Kozera, W Wozniak, A Ulrich, W AF Kaminski, Piotr Jerzak, Leszek Kasprzak, Mariusz Kartanas, Edmund Bochenski, Marcin Hromada, Martin Baszynski, Jedrzej Kozera, Wojciech Wozniak, Alina Ulrich, Werner TI Do agricultural environments increase the reproductive success of White Stork Ciconia ciconia populations in South-Western Poland? SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Agricultural environments; Trophic ecology; Landscape ecology; Resource availability; Reproductive success; Environmental protection ID AMERICAN KESTRELS; OXIDATIVE STRESS; BLOOD; BIRDS; BIODIVERSITY; INTENSIFICATION; PARAMETERS; LANDSCAPE; DIVERSITY; LEVEL AB As populations of White Stork Ciconia ciconia have decreased at different rates in Europe, the specific environmental drivers that influence breeding success are a matter of controversy. Here we use body size, blood, and environmental data of a total of 1226 stork nestlings of different ages from a total of 363 nests in three different habitats (meadows, forest-edges, open agricultural landscapes) in S-W Poland to ask whether: 1) natural grassland environments increase the reproductive output in comparison with agricultural landscapes, 2) nestlings from agricultural landscapes differ in health status from nestlings in more natural habitats, 3) differences in environmental stress translate into respective differences in reproductive output and health status of nestlings. There was no significant difference in age corrected body mass and in the temporal increase in nestling mass between the study sites. Clutch sizes were highest and age corrected total clutch mass lowest at the meadow sites while agricultural and woodland sites did not significantly differ. Hemoglobin and red blood cell content were lowest and white blood cell and blood antioxidant concentrations were highest in the meadows indicating higher degrees of environmental stressors. These blood parameters varied strongly among study years. Our study does not confirm that agricultural landscapes are less suited for stork breeding success. We even find some indication of a better health status of nestlings in agricultural environments that might compensate smaller clutch sizes. Our data indicate that reproductive output is multifaceted. As we found some indication of a trade-off between clutch size and health status we argue that only multiple metrics of reproductive success are able to assess the long-term effect of habitat choice on fitness. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Kaminski, Piotr; Baszynski, Jedrzej] Nicolaus Copernicus Univ Torun, Coll Med Bydgoszcz, Dept Med Biol & Biochem, Dept Ecol & Environm Protect, M Sklodowska Curie St 9, PL-85094 Bydgoszcz, Poland. [Kaminski, Piotr] Univ Zielona Gora, Fac Biol Sci, Dept Biotechnol, Prof Z Szafran St 1, PL-65516 Zielona Gora, Poland. [Jerzak, Leszek; Bochenski, Marcin] Univ Zielona Gora, Fac Biol Sci, Dept Nat Protect & Biodivers, Prof Szafran St 1, PL-65516 Zielona Gora, Poland. [Kasprzak, Mariusz] Univ Zielona Gora, Fac Biol Sci, Dept Zool, Prof Z Szafran St 1, PL-65516 Zielona Gora, Poland. [Kartanas, Edmund] Nicolaus Copernicus Univ, Dept Ecol & Biogeog, Lwowska St 1, PL-87100 Torun, Poland. [Hromada, Martin] Univ Presov, Fac Humanities & Nat Sci, Lab & Museum Evolutionary Ecol, Dept Ecol, 17 Novembra 1, SK-08116 Presov, Slovakia. [Kozera, Wojciech] Univ Technol & Life Sci, Fac Agr & Biotechnol, Dept Agr Chem, Seminaryjna St 5, PL-85326 Bydgoszcz, Poland. [Wozniak, Alina] Nicolaus Copernicus Univ, Coll Med Bydgoszcz, Dept Med Biol & Biochem, Karlowicz St 24, PL-85092 Bydgoszcz, Poland. RP Kaminski, P (reprint author), Nicolaus Copernicus Univ Torun, Coll Med Bydgoszcz, Dept Med Biol & Biochem, Dept Ecol & Environm Protect, M Sklodowska Curie St 9, PL-85094 Bydgoszcz, Poland. EM piotr.kaminski@cm.umk.pl; l.jerzak@wnb.uz.zgora.pl; m.kasprzak@wnb.uz.zgora.pl; kartanas@umk.pl; m.bochenski@wnb.uz.zgora.pl; jedrzej.b@poczta.fm; kozera@utp.edu.pl; alina.wozniak@cm.umk.pl; ulrichw@umk.pl RI Wozniak, Alina/H-4699-2014 OI Wozniak, Alina/0000-0002-4492-4796; Hromada, Martin/0000-0002-5626-1205 FU Government Center of Science NCN grant [2014/13/B/NZ8/04681] FX We thank all students and regional workers who participated in this study. The research was undertaken following to the Guidelines of the European Union Council and the current laws in Poland, according to the Ethical Commission (05/2004). The work required two permits from the Local Committee for Animal Research in Gdansk, Poland, and from the Ministry of Nature Conservation, Poland. These were obtained and had respective numbers: LKE Gdansk 20/04 and DLOPiK-op/ogiz-4200/III-21/3706/04/jr. Hazel Pearson kindly improved our English. We acknowledge funding by Government Center of Science NCN grant 2014/13/B/NZ8/04681. NR 62 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 12 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD FEB 1 PY 2020 VL 702 AR UNSP 134503 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134503 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA JS8ZT UT WOS:000500590700007 PM 31726342 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Liu, JK Engel, BA Wang, Y Zhang, GF Zhang, ZM Zhang, MX AF Liu, Jiakai Engel, Bernard A. Wang, Yu Zhang, Guifang Zhang, Zhenming Zhang, Mingxiang TI Multi-scale analysis of hydrological connectivity and plant response in the Yellow River Delta SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Hydrological connectivity; Multi-scale; Plant structure; Yellow River Delta ID COASTAL WETLAND; SPATIAL SCALES; SOIL-MOISTURE; FRESH-WATER; RUNOFF; VEGETATION; PATTERN; CLIMATE; CATCHMENT; CARBON AB The Yellow River Delta is one of the International Important Wetlands on the west coastline of the Pacific Ocean in China. Despite its importance for regional and global ecological security, it is vulnerable because of human activities and climate change. Local government is trying to identify a more efficient way to conserve the delta thereby reducing a potential environmental crisis. The framework of hydrological connectivity provides a new perspective to study hydrological related ecological processes, while the method is highly exclusive because of environment and scale heterogeneity. This study collaborated with managers to develop a new algorithm to parameterize the hydrological connectivity on plot, point and landscape scales. Then the interspecific and conspecific structures of two dominate species (Phragmites communis and Suaeda salsa) are linked to these indices. The results show: (1) According to the point and plot scale results, AP (semi-artificial pond) and IF (intertidal flat) has the strongest hydrological connectivity followed by TM (tidal marsh). The average positive point-scale index values in AP, IF RS (river side wetland) and TM are 0.610, 0.495, 1.162 and 1.217 and the average plot-scale index values in AP, IF RS and TM are 1.53, 0.87, 0.48 0.55. At the landscape scale, index values show high collinearity with plot density and lack of hydrological significance because of low data resolution and scale effects. (2) At the individual level, P. communis and S. salsa showed a higher interspecific and conspecific competitive strength to respond to environmental stress in the weak hydrological connectivity area. (3) At the community level, in higher salinity wetland classes, biomass, plant coverage and biodiversity showed a positive linear correlation with plot-scale indices. Future study will improve the current parametrization method at the landscape scale and reveal the response of other important plant species to hydrological connectivity in this area. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Liu, Jiakai; Wang, Yu; Zhang, Zhenming; Zhang, Mingxiang] Beijing Forestry Univ, Sch Nat Conservat, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. [Engel, Bernard A.] Purdue Univ, Agr & Biol Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Zhang, Guifang] Beijing Forestry Univ, Sch Sci, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. RP Zhang, ZM; Zhang, MX (reprint author), Beijing Forestry Univ, Sch Nat Conservat, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. EM zhenmingzhang@bjfu.edu.cn; zhangmingxiang@bj-fu.edu.cn OI Liu, Jiakai/0000-0002-3337-1962 FU National Key R&D Program of China [2017YFC0505903]; National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [41771547]; China Scholarship CouncilChina Scholarship Council [201806510033] FX The National Key R&D Program of China (2017YFC0505903), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41771547) and China Scholarship Council (201806510033) fund this research. NR 74 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 57 U2 57 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD FEB 1 PY 2020 VL 702 AR UNSP 134889 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134889 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA JS8ZT UT WOS:000500590700038 PM 31733556 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Vilmi, A Zhao, WQ Picazo, F Li, MJ Heino, J Soininen, J Wang, JJ AF Vilmi, Annika Zhao, Wenqian Picazo, Felix Li, Mingjia Heino, Jani Soininen, Janne Wang, Jianjun TI Ecological processes underlying community assembly of aquatic bacteria and macroinvertebrates under contrasting climates on the Tibetan Plateau SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Assembly processes; Body size; Biodiversity hotspot; Climate change; Elevation; Hengduan Mountain; Microorganisms; Macroorganisms ID ENVIRONMENTAL COMPONENTS; BETA-DIVERSITY; DISTANCE DECAY; BODY-SIZE; PATTERNS; BIODIVERSITY; MICROORGANISMS; SIMILARITY; DISPERSAL; SEQUENCES AB Understanding the role of climatic variation on biodiversity is of chief importance due to the ongoing biodiversity loss and climate change. Freshwaters, one of the most threatened ecosystems in the world, offer a valuable context to study biodiversity patterns of distinct organism groups in relation to climatic variation. In the Tibetan Plateau biodiversity hotspot - Hengduan Mountain region, we studied the effects of climate and local physico-chemical factors on stream microorganisms (i.e. bacteria) and macroorganisms (i.e. macroinvertebrates) in two parallel catchments with contrasting precipitation and temperature, that is, the Nujiang and Lancang Rivers. Diversities and community structures were better explained by climatic and local environmental variables in the drier and colder catchment and at higher elevations, than in the warmer and wetter conditions and at lower elevations. This suggests that communities may be more strongly assembled by deterministic processes in the former, comparatively harsher conditions, compared to the latter, more benign conditions. Macroinvertebrates were more strongly affected by climatic and local environmental factors compared to bacteria, but the diversities and community structures of the two groups showed spatially similar responses to overall abiotic variation, being especially evident with their community structures' responses to climate. Furthermore, bacterial and macroinvertebrate diversities were positively correlated in the drier and colder catchment, implying that these biologically and ecologically distinct organism groups are likely to be driven by similar processes in areas with such climatic conditions. We conclude that changes in climatic and local environmental conditions may affect the diversity of macroorganisms more strongly than that of microorganisms, at least in subtropical mountainous stream ecosystems studied here, but simultaneous responses of both groups to environmental changes can also be expected. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Vilmi, Annika; Zhao, Wenqian; Picazo, Felix; Li, Mingjia; Wang, Jianjun] Chinese Acad Sci, Nanjing Inst Geog & Limnol, State Key Lab Lake Sci & Environm, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Zhao, Wenqian] Nanjing Normal Univ, Nanjing 210046, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Li, Mingjia; Wang, Jianjun] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China. [Heino, Jani] Finnish Environm Inst, Freshwater Ctr, Oulu 90570, Finland. [Soininen, Janne] Univ Helsinki, Dept Geosci & Geog, Helsinki 00560, Finland. RP Wang, JJ (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Nanjing Inst Geog & Limnol, State Key Lab Lake Sci & Environm, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. EM jjwang@niglas.ac.cn OI Soininen, Janne/0000-0002-8583-3137 FU CAS Strategic Pilot Science and Technology [XDA20050101]; National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [41871048, 91851117, 41571058]; National Key Research and Development Program of China [2017YFA0605203]; CAS Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences [QYZDB-SSW-DQC043]; Chinese Academy of Sciences President's International Fellowship Initiative [2018PS0007]; Air and Water Conservation Fund (National Geographic) [GEFC12-14] FX We acknowledge M. Luo and C. Qin for their help in field sampling. This study was supported by CAS Strategic Pilot Science and Technology (XDA20050101), National Natural Science Foundation of China (41871048, 91851117, 41571058), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFA0605203), CAS Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences (QYZDB-SSW-DQC043), and the Chinese Academy of Sciences President's International Fellowship Initiative (2018PS0007). The field trip was partly supported by Air and Water Conservation Fund (GEFC12-14, National Geographic). NR 76 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 23 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD FEB 1 PY 2020 VL 702 AR UNSP 134974 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134974 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA JS8ZT UT WOS:000500590700052 PM 31734610 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Xie, Y AF Xie, Yi TI Ecological labeling and wildlife conservation: Citizens' perceptions of the elephant ivory-labeling system in China SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Elephant conservation; Label accredited system; Ivory product; Public awareness; China ID WILLINGNESS-TO-PAY; SOCIAL DESIRABILITY BIAS; CONTINGENT VALUATION; PUBLIC-ATTITUDES; BIODIVERSITY; MANAGEMENT; DRIVERS AB Eco-labeling of products such as ivory contributes to conservation of wildlife species and is most effective when potential consumers of such products are made aware of the threats to wildlife and protections associated with the labels. This paper investigates factors affecting citizens' perceptions of China's eco-labeling system for elephant ivory, which was established in 2004, using unique datasets collected in 2015 and 2017. The results indicate that citizens in China have little understanding of the ivory-labeling system. <10% of the participants were aware of the three accreditation subsystems for ivory products regulating manufacturers, retailers, and the products and only about 20% were familiar with one subsystem. The results of Bayesian logit models show that citizens' demographic and other characteristics are significantly correlated with their knowledge of the labeling system for elephant ivory, and the effects varied for the 2015 and 2017 samples. The one consistent influence was income level, which had similar significant and positive impacts in all of the models. The temporal coefficients reflecting changes in awareness between 2015 and 2017 were not significant, indicating that knowledge of the ivory-labeling system did not increase overall during that period. Our results indicate that significantly greater outreach is needed for China's ivory-labeling system so citizens can consistently play a role in ridding the market of illegal ivory products and regulating noncommercial ivory trading. Special attention should be given to groups of citizens who have relatively little education, income, and awareness of wild-life conservation efforts. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Xie, Yi] Beijing Forestry Univ, Sch Econ & Management, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. RP Xie, Y (reprint author), Beijing Forestry Univ, Sch Econ & Management, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. EM yixie@bjfu.edu.cn FU Fundamental Research Funds for the Central UniversitiesFundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [2018RD001]; National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [71841147001] FX The author acknowledges the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No. 2018RD001) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 71841147001) for financial support. The author also wants to thank the Center of Conservation Biology of University of Washington for hosting the corresponding author as Fulbright visiting scholar from December 2018 to October 2019. NR 63 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 13 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD FEB 1 PY 2020 VL 702 AR UNSP 134709 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134709 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA JS8ZT UT WOS:000500590700019 PM 31726348 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Zou, KS Chen, JW Ruan, HT Li, ZH Guo, WJ Li, M Liu, L AF Zou, Keshu Chen, Jianwei Ruan, Huiting Li, Zhenhai Guo, Wenjie Li, Min Liu, Li TI eDNA metabarcoding as a promising conservation tool for monitoring fish diversity in a coastal wetland of the Pearl River Estuary compared to bottom trawling SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Environmental DNA; Metabarcoding; Bottom trawling; Fish diversity; Coastal wetland ID ENVIRONMENTAL DNA; MITOCHONDRIAL GENOME; BIODIVERSITY; DEGRADATION; FUTURE; CHINA; MODEL AB The difficulty of censusing fish diversity hampers effective management and conservation in estuarine and coastal ecosystems, especially wetland ecosystems. Improved noninvasive fish diversity monitoring programs are becoming increasingly crucial for coastal ecosystems. In this study, we investigated fish diversity and its seasonal variation in the Nansha wetland ecosystem using environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding and bottom trawling, and the two approaches were compared. With the combination of the two methods, the identified fish taxa included 78 species within 60 genera and 33 families, and five nontarget taxa were only identified by eDNA metabarcoding. Compared to the two surveys, eDNA metabarcoding identified a significantly greater number of fish species per site and per season than bottom trawling (p < 0.05), with eDNA metabarcoding identifying 32.05% more fish species than bottom trawling. The overwhelming majority of the fish orders captured in the Nansha coastal wetland by bottom trawling were recovered from eDNA analysis, although certain taxa were not sampled due to limitations. Furthermore, the Whittaker index and relative abundance analysis of the two methods showed distinct differences between the sampling seasons, suggesting seasonal variations and reflecting the current or recent existence of fish species in the coastal ecosystem. Thus, our work provides more detailed seasonal data on biodiversity in the Nansha wetland of the Pearl River Estuary, which is essential for the long-term management and conservation of coastal biodiversity. Our study also adds to the evidence that the eDNA metabarcoding approach can be used in coastal environments to monitor a broad range of taxa and reflect seasonal fluctuations in fish diversity. As an emerging and transformative method, eDNA metabarcoding shows great potential for fish diversity monitoring in coastal wetland ecosystems. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Zou, Keshu; Ruan, Huiting; Li, Zhenhai; Liu, Li] South China Agr Univ, Coll Marine Sci, Joint Lab Guangdong Prov & Hong Kong Reg Marine B, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Li, Min] Chinese Acad Fishery Sci, South China Sea Fisheries Res Inst, Guangdong Prov Key Lab Fishery Ecol & Environm, Guangzhou 510300, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Chen, Jianwei; Guo, Wenjie] BGI Shenzhen, BGI Qingdao, Qingdao 266555, Shandong, Peoples R China. RP Liu, L (reprint author), South China Agr Univ, Coll Marine Sci, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China.; Li, M (reprint author), Chinese Acad Fishery Sci, South China Sea Fisheries Res Inst, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China. EM limin@scsfri.ac.cn; liuli@scau.edu.cn OI Li, Min/0000-0002-5551-0134 FU National Key R&D Program of China [2018YFD0900802]; Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, CAFS, China [2019TS13] FX The study was supported by National Key R&D Program of China (grant number 2018YFD0900802), and Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, CAFS, China (grant number 2019TS13). We thank Prof. Xiao Chen, Prof. Jun Wang and Dr. Lei Zhou for sampling and the identification of fish species. NR 60 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 31 U2 31 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD FEB 1 PY 2020 VL 702 AR UNSP 134704 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134704 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA JS8ZT UT WOS:000500590700016 PM 31726353 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Geeraert, L Aerts, R Berecha, G Daba, G De Fruyt, N D'hollander, J Helsen, K Stynen, H Honnay, O AF Geeraert, Lore Aerts, Raf Berecha, Gezahegn Daba, Gerba De Fruyt, Nathan D'hollander, Jolien Helsen, Kenny Stynen, Hanna Honnay, Olivier TI Effects of landscape composition on bee communities and coffee pollination in Coffea arabica production forests in southwestern Ethiopia SO AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Bee diversity; Coffee agroecosystems; Coffee fruit set; Ecosystem services; Landscape ecology; Temporal yield stability ID SUSTAINABLE INTENSIFICATION; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; CROP POLLINATION; FRUIT-SET; AGRICULTURAL INTENSIFICATION; SPECIES-DIVERSITY; TROPICAL FOREST; BERRY DISEASE; BIODIVERSITY; MANAGEMENT AB Agricultural expansion and intensification threaten pollinator populations worldwide, potentially jeopardizing crop pollination. Although the highest rates of cropland expansion are currently found within the tropics, quantifying effects of landscape composition on tropical pollinator communities and the provided pollination services to crops has received relatively limited attention. Here, we studied the relationship between land use in the landscape matrix surrounding Ethiopian coffee production forests and their bee communities and coffee pollination services. We used pan traps to collect bees from 20 plots located in small-scale coffee (Coffea arabica) production forests of varying size in a major Arabica coffee production zone in southwestern Ethiopia. To estimate the provided coffee pollination services, we performed pollinator exclusion experiments and calculated yield stability across three years. We collected 595 bees belonging to 27 species, with the honeybee (Apis mellifera) as dominant species. We found a significant convex parabolic relationship between the non-Apis bee diversity within coffee production forests and the proportion of open agricultural land in the surrounding landscape. Pollinator exclusion resulted in a significantly lower initial, but not final, fruit set. Whereas initial fruit set was not affected by the composition of the bee community, our results indicated a positive relation between non-Apis bee diversity and temporal coffee yield stability. High proportions of fruit drop suggested that physiological stress factors may have abrogated the potential benefits of insect pollination in the final fruit set. We conclude that the agricultural land and homesteads surrounding the coffee production forests still support sufficient nesting and feeding resources for non-Apis bees, hence providing a source of potential coffee pollinators. Increasing human population in the region and the increasing demand for food may present future challenges to reconcile the required increased agricultural production with the conservation of pollinator species and pollination services. C1 [Geeraert, Lore; Aerts, Raf; De Fruyt, Nathan; D'hollander, Jolien; Helsen, Kenny; Stynen, Hanna; Honnay, Olivier] Univ Leuven, Plant Conservat & Populat Biol, Kasteelpk Arenberg 31,Box 2435, BE-3001 Leuven, Belgium. [Aerts, Raf] Univ Leuven, Div Forest Nat & Landscape, Celestijnenlaan 200E,Box 2411, BE-3001 Leuven, Belgium. [Berecha, Gezahegn; Daba, Gerba] Jimma Univ, Dept Hort & Plant Sci, POB 378, Jimma, Ethiopia. RP Geeraert, L (reprint author), Univ Leuven, Plant Conservat & Populat Biol, Kasteelpk Arenberg 31,Box 2435, BE-3001 Leuven, Belgium. EM lore.geeraert@kuleuven.be; raf.aerts@kuleuven.be; gberecha@yahoo.com; gerbadaba8@gmail.com; nathan.defruyt@student.kuleuven.be; joliendhollander@hotmail.com; kenny.helsen@kuleuven.be; hannastynen@gmail.com; olivier.honnay@kuleuven.be RI Honnay, Olivier/AAH-8625-2019; Helsen, Kenny/AAE-7555-2020 OI Honnay, Olivier/0000-0002-4287-8511; Helsen, Kenny/0000-0001-6856-7095; Geeraert, Lore/0000-0001-7492-0094 FU Flemish Interuniversity Council (VLIR-UOS) FX This work was financially supported by the Flemish Interuniversity Council (VLIR-UOS). NR 97 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 34 U2 34 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8809 EI 1873-2305 J9 AGR ECOSYST ENVIRON JI Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. PD FEB 1 PY 2020 VL 288 AR UNSP 106706 DI 10.1016/j.agee.2019.106706 PG 11 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA JS3OF UT WOS:000500217500002 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Lami, F Boscutti, F Masin, R Sigura, M Marini, L AF Lami, Francesco Boscutti, Francesco Masin, Roberta Sigura, Maurizia Marini, Lorenzo TI Seed predation intensity and stability in agro-ecosystems: Role of predator diversity and soil disturbance SO AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Carabid beetles; Conservation tillage; Functional diversity; Post-dispersal seed predation; Spatial stability; Weed control ID BEETLES COLEOPTERA CARABIDAE; INTRAGUILD PREDATION; CONSERVATION TILLAGE; POSTDISPERSAL PREDATION; ACTIVITY-DENSITY; CROP-ROTATION; FIELD; BIODIVERSITY; SUPPRESSION; IMPACT AB Seed predation by arthropods can contribute in regulating population and community dynamics of weeds. While the role of insects, and especially ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) as seed predators in crop fields is well studied, the drivers of predation stability and the relationships between species diversity and predation are less understood. The aims of the study were: 1) to unveil the direct relationships between predator community diversity and seed predation intensity and stability, and 2) to test the effects of soil disturbance (conventional vs. conservation tillage) and distance from field margin on seed predator communities and predation. Seed predation was measured using seed cards, and predator communities were sampled using pitfall traps over two years. Granivorous ground beetles, ants and crickets were the most abundant seed predators in both conventional and conservation tillage fields. Abundant and diverse predator communities were beneficial to predation intensity and stability. However, in communities dominated by large predators, an increase in number of species was related to a partial suppression of seed predation. Soil disturbance per se did not influence the overall predator community composition and predation, but it modified their spatial patterns within the fields. At the margins of conventional tillage fields, predation was lower and patchier than at the margins of conservation tillage fields. However, predation increased more steeply towards the center of conventional tillage field. Our results could find applications in sustainable weed management through biological control, as well as in better understanding the role of functional diversity in regulating ecosystem services. C1 [Lami, Francesco; Masin, Roberta; Marini, Lorenzo] Univ Padua, DAFNAE, Viale Univ 16, I-35020 Padua, Italy. [Boscutti, Francesco; Sigura, Maurizia] Univ Udine, Di4A Dept Agr Environm & Anim Sci, Via Sci 208, I-33100 Udine, Italy. RP Lami, F (reprint author), Univ Padua, DAFNAE, Viale Univ 16, I-35020 Padua, Italy. EM francesco.lami@phd.unipd.it RI ; Boscutti, Francesco/M-4297-2015 OI Lami, Francesco/0000-0001-7886-6996; Boscutti, Francesco/0000-0002-4969-2752 FU University of Padova, Italy [BIRD171833/17] FX This work was supported by the University of Padova, Italy [grant number BIRD171833/17]. We thank Francesco Busato, Riccardo Durigon, Carlotta Ilari, Mattia Loesche, Dario Mazzone, Andrea Milani, Davide Nardi, Rossella Sibella, and Chiara Stefanin for field support. Finally, we thank two anonymous reviewers for the very useful comments that improved the quality of the manuscript. NR 75 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 22 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8809 EI 1873-2305 J9 AGR ECOSYST ENVIRON JI Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. PD FEB 1 PY 2020 VL 288 AR UNSP 106720 DI 10.1016/j.agee.2019.106720 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA JS3OF UT WOS:000500217500011 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Martin, AE Collins, SJ Crowe, S Girard, J Naujokaitis-Lewis, I Smith, AC Lindsay, K Mitchell, S Fahrig, L AF Martin, Amanda E. Collins, Sara J. Crowe, Susie Girard, Judith Naujokaitis-Lewis, Ilona Smith, Adam C. Lindsay, Kathryn Mitchell, Scott Fahrig, Lenore TI Effects of farmland heterogeneity on biodiversity are similar to-or even larger than-the effects of farming practices SO AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Agricultural intensification; Agroecosystem; Cropland; Landscape context; Land management; Land sharing ID WEED SPECIES-DIVERSITY; LAND-USE INTENSITY; LANDSCAPE HETEROGENEITY; CONSERVATION TILLAGE; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; CROP; HYMENOPTERA; PESTICIDES; TRANSPORT; HABITAT AB Pressure to increase food production to meet the demands of a growing human population can make conservation-motivated recommendations to limit agricultural expansion impractical. Therefore, we need to identify conservation actions that can support biodiversity without taking land out of production. Previous studies suggest this can be accomplished by increasing "farmland heterogeneity"-i.e. heterogeneity of the cropped portions of agricultural landscapes-by, for example, decreasing field sizes. However, it is not yet clear whether policies/guidelines that promote farmland heterogeneity will be as effective as those targeting farming practices. Here, we estimated the relative effects of six practices-annual/perennial crop, fertilizer use, herbicide use, insecticide use, tile drainage, and tillage-versus two aspects of farmland heterogeneity-field size and crop diversity-on the diversity of herbaceous plants, woody plants, butterflies, syrphid flies, bees, carabid beetles, spiders, and birds in rural eastern Ontario, Canada. The strength of effect of farming practices and farmland heterogeneity varied among taxonomic groups. Nevertheless, we found important effects of both farming practices and farmland heterogeneity on the combined (multi) diversity across these groups. In particular, we found greater multidiversity in untilled, perennial crop fields than tilled, annual crop fields, and greater multidiversity in agricultural landscapes with smaller crop fields and less diverse crops. The directions of effect of these variables were generally consistent across individual taxonomic groups. For example, richness was lower in landscapes with larger fields and more diverse crops than in landscapes with smaller fields and less diverse crops for all taxa except spiders. The negative effect of crop diversity on multidiversity and the richness of most of the studied taxa indicates that this aspect of farmland heterogeneity does not necessarily benefit wildlife species. Nevertheless, a compelling implication of this study is that it suggests that policies/guidelines aimed at reducing crop field sizes would be at least as effective for conservation of biodiversity within working agricultural landscapes as those designed to promote a wildlife-friendly farming practice. C1 [Martin, Amanda E.; Collins, Sara J.; Crowe, Susie; Smith, Adam C.; Lindsay, Kathryn; Mitchell, Scott; Fahrig, Lenore] Carleton Univ, Geomat & Landscape Ecol Lab, 1125 Colonel By Dr, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada. [Martin, Amanda E.; Naujokaitis-Lewis, Ilona; Smith, Adam C.; Lindsay, Kathryn] Environm & Climate Change Canada, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 1125 Colonel By Dr, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada. [Girard, Judith] Environm & Climate Change Canada, 335 River Rd, Ottawa, ON K1V 1C7, Canada. RP Martin, AE (reprint author), Carleton Univ, Geomat & Landscape Ecol Lab, 1125 Colonel By Dr, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada.; Martin, AE (reprint author), Environm & Climate Change Canada, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 1125 Colonel By Dr, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada. EM amanda.martin@canada.ca; sara.collins@glel.carleton.ca; susiecrowe@gmail.com; judith.girard@canada.ca; ilona.naujokaitis-lewis@canada.ca; adam.smith2@canada.ca; kathryn.lindsay@glel.carleton.ca; scott.mitchell@carleton.ca; lenore.fahrig@carleton.ca RI Fahrig, Lenore/C-6494-2012 OI Fahrig, Lenore/0000-0002-3841-0342 FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC)Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada FX This research was funded by a Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) Strategic Project grant to LF. NR 83 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 29 U2 29 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8809 EI 1873-2305 J9 AGR ECOSYST ENVIRON JI Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. PD FEB 1 PY 2020 VL 288 AR UNSP 106698 DI 10.1016/j.agee.2019.106698 PG 13 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA JS3OF UT WOS:000500217500001 OA Other Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Morgado, R Santana, J Porto, M Sanchez-Oliver, JS Reino, L Herrera, JM Rego, F Beja, P Moreira, F AF Morgado, Rui Santana, Joana Porto, Miguel Sanchez-Oliver, Juan S. Reino, Luis Herrera, Jose M. Rego, Francisco Beja, Pedro Moreira, Francisco TI A Mediterranean silent spring? The effects of olive farming intensification on breeding bird communities SO AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Agricultural intensification; Farmland birds; Joint species distribution modelling; Mediterranean; Olive orchards; Species traits ID FARMLAND BIRDS; AGRICULTURAL INTENSIFICATION; CONCEPTUAL-FRAMEWORK; FOOD-PRODUCTION; LAND-USE; CONSERVATION; MANAGEMENT; ORCHARDS; BIODIVERSITY; GROVES AB Combining biodiversity conservation with the agricultural production needed to meet the rising world food demand is a global challenge. This is a case in point for olive farming in the Mediterranean region, where high-yielding intensive and super-intensive orchards are fast expanding, often replacing biodiversity-rich but low-yielding traditional orchards. Here we test the hypothesis that production intensification reduces bird diversity within olive orchards, and that bird responses to such intensification are largely mediated by species traits. Breeding birds were counted in southern Portugal (2014-2016) at 78 orchards covering the entire intensification gradient. Using hierarchical joint species distribution modelling, we found that the intensification-level explained a large proportion of bird community variation (35%), while accounting for the significant contributions of orchard features (16%) and landscape context (16%). Species richness declined from traditional (29 species), through intensive (25), to super-intensive (20) orchards. The occurrence probability of many species also declined significantly from traditional to intensive (7 species; 22% of all species considered) and to super-intensive (14 species; 44%) orchards, while prevalence in more intensive orchards increased only for linnet and goldfinch (6%). Cavity-nester insectivores were the most affected functional group, declining steeply along the intensification gradient. Our results suggest that production intensification, and particularly the shift towards super-intensive systems, is reshaping and greatly simplifying breeding bird communities associated with olive orchards, which may become dominated by generalist granivores. This is a warning signal of widespread negative impacts on bird diversity that may be occurring due to olive farming intensification in the Mediterranean. Efforts are needed to reduce such impacts, which in the case of birds would require actions targeted primarily at cavity-nester insectivores. C1 [Morgado, Rui; Rego, Francisco] Univ Lisbon, Ctr Ecol Aplicada Prof Baeta Neves, Inst Super Agron, CEABN InBIO, P-1349017 Lisbon, Portugal. [Santana, Joana; Porto, Miguel; Sanchez-Oliver, Juan S.; Reino, Luis; Beja, Pedro; Moreira, Francisco] Univ Porto, Ctr Invest Biodiversidade & Recursos Genet, CIBIO InBIO, Campus Agr Vairao, P-4485601 Vairao, Portugal. [Santana, Joana; Porto, Miguel; Sanchez-Oliver, Juan S.; Reino, Luis; Beja, Pedro; Moreira, Francisco] Univ Lisbon, Ctr Invest Biodiversidade & Recursos Genet, Inst Super Agron, CIBIO InBIO, P-1349017 Lisbon, Portugal. [Herrera, Jose M.] Univ Evora, Mediterranean Inst Agr Environm & Dev, 2nd Floor,R Dom Augusto Eduardo Nunes 7, P-7000651 Evora, Portugal. RP Morgado, R (reprint author), Univ Lisbon, Ctr Ecol Aplicada Prof Baeta Neves, Inst Super Agron, CEABN InBIO, P-1349017 Lisbon, Portugal. EM ruimorgado@isa.ulisboa.pt RI /C-5941-2009; Beja, Pedro/A-7851-2008; Reino, Luis/A-9261-2008; Morgado, Rui/A-3047-2012; Sanchez-Oliver, Juan S./E-5759-2012; Porto, Miguel/L-7365-2013 OI /0000-0002-4100-8012; Beja, Pedro/0000-0001-8164-0760; Reino, Luis/0000-0002-9768-1097; Morgado, Rui/0000-0002-6687-0741; Sanchez-Oliver, Juan S./0000-0002-0976-7457; Porto, Miguel/0000-0001-7640-0623 FU FEDER through the Operational Programme for Competitiveness Factors (COMPETE); Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology [UID/BIA/50027/2019, POCI-01-0145-FEDER-006821, PTDC/BIA-BIC/2203/2012, PTDC/AAG-REC/6480/2014]; FCTPortuguese Foundation for Science and Technology [SFRH/BD/99746/2014, SFRH/BPD/97025/2013, SFRH/BPD/93079/2013, IF/00001/2015, IF/01053/2015]; FARSYD project [POCI-01-0145-FEDER-016664 -PTDC/AAG-EC/5007/2014]; REN Biodiversity Chair; EDP Biodiversity Chair FX This work is funded by FEDER through the Operational Programme for Competitiveness Factors (COMPETE) and by national funds through Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) under the UID/BIA/50027/2019, POCI-01-0145-FEDER-006821, PTDC/BIA-BIC/2203/2012 and PTDC/AAG-REC/6480/2014. RM, MP, LR, JMH and FM were supported by FCT grants/contracts SFRH/BD/99746/2014, SFRH/BPD/97025/2013, SFRH/BPD/93079/2013, IF/00001/2015 and IF/01053/2015, respectively. JS and FM were supported by FARSYD project (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-016664 -PTDC/AAG-EC/5007/2014) and REN Biodiversity Chair, respectively. PB was supported by EDP Biodiversity Chair. We thank Alexandre Vaz and Rui Pedroso for their collaboration in bird censuses; Otso Ovaskainen, Guillaume Blanchet and Ricardo Rocha for their help in the use of the HMSC modelling framework; and the journal Editor and three anonymous referees for their thoughtful comments/suggestions that helped improve earlier versions of this paper. NR 82 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8809 EI 1873-2305 J9 AGR ECOSYST ENVIRON JI Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. PD FEB 1 PY 2020 VL 288 AR UNSP 106694 DI 10.1016/j.agee.2019.106694 PG 11 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA JS3OF UT WOS:000500217500012 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Paut, R Sabatier, R Tchamitchian, M AF Paut, Raphael Sabatier, Rodolphe Tchamitchian, Marc TI Modelling crop diversification and association effects in agricultural systems SO AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Intercropping; Agroforestry; Diversification; Land Equivalent Ratio; LER; Modern portfolio theory; Agroecology ID PORTFOLIO THEORY; YIELD STABILITY; AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS; RISK; PRODUCTIVITY; MANAGEMENT; LAND; BIODIVERSITY; DIVERSITY; FOOD AB The need to redesign more sustainable agricultural systems able of producing more, especially through intercropping or agroforestry, cannot be achieved without taking into account the essential aspect of production variability. Yet, although many studies have focused on the effect of intercropping on overall production, the particular issue of production variability in such systems remains relatively unstudied. The approach we propose, for a shift towards sustainable intensification of agricultural systems, considers the dual dimensions of yield and risk in a combined framework for the assessment and the comparison of two diversification strategies: (i) a simple diversification strategy (SDS) considered as an increasing number of crops grown on separate plots within a farm and (ii) an intercropping strategy (IC) considered as a within-plot increased diversity, where more than one species is grown at the same time and place. The two perspectives examined here were Modern Portfolio Theory and Land Equivalent Ratio. The former quantifies the effect of diversification on risk, the latter measures the effect of association on production. This research merges both approaches in a combined framework in order to assess intercropping system performances. By applying our framework to cases selected from the literature, we explored and compared the potential benefits of these two strategies in terms of yield and risk. Results showed that intercropping, in addition to being interesting with regard to yield, can have an additional risk reduction effect compared to a simple diversification strategy. Conversely, some crop mixtures maintained or even increased yield variability. Our work contributes to a better understanding of the possible impacts of diversification strategies on trade-offs between yield and risk, but also underlines the importance of taking yield variability into account in further studies. C1 [Paut, Raphael; Sabatier, Rodolphe; Tchamitchian, Marc] INRA, ECODEV, F-84000 Avignon, France. RP Paut, R (reprint author), INRA, ECODEV, F-84000 Avignon, France. EM raphael.paut@inra.fr OI Tchamitchian, Marc/0000-0002-9251-2403 FU Fondation de FranceFondation de France [00064844] FX The present work was carried out with the support of the Fondation de France (grant no00064844) which is hereby thanked. NR 84 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 35 U2 35 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8809 EI 1873-2305 J9 AGR ECOSYST ENVIRON JI Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. PD FEB 1 PY 2020 VL 288 AR UNSP 106711 DI 10.1016/j.agee.2019.106711 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA JS3OF UT WOS:000500217500005 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU McEwan, K Ferguson, FJ Richardson, M Cameron, R AF McEwan, Kirsten Ferguson, Fiona J. Richardson, Miles Cameron, Ross TI The good things in urban nature: A thematic framework for optimising urban planning for nature connectedness SO LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING LA English DT Article ID BENEFITS; HEALTH; ENVIRONMENTS; BIODIVERSITY; WORKPLACE; SOUNDS; VIEWS; RATES AB Green interventions which connect people with nature to improve wellbeing are increasingly being applied to tackle the current crisis in mental health. A novel Smartphone app intervention was evaluated amongst adults (n = 228) including (n = 53) adults with common mental health problems, with the aim to improve wellbeing through noticing the good things about urban nature. The app prompted participants once a day over 7 days to write notes about the good things they noticed in urban green spaces. Notes were thematically analysed and ten themes emerged. The three themes with the greatest representation were: i) wonder at encountering wildlife in day-to-day urban settings; ii) appreciation of street trees; and iii) awe at colourful, expansive, dramatic skies and views. Through combining the above themes with the pathways to nature connectedness this paper provides an extended framework of activities to inform activity programming, nature engagement media content, and 'green health' interventions. Moreover, the findings have strong implications for optimising city planning, design and management for the wellbeing of both humans and wildlife. C1 [McEwan, Kirsten] Univ Derby, Coll Hlth & Social Care, Kedleston Rd, Derby DE22 1GB, England. [Ferguson, Fiona J.; Richardson, Miles] Univ Derby, Coll Life & Nat Sci, Derby, England. [Cameron, Ross] Univ Sheffield, Dept Landscape, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England. RP McEwan, K (reprint author), Univ Derby, Coll Hlth & Social Care, Kedleston Rd, Derby DE22 1GB, England. EM k.mcewan@derby.ac.uk; fiona-j-ferguson@hotmail.co.uk; m.richardson@derby.ac.uk; r.w.cameron@sheffield.ac.uk OI Clarke, Fiona J/0000-0002-5244-0767 FU Natural Environment Research CouncilNERC Natural Environment Research Council; ESRCEconomic & Social Research Council (ESRC); BBSRCBiotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC); AHRC; Defra [NERC] [NE/N013565/1] FX This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council, ESRC, BBSRC, AHRC & Defra [NERC grant reference number NE/N013565/1]. NR 59 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 33 U2 33 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-2046 EI 1872-6062 J9 LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN JI Landsc. Urban Plan. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 194 AR UNSP 103687 DI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2019.103687 PG 8 WC Ecology; Environmental Studies; Geography; Geography, Physical; Regional & Urban Planning; Urban Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Physical Geography; Public Administration; Urban Studies GA JS5US UT WOS:000500372000005 OA Green Published DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Quinton, JM Ostberg, J Duinker, PN AF Quinton, Jessica M. Ostberg, Johan Duinker, Peter N. TI The influence of cemetery governance on tree management in urban cemeteries: A case study of Halifax, Canada and Malmo, Sweden SO LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING LA English DT Article ID ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; GREEN SPACES; LIFE; BIODIVERSITY; OFFICIALS; PROGRAMS; BENEFITS; CITIES AB Urban cemeteries represent an unusual type of greenspace that can provide a wide range of ecosystem benefits and services if they have mature tree populations. However, the extent to which tree management is prioritized in cemeteries alongside tasks associated with the burial and commemoration of the deceased is unknown. Given the large differences that exist amongst burial traditions and cemetery management around the world, it seems likely that cemetery tree management will not be uniform across countries. To investigate this, we compared cemetery governance and management in Halifax (Canada) and Malmo (Sweden) to determine which factors influence their cemetery tree populations, with a specific focus on tree planting. An inventory of places in which trees could be planted in cemeteries indicated that a large number of trees could theoretically be planted in both cities' cemeteries. However, manager interviews and a review of cemetery legislation indicated multiple dimensions of governance that result in the very real prospect that precious few of these plantable spots will actually become occupied by a tree. These dimensions differed between the two cities, with financial constraints and limited knowledge about trees playing a large role in Halifax, while in Malmo, legislation and public opinion influence the extent to which tree planting occurs. As such, the cities require different solutions to promote tree planting in their cemeteries to avoid future canopy loss and ensure the long-term continued provision of current ecosystem benefits and services. C1 [Quinton, Jessica M.; Duinker, Peter N.] Dalhousie Univ, Sch Resource & Environm Studies, Kenneth C Rowe Management Bldg,6100 Univ Ave, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada. [Ostberg, Johan] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Landscape Architecture Planning & Management, Box 66, S-23053 Alnarp, Alnarp, Sweden. RP Quinton, JM (reprint author), Dalhousie Univ, Sch Resource & Environm Studies, Kenneth C Rowe Management Bldg,6100 Univ Ave, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada. EM jessica.quinton@dal.ca; johan.ostberg@slu.se; peter.duinker@dal.ca FU Mitacs Globalink Research Award FX This research was funded by a Mitacs Globalink Research Award. NR 58 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-2046 EI 1872-6062 J9 LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN JI Landsc. Urban Plan. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 194 AR UNSP 103699 DI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2019.103699 PG 9 WC Ecology; Environmental Studies; Geography; Geography, Physical; Regional & Urban Planning; Urban Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Physical Geography; Public Administration; Urban Studies GA JS5US UT WOS:000500372000009 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Correia, I do Nascimento, ER Gouveia, SF AF Correia, Isadora do Nascimento, Erivelton Rosario Gouveia, Sidney F. TI Effects of climate and land-use gradients on avian phylogenetic and functional diversity in a tropical dry forest SO JOURNAL OF ARID ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Article DE Caatinga; Climate changes; Functional dispersion; Functional richness; Phylogenetic dispersion ID GLOBAL DIVERSITY; BIRD; EVOLUTIONARY; EXTINCTION; ECOLOGY; BIODIVERSITY; FRAMEWORK; RICHNESS; PATTERNS AB Climate and habitat influence the distribution and dynamics of biodiversity. Investigating their influence on spatial patterns of phylogenetic (PD) and functional diversity (FD) is essential to understanding the response of ecological assemblages to changes in these factors. Here, we investigate the patterns of PD and FD of birds from the Brazilian dry forest Caatinga, and their relationship to gradients in climate and vegetation heterogeneity. For over 500 species distributed at 123 assemblages, we investigated the effect of these factors on a standardized measure of phylogenetic diversity (sesPD) phylogenetic dispersion (PDis), the functional richness (FRic), functional dispersion (FDis), taxon restrictedness, and functional uniqueness. Climate was the best predictor of all metrics of functional and phylogenetic diversity, whereas forest cover was relevant for FRic only. The independent effects of climate and habitat highlight their different roles in determining ecological and evolutionary diversities of avian assemblages in this semiarid biome. Additionally, most species are geographically restricted, but functionally redundant, suggesting a spatial turnover between different species with similar functional traits. Complementary effects of climate and habitat change act in concert in reducing ecological redundancy in assemblages less disturbed, and functional uniqueness in assemblages at the extreme of the aridity gradient in the Caatinga. C1 [Correia, Isadora; do Nascimento, Erivelton Rosario] Univ Fed Sergipe, Grad Program Ecol & Conservat, Av Marechal Rondon S-N, BR-49100000 Sao Cristovao, Sergipe, Brazil. [Gouveia, Sidney F.] Univ Fed Sergipe, Dept Ecol, Sao Cristovao, Sergipe, Brazil. RP Correia, I (reprint author), Univ Fed Sergipe, Grad Program Ecol & Conservat, Av Marechal Rondon S-N, BR-49100000 Sao Cristovao, Sergipe, Brazil. EM isadora.ocorreia@gmail.com RI ; Gouveia, Sidney/G-6438-2013 OI Correia, Isadora/0000-0003-4800-250X; Gouveia, Sidney/0000-0003-4941-7440 FU CAPES DS ProgramCAPES [001]; CNPqNational Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) [303180/2016-1, 402469/2016-0]; CAPES/FAPITEC [88881.157451/2017-01]; Institute Serrapilheira research grant [G-1709-18372] FX We thank an anonymous referee for critical comments that greatly improved our work. IC and ERN were supported by graduate stipends provided by CAPES DS Program (Finance Code 001). SFG has been supported by CNPq grants (303180/2016-1 and 402469/2016-0), CAPES/FAPITEC (88881.157451/2017-01) and an Institute Serrapilheira research grant (#G-1709-18372). SFG is a member of the INCT Ecology, Evolution, and Conservation of Biodiversity -EECBio (CNPq/FAPEG). NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 38 U2 38 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0140-1963 EI 1095-922X J9 J ARID ENVIRON JI J. Arid. Environ. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 173 AR UNSP 104024 DI 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2019.104024 PG 6 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA JP5PY UT WOS:000498317600002 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Lazo-Cancino, D Rivera, R Paulsen-Cortez, K Gonzalez-Berrios, N Rodriguez-Gutierrez, R Rodriguez-Serrano, E AF Lazo-Cancino, Daniela Rivera, Reinaldo Paulsen-Cortez, Katheryne Gonzalez-Berrios, Nicolas Rodriguez-Gutierrez, Rodrigo Rodriguez-Serrano, Enrique TI The impacts of climate change on the habitat distribution of the vulnerable Patagonian-Fueguian species Ctenomys magellanicus (Rodentia, Ctenomyidae) SO JOURNAL OF ARID ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Article DE Climate change; Species distribution; Patagonian steppe; South America ID DISTRIBUTION MODELS; ENVELOPE MODELS; CONSERVATION; RIONEGRENSIS; BIODIVERSITY; COMPLEXITY; PATTERNS; MAXENT; RANGE AB The ongoing climate change could intensify endangerment of species with a restricted distribution and small population size, such as rare or endemic species. Magellanic tuco-tuco (Ctenomys magellanicus) is the southernmost Patagonian-Fueguian fossorial caviomorph rodent with a small distribution. This species has been categorized as vulnerable due to a strong population decline caused by over-exploitation and habitat loss and degradation produced by sheep grazing. This study aims to estimate suitable habitat distribution for C. magellanicus and predict suitable habitat distribution and potential range shifts under near-future climate change. For these, we used the method of maximum entropy distribution modeling, using 116 occurrence records from literature and, most importantly, direct species surveys. Seven climatic variables, associated with the water regime and with various aspects of the temperature variation between seasons of Patagonia, were the most important for the species' distribution. Under the major part of future climate change scenarios, the suitable habitat for C. magellanicus will likely be severely and negatively affected. Specifically, it would decrease mainly in its continental present distribution, with a drastic loss and fragmentation of suitable habitats. Our results can be useful for design evidence-based conservation and management policies. C1 [Lazo-Cancino, Daniela; Rodriguez-Serrano, Enrique] Univ Concepcion, Fac Ciencias Nat & Oceanog, Dept Zool, Lab Mastozool, Casilla 160-C, Concepcion, Chile. [Rivera, Reinaldo] Univ Concepcion, Fac Ciencias Nat & Oceanograf, Dept Zool, Lab Ecol Evolut & Filoinformat, Casilla 160-C, Concepcion, Chile. [Paulsen-Cortez, Katheryne; Gonzalez-Berrios, Nicolas; Rodriguez-Gutierrez, Rodrigo] Corp Nacl Forestal, Baquedano 847, Puerto Natales, Region De Magal, Chile. RP Rodriguez-Serrano, E (reprint author), Univ Concepcion, Fac Ciencias Nat & Oceanog, Dept Zool, Lab Mastozool, Casilla 160-C, Concepcion, Chile. EM enrodriguez@udec.cl OI Rivera Jara, Reinaldo Javier/0000-0001-7903-0314; Rodriguez-Serrano, Enrique/0000-0002-5049-8500 FU project FONDECYTComision Nacional de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica (CONICYT)CONICYT FONDECYT [1170486]; CONICYT Doctoral FellowshipComision Nacional de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica (CONICYT) [21160866]; DirecciOn de Postgrado of the Universidad de Concepcion FX We appreciate the detailed work done by the anonymous reviewers and the editor. We are grateful to the financial support of project FONDECYT 1170486. Reinaldo Rivera were supported by a CONICYT Doctoral Fellowship (21160866) and Doctoral Fellowship from the DirecciOn de Postgrado of the Universidad de Concepcion. We are very grateful for the help of the park ranger in charge of the Laguna Azul Sector Juan Toro and the park ranger Leonardo Mufioz. NR 60 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 28 U2 28 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0140-1963 EI 1095-922X J9 J ARID ENVIRON JI J. Arid. Environ. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 173 AR UNSP 104016 DI 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2019.104016 PG 7 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA JP5PY UT WOS:000498317600006 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Pereda-Gomez, ME Pessacq, P Elizalde, L AF Pereda-Gomez, Marcelo E. Pessacq, Pablo Elizalde, Luciana TI Stress-tolerant ants and the impact of quarries on an ant community in Patagonia SO JOURNAL OF ARID ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Article DE Disturbance; Dorymyrmex; Formicidae; Functional groups; Soil properties ID FIRE; BIODIVERSITY; ASSEMBLAGES; DISTURBANCE; HYMENOPTERA AB Aggregate extraction is an activity that has increased considerably in recent years in Patagonia, providing raw material for road paving and construction industry. This activity deeply impacts soil composition and the biota. Ants are among the most important inhabitants of soils, and are useful indicators of the impact of human activities on ecosystems. This study determines the effect of aggregate extraction activities on a community of ants in a semiarid area of Argentinean Patagonia. In two abandoned quarries, disturbed and nearby control areas were delimited; ants were sampled using pitfall traps and different environmental variables were measured. Our analysis show that many environmental variables were altered in disturbed sites, with a reduction in vegetation cover, modification of percentage of fine grain and soil humidity, and an increase in soil pH and temperature. Thirteen ant species were identified. The Opportunists predominated in disturbed sites, in particular the species Dotymyrtnex tener. The results reveal for the first time the behaviour of the ant community of this semiarid region in the face of a disturbance that directly impacts the soil. The focus on stress-tolerant species for restoration purposes deserves further study. C1 [Pereda-Gomez, Marcelo E.; Pessacq, Pablo] CONICET UNPSJB, CIEMEP, Roca 780, RA-9200 Esquel, Chubut, Argentina. [Elizalde, Luciana] Univ Nacl Comahue, LIHo Lab Ecotono, Pje Gutierrez 1125, RA-8400 San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina. RP Pereda-Gomez, ME (reprint author), CIEMEP, Esquel, Chubut, Argentina. EM peredamarcelog@gmail.com NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0140-1963 EI 1095-922X J9 J ARID ENVIRON JI J. Arid. Environ. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 173 AR UNSP 104017 DI 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2019.104017 PG 6 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA JP5PY UT WOS:000498317600005 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Yoshihara, Y Tatsuno, Y Miyasaka, K Sasaki, T AF Yoshihara, Yu Tatsuno, Yuki Miyasaka, Katori Sasaki, Takehiro TI Can complementarity in water use help explain diversity-productivity relationships in semi-arid grasslands? SO JOURNAL OF ARID ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Article DE Legume abundance; Mongolia; Path analysis; Root weight; Soil water contents ID BIODIVERSITY AB Previous studies reported the positive diversity-productivity relationship could be explained by combinations of species with different rooting distributions and greater legume abundance. However, because plant production is limited by soil water availability in arid areas, we study the positive diversity-productivity relationship of Mongolian semi-arid grasslands and the complementary use of water in these diverse plant communities. Plant species richness influences productivity through different pathways involving root weight and soil water content or legume abundance. We have examined these variables in plant species in a controlled site in Mongolia, determined the significance of these different pathways using path analysis, and performed single linear regression analysis between the significant factors. The results of the path analysis backed the hypothesis that the diversity-productivity relationship was not explained by greater legume abundance but by complementary usage of soil water by the plant communities of the arid grassland. These results were further supported by a significant positive relationship between plant species richness and root weight in shallow soil layers, and a negative relationship between plant species richness and water content or water potential, and root weight and soil water content. C1 [Yoshihara, Yu; Tatsuno, Yuki] Mie Univ, Grad Sch Bioresources, Kurimachoyacho 1577, Tsu, Mie, Japan. [Miyasaka, Katori] Nihon Univ, Coll Bioresource Sci, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan. [Sasaki, Takehiro] Yokohama Natl Univ, Grad Sch Environm & Informat Sci, 79-7 Tokiwadai, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan. RP Yoshihara, Y (reprint author), Mie Univ, Grad Sch Bioresources, Kurimachoyacho 1577, Tsu, Mie, Japan. EM marmota.sibirica@gmail.com NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 13 U2 13 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0140-1963 EI 1095-922X J9 J ARID ENVIRON JI J. Arid. Environ. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 173 AR UNSP 103994 DI 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2019.103994 PG 4 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA JP5PY UT WOS:000498317600017 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Isinibilir, M Dogan, O AF Isinibilir, Melek Dogan, Onur TI Zooplankton Biodiversity in the Golden Horn Estuary after the Opening of the Water Channel from the Strait of Istanbul, Turkey SO TURKISH JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Golden Horn Estuary; Zooplankton; Abundance; First records ID COPEPOD OITHONA-DAVISAE; DINOFLAGELLATE NOCTILUCA-SCINTILLANS; POLLUTED ESTUARY; ACARTIA-CLAUSI; BLACK-SEA; IZMIT BAY; MARMARA; COMMUNITY; ABUNDANCE; IMPACT AB This paper examines spatial and temporal variations of zooplankton abundance and community structure from December 2014 to November 2015 after the opening of the water channel. So, this is the first zooplankton study after the opening of the water channel from the Istanbul Strait to the Golden Horn Estuary. It is thought that this study will be an important database for future studies in the region. A total of 40 species were identified during in this study. Nine species (Daphnia curvirostris, Daphnia hyalina, Bosmina (Eubosmina) coregoni, Cyclops abyssorum, Mnemiopsis leidyi, Pleurobrachia pileus, Beroe ovata, and Aurelia aurita) are first recorded in the Golden Horn and one of these (Bosmina (Eubosmina) coregoni) is also first records for the Turkish coasts. Furthermore, it has been observed that marine zooplankton abundance and diversity have increased in the estuary after the opening of the water channel. C1 [Isinibilir, Melek] Istanbul Univ, Fac Aquat Sci, Dept Marine Biol, Istanbul, Turkey. [Dogan, Onur] Istanbul Univ, Inst Grad Studies Sci, Istanbul, Turkey. RP Isinibilir, M (reprint author), Istanbul Univ, Fac Aquat Sci, Dept Marine Biol, Istanbul, Turkey. EM melekis@istanbul.edu.tr RI isinibilir, melek/AAD-3109-2020 FU Scientific and Technological Research Council of TurkeyTurkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [114Y424]; Research Fund of the Istanbul UniversityIstanbul University [21105, 26014, 54628] FX This work was supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey [grant number 114Y424]; and the Research Fund of the Istanbul University [grant numbers 21105, 26014 and 54628]. We wish to thank Guvercin Dogan, and Mustafa Ficici for their support and assistance at sea and laboratory. NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 132 U2 132 PU CENTRAL FISHERIES RESEARCH INST PI TRABZON PA PO BOX 129, TRABZON, 61001, TURKEY SN 1303-2712 EI 2149-181X J9 TURK J FISH AQUAT SC JI Turk. J. Fish. Quat. Sci. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 20 IS 2 BP 147 EP 158 DI 10.4194/1303-2712-v20_2_07 PG 12 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA IJ5MU UT WOS:000475948000007 OA Bronze DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Torres, SKM Santos, BS AF Torres, Shenna Kate M. Santos, Brian S. TI Species identification among morphologically-similar Caranx species SO TURKISH JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Caranx; Cytochrome c oxidase I; Jacks; Freshwater ecosystem; Trevally ID CARANGIDAE; BIODIVERSITY; POMPANOS; FISHES; JACKS; TAAL; LAKE AB Accurate identification of species is important in assessing biodiversity and in conservation and population management strategies. Species with similar morphology, however, could be difficult to identify correctly. Published papers have reported on Caranx species that have been incorrectly identified and careful analysis is needed when identifying these species. In this study, 21 specimens from the genus Caranx were identified using DNA barcoding. Specimens were collected from Batangas, Philippines, where freshwater Caranx, which are about 50% more expensive, are present. Using morphological characteristics, C. ignobilis and C. sexfasciatus were identified correctly while one C. papuensis specimen was identified as C. sexfasciatus. Barcodes for three species, namely C. ignobilis, C. sexfasciatus, and C. papuensis, were detected based on cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) sequences. With the addition of Caranx COI sequences from GenBank, the calculated average K2P distance among species (8.19%), was higher than the average K2P distance within species (0.30%). Analysis of all available COI sequences of C. sexfasciatus from GenBank showed multiple cases of likely misidentification in other studies. Geometric morphometric analyses revealed morphological differences between specimens barcoded as C. papuensis and C. sexfasciatus that could aid in identifying the species. C1 [Torres, Shenna Kate M.; Santos, Brian S.] Univ Philippines, Nat Sci Res Inst, Quezon City 1101, Philippines. [Torres, Shenna Kate M.; Santos, Brian S.] Univ Philippines, Inst Biol, Quezon City 1101, Philippines. RP Santos, BS (reprint author), Univ Philippines, Nat Sci Res Inst, Quezon City 1101, Philippines.; Santos, BS (reprint author), Univ Philippines, Inst Biol, Quezon City 1101, Philippines. EM bssantos3@up.edu.ph FU Natural Science Research Institute of the University of the Philippines (Diliman, Quezon City) [BIO-18-1-01] FX This study was funded by the Natural Science Research Institute of the University of the Philippines (Diliman, Quezon City) under Project Code Number BIO-18-1-01. Likewise, the authors would like to thank the Institute of Biology, College of Science, UP Diliman for the logistical support. NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 88 U2 88 PU CENTRAL FISHERIES RESEARCH INST PI TRABZON PA PO BOX 129, TRABZON, 61001, TURKEY SN 1303-2712 EI 2149-181X J9 TURK J FISH AQUAT SC JI Turk. J. Fish. Quat. Sci. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 20 IS 2 BP 159 EP 169 DI 10.4194/1303-2712-v20_2_08 PG 11 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA IJ5MU UT WOS:000475948000008 OA Bronze DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Weise, H Auge, H Baessler, C Barlund, I Bennett, EM Berger, U Bohn, F Bonn, A Borchardt, D Brand, F Chatzinotas, A Corstanje, R De Laender, F Dietrich, P Dunker, S Durka, W Fazey, I Groeneveld, J Guilbaud, CSE Harms, H Harpole, S Harris, J Jax, K Jeltsch, F Johst, K Joshi, J Klotz, S Kuhn, I Kuhlicke, C Muller, B Radchuk, V Reuter, H Rinke, K Schmitt-Jansen, M Seppelt, R Singer, A Standish, RJ Thulke, HH Tietjen, B Weitere, M Wirth, C Wolf, C Grimm, V AF Weise, Hanna Auge, Harald Baessler, Cornelia Baerlund, Ilona Bennett, Elene M. Berger, Uta Bohn, Friedrich Bonn, Aletta Borchardt, Dietrich Brand, Fridolin Chatzinotas, Antonis Corstanje, Ron De Laender, Frederik Dietrich, Peter Dunker, Susanne Durka, Walter Fazey, Ioan Groeneveld, Juergen Guilbaud, Camille S. E. Harms, Hauke Harpole, Stanley Harris, Jim Jax, Kurt Jeltsch, Florian Johst, Karin Joshi, Jasmin Klotz, Stefan Kuehn, Ingolf Kuhlicke, Christian Mueller, Birgit Radchuk, Viktoriia Reuter, Hauke Rinke, Karsten Schmitt-Jansen, Mechthild Seppelt, Ralf Singer, Alexander Standish, Rachel J. Thulke, Hans-H Tietjen, Britta Weitere, Markus Wirth, Christian Wolf, Christine Grimm, Volker TI Resilience trinity: safeguarding ecosystem functioning and services across three different time horizons and decision contexts SO OIKOS LA English DT Article; Early Access DE concepts; ecosystems; ecosystem services provisioning; management; resilience ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; BIODIVERSITY; EUTROPHICATION; MECHANISMS; MANAGEMENT; ECOLOGY; IMPACT AB Ensuring ecosystem resilience is an intuitive approach to safeguard the functioning of ecosystems and hence the future provisioning of ecosystem services (ES). However, resilience is a multi-faceted concept that is difficult to operationalize. Focusing on resilience mechanisms, such as diversity, network architectures or adaptive capacity, has recently been suggested as means to operationalize resilience. Still, the focus on mechanisms is not specific enough. We suggest a conceptual framework, resilience trinity, to facilitate management based on resilience mechanisms in three distinctive decision contexts and time-horizons: 1) reactive, when there is an imminent threat to ES resilience and a high pressure to act, 2) adjustive, when the threat is known in general but there is still time to adapt management and 3) provident, when time horizons are very long and the nature of the threats is uncertain, leading to a low willingness to act. Resilience has different interpretations and implications at these different time horizons, which also prevail in different disciplines. Social ecology, ecology and engineering are often implicitly focussing on provident, adjustive or reactive resilience, respectively, but these different notions of resilience and their corresponding social, ecological and economic tradeoffs need to be reconciled. Otherwise, we keep risking unintended consequences of reactive actions, or shying away from provident action because of uncertainties that cannot be reduced. The suggested trinity of time horizons and their decision contexts could help ensuring that longer-term management actions are not missed while urgent threats to ES are given priority. C1 [Weise, Hanna; Bohn, Friedrich; Groeneveld, Juergen; Johst, Karin; Mueller, Birgit; Thulke, Hans-H; Grimm, Volker] UFZ Helmholtz Ctr Environm Res, Dept Ecol Modelling, Leipzig, Germany. [Weise, Hanna; Guilbaud, Camille S. E.; Tietjen, Britta] Free Univ Berlin, Inst Biol, Berlin, Germany. [Joshi, Jasmin; Tietjen, Britta] Berlin Brandenburg Inst Adv Biodivers Res BBIB, Berlin, Germany. [Auge, Harald; Baessler, Cornelia; Durka, Walter; Klotz, Stefan; Kuehn, Ingolf] UFZ Helmholtz Ctr Environm Res, Dept Community Ecol, Halle, Saale, Germany. [Baerlund, Ilona; Borchardt, Dietrich] UFZ Helmholtz Ctr Environm Res, Dept Aquat Ecosyst Anal & Management, Magdeburg, Germany. [Bennett, Elene M.] McGill Univ, Dept Nat Resource Sci, Ste Anne De Bellevue, PQ, Canada. [Bennett, Elene M.] McGill Univ, McGill Sch Environm, Ste Anne De Bellevue, PQ, Canada. [Berger, Uta; Groeneveld, Juergen] Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Forest Growth & Forest Comp Sci, Dept Forest Sci, Tharandt, Germany. [Bonn, Aletta] UFZ Helmholtz Ctr Environm Res, Dept Ecosyst Serv, Leipzig, Germany. [Bonn, Aletta] Univ Jena, Inst Biodivers, Jena, Germany. [Bonn, Aletta; Dunker, Susanne; Groeneveld, Juergen; Harpole, Stanley; Jeltsch, Florian; Klotz, Stefan; Kuehn, Ingolf; Seppelt, Ralf; Wirth, Christian; Wolf, Christine; Grimm, Volker] German Ctr Integrat Biodivers Res iDiv, Leipzig, Germany. [Brand, Fridolin] ZHAW Sch Management & Law, Winterthur, Switzerland. [Chatzinotas, Antonis; Harms, Hauke] UFZ Helmholtz Ctr Environm Res, Dept Environm Microbiol, Leipzig, Germany. [Corstanje, Ron] Cranfield Univ, Cranfield Soil & Agrifood Inst, Cranfield, Beds, England. [De Laender, Frederik] Univ Namur, Res Unit Environm & Evolutionary Biol, Namur, Belgium. [Dietrich, Peter] UFZ Helmholtz Ctr Environm Res, Dept Monitoring & Explorat Technol, Leipzig, Germany. [Dunker, Susanne; Harpole, Stanley] UFZ Helmholtz Ctr Environm Res, Dept Physiol Divers, Leipzig, Germany. [Fazey, Ioan] Univ Dundee, Sch Environm, Dundee, Scotland. [Harris, Jim] Cranfield Univ, Cranfield Inst Resilient Futures, Cranfield, Beds, England. [Jax, Kurt] UFZ Helmholtz Ctr Environm Res, Dept Conservat Biol, Leipzig, Germany. [Jax, Kurt] Tech Univ Munich, Chair Restorat Ecol, Freising Weihenstephan, Germany. [Jeltsch, Florian; Grimm, Volker] Univ Potsdam, Plant Ecol & Conservat Biol, Potsdam, Germany. [Joshi, Jasmin] Univ Potsdam, Biodivers Res Systemat Bot, Potsdam, Germany. [Kuhlicke, Christian] UFZ Helmholtz Ctr Environm Res, Dept Urban & Environm Sociol, Leipzig, Germany. [Radchuk, Viktoriia] Leibniz Inst Zoo & Wildlife Res IZW, Dept Ecol Dynamm, Berlin, Germany. [Reuter, Hauke] Leibniz Ctr Fortrop Marine Res, Dept Theoret Ecol & Modelling, Bremen, Germany. [Rinke, Karsten] UFZ Helmholtz Ctr Environm Res, Dept Lake Res, Magdeburg, Germany. [Schmitt-Jansen, Mechthild] UFZ Helmholtz Ctr Environm Res, Dept Bioanalyt Ecotoxicol, Leipzig, Germany. [Seppelt, Ralf] UFZ Helmholtz Ctr Environm Res, Dept Computat Landscape Ecol, Leipzig, Germany. [Seppelt, Ralf] Martin Luther Univ Halle Wittenberg, Inst Geosci & Geog, Halle, Germany. [Singer, Alexander] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Swedish Species Informat Ctr, Uppsala, Sweden. [Standish, Rachel J.] Murdoch Univ, Sch Vet & Life Sci, Murdoch, WA, Australia. [Weitere, Markus] UFZ Helmholtz Ctr Environm Res, Dept River Ecol, Magdeburg, Germany. [Wolf, Christine] UFZ Helmholtz Ctr Environm Res, Dept Environm Polit, Leipzig, Germany. RP Grimm, V (reprint author), UFZ Helmholtz Ctr Environm Res, Dept Ecol Modelling, Leipzig, Germany.; Grimm, V (reprint author), Univ Potsdam, Plant Ecol & Conservat Biol, Potsdam, Germany. EM volker.grimm@ufz.de RI Auge, Harald/D-4802-2015; Kuhn, Ingolf/B-9756-2009 OI Auge, Harald/0000-0001-7432-8453; Kuhn, Ingolf/0000-0003-1691-8249; Singer, Alexander/0000-0002-2777-3789 FU German Research Foundation DFGGerman Research Foundation (DFG) [TI 824/2-1]; UFZ's Integrated Project 'Emerging Ecosystems' within the research program 'Terrestrial Environment' of the Helmholtz Association FX HW acknowledges funding support through the German Research Foundation DFG project TI 824/2-1 'Ecosystem resilience towards climate change -the role of interacting buffer mechanisms in Mediterranean-type ecosystems and through the project Emerging Ecosystems'. We also thank UFZ's Integrated Project 'Emerging Ecosystems' within the research program 'Terrestrial Environment' of the Helmholtz Association for funding workshops to develop ideas that are presented in this manuscript. NR 70 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0030-1299 EI 1600-0706 J9 OIKOS JI Oikos DI 10.1111/oik.07213 EA JAN 2020 PG 12 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KH7QM UT WOS:000510844700001 OA Other Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Camacho-Valdez, V Saenz-Arroyo, A Ghermandi, A Navarrete-Gutierrez, DA Rodiles-Hernandez, R AF Camacho-Valdez, Vera Saenz-Arroyo, Andrea Ghermandi, Andrea Navarrete-Gutierrez, Dario A. Rodiles-Hernandez, Rocio TI Spatial analysis, local people's perception and economic valuation of wetland ecosystem services in the Usumacinta floodplain, Southern Mexico SO PEERJ LA English DT Article DE Usumacinta floodplain; Ecosystem services; Wetland; Local perception; Livelihoods; Spatial analysis ID BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION; BIOSPHERE RESERVE; TRADE-OFFS; POVERTY ALLEVIATION; BENEFIT TRANSFER; SUSTAINABILITY; METAANALYSIS; MANAGEMENT; MONETARY; CAMPECHE AB The Usumacinta floodplain is an exceptional area for biodiversity with important ecosystem services for local people. The main objective of this paper was to estimate reference values and define local perceptions of ecosystem services provided by wetlands and overlapping them with spatially explicit socioeconomic and biodiversity indicators. We used the Usumacinta floodplain as an example of a territory where high dependence of rural people on ecosystem services is confronted with development projects that threat the flow of ecosystem services, thus affecting rural people well-being. With a combination of data from remote sensing, global databases of ecosystem service values, local perception of ecosystem services and socioeconomic and biodiversity richness indicators in a spatially explicit framework, we develop a policy-oriented approach for rapid assessment to manage wetlands and maintain people's livelihoods. Regulating and provisioning services are identified as the most relevant ecosystem services in terms of their monetary value and local perceived importance. In a spatially explicit manner, this approach highlights the most valuable wetlands and identifies rural societies that are highly dependent on ecosystem services. Our approach can be replicated elsewhere and could provide valuable information for policymakers to design policies that can contribute to conserve wetland ecosystems where under threat of development. C1 [Camacho-Valdez, Vera] CONACYT Colegio Frontera Sur, Dept Conservac Biodiversidad, San Cristobal de las Casa, Chiapas, Mexico. [Saenz-Arroyo, Andrea; Rodiles-Hernandez, Rocio] Colegio Frontera Sur, Dept Conservac Biodiversidad, San Cristobal de las Casa, Chiapas, Mexico. [Ghermandi, Andrea] Univ Haifa, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Management, Haifa, Israel. [Navarrete-Gutierrez, Dario A.] Colegio Frontera Sur, Lab Anal Informac Geog & Estadist, San Cristobal de las Casa, Chiapas, Mexico. RP Saenz-Arroyo, A (reprint author), Colegio Frontera Sur, Dept Conservac Biodiversidad, San Cristobal de las Casa, Chiapas, Mexico. EM msaenz@ecosur.mx FU Federal Electricity Commission of Mexico [146006] FX This research was funded by the Federal Electricity Commission of Mexico (Grant number 146006). It was awarded to Rocio Rodiles-Hernandez at El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 92 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU PEERJ INC PI LONDON PA 341-345 OLD ST, THIRD FLR, LONDON, EC1V 9LL, ENGLAND SN 2167-8359 J9 PEERJ JI PeerJ PD JAN 31 PY 2020 VL 8 AR e8395 DI 10.7717/peerj.8395 PG 26 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA KH1DA UT WOS:000510385900002 PM 32042511 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Kim, H Na, S Doh, J Yi, H AF Kim, Hyunjung Na, Sumi Doh, Jisun Yi, Hoonbok TI Community structure of Korean fir (Abies koreana) snag-dwelling arthropods on Hallasan National Park, Jeju Island, Korea SO ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Abies koreana; arthropods; dead wood; Mt; Hallasan ID DEAD WOOD; BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION; HABITAT THRESHOLDS; TEMPERATE FORESTS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; MANAGEMENT AB We executed this research to understand the importance of decaying woods as the diverse arthropods' habitat in Abies koreana forests of Mt. Hallasan, Korea, from 2013 April to 2014 July. We discriminated the Abies koreana forests into one live stage and three decay stages in three blocks (Sungpanak, Yeongsil, Donnaeko) with three replicates and collected arthropods using an emergence trap per tree. We also used the different slope, altitude, decay stage and characteristics of dead wood as statistical variables. As A result, a total of six classes 23 orders 99 families 224 species (69,674 individuals) were collected from 282 emergence traps. We found that there were significant differences in abundance among decay stages and study sites. Our research results would be relevant for developing the ecologically sustainable forest management strategies and we expect these results would be used as the basic data for the forest management plans of Abies koreana. C1 [Kim, Hyunjung; Na, Sumi; Doh, Jisun; Yi, Hoonbok] Seoul Womens Univ, Grad Sch, Dept Biol, Seoul, South Korea. RP Yi, H (reprint author), Seoul Womens Univ, Bio & Environm Technol, 621 Hwarang Ro, Seoul 01797, South Korea. EM yih@swu.ac.kr FU Seoul Women's University FX This work was supported by a basic research grant (2017) from Seoul Women's University. NR 58 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1738-2297 EI 1748-5967 J9 ENTOMOL RES JI Entomol. Res. DI 10.1111/1748-5967.12418 EA JAN 2020 PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA KG9ES UT WOS:000510254200001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Hurley, CK Kempenich, J Wadsworth, K Sauter, J Hofmann, JA Schefzyk, D Schmidt, AH Galarza, P Cardozo, MBR Dudkiewicz, M Houdova, L Jindra, P Sorensen, BS Jagannathan, L Mathur, A Linjama, T Torosian, T Freudenberger, R Manolis, A Mavrommatis, J Cereb, N Manor, S Shriki, N Sacchi, N Ameen, R Fisher, R Dunckley, H Andersen, I Alaskar, A Alzahrani, M Hajeer, A Jawdat, D Nicoloso, G Kupatawintu, P Cho, L Kaur, A Bengtsson, M Dehn, J AF Hurley, Carolyn K. Kempenich, Jane Wadsworth, Kim Sauter, Juergen Hofmann, Jan A. Schefzyk, Daniel Schmidt, Alexander H. Galarza, Pablo Cardozo, Maria B. R. Dudkiewicz, Malgorzata Houdova, Lucie Jindra, Pavel Sorensen, Betina S. Jagannathan, Latha Mathur, Ankit Linjama, Tiina Torosian, Tigran Freudenberger, Rafi Manolis, Anastasios Mavrommatis, John Cereb, Nezih Manor, Sigal Shriki, Nira Sacchi, Nicoletta Ameen, Reem Fisher, Raewyn Dunckley, Heather Andersen, Irene Alaskar, Ahmed Alzahrani, Mohsen Hajeer, Ali Jawdat, Dunia Nicoloso, Grazia Kupatawintu, Pawinee Cho, Louise Kaur, Ashminder Bengtsson, Mats Dehn, Jason TI Common, intermediate and well-documented HLA alleles in world populations: CIWD version 3.0.0 SO HLA LA English DT Article; Early Access DE alleles; ethnic groups; gene frequency; HLA ID MHC CLASS-I; TRANSPLANTATION; NOMENCLATURE; MISMATCH; UPDATE; DONORS AB A catalog of common, intermediate and well-documented (CIWD) HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1, -DRB3, -DRB4, -DRB5, -DQB1 and -DPB1 alleles has been compiled from over 8 million individuals using data from 20 unrelated hematopoietic stem cell volunteer donor registries. Individuals are divided into seven geographic/ancestral/ethnic groups and data are summarized for each group and for the total population. P (two-field) and G group assignments are divided into one of four frequency categories: common (>= 1 in 10 000), intermediate (>= 1 in 100 000), well-documented (>= 5 occurrences) or not-CIWD. Overall 26% of alleles in IPD-IMGT/HLA version 3.31.0 at P group resolution fall into the three CIWD categories. The two-field catalog includes 18% (n = 545) common, 17% (n = 513) intermediate, and 65% (n = 1997) well-documented alleles. Full-field allele frequency data are provided but are limited in value by the variations in resolution used by the registries. A recommended CIWD list is based on the most frequent category in the total or any of the seven geographic/ancestral/ethnic groups. Data are also provided so users can compile a catalog specific to the population groups that they serve. Comparisons are made to three previous CWD reports representing more limited population groups. This catalog, CIWD version 3.0.0, is a step closer to the collection of global HLA frequencies and to a clearer view of HLA diversity in the human population as a whole. C1 [Hurley, Carolyn K.] Georgetown Univ, Dept Oncol, Washington, DC USA. [Kempenich, Jane; Wadsworth, Kim; Dehn, Jason] Natl Marrow Donor Program, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Sauter, Juergen; Hofmann, Jan A.; Schefzyk, Daniel; Schmidt, Alexander H.] DKMS, Tubingen, Germany. [Galarza, Pablo; Cardozo, Maria B. R.] Argentine HSC Donors Registry, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Dudkiewicz, Malgorzata] Cent Unrelated Potential Bone Marrow Donor & Cord, Warsaw, Poland. [Houdova, Lucie] Univ West Bohemia, New Technol Informat Soc, Plzen, Czech Republic. [Jindra, Pavel] Czech Natl Marrow Donors Registry, Plzen, Czech Republic. [Jindra, Pavel] Univ Hosp Plzen, Plzen, Czech Republic. [Sorensen, Betina S.] Aarhus Univ Hosp, Danish Stem Cell Donors West, Aarhus, Denmark. [Jagannathan, Latha] DKMS BMST Fdn India, Bangalore, Karnataka, India. [Jagannathan, Latha; Mathur, Ankit] Bangalore Med Serv Trust, Bangalore, Karnataka, India. [Linjama, Tiina] Finnish Stem Cell Registry, Helsinki, Finland. [Torosian, Tigran] Fundacja DKMS, Warsaw, Poland. [Freudenberger, Rafi] Gift Life Marrow Registry, Boca Raton, FL USA. [Manolis, Anastasios; Mavrommatis, John] HTO, Athens, Greece. [Cereb, Nezih] DATRI Blood Stem Cell Donor Registry, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. [Manor, Sigal; Shriki, Nira] Israel Ezer Mizion Bone Marrow Donor Registry, Bnei Braq, Israel. [Sacchi, Nicoletta] Italian Bone Marrow Donor Registry, Genoa, Italy. [Ameen, Reem] Kuwait Natl Stem Cell Registry, Jabriya, Kuwait. [Fisher, Raewyn] New Zealand Bone Marrow Donor Registry, Auckland, New Zealand. [Dunckley, Heather] New Zealand Blood Serv, Auckland, New Zealand. [Andersen, Irene] Norwegian Bone Marrow Donor Registry, Oslo, Norway. [Alaskar, Ahmed; Alzahrani, Mohsen; Hajeer, Ali; Jawdat, Dunia] King Saud bin Abdulaziz Univ Hlth Sci, King Abdullah Int Med Res Ctr, Minist Natl Guard Hlth Affairs, Saudi Stem Cell Donor Registry, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. [Nicoloso, Grazia] Swiss Blood Stem Cells, Bern, Switzerland. [Kupatawintu, Pawinee] Thai Natl Stem Cell Donor Registry, Bangkok, Thailand. [Cho, Louise; Kaur, Ashminder] Bone Marrow Donor Programme, Singapore, Singapore. [Bengtsson, Mats] Uppsala Univ, Tobias Registry Swedish Bone Marrow Donors, Uppsala, Sweden. [Bengtsson, Mats] Uppsala Univ, Dept Immunol Genet & Pathol, Uppsala, Sweden. RP Hurley, CK (reprint author), Georgetown Univ, CW Bill Young Marrow Donor Recruitment & Res Prog, Dept Oncol, 11333 Woodglen Dr, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. EM hurleyc@georgetown.edu FU Office of Naval ResearchOffice of Naval Research [N00014-18-1-2359]; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Czech Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports under the program NPU I [LO1506]; Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic - Czech health research council [NV18-03-00277] FX This study is supported by Office of Naval Research grant N00014-18-1-2359 to Georgetown University. The Office of Naval Research did not participate in the design or conduct of the study. The views expressed in this article do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of the Navy. Support was also provided by King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; LO1506 of the Czech Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports under the program NPU I; and the Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic - Czech health research council (project no. NV18-03-00277). NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2059-2302 EI 2059-2310 J9 HLA JI HLA DI 10.1111/tan.13811 EA JAN 2020 PG 16 WC Cell Biology; Immunology; Pathology SC Cell Biology; Immunology; Pathology GA KG9IT UT WOS:000510264700001 PM 31970929 OA Other Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Nasir, NM Hiji, J Jayapalan, JJ Hashim, OH AF Nasir, Nurdiena Mohamed Hiji, Jumriah Jayapalan, Jaime Jacqueline Hashim, Onn Haji TI Potential use of human hair shaft keratin peptide signatures to distinguish gender and ethnicity SO PEERJ LA English DT Article DE Human hair shaft proteins; 2DE; Mass spectrometry; Biomarkers; Alkaline solubilisation method ID PROTEIN IDENTIFICATION; CARBAMYLATION; EXTRACTION AB Background. Most human hairs collected at old crime scenes do not contain nuclear DNA and are therefore of less value for forensic investigations. In the present study, hair shaft proteins were extracted from 40 healthy subjects between the ages of 21 to 40 years and profiled using gel electrophoresis-based proteomics to determine if they can be used to distinguish gender and ethnicity. Methods. Extraction of the human hair shaft proteins was performed using a newly developed alkaline solubilisation method. The extracts were profiled by 2-dimensional electrophoresis and resolved protein spots were identified by mass spectrometry and queried against the human hair database. The study was then followed-up by immunoblotting of the identified hair shaft keratin of interest using commercially available antibodies. Results. Separation of the human hair shaft proteins by 2-dimensional electrophoresis generated improved and highly resolved profiles. Comparing the hair shaft protein profiles of 10 female with 10 male subjects and their identification by mass spectrometry and query of the human hair database showed significant altered abundance of truncated/processed type-II keratin peptides K81 (two spots), K83 (one spot) and K86 (three spots). The 2-dimensional electrophoresis profiling of 30 hair shaft samples taken from women of similar age range but from three distinctive ethnic subpopulations in Malaysia further showed significant altered abundance of one type-I and four type-II truncated/processed keratin peptides including K33b, K81, K83 and K86 (2 spots) between at least two of the ethnic groups. When a followed-up immunoblotting experiment was performed to detect the relative expression of the K86 peptides using commercialised antibodies, similar trends of expression were obtained. The present data, when taken together, demonstrated the potential use of keratin peptide signatures of the human hair shaft to distinguish gender and ethnicity although this needs to be further substantiated in a larger scale study. C1 [Nasir, Nurdiena Mohamed; Jayapalan, Jaime Jacqueline; Hashim, Onn Haji] Univ Malaya, Fac Med, Dept Mol Med, Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Perseku, Malaysia. [Hiji, Jumriah; Jayapalan, Jaime Jacqueline; Hashim, Onn Haji] Univ Malaya, Fac Med, Ctr Prote Res, Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Perseku, Malaysia. RP Hashim, OH (reprint author), Univ Malaya, Fac Med, Dept Mol Med, Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Perseku, Malaysia.; Hashim, OH (reprint author), Univ Malaya, Fac Med, Ctr Prote Res, Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Perseku, Malaysia. EM onnhashim@um.edu.my FU University of Malaya, MalaysiaUniversiti Malaya [FG017-17AFR] FX This work was supported by the Frontier Research Grant (FG017-17AFR) from the University of Malaya, Malaysia. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PEERJ INC PI LONDON PA 341-345 OLD ST, THIRD FLR, LONDON, EC1V 9LL, ENGLAND SN 2167-8359 J9 PEERJ JI PeerJ PD JAN 30 PY 2020 VL 8 AR e8248 DI 10.7717/peerj.8248 PG 15 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA KG7QU UT WOS:000510143500001 PM 32030317 OA DOAJ Gold, Green Published DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Ballari, SA Valenzuela, AEJ Nunez, MA AF Ballari, Sebastian A. Valenzuela, Alejandro E. J. Nunez, Martin A. TI Interactions between wild boar and cattle in Patagonian temperate forest: cattle impacts are worse when alone than with wild boar SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Exotic species; Feral pig; Invasional meltdown; Invasive; Non-native; Patagonia ID NATIVE PLANT; SUS-SCROFA; INVASIONAL MELTDOWN; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; HERBIVORES; DEER; COMMUNITIES; MANAGEMENT; PATTERNS; SUPPORT AB The global phenomenon of introduced species has caused serious, negative impacts on biodiversity and human productive activities. Often, introduced species become invasive and impact and modifies the availability of resources in native ecosystem. Cattle and wild boar are two species that have been introduced on all continents for food and sport hunting. Both species cause detrimental changes in ecosystem processes and biodiversity. Particularly in Patagonia, it has been shown in different studies that in isolation these species can cause damage to native plants, alter the structure of the soil and its processes. This study sought to assess and compare the ecosystem impacts of cattle and wild boar upon ecosystem structure and function in different scenarios with the presence of both, one or none of these focal species. Our study area is the Nahuel Huapi National Park where both species have significant presence on temperate forest. In order to evaluate the species impact we combined experimental and observational methods across sites with the presence of one species, both species, and sites without either species. Our data showed that sites with both species or only wild boar showed fewer impacts than expected. However, when cattle is presence, this species seriously threaten the native ecosystems by affecting plant biomass, reducing the shrub cover and number of native plants, and enhancing exotic plant species. Our study found no evidence to support of additive effects or impacts a between both species, but the presence of both cattle and wild boar could have an antagonistic effect or interactions through resource competition. Although cattle and wild boar are considered valuable socio-economic resources, we believe that the free-range populations of these mammals that inhabit temperate forests of Patagonia should have focused management plans that prioritize the control of cattle, to subsequently focus on the management of the wild boar. C1 [Ballari, Sebastian A.] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, Parque Nacl Nahuel Huapi CENAC APN, San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina. [Valenzuela, Alejandro E. J.] Univ Nacl Tierra Fuego UNTDF, Inst Ciencias Polares Ambiente & Recursos Nat ICP, Ushuaia, Tierra Del Fueg, Argentina. [Valenzuela, Alejandro E. J.] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, Ushuaia, Tierra Del Fueg, Argentina. [Nunez, Martin A.] Univ Nacl Comahue, CONICET, INIBIOMA, Grp Ecol Invas, San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina. RP Ballari, SA (reprint author), Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, Parque Nacl Nahuel Huapi CENAC APN, San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina. EM sebastianballari@gmail.com; avalenzuela@untdf.edu.ar; nunezm@gmail.com FU Rufford Foundation [15915-2] FX Funding was provided by Rufford Foundation (Grant No. 15915-2). NR 53 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3547 EI 1573-1464 J9 BIOL INVASIONS JI Biol. Invasions DI 10.1007/s10530-020-02212-w EA JAN 2020 PG 9 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KG9LE UT WOS:000510271000001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Breda, JPLF de Paiva, RCD Collischon, W Bravo, JM Siqueira, VA Steinke, EB AF Lyra Fialho Breda, Joao Paulo Dias de Paiva, Rodrigo Cauduro Collischon, Walter Bravo, Juan Martin Siqueira, Vinicius Alencar Steinke, Elisa Bolzan TI Climate change impacts on South American water balance from a continental-scale hydrological model driven by CMIP5 projections SO CLIMATIC CHANGE LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Water resources; South America; Impacts; Climate change ID BIAS CORRECTION; AMAZON BASIN; STREAMFLOW; SIMULATIONS; UNCERTAINTY; RESOURCES; RUNOFF; COVER; SET AB South America contributes to roughly 30% of global runoff to the oceans. Because the regional economy and biodiversity depend significantly on its water resources, assessing potential climate change impacts on the continental water balance is crucial to support water management planning. Here we evaluate the mean alterations of water balance variables and river discharge in South America by the end of this century using two different GHG scenarios (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5). An ensemble comprising 25 global climate models (GCM) from CMIP5 is used to force a continental-scale hydrologic-hydrodynamic model developed for that region. A negative signal with respect to changes in precipitation, evapotranspiration, and runoff is observed on most of the continent. Major decreases in the annual mean discharge are expected for the Orinoco, Tocantins, and Amazon basins, which would be around 8-14% at least (statistically significant - RCP4.5 and RCP8.5, respectively). Only the Uruguay Basin presents a positive trend for the mean discharge. C1 [Lyra Fialho Breda, Joao Paulo; Dias de Paiva, Rodrigo Cauduro; Collischon, Walter; Bravo, Juan Martin; Siqueira, Vinicius Alencar; Steinke, Elisa Bolzan] Univ Rio Grande Sul, Inst Pesquisas Hidraul, 9500 Bento Goncalves Ave, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. RP Breda, JPLF (reprint author), Univ Rio Grande Sul, Inst Pesquisas Hidraul, 9500 Bento Goncalves Ave, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. EM joaopaulolfb@gmail.com OI Paiva, Rodrigo/0000-0003-2918-6681 FU Brazilian National Water Agency (ANA); "Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior" (CAPES)CAPES; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq)National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) FX This work is part of the project "Desenvolvimento do Modelo Regional do Sistema Terrestre ETA e Geracao de Cenarios de Mudancas Climaticas e de Usos da Terra visando Estudos de Impacto Sobre os Recursos Hidricos" funded by the Brazilian National Water Agency (ANA) and the "Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior" (CAPES). It is also included on the project SAFAS "South America Flood Awareness System" funded by the "Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq)". NR 61 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-0009 EI 1573-1480 J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE JI Clim. Change DI 10.1007/s10584-020-02667-9 EA JAN 2020 PG 20 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA KG9UG UT WOS:000510294600001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Shi, QQ Chen, H Liu, D Zhang, H Geng, TW Zhang, HJ AF Shi, Qinqin Chen, Hai Liu, Di Zhang, Hang Geng, Tianwei Zhang, Hongjuan TI Exploring the linkage between the supply and demand of cultural ecosystem services in Loess Plateau, China: a case study from Shigou Township SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Supply and demand; Cultural ecosystem services; Shigou Township; Loess Plateau ID SOCIAL DEMAND; URBAN AREAS; AGRICULTURAL LANDSCAPES; QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT; ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION; NORTHERN SHAANXI; LAND-USE; MANAGEMENT; BIODIVERSITY; INDICATORS AB Including cultural ecosystem services (ES) in the management of an ecosystem can improve the social acceptance and legitimacy of management decisions. In order to adapt to the inherently fragile ecological environment, the Loess Plateau has formed a unique land-use mode and rural cultural landscape, yet the research on the cultural ES in this area is limited. The study of cultural ES from the supply and demand perspective will contribute to realize the sustainable cultural ES supply and meet people's growing demand for a better life. This study conducted a questionnaire survey with 381 people in 42 villages of Shigou Township in the Loess Plateau to explore local residents' demand (perceived importance) of 8 types of cultural ES. The 5-point Likert scale was used to quantify the relative level of residents' demand of cultural ES. Spearman's rank correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlations between pairs of cultural ES. In addition, this study constructed the indicator system of cultural ES supply from two dimensions of cultural ES supply capacity and accessibility and used a redundancy analysis to explore the linkage between the cultural ES supply and demand. The results showed that residents had a higher demand for esthetics and sense of place, but lower demand for spiritual and religious in Shigou Township. There were significant and positive correlations between different types of cultural ES, and most of them were enjoyed in "bundles." Each type of cultural ES was related to different types of percentage land cover, and geographical distance played an important role in cultural ES supply. Last, we proposed that local residents' perceived importance of cultural ES should be included in decision-making to improve public support for ecosystem management, and managers should simultaneously pay attention to the supply capacity and accessibility of cultural ES to realize the sustainable cultural ES supply. C1 [Shi, Qinqin; Chen, Hai; Liu, Di; Zhang, Hang; Geng, Tianwei; Zhang, Hongjuan] Northwest Univ, Coll Urban & Environm Sci, Xian 710127, Peoples R China. [Shi, Qinqin; Chen, Hai; Liu, Di; Zhang, Hang; Geng, Tianwei; Zhang, Hongjuan] Shaanxi Key Lab Earth Surface Syst & Environm Car, Xian 710127, Peoples R China. RP Chen, H (reprint author), Northwest Univ, Coll Urban & Environm Sci, Xian 710127, Peoples R China.; Chen, H (reprint author), Shaanxi Key Lab Earth Surface Syst & Environm Car, Xian 710127, Peoples R China. EM chw@nwu.edu.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [41971271, 41671086] FX This work was jointly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant numbers 41971271 and 41671086). NR 80 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 0944-1344 EI 1614-7499 J9 ENVIRON SCI POLLUT R JI Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. DI 10.1007/s11356-020-07852-y EA JAN 2020 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KG9YV UT WOS:000510306500002 PM 32002836 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Barfknecht, DF Gibson, DJ Neubig, KM AF Barfknecht, David F. Gibson, David J. Neubig, Kurt M. TI Plant community and phylogenetic shifts in acid seep springs over 49 years following Microstegium vimineum invasion SO PLANT ECOLOGY LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Community; Ecology; Phylogenetics; Acid; Seeps; Microstegium; Exotic; Invasion; Environmental; Filtering; Temporal; Composition; Dispersion ID SPECIES RICHNESS; FUNCTIONAL DIVERSITY; BETA-DIVERSITY; LIMITING SIMILARITY; SHADE-TOLERANT; NULL MODELS; C-4 GRASS; OVERDISPERSION; BIODIVERSITY; EVOLUTION AB Community composition and diversity can change following exotic invasion. We tested the extent to which acid seep spring communities in southern Illinois had changed in composition and community heterogeneity based on three species surveys over 49 years. We also investigated the extent of changes in taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity since the invasion of Microstegium vimineum, an exotic grass. Floristic surveys of ten acid seep springs in southern Illinois were conducted in summer 2017 and compared to two previous surveys from 1968 and 2008. We investigated changes among acid seep springs and between surveys in species composition and community heterogeneity with multivariate ordination based on site dissimilarity, and univariate analyses comparing changes in taxonomic diversity (species richness and exotic species richness) and phylogenetic diversity [net relatedness (NRI) and nearest taxon indices (NTI)] determined from a species phylogeny based upon two plastid sequences (rbcL and matK). Acid seep spring communities became more compositionally similar to each other following woody plant encroachment and M. vimineum invasion. Total species richness declines were observed between surveys while exotic species richness increased. While NRI did not exhibit any temporal patterns, NTI significantly increased over time indicating that a decrease in phylogenetic diversity accompanied exotic invasion over almost half a century within these plant communities. C1 [Barfknecht, David F.; Gibson, David J.; Neubig, Kurt M.] Southern Illinois Univ Carbondale, Deptartment Plant Biol, Life Sci 2,Mail Code 6509, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. RP Barfknecht, DF (reprint author), Southern Illinois Univ Carbondale, Deptartment Plant Biol, Life Sci 2,Mail Code 6509, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. EM david.barfknecht@siu.edu OI Gibson, David/0000-0002-0308-7506 NR 62 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1385-0237 EI 1573-5052 J9 PLANT ECOL JI Plant Ecol. DI 10.1007/s11258-020-01002-7 EA JAN 2020 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA KG9US UT WOS:000510295800001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Kim, JY Hirano, Y Kato, H Noda, A Im, RY Nishihiro, J AF Kim, Ji Yoon Hirano, Yuna Kato, Hiroki Noda, Akira Im, Ran-Young Nishihiro, Jun TI Land-cover changes and distribution of wetland species in small valley habitats that developed in a Late Pleistocene middle terrace region SO WETLANDS ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Spring water; Groundwater dependent ecosystem; Semi-natural habitat; Biodiversity; Urbanization; Yatsu ID JAPANESE BROWN FROG; FRESH-WATER CRABS; LETHENTERON-REISSNERI; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; GENETIC-STRUCTURE; RANA-JAPONICA; PADDY FIELDS; LANDSCAPE; URBANIZATION; COMMUNITIES AB Small valley topology on terraced uplands is a unique groundwater-dependent ecosystem in East Asia. Traditionally, this characteristic valley topology has been used for rice paddies because of the sustained availability of spring water. It also provided a unique habitat for wildlife with moderate agricultural disturbance. Due to recent changes in the land use of terraced terrain, these semi-natural wetlands are disappearing rapidly without an accurate assessment of its conservation value. We examined the distribution of small valley habitats in the Shimousa Upland in northern Chiba Prefecture, Japan, and analyzed temporal changes in land cover from the 1970s to 2010s. We also compared the habitat affiliation of endangered wetland species in the small valley topology and the temporal change of their habitat suitability. We found that the relative percentage of urban area has increased rapidly in upland (from 18.6 to 37.9%) and valley (from 13.1 to 28.6%) areas. The abandonment of rice paddies in the valleys has also increased. Of the endangered wetland species, Geothelphusa dehaani, Lefua echigonia, and Lethenteron reissneri were more common in small valley wetland habitats. However, remained habitat for these species has been decreased due to the on-going urbanization in a terrace area. C1 [Kim, Ji Yoon; Hirano, Yuna; Kato, Hiroki; Noda, Akira; Nishihiro, Jun] Toho Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Funabashi, Chiba, Japan. [Kim, Ji Yoon; Im, Ran-Young; Nishihiro, Jun] Natl Inst Environm Studies, Ctr Climate Change Adaptat, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. [Im, Ran-Young] Toho Univ, Ctr Wildlife Conservat Studies, Funabashi, Chiba, Japan. RP Kim, JY (reprint author), Toho Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Funabashi, Chiba, Japan.; Kim, JY (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Studies, Ctr Climate Change Adaptat, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. EM tapegrass.kim@gmail.com FU Japan Society for the Promotion of Science-JSPS postdoctoral fellowshipMinistry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan (MEXT)Japan Society for the Promotion of Science [P17387]; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science-JSPS KAKENHIMinistry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan (MEXT)Japan Society for the Promotion of ScienceGrants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (KAKENHI) [17F17387]; Environmental Restoration and Conservation Agency-Environment Research and Technology Development Fund [4-1705] FX Japan Society for the Promotion of Science-JSPS postdoctoral fellowship (Grant Number P17387). Japan Society for the Promotion of Science-JSPS KAKENHI (Grant Number 17F17387). Environmental Restoration and Conservation Agency-Environment Research and Technology Development Fund (Grant Number 4-1705). NR 55 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0923-4861 EI 1572-9834 J9 WETL ECOL MANAG JI Wetl. Ecol. Manag. DI 10.1007/s11273-020-09707-2 EA JAN 2020 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA KG9ME UT WOS:000510273600001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Sugimura, K AF Sugimura, Kazumi TI Adolescent Identity Development in Japan SO CHILD DEVELOPMENT PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article; Early Access DE identity development; adolescence; psychosocial functioning; culture; society; Japan ID EMERGING ADULTHOOD; ETHNIC-GROUPS; SELF; PERSPECTIVE; VALIDATION; DYNAMICS; INSIGHTS; SIDES AB Adolescence is a critical period of identity development. Since identity development occurs between an individual and the culture, we assume that there are diverse pathways of adolescent identity development across different cultural contexts. However, much of the research on adolescent identity development has been conducted in Western contexts. Research on adolescent identity development in Japan, a non-Western country characterized as individualistic collectivism in culture and marked by prolonged adolescence in society, provides insight into how aspects of culture and society are crucial to the global study of adolescent identity development. Evidence from Japanese adolescents highlights differences from their Western peers in the developmental process of identity, including its instability and uncertainty, and similarities in the importance of identity to adolescent psychological functioning for both global and cultural indices. Going forward, researchers need to further clarify the interdependence between adolescent identity and the cultural and social context across and within cultures. C1 [Sugimura, Kazumi] Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima, Japan. RP Sugimura, K (reprint author), Hiroshima Univ, Dept Psychol, 1-1-1 Kagamiyama, Hiroshima 7398524, Japan. EM ksugimura@hiroshima-u.ac.jp NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1750-8592 EI 1750-8606 J9 CHILD DEV PERSPECT JI Child Develop. Perspect. DI 10.1111/cdep.12359 EA JAN 2020 PG 7 WC Psychology, Developmental SC Psychology GA KG6YF UT WOS:000510094900001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Sliwinski, MS Powell, LA Schacht, WH AF Sliwinski, Maggi S. Powell, Larkin A. Schacht, Walter H. TI Similar Bird Communities Across Grazing Systems in the Nebraska Sandhills SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article; Early Access DE beef production; disturbance process; grazing systems; heterogeneity; songbird communities; stocking rates; vegetation structure ID GRASSLAND BIRD; HETEROGENEITY; CONSERVATION; VEGETATION; HABITAT; PRAIRIE; FIRE; BIODIVERSITY; ECOSYSTEMS; LIVESTOCK AB Much of the remaining native rangeland in the Great Plains in the United States is privately owned and managed for beef production, and this single priority for land use may be contributing to declining avian biodiversity through a loss of structural heterogeneity. One proposed solution is to use multiple grazing systems across ranches, under the assumption that this approach will increase heterogeneity of vegetation structure and avian diversity across the landscape. We tested the relationship between grazing systems and avian diversity in the Nebraska Sandhills during 2014 and 2015 on a landscape that included 11 management units containing 5 different grazing systems. We used multivariate models to examine the relationship of bird diversity and communities to grazing systems at the management unit scale, and we used simulations to combine empirical data from >= 1 grazing system into virtual landscapes to test the hypothesis that multiple grazing systems would result in greater heterogeneity. The 5 most common avian species made up 84% of observations (28 species), and songbird richness was 5-6 species/7.06 ha at 53% of our plots. Variation in each of the diversity measures (Shannon diversity range = 0.41-2.2, Simpson's diversity range = 0.24-0.88) was best explained by the previous dormant season's stocking rate, and richness declined by about 1 species/plot with an increase in 1 animal unit month (AUM)/ha. Songbird community structure showed the most variance between management unit, but grazing system explained little community variation. None of the simulated landscapes consistently had greater structural heterogeneity of visual obstruction reading, litter depth, and cover of bare ground than others, and there was a limited level of heterogeneity overall in the simulated landscapes. In contrast to our predictions, a variety of grazing systems did not increase heterogeneity of vegetation structure across the landscape. Thus, conservation practitioners should encourage the use of other strategies to create structural heterogeneity, such as prescribed fires and extreme stocking rates, which will support a diverse grassland songbird community (i.e., a greater variety of bird species) across the landscape. (c) 2020 The Wildlife Society. C1 [Sliwinski, Maggi S.] Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Box 90, Mccord, SK S0H 2T0, Canada. [Powell, Larkin A.] Univ Nebraska, 419 Hardin Hall,3310 Holdrege St, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Schacht, Walter H.] Univ Nebraska, 202 Keim Hall, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Sliwinski, Maggi S.] Pk Canada Agcy, Grasslands Natl Pk, POB 150, Val Marie, SK S0N 2T0, Canada. RP Sliwinski, MS (reprint author), Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Box 90, Mccord, SK S0H 2T0, Canada.; Sliwinski, MS (reprint author), Pk Canada Agcy, Grasslands Natl Pk, POB 150, Val Marie, SK S0N 2T0, Canada. EM maggi.sliwinski@gmail.com FU Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration Project through the Nebraska Game and Parks Commission [W-103-R] FX We are grateful to the producers who granted us access to their land. We thank our research technicians for assistance with data collection, and we appreciate logistical assistance from J. C. Geise and M. Nenneman. We are grateful to G. Wright, W. Vohdenal, and other personnel for permission and assistance with our work on the Samuel R. McKelvie National Forest. Funding for this work was provided from Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration ProjectW-103-R through the Nebraska Game and Parks Commission. NR 56 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-541X EI 1937-2817 J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. DI 10.1002/jwmg.21825 EA JAN 2020 PG 11 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA KG5XZ UT WOS:000510026400001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Dias, RM Ortega, JCG Strictar, L dos Santos, NCL Gomes, LC da Luz-Agostinho, KDG Agostinho, CS Agostinho, AA AF Dias, Rosa Maria Goncalves Ortega, Jean Carlo Strictar, Larissa Lacerda dos Santos, Natalia Carneiro Gomes, Luiz Carlos Gaspar da Luz-Agostinho, Karla Danielle Agostinho, Carlos Sergio Agostinho, Angelo Antonio TI Fish trophic guild responses to damming: Variations in abundance and biomass SO RIVER RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article; Early Access DE before-after and control-impact design; colonization in reservoirs; ichthyofauna; neotropical reservoirs; patterns in reservoirs ID PARANA RIVER-BASIN; ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS; REPRODUCTIVE GUILDS; CORUMBA RESERVOIR; MANAGEMENT; FAUNA; FOOD; COLONIZATION; BIODIVERSITY; ASSEMBLAGES AB Dams and associated reservoirs cause drastic changes in the composition and structure of ichthyofauna. Therefore, functional groups within a fish assemblage may respond distinctly to such human interventions in rivers. The objective of this study was to evaluate how fluctuations in fish abundance and biomass differ among trophic guilds. Fish were sampled before and after damming four reservoirs, in their inner areas (more heavily impacted areas) and upstream (less impacted areas). To evaluate possible changes, we used a before-after and control-impact experimental design. Fish were classified into trophic guilds through diet analysis and based on information available from the literature. Six trophic guilds were identified. The effect of periods (before and after damming) and sites (more and less impacted) on abundance and biomass differed among the trophic guilds. Highly specialized trophic guilds, such as herbivores and detritivores, were negatively affected by damming. Invertivores were negatively affected in the impacted area and increased in abundance and biomass in the less impacted sites. The findings of this study show that modifications imposed by damming are reflected in the abundance and biomass of fish trophic guilds, but the degree of such impacts vary according to characteristics of the considered trophic guild. C1 [Dias, Rosa Maria; Goncalves Ortega, Jean Carlo; Lacerda dos Santos, Natalia Carneiro; Gomes, Luiz Carlos; Agostinho, Angelo Antonio] Univ Estadual Maringa, Dept Biol, Programa Posgrad Ecol Ambientes Aquat Continentai, Nucleo Pesquisas Limnol Ictiol & Aquicultura Nupe, Maringa, Parana, Brazil. [Dias, Rosa Maria] Univ Estadual Maringa, PNPD CAPES, Maringa, Parana, Brazil. [Strictar, Larissa] Texas A&M Univ, CAPES PDE, College Stn, TX USA. [Gaspar da Luz-Agostinho, Karla Danielle] Limnobios Consultoria Ambiental, Maringa, Parana, Brazil. [Agostinho, Carlos Sergio] Univ Fed Tocantins, Nucleo Estudos Ambientais Neamb, Palmas, Brazil. RP Dias, RM (reprint author), Univ Estadual Maringa, Dept Biol, Programa Posgrad Ecol Ambientes Aquat Continentai, Nucleo Pesquisas Limnol Ictiol & Aquicultura Nupe, Maringa, Parana, Brazil. EM rmdias2003@yahoo.com.br FU Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES)CAPES; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq)National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq); CNPqNational Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) FX The authors acknowledge all of the field and laboratory teams of the institutions that assisted in the collection of biological material and laboratory analyses. We express our appreciation to the Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES) and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq) for graduate and postdoctoral scholarship. AAA is a researcher with the grant "Produtividade em Pesquisa" of CNPq. NR 62 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1535-1459 EI 1535-1467 J9 RIVER RES APPL JI River Res. Appl. DI 10.1002/rra.3591 EA JAN 2020 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA KG6JE UT WOS:000510055800001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Barreto, LS Souza, ATD Martins, CC Araujo, SBL Ribeiro, CAD AF Barreto, Luiza Santos da Costa Souza, Angie Thaisa Martins, Cesar C. Lino Araujo, Sabrina Borges de Oliveira Ribeiro, Ciro Alberto TI Urban effluents affect the early development stages of Brazilian fish species with implications for their population dynamics SO ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY LA English DT Article DE Ecotoxicology; Ecological modelling; Early life stages toxicity; Native species ID PARANA RIVER-BASIN; EARLY-LIFE STAGE; WASTE-WATER; BISPHENOL-A; EMBRYONIC-DEVELOPMENT; TOXICITY TESTS; PAH MIXTURES; HEPTAPTERIDAE; EXPOSURE; HEALTH AB The pollution from urban effluents discharged into natural waters is a major cause of aquatic biodiversity loss. Ecotoxicological testing contributes significantly to understand the risk of exposure to the biota and to establish conservation policies. The objective of the current study was to assess the toxicity of a river highly influenced by urban effluents (Atuba River, Curitiba city, Southern Brazil) to the early stages of development in four South American native fish species, investigating the consequences at the population level through mathematical modelling. The species chosen were Salminus brasiliensis, Prochilodus lineatus, Rhamdia quelen, and Pseudoplatystoma corruscans, ecologically important species encompassing different conservation statuses and vulnerability. The embryos were exposed from 8 to 96 h post fertilization to the Atuba River water, collected downstream of the largest wastewater treatment plant in the Metropolitan Region of Curitiba, and their survival rates and deformities were registered. The species S. brasiliensis and P. lineatus presented the highest mortality rates, showing high sensitivity to the pollutants present in the water. According to the individual-based mathematical model, these species showed high vulnerability and risk of extinction under the tested experimental conditions, even when different sensitivity scenarios of juveniles and adults were considered. The other two species, R. quelen and P. corruscans, showed a more resistant condition to mortality, but also presented high frequency and severity of deformities. These results emphasize the importance of testing the sensitivity of different Brazilian native species for the conservation of biodiversity and the application of models to predict the effects of pollutants at the population level. C1 [Barreto, Luiza Santos; de Oliveira Ribeiro, Ciro Alberto] Univ Fed Parana, Dept Biol Celular, Lab Toxicol Celular, BR-81531970 Curitiba, PR, Brazil. [da Costa Souza, Angie Thaisa] Univ Fed Parana, Setor Ciencias Biol, Programa Posgrad Ecol & Conservacao, BR-81531980 Curitiba, Parana, Brazil. [Martins, Cesar C.] Univ Fed Parana, Ctr Estudos Mar, BR-83255976 Pontal Do Parana, PR, Brazil. [Lino Araujo, Sabrina Borges] Univ Fed Parana, Dept Fis, BR-81531990 Curitiba, Parana, Brazil. RP Barreto, LS; Ribeiro, CAD (reprint author), Univ Fed Parana, Dept Biol Celular, Lab Toxicol Celular, BR-81531970 Curitiba, PR, Brazil. EM luizabarreto@ufpr.br; ciro@ufpr.br OI Souza, Angie/0000-0003-0592-8070 FU Brazilian agency Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES)CAPES FX The authors would like to thank Amanda Camara de Souza for the assistance during the laboratory procedures and instrumental analysis of POPs and PAHs and the Brazilian agency Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) for the financial support. NR 106 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 15 U2 15 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0147-6513 EI 1090-2414 J9 ECOTOX ENVIRON SAFE JI Ecotox. Environ. Safe. PD JAN 30 PY 2020 VL 188 AR 109907 DI 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109907 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA JX7MD UT WOS:000503913900021 PM 31732269 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Vilar, CC Magris, RA Loyola, R Joyeux, JC AF Vilar, Ciro C. Magris, Rafael A. Loyola, Rafael Joyeux, Jean-Christophe TI Strengthening the synergies among global biodiversity targets to reconcile conservation and socio-economic demands SO AQUATIC CONSERVATION-MARINE AND FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEMS LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Aichi targets; endangered species; fishing; marine protected area; mining; ocean; coastal; spatial prioritization ID MARINE PROTECTED AREAS; CORAL-REEF; TRADE-OFFS; ENVIRONMENT; EXTINCTION; COASTAL; IMPACT; BRAZIL; ISLAND; SHELF AB Most of the world's nations adopted the 20 Aichi global biodiversity targets to be met by 2020, including the protection of at least 10% of their coastal and marine areas (Target 11) and the avoidance of extinction of threatened species (Target 12). However, reconciling these biodiversity targets with socio-economic demands remains a great dilemma for implementing conservation policies. In this paper, Aichi Targets 11 and 12 were simultaneously addressed using Brazil's exclusive economic zone as an example. Priority areas for expanding the current system of marine protected areas within the country's eight marine ecoregions were identified with data on threatened vertebrates under different scenarios. Additionally, the potential effects of major socio-economic activities (small- and large-scale fishing, seabed mining, and oil and gas exploration) on the representation of conservation features in proposed marine protected areas were explored. Areas selected for expanding marine protected areas solely based on biodiversity data were different (spatial overlap from 62% to 93%) from areas prioritized when socio-economic features were incorporated into the analysis. The addition of socio-economic data in the prioritization process substantially decreased opportunity costs and potential conservation conflicts, at the cost of reducing significantly (up to 31%) the coverage of conservation features. Large- and small-scale fisheries act in most of the exclusive economic zone and are the major constraints for protecting high-priority areas. Nevertheless, there is some spatial mismatch between areas of special relevance for conservation and socio-economic activities, suggesting an opportunity for reconciling the achievement of biodiversity targets and development goals within the intricate Brazilian seascape by 2020 and beyond. C1 [Vilar, Ciro C.; Joyeux, Jean-Christophe] Univ Fed Espirito Santo, Dept Oceanog & Ecol, Vitoria, ES, Brazil. [Magris, Rafael A.] Minist Environm, Chico Mendes Inst Biodivers Conservat, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [Loyola, Rafael] Univ Fed Goias, Dept Ecol, Goiania, Go, Brazil. [Loyola, Rafael] Fundacao Brasileira Desenvolvimento Sustentavel, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. RP Vilar, CC (reprint author), Univ Fed Espirito Santo, Av Fernando Ferrari, BR-29075910 Vitoria, ES, Brazil. EM cirovilar@hotmail.com FU Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e TecnologicoNational Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) [306694/2018-2]; Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel SuperiorCAPES [001]; Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Goias [201810267000023]; Ministerio da Ciencia, Tecnologia, Inovacoes e Comunicacoes [465610/2014-5] FX Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico, Grant/Award Number: 306694/2018-2; Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior, Grant/Award Number: Finance Code 001; Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Goias, Grant/Award Number: 201810267000023; Ministerio da Ciencia, Tecnologia, Inovacoes e Comunicacoes, Grant/Award Number: 465610/2014-5 NR 85 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1052-7613 EI 1099-0755 J9 AQUAT CONSERV JI Aquat. Conserv.-Mar. Freshw. Ecosyst. DI 10.1002/aqc.3269 EA JAN 2020 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA KG4MI UT WOS:000509919200001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Weisshaar, K Cabello-Hutt, T AF Weisshaar, Katherine Cabello-Hutt, Tania TI Labor Force Participation Over the Life Course: The Long-Term Effects of Employment Trajectories on Wages and the Gendered Payoff to Employment SO DEMOGRAPHY LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Gender; Employment; Wages; Life course; Labor force ID WOMENS EMPLOYMENT; CAREER INTERRUPTIONS; FLEXIBILITY STIGMA; CLASS ADVANTAGE; PARENTAL LEAVE; PART-TIME; WORK; MOTHERHOOD; PENALTY; FAMILY AB In this article, we consider how individuals' long-term employment trajectories relate to wage inequality and the gender wage gap in the United States. Using more than 30 years of data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 sample, we identify six employment trajectories for individuals from ages 22 to 50. We find that women across racial/ethnic groups and Black men are more likely than White and Hispanic men to have nonsteady employment trajectories and lower levels of employment throughout their lives, and individuals who have experienced poverty also have heightened risks of intermittent employment. We then assess how trajectories are associated with wages later in careers, at ages 45-50. We find significant variation in wages across work trajectories, with steady high employment leading to the highest wages. This wage variation is primarily explained by work characteristics rather than family characteristics. Finally, we examine gender variation in within-trajectory wages. We find that the gender wage gap is largest in the steady high employment trajectory and is reduced among trajectories with longer durations of nonemployment. Thus, although women are relatively more concentrated in nonsteady trajectories than are men, men who do follow nonsteady wage trajectories incur smaller wage premiums than men in steady high employment pathways, on average. These findings demonstrate that long-term employment paths are important predictors of economic and gender wage inequality. C1 [Weisshaar, Katherine; Cabello-Hutt, Tania] Univ N Carolina, Dept Sociol, 155 Hamilton Hall,CB 3210, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP Weisshaar, K (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Sociol, 155 Hamilton Hall,CB 3210, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM weisshaar@unc.edu FU U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics FX We are grateful to Michael Rosenfeld, Koji Chavez, Ariela Schachter, Ted Mouw, and Demography reviewers and editors for comments on earlier versions of the manuscript. The NLSY79 survey is sponsored and directed by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics and conducted by the Center for Human Resource Research at The Ohio State University. Interviews are conducted by the National Opinion Research Center at the University of Chicago. Both authors contributed equally to this work. NR 84 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0070-3370 EI 1533-7790 J9 DEMOGRAPHY JI Demography DI 10.1007/s13524-019-00845-8 EA JAN 2020 PG 28 WC Demography SC Demography GA KG6VK UT WOS:000510087600002 PM 31997232 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Valle, N Antonenko, P Soltis, PS Soltis, DE Folk, RA Guralnick, RP Oliverio, JC Difato, TT Xu, Z Cheng, L AF Valle, Natercia Antonenko, Pavlo Soltis, Pamela S. Soltis, Douglas E. Folk, Ryan A. Guralnick, Robert P. Oliverio, James C. Difato, Timothy T. Xu, Zhen Cheng, Li TI Informal multimedia biodiversity awareness event as a digital ecology for promoting culture of science SO EDUCATION AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Motivation; Informal learning; Self-determination theory; Multimedia; Biodiversity; Culture of science ID SELF-DETERMINATION THEORY AB Using self-determination theory, this study investigated the influence of a multimedia-enhanced informal biodiversity awareness event on the evolving culture of science and internal and external motivation to take environmental action among the members of a small community in Southeastern US. The event was hosted by a local life and science museum and featured three main components: a) opening session by experts in biodiversity; b) animated video about biodiversity; and c) follow-up conversation with scientists. Motivation for Environmental Action survey was used to examine public's motivation to take action to protect biodiversity prior to and upon finishing the event. Semi-structured interviews were employed to investigate public's evolving culture of science. Ordinal regression analysis suggested that public's internal motivation was positively associated with a greater number of actions taken to protect biodiversity. University students were less likely to take actions to protect biodiversity than other members of the public. Interestingly, the increase in internal motivation was larger for students than for non-students, suggesting that even a relatively short informal biodiversity awareness event can impact community's motivation, especially among those who were not particularly motivated to take actions to protect biodiversity prior to the event. C1 [Valle, Natercia] Univ Florida, Sch Teaching & Learning, 9437 SW 31st Ln, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Antonenko, Pavlo] Univ Florida, Sch Teaching & Learning, Coll Educ, G-518B Norman Hall,POB 117048, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Soltis, Pamela S.] Univ Florida, UF Biodivers Inst, 432 Newell Dr,CISE Bldg E251, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Soltis, Douglas E.; Folk, Ryan A.; Guralnick, Robert P.] Univ Florida, Florida Museum Nat Hist, Dickinson Hall,1659 Museum Rd, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Oliverio, James C.] Univ Florida, Digital Worlds Inst, POB 115800, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Difato, Timothy T.] Univ Florida, UF Digital Worlds REVE, POB 115810,101 Norman Gym, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Xu, Zhen; Cheng, Li] Univ Florida, Sch Teaching & Learning, POB 117048, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Valle, N (reprint author), Univ Florida, Sch Teaching & Learning, 9437 SW 31st Ln, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. EM nvalle@ufl.edu NR 52 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1360-2357 EI 1573-7608 J9 EDUC INF TECHNOL JI Educ. Inf. Technol. DI 10.1007/s10639-020-10121-7 EA JAN 2020 PG 23 WC Education & Educational Research SC Education & Educational Research GA KG7CA UT WOS:000510104800001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Ramamonjisoa, N Sakai, M Ndriantsoa, SH Kakehashi, R Kurabayashi, A Tomaru, N Natuhara, Y AF Ramamonjisoa, Noelikanto Sakai, Masaru Ndriantsoa, Serge Herilala Kakehashi, Ryosuke Kurabayashi, Atsushi Tomaru, Nobuhiro Natuhara, Yosihiro TI Hotspots of stream tadpole diversity in forest and agricultural landscapes in Ranomafana, Madagascar SO LANDSCAPE AND ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Logging; Amphibians; Degraded habitats; Edge; Anuran larvae; Streams ID SPECIES RICHNESS; EXTINCTION PRONENESS; AMPHIBIAN DIVERSITY; FROG ASSEMBLAGES; HABITAT; PATTERNS; FRAGMENTATION; LARVAL; MATRIX; DISTURBANCE AB Logging and human-induced conversion of natural forests into agricultural areas are major drivers of biodiversity loss in the tropics. Anuran larvae can be highly diverse, can reach high biomass and can play important roles in tropical streams; yet, compared to the adult frog communities, relatively little is known about how larval communities respond to disturbance. Information on larvae is highly relevant for amphibian conservation because larvae represent direct evidence of breeding and thus provide a good indicator of species persistence in disturbed habitats. We studied tadpole assemblages in Ranomafana, southeastern part of Madagascar, in streams in a disturbed forest (previously logged forest), at "forest edge" (streams embedded in matrix nearby forest blocks), and compared these to communities in a primary forest. We sampled tadpoles at the microhabitat level ("pools" and "riffles") in 9 streams. We recorded 27 species with a maximum of 17 species/stream recorded at edge. The three habitats harbored different assemblages, but, as could be expected, more similarities existed among forest habitats than between forest and non-forest habitats. The most and the least diverse communities were recorded at edge and in the disturbed forest, respectively. Assemblages were dominated by one generalist species, and changes in communities were mostly driven by changes in forest specialists, which either decreased in disturbed forest or were replaced by edge specialists outside forest. Although species richness varied, relative abundances were maintained among habitats, suggesting potential compensatory mechanisms in tadpole biomass. Community structure changed at the microhabitat level: pool environments usually harbored relatively higher species richness and abundance than riffles. Our study highlights the relevance of edge habitats for maintaining amphibian diversity and the pronounced negative effects of past logging activities on tadpole communities. Given the diverse roles of tadpoles in streams, changes in community structure potentially affect critical stream ecosystem processes. The study has strong implications for designing buffer zones around protected areas. C1 [Ramamonjisoa, Noelikanto; Natuhara, Yosihiro] Nagoya Univ, Grad Sch Environm Studies, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan. [Ramamonjisoa, Noelikanto] Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Kyoto, Japan. [Sakai, Masaru] Chuo Univ, Fac Sci & Engn, Tokyo, Japan. [Ndriantsoa, Serge Herilala] Univ Antananar, Ment Zool & Anim Biodivers, Antananarivo, Madagascar. [Kakehashi, Ryosuke; Kurabayashi, Atsushi] Hiroshima Univ, Amphibian Res Ctr, Hiroshima, Japan. [Kakehashi, Ryosuke; Kurabayashi, Atsushi] Nagahama Inst Biosci & Technol, Dept Biosci, Nagahama, Shiga, Japan. [Kurabayashi, Atsushi] North West Univ, Unit Environm Sci & Management, Potchefstroom, South Africa. [Tomaru, Nobuhiro] Nagoya Univ, Grad Sch Bioagr Sci, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan. RP Ramamonjisoa, N; Natuhara, Y (reprint author), Nagoya Univ, Grad Sch Environm Studies, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.; Ramamonjisoa, N (reprint author), Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Kyoto, Japan. EM noelikanto@gmail.com; natuhara@nagoya-u.jp FU JSPS KAKENHIMinistry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan (MEXT)Japan Society for the Promotion of ScienceGrants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (KAKENHI) [26640137]; Graduate School of Environmental Studies of Nagoya University; Ministry of Education, Sports and Culture of the Government of Japan FX This study was supported by JSPS KAKENHI No. 26640137, the Graduate School of Environmental Studies of Nagoya University, and the Ministry of Education, Sports and Culture of the Government of Japan. The study was conducted under the research permit 256/15/MEEMF/SG/DGF/DAPT/SCBT. We are indebted to Justin Solo for assisting in the fieldwork. Yoda Ken and Kenichiro Sugitani provided valuable comments on earlier drafts of the manuscript. We thank Rio Heriniaina for making the map. We are grateful to the Ethology lab of Kyoto University for hosting N. Ramamonjsoa at the time of finalizing the manuscript. We thank Eileen Larney, MICET/ICTE, and Centre Valbio Ranomafana for logistic supports. We are grateful to Madagascar National Parks and the Ministry of Forest and Environment Madagascar for their collaboration. NR 65 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER JAPAN KK PI TOKYO PA SHIROYAMA TRUST TOWER 5F, 4-3-1 TORANOMON, MINATO-KU, TOKYO, 105-6005, JAPAN SN 1860-1871 EI 1860-188X J9 LANDSC ECOL ENG JI Landsc. Ecol. Eng. DI 10.1007/s11355-020-00407-w EA JAN 2020 PG 15 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KG7EU UT WOS:000510112000001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Altermatt, F Little, CJ Machler, E Wang, SP Zhang, XW Blackman, RC AF Altermatt, Florian Little, Chelsea J. Maechler, Elvira Wang, Shaopeng Zhang, Xiaowei Blackman, Rosetta C. TI Uncovering the complete biodiversity structure in spatial networks: the example of riverine systems SO OIKOS LA English DT Article; Early Access DE biomonitoring; dendritic networks; ecosystem function; eDNA; environmental DNA; spatial ecology ID FRESH-WATER BIODIVERSITY; ENVIRONMENTAL DNA; ECOSYSTEM STABILITY; CLIMATE-CHANGE; DIVERSITY; CONSERVATION; DISPERSAL; DYNAMICS; ECOLOGY; RECOMMENDATIONS AB Uncovering biodiversity as an inherent feature of ecosystems and understanding its effects on ecosystem processes is one of the most central goals of ecology. Studying organisms' occurrence and biodiversity patterns in natural ecosystems has spurred the discovery of foundational ecological rules, such as the species-area relationship, and is of general scientific interest. Recent global changes add relevance and urgency to understanding the occurrence and diversity of organisms, and their respective roles in ecosystem processes. While information on ecosystem properties and abiotic environmental conditions are now available at unprecedented, highly-resolved spatial and temporal scales, the most fundamental variable - biodiversity itself - is still often studied in a local perspective, and generally not available at a wide taxonomic breadth, high temporal scale and spatial coverage. This is limiting the capacity and impact of ecology as a field of science. In this forum article, we propose that complete biodiversity assessments should be inclusive across taxonomic and functional groups, across space, and across time to better understand emergent properties, such as ecosystem functioning. We use riverine ecosystems as a case example because they are among the most biodiverse ecosystems worldwide, but are also highly threatened, such that an in-depth understanding of these systems is critically needed. Furthermore, their inherent spatial structure requires a multiscale perspective and consideration of spatial autocorrelation structures commonly ignored in biodiversity-ecosystem functioning studies. We show how recent methodological advances in environmental DNA (eDNA) provide novel opportunities to uncover broad biodiversity and link it to ecosystem processes, with the potential to revolutionize ecology and biodiversity sciences. We then outline a roadmap for using this technique to assess biodiversity in a complete and inclusive manner. Our proposed approach will help to get an understanding of biodiversity and associated ecosystem processes at spatial scales relevant for landscape ecology and environmental managers. C1 [Altermatt, Florian; Little, Chelsea J.; Maechler, Elvira; Blackman, Rosetta C.] Eawag, Swiss Fed Inst Aquat Sci & Technol, Dept Aquat Ecol, Uberlandstr 133, CH-8600 Dubendorf, Switzerland. [Altermatt, Florian; Little, Chelsea J.; Maechler, Elvira; Blackman, Rosetta C.] Univ Zurich, Dept Evolutionary Biol & Environm Studies, Winterthurerstr 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland. [Wang, Shaopeng] Peking Univ, Minist Educ, Coll Urban & Environm Sci, Inst Ecol, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Wang, Shaopeng] Peking Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Earth Surface Proc, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Xiaowei] Nanjing Univ, Sch Environm, State Key Lab Pollut Control & Resource Reuse, Nanjing, Peoples R China. RP Altermatt, F (reprint author), Eawag, Swiss Fed Inst Aquat Sci & Technol, Dept Aquat Ecol, Uberlandstr 133, CH-8600 Dubendorf, Switzerland.; Altermatt, F (reprint author), Univ Zurich, Dept Evolutionary Biol & Environm Studies, Winterthurerstr 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland. EM florian.altermatt@eawag.ch OI Little, Chelsea J./0000-0003-2803-7465; Altermatt, Florian/0000-0002-4831-6958 FU Swiss National Science FoundationSwiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) [PP00P3_179089, 31003A_173074]; University of Zurich Research Priority Programme 'URPP Global Change and Biodiversity' FX Funding is from the Swiss National Science Foundation grants no PP00P3_179089 and 31003A_173074 and the University of Zurich Research Priority Programme 'URPP Global Change and Biodiversity' (to FA). NR 116 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0030-1299 EI 1600-0706 J9 OIKOS JI Oikos DI 10.1111/oik.06806 EA JAN 2020 PG 12 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KG4CG UT WOS:000509891200001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Koncz, NK Beri, B Deak, B Kelemen, A Toth, K Kiss, R Radocz, S Miglecz, T Tothmeresz, B Valko, O AF Koncz, Nora Kovacsne Beri, Bela Deak, Balazs Kelemen, Andras Toth, Katalin Kiss, Reka Radocz, Szilvia Miglecz, Tamas Tothmeresz, Bela Valko, Orsolya TI Meat production and maintaining biodiversity: Grazing by traditional breeds and crossbred beef cattle in marshes and grasslands SO APPLIED VEGETATION SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Early Access DE alkaline grassland; grazing intensity; grazing regime; livestock; pasture; rangeland; wetland ID ALKALI GRASSLANDS; LAND-USE; VEGETATION; DIVERSITY; LIVESTOCK; MANAGEMENT; PATTERNS; WETLANDS AB Questions Sustainable rangeland utilization considering traditions and economic reasons is compulsory for harmonising the needs of the agricultural and nature conservation sectors. For proper rangeland management it is crucial to compare the grazing effects of traditional breeds and crossbred animals of the same species that might have different effects on the rangelands. To fill this knowledge gap, in a grazing experiment, we investigated the effect of cattle breeds on the vegetation to test the effects on nature conservation value and agricultural production value. We hypothesized that the effects of cattle grazing on habitat conservation values and forage quality depend on the grazing breed, because breeds differ in selectivity, body size and trampling effect. Location Marshes and alkaline wet grasslands in Hortobagy National Park, Hungary. Methods We recorded the percentage cover of vascular plants in three consecutive years in a total of 60 plots in 12 areas grazed by traditional (0.61 AU/ha) and large-sized crossbred beef cattle (0.68 AU/ha). Results We found that the effect of cattle breed on the habitat conservation values and forage quality is dependent on the habitat type. The traditional breed maintained a significantly higher species number and Shannon diversity in marshes than the crossbred beef cattle. Grazing of crossbred cattle led to decreasing moisture indicator values in marsh habitats. Conclusions Our findings revealed that traditional breeds should be prioritized in the management of wet alkaline grasslands and marshes. Crossbred beef cattle might be a substitute but only in case traditional breeds are not available for the management of alkaline wet grasslands. In marshes, however, we recommend prioritizing the traditional breeds as they maintain higher diversity compared to crossbred beef cattle. C1 [Koncz, Nora Kovacsne; Beri, Bela] Univ Debrecen, Fac Agr & Food Sci & Environm Management, Inst Anim Sci, Debrecen, Hungary. [Deak, Balazs; Kelemen, Andras; Kiss, Reka; Valko, Orsolya] MTA OK Lendulet Seed Ecol Res Grp, Alkotmany Ut 2-4, H-2163 Vacratot, Hungary. [Deak, Balazs; Toth, Katalin; Radocz, Szilvia; Miglecz, Tamas] Univ Debrecen, Dept Ecol, Debrecen, Hungary. [Kelemen, Andras] MTA Post Doctoral Res Program, Debrecen, Hungary. [Tothmeresz, Bela] MTA DE Biodivers & Ecosyst Serv Res Grp, Debrecen, Hungary. RP Deak, B (reprint author), MTA OK Lendulet Seed Ecol Res Grp, Alkotmany Ut 2-4, H-2163 Vacratot, Hungary. EM debalazs@gmail.com RI Deak, Balazs/Q-1069-2016; Valko, Orsolya/Q-1061-2016 OI Deak, Balazs/0000-0001-6938-1997; Valko, Orsolya/0000-0001-7919-6293; Kiss, Reka/0000-0001-7832-5751 FU European UnionEuropean Union (EU) [EFOP 3.6.1-16-2016-00022]; European Social FundEuropean Social Fund (ESF) [EFOP 3.6.1-16-2016-00022]; Nemzeti Kutatasi Fejlesztesi es Innovacios Hivatal [FK 124404, K 116639, KH 126476, KH 126477, KH 130338, NKFI PD 124548, NKFI PD 128302] FX European Union and the European Social Fund, Grant/Award Number: EFOP 3.6.1-16-2016-00022; Nemzeti Kutatasi Fejlesztesi es Innovacios Hivatal, Grant/Award Number: FK 124404, K 116639, KH 126476, KH 126477, KH 130338, NKFI PD 124548 and NKFI PD 128302 NR 52 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1402-2001 EI 1654-109X J9 APPL VEG SCI JI Appl. Veg. Sci. DI 10.1111/avsc.12475 EA JAN 2020 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA KG2VT UT WOS:000509801600001 OA Bronze DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Huml, JV Harris, WE Taylor, MI Sen, R Prudhomme, C Ellis, JS AF Huml, J. Vanessa Harris, W. Edwin Taylor, Martin I. Sen, Robin Prudhomme, Christel Ellis, Jonathan S. TI Pollution control can help mitigate future climate change impact on European grayling in the UK SO DIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTIONS LA English DT Article; Early Access DE climate change; conservation; European grayling; habitat improvement; pollution; species distribution modelling ID SPECIES DISTRIBUTION MODELS; ENVELOPE MODELS; SALMO-TRUTTA; RIVER; DISTRIBUTIONS; BIODIVERSITY; MAXENT; CONSERVATION; TEMPERATURE; COMPLEXITY AB Aim We compare the performance of habitat suitability models using climate data only or climate data together with water chemistry, land cover and predation pressure data to model the distribution of European grayling (Thymallus thymallus). From these models, we (a) investigate the relationship between habitat suitability and genetic diversity; (b) project the distribution of grayling under future climate change; and (c) model the effects of habitat mitigation on future distributions. Location United Kingdom. Methods Maxent species distribution modelling was implemented using a Simple model (only climate parameters) or a Full model (climate, water chemistry, land use and predation pressure parameters). Areas of high and low habitat suitability were designated. Associations between habitat suitability and genetic diversity for both neutral and adaptive markers were examined. Distribution under minimal and maximal future climate change scenarios was modelled for 2050, incorporating projections of future flow scenarios obtained from the Centre for Ecology and Hydrology. To examine potential mitigation effects within habitats, models were run with manipulation of orthophosphate, nitrite and copper concentrations. Results We mapped suitable habitat for grayling in the present and the future. The Full model achieved substantially higher discriminative power than the Simple model. For low suitability habitat, higher levels of inbreeding were observed for adaptive, but not neutral, loci. Future projections predict a significant contraction of highly suitable areas. Under habitat mitigation, modelling suggests that recovery of suitable habitat of up to 10% is possible. Main conclusions Extending the climate-only model improves estimates of habitat suitability. Significantly higher inbreeding coefficients were found at immune genes, but not neutral markers in low suitability habitat, indicating a possible impact of environmental stress on evolutionary potential. The potential for habitat mitigation to alleviate distributional changes under future climate change is demonstrated, and specific recommendations are made for habitat recovery on a regional basis. C1 [Huml, J. Vanessa; Sen, Robin] Manchester Metropolitan Univ, Sch Sci & Environm, Oxford Rd, Manchester M15 6BH, Lancs, England. [Huml, J. Vanessa; Ellis, Jonathan S.] Univ Plymouth, Sch Biol & Marine Sci, Plymouth, Devon, England. [Harris, W. Edwin] Harper Adams Univ, Crop & Environm Sci, Edgmond, England. [Taylor, Martin I.] Univ East Anglia, Sch Biol Sci, Norwich, Norfolk, England. [Prudhomme, Christel] European Ctr Medium Range Weather Forecasts, Reading, Berks, England. RP Huml, JV (reprint author), Manchester Metropolitan Univ, Sch Sci & Environm, Oxford Rd, Manchester M15 6BH, Lancs, England. EM vanessa.huml@plymouth.ac.uk FU Grayling Research Trust; Manchester Metropolitan University FX Grayling Research Trust; Manchester Metropolitan University NR 86 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1366-9516 EI 1472-4642 J9 DIVERS DISTRIB JI Divers. Distrib. DI 10.1111/ddi.13039 EA JAN 2020 PG 16 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KG4HW UT WOS:000509906900001 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Murillo, FJ Weigel, B Marmen, MB Kenchington, E AF Murillo, Francisco Javier Weigel, Benjamin Marmen, Marieve Bouchard Kenchington, Ellen TI Marine epibenthic functional diversity on Flemish Cap (north-west Atlantic)-Identifying trait responses to the environment and mapping ecosystem functions SO DIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTIONS LA English DT Article; Early Access DE benthic invertebrates; community assembly; deep sea; environmental filtering; Hierarchical Modelling of Species Communities; joint species distribution model; north-west Atlantic; trait composition ID SEA SPONGE GROUNDS; NORTHWEST ATLANTIC; BATHYMETRIC PATTERNS; BODY-SIZE; COMMUNITY; FRAMEWORK; ECOLOGY; FAUNA; IMPLEMENTATION; BIODIVERSITY AB Aim To characterize the functional diversity and selected ecological functions of marine epibenthic invertebrate communities at the ecosystem scale and to evaluate the relative contributions of environmental filtering, including bottom-contact fishing, and competitive interactions to benthic community assembly. Location Flemish Cap, an ecosystem production unit and fishing bank in the high seas of the north-west Atlantic Ocean. Methods Through the use of Hierarchical Modelling of Species Communities (HMSC), we have explored seven community response traits to the environment applied to 105 epibenthic species and evaluated the influence of such traits on the community assembly processes. Assumed bioturbation, nutrient cycling and habitat provision functions, linked to individual or a combination of biological traits, were mapped using random forest modelling. Results Functional richness within benthic communities reached an asymptote for trawl sets with roughly more than 30 species. Assemblages on top of the Flemish Cap (<500 m depth) were characterized by higher biomass of small- and medium-sized species with short life spans, whereas large species with longer life spans and broadcast spawners were dominant in the deeper assemblages (500-1,500 m depth). The amount of variation explained by the species' responses to the covariates mediated by the traits was relatively high (25%) indicating their relevance to community assembly. Community-weighted mean trait values changed with depth and physical oceanographic variables, indicating that environmental filtering was occurring. Interspecific interactions, as inferred from the random effect at the sample level, accounted for 16.3% of the variance in the model, while fishing effort explained only 5.2% of the variance but conferred strong negative impacts for most species. Main conclusions Our results suggest that while bottom-contact fishing impacts have an effect on functional diversity, changes to the physical oceanography of the system are likely to have more profound impacts. The maps of benthic functioning can aid assessments of ecosystem impacts of fishing. C1 [Murillo, Francisco Javier; Marmen, Marieve Bouchard; Kenchington, Ellen] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Bedford Inst Oceanog, Dartmouth, NS, Canada. [Weigel, Benjamin] Univ Helsinki, Fac Biol & Environm Sci, Res Ctr Ecol Change, Organismal & Evolutionary Biol Res Programme, Helsinki, Finland. RP Murillo, FJ (reprint author), Bedford Inst Oceanog, Dept Fisheries & Oceans, Ocean & Ecosyst Sci Div, 1 Challenger Dr, Dartmouth, NS B2Y 4A2, Canada. EM javier.murillo-perez@dfo-mpo.gc.ca OI Weigel, Benjamin/0000-0003-2302-5529 FU Fisheries and Oceans Canada; Strategic Research Council of the Academy of Finland [312650] FX Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Grant/Award Number: International Governance Strategy Science Program; Strategic Research Council of the Academy of Finland, Grant/Award Number: grant 312650 to the BlueAdapt consortium NR 100 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1366-9516 EI 1472-4642 J9 DIVERS DISTRIB JI Divers. Distrib. DI 10.1111/ddi.13026 EA JAN 2020 PG 19 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KG4FS UT WOS:000509901200001 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Gonzalez, A Germain, RM Srivastava, DS Filotas, E Dee, LE Gravel, D Thompson, PL Isbell, F Wang, SP Kefi, S Montoya, J Zelnik, YR Loreau, M AF Gonzalez, Andrew Germain, Rachel M. Srivastava, Diane S. Filotas, Elise Dee, Laura E. Gravel, Dominique Thompson, Patrick L. Isbell, Forest Wang, Shaopeng Kefi, Sonia Montoya, Jose Zelnik, Yuval R. Loreau, Michel TI Scaling-up biodiversity-ecosystem functioning research SO ECOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Beta diversity; biological diversity; ecosystem functioning; ecosystems; environmental heterogeneity; scale; turnover ID SPECIES RICHNESS; PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY; COMMUNITY DYNAMICS; RESPONSE DIVERSITY; SPATIAL INSURANCE; CAUSAL INFERENCE; BIOMASS DYNAMICS; PLANT DIVERSITY; GLOBAL PATTERNS; BETA-DIVERSITY AB A rich body of knowledge links biodiversity to ecosystem functioning (BEF), but it is primarily focused on small scales. We review the current theory and identify six expectations for scale dependence in the BEF relationship: (1) a nonlinear change in the slope of the BEF relationship with spatial scale; (2) a scale-dependent relationship between ecosystem stability and spatial extent; (3) coexistence within and among sites will result in a positive BEF relationship at larger scales; (4) temporal autocorrelation in environmental variability affects species turnover and thus the change in BEF slope with scale; (5) connectivity in metacommunities generates nonlinear BEF and stability relationships by affecting population synchrony at local and regional scales; (6) spatial scaling in food web structure and diversity will generate scale dependence in ecosystem functioning. We suggest directions for synthesis that combine approaches in metaecosystem and metacommunity ecology and integrate cross-scale feedbacks. Tests of this theory may combine remote sensing with a generation of networked experiments that assess effects at multiple scales. We also show how anthropogenic land cover change may alter the scaling of the BEF relationship. New research on the role of scale in BEF will guide policy linking the goals of managing biodiversity and ecosystems. C1 [Gonzalez, Andrew] McGill Univ, Dept Biol, 1205 Dr Penfield Ave, Montreal, PQ H3A 1B1, Canada. [Germain, Rachel M.; Srivastava, Diane S.; Thompson, Patrick L.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Zool, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. [Germain, Rachel M.; Srivastava, Diane S.; Thompson, Patrick L.] Univ British Columbia, Biodivers Res Ctr, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. Univ Quebec, Dept Sci & Technol, Ctr Forest Res, 5800 St Denis, Montreal, PQ H2S 3L5, Canada. [Dee, Laura E.] Univ Colorado, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Gravel, Dominique] Univ Sherbrooke, Dept Biol, 2500 Blvd Univ, Sherbrooke, PQ J1K 2R1, Canada. [Isbell, Forest] Univ Minnesota, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, 1479 Gortner Ave, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Wang, Shaopeng] Peking Univ, Coll Urban & Environm Sci, Inst Ecol, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Wang, Shaopeng] Peking Univ, Key Lab Earth Surface Proc, Minist Educ, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Kefi, Sonia] Univ Montpellier, IRD, EPHE, CNRS,ISEM, Montpellier, France. [Montoya, Jose; Zelnik, Yuval R.; Loreau, Michel] CNRS, Theoret & Expt Ecol Stn, Ctr Biodivers Theory & Modelling, 2 Route CNRS, F-09200 Moulis, France. RP Gonzalez, A (reprint author), McGill Univ, Dept Biol, Gonzalez 1205 Doctor Penfield, Montreal, PQ H3A 1B1, Canada. EM andrew.gonzalez@mcgill.ca RI ; Thompson, Patrick/B-6213-2012 OI Dee, Laura/0000-0003-0471-1371; Thompson, Patrick/0000-0002-5278-9045; Srivastava, Diane/0000-0003-4541-5595; Kefi, Sonia/0000-0002-9678-7770 FU NSERCNatural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Killam Fellowship; Quebec Centre for Biodiversity Science (QCBS); Liber Ero Chair in Biodiversity Conservation; Biodiversity Research Centre; Killam trust; US National Science Foundation's LTER Network Communications Office [DEB1545288]; ANR project ARSENICFrench National Research Agency (ANR) [ANR-14-CE02-0012]; TULIP Laboratory of Excellence [ANR-10-LABX-41]; BIOSTASES Advanced Grant from the European Research Council under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme [666971]; FRAGCLIM Consolidator Grant from the European Research Council under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme [726176]; Quebec Centre for Biodiversity Science [12]; Centre for Biodiversity Theory and Modelling (Moulis, France) FX We thank Mary O'Connor and Jane Cowles for valuable discussions and suggestions for improving the manuscript. AG acknowledges the support of NSERC, Killam Fellowship, the Quebec Centre for Biodiversity Science (QCBS) and the Liber Ero Chair in Biodiversity Conservation. DS acknowledges support of NSERC. RMG was supported by the Biodiversity Research Centre and Killam trust, and NSERC. JC, LD and FI acknowledge support from the US National Science Foundation's LTER Network Communications Office (DEB1545288). PLT was supported by NSERC and the Killam trust. SK was supported by the ANR project ARSENIC (ANR-14-CE02-0012). YZ, ML and JMM were supported by the TULIP Laboratory of Excellence (ANR-10-LABX-41), and YZ and ML by the BIOSTASES Advanced Grant (grant agreement no. 666971), and JMM by the FRAGCLIM Consolidator Grant (grant agreement no. 726176) from the European Research Council under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme. This paper arose from a joint working group supported by the Quebec Centre for Biodiversity Science (working group #12) and the Centre for Biodiversity Theory and Modelling (Moulis, France). NR 225 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 9 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1461-023X EI 1461-0248 J9 ECOL LETT JI Ecol. Lett. DI 10.1111/ele.13456 EA JAN 2020 PG 20 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KG4HX UT WOS:000509907000001 PM 31997566 OA Other Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Grace, KT Alexander, KA Jeffers, NK Miller, E Decker, MR Campbell, J Glass, N AF Grace, Karen Trister Alexander, Kamila A. Jeffers, Noelene K. Miller, Elizabeth Decker, Michele R. Campbell, Jacquelyn Glass, Nancy TI Experiences of Reproductive Coercion Among Latina Women and Strategies for Minimizing Harm: "The Path Makes Us Strong" SO JOURNAL OF MIDWIFERY & WOMENS HEALTH LA English DT Article; Early Access DE coercion; ethnic groups; Hispanic Americans; intimate partner violence; pregnancy; unplanned; qualitative research; reproductive health ID INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE; UNINTENDED PREGNANCY; ETHNIC-DIFFERENCES; FAMILY; SAMPLE; INTERVENTION; ATTITUDES; IMPLANT AB Introduction Latina women disproportionately report experiencing reproductive coercion (RC), a set of behaviors that interfere with autonomous reproductive decision making. Given RC's associations with intimate partner violence (IPV) and unintended pregnancy, it is critical to identify and address RC to assist women to achieve safety, autonomy, and reproductive life plans. The purpose of this study was to describe and understand the context of RC and the use of RC safety strategies among Latina women receiving services at an urban clinic, through listening to the experiences of the women in their own words. Methods Qualitative descriptive methodology was used. Semistructured interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of 13 Latina women recruited from a Federally Qualified Health Center in the Washington, DC, area. Results Data were organized into 3 a priori categories: (1) RC behaviors, (2) co-occurrence of RC and IPV, and (3) RC harm reduction strategies. New RC behaviors emerged, and immigration status was used as a method of coercive control. From these a priori categories emerged 4 themes: impact of immigrant and citizenship status, machismo, strength and bravery, and importance of family. Harm reduction strategies included less detectable contraception; some sought community services, but others resorted to deception and stalling as the only tools available to them. Discussion Less detectable methods of contraception remained useful harm reduction strategies for women experiencing RC. Midwives should inquire about method fit and be mindful of honoring the request when patients ask to change methods. Women's strength and resilience emerged as a vital source of power and endurance. This diverse sample and the powerful voices of the women who participated make a significant contribution to the understanding of RC experienced by Latina women in the United States. C1 [Grace, Karen Trister] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Nursing, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Grace, Karen Trister; Decker, Michele R.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Populat Family & Reprod Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Alexander, Kamila A.; Jeffers, Noelene K.; Campbell, Jacquelyn; Glass, Nancy] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Nursing, Baltimore, MD USA. [Miller, Elizabeth] Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Grace, KT (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Nursing, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.; Grace, KT (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Populat Family & Reprod Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM kgrace2@jhu.edu OI Grace, Karen/0000-0001-6899-6535 FU Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human DevelopmentUnited States Department of Health & Human ServicesNational Institutes of Health (NIH) - USANIH Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development (NICHD) [K24HD075862]; Melissa Institute for Violence Prevention and Treatment; Council for the Advancement of Nursing Science; Southern Nursing Research Society; American College of Nurse Midwives; American Nurses Foundation; National League for Nursing NR 53 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1526-9523 EI 1542-2011 J9 J MIDWIFERY WOM HEAL JI J. Midwifery Women Health DI 10.1111/jmwh.13061 EA JAN 2020 PG 9 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA KG2TJ UT WOS:000509795400001 PM 31994835 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Diaz-Toribio, MH Carr, S Putz, FE AF Diaz-Toribio, Milton H. Carr, Susan Putz, Francis E. TI Pine savanna plant community disassembly after fire suppression SO JOURNAL OF VEGETATION SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Early Access DE anthropogenic disturbances; community disassembly; disturbance regimes; fire ecology; fire suppression; functional traits; plant encroachment; species loss ID FUNCTIONAL DIVERSITY; GRASSLANDS; HISTORY; RESPONSES; FOREST; RESTORATION; TRAITS; GROWTH; ECOSYSTEMS; MANAGEMENT AB Questions Biodiversity is being lost rapidly due to anthropogenic changes in land use, climate, and other environmental conditions. In fire-maintained ecosystems, altered fire regimes accelerate native species loss - community disassembly - and promote recruitment of fire-sensitive species. In this study, we ask whether fire suppression results in changes over time in functional trait composition of ground-layer species and whether these changes differ in longleaf pine savannas invaded by hardwoods from those invaded by sand pines. Location Five Floridian locations on the southeastern coastal plain of the United States. Methods At each location we selected a fire-maintained and fire-suppressed savanna and measured percent plant cover by ground-story species in 1,000 m(2) plots. For 102 of these species, we measured 10 functional traits - height, growth form, specific leaf area, leaf dry matter content (LDMC), leaf water content, leaf ignition time, leaf mass consumed by fire, light compensation points (LCPs), non-structural carbohydrate concentrations in under-ground organs, and seed mass. Results Fire exclusion was associated with reductions in both functional diversity and species richness. We identified 38 species exclusive to frequently burned sites: these species showed high LDMC values, high LCPs, high leaf mass consumed, and low leaf ignition time values. Lack of fire was associated with loss of 6 of the 12 C-4 native grass species. Species and functional trait composition were affected by both time-since-fire and whether post-fire communities were invaded by broadleaved trees (Quercus spp. and Liquidambar styraciflua) or by sand pine (Pinus clausa). Conclusions We demonstrated the effects of altered disturbance regimes on savanna plant species and functional trait composition. This trait-based approach advanced our understanding of how altered disturbance regimes can alter plant communities. Although 38 shade-intolerant and flammable native savanna species were absent by 10 years since fire, 12 such species persisted even 40 years after fire exclusion. C1 [Diaz-Toribio, Milton H.; Putz, Francis E.] Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Carr, Susan] North Florida Land Trust, Jacksonville, FL USA. RP Diaz-Toribio, MH (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM miltonhugodiaz@gmail.com RI Diaz, Milton/Q-8969-2018 OI Diaz, Milton/0000-0003-1675-2699 FU Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y TecnologiaConsejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACyT) [212501] FX Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia, Grant/Award Number: 212501 NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1100-9233 EI 1654-1103 J9 J VEG SCI JI J. Veg. Sci. DI 10.1111/jvs.12843 EA JAN 2020 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA KG2XH UT WOS:000509805600001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Jamoneau, A Bourai, L Devreux, L Percaille, L Queau, A Bertrin, V AF Jamoneau, Aurelien Bourai, Liess Devreux, Lise Percaille, Louise Queau, Audrey Bertrin, Vincent TI Influence of historical landscape on aquatic plant diversity SO JOURNAL OF VEGETATION SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Early Access DE aquatic plants; chemical; diversity; history; isoetids; lake; land use; macrophytes; morphological; past; scale; species assemblages ID PAST LAND-USE; PRESENT-DAY FOREST; SPECIES RICHNESS; SPATIOTEMPORAL CHANGES; MACROPHYTE RICHNESS; WATER-QUALITY; LAKE FURE; BIODIVERSITY; ECOLOGY; DETERMINANTS AB Questions The historical composition of landscapes is recognized as an important factor for explaining plant diversity, because species assemblages are not only patterned by current ecological conditions, but also represent legacies of the past. Contrary to terrestrial ecosystems, the influence of history has rarely been considered for aquatic communities. Here, we examined the effect of past land use on aquatic plant communities of freshwater shallow lakes. We first aimed to identify the relevant scale for studying landscape effects on macrophyte communities and then to test the relative influence of environmental variables and past and recent land use on aquatic plant assemblages. Location Atlantic coastline, southwestern France. Methods We surveyed shoreline macrophyte communities of 17 lakes and used species accumulation curves to estimate taxonomic richness. We used water chemistry and lakes' morphological features as environmental variables and reconstructed land-use occupancies of lakes' watershed with aerial pictures of 1945, 1965, 1985 (past) and 2002 (recent). We examined landscape change with principal component analysis and taxonomic composition with non-metrical multidimensional scaling. We then evaluated the relative influence of morphological, chemical, past and recent land-use factors on taxonomic richness and composition with variation partitioning methods. Results We found that the studied landscapes exhibit a trend toward an increase of urban and arable fields areas at the expense of semi-natural ones. Water chemical composition and past land use of the whole watershed (particularly urban and semi-urban areas) were strongly inter-correlated, and explained the major part of the variation of taxonomic richness and composition. Conclusions These results underline the importance of historical factors in explaining aquatic plant diversity and suggest delayed responses of communities to anthropogenic pressures. Integrating historical factors in future analyses of aquatic ecosystems would thus greatly contribute to understanding ecological processes, and is crucial for the conservation and management of macrophyte communities. C1 [Jamoneau, Aurelien; Bourai, Liess; Devreux, Lise; Percaille, Louise; Queau, Audrey; Bertrin, Vincent] INRAE, UR EABX, Cestas, France. [Devreux, Lise] Univ Cote dAzur, ESPACE, UMR 7300, Nice, France. RP Jamoneau, A (reprint author), INRAE, EABX, 50 Ave Verdun, F-33612 Gazinet Cestas, France. EM aurelien.jamoneau@irstea.fr FU Agence de l'Eau Adour-Garonne [310 33 0143]; National Research Institute of Science and Technology for Environment and Agriculture (IRSTEA) FX This work was supported by the "Agence de l'Eau Adour-Garonne" (convention #310 33 0143) and by the National Research Institute of Science and Technology for Environment and Agriculture (IRSTEA). NR 83 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1100-9233 EI 1654-1103 J9 J VEG SCI JI J. Veg. Sci. DI 10.1111/jvs.12839 EA JAN 2020 PG 13 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA KG2WY UT WOS:000509804700001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Fichtner, A Hardtle, W Matthies, D Arnold, V Erfmeier, A Hemke, T Jansen, D Lutt, S Schmidt, M Sturm, K von Oheimb, G Ohse, B AF Fichtner, Andreas Haerdtle, Werner Matthies, Diethart Arnold, Volker Erfmeier, Alexandra Hemke, Tanja Jansen, Doris Luett, Since Schmidt, Marcus Sturm, Knut von Oheimb, Goddert Ohse, Bettina TI Safeguarding the rare woodland species Gagea spathacea: Understanding habitat requirements is not sufficient SO PLANT SPECIES BIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Early Access DE ash dieback; biodiversity; dispersal; habitat continuity; herbaceous layer ID VASCULAR PLANTS; ANCIENT WOODLAND; TEMPERATE FOREST; INDICATOR VALUES; NORTHERN GERMANY; HERBACEOUS LAYER; ASH DIEBACK; NITROGEN; LILIACEAE; CONTINUITY AB A large proportion of temperate forest plant diversity is found in the herb layer. However, for many of its species, little is known about their autecology, which makes it difficult to assess potential threats and efficiently safeguard the diversity of understorey herbaceous communities. This also applies to Gagea spathacea (Liliaceae), a globally rare spring geophyte, which mainly occurs in deciduous forests of northern Central Europe. We investigated the causal relationships between population characteristics of G. spathacea and abiotic site conditions across different forest communities in the center of its distributional range. Leaf length (a surrogate of the species' vegetative propagation) was positively related to soil moisture and soil nitrogen. Consequently, mean leaf length was highest in moist forest communities of the alliance Alno-Ulmion. Moreover, mean variability in leaf length was lowest in those forests, indicating a higher and more stable vegetative propagation via bulbils. We found no support for a significant relationship between leaf length and leaf density or between leaf length and flower formation. Population density varied strongly among forest sites, but was not related to soil moisture and hardly influenced by soil nitrogen. Our results suggest that soil water and nutrient supply play a vital role in determining the species' vegetative propagation, whereas the duration of habitat continuity is most likely an important determinant of population size and density. Conservation strategies therefore require a better understanding of the complex interrelationships between abiotic site conditions and the historical context-dependency of habitats. C1 [Fichtner, Andreas; Haerdtle, Werner; Ohse, Bettina] Leuphana Univ Luneburg, Inst Ecol, Dept Landscape Ecol & Nat Conservat, Univ Allee 1, D-21335 Luneburg, Germany. [Matthies, Diethart] Philipps Univ Marburg, Fac Biol, Dept Ecol, Marburg, Germany. [Arnold, Volker] Museum Archaeol & Ecol, Albersdorf, Germany. [Erfmeier, Alexandra] Univ Kiel, Inst Ecosyst Res Geobot, Kiel, Germany. [Erfmeier, Alexandra; von Oheimb, Goddert] German Ctr Integrat Biodivers Res iDiv, Leipzig, Germany. [Hemke, Tanja] Nat Conservat Fdn Kurt & Erika Schrobach Stiftung, Kiel, Germany. [Jansen, Doris] Jansen & Rickert, Neumunster, Germany. [Luett, Since] State Agcy Agr Environm & Rural Affairs, Dept Biodivers, Flintbek, Germany. [Schmidt, Marcus] Northwest German Forest Res Stn, Dept A Forest Growth, Sect Forest Conservat & Nat Forest Res, Gottingen, Germany. [Sturm, Knut] Community Forest Lubeck, Lubeck, Germany. [von Oheimb, Goddert] Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Gen Ecol & Environm Protect, Tharandt, Germany. RP Fichtner, A (reprint author), Leuphana Univ Luneburg, Inst Ecol, Dept Landscape Ecol & Nat Conservat, Univ Allee 1, D-21335 Luneburg, Germany. EM fichtner@leuphana.de FU Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (BfN); Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety (BMU); Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)Federal Ministry of Education & Research (BMBF) [01LC1312A] FX Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (BfN) with resources of the Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety (BMU), as well as by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF), Grant/Award Number: 01LC1312A NR 58 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0913-557X EI 1442-1984 J9 PLANT SPEC BIOL JI Plant Spec. Biol. DI 10.1111/1442-1984.12264 EA JAN 2020 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KG3WF UT WOS:000509872700001 OA Other Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Gislason, H Collie, J MacKenzie, BR Nielsen, A Borges, MD Bottari, T Chaves, C Dolgov, AV Dulcic, J Duplisea, D Fock, HO Gascuel, D de Sola, LG Hiddink, JG ter Hofstede, R Isajlovic, I Jonasson, JP Jorgensen, O Kristinsson, K Marteinsdottir, G Masski, H Matic-Skoko, S Payne, MR Peharda, M Reinert, J Solmundsson, J Silva, C Stefansdottir, L Velasco, F Vrgoc, N AF Gislason, Henrik Collie, Jeremy MacKenzie, Brian R. Nielsen, Anders Borges, Maria de Fatima Bottari, Teresa Chaves, Corina Dolgov, Andrey, V Dulcic, Jakov Duplisea, Daniel Fock, Heino O. Gascuel, Didier Gil de Sola, Luis Hiddink, Jan Geert ter Hofstede, Remment Isajlovic, Igor Jonasson, Jonas Pall Jorgensen, Ole Kristinsson, Kristjan Marteinsdottir, Gudrun Masski, Hicham Matic-Skoko, Sanja Payne, Mark R. Peharda, Melita Reinert, Jakup Solmundsson, Jon Silva, Cristina Stefansdottir, Lilja Velasco, Francisco Vrgoc, Nedo TI Species richness in North Atlantic fish: Process concealed by pattern SO GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND BIOGEOGRAPHY LA English DT Article; Early Access DE abundance; biodiversity; density; marine fish; species size; temperature ID BODY-SIZE; METABOLIC THEORY; GLOBAL PATTERNS; BIODIVERSITY; DIVERSITY; DISTRIBUTIONS; MODEL; CATCHABILITY; COMMUNITIES; TEMPERATURE AB Aim Previous analyses of marine fish species richness based on presence-absence data have shown changes with latitude and average species size, but little is known about the underlying processes. To elucidate these processes we use metabolic, neutral and descriptive statistical models to analyse how richness responds to maximum species length, fish abundance, temperature, primary production, depth, latitude and longitude, while accounting for differences in species catchability, sampling effort and mesh size. Data Results from 53,382 bottom trawl hauls representing 50 fish assemblages. Location The northern Atlantic from Nova Scotia to Guinea. Time period 1977-2013. Methods A descriptive generalized additive model was used to identify functional relationships between species richness and potential drivers, after which nonlinear estimation techniques were used to parameterize: (a) a 'best' fitting model of species richness built on the functional relationships, (b) an environmental model based on latitude, longitude and depth, and mechanistic models based on (c) metabolic and (d) neutral theory. Results In the 'best' model the number of species observed is a lognormal function of maximum species length. It increases significantly with temperature, primary production, sampling effort, and abundance, and declines with depth and, for small species, with the mesh size in the trawl. The 'best' model explains close to 90% of the deviance and the neutral, metabolic and environmental models 89%. In all four models, maximum species length and either temperature or latitude account for more than half of the deviance explained. Main conclusions The two mechanistic models explain the patterns in demersal fish species richness in the northern Atlantic almost equally well. A better understanding of the underlying drivers is likely to require development of dynamic mechanistic models of richness and size evolution, fit not only to extant distributions, but also to historical environmental conditions and to past speciation and extinction rates. C1 [Gislason, Henrik; MacKenzie, Brian R.; Nielsen, Anders; Jorgensen, Ole; Payne, Mark R.] Tech Univ Denmark, DTU Aqua, Bldg 202, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. [Collie, Jeremy] Univ Rhode Isl, Grad Sch Oceanog, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [Borges, Maria de Fatima; Chaves, Corina; Silva, Cristina] IPMA, Lisbon, Portugal. [Bottari, Teresa] CNR, Inst Biol Resources & Marine Biotechnol IRBIM, CNR, Sect Messina, Messina, Italy. [Bottari, Teresa] Ctr Interdipartimentale Sicilia, Staz Zool Anton Dohrn, Messina, Italy. [Dolgov, Andrey, V] PINRO, Polar Branch Russian Fed Res, Inst Fisheries & Oceanog, Murmansk, Russia. [Dolgov, Andrey, V] Murmansk State Tech Univ, Dept Biol & Aquat Biol Resources, Murmansk, Russia. [Dolgov, Andrey, V] Tomsk State Univ, Lab Engn Surveys & Environm Management, Tomsk, Russia. [Dulcic, Jakov; Isajlovic, Igor; Matic-Skoko, Sanja; Peharda, Melita; Vrgoc, Nedo] Inst Oceanog & Fisheries, Split, Croatia. [Duplisea, Daniel] Inst Maurice Lamontagne, Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Quebec City, PQ, Canada. [Fock, Heino O.] Thuenen Inst Sea Fisheries, Bremerhaven, Germany. [Gascuel, Didier] Univ Europeenne Bretagne, Agrocampus Ouest, Rennes, France. [Gil de Sola, Luis] Inst Espanol Oceanog, Malaga, Spain. [Hiddink, Jan Geert] Bangor Univ, Sch Ocean Sci, Menai Bridge, Gwynedd, Wales. [ter Hofstede, Remment] Van Oord Dredging & Marine Contractors, Rotterdam, Netherlands. [Jonasson, Jonas Pall; Kristinsson, Kristjan; Solmundsson, Jon] Marine & Freshwater Res Inst, Reykjavik, Iceland. [Marteinsdottir, Gudrun] Univ Iceland, Inst Life & Environm Sci, Reykjavik, Iceland. [Masski, Hicham; Stefansdottir, Lilja] Inst Natl Rech Halieut, Casablanca, Morocco. [Reinert, Jakup] Faroe Marine Res Inst, Torshavn, Faroe Islands, Denmark. [Velasco, Francisco] Inst Espanol Oceanog, Santander, Spain. RP Gislason, H (reprint author), Tech Univ Denmark, DTU Aqua, Bldg 202, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. EM hg@aqua.dtu.dk RI Gislason, Henrik/C-1357-2008 OI Gislason, Henrik/0000-0003-0242-3333 FU EU Network of Excellence MarBef [GOCE-CT-2003-505446]; EU FP7-KBBE VECTORS [266445] FX EU Network of Excellence MarBef, Grant/Award Number: GOCE-CT-2003-505446; EU FP7-KBBE VECTORS, Grant/Award Number: 266445 NR 67 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1466-822X EI 1466-8238 J9 GLOBAL ECOL BIOGEOGR JI Glob. Ecol. Biogeogr. DI 10.1111/geb.13068 EA JAN 2020 PG 15 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography GA KG3RR UT WOS:000509860100001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Dullinger, I Gattringer, A Wessely, J Moser, D Plutzar, C Willner, W Egger, C Gaube, V Haberl, H Mayer, A Bohner, A Gilli, C Pascher, K Essl, F Dullinger, S AF Dullinger, Iwona Gattringer, Andreas Wessely, Johannes Moser, Dietmar Plutzar, Christoph Willner, Wolfgang Egger, Claudine Gaube, Veronika Haberl, Helmut Mayer, Andreas Bohner, Andreas Gilli, Christian Pascher, Kathrin Essl, Franz Dullinger, Stefan TI A socio-ecological model for predicting impacts of land-use and climate change on regional plant diversity in the Austrian Alps SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Early Access DE agent-based model; biodiversity; climate change; Europe; global change; land-use change; plant diversity; plant species distribution; species distribution model ID SPECIES DISTRIBUTION MODELS; USE CHANGE SCENARIOS; DECISION-MAKING; EXTINCTION DEBT; GLOBAL CHANGE; BIODIVERSITY; FUTURE; CONSERVATION; RANGE; COVER AB Climate and land-use change jointly affect the future of biodiversity. Yet, biodiversity scenarios have so far concentrated on climatic effects because forecasts of land use are rarely available at appropriate spatial and thematic scales. Agent-based models (ABMs) represent a potentially powerful but little explored tool for establishing thematically and spatially fine-grained land-use scenarios. Here, we use an ABM parameterized for 1,329 agents, mostly farmers, in a Central European model region, and simulate the changes to land-use patterns resulting from their response to three scenarios of changing socio-economic conditions and three scenarios of climate change until the mid of the century. Subsequently, we use species distribution models to, first, analyse relationships between the realized niches of 832 plant species and climatic gradients or land-use types, respectively, and, second, to project consequent changes in potential regional ranges of these species as triggered by changes in both the altered land-use patterns and the changing climate. We find that both drivers determine the realized niches of the studied plants, with land use having a stronger effect than any single climatic variable in the model. Nevertheless, the plants' future distributions appear much more responsive to climate than to land-use changes because alternative future socio-economic backgrounds have only modest impact on land-use decisions in the model region. However, relative effects of climate and land-use changes on biodiversity may differ drastically in other regions, especially where landscapes are still dominated by natural or semi-natural habitat. We conclude that agent-based modelling of land use is able to provide scenarios at scales relevant to individual species distribution and suggest that coupling ABMs with models of species' range change should be intensified to provide more realistic biodiversity forecasts. C1 [Dullinger, Iwona; Gattringer, Andreas; Wessely, Johannes; Moser, Dietmar; Plutzar, Christoph; Willner, Wolfgang; Essl, Franz; Dullinger, Stefan] Univ Vienna, Dept Bot & Biodivers Res, Div Conservat Biol Vegetat & Landscape Ecol, Rennweg 14, A-1030 Vienna, Austria. [Plutzar, Christoph; Egger, Claudine; Gaube, Veronika; Haberl, Helmut; Mayer, Andreas] Univ Nat Resources & Life Sci, Dept Econ & Social Sci, Inst Social Ecol, Vienna, Austria. [Bohner, Andreas] Agr Res & Educ Ctr Raumberg Gumpenstein, Irdning Donnersbachtal, Austria. [Gilli, Christian] Univ Vienna, Dept Bot & Biodivers Res, Div Systemat & Evolutionary Bot, Vienna, Austria. [Pascher, Kathrin] Univ Nat Resources & Life Sci, Inst Zool, Dept Integrat Biol & Biodivers Res, Vienna, Austria. RP Dullinger, I (reprint author), Univ Vienna, Dept Bot & Biodivers Res, Div Conservat Biol Vegetat & Landscape Ecol, Rennweg 14, A-1030 Vienna, Austria. EM iwona.dullinger@univie.ac.at OI Mayer, Andreas/0000-0002-6975-7082; Dullinger, Iwona/0000-0002-2692-2973 FU Austrian Academy of Sciences FX Austrian Academy of Sciences NR 122 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1354-1013 EI 1365-2486 J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. DI 10.1111/gcb.14977 EA JAN 2020 PG 17 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KG2FJ UT WOS:000509756400001 PM 31994267 OA Other Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Lazaridou, D Michailidis, A AF Lazaridou, D. Michailidis, A. TI Valuing users' willingness to pay for improved water quality in the context of the water framework directive SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND WORLD ECOLOGY LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Willingness to pay; Economic valuation; Irrigation water pricing; Water Framework Directive; Zero responses ID CONTINGENT VALUATION EXPERIMENTS; NONMARKET BENEFITS; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; WELFARE EVALUATIONS; ECONOMIC VALUATION; PUBLIC PREFERENCES; CHOICE EXPERIMENTS; CONSERVATION; BIODIVERSITY; RIVER AB The Water Framework Directive (WFD) explicitly acknowledges the role of economics in the process of achieving the water quality targets it sets. At the same time, stakeholder participation in water resources management is emphasized in the Directive. In this paper, we examine farmers' willingness-to-pay (WTP) for ecological status improvement at a river basin scale. Based on a Contingent Valuation survey aims first to estimate the value farmers place on water quality improvement as it is envisaged by the WFD. Then through the use of different econometric models it was attempted to address zero responses and to find a robust estimate for the mean WTP. In a sample of more than 300 respondents, we found that 64.57% of them expressed zero responses. Further findings indicate that the mean values irrigators are willing to pay, for reaching the water quality targets set by the Directive, range between 11.5euro/ha and 22.0euro/ha (on an annual basis). Through the present research, farmers' willingness-to-pay for improvements in water quality directly investigated for the first time in Greece. Therefore, the results are provided can be useful for central decision makers. C1 [Lazaridou, D.] Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Fac Forestry & Nat Environm, Lab Forest Econ, Thessaloniki, Greece. [Michailidis, A.] Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Fac Agr, Lab Agr Extens & Rural Sociol, Thessaloniki, Greece. RP Lazaridou, D (reprint author), Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Fac Forestry & Nat Environm, Lab Forest Econ, Thessaloniki, Greece. EM dimitral@for.auth.gr NR 83 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1350-4509 EI 1745-2627 J9 INT J SUST DEV WORLD JI Int. J. Sustain. Dev. World Ecol. DI 10.1080/13504509.2020.1719545 EA JAN 2020 PG 11 WC Green & Sustainable Science & Technology; Ecology SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KF7YT UT WOS:000509455200001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Quah, ESH Grismer, LL Lim, KKP Anuar, MSS Chan, KO AF Quah, Evan S. H. Grismer, L. Lee Lim, Kelvin K. P. Anuar, M. S. Shahrul Chan, Kin Onn TI A taxonomic revision of Asthenodipsas malaccana Peters, 1864 (Squamata: Pareidae) with a description of a new species from Borneo SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE Pareas; Sundaland; slug snake; systematics; discovery; reptile; conservation; endemic biodiversity; Malaysia; Indonesia ID PENINSULAR MALAYSIA; PAREAS SERPENTES; GENUS; COLUBRIDAE; PAREATIDAE; SCINCIDAE; CYRTODACTYLUS; RESURRECTION; SYSTEMATICS; GEKKONIDAE AB A reappraisal of the taxonomic status of the Dark-necked Slug Snake (Asthenodipsas malaccana Peters, 1864) across its range revealed that populations from Borneo are not conspecific with true A. malaccana from the Thai-Malay Peninsula and Sumatra, and is therefore described herein as new. Asthenodipsas borneensis sp. nov. can be distinguished from A. malaccana and other congeners by the absence of a preocular and suboculars, seven or eight supralabials with 3rd and 4th in contact with orbit, 4-7 infralabials with 2nd or 3rd pair in contact, two pairs of posterior inframaxillaries, 15/15/15 rows of dorsal scales, presence of sharp vertebral keel, divided subcaudals, maximum recorded SVL=441 mm, 166-179 ventrals, 35-48 subcaudals, head white to greyish brown and dorsum beige to orange-brown with a conspicuous darkbrown or black patch on the neck followed by multiple, narrow, vertical, dark bands along the rest of the body and tail. This discovery adds to a growing number of new slug snake species recently described from Southeast Asia and highlights the underestimated diversity in this family, especially in Borneo. Taxonomic revisions of the reptiles and amphibians of Borneo are still needed before the true diversity of the island and the relationships of the various taxa can be fully understood. C1 [Quah, Evan S. H.] Univ Malaysia Terengganu, Inst Trop Biodivers & Sustainable Dev, Terengganu 21030, Malaysia. [Quah, Evan S. H.; Grismer, L. Lee] La Sierra Univ, Dept Biol, Herpetol Lab, Riverside, CA 92505 USA. [Lim, Kelvin K. P.; Chan, Kin Onn] Natl Univ Singapore, Lee Kong Chian Nat Hist Museum, 2 Conservatory Dr, Singapore 117377, Singapore. [Anuar, M. S. Shahrul] Univ Sains Malaysia, Sch Biol Sci, Minden 11800, Penang, Malaysia. [Anuar, M. S. Shahrul] Univ Sains Malaysia, sCtr Marine & Coastal Studies, George Town 11800, Malaysia. RP Quah, ESH (reprint author), Univ Malaysia Terengganu, Inst Trop Biodivers & Sustainable Dev, Terengganu 21030, Malaysia.; Quah, ESH (reprint author), La Sierra Univ, Dept Biol, Herpetol Lab, Riverside, CA 92505 USA. EM evanquah@vahoo.com; lgrismer@lasierra.edu; kelvinlim@nus.edu.sg; sanuar@usm.my; chankinonn@gmail.com FU LKCNHM Fellowship Scheme; Fulbright program; Malaysian-American Commission on Educational Exchange (MACEE); Institute of International Education (IIE); college of Arts and Sciences at La Sierra University FX We thank the Department of Wildlife and National Parks, Peninsular Malaysia for issuing a research permit (P00074-15-18). We are also indebted to Alan Resetar and Joshua Mata of FMNH, Jose Rosado of MCZ, and Paul Y. Imbun, Rimi Repin and Fred Tuh Yit Yu of Sabah Parks for loaning material and granting us permission to examine specimens in their collection. We are also grateful to Chien C. Lee, Jaroslav Karhanek, Zhou Hang, Anton Sorokin, Parinya Pawangkhanant, Mediyansyah and Raul Leon who contributed photographs and Low Tek Joo who assisted in taking some measurements. Museum work by ESHQ at the LKCNHM was partially funded by the LKCNHM Fellowship Scheme. He would also like to thank the Fulbright program, the Malaysian-American Commission on Educational Exchange (MACEE) and the Institute of International Education (IIE) for funding and the opportunity to complete this research project at La Sierra University, Riverside, California. L. Lee Grismer was partly funded the college of Arts and Sciences at La Sierra University. Finally, we would also like to thank Ulrich Manthey, Truong Nguyen and another anonymous reviewer for reviewing the manuscript and providing us with valuable comments that improved its quality. NR 75 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD JAN 28 PY 2020 VL 4729 IS 1 BP 1 EP 24 DI 10.11646/zootaxa.4729.1.1 PG 24 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA KH2QE UT WOS:000510491600001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Grenier, M Ruiz, C Lage, A Perez, T AF Grenier, Marie Ruiz, Cesar Lage, Anaira Perez, Thierry TI New cave-dwelling Plakina (Plakinidae, Homoscleromorpha, Porifera) from Martinique Island (French Antilles) SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE sponges; integrative taxonomy; Plakinidae; La Martinique; submarine cave ID SPONGE; DEMOSPONGIAE; PHYLOGENIES; GENUS AB Knowledge of homoscleromorph sponge biodiversity has greatly improved during the last decade thanks to the increasing use of integrative taxonomy and extensive exploration of remote ecosystems. Indeed, recently described species have mostly been small sponges living in dark and near-impenetrable habitats. This work integrates morphological, cytological, ecological and molecular data to describe a new species belonging to the Plakina genus. Plakina doudou sp. nov. was found first during close inspection of photographs taken previously in a submarine cave on Martinique Island, where several new species had already been revealed. The new species lives in syntopy with P. arletensis. It is thinly encrusting, whitish in vivo, and its skeleton harbors a unique composition of diods, triods, monolophose triods and monolophose, dilophose and trilophose calthrops. Sequencing of a portion of the mitochondrial gene cox-1 indicates that the new species belongs to a well-supported Glade containing the Mediterranean P. clypta and P trilopha. However, at the time of publication of this work. we have not yet managed to identify synapomorphies that would support the different clades of Plakina. This genus includes a total of 39 species to date, of which 10 have been recorded in the Western Tropical Atlantic, and 4 in Caribbean submarine caves. C1 [Grenier, Marie; Ruiz, Cesar; Lage, Anaira; Perez, Thierry] Aix Marseille Univ, Inst Mediterraneen Biodiversite Ecol Marine & Con, IRD, UMR 7263,CNRS,Avignon Univ,Stn Marine Endoume, Chemin Batterie Lions, F-13007 Marseille, France. [Lage, Anaira] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Dept Invertebrados, Museu Nacl, Quinta Boa Vista S-No, BR-20940040 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. RP Perez, T (reprint author), Aix Marseille Univ, Inst Mediterraneen Biodiversite Ecol Marine & Con, IRD, UMR 7263,CNRS,Avignon Univ,Stn Marine Endoume, Chemin Batterie Lions, F-13007 Marseille, France. EM thierry.perez@imbe.fr FU CNRSCentre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) FX This work was performed in the framework of the French-Brazilian Associated International Laboratory "LIA MARRIO" funded by the CNRS. We are grateful to Sandrine Chenesseau for her help with the preparation of semithin and ultra-thin sections, and to Alexandre Altie for his help at the Electronic Microscope service in Aix-Marseille University. The first records were obtained from underwater pictures taken during the PACOTILLES cruise. Then, the sampling was made possible thanks to "Abyss Plongee" and our great friend "Filipo". Finally, we would like to thank Nicole Boury-Esnault and Jean Vacelet for the great source of inspiration they represent, and for their ever positive criticism regarding our work. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD JAN 28 PY 2020 VL 4729 IS 1 BP 92 EP 104 DI 10.11646/zootaxa.4729.1.6 PG 13 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA KH2QE UT WOS:000510491600006 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU daSilva, IIFG Lima, CAD Monteiro, MLA Barboza, DASP Rushansky, E Mariano, MHQD Sandrin-Garcia, P de Souza, PRE Maia, MDD AF Fonseca Gomes daSilva, Isaura Isabelle Dantas Lima, Camilla Albertina Andrade Monteiro, Maria Larissa Silva Pimentel Barboza, Daniella Alves Rushansky, Eliezer Queiroz de Araujo Mariano, Maria Helena Sandrin-Garcia, Paula Roberto Eleuterio de Souza, Paulo Diniz Maia, Maria de Mascena TI IL1 beta, IL18, NFKB1 and IFNG gene interactions are associated with severity of rheumatoid arthritis: A pilot study SO AUTOIMMUNITY LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Combined effect; polymorphism; rheumatoid arthritis; SNP; gene interaction ID GAMMA GENE; POLYMORPHISMS; DISEASE; INTERLEUKIN-18; EXPRESSION; CYTOKINES; PROMOTER; MARKER; RISK AB Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease which can lead to progressive and functional disability. Literature data suggest that some inflammatory proteins are dysregulated in RA patients and its genetic polymorphisms may contribute to the aetiology and pathogenesis of disease in different ethnic groups. Polymorphisms in IL1 beta, IL18, NFKB1 and IFNG genes were studied in different populations with RA, but the analysis indicated contradictory results. Thereby, we hypothesised that polymorphisms in these genes could have a combined effect on susceptibility to and severity of disease. We evaluated the +3953 C/T IL1 beta (rs1143634), -137 G/C IL18 (rs187238), -94 ins/del ATTG NFKB1 (rs28362491) and +874 T/A IFNG (rs2430561) polymorphisms in the northeastern Brazilian population. Peripheral blood samples were collected and DNA extraction was conducted. The polymorphisms were evaluated by RFLP and ARMS-PCR. An association was observed in rs1143634 which showed a protective effect against development of RA in carriers of the T allele (OR = 0.58; 95% CI 0.36-0.92; p = .020). In addition, we found an association among genotypes of the rs1143634 with the HAQ index (p = .021) and rs2430561 with DAS28 (p = .029) and CDAI (p = .029). In relation to combined effects of these SNPs (C/C to rs1143634, G/G to rs187238, I/I to rs28362491 and AA to rs2430561) we found a significant association with decreased functional disability (HAQ index p < .001) and ESR (p = .034), indicating a lower disease activity in carriers of these genotypes. GLM analysis confirmed these associations (HAQ (F = 5.497; p < .001) and ESR (F = 2.727; p = .032)). Our analysis indicated that in the studied population +3953 C/T IL-1 beta (rs1143634), -137 G/C IL-18 (rs187238), -94 ins/del ATTG NFKB1 (rs28362491) and +874 T/A IFNG (rs2430561) polymorphisms can together contribute to RA severity although they do not individually influence the disease. C1 [Fonseca Gomes daSilva, Isaura Isabelle; Sandrin-Garcia, Paula] Univ Fed Pernambuco, Dept Genet, Recife, PE, Brazil. [Fonseca Gomes daSilva, Isaura Isabelle; Dantas Lima, Camilla Albertina; Sandrin-Garcia, Paula] Lab Immunopathol Keizo Asami, Recife, PE, Brazil. [Dantas Lima, Camilla Albertina] Univ Fed Pernambuco, Dept Oceanog, Recife, PE, Brazil. [Andrade Monteiro, Maria Larissa; Silva Pimentel Barboza, Daniella Alves; Roberto Eleuterio de Souza, Paulo; Diniz Maia, Maria de Mascena] Univ Fed Rural Pernambuco, Dept Biol, Recife, PE, Brazil. [Rushansky, Eliezer; Queiroz de Araujo Mariano, Maria Helena] Univ Pernambuco, Div Clin Rheumatol, Recife, PE, Brazil. RP daSilva, IIFG (reprint author), Univ Fed Pernambuco, Dept Genet, Recife, PE, Brazil.; daSilva, IIFG (reprint author), Rua Prof Moraes Rego,1235,Cidade Univ, BR-50670901 Recife, PE, Brazil. EM asauragomes@gmail.com FU Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES)CAPES; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnol~ogico (CNPq)National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) FX This work was supported by the Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES) and the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnol~ogico (CNPq). NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0891-6934 EI 1607-842X J9 AUTOIMMUNITY JI Autoimmunity DI 10.1080/08916934.2019.1710831 EA JAN 2020 PG 7 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA KI9AQ UT WOS:000511649500001 PM 31992083 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Barnhart, K Bletz, MC Labumbard, B Tokash-Peters, A Gabor, C Woodhams, DC AF Barnhart, K. Bletz, M. C. Labumbard, B. Tokash-Peters, A. Gabor, C. Woodhams, D. C. TI Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans elicits acute stress response in spotted salamanders but not infection or mortality SO ANIMAL CONSERVATION LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Ambystoma maculatum; corticosterone; chytridiomycosis; disease resistance; Notophthalmus viridescens; Salamandra salamandra; susceptibility; thyroid ID ANTIMICROBIAL PEPTIDE DEFENSES; IMMUNE DEFENSES; AMPHIBIAN CHYTRIDIOMYCOSIS; RANA-PIPIENS; DENDROBATIDIS; FROG; SKIN; ALKALOIDS; PATHOGEN; DISEASE AB The emerging fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans (Bsal) is a major threat to amphibian species worldwide with potential to infect many species if it invades salamander biodiversity hotspots in the Americas. Bsal can cause the disease chytridiomycosis, and it is important to assess the risk of Bsal-induced chytridiomycosis to species in North America. We evaluated the susceptibility to Bsal of the common and widespread spotted salamander, Ambystoma maculatum, across life-history stages and monitored the effect of Bsal exposure on growth rate and response of the stress hormone, corticosterone. We conclude that spotted salamanders appear resistant to Bsal because they showed no indication of disease or infection, and experienced minor effects on growth upon exposure. While we focused on a single population for this study, results were consistent across conditions of exposure including high or repeated doses of Bsal, life-stage at exposure, environmental conditions including two temperatures and two substrates, and promoting pathogen infectivity by conditioning Bsal cultures with thyroid hormone. Exposure to high levels of Bsal elicited an acute but not chronic increase in corticosterone in spotted salamanders, and reduced growth. We hypothesize that the early acute increase in corticosterone facilitated mounting an immune response to the pathogen, perhaps through immunoredistribution to the skin, but further study is needed to determine immune responses to Bsal. These results will contribute to development of appropriate Bsal management plans to conserve species at risk of emerging disease. C1 [Barnhart, K.; Bletz, M. C.; Labumbard, B.; Tokash-Peters, A.; Woodhams, D. C.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Biol, 100 William T Morrissey Blvd, Boston, MA 02125 USA. [Gabor, C.] Texas State Univ, Dept Biol, San Marcos, TX USA. RP Woodhams, DC (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Biol, 100 William T Morrissey Blvd, Boston, MA 02125 USA. EM dwoodhams@gmail.com RI Woodhams, Douglas/B-1962-2012 OI Woodhams, Douglas/0000-0003-4559-1046 FU National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of HealthUnited States Department of Health & Human ServicesNational Institutes of Health (NIH) - USANIH National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS) [R25GM076321]; BAND foundation; Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies; Wildlife Without Borders-Amphibians in Decline program [F15AP00968]; UMass Boston Biology Department; National Science FoundationNational Science Foundation (NSF) [DGE 1249946]; Integrative Graduate Education and Research Traineeship (IGERT): Coasts and Communities -Natural and Human Systems in Urbanizing Environments FX The authors thank the Bsal Task Force, and Alberto Campos, Fanghemei Zhang (Jessica), Kathleen Conroy, Diego Aparicio, Jo-Hanna Azzara, Terence Cook, Sendy Lamour, Vivian Le, Andrea Lu, Modi Maitri, Jessie Ngandjui, Bryan Peguero, Natan Pirete, Kiloni Quiles-Franco, Rayshawn Reece, Marina Teixeira, and Steven Tran for their technical assistance, and Michel Ohmer for statistical consulting. Research reported in this publication was supported by National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number R25GM076321. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. Funding was also provided in part by the BAND foundation and Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies, The Wildlife Without Borders-Amphibians in Decline program (F15AP00968 to DCW), the Nancy Goranson Endowment Fund, the UMass Boston Biology Department, the National Science Foundation grant DGE 1249946, Integrative Graduate Education and Research Traineeship (IGERT): Coasts and Communities -Natural and Human Systems in Urbanizing Environments, and the University of Massachusetts Sanofi-Genzyme Doctoral Fellowship. NR 94 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1367-9430 EI 1469-1795 J9 ANIM CONSERV JI Anim. Conserv. DI 10.1111/acv.12565 EA JAN 2020 PG 14 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KG1OY UT WOS:000509712000001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Marrotte, RR Bowman, J Wilson, PJ AF Marrotte, Robby R. Bowman, Jeff Wilson, Paul J. TI Climate connectivity of the bobcat in the Great Lakes region SO ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Bobcat; functional connectivity; gene flow; Great Lakes region; landscape genetics; Lynx rufus; range expansion ID GENE FLOW; RANGE SHIFTS; CANADA LYNX; HABITAT FRAGMENTATION; LANDSCAPE FEATURES; POPULATION; DISPERSAL; RESPONSES; MOVEMENT; DIFFERENTIATION AB The Great Lakes and the St. Lawrence River are imposing barriers for wildlife, and the additive effect of urban and agricultural development that dominates the lower Great Lakes region likely further reduces functional connectivity for many terrestrial species. As the climate warms, species will need to track climate across these barriers. It is important therefore to investigate land cover and bioclimatic hypotheses that may explain the northward expansion of species through the Great Lakes. We investigated the functional connectivity of a vagile generalist, the bobcat, as a representative generalist forest species common to the region. We genotyped tissue samples collected across the region at 14 microsatellite loci and compared different landscape hypotheses that might explain the observed gene flow or functional connectivity. We found that the Great Lakes and the additive influence of forest stands with either low or high canopy cover and deep lake-effect snow have disrupted gene flow, whereas intermediate forest cover has facilitated gene flow. Functional connectivity in southern Ontario is relatively low and was limited in part by the low amount of forest cover. Pathways across the Great Lakes were through the Niagara region and through the Lower Peninsula of Michigan over the Straits of Mackinac and the St. Marys River. These pathways are important routes for bobcat range expansion north of the Great Lakes and are also likely pathways that many other mobile habitat generalists must navigate to track the changing climate. The extent to which species can navigate these routes will be important for determining the future biodiversity of areas north of the Great Lakes. C1 [Marrotte, Robby R.; Bowman, Jeff] Trent Univ, Environm & Life Sci Grad Program, 1600 East Bank Dr, Peterborough, ON K9L 0G2, Canada. [Bowman, Jeff] Ontario Minist Nat Resources & Forestry, Wildlife Res & Monitoring Sect, Peterborough, ON, Canada. [Wilson, Paul J.] Trent Univ, Biol Dept, Peterborough, ON, Canada. RP Marrotte, RR (reprint author), Trent Univ, Environm & Life Sci Grad Program, 1600 East Bank Dr, Peterborough, ON K9L 0G2, Canada. EM robbymarrotte@trentu.ca RI Bowman, Jeff/B-4147-2009 OI Bowman, Jeff/0000-0002-1892-4469 FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of CanadaNatural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada FX Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada NR 95 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2045-7758 J9 ECOL EVOL JI Ecol. Evol. DI 10.1002/ece3.6049 EA JAN 2020 PG 14 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA KG0VU UT WOS:000509660100001 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Brevik, TB Laake, P Bjorkly, S AF Brevik, Thea Beate Laake, Petter Bjorkly, Stal TI Effect of culturally tailored education on attendance at mammography and the Papanicolaou test SO HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Early Access DE ethnic groups; health education; mammography; meta-analysis; Papanicolaou test ID CANCER SCREENING INTERVENTIONS; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; CERVICAL-CANCER; IMMIGRANT WOMEN; INCREASE BREAST; US LATINAS; BARRIERS; RATES; PARTICIPATION; METAANALYSES AB Objectives To determine the effectiveness of culturally tailored education on attendance at breast and cervical cancer screening among ethnic minority women. Data Sources Systematic database searches in Ovid MEDLINE, ProQuest, PubMed, PsycINFO, and Cochrane CENTRAL. Study Design Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of culturally tailored educational interventions to ethnic minority women in Western countries were investigated for a meta-analysis. RCTs that assessed attendance at mammography or the Papanicolaou test (Pap test) were eligible for inclusion. Data Collection Methods Study characteristics and results were extracted separately. Independent raters assessed risk of bias by using Cochrane Collaboration's tool. Principal Findings Seven RCTs (n = 4246) were included in the meta-analysis of mammography attendance, and four RCTs (n = 1750) were included in the meta-analysis of Pap test attendance. The effect of culturally tailored educational interventions on attendance at mammography was an increase of 18 percent (RR = 1.18, 95% CI, 1.09-1.28, P < .001), with low heterogeneity (I-2 = 30.0, P = .237), and a 54 percent increase at the Pap test (RR = 1.54, 95% CI, 1.14-2.09, P = .005), with substantial heterogeneity (I-2 = 75.9%, P = .001). Conclusions Interpreted within the limitations set by the low number of studies and substantial heterogeneity for the Pap test, findings from the current meta-analyses indicate that culturally tailored educational interventions may increase attendance of ethnic minority women at breast and cervical cancer screenings. There is a need for more studies, in particular RCTs conducted outside the United States, to determine if such findings are similar in other countries. C1 [Brevik, Thea Beate; Laake, Petter; Bjorkly, Stal] Molde Univ Coll, Fac Hlth Sci & Social Care, Molde, Norway. [Brevik, Thea Beate] More & Romsdal Hosp Trust, Molde Hosp, Surg Clin, Molde, Norway. [Laake, Petter] Univ Oslo, Dept Biostat, Oslo Ctr Stat & Epidemiol, Oslo, Norway. [Bjorkly, Stal] Oslo Univ Hosp, Ctr Forens Res, Oslo, Norway. RP Brevik, TB (reprint author), Britvegen 2, N-6411 Molde, Norway. EM thea-beate@hotmail.com FU More and Romsdal Hospital Trust FX This work was supported by the More and Romsdal Hospital Trust. NR 61 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0017-9124 EI 1475-6773 J9 HEALTH SERV RES JI Health Serv. Res. DI 10.1111/1475-6773.13271 EA JAN 2020 PG 12 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA KG1TR UT WOS:000509724300001 PM 31994187 OA Other Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Li, C Wang, JJ Chen, JQ Schneider, K Veettil, RK Elmer, KR Zhao, J AF Li, Chao Wang, Junjie Chen, Jiaqi Schneider, Kevin Veettil, Radhakrishnan K. Elmer, Kathryn R. Zhao, Jun TI Native bighead carp Hypophthalmichthys nobilis and silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix populations in the Pearl River are threatened by Yangtze River introductions as revealed by mitochondrial DNA SO JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Early Access DE bighead carp; domestic introduction; genetic diversity; the Pearl River; silver carp; stock enhancement ID GENETIC DIVERSITY; BROWN TROUT; INVASION; GROWTH AB Bighead carp Hypophthalmichthys nobilis and silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix have been two economically important aquaculture species in China for centuries. In the past decades, bighead and silver carp have been introduced from the Yangtze River to many river systems in China, including the Pearl River, in annual, large-scale, stocking activities to enhance wild fisheries. Nonetheless, few studies have assessed the ecological or genetic impacts of such introductions on native conspecific fish populations. An mtDNA D-loop segment of 978 bp from 213 bighead carp samples from 9 populations and a 975 bp segment from 204 silver carp samples from 10 populations were obtained to evaluate genetic diversity and population integrity. Results from a haplotype network analysis revealed that most haplotypes of the Pearl River clustered with those of Yangtze River origin and only a small proportion were distinct, suggesting that both the native Pearl River bighead and silver carp populations are currently dominated by genetic material from the Yangtze River. The genetic diversity of Pearl River populations is high in both species because of this inter-population gene flow, but the diversity of native Pearl River populations is low. To preserve the native genetic diversity, stocking of non-native fingerlings should cease immediately and native Pearl River bighead and silver carp fish farms should be established. This research demonstrates the danger to native biodiversity across China because of the substantial, ongoing stock-enhancement activities without prior genetic assessment. C1 [Li, Chao; Wang, Junjie; Chen, Jiaqi; Zhao, Jun] South China Normal Univ, Guangzhou Key Lab Subtrop Biodivers & Biomonitori, Guangdong Prov Key Lab Hlth & Safe Aquaculture, Guangdong Prov Engn Technol Res Ctr Environm,Sch, Guangzhou 510631, Peoples R China. [Li, Chao; Schneider, Kevin; Elmer, Kathryn R.] Univ Glasgow, Coll Med Vet & Life Sci, Inst Biodivers Anim Hlth & Comparat Med, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland. [Veettil, Radhakrishnan K.] Cent Agr Univ, Coll Fisheries, Agartala, India. RP Zhao, J (reprint author), South China Normal Univ, Guangzhou Key Lab Subtrop Biodivers & Biomonitori, Guangdong Prov Key Lab Hlth & Safe Aquaculture, Guangdong Prov Engn Technol Res Ctr Environm,Sch, Guangzhou 510631, Peoples R China. EM zhaojun@scnu.edu.cn FU China-ASEAN Maritime Cooperation Fund [CAMC-2018F]; Guangdong Provincial Government [2018010162]; Key Project of National Science, Technology Basic Conditions Platform Work [2005DKA21402]; SouthChina Normal University; Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest [201303048]; China Scholarship CouncilChina Scholarship Council [201906750010]; South China Normal University FX China-ASEAN Maritime Cooperation Fund, Grant/Award Number: CAMC-2018F; Guangdong Provincial Government, Grant/Award Number: 2018010162; Key Project of National Science, Technology Basic Conditions Platform Work, Grant/Award Number: 2005DKA21402; SouthChina Normal University; Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest, Grant/Award Number: 201303048; China Scholarship Council, Grant/Award Number: 201906750010; South China Normal University NR 54 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-1112 EI 1095-8649 J9 J FISH BIOL JI J. Fish Biol. DI 10.1111/jfb.14253 EA JAN 2020 PG 12 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA KG0NS UT WOS:000509638500001 PM 31919843 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Sowers, DC Masetti, G Mayer, LA Johnson, P Gardner, JV Armstrong, AA AF Sowers, Derek C. Masetti, Giuseppe Mayer, Larry A. Johnson, Paul Gardner, James, V Armstrong, Andrew A. TI Standardized Geomorphic Classification of Seafloor Within the United States Atlantic Canyons and Continental Margin SO FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE geomorphology; seafloor; classification; coastal and marine ecological classification standard; Atlantic; bathymorphon; geomorphometry; geoform ID BIODIVERSITY; BATHYMETRY AB Accurate seafloor maps serve as a critical component for understanding marine ecosystems and guiding informed ocean management decisions. From 2004 to 2015, the Atlantic Ocean continental margin offshore of the United States has been systematically mapped using multibeam sonars. This work was done in support of the U.S. Extended Continental Shelf (ECS) Project and for baseline characterization of the Atlantic canyons, but the question remains as to the relevance of these margin-wide data sets for conservation and management decisions pertaining to these areas. This study utilized an automatic segmentation approach to initially identify landform features from the bathymetry of the region, then translated these results into complete coverage geomorphology maps of the region utilizing the coastal and marine ecological classification standard (CMECS) to define geoforms. Abyssal flats make up more than half of the area (53%), with the continental slope flat class making up another 30% of the total area. Flats of any geoform class (including continental shelf flats and guyot flats) make up 83.06% of the study area. Slopes of any geoform class make up a cumulative total of 13.26% of the study region (8.27% abyssal slopes, 3.73% continental slopes, and 1.25% seamount slopes). While ridge features comprise only 1.82% of the total study area (1.03% abyssal ridges, 0.63 continental slope ridge, and 0.16% seamount ridges). Key benefits of the study's semi-automated approach include computational efficiency for large datasets, and the ability to apply the same methods to large regions with consistent results. C1 [Sowers, Derek C.; Masetti, Giuseppe; Mayer, Larry A.; Johnson, Paul; Gardner, James, V; Armstrong, Andrew A.] Univ New Hampshire, Sch Marine Sci & Ocean Engn, Joint Hydrog Ctr, Ctr Coastal & Ocean Mapping, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Sowers, Derek C.] NOAA, CNSP, Off Ocean Explorat & Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Armstrong, Andrew A.] NOAA, Off Coast Survey, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Sowers, DC (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Sch Marine Sci & Ocean Engn, Joint Hydrog Ctr, Ctr Coastal & Ocean Mapping, Durham, NH 03824 USA.; Sowers, DC (reprint author), NOAA, CNSP, Off Ocean Explorat & Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM derek.sowers@noaa.gov FU [NA15NOS4000200] FX Support for this research was provided by the NOAA grant NA15NOS4000200, Principal Investigator LM. NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FRONTIERS MEDIA SA PI LAUSANNE PA AVENUE DU TRIBUNAL FEDERAL 34, LAUSANNE, CH-1015, SWITZERLAND EI 2296-7745 J9 FRONT MAR SCI JI Front. Mar. Sci. PD JAN 28 PY 2020 VL 7 AR 9 DI 10.3389/fmars.2020.00009 PG 18 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA KG1MY UT WOS:000509706800001 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU O'Hara, TD Williams, A Althaus, F Ross, AS Bax, NJ AF O'Hara, Timothy D. Williams, Alan Althaus, Franziska Ross, Andrew S. Bax, Nicholas J. TI Regional-scale patterns of deep seafloor biodiversity for conservation assessment SO DIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTIONS LA English DT Article; Early Access DE benthos; conservation assessment; deep sea; key ecological features; rank abundance distribution ID GREAT-AUSTRALIAN-BIGHT; SPECIES RICHNESS; OVERTURNING CIRCULATION; DIVERSITY; OCEAN; ASSEMBLAGES; HYPOTHESIS; PREDICTION; DYNAMICS; PACIFIC AB Aim Mining and petroleum industries are exploring for resources in deep seafloor environments. Lease areas are often spatially aggregated and continuous over hundreds to thousands of kilometres. Sustainable development of these resources requires an understanding of the patterns of biodiversity at similar scales, yet these data are rarely available for the deep sea. Here, we compare biodiversity metrics and assemblage composition of epibenthic megafaunal samples from deep-sea benthic habitats from the Great Australian Bight (GAB), a petroleum exploration zone off southern Australia, to similar environments off eastern Australia. Location The Great Australian Bight (34-36 degrees S, 129-134 degrees E) and south-eastern (SE) and north-eastern (NE) Australian continental margins (23-42 degrees S, 149-155 degrees E) in depths of 1,900-5,000 m. Methods A species-sample matrix was constructed from invertebrate and fish megafauna collected from beam trawl samples across regions at lower bathyal (1,900-3,200 m) and abyssal (>3,200 m) depths, and analysed using multivariate, rarefaction and model-based statistics. We modelled rank abundance distributions (RAD) against environmental factors to identify drivers of abundance, richness and evenness. Results Multivariate analyses showed regional and bathymetric assemblage structure across the region. There was an almost complete turnover of sponge fauna between the GAB and SE. SE samples had the highest total faunal abundance and species richness. RAD models linked total abundance and species richness to levels of carbon flux. Evenness was associated with seasonality of net primary production. Conclusions Significant assemblage structure at regional scales is reported for the first time at lower bathyal and abyssal depths in the southern Indo-Pacific region along latitudinal and longitudinal gradients. The GAB fauna was distinct from other studied areas. Relatively high species richness, previously reported from the GAB continental shelf, did not occur at lower bathyal or abyssal depths. Instead, the abundance, richness and evenness of the benthic fauna are linked to surface primary production, which is elevated off SE Australia. C1 [O'Hara, Timothy D.] Museums Victoria, GPO Box 666, Melbourne, Vic 3001, Australia. [Williams, Alan; Althaus, Franziska; Bax, Nicholas J.] CSIRO, Oceans & Atmosphere, Hobart, Tas, Australia. [Ross, Andrew S.] CSIRO, Energy, Kensington, WA, Australia. [Bax, Nicholas J.] Univ Tasmania, Inst Marine & Antarctic Sci, Hobart, Tas, Australia. RP O'Hara, TD (reprint author), Museums Victoria, GPO Box 666, Melbourne, Vic 3001, Australia. EM tohara@museum.vic.gov.au RI Bax, Nicholas/A-2321-2012 OI Bax, Nicholas/0000-0002-9697-4963 FU Australian Government's National Environmental Science Program (NESP)Australian Government FX Australian Government's National Environmental Science Program (NESP) NR 62 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1366-9516 EI 1472-4642 J9 DIVERS DISTRIB JI Divers. Distrib. DI 10.1111/ddi.13034 EA JAN 2020 PG 16 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KG0NG UT WOS:000509637300001 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Shapira, T Henkin, Z Dag, A Mandelik, Y AF Shapira, Tal Henkin, Zalmen Dag, Arnon Mandelik, Yael TI Rangeland sharing by cattle and bees: moderate grazing does not impair bee communities and resource availability SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article; Early Access DE biodiversity conservation; cow grazing; foraging resources; honey bees; landscape management; nesting resources; pollination; pollinator; shrubland; wild bees ID NESTING BEES; LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION; SPECIES RESPONSES; POLLINATORS; INTENSITY; MANAGEMENT; DIVERSITY; BIODIVERSITY; HYMENOPTERA; PLANTS AB Rangelands are a dominant anthropogenic land use and a main driver of natural habitat loss worldwide. Land sharing, the integration of agricultural production and biodiversity conservation, may provide a platform for managing rangelands to fulfill multiple ecosystem services. However, livestock grazing can greatly affect biodiversity and little is known about its effects on providers of focal ecosystem services, such as pollinators. We investigated the effect of cattle grazing on bee communities and their foraging and nesting resources in Mediterranean rangelands. Specifically, we explored the effect of moderate cattle grazing on flowering plant abundance, species richness and composition, the diversity of nesting substrates, and consequently, the possible effects on wild bee and honey bee foraging activity, species diversity, and community composition. We conducted field research in the Mediterranean rangelands of Israel during the main bee activity season, in the spring of 2012 and 2013, comparing paired cattle-grazed and ungrazed areas. The availability of floral and nesting resources for bees was unaffected or positively affected by grazing. Similarly, wild bee abundance, species richness, and composition were not affected by grazing, but were instead shaped by spatiotemporal factors. Nor was honey bee activity level impaired by grazing. The foraging preferences of bees, as well as flower species composition and peak bloom differed between grazed and ungrazed areas. Therefore, in our studied rangelands, grazing had its main effect on the foraging choices of honey bees and wild bees, rather than on their abundance and diversity. Moreover, our results indicate the potentially important role of ungrazed patches in increasing nectar and pollen diversity and availability in rangelands for both honey bees and wild bees in the spring. Hence, maintaining a mosaic of moderately grazed and ungrazed patches is expected to provide the greatest benefits for wild bee conservation and honey bee activity in Mediterranean rangelands. Our findings support the notion of rangeland sharing by cattle and bees in Mediterranean ecosystems under moderate grazing intensities, mimicking the coexistence of honey bees, wild bees, and cattle in Mediterranean ecosystems on an evolutionary timescale. C1 [Shapira, Tal; Mandelik, Yael] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Dept Entomol, Robert H Smith Fac Agr Food & Environm, Rehovot, Israel. [Henkin, Zalmen] Agr Res Org, Dept Nat Resources, Newe Yaar Res Ctr, Beef Cattle Sect, Ramat Yishay, Israel. [Dag, Arnon] Agr Res Org, Inst Plant Sci, Gilat Res Ctr, IL-85280 Negev, Israel. RP Mandelik, Y (reprint author), Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Dept Entomol, Robert H Smith Fac Agr Food & Environm, Rehovot, Israel. EM yael.mandelik@mail.huji.ac.il FU Israel Ministry of Agriculture FX We wish to thank Holger Dathe, Achik Dorchin, Andreas Muller, Sebastien Patiny, Alain Pauly, Christophe Praz, Stephan Risch, Erwin Scheuchl, Maximilian Schwarz, and Michael Terzo for bee identification; Gideon Pisanty for bee and plant classification; Eli Haviv, Nisan Malka, Avi Melnikov, Mario Rippa, Yehudah Yehudah, and Lihi Zilverberg for help in field data collection. We also thank Ramat Hanadiv Nature Park and the rangers who allowed us access to their lands and provided cattle and bee hive data. This research was funded by the Chief Scientist of the Israel Ministry of Agriculture. NR 72 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1051-0761 EI 1939-5582 J9 ECOL APPL JI Ecol. Appl. DI 10.1002/eap.2066 EA JAN 2020 PG 15 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KG0JB UT WOS:000509626400001 PM 31872932 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Watts, K Whytock, RC Park, KJ Fuentes-Montemayor, E Macgregor, NA Duffield, S McGowan, PJK AF Watts, Kevin Whytock, Robin C. Park, Kirsty J. Fuentes-Montemayor, Elisa Macgregor, Nicholas A. Duffield, Simon McGowan, Philip J. K. TI Ecological time lags and the journey towards conservation success SO NATURE ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION LA English DT Article; Early Access ID EXTINCTION DEBT; COLONIZATION CREDIT; WOODLAND BIRDS; SPECIES CREDIT; NE GERMANY; BIODIVERSITY; RESPONSES; FORESTS; SIZE AB Time lags in the response of species to conservation interventions may mask success. In this Perspective, the authors explore the effects of time lags on biodiversity indicators using both theory and empirical data. Global conservation targets to reverse biodiversity declines and halt species extinctions are not being met despite decades of conservation action. However, a lack of measurable change in biodiversity indicators towards these targets is not necessarily a sign that conservation has failed; instead, temporal lags in species' responses to conservation action could be masking our ability to observe progress towards conservation success. Here we present our perspective on the influence of ecological time lags on the assessment of conservation success and review the principles of time lags and their ecological drivers. We illustrate how a number of conceptual species may respond to change in a theoretical landscape and evaluate how these responses might influence our interpretation of conservation success. We then investigate a time lag in a real biodiversity indicator using empirical data and explore alternative approaches to understand the mechanisms that drive time lags. Our proposal for setting and evaluating conservation targets is to use milestones, or interim targets linked to specific ecological mechanisms at key points in time, to assess whether conservation actions are likely to be working. Accounting for ecological time lags in biodiversity targets and indicators will greatly improve the way that we evaluate conservation successes. C1 [Watts, Kevin] Forest Res, Farnham, Surrey, England. [Watts, Kevin; Whytock, Robin C.; Park, Kirsty J.; Fuentes-Montemayor, Elisa] Univ Stirling, Biol & Environm Sci, Stirling, Scotland. [Macgregor, Nicholas A.] Univ Kent, Sch Anthropol & Conservat, Durrell Inst Conservat & Ecol, Canterbury, Kent, England. [Duffield, Simon] Nat England, London, England. [McGowan, Philip J. K.] Newcastle Univ, Sch Nat & Environm Sci, Newcastle Upon Tyne, Tyne & Wear, England. RP Watts, K (reprint author), Forest Res, Farnham, Surrey, England.; Watts, K (reprint author), Univ Stirling, Biol & Environm Sci, Stirling, Scotland. EM kevin.watts@forestresearch.gov.uk OI Fuentes-Montemayor, Elisa/0000-0002-5550-9432 FU Forestry Commission; University of Stirling; Natural England; Department for Environment, Food and Rural AffairsDepartment for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs (DEFRA); National Forest Company; Scottish Natural Heritage; Tarmac; Woodland Trust; Natural Research Environment Council IAPETUS Doctoral Training Partnership [NE/L002590/1]; Forest Research FX We thank all land owners who granted us permission to conduct surveys on their land, R. Whytock, P. French and P. Barbose De Andrade for assistance with data collection. This work has been developed with funding and logistical support from the Forestry Commission, University of Stirling, Natural England, Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, The National Forest Company, Scottish Natural Heritage, Tarmac and the Woodland Trust. R.C.W. was funded by the Natural Research Environment Council IAPETUS Doctoral Training Partnership (grant no. NE/L002590/1) with CASE funding from Forest Research. NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2397-334X J9 NAT ECOL EVOL JI Nat. Ecol. Evol. DI 10.1038/s41559-019-1087-8 EA JAN 2020 PG 8 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA KG0TT UT WOS:000509654200001 PM 31988448 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Nakazawa, T AF Nakazawa, Takefumi TI A perspective on stage-structured mutualism and its community consequences SO OIKOS LA English DT Article; Early Access DE community dynamics; intraspecific variation; life history; mutualism; ontogenetic niche shift; stage structure ID ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; BODY-SIZE; ONTOGENIC SUCCESSION; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; SEED DISPERSERS; ANT; DIVERSITY; POLLINATION; COEVOLUTION; STABILITY AB Ontogenetic variation is the most fundamental biological aspect of an organism, and stage-structured (size-structured) prey-predator relationships have increasingly been studied for better understanding food webs. However, little is known about stage-structured mutualism and its community consequences (i.e. when and where it occurs and how it matters in community ecology). This article aims to argue that mutualism can be viewed as inherently stage-structured while drawing research attention to the little-studied issue. First, to conceptualize stage-structured mutualism, I present possible community modules, such as inter-stage partner sharing, ontogenetic antagonism-mutualism coupling and ontogenetic partner shift, which are mechanistically obtained due to the ontogenetic variation in associated costs and benefits. A synthesis of the literature across different mutualisms (e.g. pollination, seed dispersal, nutritional and defensive) demonstrates that mutualism is commonly stage-structured, and those examples can be categorized into the different community modules conceptualized above. To integrate structural diversity and complexity, I present a general theoretical framework for describing community dynamics mediated by stage-structured mutualism. It can provide testable hypotheses regarding how stage-specific partners can affect each other through the life history of a shared host and how they jointly determine the lifetime fitness of the host. For the establishment of the ontogenetic perspective of mutualism, both empirical and theoretical efforts are needed to collect and incorporate individual-level interaction data into community ecology theories, which will provide valuable insights not only into mutualism-mediated community dynamics but also into biodiversity conservation and ecosystem management. C1 [Nakazawa, Takefumi] Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Dept Life Sci, 1 Univ Rd, Tainan 701, Taiwan. RP Nakazawa, T (reprint author), Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Dept Life Sci, 1 Univ Rd, Tainan 701, Taiwan. EM take.nkzw@gmail.com FU Ministry of Science and Technology, TaiwanMinistry of Science and Technology, Taiwan FX This study was funded by Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan. NR 138 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0030-1299 EI 1600-0706 J9 OIKOS JI Oikos DI 10.1111/oik.06653 EA JAN 2020 PG 14 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KF8BZ UT WOS:000509463600001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Hassan, AM Roberts, L Atkins, J AF Hassan, Abeer Mohamed Roberts, Lee Atkins, Jill TI Exploring factors relating to extinction disclosures: What motivates companies to report on biodiversity and species protection? SO BUSINESS STRATEGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article; Early Access DE biodiversity; extinction disclosures; content analysis; greenwashing; industry sector; performance ID ENVIRONMENTAL DISCLOSURE; SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT; ASSURANCE STATEMENTS; CORPORATE; PERFORMANCE; LEGITIMACY; MANAGEMENT; OWNERSHIP; QUALITY; IMPACT AB This paper seeks to contribute to the existing business strategy and the environment literature by investigating the disclosure practices of biodiversity/extinction (B/E) and threatened species. We use greenwashing theory to understand global companies' motivation to report on B/E information. Data are collected from 200 Fortune Global companies for 3 years. We develop our comprehensive 53 disclosure index and create and test OLS regression model to measure the relationships between B/E disclosures and its determinants factors including environmental performance, industry sector, country, assurance, environmental awards, presence of biodiversity partners, and the number of species' related disclosure. Our results reveal that there are positive significant relationships between B/E disclosure and assurance provided by the Big 4: gaining an environmental award, companies from high biodiversity risk sectors, developing countries, presence of biodiversity partners, and how many specific biodiversity words are published in companies' reports. On the other hand, there are positive insignificant relationships between B/E disclosure and assurance: poor performers and the number of species disclosed in companies' reports. Our findings have important implications for regulators and policymakers. Our evidence appears to be robust when controlling for possible endogeneities. C1 [Hassan, Abeer Mohamed] Univ West Scotland, Paisley, Renfrew, Scotland. [Roberts, Lee] Brunel Univ, Brunel Business Sch, London, England. [Atkins, Jill] Univ Sheffield, Accounting & Financial Management Div, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England. RP Hassan, AM (reprint author), Univ West Scotland, Paisley, Renfrew, Scotland. EM Abeer.hassan@uws.ac.uk NR 81 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0964-4733 EI 1099-0836 J9 BUS STRATEG ENVIRON JI Bus. Strateg. Environ. DI 10.1002/bse.2442 EA JAN 2020 PG 18 WC Business; Environmental Studies; Management SC Business & Economics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KF9HX UT WOS:000509551400001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Gupta, N Tiwari, V Everard, M Savage, M Hussain, SA Chadwick, MA Johnson, JA Nawab, A Belwal, VK AF Gupta, Nishikant Tiwari, Varun Everard, Mark Savage, Melissa Hussain, Syed Ainul Chadwick, Michael A. Johnson, Jeyaraj Antony Nawab, Asghar Belwal, Vinod K. TI Assessing the distribution pattern of otters in four rivers of the Indian Himalayan biodiversity hotspot SO AQUATIC CONSERVATION-MARINE AND FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEMS LA English DT Article; Early Access DE climate change; freshwater; human-induced stressors; Lutrinae; Mustelidae; otters; Uttarakhand; wetlands ID SMOOTH-COATED OTTER; UPPER GANGETIC PLAINS; LUTRA-LUTRA; EURASIAN OTTER; LUTROGALE-PERSPICILLATA; SELECTION AB The Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra), smooth-coated otter (Lutrogale perspicillata), and Asian small-clawed otter (Aonyx cinereus) have all been reported previously from the Indian state of Uttarakhand. However, little information is available about their current distribution in a mountainous region that is subject to increasing human-induced stressors (such as hydropower plants, pollution, sand and boulder mining, destructive fishing techniques, poaching). Owing to important roles played by these otters in structuring riverine food webs (particularly taking account of their roles as top carnivores), it is critical that they receive suitable protection in the face of projected temperature rise, change in precipitation patterns, and associated river flows in this Himalayan biodiversity hotspot. This study assesses otter distribution in four rivers of Uttarakhand as a basis for informing future conservation actions. Field surveys were conducted (October 2018-January 2019) in reaches of the Kosi, Ramganga, Khoh, and Song rivers, supported by semi-structured interviews (N = 379) conducted with members of local communities to collect qualitative data on views and perceptions of otter species. In addition, community-based otter awareness camps were organized for local youths (N = 105), adults (N = 115), and schoolchildren (N = 256 covering 10 schools). Habitat suitability maps were created using remote-sensing data, survey findings, and a geographic information system to provide information about priority reaches of river to be targeted for future conservation efforts. This study provides critical interdisciplinary baseline information to guide decision-makers towards developing a targeted, otter-specific conservation programme for this important Himalayan biodiversity hotspot. The otter conservation education programmes conducted during this study resulted in a proposal to set up a community-based conservation initiative to monitor and report otter sightings from the area, potentially representing a way forward for achieving simultaneous otter conservation and associated ecosystem benefits for local communities. C1 [Gupta, Nishikant; Tiwari, Varun] Int Ctr Integrated Mt Dev ICIMOD, Post Box 3226, Kathmandu, Nepal. [Everard, Mark] UWE, Bristol, Avon, England. [Savage, Melissa] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Hussain, Syed Ainul; Johnson, Jeyaraj Antony] Wildlife Inst India, Chandrabani, Uttarakhand, India. [Chadwick, Michael A.] Kings Coll London, Dept Geog, London, England. [Nawab, Asghar] WWF India, New Delhi, India. [Nawab, Asghar] Wildlife Conservat Soc Turtle Survival Alliance I, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India. RP Gupta, N (reprint author), Int Ctr Integrated Mt Dev ICIMOD, Post Box 3226, Kathmandu, Nepal. EM nishikantgupta@live.in OI Gupta, Nishikant/0000-0002-8429-7707; Everard, Mark/0000-0002-0251-8482 FU Rufford Foundation [24456-1] FX Rufford Foundation, Grant/Award Number: 24456-1 NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1052-7613 EI 1099-0755 J9 AQUAT CONSERV JI Aquat. Conserv.-Mar. Freshw. Ecosyst. DI 10.1002/aqc.3284 EA JAN 2020 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA KF8GJ UT WOS:000509475000001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Schejter, L Genzano, G Gaitan, E Perez, CD Bremec, CS AF Schejter, Laura Genzano, Gabriel Gaitan, Esteban Perez, Carlos D. Bremec, Claudia S. TI Benthic communities in the Southwest Atlantic Ocean: Conservation value of animal forests at the Burdwood Bank slope SO AQUATIC CONSERVATION-MARINE AND FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEMS LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Argentina; biodiversity; cold-water corals; indicator taxa; marine protected areas; vulnerable marine ecosystems ID MARINE PROTECTED AREA; COLD-WATER CORALS; NEIGHBORING AREAS; HIGH SEAS; ASSEMBLAGES; DIVERSITY; CNIDARIA; REEF; SCLERACTINIA; BIODIVERSITY AB The characterization of benthic communities at the Burdwood Bank slope (>= 200 m depth) is provided, comprising data from the marine protected area (MPA) Namuncura II (created in December 2018), as well as from some deep bathyal surrounding areas in the Southwest Atlantic Ocean. This information was acquired during two research cruises with RV Puerto Deseado (Argentina) during 2016 and 2017. Marine animal forests were detected in the study area: coral gardens, mainly composed of alcyonaceans, were detected in the south and west of Burdwood Bank (MPA Namuncura II) and neighbouring areas, whereas pennatulacean aggregations were detected in the north-west of the plateau. The three-dimensional structures of live but also dead corals provide substrate and refuge to many associated species. Benthic communities dominated by sponges were also recorded between 200 and 300 m in depth. Six sites that meet the characteristics of vulnerable marine ecosystems (VMEs) are reported. Conservation strategies applied to scarcely known austral Argentinean waters led to the establishment of a pioneer MPA (Namuncura I). Following the management plan that aimed to establish the biodiversity of Namuncura I and neighbouring areas, the area of protection has now been enlarged to include the southern slope of the bank (currently Namuncura II), where marine animal forests were detected, at depths below 200 m. The data presented here provide empirical evidence to support the conservation value of the region. C1 [Schejter, Laura; Gaitan, Esteban] Inst Nacl Invest & Desarrollo Pesquero INIDEP, Lab Bentos, Mar Del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [Schejter, Laura; Genzano, Gabriel; Bremec, Claudia S.] Univ Nacl Mar del Plata, Inst Invest Marinas & Costeras IIMyC, CONICET, Mar Del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [Perez, Carlos D.] Univ Fed Pernambuco, GPA Anthozoan Res Grp, Ctr Acad Vitoria, Recife, PE, Brazil. RP Schejter, L (reprint author), Inst Nacl Invest & Desarrollo Pesquero INIDEP, Paseo Victoria Ocampo 1, RA-7600 Mar Del Plata, Argentina. EM schejter@inidep.edu.ar FU FACEPE [APQ-0913-2.04/17]; Fondo para la Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica [PICT 2013-0629]; Marine Biotechnology Network [408934/2013-1]; Universidad Nacional de Mar del PlataNational University of La Plata [EXA 829/17]; PICTANPCyT; MPA Namuncura I; Argentine Government FX FACEPE, Grant/Award Number: APQ-0913-2.04/17; Fondo para la Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica, Grant/Award Number: PICT 2013-0629; Marine Biotechnology Network, Grant/Award Number: 408934/2013-1; Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Grant/Award Number: EXA 829/17; PICT; MPA Namuncura I; Argentine Government NR 86 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1052-7613 EI 1099-0755 J9 AQUAT CONSERV JI Aquat. Conserv.-Mar. Freshw. Ecosyst. DI 10.1002/aqc.3265 EA JAN 2020 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA KF7MF UT WOS:000509422600001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Smith, YCE Smith, DAE Ramesh, T Downs, CT AF Smith, Yvette C. Ehlers Smith, David A. Ehlers Ramesh, Tharmalingam Downs, Colleen T. TI Co-occurrence modelling highlights conservation implications for two competing spiral-horned antelope SO AUSTRAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article; Early Access DE camera trapping; competitive exclusion; management practices; niche separation; occupancy modelling; predator pressure; spatio-temporal activity patterns ID BUSHBUCK TRAGELAPHUS-SCRIPTUS; PROTECTED AREAS; ACTIVITY PATTERNS; HABITAT USE; HOME-RANGE; MANAGEMENT; MAPUTALAND; BIODIVERSITY; VEGETATION; ABUNDANCE AB We assessed the potential competitive exclusion of southern bushbuck (hereafter bushbuck, Tragelaphus scriptus) by nyala (Tragelaphus angasii), the larger of the two spiral-horned browsing antelopes (members of the Tragelaphine family). It has been suggested that high concentrations of nyala, capable of browsing a greater breadth of food items, negatively influence bushbuck. Using camera trap data, we explored factors influencing spatio-temporal activity patterns and co-occurrence of both species within three Protected Areas (PAs) of the Maputaland Conservation Unit, South Africa. Bushbuck have gone locally extinct within one of our survey areas, likely because of competitive pressures and cascading effects. Our results indicated a segregation of activities; bushbuck was more nocturnal, particularly in areas with higher nyala occupancy. Nyala occupancy overall was higher than bushbuck. When comparing occupancies at the management level, bushbuck occupancy was higher than nyala within two survey areas: where nyala were modelled as present but populations were managed through culling, and where leopard (Panthera pardus) populations were highest. Co-occurrence was most likely in these two survey areas, indicating a threshold of nyala occupancy up to which bushbuck were tolerant. Where nyala were present in conjunction with high leopard density, bushbuck occupancy was higher. Conversely, where leopard density was low, the cascading effect was of high nyala occupancy, with subsequent competitive exclusion of bushbuck. Our results have critical management implications for PAs, including the management of carrying capacities, the preservation of native species assemblages and habitat management. We provide evidence that a larger-bodied sympatric species can outcompete subordinate sympatric browsers when not effectively managed, particularly where the predation effects that influence population dynamics are limited. C1 [Smith, Yvette C. Ehlers; Smith, David A. Ehlers; Ramesh, Tharmalingam; Downs, Colleen T.] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Sch Life Sci, Ctr Funct Biodivers, Private Bag X01, ZA-3209 Pietermaritzburg, South Africa. [Ramesh, Tharmalingam] Govt India, Minist Environm Forest & Climate Change, Ctr Excellence, Ctr Ornithol & Nat Hist, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India. RP Downs, CT (reprint author), Univ KwaZulu Natal, Sch Life Sci, Ctr Funct Biodivers, Private Bag X01, ZA-3209 Pietermaritzburg, South Africa. EM downs@ukzn.ac.za OI Downs, Colleen/0000-0001-8334-1510 FU University of KwaZulu-Natal; Hans Hoheisen Trust (ZA); Whitley Wildlife Conservation Trust (UK); Ford Wildlife Foundation (ZA); National Research Foundation (ZA) FX We wish to thank Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife for granting permission to conduct research within their PA network and R. Kalle and H. Rosenlund for field support and logistics. This work was supported by the University of KwaZulu-Natal, Hans Hoheisen Trust (ZA), Whitley Wildlife Conservation Trust (UK), the Ford Wildlife Foundation (ZA) and the National Research Foundation (ZA). NR 74 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1442-9985 EI 1442-9993 J9 AUSTRAL ECOL JI Austral Ecol. DI 10.1111/aec.12856 EA JAN 2020 PG 14 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KF8LO UT WOS:000509488800001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Mulesa, TH Westengen, OT AF Mulesa, Teshome H. Westengen, Ola T. TI Against the grain? A historical institutional analysis of access governance of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture in Ethiopia SO JOURNAL OF WORLD INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Access and Benefit Sharing (ABS); Commons governance; Intellectual Property Rights (IPR); International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (ITPGRFA) ID GREEN-REVOLUTION; INTERNATIONAL REGIME; CROP BIODIVERSITY; FARMERS RIGHTS; DIVERSITY; SEED; GERMPLASM; AFRICA; HIGHLAND; ORIGINS AB Farmers' and breeders' access to a genetic diversity is essential for food system sustainability. The implementation of international agreements regulating access to plant genetic resources for food and agriculture (PGRFA) varies substantially between countries. Here, we examine why some countries implement a restrictive access governance regime, taking Ethiopia as a case. Drawing on commons theory and historical institutional analysis, we analyze historical, political, and economic factors that have shaped Ethiopia's access regime. Based on interviews with key actors and stakeholders and document analysis, we identify three overarching ideational and material factors that can explain Ethiopia's current policy: (a) the influence of narratives about Ethiopia as a biodiversity treasure trove on the Ethiopian cultural identity; (b) the economic importance of agriculture based on PGRFA with origin in the country; and (c) the political influence of the genetic resource movement that promotes farmers' rights as a counter measure to stringent intellectual property rights (IPR), and on-farm PGRFA management as complimentary to ex situ conservation and formal seed system development. The Ethiopian case illustrates that countries' governance of access to PGRFA must be understood in connection with, and not in isolation from, IPR regimes and the historical, political, and cultural role of PGRFA in the country in question. C1 [Mulesa, Teshome H.; Westengen, Ola T.] Norwegian Univ Life Sci, Noragric, Dept Int Environm & Dev Studies, Postboks 5003, N-1432 As, Norway. RP Mulesa, TH (reprint author), Norwegian Univ Life Sci, Noragric, Dept Int Environm & Dev Studies, Postboks 5003, N-1432 As, Norway. EM teshome.mulesa@nmbu.no FU Research Council of Norway (RCN)Research Council of Norway [NFR 277452/H30] FX Research Council of Norway (RCN), Grant/Award Number: (NFR 277452/H30) NR 221 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1422-2213 EI 1747-1796 J9 J WORLD INTELLECT PR JI J. World Intellect. Prop. DI 10.1111/jwip.12142 EA JAN 2020 PG 39 WC Law SC Government & Law GA KF7MJ UT WOS:000509423000001 OA Other Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Adnan, A Kasimu, K Rakha, A He, GL Yang, TY Wang, CC Lu, J Xuan, JF AF Adnan, Atif Kasimu, Kaidirina Rakha, Allah He, Guanglin Yang, Tongya Wang, Chuan-Chao Lu, Jie Xuan, Jin-feng TI Comprehensive genetic structure analysis of Han population from Dalian City revealed by 20 Y-STRs SO MOLECULAR GENETICS & GENOMIC MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Dalian; forensic genetics; Han; O haplogroup; Y-Chromosome Haplotype Reference Database (YHRD); Y-STRs ID LIAONING PROVINCE; CHROMOSOMAL STRS; ETHNIC-MINORITY; LOCI; POLYMORPHISMS; CHINA; HAPLOTYPES; DONGXIANG; REGIONS; PROFILE AB Background Dalian is a city formed in the 1880s in Liaoning province, Northeastern China with a population of 6.69 million now. Han is the largest ethnic group not only across Mainland China (92%) and Taiwan (97%) but also considered to be the largest ethnic group of the world contributing to above 18% of world's population. Methods In the current study, we genotyped Goldeneye (R) 20Y System loci in 879 unrelated male individuals from the Han ethnic group in Dalian city and calculated the forensic parameters of the 20 Y-STR loci. Results In total, we observed 855 haplotypes, among which 835 (94.99%) were unique. The discrimination capacity (DC) of overall Goldeneye (R) 20Y System is 97.27% and it slightly reduces to 96.93% when only Y-filer (R) set of 17 Y-STRs were used, which mitigates using the extended set of markers in this population. We found DYS388 showed the lowest gene diversity (0.5151), whereas DYS389II showed the highest gene diversity (0.7621) in single copy Y-STR, and DYS385 showed the highest gene diversity (0.9683) among all. Conclusion Multidimensional scaling (MDS) analysis based upon pairwise Rst genetic distance showed difference among Han population from the east to the west and from the north to the south. We also predicted haplogroups using Y-STR haplotypes, which showed the dominance of Haplogroup O (65.2%) followed by Haplogroup C (14.5%) in Dalian Han population. Moreover, we found 10 individuals showed a null allele at the DYS448 in our samples. We also performed linear discriminatory analysis (LDA) between Han and other prominent Chinese minority ethnic groups. We presented Y-STRs data in the Y-Chromosome Haplotype Reference Database (YHRD) for the future forensic and other usage. C1 [Adnan, Atif; Xuan, Jin-feng] China Med Univ, Sch Forens Med, Dept Forens Genet & Biol, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, Peoples R China. [Adnan, Atif; Yang, Tongya; Lu, Jie] China Med Univ, Coll Basic Med Sci, Dept Human Anat, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, Peoples R China. [Kasimu, Kaidirina] China Med Univ, Sch Clin Med, Shenyang, Peoples R China. [Rakha, Allah] Univ Hlth Sci Lahore, Dept Forens Sci, Lahore, Pakistan. [He, Guanglin; Wang, Chuan-Chao] Xiamen Univ, Dept Anthropol & Ethnol, Xiamen, Peoples R China. RP Xuan, JF (reprint author), China Med Univ, Sch Forens Med, Dept Forens Genet & Biol, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, Peoples R China.; Adnan, A; Lu, J (reprint author), China Med Univ, Coll Basic Med Sci, Dept Human Anat, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, Peoples R China. EM mirzaatifadnan@gmail.com; lvjie@cmu.edu.cn; xuanjf@126.com OI Adnan, Atif/0000-0003-4537-0059 FU China Medical UniversityChina Medical University [20191998]; National Natural Science Foundation of P. R. ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [81771229] FX China Medical University, Grant/Award Number: 20191998; National Natural Science Foundation of P. R. China, Grant/Award Number: 81771229 NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2324-9269 J9 MOL GENET GENOM MED JI Mol. Genet. Genom. Med. AR e1149 DI 10.1002/mgg3.1149 EA JAN 2020 PG 11 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA KF8AV UT WOS:000509460600001 PM 31989793 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Wang, YX Ziv, G Adami, M de Almeida, CA Antunes, JFG Coutinho, AC Esquerdo, JCD Gomes, AR Galbraith, D AF Wang, Yunxia Ziv, Guy Adami, Marcos de Almeida, Claudio Aparecido Goncalves Antunes, Joao Francisco Coutinho, Alexandre Camargo Dalla Mora Esquerdo, Julio Cesar Gomes, Alessandra Rodrigues Galbraith, David TI Upturn in secondary forest clearing buffers primary forest loss in the Brazilian Amazon SO NATURE SUSTAINABILITY LA English DT Article; Early Access ID LAND-COVER; BIODIVERSITY; ACCURACY; STATE; AREA AB Brazil contains two-thirds of remaining Amazonian rainforests and is responsible for the most Amazon forest loss. Primary forest loss in the Brazilian Amazon has declined considerably since 2004 but secondary forest loss has never been quantified. We use a recently developed high-resolution land use/land cover dataset to track secondary forests in the Brazilian Amazon over 14 yr, providing the first estimates of secondary forest loss for the region. We find that secondary forest loss increased by (187 +/- 48)% from 2008 to 2014. Moreover, the proportion of total forest loss accounted for by secondary forests rose from (37 +/- 3)% in 2000 to (72 +/- 5)% in 2014. The recent acceleration in secondary forests loss occurred across the entire region and was not driven simply by increasing secondary forest area but probably a conscious preferential shift towards clearance of a little-protected forest ecosystem (secondary forests). Our results suggest that secondary forests loss has eased deforestation pressure on primary forests. However, this has been at the expense of a lost carbon sequestration opportunity of 2.59-2.66 Pg C over our study period. Deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon affects both older (primary) and younger (secondary) forests. This study finds that most forest loss over the period 2008-2014 was from secondary forests and that the almost 190% rise in deforestation buffered losses from primary forests. C1 [Wang, Yunxia; Ziv, Guy; Galbraith, David] Univ Leeds, Sch Geog, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England. [Adami, Marcos; Gomes, Alessandra Rodrigues] Natl Inst Space Res INPE, Amazon Reg Ctr, Belem, Para, Brazil. [de Almeida, Claudio Aparecido] Natl Inst Space Res INPE, Image Proc Div, Sao Jose Dos Campos, Brazil. [Goncalves Antunes, Joao Francisco; Coutinho, Alexandre Camargo; Dalla Mora Esquerdo, Julio Cesar] Brazilian Agr Res Corp EMBRAPA, Agr Informat, Campinas, Brazil. RP Wang, YX; Galbraith, D (reprint author), Univ Leeds, Sch Geog, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England. EM wangyx.tina@outlook.com; D.R.Galbraith@leeds.ac.uk OI Goncalves Antunes, Joao Francisco/0000-0001-8114-9971; Galbraith, David/0000-0002-5555-4823; Adami, Marcos/0000-0003-4247-4477 FU China Scholarship Council/University of Leeds grant [201506300051]; Google; NERCNERC Natural Environment Research Council [NE/N004655/1]; Royal Society Newton Advanced Fellowship [NAF/R1/180405]; Horizon 2020 programme (ECOPOTENTIAL project) [641762] FX This work was funded by a China Scholarship Council/University of Leeds grant to Y.W. (grant no. 201506300051), a Google Earth Engine Research Award (2016) to G.Z. and D.G., a NERC-funded standard grant to D.G. (TREMOR project grant no. NE/N004655/1), a Royal Society Newton Advanced Fellowship to M.A. (NAF/R1/180405) and a Horizon 2020 programme grant to G.Z. (ECOPOTENTIAL project grant no. 641762). We thank M.A., L. Santos and T. Lisboa for the contribution of visual interpretation of our sampling pixels. We thank the many dedicated staff at INPE and EMBRAPA who produce the PRODES and TERRACLASS products; these efforts are critical for understanding land use change dynamics in the Brazilian Amazon. We thank T. Baker and S. Batterman for providing useful feedback on an earlier version of the manuscript. NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2398-9629 J9 NAT SUSTAIN JI Nat. Sustain. DI 10.1038/s41893-019-0470-4 EA JAN 2020 PG 6 WC Green & Sustainable Science & Technology; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KG0TF UT WOS:000509652800001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Moravec, F Justine, JL AF Moravec, Frantisek Justine, Jean-Lou TI New records of spirurid nematodes (Nematoda, Spirurida, Guyanemidae, Philometridae & Cystidicolidae) from marine fishes off New Caledonia, with redescriptions of two species and erection of Ichthyofilaroides n. gen. SO PARASITE LA English DT Article DE Spirurida; Acanthuridae; Holocentridae; Hoplichthyidae; Serranidae; South Pacific ID MERLUCCIUS-HUBBSI PISCES; ARGENTINENSIS INCORVAIA; DRACUNCULOID NEMATODES; PARASITE BIODIVERSITY; ANNOTATED LIST; SWIMBLADDER; MONOGENEA; COPEPODA; ISLANDS; CESTODA AB Recent examinations of spirurid nematodes (Spirurida) from deep-sea or coral reef marine fishes off New Caledonia, collected in the years 2006-2009, revealed the presence of the following five species: Ichthyofilaroides novaecaledoniensis (Moravec et Justine, 2009) n. gen., n. comb. (transferred from Ichthyofilaria Yamaguti, 1935) (females) (Guyanemidae) from the deep-sea fish Hoplichthys citrinus (Hoplichthyidae, Scorpaeniformes), Philometra sp. (male fourth-stage larva and mature female) (Philometridae) from Epinephelus maculatus (Serranidae, Perciformes), Ascarophis (Dentiascarophis) adioryx Machida, 1981 (female) (Cystidicolidae) from Sargocentron spiniferum (Holocentridae, Beryciformes), Ascarophis (Ascarophis) nasonis Machida, 1981 (males and females) from Naso lituratus and N. unicornis (Acanthuridae, Perciformes), and Ascarophisnema tridentatum Moravec et Justine, 2010 (female) from Gymnocranius grandoculis (Lethrinidae, Perciformes). Two species, I. novaecaledoniensis and A. nasonis, are redescribed based on light microscopical (LM) and scanning electron microscopical (SEM) examinations, the latter used in these species for the first time. Morphological data on the specimen of A. tridentatum from the new host species are provided. Philometra sp. (from E. maculatus) most probably represents a new gonad-infecting species of this genus. The newly established genus Ichthyofilaroides n. gen. is characterized mainly by the presence of a small buccal capsule and by the number and distribution of cephalic papillae in the female; it is the sixth genus in the Guyanemidae. C1 [Moravec, Frantisek] Czech Acad Sci, Inst Parasitol, Biol Ctr, Branisovska 31, Ceske Budejovice 37005, Czech Republic. [Justine, Jean-Lou] Univ Antilles, Sorbonne Univ, Inst Systemat Evolut Biodiversite ISYEB, Museum Natl Hist Nat,CNRS,EPHE, Rue Cuvier,CP 51, F-75005 Paris, France. RP Moravec, F (reprint author), Czech Acad Sci, Inst Parasitol, Biol Ctr, Branisovska 31, Ceske Budejovice 37005, Czech Republic. EM moravec@paru.cas.cz OI Justine, Jean-Lou/0000-0002-7155-4540 FU MEYS CR (Czech-BioImaging) [LM2015062]; Institute of Parasitology, BC AS CRCzech Academy of Sciences [585110/9500] FX We wish to thank all colleagues and students who have participated in the parasitological survey over the years; detailed lists were provided in previous papers [15-17]. The deepsea cruise TERRASSES was led by Sarah Samadi. Thanks are also due to the Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre CAS, institution supported by the MEYS CR (LM2015062 Czech-BioImaging) for their support with obtaining the scientific data presented in this paper, and to Blanka Skorikova of the same Institute for help with the illustrations. This study was partly funded by the institutional support of the Institute of Parasitology, BC AS CR (585110/9500). NR 62 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1252-607X EI 1776-1042 J9 PARASITE JI Parasite PD JAN 27 PY 2020 VL 27 AR 5 DI 10.1051/parasite/2020003 PG 16 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA KF9JF UT WOS:000509555800001 PM 31985397 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Deng, JY Fu, RH Compton, SG Liu, M Wang, Q Yuan, C Zhang, LS Chen, Y AF Deng, Jun-Yin Fu, Rong-Hua Compton, Stephen G. Liu, Mei Wang, Qin Yuan, Chuan Zhang, Lu-Shui Chen, Yan TI Sky islands as foci for divergence of fig trees and their pollinators in southwest China SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Agaonidae; Ficus; fig wasp; glacial refugia; pollination ID GENETIC-STRUCTURE; QUATERNARY CLIMATE; POPULATION-GROWTH; COMPUTER-PROGRAM; FICUS-RACEMOSA; DNA-SEQUENCE; WASP; DIVERSITY; RANGE; DIVERSIFICATION AB The dynamics of populations and their divergence over time have shaped current levels of biodiversity and in the case of the "sky islands" of mountainous southwest (SW) China have resulted in an area of exceptional botanical diversity. Ficus tikoua is a prostrate fig tree subendemic to the area that displays unique intraspecific diversity, producing figs typical of different pollination modes in different parts of its range. By combining climate models, genetic variation in populations of the tree's obligate fig wasp pollinators and distributions of the different plant phenotypes, we examined how this unusual situation may have developed. We identified three genetically distinct groups of a single Ceratosolen pollinator species that have largely parapatric distributions. The complex topography of the region contributed to genetic divergence among the pollinators by facilitating geographical isolation and providing refugia. Migration along elevations in response to climate oscillations further enhanced genetic differentiation of the three pollinator groups. Their distributions loosely correspond to the distributions of the functionally significant morphological differences in the male figs of their host plants, but postglacial expansion of one group has not been matched by spread of its associated plant phenotype, possibly due to a major river barrier. The results highlight how interplay between the complex topography of the "sky island" complex and climate change has shaped intraspecies differentiation and relationships between the plant and its pollinator. Similar processes may explain the exceptional botanical diversity of SW China. C1 [Deng, Jun-Yin; Fu, Rong-Hua; Liu, Mei; Wang, Qin; Yuan, Chuan; Zhang, Lu-Shui; Chen, Yan] Mianyang Normal Univ, Ecol Secur & Protect Key Lab Sichuan Prov, Mianyang, Sichuan, Peoples R China. [Deng, Jun-Yin] Univ Pretoria, Dept Biochem Genet & Microbiol, Div Genet, Pretoria, South Africa. [Compton, Stephen G.] Univ Leeds, Sch Biol, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England. RP Chen, Y (reprint author), Mianyang Normal Univ, Ecol Secur & Protect Key Lab Sichuan Prov, Mianyang, Sichuan, Peoples R China. EM goose_01@163.com FU Sichuan Science and Technology Program [2017JY0046]; National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [31270387, 31770254] FX Sichuan Science and Technology Program, Grant/Award Number: 2017JY0046; National Natural Science Foundation of China, Grant/Award Number: 31270387 and 31770254 NR 114 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0962-1083 EI 1365-294X J9 MOL ECOL JI Mol. Ecol. DI 10.1111/mec.15353 EA JAN 2020 PG 21 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA KF7FS UT WOS:000509405700001 PM 31943487 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Amanzougarene, Z Tejeda, MP Calvo, H de la Fuente, G Fondevila, M AF Amanzougarene, Zahia Pilar Tejeda, Maria Calvo, Hector de la Fuente, Gabriel Fondevila, Manuel TI Microbial fermentation of starch- or fibre-rich feeds added with dry or pre-activated Saccharomyces cerevisiae studied in vitro under conditions simulating high-concentrate feeding for ruminants SO JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article; Early Access DE culture-activated yeasts; in vitro fermentation; barley grain; sugar beet pulp; bacterial biodiversity ID RUMEN FERMENTATION; MILK-PRODUCTION; DRIED YEAST; ACIDOSIS; SUPPLEMENTATION; CULTURE; TEMPERATURE; BICARBONATE; STRAINS; DIFFER AB BACKGROUND To study if the effect on fermentation of yeasts added in ruminant diets can be improved, the effect of adding dry (DY) or pre-activated (AY) Saccharomyces cerevisiae, compared with unsupplemented rumen fluid (CT), on barley grain or sugar beet pulp was evaluated under in vitro high-concentrate fermentative conditions. Yeasts were pre-activated by culturing aerobically at 30 degrees C for 24 h. RESULTS In Experiment 1, AY showed a higher concentration than DY at 6 h incubation (6.83 versus 5.76 log cfu mL(-1); P = 0.007), differences disappearing at 12 h. This was supported by higher gas production with AY, especially on sugar beet pulp. In Experiment 2, incubation pH was 6.24 and 6.31 respectively for barley and sugar beet pulp at 8 h (P < 0.05), but no effect was recorded at 24 h (6.00 and 5.96; P > 0.05). With sugar beet pulp, gas production promoted by AY was the highest (P < 0.05) in the first 8 h of incubation. However, differences with barley were lower and only detected between AY and CT at 12 h (P < 0.05). Total volatile fatty acids (VFAs) concentration at 8 h followed the same trend, but no differences were detected on molar VFAs profile or lactate concentration. Microbial diversity was more affected by the incubation series than by experimental treatments, and inocula including yeasts (AY, DY) did not differ from unsupplemented rumen liquid. CONCLUSIONS When pre-activated, the concentration of S. cerevisiae was initially higher and resulted in higher gas volumes, and more on a fibrous (sugar beet pulp) than a starchy (barley) substrate. The response is apparently quantitative, since no major changes were detected on biodiversity or fermentation profile. (c) 2020 Society of Chemical Industry C1 [Amanzougarene, Zahia; Pilar Tejeda, Maria; Calvo, Hector; Fondevila, Manuel] Univ Zaragoza CITA, IA2, Dept Prod Anim & Ciencia Alimentos, Miguel Servet 177, Zaragoza 50013, Spain. [de la Fuente, Gabriel] Univ Lleida, Dept Ciencia Anim, Lleida, Spain. RP Fondevila, M (reprint author), Univ Zaragoza CITA, IA2, Dept Prod Anim & Ciencia Alimentos, Miguel Servet 177, Zaragoza 50013, Spain. EM mfonde@unizar.es OI Fondevila Camps, Manuel/0000-0002-0712-1185 FU Spanish GovernmentSpanish Government [AGL 2013-46820]; Department of Industry and Innovation of the Government of Aragon; European Social FundEuropean Social Fund (ESF) FX Thanks are given to AMBIOTEC Balance for providing the additives for this study. The work was supported by the Spanish Government (project AGL 2013-46820), with the Department of Industry and Innovation of the Government of Aragon and the European Social Fund. NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-5142 EI 1097-0010 J9 J SCI FOOD AGR JI J. Sci. Food Agric. DI 10.1002/jsfa.10249 EA JAN 2020 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA KF6MQ UT WOS:000509354300001 PM 31917481 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Lis, EM Lucila, CE AF Maria Lis, Echeverria Elsa Lucila, Camadro TI Morphological and molecular variability of wild diploid and polyploid populations of Chrysolaena flexuosa (Sims) H. Rob.: relevance for ornamental breeding SO SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE LA English DT Article DE Lepidaploa; Germplasm characterization; Polyploidy; Morphological phenotypes; AFLP patterns; Urban green spaces ID LEPIDAPLOA COMPLEX VERNONIEAE; CHROMOSOME-NUMBERS; 2N POLLEN; ASTERACEAE; GENUS; CLASSIFICATION; CONSERVATION; BIODIVERSITY; COMPOSITAE; GENETICS AB Chrysolaena fiexuosa is a South American species of ornamental interest, whose variability has not been explored. The objective of this work was to perform joint analyses of morphological and molecular traits in seven accessions from its geographic distribution in Argentina: diploid, tetraploid and hexaploid, along an approximately 1400 km transect. To this end, 26 morphological traits were recorded in 10-24 plants/accession, and two combination of AFLP markers were used for molecular characterization. The data was subjected to multivariate and AMOVA analyses, and the genetic diversity among accessions was evaluated by using the F-st index. The multivariate analyses for morphological traits allowed the differentiation of groups that were in accordance with their geographical origin and, thus, their respective ploidies; with the diploids exhibiting smaller-sized organs but higher numbers of leaves and heads. In the AMOVA, differences between accessions according to geographic origin were not significant (p = 0.123), and the highest percentage of the molecular variance corresponded to intra-population variation (88.1%). The F-st index indicated moderate genetic differentiation among accessions (F-st = 0.11), as observed in other allogamous species as a consequence of inter-population gene flow. In turn, the detected variability for morphological traits of interest would allow the use of these accessions in ornamental breeding for cultivar development. C1 [Maria Lis, Echeverria; Elsa Lucila, Camadro] Univ Nacl Mar del Plata UNMdP, Fac Ciencias Agr, Ruta Nacl 226,Km 73-5, RA-7620 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Elsa Lucila, Camadro] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, Lab Genet, EEA Balcarce, INTA, Ruta Nacl 226,Km 73-5, RA-7620 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. RP Lucila, CE (reprint author), Univ Nacl Mar del Plata UNMdP, Fac Ciencias Agr, Ruta Nacl 226,Km 73-5, RA-7620 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.; Lucila, CE (reprint author), Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, Lab Genet, EEA Balcarce, INTA, Ruta Nacl 226,Km 73-5, RA-7620 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. EM echeverria.marialis@inta.gob.ar; camadro.elsa@inta.gob.ar FU Universidad Nacional de Mar del PlataNational University of La Plata [AGR 448/14, AGR 503/16, AGR 557/18]; Institute Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria FX This work was financially supported by Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata [research projects AGR 448/14, AGR 503/16 and AGR 557/18] and Institute Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria. NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 15 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4238 EI 1879-1018 J9 SCI HORTIC-AMSTERDAM JI Sci. Hortic. PD JAN 27 PY 2020 VL 260 AR 108875 DI 10.1016/j.scienta.2019.108875 PG 11 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA JN4VG UT WOS:000496896500014 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Fenker, J Domingos, FMCB Tedeschi, LG Rosauer, DF Werneck, FP Colli, GR Ledo, RMD Fonseca, EM Garda, AA Tucker, D Sites, JW Breitman, MF Soares, F Giugliano, LG Moritz, C AF Fenker, Jessica Domingos, Fabricius M. C. B. Tedeschi, Leonardo G. Rosauer, Dan F. Werneck, Fernanda P. Colli, Guarino R. Ledo, Roger M. D. Fonseca, Emanuel M. Garda, Adrian A. Tucker, Derek Sites, Jack W., Jr. Breitman, Maria F. Soares, Flavia Giugliano, Lilian G. Moritz, Craig TI Evolutionary history of Neotropical savannas geographically concentrates species, phylogenetic and functional diversity of lizards SO JOURNAL OF BIOGEOGRAPHY LA English DT Article; Early Access DE biodiversity; Cerrado; conservation; diversity metrics; phyloendemism; richness ID BRAZILIAN CERRADO; CRYPTIC DIVERSITY; BIODIVERSITY HOTSPOTS; DISTRIBUTION PATTERNS; ENDEMIC LIZARD; CONSERVATION; SQUAMATA; DIVERSIFICATION; GYMNOPHTHALMIDAE; PHYLOGEOGRAPHY AB Aim: Understanding where and why species diversity is geographically concentrated remains a challenge in biogeography and macroevolution. This is true for the Cerrado, the most biodiverse tropical savanna in the world, which has experienced profound biodiversity loss. Previous studies have focused on a single metric (species composition), neglecting the fact that 'species' within the biome are often composed of cryptic species. In order to identify biodiversity hotspots more robustly and across multiple dimensions we integrate functional, spatial and new phylogeographic data for the Cerrado lizard fauna by (a) mapping the spatial patterns of species and phylogenetic diversity; and (b) using endemism measures to identify areas of unique diversity. We then quantify the extent to which existing protected areas represent the diversity. Location: Brazilian savanna (Cerrado). Methods: We generated species distribution models using distribution records for all Cerrado lizard species. These, combined with mitochondrial DNA phylogenies and natural history data, allowed us to map species richness, phylogenetic and functional diversity and phylogenetic and weighted endemism. Phylogenetic endemism maps were then cross-referenced against protected areas to calculate the amount of evolutionary history preserved within these areas. Results: The central region of the Cerrado, a vast and climatically stable plateau, stands out as important under all biodiversity metrics. Including evolutionary relationships in biodiversity assessment, we detected four regional hotspots with high concentration of spatially restricted evolutionary diversity. Protected areas cover only 10% of the Cerrado area and hold 11.64% of the summed phylogenetic endemism of all lizards in the biome. Main Conclusions: We highlighted both stable (Chapada dos Veadeiros and Serra do Espinhaco plateaus) and environmentally heterogenous regions (Araguaia and Tocantins valleys) as hotspots of evolutionary diversity. The creation and/or manipulation of areas for conservation are essential for the conservation and survival of the rich and endemic lizard fauna of the Cerrado. C1 [Fenker, Jessica; Tedeschi, Leonardo G.; Rosauer, Dan F.; Moritz, Craig] Australian Natl Univ, Div Ecol & Evolut, Canberra, ACT, Australia. [Domingos, Fabricius M. C. B.] Univ Fed Parana, Dept Zool, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil. [Werneck, Fernanda P.] Inst Nacl de Pesquisas da Amazonia, Coordenacao Biodiversidade, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. [Colli, Guarino R.] Univ Brasilia, Dept Zool, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [Ledo, Roger M. D.] Inst Fed Educ Ciencia & Tecnol Brasilia, Samambaia, DF, Brazil. [Fonseca, Emanuel M.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Evolut Ecol & Organismal Biol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Garda, Adrian A.] Univ Fed Rio Grande do Norte, Dept Bot & Zool, Natal, RN, Brazil. [Tucker, Derek] Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Tempe, AZ USA. [Sites, Jack W., Jr.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Biol, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Sites, Jack W., Jr.] Brigham Young Univ, ML Bean Life Sci Museum, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Breitman, Maria F.] Univ Missouri, Dept Biol, 8001 Nat Bridge Rd, St Louis, MO 63121 USA. [Soares, Flavia; Giugliano, Lilian G.] Univ Brasilia, Dept Genet & Morfol, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [Werneck, Fernanda P.] Harvard Univ, Museum Comparat Biol, Dept Organism & Evolutionary Biol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Sites, Jack W., Jr.] Austin Peay State Univ, Dept Biol, Clarksville, TN 37044 USA. RP Fenker, J (reprint author), Australian Natl Univ, Div Ecol & Evolut, Canberra, ACT, Australia. EM jessica.fenker@anu.edu.au RI Colli, Guarino Rinaldi/A-5368-2008 OI Colli, Guarino Rinaldi/0000-0002-2628-5652; Fenker, Jessica/0000-0002-7430-3886 FU Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel SuperiorCAPES [88881.169862/2018-0]; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e TecnologicoNational Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) [425571/2018-1, 305535/20170, 310942/2018-7, 206958/2017-0, 431433/2016-0]; FAPEAM [062.00665/2015, 062.01110/2017]; PEER NAS; USAIDUnited States Agency for International Development (USAID) [AID-OAA-A-11-00012]; L'Oreal-UNESCO For Women In Science Program FX Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior, Grant/Award Number: 88881.169862/2018-0; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico, Grant/Award Number: 425571/2018-1, 305535/20170, (#310942/2018-7, 206958/2017-0 and 431433/2016-0; FAPEAM, Grant/Award Number: 062.00665/2015 and 062.01110/2017; PEER NAS; USAID, Grant/Award Number: AID-OAA-A-11-00012; L'Oreal-UNESCO For Women In Science Program NR 104 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0305-0270 EI 1365-2699 J9 J BIOGEOGR JI J. Biogeogr. DI 10.1111/jbi.13800 EA JAN 2020 PG 13 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography GA KF5GW UT WOS:000509271400001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Corkery, I Irwin, S Quinn, JL Keating, U Lusby, J O'Halloran, J AF Corkery, I. Irwin, S. Quinn, J. L. Keating, U. Lusby, J. O'Halloran, J. TI Changes in forest cover result in a shift in bird community composition SO JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY LA English DT Article; Early Access DE abundance; afforestation; bird communities; composition; forest cover; land cover; latent dirichlet allocation; threshold cover ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; ECOLOGICAL THRESHOLDS; PLANTATION FORESTS; HABITAT LOSS; LAND-USE; BIODIVERSITY; AFFORESTATION; GRASSLANDS; DIVERSITY; SCENARIOS AB Determining the extent of land-use change that can be tolerated by wildlife communities is crucial for effective conservation management. Recent landscape-scale studies have found increasing evidence for critical threshold levels of forest cover, after which the existing communities of plants and animals are negatively impacted. This is particularly true when plantation forests replace native vegetation. We used large datasets (Irish Bird Atlas and Forest Inventory) and a novel method, Latent Dirichlet Allocation, to model changes in bird community composition along the existing forest cover gradient in Ireland and evaluated the degree of spatial overlap between birds of conservation concern and areas of recent afforestation. We found that as we approach 35% forest cover in the landscape one community of birds replaces another as the dominant community. The highest levels of recent afforestation overlapped with areas of high numbers of birds of conservation concern. This means that habitat change is occurring in the areas with highest bird diversity. This finding has policy implications for the design of land-use policies, such as those on afforestation and forest expansion. It can be used to ensure plantation forests are planted in the right place to minimise impact on biodiversity values; that is, practitioners need to consider the level of forest already present in an area as well as the level of biodiversity in the area when selecting areas for afforestation. C1 [Corkery, I.; Irwin, S.; Quinn, J. L.; Keating, U.; O'Halloran, J.] Univ Coll Cork, Sch Biol Earth & Environm Sci, Cork, Ireland. [Lusby, J.] Birdwatch Ireland, Bullford Business Campus, Kilcoole, Wicklow, Ireland. RP Corkery, I (reprint author), Univ Coll Cork, Sch Biol Earth & Environm Sci, Cork, Ireland. EM ilse.corkery@gmail.com FU Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine FX Bird Atlas 2007-2011 is a joint project of the British Trust for Ornithology, BirdWatch Ireland and the Scottish Ornithologists' Club. We thank all of the dedicated observers who have taken part in these surveys, which provided the data on which these analyses are based. We would also like to thank Brian Caffrey (BWI) for extracting and making available the atlas data. Thank you to the surveyors who assisted in the field research, Chris Benson, Brian Caffrey, Colin Gallagher, Tony Kenneally, Christopher Meehan, Tony Nagle, Michael O'Clery, Barry O'Mahony and Pat Smiddy. We thank the Forest Service for providing the planting data. This work was part of a larger study (ADAPT: Avian Diversity and Afforestation Planning Tools) funded by the Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine. We are very grateful for comments provided by Dr Jim Radford and one anonymous reviewer which greatly improved the final manuscript. NR 59 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0952-8369 EI 1469-7998 J9 J ZOOL JI J. Zool. DI 10.1111/jzo.12757 EA JAN 2020 PG 9 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA KF5EX UT WOS:000509266200001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Pintar, MR Resetarits, WJ AF Pintar, Matthew R. Resetarits, William J., Jr. TI A comparison of aquatic and semiaquatic Heteroptera (Hemiptera) inhabiting natural habitats and experimental mesocosms at the University of Mississippi Field Station SO AQUATIC INSECTS LA English DT Article; Early Access DE biodiversity; freshwater macroinvertebrates; Gerromorpha; Nepomorpha; Mississippi ID FRESH-WATER BIODIVERSITY; UNITED-STATES; NORTH; COLONIZATION; ECOREGIONS; ABUNDANCE; CHECKLIST; SELECTION; RECORDS AB Aquatic and semiaquatic Heteroptera (Hemiptera) in the infraorders Gerromorpha and Nepomorpha were collected from the University of Mississippi Field Station (UMFS) in north-central Mississippi from May 2014 until August 2019. UMFS encompasses over 200 ponds, springs, wetlands, and streams in the headwaters of the Little Tallahatchie River. We collected insects from mesocosm experiments and natural water bodies in order to survey and document the aquatic and semiaquatic Heteroptera of UMFS. A total of 20,304 individuals were collected representing 43 species in 20 genera and 10 families (Belostomatidae, Corixidae, Gerridae, Hebridae, Hydrometridae, Mesoveliidae, Naucoridae, Nepidae, Notonectidae, Veliidae). We compare mesocosms and natural water bodies in terms of species present and their abundances, and we also provide notes on the abundance, distribution, and habitats of some species, with new state records for three species. C1 [Pintar, Matthew R.] Univ Mississippi, Dept Biol, University, MS 38677 USA. Univ Mississippi, Ctr Water & Wetlands Resources, University, MS 38677 USA. Univ Mississippi, Ctr Conservat & Biodivers Res, University, MS 38677 USA. RP Pintar, MR (reprint author), Univ Mississippi, Dept Biol, University, MS 38677 USA. EM matthew.pintar@gmail.com OI Pintar, Matthew/0000-0003-0165-3882 FU University of Mississippi; Henry L. and Grace Doherty Foundation; University of Mississippi Field Station FX The support was provided by the University of Mississippi, University of Mississippi Field Station, and the Henry L. and Grace Doherty Foundation. NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0165-0424 EI 1744-4152 J9 AQUAT INSECT JI Aquat. Insects DI 10.1080/01650424.2019.1710539 EA JAN 2020 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA KJ0RO UT WOS:000511765500001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Trung, HV Nguyen, TV Simioni, M AF Hung Vo Trung Thanh Viet Nguyen Simioni, Michel TI Willingness to pay for mangrove preservation in Xuan Thuy National Park, Vietnam: do household knowledge and interest play a role? SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS AND POLICY LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Mangrove preservation; environmental services valuation; contingent valuation; double-bounded discrete choice; Xuan Thuy National Park; vietnam ID CONTINGENT VALUATION METHOD; CLIMATE-CHANGE; WATER; RESTORATION; CONTEXT AB Xuan Thuy National Park, a special nature reserve with mangrove swamps located in the Red River Delta in North Vietnam, plays an important role in combating coastal erosion and provides a habitat for many endangered bird species. This study applied double-bounded dichotomous choice contingent valuation method to directly estimate how much locals are willing to pay for mangrove conservation at Xuan Thuy National Park. In particular, the technique was used to provide better assess to the non-use value of biodiversity and ecosystem support of mangroves. Survey respondents from 350 households in the buffer zone were presented with a hypothetical scenario describing a policy that quantifies the environmental change to be achieved by 2030, and specifying a lump sum payment. Non-parametric estimate of mean WTP was found at 511,090 VND per household (22.03 USD) whereas parametric estimate of mean WTP derived from the log-logistic specification was found at 619,908 VND (26.73 USD) per household. Awareness of mangrove benefit and interest in conservation activities have a positive impact on WTP responses, in addition to income. The findings will help policy-makers adopt sound environmental policies and advise locals on the importance of protecting the mangroves which in turn protect their livelihoods. C1 [Hung Vo Trung] Thu Dau Mot Univ, Fac Econ, Thu Dau Mot, Vietnam. [Hung Vo Trung; Simioni, Michel] Univ Montpellier, INRA, MOISA, Montpellier, France. [Thanh Viet Nguyen] Vietnam Natl Univ, VNU Int Sch, Dept Social Sci Econ & Management, Bldg G7-G8,144 Xuan Thuy St, Hanoi, Vietnam. RP Nguyen, TV (reprint author), Vietnam Natl Univ, VNU Int Sch, Dept Social Sci Econ & Management, Bldg G7-G8,144 Xuan Thuy St, Hanoi, Vietnam. EM thanhmpa@gmail.com OI Viet Nguyen, Thanh/0000-0001-5829-6965 FU Vietnam National Foundation for Science and Technology Development (NAFOSTED)National Foundation for Science & Technology Development (NAFOSTED) [502.01-2018.20] FX This research is funded by Vietnam National Foundation for Science and Technology Development (NAFOSTED) under grant number 502.01-2018.20. NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 2160-6544 EI 2160-6552 J9 J ENVIRON ECON POLIC JI J. Environ. Econ. Policy DI 10.1080/21606544.2020.1716854 EA JAN 2020 PG 19 WC Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KF2NN UT WOS:000509084800001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Vasicek, J Kovac, M Balazi, A Kulikova, B Tomkova, M Olexikova, L Curlej, J Bauer, M Schnabl, S Hilgarth, M Hubmann, R Shehata, M Makarevich, AV Chrenek, P AF Vasicek, Jaromir Kovac, Michal Balazi, Andrej Kulikova, Barbora Tomkova, Maria Olexikova, Lucia Curlej, Jozef Bauer, Miroslav Schnabl, Susanne Hilgarth, Martin Hubmann, Rainer Shehata, Medhat Makarevich, Alexander V. Chrenek, Peter TI Combined approach for characterization and quality assessment of rabbit bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells intended for gene banking SO NEW BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Environmental Engineering and Management (ICEEM) CY SEP 06-09, 2017 CL Alma Mater Studorium Univ Bologna, Bologna, ITALY SP Gheorghe Asachi Tech Univ Iasi, Dept Environm Engn, Romanian Acad HO Alma Mater Studorium Univ Bologna DE Rabbit; MSCs; Flow cytometry; PCR; TEM; Cryopreservation ID OSTEOGENIC DIFFERENTIATION; PROGENITOR CELLS; FETAL ADNEXA; EXPRESSION; FLUID; BLOOD; CRYOPRESERVATION; IDENTIFICATION; ESTABLISHMENT; TISSUE AB Rabbit mesenchymal stem cells (rMSCs) are promising agents for the preservation of genetic biodiversity in domestic rabbit breeds. However, rMSCs must meet certain requirements to be used for cryopreservation in animal gene banks. Currently, there are numerous discrepancies in the published data regarding the rMSC phenotype, which may complicate efforts to evaluate their purity and suitability for reuse after cryopreservation in gene and tissue banks. We propose a combined approach (flow cytometry, PCR, differentiation and ultrastructure studies) for the characterization and recovery of rMSCs after cryopreservation. Flow cytometric analyses of rMSCs confirmed the expression of CD29, CD44, vimentin, desmin and alpha-SMA. RT-PCR revealed the expression of other markers at the mRNA level (SSEA-4, CD73, CD90, CD105, CD146 and CD166). rMSCs showed efficient multilineage differentiation into adipo-, chondro- and osteogenic lineages, SOX2 expression (pluripotency) and typical MSC morphology and ultrastructure. The confirmed rMSCs were subsequently used for cryopreservation. Efficient recovery of rMSCs after cryogenic freezing was demonstrated by high cell viability, normal ultrastructure of reseeded rMSCs, high expression of CD29 and CD44 and lineage differentiation capacity. The proposed combined approach could be used for characterization, cryopreservation and recovery of rMSCs as genetic resources for native rabbit breeds. C1 [Vasicek, Jaromir; Balazi, Andrej; Kulikova, Barbora; Olexikova, Lucia; Bauer, Miroslav; Makarevich, Alexander V.; Chrenek, Peter] NPPC Res Inst Anim Prod Nitra, Hlohovecka 2, Luzianky 95141, Slovakia. [Vasicek, Jaromir] Slovak Univ Agr, Res Ctr AgroBioTech, Tr A Hlinku 2, Nitra 94976, Slovakia. [Vasicek, Jaromir; Kovac, Michal; Tomkova, Maria; Curlej, Jozef; Chrenek, Peter] Slovak Univ Agr, Fac Biotechnol & Food Sci, Tr A Hlinku 2, Nitra 94976, Slovakia. [Bauer, Miroslav] Constantine Philosopher Univ Nitra, Fac Nat Sci, Nabrezie Mladeze 91, Nitra 94974, Slovakia. [Schnabl, Susanne; Hilgarth, Martin; Hubmann, Rainer; Shehata, Medhat] Med Univ Vienna, Div Haematol & Haemostaseol, Internal Med 1, Drug & Target Screening Unit DTSU, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. [Chrenek, Peter] UTP Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Anim Breeding & Biol, Mazowiecka 28, PL-85084 Bydgoszcz, Poland. RP Vasicek, J (reprint author), NPPC Res Inst Anim Prod Nitra, Inst Farm Anim Genet & Reprod, Hlohovecka 2, Luzianky 95141, Slovakia. EM j.vasicek@vuzv.sk RI Vasicek, Jaromir/S-8577-2019; Bauer, Miroslav/AAC-2769-2020 OI Vasicek, Jaromir/0000-0003-4144-8584; Olexikova, Lucia/0000-0002-8420-5745 FU Slovak Research and Development AgencySlovak Research and Development Agency [APVV-14-0043, APVV-14-0348]; Scientific Grant Agency [VEGA 1/0611/15, VEGA 1/0160/18]; Cultural and Educational Grant Agency of the Ministry of Education, Science, Research and Sport of the Slovak Republic [KEGA 026SPU-4/2018]; Slovak Academy of Sciences [KEGA 026SPU-4/2018]; Research Centre AgroBioTech; project Building Research Centre "AgroBioTech" [ITMS 26220220180] FX This work was supported by the Slovak Research and Development Agency [grant no. APVV-14-0043 and GN1 APVV-14-0348], by the S GN1 cientific Grant Agency [grant no. VEGA 1/0611/15 and GN2 VEGA 1/0160/18] and C GN2 ultural and Educational Grant Agency of the Ministry of Education, Science, Research and Sport of the Slovak Republic and the Slovak Academy of Sciences [grant no. KEGA 026SPU-4/2018]. This work was also supported by the Research Centre AgroBioTech built in accordance with the project Building Research Centre "AgroBioTech" ITMS 26220220180. NR 57 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 70 U2 70 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1871-6784 EI 1876-4347 J9 NEW BIOTECHNOL JI New Biotech. PD JAN 25 PY 2020 VL 54 BP 1 EP 12 DI 10.1016/j.nbt.2019.08.001 PG 12 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA IZ3XJ UT WOS:000487018600001 PM 31400479 OA Bronze DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Rosso, A Di Martino, E Gerovasileiou, V AF Rosso, A. Di Martino, E. Gerovasileiou, V TI Revision of the genus Setosella (Bryozoa: Cheilostomata) with description of new species from deep-waters and submarine caves of the Mediterranean Sea SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE Taxonomy; Recent; Cenozoic; Ionian Sea; Aegean Sea; Tyrrhenian Sea; Setosellidae ID COMPARATIVE ANATOMY; CORAL PROVINCE; DIVERSITY; BIODIVERSITY; ATLANTIC; PATTERNS; ISLAND; BANK AB The genus Setosella included to date six species. After revision, only four of these species were retained, i.e. S. vulnerata, S. cavernicola, S. folini and S. spiralis. The remaining two species were tentatively placed in Woodipora, W? antilleana n. comb., andAndreella, A.? fragilis n. comb. On the other hand, scanning electron microscopy examination of Mediterranean material, revealed the presence of three new species previously included in species complexes: S. cyclopensis n. sp. from the open-shelf, S. rossanae n. sp. from submarine caves, and S. alfioi n. sp. from deep-waters. The diagnosis of the genus was amended to include the occurrence of kenozooids in S. cyclopensis n. sp. and S. cavernicola, and of free-living ring- shaped and scorpioid colonies in S. folini and S. alfioi n. sp. All the seven species n low in Setosella have present- day representatives; the geographic distribution of the genus lsinian of southern Italy and insular Greece, with only three species occasionally and discontinuously reported. All species are able to produce numerous, subsequent intramural buds and morphological differences seem to be consistently associated with exploitation of particular habitats and substrata. C1 [Rosso, A.] Universitet Catania, Dipartimento Sci Biol Geol & Ambientali, Corso Italia 57, I-95129 Catania, Italy. [Rosso, A.] URL Catania, CoNISMa Consorzio Nazl Interuniv Sci Mare, Catania, Italy. [Di Martino, E.] Univ Oslo, Nat Hist Museum, POB 1172, N-0318 Oslo, Norway. [Gerovasileiou, V] Hellen Ctr Marine Res, Inst Marine Biol Biotechnol & Aquaculture, Iraklion 71500, Crete, Greece. RP Rosso, A (reprint author), Universitet Catania, Dipartimento Sci Biol Geol & Ambientali, Corso Italia 57, I-95129 Catania, Italy.; Rosso, A (reprint author), URL Catania, CoNISMa Consorzio Nazl Interuniv Sci Mare, Catania, Italy. EM rosso@unict.it; e.d.martino@nhm.uio.no; vgerovas@hcmr.gr FU MIUR (PRIN Projects)Ministero dell' Istruzione, dell' Universita e della Ricerca (MIUR); University of Catania; FIRB-APLABES Project; Research Funding Programme Heracleitus II: Investing in knowledge society (EU Social Fund); Research Funding Programme Heracleitus II: Investing in knowledge society (Greek national funds); University of Catania "Piano per la Ricerca 2016-2018" [22722132118] FX Alfio Viola (Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali, Universita di Catania) provided SEM assistance. Bjorn Berning (Oberosterreichisches Landesmuseum, Leonding, Austria) and Leslie Siscinski (Ithaca Museum, NY, USA) provided SEM images of the lectotype of S. vulnerata and the holotype of W.? antilleana, respectively. Pierre Lozouet (Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, France) examined the type series of S. cavernicola and provided images of the holotype and of two additional specimens in the type series. Sabine Stohr (Swedish Museum of Natural History) kindly arranged the loan of the type specimen of S. spiralis. Andrew N. Ostrovsky (Saint Petersburg State University and University of Vienna) and two anonymous reviewers provided constructive criticisms on the originally submitted manuscript. People helping with the collection of present-day and Holocene material include: the divers Marcello Catra (University of Catania), Riccardo Leonardi (University of Catania), and Vincenzo Di Martino (ISAFOM, CNR, Catania Unit); the commanders, crews and research participants of all cruises: "Minerva" ENEA-CNR; "Ammiraglio Magnaghi", Marina Militare Italiana (EOCUMM); Universitatis, CoNISMa (APLABES); Lachea, University of Catania, for PS/81 and Ustica cruises; Marenostrum for the Ciclopi 2000 cruise. The collection of samples was funded by grants to A. Rosso and I. Di Geronimo by MIUR (PRIN Projects), the University of Catania and the FIRB-APLABES Project. Sampling in Lesvos caves was funded by the Research Funding Programme Heracleitus II: Investing in knowledge society (EU Social Fund and Greek national funds). Additional funds were provided by the University of Catania "Piano per la Ricerca 2016-2018" to A. Rosso, n. 22722132118. This is the contribution n. 454 of the Catania Palaeontological Research Group. NR 84 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD JAN 24 PY 2020 VL 4728 IS 4 BP 401 EP 442 DI 10.11646/zootaxa.4728.4.1 PG 42 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA KH2PL UT WOS:000510489700001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Hiremath, SR AF Hiremath, S. R. TI First report of the genus Longipalpus Montrouzier, 1861 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Cerambycinae) from India with the description of a new species SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE Biodiversity hotspot; longhorned beetle; Oriental Region; taxonomy; Western Ghats AB Longipalpus palodensis sp. nov. (Cerambycidae: Cerambycinae: Obriini) is described and illustrated from India. Life history information is also provided. This is the first report of the genus from India. C1 [Hiremath, S. R.] Kerala Agr Univ, Dept Agr Entomol, Vellayani PO, Trivandrum 695522, Kerala, India. RP Hiremath, SR (reprint author), Kerala Agr Univ, Dept Agr Entomol, Vellayani PO, Trivandrum 695522, Kerala, India. EM sangu3711@gmail.com NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD JAN 24 PY 2020 VL 4728 IS 4 BP 453 EP 460 DI 10.11646/zootaxa.4728.4.3 PG 8 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA KH2PL UT WOS:000510489700003 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Gollner, S Govenar, B Arbizu, PM Mullineaux, LS Mills, S Le Bris, N Weinbauer, M Shank, TM Bright, M AF Gollner, Sabine Govenar, Breea Arbizu, Pedro Martinez Mullineaux, Lauren S. Mills, Susan Le Bris, Nadine Weinbauer, Markus Shank, Timothy M. Bright, Monika TI Animal Community Dynamics at Senescent and Active Vents at the 9 degrees N East Pacific Rise After a Volcanic Eruption SO FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE senescent vent; biodiversity; volcanic eruption; recovery; meiofauna; macrofaunal; deep-sea mining ID SEA HYDROTHERMAL VENTS; DEEP-SEA; HARPACTICOID COPEPODS; MUSSEL BEDS; RIDGE; DISTRIBUTIONS; SUCCESSION; DIVERSITY; MEGAFAUNA; TRANSPORT AB In 2005/2006, a major volcanic eruption buried faunal communities over a large area of the 9 degrees N East Pacific Rise (EPR) vent field. In late 2006, we initiated colonization studies at several types of post eruption vent communities including those that either survived the eruption, re-established after the eruption, or arisen at new sites. Some of these vents were active whereas others appeared senescent. Although the spatial scale of non-paved (surviving) vent communities was small (several m(2) compared to several km(2) of total paved area), the remnant individuals at surviving active and senescent vent sites may be important for recolonization. A total of 46 meio- and macrofauna species were encountered at non-paved areas with 33 of those species detected were also present at new sites in 2006. The animals living at non-paved areas represent refuge populations that could act as source populations for new vent sites directly after disturbance. Remnants may be especially important for the meiofauna, where many taxa have limited or no larval dispersal. Meiofauna may reach new vent sites predominantly via migration from local refuge areas, where a reproductive and abundant meiofauna is thriving. These findings are important to consider in any potential future deep-sea mining scenario at deep-sea hydrothermal vents. Within our 4-year study period, we regularly observed vent habitats with tubeworm assemblages that became senescent and died, as vent fluid emissions locally stopped at patches within active vent sites. Senescent vents harbored a species rich mix of typical vent species as well as rare yet undescribed species. The senescent vents contributed significantly to diversity at the 9 degrees N EPR with 55 macrofaunal species (11 singletons) and 74 meiofaunal species (19 singletons). Of these 129 species associated with senescent vents, 60 have not been reported from active vents. Tubeworms and other vent megafauna not only act as foundation species when alive but provide habitat also when dead, sustaining abundant and diverse small sized fauna. C1 [Gollner, Sabine] Royal Netherlands Inst Sea Res, Ocean Syst, Den Burg, Netherlands. [Gollner, Sabine] Univ Utrecht, Den Burg, Netherlands. [Govenar, Breea] Rhode Isl Coll, Biol Dept, Providence, RI 02908 USA. [Arbizu, Pedro Martinez] Senckenberg Meer, German Ctr Marine Biodivers Res, Wilhelmshaven, Germany. [Mullineaux, Lauren S.; Mills, Susan; Shank, Timothy M.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Biol Dept, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Le Bris, Nadine] Sorbonne Univ, CNRS, Lab Ecogeochim Environm Benth, Banyuls Sur Mer, France. [Weinbauer, Markus] Sorbonne Univ, CNRS, Lab Oceanog Villefranche, Villefranche Sur Mer, France. [Bright, Monika] Univ Vienna, Dept Funct & Evolutionary Ecol, Vienna, Austria. RP Gollner, S (reprint author), Royal Netherlands Inst Sea Res, Ocean Syst, Den Burg, Netherlands.; Gollner, S (reprint author), Univ Utrecht, Den Burg, Netherlands. EM sabine.gollner@nioz.nl FU Austrian FWFAustrian Science Fund (FWF) [P20190-B17]; U.S. National Science FoundationNational Science Foundation (NSF) [OCE-0327261, OCE-0937395, OCE-0424953, OCE-1356738]; European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under the MIDAS project [603418]; Deep Ocean Exploration Institute at WHOI (United States) FX We received funding from the Austrian FWF (GrantP20190-B17; MB), the U.S. National Science Foundation (OCE-0424953; to LM, D. McGillicuddy, A. Thurnherr, J. Ledwell, and W. Lavelle; and OCE-1356738 to LM), and the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under the MIDAS project, Grant Agreement No. 603418. Ifremer and CNRS (France) supported NL cruise participation and sensor developments. BG was supported by a postdoctoral fellowship from the Deep Ocean Exploration Institute at WHOI (United States). TS was supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation (OCE-0327261 to TS and OCE-0937395 to TS and BG). NR 67 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FRONTIERS MEDIA SA PI LAUSANNE PA AVENUE DU TRIBUNAL FEDERAL 34, LAUSANNE, CH-1015, SWITZERLAND EI 2296-7745 J9 FRONT MAR SCI JI Front. Mar. Sci. PD JAN 24 PY 2020 VL 6 AR 832 DI 10.3389/fmars.2019.00832 PG 18 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA KF9JS UT WOS:000509557600001 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Dempsey, J Martin, TG Sumaila, UR AF Dempsey, Jessica Martin, Tara G. Sumaila, U. Rashid TI Subsidizing extinction? SO CONSERVATION LETTERS LA English DT Article; Early Access DE biodiversity loss; conservation finance; conservation policy; harmful economic incentives; indirect drivers; subsidies AB In 2010 world governments agreed to eliminate, phase out or reform incentives that harm biodiversity by 2020. Yet few governments have even identified such incentives, never mind taking action on them. While some subsidies are well studied, such as in fisheries and fossil fuel production, there is an urgent need for the conservation community to study the potential effects a broader array of subsidies have on biodiversity. In addition, we need a better understanding of who benefits from these subsidies. We term this pursuit 'subsidy accountability', which is crucial but challenging work crossing disciplines and government ministries. It requires ecologists, forensic accountants, and policy wonks, calculating and forecasting the positive and negative effects of subsidies and their elimination on biodiversity and vulnerable human populations. The Intergovernmental Panel for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services recently concluded that action on biodiversity loss requires transformative economic change; true action on subsidies is one step towards such change. C1 [Dempsey, Jessica] Univ British Columbia, Dept Geog, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. [Martin, Tara G.] Univ British Columbia, Fac Forestry, Dept Forest & Conservat Sci, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Sumaila, U. Rashid] Univ British Columbia, Inst Oceans & Fisheries, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Sumaila, U. Rashid] Univ British Columbia, Sch Policy & Global Affairs, Vancouver, BC, Canada. RP Dempsey, J (reprint author), Univ British Columbia, Dept Geog, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. EM Jessica.dempsey@geog.ubc.ca FU Social Sciences andHumanitiesResearch Council of CanadaSocial Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada (SSHRC) [435-2018-0315] FX Social Sciences andHumanitiesResearch Council of Canada, Grant/AwardNumber: 435-2018-0315 NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1755-263X J9 CONSERV LETT JI Conserv. Lett. AR e12705 DI 10.1111/conl.12705 EA JAN 2020 PG 3 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA KF0PN UT WOS:000508953900001 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Sowa, A Krodkiewska, M AF Sowa, Agnieszka Krodkiewska, Mariola TI Impact of secondary salinisation on the structure and diversity of oligochaete communities SO KNOWLEDGE AND MANAGEMENT OF AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Oligochaeta; salinity gradient; anthropogenic water bodies; biodiversity ID FRESH-WATER OLIGOCHAETA; UPPER SILESIA REGION; MACROINVERTEBRATE COMMUNITIES; ANTHROPOGENIC SALINIZATION; HABITAT PREFERENCES; BIOLOGICAL TRAITS; SUBSIDENCE PONDS; BENTHIC FAUNA; 1ST RECORD; ANNELIDA AB Secondary salinisation has become one of the most important factors responsible for changes in the aquatic biota. Earlier research has focused on macroinvertebrates including oligochaetes in anthropogenically saline rivers and streams, but studies on oligochaetes in anthropogenically saline stagnant waters remain scarce. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess changes in the species composition as well as the abundance and biomass of oligochaete communities along a large salinity gradient in the anthropogenic inland water bodies located in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (Southern Poland), which is one of the largest coal basins in Europe. Herein, a total of 27 oligochaete species including five alien species were assessed, namely, Potamothrix bavaricus, Potamothrix hammoniensis, Potamothrix moldaviensis, Psammoryctides albicola, and Psammoryctides barbatus. The results confirmed that the freshwater oligochaetes could tolerate elevated water salinity and showed highest densities and taxa richness in intermediate salinity. Moreover, the waters with the highest salinity had an extremely low number of oligochaete species. A salinity level above 2800 mg L-1 led to significant loss of diversity of the oligochaetes, and consequently, these habitats were colonized by halotolerant species, especially Paranais litoralis, whose abundance increased with increasing salinity gradient. C1 [Sowa, Agnieszka; Krodkiewska, Mariola] Univ Silesia, Fac Nat Sci, Inst Biol Biotechnol & Environm Protect, Bankowa 9, PL-40007 Katowice, Poland. RP Sowa, A (reprint author), Univ Silesia, Fac Nat Sci, Inst Biol Biotechnol & Environm Protect, Bankowa 9, PL-40007 Katowice, Poland. EM agsowa@us.edu.pl OI Krodkiewska, Mariola/0000-0003-1323-4239 NR 117 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1961-9502 J9 KNOWL MANAG AQUAT EC JI Knowl. Manag. Aquat. Ecosyst. PD JAN 24 PY 2020 IS 421 AR 6 DI 10.1051/kmae/2019049 PG 14 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA KF5AW UT WOS:000509255700001 OA DOAJ Gold, Green Published DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Santos, AD Sales, PCL Ribeiro, DB Silva, PRR AF Santos, Andreia de Carvalho Lima Sales, Paulo Cesar Ribeiro, Danilo Bandini Ramalho Silva, Paulo Roberto TI Habitat conversion affects beta diversity in frugivorous butterfly assemblages SO STUDIES ON NEOTROPICAL FAUNA AND ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Bioindicator; dry forests; protected natural areas ID FRUIT-FEEDING BUTTERFLIES; HUMAN-MODIFIED LANDSCAPES; ATLANTIC FOREST; COMMUNITY COMPOSITION; SPECIES RICHNESS; RAIN-FOREST; DRY FORESTS; BIODIVERSITY; ABUNDANCE; SEASONALITY AB Tropical dry forests are diverse ecosystems that are globally threatened but are rarely protected. The main threat to this habitat is conversion for agricultural use. Here we evaluate the effects of environmental conversion, comparing patterns of beta diversity of butterflies in unconverted dry forest ecosystems (protected areas) and in agroecosystems (sugarcane and pasture). Butterflies were collected for 720 traps/day in 2018, using baited traps. Contrary to expectations, temporal beta diversity in sugarcane was higher than in forests. Nevertheless, the community in sugarcane contained mainly generalist species and its temporal dissimilarity was driven mainly by differences in species abundance. As expected, the spatial beta diversity between forest ecosystems and agroecosystems was high. Environmental conversion led to species loss, affecting mainly specialist species, which are more restricted to forest habitats, and resulted in a high degree of nesting of communities in agroecosystems. Our results emphasize the conservation value of protected natural areas and the importance of maintaining such areas as an essential strategy for conserving biodiversity. C1 [Santos, Andreia de Carvalho; Ramalho Silva, Paulo Roberto] Univ Fed Piaui, Dept Fitotecnia, Teresina, Brazil. [Lima Sales, Paulo Cesar] Univ Fed Piaui, Dept Biol, Picos, Brazil. [Ribeiro, Danilo Bandini] Univ Fed Mato Grosso do Sul, Inst Biociencias, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil. RP Santos, AD (reprint author), Univ Fed Piaui, Dept Fitotecnia, Teresina, Brazil. EM andreiaecologa@gmail.com FU Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Piaui (FAPEPI) FX We thank the Paulo Gomes, Felipe Tote, Layane Chaves, Macedo Junior, Celso, Inacio Meneses, Andre Pryjma, Marcus Briozo, and Matheus Pinheiro for their help during fieldwork. We thank the Andre Victor Lucci Freitas for his help in identifying the species. We thank the managers of the forest reserve, pasture, and sugarcane plantations for authorization to perform this work, the Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservacao da Biodiversidade (ICMBio) for the collection license (49965393), and the Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Piaui (FAPEPI) for financial support. NR 61 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0165-0521 EI 1744-5140 J9 STUD NEOTROP FAUNA E JI Stud. Neotrop. Fauna Environ. DI 10.1080/01650521.2019.1710335 EA JAN 2020 PG 13 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA KF7UZ UT WOS:000509445400001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU FitzSimmons, NN Pittard, SD McIntyre, N Jensen, MP Guinea, M Hamann, M Kennett, R Leis, B Limpus, CJ Limpus, DJ McCann, MJ MacDonald, AJ McFarlane, G Parmenter, CJ Pendoley, K Prince, RT Scheltinga, L Theissinger, K Tucker, AD Waayers, D Whiting, A Whiting, S AF FitzSimmons, Nancy N. Pittard, Stewart D. McIntyre, Nathan Jensen, Michael P. Guinea, Mick Hamann, Mark Kennett, Rod Leis, Brett Limpus, Colin J. Limpus, Duncan J. McCann, Megan J. MacDonald, Anna J. McFarlane, Glenn Parmenter, C. John Pendoley, Kellie Prince, Robert T. Scheltinga, Leigh Theissinger, Kathrin Tucker, Anton D. Waayers, David Whiting, Andrea Whiting, Scott TI Phylogeography, genetic stocks, and conservation implications for an Australian endemic marine turtle SO AQUATIC CONSERVATION-MARINE AND FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEMS LA English DT Article; Early Access DE biodiversity; coastal; genetics; island; reptiles ID EFFECTIVE POPULATION-SIZE; GREAT-BARRIER-REEF; FLATBACK TURTLE; CHELONIA-MYDAS; NATATOR-DEPRESSUS; SEA-TURTLE; GLOBAL PHYLOGEOGRAPHY; HAWKSBILL TURTLES; MANAGEMENT UNITS; MITOCHONDRIAL AB Identification of the geographic extent of population boundaries, the distribution of genetic lineages, and the amount of genetic exchange among breeding groups is needed for effective conservation of vulnerable marine migratory species. This is particularly true of the flatback turtle (Natator depressus), which only breeds in Australia but has extensive migrations that can include international waters. This study investigated the phylogeography and genetic structure among 17 flatback turtle rookeries across their range by sequencing an 810 bp portion of the mitochondrial DNA in 889 samples and genotyping 10 microsatellite loci in 598 samples. There was low phylogenetic divergence among haplotypes and evidence of recent population expansion, likely in the late Pleistocene. A predominant haplotype was found across all rookeries, but other haplotype groups were regionally specific. In general, there was agreement in patterns of genetic differentiation in the mitochondrial DNA and microsatellite data, and in some pairwise comparisons a higher mutation rate of microsatellites provided stronger evidence of differentiation. These results suggest natal philopatry operates in the choice of breeding locations for males as well as females. Evidence of genetic connectivity among neighbouring rookeries led to the identification of seven genetic stocks. Geographic boundaries of rookeries used by genetic stocks varied widely (160-1,300 km), highlighting a need for field studies to better understand movement patterns. Hierarchical analysis of molecular variance identified significant genetic differentiation based upon genetic stock, nesting phenology (summer vs. winter nesters), and a west-east discontinuity across Torres Strait. A pattern of isolation by distance was identified, which was most strongly observed in the microsatellite data. In combination with tagging and telemetry studies, these results will allow better quantification of stock-specific threats along migratory routes and in foraging habitats. Implications of climate change will be stock specific and may depend upon the extent of genetic connectivity between neighbouring stocks. C1 [FitzSimmons, Nancy N.; McIntyre, Nathan] Griffith Univ, Australian Rivers Inst, Nathan, Qld, Australia. [Pittard, Stewart D.; Jensen, Michael P.; McCann, Megan J.; MacDonald, Anna J.; Theissinger, Kathrin] Univ Canberra, Inst Appl Ecol, Bruce, ACT, Australia. [Pittard, Stewart D.; Guinea, Mick] Charles Darwin Univ, Res Inst Environm & Livelihoods, Darwin, NT, Australia. [Jensen, Michael P.] Aalborg Univ, Dept Chem & Biosci, Aalborg, Denmark. [Hamann, Mark] James Cook Univ, Coll Sci & Engn, Townsville, Qld, Australia. [Kennett, Rod] Kakadu Natl Pk, Nat & Cultural Resource Management, Jabiru, NT, Australia. [Kennett, Rod] Questacon Natl Sci & Technol Ctr, King Edward Terrace, Parkes, ACT, Australia. [Leis, Brett] Southern Cross Univ, Marine Ecol Res Ctr Lismore, Lismore, NSW, Australia. [Leis, Brett] NSW Natl Pk & Wildlife Serv, Conservat Branch, Coffs Harbour, NSW, Australia. [Limpus, Colin J.; Limpus, Duncan J.] ESP, Dept Environm & Sci, Aquat Species Program, POB 2454, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. [McCann, Megan J.] Vancouver Fraser Port Author, 100 Pointe,999 Canada Pl, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [MacDonald, Anna J.] Australian Natl Univ, John Curtin Sch Med Res, Acton, ACT, Australia. [McFarlane, Glenn] Conservat Volunteers Australia, POB 2358, Darwin, NT, Australia. [Parmenter, C. John] Cent Queensland Univ, Sch Biol & Environm Sci, Rockhampton, Qld, Australia. [Pendoley, Kellie] Pendoley Environm, 12A Pitt Way, Booragoon, WA, Australia. [Prince, Robert T.; Tucker, Anton D.; Whiting, Scott] Marine Sci Program, Dept Biodivers Conservat & Attract, Sci & Conservat Div, 17 Dick Perry Ave, Kensington, WA, Australia. [Scheltinga, Leigh] Univ Queensland, Dept Zool & Entomol, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. [Theissinger, Kathrin] Univ Koblenz Landau, Inst Environm Sci, Fortstr 7, Landau, Germany. [Waayers, David] Imbricata Environm, 173 Fitzgerald St, Perth, WA, Australia. [Whiting, Andrea] Charles Darwin Univ, Sch Environm & Life Sci, Casuarina, NT, Australia. RP FitzSimmons, NN (reprint author), Griffith Univ, Australian Rivers Inst, Nathan, Qld, Australia. EM n.fitzsimmons@griffith.edu.au FU Western Australia Department of Biodiversity Conservation and Attractions [531MSP2015-1]; Australian Rivers Institute; Griffith UniversityGriffith University; Institute for Applied Ecology; University of Canberra FX Western Australia Department of Biodiversity Conservation and Attractions., Grant/Award Number: 531MSP2015-1; Australian Rivers Institute and Griffith University; Institute for Applied Ecology; University of Canberra NR 138 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1052-7613 EI 1099-0755 J9 AQUAT CONSERV JI Aquat. Conserv.-Mar. Freshw. Ecosyst. DI 10.1002/aqc.3270 EA JAN 2020 PG 21 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA KF2QK UT WOS:000509092300001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Carpes, RD Fernandes, DC Coelho, MGP Creed, JC Fleury, BG Garden, SJ Felzenszwalb, I AF Carpes, Raphael de Mello Fernandes, Daniele Correa Pinto Coelho, Marsen Garcia Creed, Joel Christopher Fleury, Beatriz Grosso Garden, Simon John Felzenszwalb, Israel TI Anti-inflammatory potential of invasive sun corals (Scleractinia: Tubastraea spp.) from Brazil: alternative use for management? SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article; Early Access DE aplysinopsin; marine natural products; NO inhibition; paw edemaoedema ID MARINE NATURAL-PRODUCTS; APLYSINOPSIN-TYPE ALKALOIDS; STONY CORAL; FAMILY DENDROPHYLLIIDAE; SECONDARY METABOLITES; MUSSISMILIA-HISPIDA; CUP CORALS; SPONGE; CYCLOOXYGENASE-2; ASSAY AB Aim The objective was to analyse the anti-inflammatory potential of the invasive coral species Tubastraea coccinea and Tubastraea tagusensis. Methods Methanolic extracts, fractions and synthesized compounds were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory ability, and their composition was elucidated through chemical analysis. Key findings The genus Tubastraea (Order Scleractinia, Family Dendrophylliidae) (known as sun corals) presents compounds with pharmacological value. The introduction of these azooxanthellate hard corals into Brazil, initially in Rio de Janeiro state, occurred through their fouling of oil and gas platforms from the Campos oil Basin. The two invasive species have successfully expanded along the Brazilian coast and threaten endemic species and biodiversity. The HPLC-MS and GC-MS data suggest the presence of aplysinopsin analogues (alkaloids). Anti-inflammatory activity was observed in all samples tested in in-vivo assays, especially in T. coccinea. The ethyl acetate fraction from this sample was more effective in in-vitro assays for anti-inflammatory activity. Depending on the concentration, this fraction showed cytotoxic responses. Conclusions These species have potential pharmacological use, and considering their invasive nature, this study presents a potential alternative use, which may enhance the management of this biological invasion. C1 [Carpes, Raphael de Mello; Felzenszwalb, Israel] Univ Estado Rio De Janeiro, Dept Biophys & Biometry, Lab Environm Mutagenesis, Blvd Vinte & Oito Setembro,87 FDS,Vila Isabel, BR-20551900 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. [Fernandes, Daniele Correa; Pinto Coelho, Marsen Garcia] Univ Estado Rio De Janeiro, Dept Biochem, Lab Appl Biochem & Biochem Prot & Nat Prod, Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. [Creed, Joel Christopher; Fleury, Beatriz Grosso] Univ Estado Rio De Janeiro, Dept Ecol, Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. [Garden, Simon John] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Inst Chem, Dept Organ Chem, Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. RP Felzenszwalb, I (reprint author), Univ Estado Rio De Janeiro, Dept Biophys & Biometry, Lab Environm Mutagenesis, Blvd Vinte & Oito Setembro,87 FDS,Vila Isabel, BR-20551900 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. EM uerj.felzen@gmail.com RI Creed, Joel/C-4764-2013 OI Creed, Joel/0000-0002-1722-0806; Felzenszwalb, Israel/0000-0003-1677-197X; Correa Fernandes, Daniele/0000-0001-5379-624X FU Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior - Brasil (CAPES)CAPES [001]; Fundacao Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ)Carlos Chagas Filho Foundation for Research Support of the State of Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ) [E-26/010.003031/2014, E-26/202.759/2017]; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq)National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) [302345/2017-5] FX The authors express their gratitude to Sun-Coral Project and Dra. Simone Oigman-Pszscol from Instituto Brasileiro de Biodiversidade (BrBio) that make this project possible. We also thank the help of Marcelo Mantelatto for field assistance. We are grateful to Dr. Marcelo Tapin from the Nucleo de Cromatografia I, Servico de Metodos Analiticos of Farmanguinhos/Fiocruz for GC/MS analysis and to Eduardo Matos from Centro de Espectrometria de Massas de Biomoleculas (CEMBIO) of Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, UFRJ for the HPLC analysis. This study was financed in part by the Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior - Brasil (CAPES) Finance Code 001, by the Fundacao Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ) through Grant No. E-26/010.003031/2014 and E-26/202.759/2017 and by the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq) Grant No. 302345/2017-5. This article is no. 35 from the Projeto Coral-Sol. NR 84 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-3573 EI 2042-7158 J9 J PHARM PHARMACOL JI J. Pharm. Pharmacol. DI 10.1111/jphp.13232 EA JAN 2020 PG 15 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA KF2WM UT WOS:000509108400001 PM 31981225 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU de Campos, MM Tritico, HM Girard, P Zeilhofer, P Hamilton, SK Fantin-Cruz, I AF de Campos, Marcel Medinas Tritico, Hans M. Girard, Pierre Zeilhofer, Peter Hamilton, Stephen K. Fantin-Cruz, Ibraim TI Predicted impacts of proposed hydroelectric facilities on fish migration routes upstream from the Pantanal wetland (Brazil) SO RIVER RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article; Early Access DE dams; fish migration; hydrologic fragmentation; Pantanal; small hydropower ID UPPER PARANA RIVER; GENETIC-STRUCTURE; SPAWNING HABITAT; ATLANTIC SALMON; MATO-GROSSO; ASTER GDEM; PASSAGE; HYDROPOWER; BIODIVERSITY; ASSEMBLAGE AB There are 104 hydroelectric facilities proposed to be installed in the watersheds that feed the Pantanal, a vast floodplain wetland located mostly in Brazil. The Pantanal is host to 23 long-distance migratory fish species that ascend upland tributaries to spawn. A Geographic Information System was used to predict the impact of hydroelectric dams on potential migration routes for these species. Both anthropogenic (hydroelectric dams) and natural barriers were included in the analysis. Natural barriers were identified by river slope. Critical river slopes of 10 and 25%, above which fish were predicted to be incapable of ascending, were modeled as natural barriers. Based on this model, we show that between 2 and 14% of rivers in the Pantanal watershed are naturally blocked to fish migration. An additional 5 to 9% of rivers are currently blocked due to 35 existing hydroelectric facilities. If all proposed dams are built, the area flooded by new reservoirs will triple and the river kilometers blocked will double, blocking 25 to 32% of the river system to fish migration. The Taquari and Cuiaba River sub-basins will be the most impacted, each having more than 70% of their rivers blocked. The impact of individual proposed facilities on the loss of migration routes is related to their proximity to existing barriers. Fourteen of the proposed dams are upstream from existing barriers and will therefore not further restrict long-distance fish migration routes while proposed dams are predicted to close an additional 11,000 to 12,000 km of river channels. C1 [de Campos, Marcel Medinas; Girard, Pierre; Zeilhofer, Peter; Fantin-Cruz, Ibraim] Univ Fed Mato Grosso, Cuiaba, Mato Grosso, Brazil. [Tritico, Hans M.] Univ Mt Union, Alliance, OH 44601 USA. [Hamilton, Stephen K.] Michigan State Univ, WK Kellogg Biol Stn, Dept Zool, Hickory Corners, MI 49060 USA. RP Tritico, HM (reprint author), Univ Mt Union, Alliance, OH 44601 USA. EM tritichm@mountunion.edu FU Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e TecnologicoNational Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) [435543/2018-0]; Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Mato Grosso [0249639/2017] FX Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico, Grant/Award Number: 435543/2018-0; Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Mato Grosso, Grant/Award Number: 0249639/2017 NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1535-1459 EI 1535-1467 J9 RIVER RES APPL JI River Res. Appl. DI 10.1002/rra.3588 EA JAN 2020 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA KF0ZV UT WOS:000508981600001 OA Other Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Atisa, G AF Atisa, George TI Policy adoption, legislative developments, and implementation: the resulting global differences among countries in the management of biological resources SO INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL AGREEMENTS-POLITICS LAW AND ECONOMICS LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Policy adoption; Legislative approaches; Country differences; Stakeholder participation; Biodiversity protection ID BIODIVERSITY AB Policy adoption and implementation depend on a wide range of considerations that include the level of stakeholder participation and the choice of top-down or bottom-up approaches. The existence of a stakeholder participation platform is often seen as critical to facilitate both adoption and implementation of international treaties. However, it may not automatically lead to improved policy outcomes or legislative effectiveness. This study compares countries with and without stakeholder participation platforms for policy implementation and assesses whether there are differences in their management of biological resources. The study had two goals: (1) examining the adoption and implementation of public policies and legislation at national and local levels within countries; and (2) analyzing the differences between countries that have developed stakeholder participation platforms for sustainable forest management. Data were obtained from the Global Forest Resources Assessment Report 2015 of the Food and Agricultural Organization. Cross-tabulation and independent sample t test findings show strong relationships at higher levels of government between countries, but weak relationships at local levels. Significant differences are observed at all levels. These results shed light on the severe challenges that governments face in adopting global environmental policies and passing them down to local levels for implementation. The study concludes that although excellent policies and regulations may exist, they often do not lead to significantly better outcomes at all levels of government. C1 [Atisa, George] Univ Texas Rio Grande Valley, Publ Affairs & Secur Studies, ELABN 229-225,1201 W Univ Dr, Edinburg, TX 78539 USA. RP Atisa, G (reprint author), Univ Texas Rio Grande Valley, Publ Affairs & Secur Studies, ELABN 229-225,1201 W Univ Dr, Edinburg, TX 78539 USA. EM george.atisa@utrgv.edu NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1567-9764 EI 1573-1553 J9 INT ENVIRON AGREEM-P JI Int. Environ. Agreem.-Polit. Law Econom. DI 10.1007/s10784-020-09467-7 EA JAN 2020 PG 19 WC Economics; Environmental Studies; Law; Political Science SC Business & Economics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Government & Law GA KF3EU UT WOS:000509130700001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Depauw, L Perring, MP Landuyt, D Maes, SL Blondeel, H De Lombaerde, E Brumelis, G Brunet, J Closset-Kopp, D Czerepko, J Decocq, G den Ouden, J Gawrys, R Hardtle, W Hedl, R Heinken, T Heinrichs, S Jaroszewicz, B Kopecky, M Liepina, I Macek, M Malis, F Schmidt, W Smart, SM Ujhazy, K Wulf, M Verheyen, K AF Depauw, Leen Perring, Michael P. Landuyt, Dries Maes, Sybryn L. Blondeel, Haben De Lombaerde, Emiel Brumelis, Guntis Brunet, Jorg Closset-Kopp, Deborah Czerepko, Janusz Decocq, Guillaume den Ouden, Jan Gawrys, Radoslaw Haerdtle, Werner Hedl, Radim Heinken, Thilo Heinrichs, Steffi Jaroszewicz, Bogdan Kopecky, Martin Liepina, Ilze Macek, Martin Malis, Frantisek Schmidt, Wolfgang Smart, Simon M. Ujhazy, Karol Wulf, Monika Verheyen, Kris TI Light availability and land-use history drive biodiversity and functional changes in forest herb layer communities SO JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY LA English DT Article; Early Access DE atmospheric depositions; biodiversity measures; climate change; forest canopy features; functional signature; post-agricultural forests; resurvey ID PLANT-COMMUNITIES; TEMPERATE FOREST; SPECIES RICHNESS; INDICATOR VALUES; LEAF-AREA; VEGETATION; RESPONSES; NITROGEN; DIVERSITY; LIMITATION AB A central challenge of today's ecological research is predicting how ecosystems will develop under future global change. Accurate predictions are complicated by (a) simultaneous effects of different drivers, such as climate change, nitrogen deposition and management changes; and (b) legacy effects from previous land use. We tested whether herb layer biodiversity (i.e. richness, Shannon diversity and evenness) and functional (i.e. herb cover, specific leaf area [SLA] and plant height) responses to environmental change drivers depended on land-use history. We used resurvey data from 192 plots across nineteen European temperate forest regions, with large spatial variability in environmental change factors. We tested for interactions between land-use history, distinguishing ancient and recent (i.e. post-agricultural) forests and four drivers: temperature, nitrogen deposition, and aridity at the regional scale and light dynamics at the plot-scale. Land-use history significantly modulated global change effects on the functional signature of the herb layer (i.e. cover, SLA and plant height). Light availability was the main environmental driver of change interacting with land-use history. We found greater herb cover and plant height decreases and SLA increases with decreasing light availability in ancient than in recent forests. Furthermore, we found greater decreases in herb cover with increased nitrogen deposition in ancient forests, whereas warming had the strongest decreasing effect on the herb cover in recent forests. Interactive effects between land-use history and global change on biodiversity were not found, but species evenness increased more in ancient than in recent forests. Synthesis. Our results demonstrate that land-use history should not be overlooked when predicting forest herb layer responses to global change. Moreover, we found that herb layer composition in semi-natural deciduous forests is mainly controlled by local canopy characteristics, regulating light levels at the forest floor, and much less by environmental changes at the regional scale (here: warming, nitrogen deposition and aridity). The observed disconnect between biodiversity and functional herb layer responses to environmental changes demonstrates the importance of assessing both types of responses to increase our understanding of the possible impact of global change on the herb layer. C1 [Depauw, Leen; Perring, Michael P.; Landuyt, Dries; Maes, Sybryn L.; Blondeel, Haben; De Lombaerde, Emiel; Verheyen, Kris] Univ Ghent, Dept Environm, Forest & Nat Lab, Melle Gontrode, Belgium. [Perring, Michael P.] Univ Western Australia, Sch Biol Sci, Crawley, WA, Australia. [Brumelis, Guntis; Liepina, Ilze] Univ Latvia, Fac Biol, Riga, Latvia. [Brunet, Jorg] Swedish Univ Agr Sci SLU, Southern Swedish Forest Res Ctr, Alnarp, Sweden. [Closset-Kopp, Deborah; Decocq, Guillaume] Univ Picardie Jules Verne, Unite Ecol & Dynam Syst Anthropises EDYSAN, UMR 7058, CNRS, Amiens, France. [Czerepko, Janusz; Gawrys, Radoslaw] Forest Res Inst, Raszyn, Poland. [den Ouden, Jan] Wageningen Univ, Forest Ecol & Forest Management Grp, Wageningen, Netherlands. [Haerdtle, Werner] Leuphana Univ Luneburg, Inst Ecol, Luneburg, Germany. [Hedl, Radim; Kopecky, Martin; Macek, Martin] Czech Acad Sci, Inst Bot, Pruhonice, Czech Republic. [Hedl, Radim] Palacky Univ Olomouc, Fac Sci, Dept Bot, Olomouc, Czech Republic. [Heinken, Thilo] Univ Potsdam, Inst Biochem & Biol, Gen Bot, Potsdam, Germany. [Heinrichs, Steffi; Schmidt, Wolfgang] Univ Gottingen, Dept Silviculture & Forest Ecol Temperate Zones, Gottingen, Germany. [Jaroszewicz, Bogdan] Univ Warsaw, Fac Biol, Bialowleza Geobot Stn, Bialowleza, Poland. [Kopecky, Martin] Czech Univ Life Sci Prague, Fac Forestry & Wood Sci, Prague, Czech Republic. [Malis, Frantisek; Ujhazy, Karol] Tech Univ Zvolen, Fac Forestry, Zvolen, Slovakia. [Malis, Frantisek] Natl Forest Ctr, Zvolen, Slovakia. [Smart, Simon M.] NERC Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, Lancaster, England. [Wulf, Monika] Leibniz Ctr Agr Landscape Res ZALF, Muncheberg, Germany. [Wulf, Monika] Univ Potsdam, Inst Biochem & Biol, Potsdam, Germany. RP Depauw, L (reprint author), Univ Ghent, Dept Environm, Forest & Nat Lab, Melle Gontrode, Belgium. EM leen.depauw@ugent.be RI ; Czerepko, Janusz/M-7406-2015 OI Landuyt, Dries/0000-0001-8107-5546; Czerepko, Janusz/0000-0002-7485-0134; Brunet, Jorg/0000-0003-2667-4575; Blondeel, Haben/0000-0001-9939-5994 FU Directorate-General of the State Forests in Poland [BLP-370]; Akademie Ved Ceske Republiky [RVO 67985939]; Grantova Agentura Ceske RepublikyGrant Agency of the Czech Republic [17-09283S]; H2020 European Research Council [614839]; Fonds Wetenschappelijk OnderzoekFWO; Agentura na Podporu Vyskumu a Vyvoja [APVV-15-0270] FX Directorate-General of the State Forests in Poland, Grant/Award Number: BLP-370; Akademie Ved Ceske Republiky, Grant/Award Number: RVO 67985939; Grantova Agentura Ceske Republiky, Grant/Award Number: 17-09283S; H2020 European Research Council, Grant/Award Number: 614839; Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek; Agentura na Podporu Vyskumu a Vyvoja, Grant/Award Number: APVV-15-0270 NR 74 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-0477 EI 1365-2745 J9 J ECOL JI J. Ecol. DI 10.1111/1365-2745.13339 EA JAN 2020 PG 15 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KF0VQ UT WOS:000508970400001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Ferreguetti, AC Graciano, JM Luppi, AP Pereira-Ribeiro, J Rocha, CFD Bergallo, HG AF Ferreguetti, Atilla Colombo Graciano, Jessica Mascarello Luppi, Ana Paula Pereira-Ribeiro, Juliane Duarte Rocha, Carlos Frederico Bergallo, Helena Godoy TI Roadkill of medium to large mammals along a Brazilian road (BR-262) in Southeastern Brazil: spatial distribution and seasonal variation SO STUDIES ON NEOTROPICAL FAUNA AND ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Atlantic Forest; mammalia; road ecology; road impact; road mortality; wildlife-vehicle collision ID PATTERNS; MORTALITY; HOTSPOTS; VERTEBRATES; MITIGATION; CERRADO; FOREST AB Like all human action that changes ecosystems, roads contribute to habitat fragmentation, acting as barriers and, consequently, causing biodiversity loss. Given the need for studies related to roadkill of wild animals, especially in the Atlantic Forest, and the vulnerability of mammal species to roadkill on the roads, we analyzed roadkill data of medium and large mammals. The study was carried out in a 100 km stretch of the BR-262 road, Atlantic Forest biome, in the Espirito Santo state. We obtained roadkill mammals' carcasses by 42 monitoring campaigns, between January 2017 and January 2018. We recorded 259 carcasses of 22 species, which resulted in a roadkill rate of 0.062 mammal/km/day. We found that roadkill rates are higher in rainy months and lower in dry ones. We found support that three variables best predicted roadkill occurrence in the BR-262 road (i.e. positive relationship with forest cover, and accumulated precipitation 'rainfall', and negative relationship with speed reducers). These results indicate an alarming impact on the mammalian fauna at the site and reinforce the need for management measures and actions to reduce the mortality of wild mammals on the roads. C1 [Ferreguetti, Atilla Colombo; Pereira-Ribeiro, Juliane; Duarte Rocha, Carlos Frederico; Bergallo, Helena Godoy] Univ Estado Rio De Janeiro, Dept Ecol, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Graciano, Jessica Mascarello] Alto Univ, Univ Fed Espirito Santo, Dept Ciencias Biol, Alegre, Brazil. [Luppi, Ana Paula] Ctr Univ Espirito Santense, FAESA, Dept Biol, Vitoria, Brazil. RP Ferreguetti, AC (reprint author), Univ Estado Rio De Janeiro, Dept Ecol, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. EM atilla.ferreguetti@gmail.com RI Bergallo, Helena/F-9257-2011; Ferreguetti, Atilla/D-1163-2019; Duarte Rocha, Carlos Frederico/A-6225-2013 OI Bergallo, Helena/0000-0001-9771-965X; Ferreguetti, Atilla/0000-0002-5139-8835; Duarte Rocha, Carlos Frederico/0000-0003-3000-1242 FU Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e TecnologicoNational Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) [457458/2012-7, 307781/2014-3, 302974/2015-6]; Fundacao Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro [E-26/202.803.2018, E-26/201.267.2014]; Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (BR) [001] FX This work was supported by the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico [457458/2012-7]; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico [307781/2014-3];Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico [302974/2015-6]; Fundacao Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro [E-26/202.803.2018];Fundacao Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro [E-26/201.267.2014];Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (BR) [Finance Code 001]. NR 65 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0165-0521 EI 1744-5140 J9 STUD NEOTROP FAUNA E JI Stud. Neotrop. Fauna Environ. DI 10.1080/01650521.2020.1719006 EA JAN 2020 PG 10 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA KE3ZT UT WOS:000508498300001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Bachman, S Walker, BE Barrios, S Copeland, A Moat, J AF Bachman, Steven Walker, Barnaby Eliot Barrios, Sara Copeland, Alison Moat, Justin TI Rapid Least Concern: towards automating Red List assessments SO BIODIVERSITY DATA JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Red List; Least Concern; Non-threatened; plants; automation; GBIF; Plants of the World Online; Bermuda ID CONSERVATION ASSESSMENT AB Background The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (TM) (hereafter the Red List) is an important global resource for conservation that supports conservation planning, safeguarding critical habitat and monitoring biodiversity change (Rodrigues et al. 2006). However, a major shortcoming of the Red List is that most of the world's described species have not yet been assessed and published on the Red List (Bachman et al. 2019Eisenhauer et al. 2019). Conservation efforts can be better supported if the Red List is expanded to achieve greater coverage of mega-diverse groups of organisms such as plants, fungi and invertebrates. There is, therefore, an urgent need to speed up the Red List assessment and documentation workflow. One reason for this lack of species coverage is that a manual and relatively time-consuming procedure is usually employed to assess and document species. A recent update of Red List documentation standards (IUCN 2013) reduced the data requirements for publishing non-threatened or 'Least Concern' species on the Red List. The majority of the required fields for Least Concern plant species can be found in existing open-access data sources or can be easily calculated. There is an opportunity to consolidate these data and analyses into a simple application to fast-track the publication of Least Concern assessments for plants. There could be as many as 250,000 species of plants (60%) likely to be categorised as Least Concern (Bachman et al. 2019), for which automatically generated assessments could considerably reduce the outlay of time and valuable resources for Red Listing, allowing attention and resources to be dedicated to the assessment of those species most likely to be threatened. New information We present a web application, Rapid Least Concern, that addresses the challenge of accelerating the generation and documentation of Least Concern Red List assessments. Rapid Least Concern utilises open-source datasets, such as the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) and Plants of the World Online (POWO) through a simple web interface. Initially, the application is intended for use on plants, but it could be extended to other groups, depending on the availability of equivalent datasets for these groups. Rapid Least Concern users can assess a single species or upload a list of species that are assessed in a batch operation. The batch operation can either utilise georeferenced occurrence data from GBIF or occurrence data provided by the user. The output includes a series of CSV files and a point map file that meet the minimum data requirements for a Least Concern Red List assessment (IUCN 2013). The CSV files are compliant with the IUCN Red List SIS Connect system that transfers the data files to the IUCN database and, pending quality control checks and review, publication on the Red List. We outline the knowledge gap this application aims to fill and describe how the application works. We demonstrate a use-case for Rapid Least Concern as part of an ongoing initiative to complete a global Red List assessment of all native species for the United Kingdom Overseas Territory of Bermuda. C1 [Bachman, Steven; Walker, Barnaby Eliot; Barrios, Sara; Moat, Justin] Royal Bot Gardens, London, England. [Copeland, Alison] Govt Bermuda, Dept Environm & Nat Resources, Hamilton, Bermuda. RP Bachman, S (reprint author), Royal Bot Gardens, London, England. EM s.bachman@kew.org OI Bachman, Steven/0000-0003-1085-6075 NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PENSOFT PUBLISHERS PI SOFIA PA 12 PROF GEORGI ZLATARSKI ST, SOFIA, 1700, BULGARIA SN 1314-2836 EI 1314-2828 J9 BIODIVERS DATA J JI Biodiver. Data J. PD JAN 23 PY 2020 VL 8 AR E47018 DI 10.3897/BDJ.8.e47018 PG 15 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA KF9KH UT WOS:000509559300001 PM 32025186 OA DOAJ Gold, Green Published DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU MacDonald, EA Balanovic, J Edwards, ED Abrahamse, W Frame, B Greenaway, A Kannemeyer, R Kirk, N Medvecky, F Milfont, TL Russell, JC Tompkins, DM AF MacDonald, Edith A. Balanovic, Jovana Edwards, Eric D. Abrahamse, Wokje Frame, Bob Greenaway, Alison Kannemeyer, Robyn Kirk, Nick Medvecky, Fabien Milfont, Taciano L. Russell, James C. Tompkins, Daniel M. TI Public Opinion Towards Gene Drive as a Pest Control Approach for Biodiversity Conservation and the Association of Underlying Worldviews SO ENVIRONMENTAL COMMUNICATION-A JOURNAL OF NATURE AND CULTURE LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Synthetic biology; responsible science; values; CRISPR; invasive species ID SOCIAL-DOMINANCE ORIENTATION; INVASIVE SPECIES MANAGEMENT; NEW-ZEALAND; ATTITUDES; COMMUNICATION; PERCEPTIONS; AWARENESS; SCIENCE; VALUES; TRUST AB Synthetic gene drive approaches are nascent technologies with potential applicability for pest control for conservation purposes. Responsible science mandates that society be engaged in a dialogue over new technology, particularly where there exist global ramifications as with gene drive. We hypothesize that public attitudes towards gene drive are not formed on scientific knowledge or demographics alone, but are heavily influenced by underlying worldviews, which encapsulate a broad and interactive system of attitudes, beliefs, and values. To test this, we conducted a national survey in New Zealand (n = 8199) and found that respondents clustered into four distinct segments with underlying worldviews, better able to explain attitudes toward gene drive than either the participants' scientific knowledge or other explanatory factors such demographics, political ideology or religiosity. We found that the use of gene drive for biodiversity conservation currently has moderate (32%) levels of support in New Zealand but that varied substantially across the four segments. Should gene drive become a technically viable approach for pest control, understanding the worldviews that shape public decision-making can guide a more empathetic engagement process and empower society to participate in informed decision-making about if and how gene drive should be used for conservation purposes. C1 [MacDonald, Edith A.; Balanovic, Jovana; Edwards, Eric D.] Conservat House, Dept Conservat, 18-32 Manners St, Wellington 6011, New Zealand. [Abrahamse, Wokje] Victoria Univ Wellington, Sch Geog Environm & Earth Studies, Wellington, New Zealand. [Frame, Bob; Kirk, Nick] Manaaki Whenua Landcare Res, Lincoln, New Zealand. [Greenaway, Alison; Kannemeyer, Robyn] Manaaki Whenua Landcare Res, Auckland, New Zealand. [Medvecky, Fabien] Univ Otago, Ctr Sci Commun, Dunedin, New Zealand. [Milfont, Taciano L.] Victoria Univ Wellington, Sch Psychol, Ctr Appl Cross Cultural Res, Wellington, New Zealand. [Russell, James C.] Univ Auckland, Sch Biol Sci, Auckland, New Zealand. [Russell, James C.] Univ Auckland, Dept Stat, Auckland, New Zealand. [Tompkins, Daniel M.] Predator Free 2050 Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand. RP MacDonald, EA (reprint author), Conservat House, Dept Conservat, 18-32 Manners St, Wellington 6011, New Zealand. EM emacdonald@doc.govt.nz OI Frame, Bob/0000-0003-2447-4174 FU New Zealand's Biological Heritage National Science Challenge; Department of Conservation; Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research; Nga Pae o Te Maramatanga; Department of Conservation New Zealand FX The authors thank New Zealand's Biological Heritage National Science Challenge, Department of Conservation, Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research, and Nga Pae o Te Maramatanga for funding this research project; Department of Conservation New Zealand. NR 87 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1752-4032 EI 1752-4040 J9 ENVIRON COMMUN JI Environ. Commun. DI 10.1080/17524032.2019.1702568 EA JAN 2020 PG 15 WC Communication; Environmental Studies SC Communication; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KF7ZO UT WOS:000509457300001 OA Other Gold, Bronze DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Kumar, P Bouamanivong, S Fischer, GA Gale, SW AF Kumar, Pankaj Bouamanivong, Somsanith Fischer, Gunter A. Gale, Stephan W. TI Didymoplexiella laosensis (Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae: Gastrodieae), a new holomycotrophic orchid from Lao PDR SO PHYTOTAXA LA English DT Article DE Didymoplexis; Didymoplexiopsis; Indo-Burma Biodiversity Hotspot ID TAXONOMIC NOTES; FLORA; SIAMENSIS; THAILAND; VARIETY AB Didymoplexiella laosensis is described as a new species from the limestone mountains of yang Vieng District in central Laos. A detailed description, colour plate, line drawings and conservation assessment are provided, together with morphological comparisons with three allied species in tropical Asia, namely, D. ornata, D. siamensis and D. trichechus. With the leasing of its limestone habitat to a mining company for cement production, the threat to D. laosensis is already evident. C1 [Kumar, Pankaj; Fischer, Gunter A.; Gale, Stephan W.] Kadoorie Farm & Bot Garden, Flora Conservat Dept, Lam Tsuen, Tai Po, Lam Kam Rd, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Bouamanivong, Somsanith] Minist Sci & Technol, Biotechnol & Ecol Inst, Viangchan, Laos. RP Kumar, P (reprint author), Kadoorie Farm & Bot Garden, Flora Conservat Dept, Lam Tsuen, Tai Po, Lam Kam Rd, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. EM pkumar@kfbg.org RI KUMAR, PANKAJ/B-6261-2015 OI KUMAR, PANKAJ/0000-0002-3469-5731 NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1179-3155 EI 1179-3163 J9 PHYTOTAXA JI Phytotaxa PD JAN 23 PY 2020 VL 430 IS 1 BP 1 EP 8 DI 10.11646/phytotaxa.430.1.1 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA KE9QZ UT WOS:000508886300001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Sirakaya, A AF Sirakaya, Aysegul TI A balanced ABS system: Stakeholder perception on ABS goals SO SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article; Early Access DE ABS; biodiversity; biotechnology; genetic resources; Nagoya protocol; natural product research ID NAGOYA PROTOCOL; FAIR AB The current perception regarding the implementation of the Nagoya Protocol is that the national implementations bring complexities for both the provider countries and users of genetic resources (GR) which result in less willingness to access GR. Users frequently face non-compliance penalties or public notoriety due to the lack of clarity of access and benefit-sharing (ABS) obligations. Less access would inevitably result in fewer benefits shared and this vicious cycle would jeopardise the success of the entirety of the ABS system. Therefore, there is an apparent need for a methodology in regulating ABS models in a way that is supportive for both the provider countries and users. This article serves as the introductory part of a comprehensive study on creating a methodology for mutually supportive ABS systems for users and providers by introducing international ABS goals and the stakeholders' (both users and providers) perceptions thereof. C1 [Sirakaya, Aysegul] Univ Ghent, Fac Law, Dept European Publ & Int Law, Ghent, Belgium. [Sirakaya, Aysegul] ABSint, Brugge, Belgium. RP Sirakaya, A (reprint author), Univ Ghent, Fac Law, Dept European Publ & Int Law, Ghent, Belgium. EM aysegul.sirakaya@ugent.be NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0968-0802 EI 1099-1719 J9 SUSTAIN DEV JI Sustain. Dev. DI 10.1002/sd.2040 EA JAN 2020 PG 9 WC Development Studies; Green & Sustainable Science & Technology; Regional & Urban Planning SC Development Studies; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Public Administration GA KE9UJ UT WOS:000508895600001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Elias, F Ferreira, J Lennox, GD Berenguer, E Ferreira, S Schwartz, G Melo, LD Reis, DN Nascimento, RO Ferreira, FN Espirito-Santo, F Smith, CC Barlow, J AF Elias, Fernando Ferreira, Joice Lennox, Gareth D. Berenguer, Erika Ferreira, Socorro Schwartz, Gustavo Melo, Lia de Oliveira Reis Junior, Denilson N. Nascimento, Rodrigo O. Ferreira, Fabricio Nascimento Espirito-Santo, Fernando Smith, Charlotte C. Barlow, Jos TI Assessing the growth and climate sensitivity of secondary forests in highly deforested Amazonian landscapes SO ECOLOGY LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Amazon; biodiversity; Bragantina; carbon; climate change; secondary forests ID TROPICAL FORESTS; ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS; NEOTROPICAL FORESTS; DROUGHT; DYNAMICS; CARBON; RESILIENCE; LAND; INTENSIFICATION; CONSERVATION AB Tropical forests hold 30% of Earth's terrestrial carbon and at least 60% of its terrestrial biodiversity, but forest loss and degradation are jeopardizing these ecosystems. Although the regrowth of secondary forests has the potential to offset some of the losses of carbon and biodiversity, it remains unclear if secondary regeneration will be affected by climate changes such as higher temperatures and more frequent extreme droughts. We used a data set of 10 repeated forest inventories spanning two decades (1999-2017) to investigate carbon and tree species recovery and how climate and landscape context influence carbon dynamics in an older secondary forest located in one of the oldest post-Columbian agricultural frontiers in the Brazilian Amazon. Carbon accumulation averaged 1.08 Mg center dot ha(-1)center dot yr(-1), and species richness was effectively constant over the studied period. Moreover, we provide evidence that secondary forests are vulnerable to drought stress: Carbon balance and growth rates were lower in drier periods. This contrasts with drought responses in primary forests, where changes in carbon dynamics are driven by increased stem mortality. These results highlight an important climate change-vegetation feedback, whereby the increasing dry-season lengths being observed across parts of Amazonia may reduce the effectiveness of secondary forests in sequestering carbon and mitigating climate change. In addition, the current rate of forest regrowth in this region was low compared with previous pan-tropical and Amazonian assessments-our secondary forests reached just 41.1% of the average carbon and 56% of the tree diversity in the nearest primary forests-suggesting that these areas are unlikely to return to their original levels on politically meaningful time scales. C1 [Elias, Fernando; Ferreira, Joice] Univ Fed Para, Inst Ciencias Biol, Programa Posgrad Ecol, Embrapa Amazonia Oriental, BR-66075110 Belem, Para, Brazil. [Ferreira, Joice; Ferreira, Socorro; Schwartz, Gustavo; Ferreira, Fabricio Nascimento] Embrapa Amazonia Oriental, BR-66095903 Belem, Para, Brazil. [Lennox, Gareth D.; Berenguer, Erika; Smith, Charlotte C.; Barlow, Jos] Univ Lancaster, Lancaster Environm Ctr, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, England. [Berenguer, Erika] Univ Oxford, Sch Geog & Environm, Environm Change Inst, Oxford OX1 3QY, England. [Melo, Lia de Oliveira] Univ Fed Oeste Para, BR-68040255 Santarem, Para, Brazil. [Reis Junior, Denilson N.] Univ Fed Rural Amazonia, Dept Engn Florestal, BR-66077830 Belem, Para, Brazil. [Nascimento, Rodrigo O.] Univ Fed Para, Inst Geociencias, Programa Posgrad Ciencias Ambientais, BR-66075110 Belem, Para, Brazil. [Espirito-Santo, Fernando] Univ Leicester, Ctr Landscape & Climate Res, Sch Geog Geol & Environm, Leicester Inst Space & Earth Observat, Univ Rd, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England. [Barlow, Jos] Univ Fed Lavras, BR-37200000 Lavras, MG, Brazil. RP Elias, F (reprint author), Univ Fed Para, Inst Ciencias Biol, Programa Posgrad Ecol, Embrapa Amazonia Oriental, BR-66075110 Belem, Para, Brazil. EM fernandoeliasbio@gmail.com RI Elias, Fernando/P-4400-2014 OI Elias, Fernando/0000-0001-9190-1733; Schwartz, Gustavo/0000-0002-1717-4491; Berenguer, Erika/0000-0001-8157-8792 FU project PRODETAB; project ProManejo; project INOVAGRI; project Rede Biomassa Florestal; project BioRed (Nerc Foundation/FAPESP)NERC Natural Environment Research Council [NE/N01250X/1-BIORED]; project PELD-RAS (CNPq)National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) [441659/2016-0]; project RESFLORA (CNPq)National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) [420254/2018-8]; CAPESCAPES [1661300] FX We are grateful to the projects PRODETAB, ProManejo, INOVAGRI, Rede Biomassa Florestal, BioRed (Nerc Foundation/FAPESP, NE/N01250X/1-BIORED), PELD-RAS (CNPq, Process 441659/2016-0) and RESFLORA (CNPq, Process 420254/2018-8) for financial support during the field stages. We are also grateful to CAPES (Process 1661300) for the Ph.D. scholarship granted to the first author. We thank two anonymous reviewers who provided valuable comments on an earlier version of the manuscript. NR 72 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0012-9658 EI 1939-9170 J9 ECOLOGY JI Ecology AR e02954 DI 10.1002/ecy.2954 EA JAN 2020 PG 11 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KE8LW UT WOS:000508801800001 PM 31840235 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Magnusson, M Fischhoff, IR Ecke, F Hornfeldt, B Ostfeld, RS AF Magnusson, Magnus Fischhoff, Ilya R. Ecke, Frauke Hornfeldt, Birger Ostfeld, Richard S. TI Effect of spatial scale and latitude on diversity-disease relationships SO ECOLOGY LA English DT Article; Early Access DE dilution effect; disease; diversity; ecosystem services; infectious diseases; latitude; meta-analysis; spatial scales ID SPECIES-DIVERSITY; ZOONOTIC DISEASE; GLOBAL PATTERNS; BIODIVERSITY; RISK; TRANSMISSION; MODELS AB Natural ecosystems provide humans with different types of ecosystem services, often linked to biodiversity. The dilution effect (DE) predicts a negative relationship between biodiversity and risk of infectious diseases of humans, other animals, and plants. We hypothesized that a stronger DE would be observed in studies conducted at smaller spatial scales, where biotic drivers may predominate, compared to studies at larger spatial scales where abiotic drivers may more strongly affect disease patterns. In addition, we hypothesized a stronger DE in studies from temperate regions at mid latitudes than in those from subtropical and tropical regions, due to more diffuse species interactions at low latitudes. To explore these hypotheses, we conducted a meta-analysis of observational studies of diversity-disease relationships for animals across spatial scales and geographic regions. Negative diversity-disease relationships were significant at small (combined site and local), intermediate (combined landscape and regional), and large (combined continental and global) scales and the effect did not differ depending on size of the study areas. For the geographic region analysis, a strongly negative diversity-disease relationship was found in the temperate region while no effect was found in the subtropical and tropical regions. However, no overall effect of absolute latitude on the strength of the dilution effect was detected. Our results suggest that a negative diversity-disease relationship occurs across scales and latitudes and is especially strong in the temperate region. These findings may help guide future management efforts in lowering disease risk. C1 [Magnusson, Magnus; Ecke, Frauke; Hornfeldt, Birger] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Wildlife Fish & Environm Studies, SE-90183 Umea, Sweden. [Fischhoff, Ilya R.; Ostfeld, Richard S.] Cary Inst Ecosyst Studies, Box AB, Millbrook, NY 12545 USA. RP Magnusson, M (reprint author), Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Wildlife Fish & Environm Studies, SE-90183 Umea, Sweden. EM magnus.magnusson@slu.se RI Fischhoff, Ilya/B-6303-2014 OI Fischhoff, Ilya/0000-0001-6956-8284 FU Swedish Research Council FormasSwedish Research CouncilSwedish Research Council Formas [2017-00867, 2017-00578]; Helge Ax:son Johnsons foundation; United States National Science Foundation (LTREB program)National Science Foundation (NSF); United States National Science Foundation (EEID program) FX We thank three anonymous reviewers and the subject matter editor for constructive comments during the review process. This work was funded by the Swedish Research Council Formas (grant no. 2017-00867 to M. Magnusson and 2017-00578 to F. Ecke), by a stipend from Helge Ax:son Johnsons foundation to M. Magnusson, and by grants to R. Ostfeld from the United States National Science Foundation (LTREB and EEID programs). NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0012-9658 EI 1939-9170 J9 ECOLOGY JI Ecology AR e02955 DI 10.1002/ecy.2955 EA JAN 2020 PG 8 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KE8LU UT WOS:000508801600001 PM 31840238 OA Other Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Wilson, KL Foos, A Barker, OE Farineau, A De Gisi, J Post, JR AF Wilson, Kyle L. Foos, Aaron Barker, Oliver E. Farineau, Anne De Gisi, Joe Post, John R. TI Social-ecological feedbacks drive spatial exploitation in a northern freshwater fishery: A halo of depletion SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE angler behaviour; bioeconomics; recreational fisheries; Salvelinus namaycush; site choice; size-selective harvest; social-ecological systems ID TROUT SALVELINUS-NAMAYCUSH; RECREATION SITE CHOICE; ANGLER CHARACTERISTICS; CATCH; PREFERENCES; MANAGEMENT; BEHAVIOR; MODEL; CONGESTION; IMPACTS AB Freshwater fisheries are complex social-ecological systems spatially structured by coupled feedbacks between people and nature. Spatial exploitation dynamics depend on angler preferences for multiple attributes that influence their site choices. Anglers then reciprocally impact local fish populations through size-selective catch and harvest. Thus, feedbacks among angler site choices, their capture efficiency (i.e. catchability) and fish population dynamics permeate through whole landscapes. We studied the coupled feedbacks and effects of spatial exploitation in an iconic northern freshwater fishery of conservation concern. Specifically, we evaluated several coupled feedbacks in the spatially structured Yukon lake trout fishery using a Bayesian multinomial choice model fitted to onsite interviews and fishery-independent population assessments to identify whether: (a) trip context (day vs. multi-day trips) shaped angler preferences and site choices, (b) catch-based quality was influenced by a size-numbers trade-off and density-dependent catchability and (c) fish population structure was associated with the gravity of resource usage resulting from spatial exploitation. Overall, we found that angler site choices were shaped by preferences for multiple characteristics including travel time and catch-based quality. Angler preferences also varied with trip contexts-for example, anglers on day trips were less willing to travel than anglers on multi-day trips. We detected strong density-dependent catchability, which led to hyperstable catches and relatively few anglers dominated most of the catch. There was a strong demographic trade-off between lake trout body size and abundance that appeared to dynamically interact with anglers' size-selective preferences for larger lake trout. Coupled feedbacks among angler site choices, size-selective and hyperstable catches, and density-dependent growth and survival appeared to structure spatial exploitation patterns leading to a halo of depletion in fish body sizes and fishing quality near urban centres. Synthesis and applications. Feedbacks between fish and anglers affected spatial exploitation patterns leading to a halo of depletion in Yukon lake trout. We recommend fisheries' managers consider the size, distance and behaviours of nearby angler communities using measures of gravity to craft policies aligning expected resource usage with spatial conservation risks. Such approaches may help managers balance stakeholder needs with conservation targets across whole ecosystems. C1 [Wilson, Kyle L.; Farineau, Anne; Post, John R.] Univ Calgary, Dept Biol Sci, Calgary, AB, Canada. [Wilson, Kyle L.] Simon Fraser Univ, Earth Ocean Res Grp, Burnaby, BC, Canada. [Foos, Aaron; Barker, Oliver E.] Dept Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Whitehorse, YT, Canada. [Barker, Oliver E.] Yukon Dept Environm, Whitehorse, YT, Canada. [Farineau, Anne] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Lethbridge, AB, Canada. [De Gisi, Joe] British Columbia Minist Forests Lands & Nat Resou, Fish & Wildlife Sect, Skeena Div, Smithers, BC, Canada. RP Wilson, KL (reprint author), Univ Calgary, Dept Biol Sci, Calgary, AB, Canada.; Wilson, KL (reprint author), Simon Fraser Univ, Earth Ocean Res Grp, Burnaby, BC, Canada. EM ki_wilson@sfu.ca FU Vanier Canada Graduate Scholarships; Banting PDF; Freshwater Fisheries Society of British Columbia; British Columbia Ministry of Forests, Lands, and Natural Resource Operations; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of CanadaNatural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Killam Trusts FX Vanier Canada Graduate Scholarships; Banting PDF; Freshwater Fisheries Society of British Columbia; British Columbia Ministry of Forests, Lands, and Natural Resource Operations; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Killam Trusts NR 62 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0021-8901 EI 1365-2664 J9 J APPL ECOL JI J. Appl. Ecol. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 57 IS 2 BP 206 EP 218 DI 10.1111/1365-2664.13563 EA JAN 2020 PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KH7AU UT WOS:000508887800001 OA Bronze DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Zunino, S Canu, DM Marangon, F Troiano, S AF Zunino, Serena Canu, Donata Melaku Marangon, Francesco Troiano, Stefania TI Cultural Ecosystem Services Provided by Coralligenous Assemblages and Posidonia oceanica in the Italian Seas SO FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE coralligenous; Posidonia oceanica; scuba divers; willingness to pay; cultural services; ocean literacy ID CHOICE EXPERIMENTS; MEDITERRANEAN SEA; BIODIVERSITY; ACIDIFICATION; VALUATION; FRAMEWORK; FUTURE; CONSERVATION; PREFERENCES; IMPACTS AB Posidonia oceanica meadows and coralligenous reefs are two Mediterranean ecosystems that are recognized as suppliers of valuable ecosystem services (ESs), including cultural services. However, valuation studies on these ecosystems are scarce; rather, studies have mainly focused on provisioning and regulating services. Here we focus on the cultural services provided by P. oceanica and coralligenous assemblages by addressing a specific group of users. Through an online survey submitted to Italian scuba divers, we assess their willingness to pay for a dive in the two ecosystems and how their preferences will change under different degradation scenarios. Diving preferences are assessed using a discrete choice experiment. The results confirmed that ecological knowledge is associated with higher ecosystem values. Moreover, the results confirm and assess how a high degradation of coralligenous and P. oceanica habitats would reduce the value of the underwater environment, by decreasing scuba diver satisfaction and their rate of return visits. Considering a 50% reduction in the coverage of keystone species, the marginal willingness to pay decreased by approximately (sic)56 and (sic)18 for coralligenous reefs and P. oceanica, respectively, while the willingness to pay decreased by approximately (sic)108 and (sic)34, respectively, when there was a total reduction in coverage. Our results can be used to support marine ecosystem based management and the non-destructive use of Mediterranean Posidonia oceanica meadows and coralligenous reefs. C1 [Zunino, Serena; Canu, Donata Melaku] Ist Nazl Oceanog & Geofis Sperimentale, Trieste, Italy. [Zunino, Serena] Univ Trieste, Dept Life Sci, Trieste, Italy. [Marangon, Francesco; Troiano, Stefania] Univ Udine, Dept Econ & Stat, Udine, Italy. RP Canu, DM (reprint author), Ist Nazl Oceanog & Geofis Sperimentale, Trieste, Italy. EM dcanu@inogs.it FU Acid.it Project "Science for mitigation and adaptation policies to ecological and socio-economic impacts of the acidification of Italian seas" FX This work was funded by the Acid.it Project "Science for mitigation and adaptation policies to ecological and socio-economic impacts of the acidification of Italian seas". NR 78 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU FRONTIERS MEDIA SA PI LAUSANNE PA AVENUE DU TRIBUNAL FEDERAL 34, LAUSANNE, CH-1015, SWITZERLAND EI 2296-7745 J9 FRONT MAR SCI JI Front. Mar. Sci. PD JAN 23 PY 2020 VL 6 AR 823 DI 10.3389/fmars.2019.00823 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA KE6EP UT WOS:000508647500001 OA DOAJ Gold, Green Published DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Divisek, J Hajek, M Jamrichova, E Petr, L Vecera, M Tichy, L Willner, W Horsak, M AF Divisek, Jan Hajek, Michal Jamrichova, Eva Petr, Libor Vecera, Martin Tichy, Lubomir Willner, Wolfgang Horsak, Michal TI Holocene matters: Landscape history accounts for current species richness of vascular plants in forests and grasslands of eastern Central Europe SO JOURNAL OF BIOGEOGRAPHY LA English DT Article; Early Access DE biodiversity models; forest vegetation; grassland vegetation; habitats; quaternary history; refugia; species richness; vascular plants; vegetation plots ID CALCAREOUS GRASSLANDS; HABITAT SPECIALISTS; VEGETATION TYPES; MODERN ANALOGS; DIVERSITY; PATTERNS; POOLS; BIODIVERSITY; AGE; PERSPECTIVE AB Aim Current species-richness patterns are sometimes interpreted as a legacy of landscape history, but historical processes shaping the distribution of species during the Holocene are frequently omitted in biodiversity models. Here, we test their importance in modelling current species richness of vascular plants in forest and grassland vegetation. Location Western Carpathians and adjacent regions. Taxon Vascular plants. Methods Numbers of all species and of habitat specialists were extracted from plot records of forest and grassland vegetation. For each plot, environmental and historical data were derived from thematic maps. Historical data related to the persistence of (a) temperate taxa during the Late Glacial and Early Holocene, (b) open-landscape taxa during the Middle Holocene and (c) taiga taxa during the Late Holocene were based on 112 fossil pollen profiles. Boosted regression trees were used to model spatial patterns in species richness. Results Historical variables always appeared among the best predictors of current species richness. In light forests, species richness highly mirrored both the Late Glacial (12.5% contribution) and Middle-Holocene (8.6%) landscape history. The latter factor became an important predictor also for species richness of steppe grasslands (8.3%) along with temperature seasonality (11.9%). Species richness of dark coniferous forests was best predicted by the Late-Holocene occurrence of taiga forests (14.8%), which had an even stronger effect on the richness of habitat specialists (20.5%). Main conclusions Landscape changes since the Last Glacial Maximum are important predictors of current plant species richness. The historical effects were found to be habitat specific and, because they may interact with recent environmental conditions and anthropogenic pressures, they often show a nonlinear relationship with species richness. We provide one possible direction of incorporating past landscape changes to the models of species richness. C1 [Divisek, Jan; Hajek, Michal; Jamrichova, Eva; Petr, Libor; Vecera, Martin; Tichy, Lubomir; Horsak, Michal] Masaryk Univ, Dept Bot & Zool, Brno, Czech Republic. [Divisek, Jan] Masaryk Univ, Dept Geog, Brno, Czech Republic. [Jamrichova, Eva] Czech Acad Sci, Inst Bot, Lab Paleoecol, Brno, Czech Republic. [Willner, Wolfgang] Univ Vienna, Dept Bot & Biodivers Res, Vienna, Austria. RP Hajek, M (reprint author), Masaryk Univ, Dept Bot & Zool, Fac Sci, Brno, Czech Republic. EM hajek@sci.muni.cz OI Willner, Wolfgang/0000-0003-1591-8386 FU Czech Science FoundationGrant Agency of the Czech Republic [GA17-05696S]; Czech Academy of SciencesCzech Academy of Sciences [RVO 67985939] FX Czech Science Foundation, Grant/Award Number: GA17-05696S; Czech Academy of Sciences, Grant/Award Number: RVO 67985939 NR 64 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0305-0270 EI 1365-2699 J9 J BIOGEOGR JI J. Biogeogr. DI 10.1111/jbi.13787 EA JAN 2020 PG 15 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography GA KE6QZ UT WOS:000508679900001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Piton, G Legay, N Arnoldi, C Lavorel, S Clement, JC Foulquier, A AF Piton, Gabin Legay, Nicolas Arnoldi, Cindy Lavorel, Sandra Clement, Jean-Christophe Foulquier, Arnaud TI Using proxies of microbial community-weighted means traits to explain the cascading effect of management intensity, soil and plant traits on ecosystem resilience in mountain grasslands SO JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY LA English DT Article; Early Access DE drought; extracellular enzymes; functional traits; mountain grassland; nitrogen cycling; resistance; soil microbial community; stoichiometry ID LAND-USE; FUNCTIONAL DIVERSITY; DROUGHT RESISTANCE; CARBON ALLOCATION; LITTER QUALITY; NITROGEN; SERVICES; BIOMASS; INTENSIFICATION; STOICHIOMETRY AB Trait-based approaches provide a framework to understand the role of functional biodiversity on ecosystem functioning under global change. While plant traits have been reported as potential drivers of soil microbial community composition and resilience, studies directly assessing microbial traits are scarce, limiting our mechanistic understanding of ecosystem functioning. We used microbial biomass and enzyme stoichiometry, and mass-specific enzymes activity as proxies of microbial community-weighted mean (CWM) traits, to infer trade-offs in microbial strategies of resource use with cascading effects on ecosystem resilience. We simulated a drought event on intact plant-soil mesocosms extracted from mountain grasslands along a management intensity gradient. Ecosystem processes and properties related to nitrogen cycling were quantified before, during and after drought to characterize ecosystem resilience. Soil microbial CWM traits and ecosystem resilience to drought were strongly influenced by grassland type. Structural equation modelling revealed a cascading effect from management to ecosystem resilience through modifications in soil nutrients, and plant and microbial CWM traits. Overall, our results depict a shift from high investment in extracellular enzymes in nutrient-poor soils (oligotrophic strategy), to a copiotrophic strategy with low microbial biomass N:P and low investment in extracellular enzymes associated with exploitative plant traits in nutrient-rich soils. Microbial CWM traits responses to management intensity were highly related to ecosystem resilience. Microbial communities with a copiotrophic strategy had lower resistance but higher recovery to drought, while microbial communities with an oligotrophic strategy showed the opposite responses. The unexpected trade-off between plant and microbial resistance suggested that the lower resistance of copiotrophic microbial communities enabled plant resistance to drought. Synthesis. Grassland management has cascading effects on ecosystem resilience through its combined effects on soil nutrients and plant traits propagating to microbial traits and resilience. We suggest that intensification of permanent grassland management and associated increases in soil nutrient availability decreased plant-microbe competition for N under drought through the selection of drought-sensitive microbial communities with a copiotrophic strategy that promoted plant resistance. Including proxies of microbial CWM traits into the functional trait framework will strengthen our understanding of soil ecosystem functioning under global change. C1 [Piton, Gabin; Arnoldi, Cindy; Lavorel, Sandra; Clement, Jean-Christophe; Foulquier, Arnaud] Univ Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, LECA, Grenoble, France. [Legay, Nicolas] Ecole Nat & Paysage, INSA Ctr Val Loire, Blois, France. [Legay, Nicolas] CNRS, CITERES, UMR 7324, Tours, France. [Clement, Jean-Christophe] Univ Savoie Mt Blanc, INRAE, CARRTEL, Thonon Les Bains, France. RP Piton, G (reprint author), Univ Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, LECA, Grenoble, France. EM gabinpiton@gmail.com RI Legay, Nicolas/B-1881-2014 OI Legay, Nicolas/0000-0002-2490-2602; Piton, Gabin/0000-0002-6036-5787; CLEMENT, Jean-Christophe/0000-0002-0841-7199 FU Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Forderung der Wissenschaftlichen ForschungAustrian Science Fund (FWF); Ministerio de Economia y CompetitividadSpanish Government; Fundacao para a Ciencia e a TecnologiaPortuguese Foundation for Science and Technology; Svenska Forskningsradet FormasSwedish Research Council Formas; Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk OnderzoekNetherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO); Agence Nationale de la RechercheFrench National Research Agency (ANR) FX Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Forderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung; Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad; Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia; Svenska Forskningsradet Formas; Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek; Agence Nationale de la Recherche NR 111 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-0477 EI 1365-2745 J9 J ECOL JI J. Ecol. DI 10.1111/1365-2745.13327 EA JAN 2020 PG 18 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KE6CH UT WOS:000508641500001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Lourenco, EMG Fernandes, JM Carvalho, VD Grougnet, R Martins, MA Jordao, AK Zucolotto, SM Barbosa, EG AF Lourenco, Estela M. G. Fernandes, Julia M. Carvalho, Vinicius de F. Grougnet, Raphael Martins, Marco A. Jordao, Alessandro K. Zucolotto, Silvana M. Barbosa, Euzebio G. TI Identification of a Selective PDE4B Inhibitor From Bryophyllum pinnatum by Target Fishing Study and In Vitro Evaluation of Quercetin 3-O-alpha-L-Arabinopyranosyl-(1 -> 2)-O-alpha-L-Rhamnopyranoside SO FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bryophyllum pinnatum; natural products; PDE4; Flavonoid; inverse virtual screening; molecular dynamics ID PHOSPHODIESTERASE ISOZYMES; MEDICINAL-PLANTS; PHENOLIC PROFILE; STRUCTURAL BASIS; GUINEA-PIG; FLAVONOIDS; DISCOVERY; GROMACS; BINDING; MODELS AB Natural products are considered an important source of bioactive compounds especially in biodiversity-rich countries like Brazil. The identification of potential targets is crucial to the development of drugs from natural sources. In this context, in silico methodologies, such as inverse virtual screening (target fishing), are interesting tools as they are a rational and direct method that reduces costs and experimental time. Among the species of Brazilian biomes, Bryophyllum pinnatum (Lam.) Oken, native to Madagascar, is widely used by the population to treat inflammation conditions. It has a remarkable presence of flavonoids, including quercetin 3-O-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1 -> 2)-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside (1), considered one of its major compounds. However, until now there were no studies addressing its putative mechanism of action and explaining its pharmacological action. The enzyme PDE4B, known as an antiinflammatory protein, was indicated as a promising target by target fishing methods. This activity was confirmed by in vitro enzymatic inhibition, and an expressive selectivity of PDE4B over PDE4A was demonstrated. The interactions were investigated through molecular dynamics simulations. The results were pioneering, representing an advance in the investigation of the antiinflammatory action of B. pinnatum and confirm the potential of the flavonoid as a chemical extract marker. Also, the flavonoid was shown to be a promising lead for the design of other selective PDE4B blockers to treat inflammatory diseases. C1 [Lourenco, Estela M. G.; Jordao, Alessandro K.; Barbosa, Euzebio G.] Univ Fed Rio Grande do Norte, Dept Farm, Lab Quim Farmaceut Computac, Natal, RN, Brazil. [Fernandes, Julia M.; Zucolotto, Silvana M.] Univ Fed Rio Grande do Norte, Dept Farm, Lab Prod Nat Bioativos, Natal, RN, Brazil. [Carvalho, Vinicius de F.; Martins, Marco A.] Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Lab Inflamacao, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Grougnet, Raphael] Univ Paris 05, Fac Pharm, Lab Pharmacognosie, Paris, France. RP Barbosa, EG (reprint author), Univ Fed Rio Grande do Norte, Dept Farm, Lab Quim Farmaceut Computac, Natal, RN, Brazil. EM euzebiogb@imd.ufrn.br FU Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior - Brasil (CAPES)CAPES [001] FX This study was financed in part by the Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior - Brasil (CAPES) - Finance Code 001. NR 60 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FRONTIERS MEDIA SA PI LAUSANNE PA AVENUE DU TRIBUNAL FEDERAL 34, LAUSANNE, CH-1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1663-9812 J9 FRONT PHARMACOL JI Front. Pharmacol. PD JAN 22 PY 2020 VL 10 AR 1582 DI 10.3389/fphar.2019.01582 PG 12 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA KI5EP UT WOS:000511373100001 PM 32038254 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Hajian-Forooshani, Z Schmitt, L Medina, N Vandermeer, J AF Hajian-Forooshani, Zachary Schmitt, Lauren Medina, Nicholas Vandermeer, John TI Trophic-specific responses to migration in empirical metacommunities SO OIKOS LA English DT Article; Early Access DE metacommunity; metapopulation; migration; non-trophic interactions; space ID COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; DISPERSAL RATE; DIVERSITY; BIODIVERSITY; COEXISTENCE; PREDATION; RAREFACTION; COMPETITION; STABILITY; FRAMEWORK AB The metacommunity, as it evolved from Levins's metapopulation, provides a framework to consider the spatial organization of species interactions. A defining feature of metapopulations and metacommunities is that organisms (populations or communities) are connected via migration. An important result from Levins's metapopulation work - that increasing migration lowers regional extinction probability - is often incorporated into conceptions of metacommunities; however, this may not hold true for multiple interacting metapopulations (i.e. metacommunities). We report results from a metacommunity field experiment conducted with a tropical terrestrial leaf litter macro-arthropod community. We show that migration induces regional extinctions of predators without significantly changing the predator community composition. For non-predators we found no evidence of regional extinctions, but a significant change in community composition. Our result corroborates the findings of a prior similar metacommunity experiment with a temperate forest leaf litter community. The concordance between these experiments, even with vastly different communities, highlights the importance of considering trophic and non-trophic community structure to understand metacommunity dynamics, and suggests a potential connection between migration rates and trophic-specific responses in ecological communities. C1 [Hajian-Forooshani, Zachary; Medina, Nicholas; Vandermeer, John] Univ Michigan, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, 1105 N Univ Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Schmitt, Lauren] Univ Michigan, Sch Environm & Sustainabil, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Hajian-Forooshani, Z (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, 1105 N Univ Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM zhajianf@umich.edu NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0030-1299 EI 1600-0706 J9 OIKOS JI Oikos DI 10.1111/oik.06342 EA JAN 2020 PG 7 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KF8BM UT WOS:000509462300001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Nocito, ES Brooks, CM Strong, AL AF Nocito, Emily S. Brooks, Cassandra M. Strong, Aaron L. TI Gazing at the Crystal Ball: Predicting the Future of Marine Protected Areas Through Voluntary Commitments SO FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE ocean; marine protected area; marine reserves; United Nations; sustainable development goals; resilience; voluntary commitments ID BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION; TRADE-OFFS; RESERVES; MANAGEMENT; CLIMATE; RESILIENCE; FISHERIES; COASTAL; MPAS; VULNERABILITY AB The beginning of 2015 saw a new era within the United Nations: the era of the sustainable development goals (SDGs). Built off the previous Millennium Development Goals, this new set of goals included 17 target areas, including, for the first time, an explicit global goal related to the ocean. In June 2017, at the United Nations Headquarters in New York City, a high-level conference surrounding SDG 14: Life Under Water convened. One dimension of goal 14 calls for 10% of the ocean conserved by the year 2020, through sub-target 14.5. That 10% fulfillment is often thought of in terms of areal coverage via marine protected areas (MPAs). While many objectives were laid out for this conference, one of the most prominent objectives was to build on existing partnerships and foster new collaborations. One way to achieve this target was through the creation of the voluntary commitment program. This "Call for Action" came from heads of state and government, as well as high-level representatives from organizations and stakeholder groups. Under this "Call for Action," 22 actions related to goal 14 were listed for stakeholders to partake in, including an appeal to create voluntary commitments surrounding the oceans. As of September 2017, 1,395 voluntary commitments had been registered through the voluntary commitment portal process, spanning across organizations and disciplines. Here, we analyze these commitments, specifically those related to the fifth sub-target of SDG 14. Commitments were further refined through spotlighting on those under 14.5 that focused on different forms of resilience. The resulting 133 separate codes covered over 12 distinct forms of resilience. Through analyzing commitments, we map out future plans and predict different forms of MPAs. This research shows collaboration and co-production of knowledge linking across the SDGs. This work can be seen as a stepping-stone to the fulfillment of 10% conservation by 2020. C1 [Nocito, Emily S.; Brooks, Cassandra M.] Univ Colorado, Environm Studies Program, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Nocito, Emily S.; Strong, Aaron L.] Univ Maine, Sch Marine Sci, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [Strong, Aaron L.] Hamilton Coll, Environm Studies Program, Clinton, NY 13323 USA. RP Nocito, ES (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Environm Studies Program, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.; Nocito, ES (reprint author), Univ Maine, Sch Marine Sci, Orono, ME 04469 USA. EM emily.nocito@colorado.edu FU School of Marine Sciences at the University of Maine; Environmental Studies Program at the University of Colorado at Boulder; National Oceanic and Atmospheric AdministrationNational Oceanic Atmospheric Admin (NOAA) - USA; Hamilton College; Pew Charitable Trusts; Environmental Studies Program at the University of Colorado-Boulder FX We would like to thank Anna McGinn and Anama Solofa for assisting in the collaborative event ethnography at UNOC. EN was supported by the School of Marine Sciences at the University of Maine at the time of the research and is now supported by the Environmental Studies Program at the University of Colorado at Boulder. AS was supported by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and the School of Marine Sciences at the University of Maine, and is currently supported by Hamilton College. CB was supported by the Pew Charitable Trusts and the Environmental Studies Program at the University of Colorado-Boulder. NR 62 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU FRONTIERS MEDIA SA PI LAUSANNE PA AVENUE DU TRIBUNAL FEDERAL 34, LAUSANNE, CH-1015, SWITZERLAND EI 2296-7745 J9 FRONT MAR SCI JI Front. Mar. Sci. PD JAN 22 PY 2020 VL 6 AR 835 DI 10.3389/fmars.2019.00835 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA KE6DQ UT WOS:000508645000001 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Tilker, A Abrams, JF Nguyen, A Horig, L Axtner, J Louvrier, J Rawson, BM Nguyen, HAQ Guegan, F Nguyen, TV Le, M Sollmann, R Wilting, A AF Tilker, Andrew Abrams, Jesse F. An Nguyen Hoerig, Lisa Axtner, Jan Louvrier, Julie Rawson, Benjamin M. Hoa Anh Quang Nguyen Guegan, Francois Thanh Van Nguyen Minh Le Sollmann, Rahel Wilting, Andreas TI Identifying conservation priorities in a defaunated tropical biodiversity hotspot SO DIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTIONS LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Annamites; camera-trapping; defaunation; environmental DNA; multispecies occupancy; species richness; tropical rain forest; unsustainable hunting ID CAMERA TRAP DATA; TAXONOMIC CLASSIFICATION; SPECIES DISTRIBUTION; R PACKAGE; FOREST; OCCUPANCY; COMMUNITIES; EXTINCTION; WILDLIFE; MAMMALS AB Aim Unsustainable hunting is leading to widespread defaunation across the tropics. To mitigate against this threat with limited conservation resources, stakeholders must make decisions on where to focus anti-poaching activities. Identifying priority areas in a robust way allows decision-makers to target areas of conservation importance, therefore maximizing the impact of conservation interventions. Location Annamite mountains, Vietnam and Laos. Methods We conducted systematic landscape-scale surveys across five study sites (four protected areas, one unprotected area) using camera-trapping and leech-derived environmental DNA. We analysed detections within a Bayesian multispecies occupancy framework to evaluate species responses to environmental and anthropogenic influences. Species responses were then used to predict occurrence to unsampled regions. We used predicted species richness maps and occurrence of endemic species to identify areas of conservation importance for targeted conservation interventions. Results Analyses showed that habitat-based covariates were uninformative. Our final model therefore incorporated three anthropogenic covariates as well as elevation, which reflects both ecological and anthropogenic factors. Conservation-priority species tended to found in areas that are more remote now or have been less accessible in the past, and at higher elevations. Predicted species richness was low and broadly similar across the sites, but slightly higher in the more remote site. Occupancy of the three endemic species showed a similar trend. Main conclusion Identifying spatial patterns of biodiversity in heavily defaunated landscapes may require novel methodological and analytical approaches. Our results indicate that to build robust prediction maps it is beneficial to sample over large spatial scales, use multiple detection methods to increase detections for rare species, include anthropogenic covariates that capture different aspects of hunting pressure and analyse data within a Bayesian multispecies framework. Our models further suggest that more remote areas should be prioritized for anti-poaching efforts to prevent the loss of rare and endemic species. C1 [Tilker, Andrew; Abrams, Jesse F.; An Nguyen; Hoerig, Lisa; Axtner, Jan; Louvrier, Julie; Thanh Van Nguyen; Wilting, Andreas] Leibniz Inst Zoo & Wildlife Res, Dept Ecol Dynam, Berlin, Germany. [Tilker, Andrew] Global Wildlife Conservat, Austin, TX USA. [Rawson, Benjamin M.; Hoa Anh Quang Nguyen] World Wide Fund Nat, Hanoi, Vietnam. [Guegan, Francois] World Wide Fund Nat, Viangchan, Laos. [Thanh Van Nguyen; Minh Le] Vietnam Natl Univ, Cent Inst Nat Resources & Environm Studies, Hanoi, Vietnam. [Minh Le] VNU Univ Sci, Fac Environm Sci, Dept Environm Ecol, Hanoi, Vietnam. [Sollmann, Rahel] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Wildlife Fish & Conservat Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Tilker, A (reprint author), Leibniz Inst Zoo & Wildlife Res, Dept Ecol Dynam, Berlin, Germany. EM tilker@izw-berlin.de OI Tilker, Andrew/0000-0003-3630-8691 FU Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research; Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund; Safari Club International Foundation; Point Defiance Zoo and Aquarium; German Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation, and Nuclear Safety (BMBU); Fulbright exchange program; Kreditanstalt fur Wiederaufbau (KfW); German Federal Ministry of Education and ResearchFederal Ministry of Education & Research (BMBF) [BMBF FKZ: 01LN1301A] FX Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research; Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund; Safari Club International Foundation; Point Defiance Zoo and Aquarium, Grant/Award Number: Dr. Holly Reed Conservation Fund; German Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation, and Nuclear Safety (BMBU); Fulbright exchange program; Kreditanstalt fur Wiederaufbau (KfW); German Federal Ministry of Education and Research, Grant/Award Number: BMBF FKZ: 01LN1301A NR 96 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1366-9516 EI 1472-4642 J9 DIVERS DISTRIB JI Divers. Distrib. DI 10.1111/ddi.13029 EA JAN 2020 PG 15 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KF5ZR UT WOS:000509320500001 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Lee, MJ Onyango, D Hamza, H Phiri, E Furlong, T Goel, P Edwardes, D Tweed, M Guerra, L Hamzah, L Dean, G Fox, J Vera, JH AF Lee, Ming J. Onyango, Denis Hamza, Husseina Phiri, Elias Furlong, Tony Goel, Priyanka Edwardes, Dominic Tweed, Marc Guerra, Luis Hamzah, Lisa Dean, Gillian Fox, Julie Vera, Jaime H. TI Surveying testing preferences in Black, Latin American, and other minorities for the co-design of digital vending machines for HIV self-testing SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STD & AIDS LA English DT Article; Early Access DE HIV; HIV testing; HIV self-testing ID EXPERIENCES AB The use of digital vending machines (VMs) to delivery HIV self-testing (HIVST) could expand HIV testing in priority populations. We surveyed primarily Black African (BA) participants and other minority ethnicities, to identify acceptability, preferences, and concerns of using VMs for HIVST dispensing. A structured survey was developed with Black African and Caribbean, Latin American and other Minorities (BLAM) communities, and distributed between September 2018 and January 2019. Participants were recruited using mobile tablet surveys distributed by outreach volunteers, and online through BLAM communities' websites, workshops, and language-specific messages on social media. Descriptive analyses were undertaken stratified by ethnic groups. One hundred and twenty-eight (67.0%) participants identified as BAs, 31 (16.2%) Black Caribbeans (BCs), 22 (11.5%) Latin Americans (LAs), and 10 (5.2%) other non-white ethnicities (ONWEs). Rates of willingness to use the HIVST were high in all groups except BCs (BAs 77.9%, BCs 53.6%, LAs 81.8%, ONWEs 80.0%). Most participants favoured healthcare-associated venues for VM placement, but there were differences in community venues favoured by different ethnic groups and concerns reported. HIVST is acceptable in many BLAM communities and increases understanding of the concerns and how to address them in the design of VMs for HIVST, to expand HIV testing in these priority communities. C1 [Lee, Ming J.; Hamzah, Lisa; Fox, Julie] Guys & St Thomas Hosp NHS Fdn Trust, Harrison Wing Dept, London, England. [Onyango, Denis; Hamza, Husseina; Phiri, Elias] Africa Advocacy Fdn, London, England. [Phiri, Elias] Barts Hlth NHS Trust, London, England. [Furlong, Tony] METRO Char, London, England. [Goel, Priyanka] NAZ Project, London, England. [Edwardes, Dominic; Tweed, Marc] Terrence Higgins Trust, London, England. [Guerra, Luis] Publ Hlth England, London, England. [Dean, Gillian] Brighton & Sussex Univ Hosp, Dept HIV, Brighton, E Sussex, England. [Vera, Jaime H.] Brighton & Sussex Med Sch, Dept Global Hlth & Infect, Brighton, E Sussex, England. RP Lee, MJ (reprint author), Guys & St Thomas Hosp NHS Fdn Trust, Westminster Bridge Rd, London SE1 7EH, England. EM minglee@doctors.org.uk OI Vera, Jaime/0000-0002-1165-0573; Lee, Ming Jie/0000-0002-5244-0070 FU Brighton and Sussex Medical School FX The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This project was funded by Brighton and Sussex Medical School. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0956-4624 EI 1758-1052 J9 INT J STD AIDS JI Int. J. STD AIDS AR 0956462419887042 DI 10.1177/0956462419887042 EA JAN 2020 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA KF2FB UT WOS:000509062800001 PM 31969061 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Dib, V Pires, APF Nova, CC Bozelli, RL Farjalla, VF AF Dib, Viviane Pires, Aliny P. F. Nova, Clarice Casa Bozelli, Reinaldo L. Farjalla, Vinicius F. TI Biodiversity-mediated effects on ecosystem functioning depend on the type and intensity of environmental disturbances SO OIKOS LA English DT Article; Early Access DE biodiversity-mediated effects; ecosystem functioning; environmental disturbance; grazing rates; zooplankton community ID POPULATION-DYNAMICS; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; COASTAL LAGOONS; ZOOPLANKTON; SALINITY; RESILIENCE; DIVERSITY; RESPONSES; IMPACTS; COPEPOD AB Environmental disturbances affect ecosystem functioning through changes in organisms' metabolism (direct effect) and biodiversity loss (indirect or biodiversity-mediated effect). It is still a challenge to separate direct and biodiversity-mediated effects of environmental changes on ecosystem functioning due to the difficulties in isolating 'true' biodiversity loss effects. Furthermore, it is still unclear whether biodiversity-mediated effects are as important as direct effects. In this study, we performed an experiment in artificial microcosms to disentangle biodiversity-mediated and direct effects of two major environmental disturbances on the functioning of aquatic ecosystems: increases in temperature and salinity. The ecosystem function analyzed was the microalgae predation by the zooplankton community (zooplankton grazing rates). Temperature and salinity increases affected the zooplankton grazing rates due to changes in community composition and abundance, as well as organism performance. The impact of salinity changes on community structure was higher than that of temperature; however, the importance of biodiversity-mediated and direct effects was similar to regulating the ecosystem functioning, albeit they have presented different directions and magnitude across the treatments. At a moderate level of temperature increase, we observed that the biodiversity-mediated effect was more relevant than the direct effect, with negative effects on the overall grazing rates. Our results suggest that disturbances can affect the functioning of aquatic environments through a set of complex biological mechanisms that balance direct and biodiversity-mediated effects. We concluded that the relative importance of biodiversity-mediated effects depends on the type and intensity of the disturbance. C1 [Dib, Viviane; Pires, Aliny P. F.; Nova, Clarice Casa; Bozelli, Reinaldo L.; Farjalla, Vinicius F.] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Inst Biol, Dept Ecol, Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. [Dib, Viviane] Int Inst Sustainabilits, Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. [Pires, Aliny P. F.] Fundacao Brasileira Desenvolvimento Sustentavel, Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. [Farjalla, Vinicius F.] Inst Nacl Pesquisas Espaciais, Brazilian Res Network Climate Change Rede Clima, Sao Jose Dos Campos, SP, Brazil. RP Dib, V (reprint author), Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Inst Biol, Dept Ecol, Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. EM dibviviane@gmal.com OI Bozelli, Reinaldo/0000-0001-9916-1629 FU CNPq (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico)National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) [476926/2012-2]; FAPERJCarlos Chagas Filho Foundation for Research Support of the State of Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ); CNPqNational Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) [306448/2011-4] FX Financial support was provided by CNPq (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico, Project 476926/2012-2). VD is grateful to FAPERJ and CNPq for scholarships; APFP and CSC are grateful to CNPq for scholarships; VFF is partially supported by CNPq productivity grants (Project 306448/2011-4). NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0030-1299 EI 1600-0706 J9 OIKOS JI Oikos DI 10.1111/oik.06768 EA JAN 2020 PG 11 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KF0JZ UT WOS:000508938600001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Dietrich, P Roeder, A Cesarz, S Eisenhauer, N Ebeling, A Schmid, B Schulze, ED Wagg, C Weigelt, A Roscher, C AF Dietrich, Peter Roeder, Anna Cesarz, Simone Eisenhauer, Nico Ebeling, Anne Schmid, Bernhard Schulze, Ernst-Detlef Wagg, Cameron Weigelt, Alexandra Roscher, Christiane TI Nematode communities, plant nutrient economy and life-cycle characteristics jointly determine plant monoculture performance over 12 years SO OIKOS LA English DT Article; Early Access DE leaf nitrogen; performance change; predators; slow versus fast life strategy; specific leaf area; viable seed bank ID SOIL FEEDBACKS; SEED-BANK; MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; FUNCTIONAL-GROUP; LEAF NITROGEN; DIVERSITY; BIODIVERSITY; PRODUCTIVITY; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; ESTABLISHMENT AB Knowledge from agriculture and ecological field studies suggests that plant monocultures lose productivity over time, but the drivers underlying the long-term performance of monocultures of grassland species are not completely understood. We examined the performance of 60 grassland species growing in monoculture for 12 years in a biodiversity experiment (Jena Experiment) and studied three groups of biotic drivers potentially affecting plant performance in monocultures over time: 1) soil biota (nematode communities, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi), 2) leaf traits related to leaf economics spectrum, and 3) plant life-cycle characteristics related to buffered population growth (viable seeds in topsoil, seedling density, seed survival). Monocultures of 15 out of 60 species increased productivity, while monocultures of the remaining 45 species showed slight to strong losses of productivity over time, resulting in zero biomass in 15 species. All three biotic drivers were related to the varying long-term performance of monocultures. Their combined influence on monoculture performance could be interpreted as a tradeoff between 'fast' versus 'slow' life strategies. 'Fast' species showed rapid resource use and little buffering of population growth through a viable seed bank, which led to high biomass production in young monocultures but a consecutive loss of biomass production over time. 'Slow' species were characterized by positive nematode effects (high abundance of predatory nematodes), conservative use of resources, and a viable seed bank with high recruitment success resulting in gradually increasing productivity over time. In summary, our study highlights the importance of studying long-term field monocultures to investigate the complex role of different biotic drivers responsible for productivity changes over time. These insights provide an essential baseline for estimating biodiversity effects on productivity as well as to understand and predict long-term performance of plant populations. C1 [Dietrich, Peter; Ebeling, Anne] Friedrich Schiller Univ Jena, Inst Ecol & Evolut, Jena, Germany. [Dietrich, Peter; Roeder, Anna; Roscher, Christiane] UFZ Helmholtz Ctr Environm Res, Physiol Divers, Permoserstr 15, DE-04318 Leipzig, Germany. [Dietrich, Peter; Roeder, Anna; Cesarz, Simone; Eisenhauer, Nico; Roscher, Christiane] German Ctr Integrat Biodivers Res iDiv, Leipzig, Germany. [Cesarz, Simone; Eisenhauer, Nico] Univ Leipzig, Inst Biol Expt Interact Ecol, Leipzig, Germany. [Schmid, Bernhard] Univ Zurich, Dept Geog, Zurich, Switzerland. [Schulze, Ernst-Detlef] Max Planck Inst Biogeochem, Jena, Germany. [Wagg, Cameron] Univ Zurich, Dept Evolutionary Biol & Environm Studies, Zurich, Switzerland. [Wagg, Cameron] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Fredericton Res & Dev Ctr, New Brunswick, NJ USA. [Weigelt, Alexandra] Univ Leipzig, Inst Biol Systemat Bot & Funct Biodivers, Leipzig, Germany. RP Dietrich, P (reprint author), Friedrich Schiller Univ Jena, Inst Ecol & Evolut, Jena, Germany.; Dietrich, P (reprint author), UFZ Helmholtz Ctr Environm Res, Physiol Divers, Permoserstr 15, DE-04318 Leipzig, Germany.; Dietrich, P (reprint author), German Ctr Integrat Biodivers Res iDiv, Leipzig, Germany. EM peter.dietrich@uni-jena.de RI Cesarz, Simone/A-8468-2012; Schmid, Bernhard/C-8625-2009 OI Cesarz, Simone/0000-0003-2334-5119; Eisenhauer, Nico/0000-0002-0371-6720; Schmid, Bernhard/0000-0002-8430-3214 FU German Research FoundationGerman Research Foundation (DFG) [RO2397/7, FOR 456/1451]; Max Planck SocietyMax Planck SocietyFoundation CELLEX; Friedrich Schiller University of Jena; German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig - German Research Foundation [FZT 118] FX This study was supported by the German Research Foundation (RO2397/7) and conducted in the framework of the Jena Experiment (FOR 456/1451) with additional support from the Max Planck Society and the Friedrich Schiller University of Jena. Further support was provided by the German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, funded by the German Research Foundation (FZT 118). NR 67 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0030-1299 EI 1600-0706 J9 OIKOS JI Oikos DI 10.1111/oik.06989 EA JAN 2020 PG 14 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KF0KY UT WOS:000508941100001 OA Other Gold, Green Published DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Peralta, G Stouffer, DB Bringa, EM Vazquez, DP AF Peralta, Guadalupe Stouffer, Daniel B. Bringa, Eduardo M. Vazquez, Diego P. TI No such thing as a free lunch: interaction costs and the structure and stability of mutualistic networks SO OIKOS LA English DT Article; Early Access DE abundance; network structure; persistence; plant-pollinator interactions; population dynamics; resilience ID HETEROSPECIFIC POLLEN DEPOSITION; PLANT-POLLINATOR NETWORKS; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; DENSITY; COMPETITION; BIODIVERSITY; COMMUNITIES; NESTEDNESS; COMPLEXITY; MODULARITY AB Different modelling approaches have been used to relate the structure of mutualistic interactions with the stability of communities. However, inconsistencies arise when we compare modelling outcomes with the patterns of interactions observed in empirical studies. To shed light on these inconsistencies, we explored the network structure-stability relationship by incorporating the cost of mutualistic interactions, a long ignored feature of mutualisms, into population dynamics models. We assessed the changes in the relationship between network structure (species richness, connectance, modularity) and community stability (species persistence, resilience), and between network structure and community structural attributes (average abundance), using models with increasing levels of cost for mutualistic communities. We found that adding the potential cost of mutualistic interactions affected the strength of the network structure-stability relationship. Our results revive the question of whether the structure of mutualistic networks determines community stability. C1 [Peralta, Guadalupe; Vazquez, Diego P.] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, Inst Argentine Invest Zonas Aridas, Mendoza, Argentina. [Peralta, Guadalupe; Vazquez, Diego P.] Univ Nacl Cuyo, Fac Ciencias Exactas & Nat, Mendoza, Argentina. [Stouffer, Daniel B.] Univ Canterbury, Ctr Integrat Ecol, Sch Biol Sci, Christchurch, New Zealand. [Bringa, Eduardo M.] Univ Mendoza, Fac Ingn, CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina. [Bringa, Eduardo M.] Univ Mayor, Ctr Nanotecnol Aplicada, Fac Ciencias, Santiago, Chile. RP Peralta, G (reprint author), Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, Inst Argentine Invest Zonas Aridas, Mendoza, Argentina. EM gdlp.peralta@gmail.com OI Vazquez, Diego P./0000-0002-3449-5748 FU FONCYTFONCyT [PICT 2014-3168]; CONICETConsejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET); People Programme (Marie Curie Actions) of the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013, REA grant)European Union (EU) [609305]; Rutherford Discovery Fellowship from New Zealand Goverment [RDF-13-UOC-003] FX This research was funded through a grant from FONCYT (PICT 2014-3168) and a CONICET post-doctoral fellowship to GP. EB and DPV are career researchers with CONICET. DPV was also partly funded by the People Programme (Marie Curie Actions) of the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013, REA grant agreement 609305). DBS acknowledges a Rutherford Discovery Fellowship (RDF-13-UOC-003) from New Zealand Goverment funding, managed by the Royal Society Te Aparangi. NR 57 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0030-1299 EI 1600-0706 J9 OIKOS JI Oikos DI 10.1111/oik.06503 EA JAN 2020 PG 9 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KF0KT UT WOS:000508940600001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Wong, MKL Guenard, B Lewis, OT AF Wong, Mark K. L. Guenard, Benoit Lewis, Owen T. TI The cryptic impacts of invasion: functional homogenization of tropical ant communities by invasive fire ants SO OIKOS LA English DT Article; Early Access DE beta diversity; functional diversity; functional rarity; functional trait; insect; intraspecific; invasive species; turnover ID PHYLOGENETIC STRUCTURE; WORKER POLYMORPHISM; SPECIES RICHNESS; ARGENTINE ANT; BODY-SIZE; HYMENOPTERA; DIVERSITY; ECOLOGY; CONSEQUENCES; ASSEMBLAGES AB The diversity and distribution of traits in an ecological community shapes its responses to change and the ecosystem processes it modulates. This 'functional diversity', however, is not necessarily a direct outcome of taxonomic diversity. Invasions by exotic insects occur in ecosystems worldwide, but there is limited understanding of how they impact functional diversity. We present the first comprehensive trait-based investigation of the impacts of an ant invasion, and the first incorporating intraspecific polymorphisms in species-level functional diversity. The fire ant Solenopsis invicta is an invasive species with a global distribution. Focusing on invaded and uninvaded plots in tropical grasslands of Hong Kong, we investigated how the presence of S. invicta affects the diversity and distribution of ant species and traits within and across communities, the functional identities of communities, and functionally unique species. Using trait probability density functions, we built trait spaces for 29 different species, and scaled up these components to calculate functional diversity at community and landscape levels. We found that invasion had limited effects on species and functional richness but pronounced effects on functional composition. Specifically, invaded communities had fewer functionally-unique individuals, and were characterized by species with narrower heads and bodies and shorter mandibles. Moreover, invaded communities showed substantially higher levels of functional redundancy (+56%) due to a clustering of trait values. Consequently, across the landscape, invaded communities displayed 23% less functional turnover than uninvaded communities despite showing comparable levels of taxonomic turnover - a result confirming theoretical predictions of the effects of high local functional redundancy. In sum, the presence of S. invicta alters the functional properties of multiple local communities selectively, resulting in functional homogenization across the landscape. The disparities between taxonomic and functional impacts of invasion highlight the need to consider how trait diversity across ecological scales shapes biodiversity and its responses to change. C1 [Wong, Mark K. L.; Lewis, Owen T.] Univ Oxford, Dept Zool, South Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3PS, England. [Guenard, Benoit] Univ Hong Kong, Sch Biol Sci, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. RP Wong, MKL (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Dept Zool, South Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3PS, England. EM mark.wong@zoo.ox.ac.uk OI Wong, Mark K L/0000-0002-6248-3103 FU National Geographic GrantNational Geographic Society [60-16]; University of Oxford Clarendon Scholarship FX This work was supported by a National Geographic Grant (60-16) and a University of Oxford Clarendon Scholarship to MKLW. NR 71 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0030-1299 EI 1600-0706 J9 OIKOS JI Oikos DI 10.1111/oik.06870 EA JAN 2020 PG 13 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KF0MT UT WOS:000508946000001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Cameron, RWF Brindley, P Mears, M McEwan, K Ferguson, F Sheffield, D Jorgensen, A Riley, J Goodrick, J Ballard, L Richardson, M AF Cameron, Ross W. F. Brindley, Paul Mears, Meghann McEwan, Kirsten Ferguson, Fiona Sheffield, David Jorgensen, Anna Riley, Julie Goodrick, Jon Ballard, Liz Richardson, Miles TI Where the wild things are! Do urban green spaces with greater avian biodiversity promote more positive emotions in humans? SO URBAN ECOSYSTEMS LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Biodiversity; Birds; Green space; Health; Nature; Quality; Well-being ID QUALITY; HEALTH; PERCEPTION; BENEFITS; MOOD; ENVIRONMENT; CONNECTION; PHYSIOLOGY; PREDICTORS; WILDERNESS AB Urban green space can help mitigate the negative impacts of urban living and provide positive effects on citizens' mood, health and well-being. Questions remain, however, as to whether all types of green space are equally beneficial, and if not, what landscape forms or key features optimise the desired benefits. For example, it has been cited that urban landscapes rich in wildlife (high biodiversity) may promote more positive emotions and enhance well-being. This research utilised a mobile phone App, employed to assess people's emotions when they entered any one of 945 green spaces within the city of Sheffield, UK. Emotional responses were correlated to key traits of the individual green spaces, including levels of biodiversity the participant perceived around them. For a subsample of these green spaces, actual levels of biodiversity were assessed through avian and habitat surveys. Results demonstrated strong correlations between levels of avian biodiversity within a green space and human emotional response to that space. Respondents reported being happier in sites with greater avian biodiversity (p < 0.01, r = 0.78) and a greater variety of habitats (p < 0.02, r = 0.72). Relationships were strengthened when emotions were linked to perceptions of overall biodiversity (p < 0.001, r = 0.89). So, when participants thought the site was wildlife rich, they reported more positive emotions, even when actual avian biodiversity levels were not necessarily enhanced. The data strengthens the arguments that nature enhances well-being through positive affect, and that increased 'engagement with nature' may help support human health within urban environments. The results have strong implications for city planning with respect to the design, management and use of city green spaces. C1 [Cameron, Ross W. F.; Brindley, Paul; Mears, Meghann; Jorgensen, Anna] Univ Sheffield, Dept Landscape Architecture, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England. [McEwan, Kirsten; Ferguson, Fiona; Sheffield, David; Richardson, Miles] Univ Derby, Human Sci Res Ctr, Derby, England. [Riley, Julie; Goodrick, Jon; Ballard, Liz] Sheffield & Rotherham Wildlife Trust, Sheffield S2 2SF, S Yorkshire, England. RP Cameron, RWF (reprint author), Univ Sheffield, Dept Landscape Architecture, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England. EM r.w.cameron@sheffield.ac.uk FU [NE/N013565/1] FX This research was conducted as part of the Improving Wellbeing through Urban Nature-IWUN project, and the authors are grateful for the Valuing Nature Programme (Natural Environment Research Council et al. -Award NE/N013565/1) for funding this work. We are also grateful to Paul Liptrot, Sara Blackburn and Rebecca Davenport (SRWT) for GIS mapping linked to the avian surveys. NR 112 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1083-8155 EI 1573-1642 J9 URBAN ECOSYST JI Urban Ecosyst. DI 10.1007/s11252-020-00929-z EA JAN 2020 PG 17 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Urban Studies SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Urban Studies GA KF5SE UT WOS:000509300900001 OA Other Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Akanuwe, JNA Black, S Owen, S Siriwardena, AN AF Akanuwe, Joseph N. A. Black, Sharon Owen, Sara Siriwardena, Aloysius Niroshan TI Communicating cancer risk in the primary care consultation when using a cancer risk assessment tool: Qualitative study with service users and practitioners SO HEALTH EXPECTATIONS LA English DT Article; Early Access DE cancer risk assessment tools; cancer risk communication; general practitioners; primary care; QCancer; service user views ID SHARED DECISION-MAKING; MINORITY ETHNIC-GROUPS; UNDER-REPRESENTATION; IDENTIFYING PATIENTS; SUPPORT TOOLS; INFORMATION; PROBABILITY; VALIDATION; PERCEPTION; INTERVIEWS AB Background Cancer risk assessment tools are designed to help detect cancer risk in symptomatic individuals presenting to primary care. An early detection of cancer risk could mean early referral for investigations, diagnosis and treatment, helping to address late diagnosis of cancer. It is not clear how best cancer risk may be communicated to patients when using a cancer risk assessment tool to assess their risk of developing cancer. Objective We aimed to explore the perspectives of service users and primary care practitioners on communicating cancer risk information to patients, when using QCancer, a cancer risk assessment tool. Design A qualitative study involving the use of individual interviews and focus groups. Setting and participants Conducted in primary care settings in Lincolnshire with a convenience sample of 36 participants (19 service users who were members of the public) and 17 primary care practitioners (general practitioners and practice nurses). Results Participants suggested ways to improve communication of cancer risk information: personalizing risk information; involving patients in use of the tool; sharing risk information openly; and providing sufficient time when using the tool during consultations. Conclusion Communication of cancer risk information is complex and difficult. We identified strategies for improving communication with patients involving cancer risk estimations in primary care consultations. C1 [Akanuwe, Joseph N. A.; Black, Sharon; Siriwardena, Aloysius Niroshan] Univ Lincoln, Sch Hlth & Social Care, Community & Hlth Res Unit, Lincoln LN5 7AT, England. [Owen, Sara] Waterford Inst Technol, Waterford, Ireland. RP Akanuwe, JNA (reprint author), Univ Lincoln, Sch Hlth & Social Care, Community & Hlth Res Unit, Lincoln LN5 7AT, England. EM jakanuwe@lincoln.ac.uk RI Siriwardena, Aloysius/M-3805-2017 OI Siriwardena, Aloysius/0000-0003-2484-8201 FU Lincolnshire Partnership Foundation NHS Foundation Trust grant FX This study was part funded by a Lincolnshire Partnership Foundation NHS Foundation Trust grant. NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1369-6513 EI 1369-7625 J9 HEALTH EXPECT JI Health Expect. DI 10.1111/hex.13016 EA JAN 2020 PG 10 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA KF1FU UT WOS:000508997100001 PM 31967704 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Gao, JX Wang, Y Zou, CX Xu, DL Lin, NF Wang, LX Zhang, K AF Gao, Jixi Wang, Yan Zou, Changxin Xu, Delin Lin, Naifeng Wang, Lixia Zhang, Kun TI China's ecological conservation redline: A solution for future nature conservation SO AMBIO LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Application; Delimitation; Ecological conservation redline; Nature conservation; Protected area system ID PRIORITY AREAS; NATURE-RESERVE; RED LINES; PERSPECTIVES; MANAGEMENT; CORRIDORS; NETWORK AB Globally, continuing environmental degradation is leading many countries to strengthen their systems of protected areas. However, this may not be sufficient to halt degradation and conserve biodiversity and ecosystem services. To supplement its growing system of protected areas, the Chinese government is adopting a strategy of Ecological Conservation Redlines (ECRs). The ECRs define limits to human encroachment into ecologically sensitive and vulnerable areas and enforce strict conservation in order to guarantee national ecological security. ECRs are integrated in their design, are based on sound science, and provide a systemic management mechanism. ECR supports the formation of a comprehensive ecological conservation system that will lead to effective conservation for the most ecologically valuable and fragile ecosystems. The ECR approach seeks to improve China's ecological security and guide nature conservation in the future. It could also provide a valuable example of an effective approach for improving nature conservation worldwide. C1 [Gao, Jixi; Wang, Lixia] Minist Ecol & Environm, Ctr Satellite Applicat Ecol & Environm, Yongfeng Ind Base, Fengde East Rd 4, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Wang, Yan; Zou, Changxin; Xu, Delin; Lin, Naifeng; Zhang, Kun] Nanjing Inst Environm Sci, Minist Ecol & Environm Peoples Republ China, Nanjing, Peoples R China. RP Gao, JX (reprint author), Minist Ecol & Environm, Ctr Satellite Applicat Ecol & Environm, Yongfeng Ind Base, Fengde East Rd 4, Beijing, Peoples R China.; Wang, Y (reprint author), Nanjing Inst Environm Sci, Minist Ecol & Environm Peoples Republ China, Nanjing, Peoples R China. EM gjx@nies.org; wangyan@nies.org; zcx@nies.org; xudelin11@163.com; linkaola_1986@163.com; wanglixia2034@163.com; zhangkun@nies.org FU National Key Research and Development Program of China [2017YFC0506606]; Municipal Natural Science Foundation [BK20170112] FX This work was jointly supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFC0506606) and the Municipal Natural Science Foundation (BK20170112). We are very grateful to Dr. Jeffrey A. McNeely for going to great lengths in revising the language. NR 56 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0044-7447 EI 1654-7209 J9 AMBIO JI Ambio DI 10.1007/s13280-019-01307-6 EA JAN 2020 PG 11 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KE7HZ UT WOS:000508724100001 PM 31970688 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Giannini, TC Alves, DA Alves, R Cordeiro, GD Campbell, AJ Awade, M Bento, JMS Saraiva, AM Imperatriz-Fonseca, VL AF Giannini, Tereza Cristina Alves, Denise Araujo Alves, Ronnie Cordeiro, Guaraci Duran Campbell, Alistair John Awade, Marcelo Bento, Jose Mauricio Simoes Saraiva, Antonio Mauro Imperatriz-Fonseca, Vera Lucia TI Unveiling the contribution of bee pollinators to Brazilian crops with implications for bee management SO APIDOLOGIE LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Agricultural production; Biodiversity; Ecosystem services; Tropical crop pollinators ID STINGLESS BEES; HONEY-BEE; SOLITARY BEES; WILD; BIODIVERSITY; HYMENOPTERA; YIELD; DESTRUCTION; ALFALFA; BROOD AB The need for basic information on tropical crop pollinators remains a key priority. Here, we used a dataset on Brazilian bee-crop interactions to determine important bee species for crop pollination and discuss their management in Brazilian croplands. We developed an analytical approach to select key bee species and genera from datasets based on different criteria, selecting only interactions reported as effective pollination events. Data on pollination included 261 records of unique crop-pollinator interaction, 144 bee species, and 23 crops. Despite the importance of social species, solitary bees accounted for 56% of the observed interactions. Of the 14 most important species, eight are solitary and six are social. A few of the selected species are already reared in Brazil, e.g., honeybees and some stingless bees, but practical knowledge on their management for crop pollination is poorly disseminated among farmers, hindering such an application. C1 [Giannini, Tereza Cristina; Alves, Ronnie; Awade, Marcelo; Imperatriz-Fonseca, Vera Lucia] Inst Tecnol Vale, Belem, Para, Brazil. [Giannini, Tereza Cristina; Saraiva, Antonio Mauro] Univ Sao Paulo, Escola Politecn, Dept Engn Comp & Sistemas Digitais, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. [Alves, Denise Araujo; Bento, Jose Mauricio Simoes] Univ Sao Paulo, Escola Super Agr Luiz de Queiroz, Dept Entomol & Acarol, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. [Alves, Ronnie] Univ Fed Para, Programa Posgrad Ciencia Comp, Belem, Para, Brazil. [Cordeiro, Guaraci Duran] Univ Salzburg, Dept Biosci, Salzburg, Austria. [Campbell, Alistair John] Embrapa Amazonia Oriental, Belem, Para, Brazil. [Imperatriz-Fonseca, Vera Lucia] Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Ecol, Inst Biociencias, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. RP Giannini, TC (reprint author), Inst Tecnol Vale, Belem, Para, Brazil.; Giannini, TC (reprint author), Univ Sao Paulo, Escola Politecn, Dept Engn Comp & Sistemas Digitais, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. EM tereza.giannini@itv.org OI Bento, Jose Mauricio Simoes/0000-0001-8655-5178; Giannini, Tereza/0000-0001-9830-1204; Alves, Denise Araujo/0000-0001-6525-427X FU Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq)National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) [472702/2013-0, 149154/2018-6]; Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior-Brasil (CAPES)CAPES [001] FX The Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq, 472702/2013-0 to TGC and 149154/2018-6 to DAA) and the Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior-Brasil (CAPES)-Finance Code 001 (to DAA) provided financial support. NR 68 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU SPRINGER FRANCE PI PARIS PA 22 RUE DE PALESTRO, PARIS, 75002, FRANCE SN 0044-8435 EI 1297-9678 J9 APIDOLOGIE JI Apidologie DI 10.1007/s13592-019-00727-3 EA JAN 2020 PG 16 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA KE7GH UT WOS:000508719700002 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Eduardo, LN Bertrand, A Fredou, T Lira, AS Lima, RS Ferreira, BP Menard, F Lucena-Fredou, F AF Eduardo, Leandro Nole Bertrand, Arnaud Fredou, Thierry Lira, Alex Souza Lima, Rayssa Siqueira Ferreira, Beatrice Padovani Menard, Frederic Lucena-Fredou, Flavia TI Biodiversity, ecology, fisheries, and use and trade of Tetraodontiformes fishes reveal their socio-ecological significance along the tropical Brazilian continental shelf SO AQUATIC CONSERVATION-MARINE AND FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEMS LA English DT Article; Early Access DE coral; underwater footages; habitat loss; climate change; aquarium trade; poison-fish ID PATTERNS; COAST; ATLANTIC; HABITAT; CAUGHT; STATE AB Tetraodontiformes fishes play a critical role in benthic and demersal communities and are facing threats due to anthropogenic impacts and climate change. However, they are poorly studied worldwide. To improve knowledge on the socio-ecological significance and conservation of Tetraodontiformes a review of literature addressing the diversity, ecology, use and trade, conservation, and main threats of Tetraodontiformes combined with a comprehensive in situ dataset from two broad-range multidisciplinary oceanographic surveys performed along the Tropical Brazilian Continental Shelf was undertaken. Twenty-nine species were identified, being primarily found on coral reefs and algal ecosystems. At these habitats, tetraodontids present highly diversified trophic categories and might play an important role by balancing the marine food web Coral reef ecosystems, especially those near to the shelf break, seem to be the most important areas of Tetraodontiformes fishes, concentrating the highest values of species richness, relative abundance and the uncommon and Near Threatened species. Ninety per cent of species are commonly caught as bycatch, being also used in the ornamental trade (69%) and as food (52%), serving as an important source of income for artisanal local fisheries. Tetraodontiformes are threatened by unregulated fisheries, overexploitation, bycatch, and habitat loss due to coral reef degradation and the potential effects of climate change. These factors are more broadly impacting global biodiversity, food security, and other related ecosystem functions upon which humans and many other organisms rely. We recommend the following steps that could improve the conservation of Tetraodontiformes along the tropical Brazilian Continental shelf and elsewhere: (i) data collection of the commercial, incidental, ornamental and recreational catches; (ii) improvement of the current legislation directed at the marine ornamental harvesting; (iii) increase efforts focused on the education and conservation awareness in coastal tourism and communities; and, most important, (iv) creation of marine reserves networks in priority areas of conservation, protecting either the species and key habitats for its survival. C1 [Eduardo, Leandro Nole; Bertrand, Arnaud; Fredou, Thierry; Lira, Alex Souza; Lima, Rayssa Siqueira; Lucena-Fredou, Flavia] Univ Fed Rural Pernambuco, Dept Pesca & Aquicultura, Rua D Manuel de Medeiros Sn, BR-52171900 Recife, PE, Brazil. [Bertrand, Arnaud; Ferreira, Beatrice Padovani] Univ Fed Pernambuco, Dept Oceanog, Recife, PE, Brazil. [Eduardo, Leandro Nole; Bertrand, Arnaud] Univ Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, IRD,MARBEC, Sete, France. [Menard, Frederic] Univ Toulon & Var, CNRS, IRD, MIO,Aix Marseille Univ, Marseille, France. RP Eduardo, LN (reprint author), Univ Fed Rural Pernambuco, Dept Pesca & Aquicultura, Rua D Manuel de Medeiros Sn, BR-52171900 Recife, PE, Brazil. EM leandronole@hotmail.com FU HUMANIZE [011/2019]; European UnionEuropean Union (EU); CAPES/COFECUBCAPES [88881.142689/2017-01]; CNPq (Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development)National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq); FUNBIO; PADDLE project [73427] FX FUNBIO and HUMANIZE, Grant/Award Number: Conservando o Futuro 2018 (011/2019); European Union's Horizon 2020; PADDLE project, Grant/Award Number: 73427; CAPES/COFECUB, Grant/Award Number: 88881.142689/2017-01; CNPq (Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development) NR 88 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1052-7613 EI 1099-0755 J9 AQUAT CONSERV JI Aquat. Conserv.-Mar. Freshw. Ecosyst. DI 10.1002/aqc.3278 EA JAN 2020 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA KE3VI UT WOS:000508486400001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Callaghan, CT Roberts, JD Poore, AGB Alford, RA Cogger, H Rowley, JJL AF Callaghan, Corey T. Roberts, J. Dale Poore, Alistair G. B. Alford, Ross A. Cogger, Hal Rowley, Jodi J. L. TI Citizen science data accurately predicts expert-derived species richness at a continental scale when sampling thresholds are met SO BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Citizen science; Species richness; Frogs; Anurans; FrogID ID BIODIVERSITY; PATTERNS; FROGS; DETECTABILITY; DIVERSITY; HABITAT; SPACE; ANURA; TIME; BIAS AB Understanding species richness patterns in time and space is critical for conservation management and ecological analyses. But estimates of species richness for a given place are often imprecise and incomplete, even when derived from expert-validated range maps. The current uptake of citizen science in natural resource management, conservation, and ecology offers great potential for extensive data to define species occurrence and richness patterns in the future. Yet, studies are needed to validate these richness patterns and ensure these data are fit-for-purpose. We compared data from a continental-scale citizen science project-FrogID-with expert-derived range maps to assess how well the former predicts species richness patterns in space. We then investigated how many citizen science submissions are necessary to fully sample the underlying frog community. There was a strong positive association between citizen science species richness estimates and estimates derived from an expert-derived map of frog distributions. An average of 153 citizen science submissions were necessary to fully-sample frog richness based on the expert-derived frog richness. Sampling effort in the citizen science project was negatively correlated with the remoteness of an area: less remote areas were more likely to have a greater number of citizen science submissions and be fully sampled. This suggests that scientists will likely need to rely on professionals for data collection in remote regions. We conclude that a citizen science project that has been running for similar to 18 months, can accurately predict frog species richness at a continental scale compared with an expert-derived map based on similar to 240 years of data accumulation. At large-scales, biodiversity data derived from citizen science projects will likely play a prominent role in the future of biodiversity and conservation. C1 [Callaghan, Corey T.; Rowley, Jodi J. L.] UNSW Sydney, Sch Biol Earth & Environm Sci, Ctr Ecosyst Sci, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [Callaghan, Corey T.; Poore, Alistair G. B.] UNSW Sydney, Sch Biol Earth & Environm Sci, Ecol & Evolut Res Ctr, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [Callaghan, Corey T.; Cogger, Hal; Rowley, Jodi J. L.] Australian Museum, Australian Museum Res Inst, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [Roberts, J. Dale] Univ Western Australia, Sch Biol Sci, Albany, WA, Australia. [Alford, Ross A.] James Cook Univ, Coll Sci & Engn, Douglas, Qld, Australia. RP Callaghan, CT (reprint author), UNSW Sydney, Sch Biol Earth & Environm Sci, Ctr Ecosyst Sci, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; Callaghan, CT (reprint author), UNSW Sydney, Sch Biol Earth & Environm Sci, Ecol & Evolut Res Ctr, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; Callaghan, CT (reprint author), Australian Museum, Australian Museum Res Inst, Sydney, NSW, Australia. EM c.callaghan@unsw.edu.au OI Callaghan, Corey/0000-0003-0415-2709; Poore, Alistair/0000-0002-3560-3659 NR 85 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0960-3115 EI 1572-9710 J9 BIODIVERS CONSERV JI Biodivers. Conserv. DI 10.1007/s10531-020-01937-3 EA JAN 2020 PG 15 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KE6VR UT WOS:000508692100001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU de Aguiar, HJAC Barros, LAC Silveira, LI Petitclerc, F Etienne, S Orivel, J AF Alves Cardoso de Aguiar, Hilton Jeferson Campos Barros, Luisa Antonia Silveira, Linda Ines Petitclerc, Frederic Etienne, Sandrine Orivel, Jerome TI Cytogenetic data for sixteen ant species from North-eastern Amazonia with phylogenetic insights into three subfamilies SO COMPARATIVE CYTOGENETICS LA English DT Article DE Formicidae; karyotype; Neotropical ants; biodiversity ID HYMENOPTERA-FORMICIDAE PONERINAE; KARYOTYPE DIFFERENTIATION; CHROMOSOME EVOLUTION; CLONAL REPRODUCTION; MYRMICINAE; CREMATOGASTER; ODONTOMACHUS; DIVERSITY; FABRICIUS; ANOCHETUS AB Ants play essential roles in most terrestrial ecosystems and may be considered pests for agriculture and agroforestry. Recent morphological and molecular data have challenged conventional ant phylogeny and the interpretation of karyotypic variations. Existing Neotropical ant cytogenetic data focus on Atlantic rainforest species, and provide evolutionary and taxonomic insight. However, there are data for only 18 Amazonian species. In this study, we describe the karyotypes of 16 ant species belonging to 12 genera and three subfamilies, collected in the Brazilian state of Amapa, and in French Guiana. The karyotypes of six specks are described for the first time, including that of the South American genus Allomerus Mayr, 1878. The karyotype of Crematogaster Lund, 1831 is also described for the first time for the New World. For other species, extant data for geographically distinct populations was compared with our own data, e.g. for the leafcutter ants Acromyrmex balzani (Emery, 1890) and Atta sexdens (Linnaeus, 1758). The information obtained for the karyotype of Dolichoderus imitator Emery, 1894 differs from extant data from the Atlantic forest, thereby highlighting the importance of population cytogenetic approaches. This study also emphasizes the need for good chromosome preparations for studying karyotype structure. C1 [Alves Cardoso de Aguiar, Hilton Jeferson; Campos Barros, Luisa Antonia] Univ Fed Amapa, Campus Binaclional Oiapoque,BR 156, BR-68980000 Oiapoque, Amapa, Brazil. [Silveira, Linda Ines] Univ Fed Vicosa, Lab Sistemat Mol Beagle, Dept Biol Anim, Av PH Rolfs S-N, BR-35570900 Vicosa, MG, Brazil. [Petitclerc, Frederic; Etienne, Sandrine; Orivel, Jerome] Univ Antilles, Univ Guyane, INRA, CNRS,UMR EcoFoG,AgroParisTech,CIRAD, Campus Agron,BP 316, F-97379 Kourou, France. RP Barros, LAC (reprint author), Univ Fed Amapa, Campus Binaclional Oiapoque,BR 156, BR-68980000 Oiapoque, Amapa, Brazil. EM luufv@yahoo.com.br FU "Investissement d'Avenir" grantsFrench National Research Agency (ANR) [ANR-11-LA-BX-0010, ANR-10-LABX-25-01]; Programa de Aux-ilio ao Pesquisador -PAPESQ/UNIFAP/2017; PO-FEDER 2014-2020, Region Guyane (BiNG) [GY0007194]; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq)National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) FX Financial support for this study was provided by "Investissement d'Avenir" grants man-aged by the French Agence Nationale de la Recherche (DRIIHM ref. ANR-11-LA-BX-0010 and CEBA, ref. ANR-10-LABX-25-01), by the Programa de Aux-ilio ao Pesquisador -PAPESQ/UNIFAP/2017, by the PO-FEDER 2014-2020, Region Guyane (BiNG, ref. GY0007194), and by the scholarship grant from Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq) to LIS. NR 59 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PENSOFT PUBLISHERS PI SOFIA PA 12 PROF GEORGI ZLATARSKI ST, SOFIA, 1700, BULGARIA SN 1993-0771 EI 1993-078X J9 COMP CYTOGENET JI Comp. Cytogenet. PD JAN 22 PY 2020 VL 14 IS 1 BP 43 EP 60 DI 10.3897/CompCytogen.v14i1.46692 PG 18 WC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Zoology SC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Zoology GA KE9OM UT WOS:000508879800001 PM 32021662 OA DOAJ Gold, Green Published DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Baskett, CA Schroeder, L Weber, MG Schemske, DW AF Baskett, Carina A. Schroeder, Lucy Weber, Marjorie G. Schemske, Douglas W. TI Multiple metrics of latitudinal patterns in insect pollination and herbivory for a tropical-temperate congener pair SO ECOLOGICAL MONOGRAPHS LA English DT Article DE biogeography; biotic interactions hypothesis; herbivory; latitudinal gradient; palatability; plant defense; plant-insect interactions; pollination; species interactions ID PLANT DEFENSE; GLOBAL PATTERNS; EVOLUTIONARY ECOLOGY; GEOGRAPHIC PATTERNS; GRADIENTS; DIVERSITY; BIODIVERSITY; BIOGEOGRAPHY; RESISTANCE; TOLERANCE AB The biotic interactions hypothesis posits that biotic interactions are more important drivers of adaptation closer to the equator, evidenced by "stronger" contemporary interactions (e.g., greater interaction rates) and/or patterns of trait evolution consistent with a history of stronger interactions. Support for the hypothesis is mixed, but few studies span tropical and temperate regions while experimentally controlling for evolutionary history. Here, we integrate field observations and common garden experiments to quantify the relative importance of pollination and herbivory in a pair of tropical-temperate congeneric perennial herbs. Phytolacca rivinoides and P. americana are pioneer species native to the Neotropics and the eastern United States, respectively. We compared plant-pollinator and plant-herbivore interactions between three tropical populations of P. rivinoides from Costa Rica and three temperate populations of P. americana from its northern range edge in Michigan and Ohio. For some metrics of interaction importance, we also included three subtropical populations of P. americana from its southern range edge in Florida. This approach confounds species and region but allows us, uniquely, to measure complementary proxies of interaction importance across a tropical-temperate range in one system. To test the prediction that lower-latitude plants are more reliant on insect pollinators, we quantified floral display and reward, insect visitation rates, and self-pollination ability (autogamy). To test the prediction that lower-latitude plants experience more herbivore pressure, we quantified herbivory rates, herbivore abundance, and leaf palatability. We found evidence supporting the biotic interactions hypothesis for most comparisons between P. rivinoides and north-temperate P. americana (floral display, insect visitation, autogamy, herbivory, herbivore abundance, and young-leaf palatability). Results for subtropical P. americana populations, however, were typically not intermediate between P. rivinoides and north-temperate P. americana, as would be predicted by a linear latitudinal gradient in interaction importance. Subtropical young-leaf palatability was intermediate, but subtropical mature leaves were the least palatable, and pollination-related traits did not differ between temperate and subtropical regions. These nonlinear patterns of interaction importance suggest future work to link interaction importance to climatic or biotic thresholds. In sum, we found that the biotic interactions hypothesis was more consistently supported at the larger spatial scale of our study. C1 [Baskett, Carina A.; Weber, Marjorie G.; Schemske, Douglas W.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Biol, Ecol Evolutionary Biol & Behav Program, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Schroeder, Lucy] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Schemske, Douglas W.] Michigan State Univ, WK Kellogg Biol Stn, Hickory Corners, MI 49060 USA. [Baskett, Carina A.] IST Austria, Campus 1, A-3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria. RP Baskett, CA (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Biol, Ecol Evolutionary Biol & Behav Program, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.; Baskett, CA (reprint author), IST Austria, Campus 1, A-3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria. EM cabaskett@gmail.com FU Organization for Tropical Studies Research Fellowship (Emily Foster Fellowship); Michigan State University Distinguished Fellowship; National Science Foundation DEB grant [1456615]; European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie SklodowskaCurie GrantEuropean Union (EU) [754411] FX Assistance with identification of floral visitor specimens and their pollen loads was kindly provided by Thomas Wood (Michigan State University). We thank C. V. Covell, Jr. (University of Florida, Gainesville) for assistance with identification of herbivore species. We thank Olbert and Susana Mesen, Juan Manuel Ley at Tirimbina Biological Reserve, Erica Andrews and Matt Hogan at Finca Bellavista, and the Grieb family for allowing data and seed collection on their properties. Betsey Boughton (MacArthur Agroecology Ranch), Vince Morris (Withlacoochee State Forest), and the McPhee family helped with seed collections of P. americana. We thank Reinaldo Aguilar, Reyder Mesen, Emma Clark, Carolyn Graham, Keegan Mackin, Glenda Mesen, Abby Sulesky, Alyssa Tretheway, and Andie Veach for substantial assistance with data collection. Eric LoPresti, Michael Foisy, and Luke Zehr helped identify floral visitors from videos. Jen Lau, Gary Mittelbach, Jeff Conner, and the Weber and Wetzel labs provided invaluable feedback on analyses and drafts. Feedback from two anonymous reviewers and the Editor, Nora Underwood, greatly improved the quality of the manuscript. Research funding was provided by an Organization for Tropical Studies Research Fellowship (Emily Foster Fellowship) and support from the Michigan State University Distinguished Fellowship, National Science Foundation DEB grant 1456615, and the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie SklodowskaCurie Grant Agreement No. 754411. Author contributions: C. A. Baskett, M. G. Weber, and D. W. Schemske contributed to study design, obtaining funding, and editing. C. A. Baskett and L. Schroeder collected data. C. A. Baskett analyzed data and wrote the article. NR 91 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0012-9615 EI 1557-7015 J9 ECOL MONOGR JI Ecol. Monogr. PD FEB PY 2020 VL 90 IS 1 DI 10.1002/ecm.1397 EA JAN 2020 PG 17 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KI4XT UT WOS:000508511600001 OA Bronze DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Dahal, N Kumar, S Noon, BR Nayak, R Lama, RP Ramakrishnan, U AF Dahal, Nishma Kumar, Sunil Noon, Barry R. Nayak, Rajat Lama, Rinzin Phunjok Ramakrishnan, Uma TI The role of geography, environment, and genetic divergence on the distribution of pikas in the Himalaya SO ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Indicator species; Kernel density; niche breadth; noninvasive; pika ID CLIMATE-CHANGE IMPACTS; RANGE SIZE; OCHOTONA LAGOMORPHA; NICHE BREADTH; DIVERSITY; OVERLAP; CONSERVATISM; BIODIVERSITY; COMMUNITIES; ASSEMBLAGES AB Pikas (Ochotona Link, 1795) are high-altitude specialist species making them a useful bioindicator species to warming in high-altitude ecosystem. The Himalayan Mountains are an important part of their range, supporting approximately 23%-25% of total pika species worldwide, yet we lack basic information on the distribution patterns. We combine field-based surveys with genetics-based identification and phylogeny to identify differences in species-environment relationships. Further, we suggest putative evolutionary causes for the observed niche patterns. Location Himalayan high-altitude region. Methods We sampled 11 altitudinal transects (ranging from 2,000 to 5,000 m) in the Himalaya to establish occurrence records. We collected 223 species records using genetic analyses to confirm species' identity (based on some invasive and mostly noninvasive biological samples). Niche and geographic overlap were estimated using kernel density estimates. Results Most pikas in the Himalaya span wide elevation ranges and exhibit extensive spatial overlap with other species. However, even in areas of high species diversity, we found species to have a distinct environmental niche. Despite apparent overlapping distributions at broad spatial scales, in our field surveys, we encountered few cases of co-occurrence of species in the sampled transects. Deeply diverged sister-species pair had the least environmental niche overlap despite having the highest geographic range overlap. In contrast, sister-species pair with shallow genetic divergence had a higher environmental niche overlap but was geographically isolated. We hypothesize that the extent of environmental niche divergence in pikas is a function of divergence time within the species complex. We assessed vulnerability of species to future climate change using environmental niche and geographic breadth sizes as a proxies. Our findings suggest that O. sikimaria may be the most vulnerable species. Ochotona roylii appears to have the most unique environmental niche space, with least niche overlap with other pika species from the study area. C1 [Dahal, Nishma; Ramakrishnan, Uma] TIFR, Natl Ctr Biol Sci, GKVK Campus, Bangalore, Karnataka, India. [Dahal, Nishma] Nat Conservat Fdn, Mysore, Karnataka, India. [Dahal, Nishma] Manipal Acad Higher Educ, Manipal, India. [Kumar, Sunil; Noon, Barry R.] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Nayak, Rajat] Fdn Ecol Res Advocacy & Learning, Morattandi, Tamil Nadu, India. [Lama, Rinzin Phunjok] Inst Forestry Pokhara Campus, Pokhara, Nepal. RP Dahal, N; Ramakrishnan, U (reprint author), TIFR, Natl Ctr Biol Sci, Bellary Rd, Bangalore 65, Karnataka, India. EM dahal.nishma@gmail.com; dahal.nishma@gmail.com RI Dahal, Nishma/J-7393-2019 OI Dahal, Nishma/0000-0002-8241-7648 FU National Centre for Biological Sciences [2012/21/06/BNRS]; Department of Biotechnology [BT/01/NE/PS/NCBS/09]; 21st Century Knowledge Initiative project - United States-India Education Foundation FX National Centre for Biological Sciences, Grant/Award Number: Plan funds; DAE-SRC Outstanding Young Research Investigator Award, Grant/Award Number: 2012/21/06/BNRS; Department of Biotechnology programme project grant, Grant/Award Number: BT/01/NE/PS/NCBS/09; 21st Century Knowledge Initiative project funded by the United States-India Education Foundation NR 67 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2045-7758 J9 ECOL EVOL JI Ecol. Evol. DI 10.1002/ece3.6007 EA JAN 2020 PG 13 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA KE3PY UT WOS:000508472400001 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Uchida, K Kamura, K AF Uchida, Kei Kamura, Kanemasa TI Traditional Ecological Knowledge Maintains Useful Plant Diversity in Semi-natural Grasslands in the Kiso Region, Japan SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Edible plant; Grassland area; Horse; Human well-being; Landscape; Management practice ID ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; BIODIVERSITY; CONSERVATION; LANDSCAPE; FARMLAND; PERCEPTIONS; FRAMEWORK; DECLINE; POLICY AB Wild plant species provide a variety of ecosystem services that contribute to human well-being. However, much of the legacy of traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) in Japan is rapidly being lost because of environmental changes; therefore, it is important to study the relationship between TEK of ecosystem management practices and plant diversity. Our study area is located in the southwest of Nagano Prefecture, Japan. We compared plant diversity among three land management types including traditional, labor-saving, and land abandonment sites, where we recorded 103 useful plant species based on interviews concerning the traditional use of local ecological resources; among them, 45 species are used for horse livestock, 32 for agriculture, 16 as edible plants, and 19 for manufacture of diverse every-day life goods. Data analyses demonstrated that useful plant diversity was significantly higher in the traditional sites than in other sites. We found highly diverse traditional uses of plant species (e.g., edible plants, horse feed, and rainwear) provided by TEK of local management. These results imply that when local farmers perform traditional management practices, they increase plant species diversity. With our work we investigated the effect of the loss of cultural values and the impact of biodiversity changes on the opportunities that people have to use ecosystem resources in Japan. This aspect particularly highlights the urgency of reconnecting nature and people. Conservation planning based on TEK has been and will be vital in addressing the goal of reducing biodiversity loss on a global scale. C1 [Uchida, Kei] Univ Tokyo, Inst Sustainable Agroecosyst Serv, 1-1-1 Midori Cho, Nishi Tokyo 1880002, Japan. [Uchida, Kei] Kobe Univ, Grad Sch Human Dev & Environm, 3-11 Tsurukabuto, Kobe, Hyogo 6578501, Japan. [Kamura, Kanemasa] Kaida Museum Archeol, 2730-5 Nishino, Kaida, Kiso 3970302, Japan. RP Uchida, K (reprint author), Univ Tokyo, Inst Sustainable Agroecosyst Serv, 1-1-1 Midori Cho, Nishi Tokyo 1880002, Japan.; Uchida, K (reprint author), Kobe Univ, Grad Sch Human Dev & Environm, 3-11 Tsurukabuto, Kobe, Hyogo 6578501, Japan. EM k.uchida023@gmail.com FU Zoshinkai Fund for Protection of Endangered Animals; Nippon Life Insurance FoundationNippon Life Insurance Foundation FX We are grateful to an anonymous reviewer whose suggestions have much improved our draft of manuscript. And we thank Takeshi Suka, Yoshiko Tazawa, Kesao Taguchi, Atushi Ushimaru, and Daisuke Tochimoto for providing constructive comments on this study. We thank also Emi Uchida for supporting of this study. We thank Yuko Nagata, Kotaro Morimoto, Masayoshi K. Hiraiwa, and Toshiki Izumisawa for their assistance in field surveys. This study was partially supported by the grant-in-aid for JSPS Research Fellow No. 13J03127, Zoshinkai Fund for Protection of Endangered Animals, and Nippon Life Insurance Foundation to K.U. NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0364-152X EI 1432-1009 J9 ENVIRON MANAGE JI Environ. Manage. DI 10.1007/s00267-020-01255-y EA JAN 2020 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KE6UJ UT WOS:000508688700001 PM 31970431 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Akand, EH Downard, KM AF Akand, Elma H. Downard, Kevin M. TI Reimaging the Tree of Life Using a Mass Based Phylonumerics Approach SO EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Evolution; Mass; Mass spectrometry; Phylogenetics; Phylonumerics; Tree of life ID INFLUENZA-VIRUS; EVOLUTION; PROTEIN; IDENTIFICATION; PHYLOGENETICS; CONSTRUCTION; ALGORITHM AB Evolutionary relationships among and across species are almost exclusively examined through phylogenetic analysis based on trees constructed using gene sequences. Such trees are not without their limitations. Here we show that sets of numbers representing the masses of peptide segments within proteins encoded by those genes can also be used to construct trees of life employing a phylonumerics approach. A purpose built algorithm developed in this laboratory has been used to construct so-called mass trees from these numerical mass map datasets for hypothetical proteins encoded by the 16S/18S gene across all forms of life. A mass and conventional sequence tree built from 736 proteins across all six kingdoms of life (comprising 201 animals, 26 plants, 12 fungi, 13 protists, 236 archaea and 248 bacteria) show considerable similarity and demonstrate the broad viability of a phylonumerics approach for displaying and studying biodiversity and evolutionary history. A visual and computational comparison of mass trees and conventional sequence based trees, using several tree comparison algorithms, demonstrates that the former represent a reliable and effective means to study organismal evolution without the need for gene or protein sequences nor their alignment. The phylonumerics approach can also display mutational differences along the branches of these trees to allow for the study of molecular mechanisms that drive evolutionary change. C1 [Akand, Elma H.; Downard, Kevin M.] Univ New South Wales, Infect Dis Responses Lab, POWCS, Med, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. RP Downard, KM (reprint author), Univ New South Wales, Infect Dis Responses Lab, POWCS, Med, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. EM kevin.downard@unsw.edu.au NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0071-3260 EI 1934-2845 J9 EVOL BIOL JI Evol. Biol. DI 10.1007/s11692-020-09490-1 EA JAN 2020 PG 9 WC Evolutionary Biology SC Evolutionary Biology GA KE6WC UT WOS:000508693200001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Rosin, ZM Hiron, M Zmihorski, M Szymanski, P Tobolka, M Part, T AF Rosin, Zuzanna M. Hiron, Matthew Zmihorski, Michal Szymanski, Pawel Tobolka, Marcin Part, Tomas TI Reduced biodiversity in modernized villages: A conflict between sustainable development goals SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY LA English DT Article; Early Access DE architecture; building modernization; energy saving measures; farmland birds; house sparrow; rural settlement; sustainable development; urban habitat ID FARMLAND BIRDS; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; LANDSCAPE; CONSERVATION; EXPLORATION; FARMSTEADS AB Despite large conservation efforts to halt the loss of farmland biodiversity in Europe, negative population trends are still observed, especially for common species. Old villages and human settlements are biodiversity hotspots and important breeding habitats for farmland birds, but recent requirements for energy saving measures and improved living comfort have changed their architecture and habitats. Consequently, modernization of villages may negatively affect bird diversity due to the loss of nesting and foraging sites. We investigated how the abundance and diversity of birds breeding in 104 Polish villages varied in relation to the degree of modernization as estimated by the proportion of new and renovated homesteads. Abundance of building-nesting species, but not tree-nesting species, declined by 50% across a gradient of old to highly modernized villages. The contribution of new versus renovated houses to the observed decline was similar. Synthesis and applications. Rural modernization may have a dramatic effect on abundance of birds nesting on buildings, thus may be an important and overlooked contributor to farmland bird population declines in Europe. Villages and rural properties fall outside of current conservation policy as they are neither protected areas nor agricultural lands (where agri-environmental schemes can be applied). The observed conflict between sustainability goals such as increased building energy efficiency and biodiversity conservation suggests that sustainable rural development should better link modernization with conservation measures, for example, by constructing nesting sites when renovating and building new houses. The challenge is to design modern buildings that are both energy-efficient and biodiversity-friendly to generally improve quality of life for rural communities and to halt or reduce farmland bird declines in rural landscapes. Designers and architects can find inspiration from traditional architecture and add a variety of nest-box types. C1 [Rosin, Zuzanna M.; Hiron, Matthew; Part, Tomas] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Ecol, Uppsala, Sweden. [Rosin, Zuzanna M.] Adam Mickiewicz Univ, Inst Expt Biol, Dept Cell Biol, Fac Biol, Poznan, Poland. [Zmihorski, Michal] Polish Acad Sci, Mammal Res Inst, Bialowieza, Poland. [Szymanski, Pawel] Adam Mickiewicz Univ, Inst Environm Biol, Dept Behav Ecol, Fac Biol, Poznan, Poland. [Tobolka, Marcin] Poznan Univ Life Sci, Inst Zool, Poznan, Poland. RP Rosin, ZM (reprint author), Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Ecol, Uppsala, Sweden.; Rosin, ZM (reprint author), Adam Mickiewicz Univ, Inst Expt Biol, Dept Cell Biol, Fac Biol, Poznan, Poland. EM zuzanna.rosin@slu.se FU Ministerstwo Nauki i Szkolnictwa Wyzszego [1654/MOB/V/2017/0] FX Ministerstwo Nauki i Szkolnictwa Wyzszego, Grant/Award Number: 1654/MOB/V/2017/0 NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0021-8901 EI 1365-2664 J9 J APPL ECOL JI J. Appl. Ecol. DI 10.1111/1365-2664.13566 EA JAN 2020 PG 9 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KE5EP UT WOS:000508578900001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Gupta, N Everard, M Nautiyal, P Kochhar, I Sivakumar, K Johnson, JA Borgohain, A AF Gupta, Nishikant Everard, Mark Nautiyal, Prakash Kochhar, Ishaan Sivakumar, Kuppusamy Johnson, Jeyaraj Antony Borgohain, Atul TI Potential impacts of non-native fish on the threatened mahseer (Tor) species of the Indian Himalayan biodiversity hot spot SO AQUATIC CONSERVATION-MARINE AND FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEMS LA English DT Article; Early Access DE climate change; freshwater; Hindu Kush Himalaya; human stressors; India; invasive species AB Mahseer (Tor) fish species are critical components of locally adapted freshwater food webs across the Indian Himalayan biodiversity hotspot; however, multiple human stressors compounded by climate change have significantly depleted their populations over recent decades. Mahseer species are now considered locally vulnerable or endangered in many regions. Hydropower projects in particular have fragmented populations, impairing genetic exchange, obstructing migratory paths, and changing the structure and functioning of riverine habitats, especially of formerly fast-flowing rivers. Worryingly, a literature survey and group discussions reveal that the increasing spread of non-native fish species further compounds threats to mahseer and overall freshwater ecology. A better understanding of the current distribution, habitat requirement, and dispersal of non-native fish is therefore essential to manage the growing threats to mahseer in the Indian Himalayan region. C1 [Gupta, Nishikant] Int Ctr Integrated Mt Dev ICIMOD, Kathmandu, Nepal. [Everard, Mark] UWE, Bristol, Avon, England. [Nautiyal, Prakash] HNB Garhwal Univ, Srinagar, Uttarakhand, India. [Kochhar, Ishaan] Shaping Spaces Consultants Private Ltd, Sect 23 B, New Delhi 110077, India. [Sivakumar, Kuppusamy; Johnson, Jeyaraj Antony] Wildlife Inst India, Dehra Dun, Uttarakhand, India. [Borgohain, Atul] Assam Agr Univ, Dept Extens Educ, Jorhat, Assam, India. RP Gupta, N (reprint author), Int Ctr Integrated Mt Dev Livelihood, Kathmandu 4600, Nepal. EM nishikantgupta@live.in OI Everard, Mark/0000-0002-0251-8482; Gupta, Nishikant/0000-0002-8429-7707 NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1052-7613 EI 1099-0755 J9 AQUAT CONSERV JI Aquat. Conserv.-Mar. Freshw. Ecosyst. DI 10.1002/aqc.3275 EA JAN 2020 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA KE3UQ UT WOS:000508484600001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Inoue, K Pohl, AL Sei, M Lang, BK Berg, DJ AF Inoue, Kentaro Pohl, Alexa L. Sei, Makiri Lang, Brian K. Berg, David J. TI Use of species delimitation approaches to assess biodiversity in freshwater planaria (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida) from desert springs SO AQUATIC CONSERVATION-MARINE AND FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEMS LA English DT Article; Early Access DE biodiversity assessment; Chihuahuan Desert; conservation genetics; DNA barcoding; flatworms; multilocus coalescent models ID GENUS DUGESIA; CONSERVATION; DIVERSITY; BIOGEOGRAPHY; TURBELLARIA; AMPHIPODA; FLATWORMS; PHYLOGENY; SOFTWARE; GENETICS AB Chihuahuan Desert springs in New Mexico and Texas harbour many endemic aquatic species. Often, these taxa share similar phenotypic characters, making it difficult to assess biodiversity accurately. Even though free-living planaria (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida) occur in high densities, they are often omitted from biodiversity assessments of freshwater habitats owing to a lack of expertise in identifying them and lack of concern for conservation of these poorly known organisms. Using phylogenetic and species delimitation approaches, the diversity of planaria was examined from 12 springs in the northern Chihuahuan Desert. Mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences were used to reconstruct a phylogeny and then to delineate putative species from these springs via genetic distance and multispecies coalescent methods. The results showed that the planaria in the northern Chihuahuan Desert probably belong to four putative species; three of these are locally endemic, and the other is widely distributed across the region. These putative species may have experienced different evolutionary histories primarily because the locally endemic taxa have limited dispersal capabilities. The results suggest the need for morphological examination in order to allow the description of these putative species. This study not only uses DNA barcoding to estimate accurately the total diversity of freshwater planaria before conventional species identification, but also identifies hidden biodiversity in springs of the northern Chihuahuan Desert. These ecosystems require aggressive conservation action to protect vulnerable habitats that contain a wealth of endemic species. C1 [Inoue, Kentaro; Pohl, Alexa L.; Sei, Makiri] Miami Univ, Dept Biol, Oxford, OH 45056 USA. [Inoue, Kentaro] John G Shedd Aquarium, Daniel P Haerther Ctr Conservat & Res, 1200 South Lake Shore Dr, Chicago, IL 60605 USA. [Lang, Brian K.] New Mexico Dept Game & Fish, Santa Fe, NM USA. [Berg, David J.] Miami Univ, Dept Biol, Hamilton, OH USA. [Pohl, Alexa L.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, St Louis, MO USA. [Sei, Makiri] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC USA. RP Inoue, K (reprint author), John G Shedd Aquarium, Daniel P Haerther Ctr Conservat & Res, 1200 South Lake Shore Dr, Chicago, IL 60605 USA. EM kinoue@sheddaquarium.org OI Inoue, Kentaro/0000-0001-6087-3290 FU National Science FoundationNational Science Foundation (NSF) [DEB-0717064]; Miami University Undergraduate Research Award FX National Science Foundation, Grant/Award Number: DEB-0717064; Miami University Undergraduate Research Award NR 60 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1052-7613 EI 1099-0755 J9 AQUAT CONSERV JI Aquat. Conserv.-Mar. Freshw. Ecosyst. DI 10.1002/aqc.3273 EA JAN 2020 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA KE3TW UT WOS:000508482600001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Jamin, A Peintinger, M Gimmi, U Holderegger, R Bergamini, A AF Jamin, Anine Peintinger, Markus Gimmi, Urs Holderegger, Rolf Bergamini, Ariel TI Evidence for a possible extinction debt in Swiss wetland specialist plants SO ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article; Early Access DE bryophytes; extinction debt; habitat area; habitat fragmentation; nature conservation; vascular plants; wetlands ID CALCAREOUS GRASSLANDS; LONG-TERM; LAND-USE; HABITAT; FRAGMENTATION; BRYOPHYTES; CONSERVATION; TRAITS; FENS AB Habitat loss leading to smaller patch sizes and decreasing connectivity is a major threat to global biodiversity. While some species vanish immediately after a change in habitat conditions, others show delayed extinction, that is, an extinction debt. In case of an extinction debt, the current species richness is higher than expected under present habitat conditions. We investigated wetlands of the canton of Zurich in the lowlands of Eastern Switzerland where a wetland loss of 90% over the last 150 years occurred. We related current species richness to current and past patch area and connectivity (in 1850, 1900, 1950, and 2000). We compared current with predicted species richness in wetlands with a substantial loss in patch area based on the species-area relationship of wetlands without substantial loss in patch area and studied relationships between the richness of different species groups and current and historical area and connectivity of wetland patches. We found evidence of a possible extinction debt for long-lived wetland specialist vascular plants: in wetlands, which substantially lost patch area, current species richness of long-lived specialist vascular plants was higher than would have been expected based on current patch area. Additionally and besides current wetland area, historical area also explained current species richness of these species in a substantial and significant way. No evidence for an extinction debt in bryophytes was found. The possible unpaid extinction debt in the wetlands of the canton of Zurich is an appeal to nature conservation, which has the possibility to prevent likely future extinctions of species through specific conservation measures. In particular, a further reduction in wetlands must be prevented and restoration measures must be taken to increase the number of wetlands. C1 [Jamin, Anine; Peintinger, Markus; Holderegger, Rolf; Bergamini, Ariel] WSL Swiss Fed Res Inst, Zurcherstr 111, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland. [Jamin, Anine; Holderegger, Rolf] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Dept Environm Syst Sci, Zurich, Switzerland. [Gimmi, Urs] Kanton Zurich, Amt Landschaft & Nat, Fachstelle Naturschutz, Zurich, Switzerland. RP Bergamini, A (reprint author), WSL Swiss Fed Res Inst, Zurcherstr 111, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland. EM ariel.bergamini@wsl.ch RI Bergamini, Ariel/H-8420-2014 OI Bergamini, Ariel/0000-0001-8816-1420 FU WSL FX We would like to thank the nature conservation authority of the canton of Zurich for the permission to work on protected land, Norbert Schnyder and Ceclie Schubiger-Bossard for help with fieldwork and identification of bryophytes, Rene Graf for field assistance, Klaus Ecker for help with GIS analyses and WSL for financial support of the project. Janine Bolliger, Felix Gugerli, Thibault Lachat, and Matthias Burgi gave valuable advice at the start of the project. We also thank two anonymous referees for valuable insight and comments on earlier versions of the manuscript. NR 70 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2045-7758 J9 ECOL EVOL JI Ecol. Evol. DI 10.1002/ece3.5980 EA JAN 2020 PG 14 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA KE4DA UT WOS:000508506800001 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Vershinina, AO Kapp, JD Baryshnikov, GF Shapiro, B AF Vershinina, Alisa O. Kapp, Joshua D. Baryshnikov, Gennady F. Shapiro, Beth TI The case of an arctic wild ass highlights the utility of ancient DNA for validating problematic identifications in museum collections SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY RESOURCES LA English DT Article; Early Access DE ancient DNA; Asiatic wild ass; Equus caballus; Equus ferus; Equus hemionus ID LAST GLACIAL MAXIMUM; GENOME SEQUENCE; PERISSODACTYLA; HEMIONES; MAMMALIA; HISTORY; EURASIA; CLIMATE; HORSES; STEPPE AB Museum collections are essential for reconstructing and understanding past biodiversity. Many museum specimens are, however, challenging to identify. Museum samples may be incomplete, have an unusual morphology, or represent juvenile individuals, all of which complicate accurate identification. In some cases, inaccurate identification can lead to false biogeographic reconstructions with cascading impacts on paleontological and paleoecological research. Here, we analyzed an unusual Equid mandible found in the Far North of the Taymyr peninsula that was identified morphologically as Equus hemionus, an ancestor of present-day Asiatic wild asses. If correct, this identification represents the only finding of a putative Late Pleistocene hemione in the Arctic region, and is therefore critical to understanding wild ass evolution and paleoecology. To confirm the accuracy of this specimen's taxonomic assignment, we used ancient DNA and mitochondrial hybridization capture to identify and place this specimen in the larger equid phylogeny. We find that the specimen is actually a member of E. caballus, the ancestor of domestic horses. Our study demonstrates the utility of ancient DNA to validate morphological identification, in particular of incomplete, otherwise problematic, or taxonomically unusual museum specimens. C1 [Vershinina, Alisa O.; Kapp, Joshua D.; Shapiro, Beth] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Baryshnikov, Gennady F.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Zool, Lab Theriol, St Petersburg, Russia. [Shapiro, Beth] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. RP Vershinina, AO (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. EM avershin@ucsc.edu OI Shapiro, Beth/0000-0002-2733-7776; Vershinina, Alisa/0000-0002-3120-6592 FU Russian Academy of Sciences PresidiumRussian Academy of Sciences; Russian Ministry of Education and ScienceMinistry of Education and Science, Russian Federation; National Science FoundationNational Science Foundation (NSF) [1417036]; Institute of Museum and Library Services [MG-30-17-0045-17] FX Russian Academy of Sciences Presidium and the Russian Ministry of Education and Science, Grant/Award Number: "Evolution of the organic world"; National Science Foundation, Grant/Award Number: 1417036; Institute of Museum and Library Services, Grant/Award Number: MG-30-17-0045-17 NR 67 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1755-098X EI 1755-0998 J9 MOL ECOL RESOUR JI Mol. Ecol. Resour. DI 10.1111/1755-0998.13130 EA JAN 2020 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA KE3LF UT WOS:000508460100001 PM 31869520 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Jerrentrup, JS Komainda, M Seither, M Cuchillo-Hilario, M Wrage-Monnig, N Isselstein, J AF Jerrentrup, Jana Sabrina Komainda, Martin Seither, Melanie Cuchillo-Hilario, Mario Wrage-Moennig, Nicole Isselstein, Johannes TI Diverse Swards and Mixed-Grazing of Cattle and Sheep for Improved Productivity SO FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE species-rich grasslands; multispecies-grazing; biodiversity; livestock production; forage-quality ID PLANT DIVERSITY; BOTANICAL COMPOSITION; ANIMAL PERFORMANCE; SPECIES-DIVERSITY; NUTRITIVE-VALUE; GRASSLAND; LIVESTOCK; PASTURE; SYSTEMS; BEHAVIOR AB Increasing sward phytodiversity has been suggested as having potential to increase primary production of grasslands, but whether any such gains are converted into secondary production, through improved performance of grazing livestock, remains uncertain. Animal production by cattle and sheep can also be enhanced by mixed-grazing. To our knowledge, this effect has never been studied in relation to differences in sward phytodiversity. Therefore, a rotational grazing experiment was conducted over 5 years (2007-2011) on permanent grassland in Germany using sheep and cattle in mono- (single-species) or mixed-grazing of swards differing in plant species richness. Herbicides against dicotyledonous plant species were used to create different sward types: species-poor, grass-dominated swards in contrast to untreated "diverse" control swards. We found no differences in herbage production between the sward types. However, compared to the grass-dominated sward, the diverse sward showed greater concentrations of crude protein and lower contents of acid detergent fiber in the herbage dry-matter. Lamb live weight gains were slightly greater on the diverse-swards (P < 0.05), but calf performance was unaffected by sward type. Mixed-grazing increased daily average live weight gains of suckler cows (g cow(-1) d(-1)) (P < 0.05) as well as area-related daily live weight gains (kg ha(-1) d(-1)) and total live weight gains (kg ha(-1)) during the complete grazing season (P < 0.001). This indicates advantages of combining livestock species, attributed to complementary pasture use. We suggest that mixed-grazing of cattle and sheep on phytodiverse swards is an effective and sustainable means to enhance ecological and agronomic traits such as livestock production and plant species conservation. Lamb production especially showed benefits under mixed-grazing, with a 17% increase in live weight gain. Compared to the grass-dominated sward, diverse swards resulted in an average 12% increase of live weight gains (across grazing systems and livestock species). C1 [Jerrentrup, Jana Sabrina; Komainda, Martin; Seither, Melanie; Isselstein, Johannes] Georg August Univ Gottingen, Grassland Sci, Gottingen, Germany. [Cuchillo-Hilario, Mario] INCMNSZ, Dept Nutr Anim Dr Fernando Perez Gil Romo, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Cuchillo-Hilario, Mario] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Dept Ciencias Pecuarias, Fac Estudios Super Cuautitlan, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Wrage-Moennig, Nicole] Univ Rostock, Grassiano & Fodder Sci, Rostock, Germany. [Isselstein, Johannes] Ctr Biodivers & Sustainable Land Use, Gottingen, Germany. [Jerrentrup, Jana Sabrina] DBU Nat Erbe GmbH, Osnabruck, Germany. RP Komainda, M (reprint author), Georg August Univ Gottingen, Grassland Sci, Gottingen, Germany. EM martin.komainda@uni-goettingen.de OI Cuchillo-Hilario, Mario/0000-0001-6985-3763 FU European CommunityEuropean Community (EC) [FP7-244983] FX The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under the grant agreement no. FP7-244983 (MULTISWARD). NR 84 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FRONTIERS MEDIA SA PI LAUSANNE PA AVENUE DU TRIBUNAL FEDERAL 34, LAUSANNE, CH-1015, SWITZERLAND EI 2571-581X J9 FRONT SUSTAIN FOOD S JI Front. Sustain. Food Syst. PD JAN 21 PY 2020 VL 3 AR UNSP 125 DI 10.3389/fsufs.2019.00125 PG 14 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA KI2RY UT WOS:000511199000001 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Khasanah, N van Noordwijk, M Slingerland, M Sofiyudin, M Stomph, D Migeon, AF Hairiah, K AF Khasanah, Nikmatul van Noordwijk, Meine Slingerland, Maja Sofiyudin, Mohammad Stomph, Dienke Migeon, Adrien F. Hairiah, Kurniatun TI Oil Palm Agroforestry Can Achieve Economic and Environmental Gains as Indicated by Multifunctional Land Equivalent Ratios SO FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE carbon footprint; cocoa; ecosystem services; intercropping; land equivalent ratio (LER); oil palm; pepper; WaNuLCAS model ID ANNUAL INTERCROPS; AGRICULTURE; INTENSIFICATION; BIODIVERSITY; CONVERSION; SUMATRA; YIELD; WATER; FOOD AB Driven by increased global demand for vegetable oil in the food and biofuel sectors, oil palm plantations based on monoculture technology have expanded into lowland tropical forests. Interest in diversified, mixed oil palm systems is increasing as these might increase efficiency of the use of land and other resources, reduce farmer risk, and decrease greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions per unit product. Land Equivalent Ratio for provisioning services (LERP) values above 1.0 show that at least some diversified systems use land more efficiently than monocultures and are thus "land sparing," where monoculture LERP cannot exceed 1.0. Diversification also modifies climate and water regulating functions ("land sharing") relative to a forest reference, as indicated in the LERR index. A "multifunctional" LERM indicator combines both; land sparing plus land sharing effects jointly determine expected regulating services. Empirical assessment of multiple ecosystem services in agricultural landscapes is assisted by models that synthesise process-based knowledge, especially for perennial systems where well-designed experiments require a full production cycle, and are costly and scarce. Agroforestry models explore spacing, intercropping and soil management options, predicting harvestable yields, impacts on water flows, nutrient leaching, and greenhouse gas emissions. We used the process-based Water, Nutrient and Light Capture in Agroforestry System (WaNuLCAS) model to explore mixed oil palm + cocoa and oil palm + pepper intercrop systems with modified ("double row") planting patterns for Indonesian contexts and estimated consequences for the carbon footprint. The oil palm + cocoa intercrop provided a high LERP (1.4), while also replenishing more ground water and having a lower C footprint. This combination also has a return to labour equal to that in oil palm monocultures and a higher benefit cost ratio than the oil palm + pepper combination that maximizes Net Present Value. Oil palm + cocoa systems are also less sensitive to price uncertainty for oil palm, and buffer for oil palm and cocoa production risks, assumed to be independent of each other. Considerable economic and environmental system improvements appear to be feasible through mixed oil palm systems and diversification as a pathway to intensification deserves full attention of research and policy development. C1 [Khasanah, Nikmatul; van Noordwijk, Meine; Sofiyudin, Mohammad] World Agroforestry Crap, Southeast Asia Reg Program, Bogor, Indonesia. [van Noordwijk, Meine; Slingerland, Maja; Stomph, Dienke; Migeon, Adrien F.] Wageningen Univ & Res, Plant Prod Syst, Wageningen, Netherlands. [Hairiah, Kurniatun] Brawijaya Univ, Fac Agr, Soil Sci Dept, Malang, Indonesia. RP van Noordwijk, M (reprint author), World Agroforestry Crap, Southeast Asia Reg Program, Bogor, Indonesia.; van Noordwijk, M (reprint author), Wageningen Univ & Res, Plant Prod Syst, Wageningen, Netherlands. EM m.vannoordwijk@cgiar.org NR 69 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FRONTIERS MEDIA SA PI LAUSANNE PA AVENUE DU TRIBUNAL FEDERAL 34, LAUSANNE, CH-1015, SWITZERLAND EI 2571-581X J9 FRONT SUSTAIN FOOD S JI Front. Sustain. Food Syst. PD JAN 21 PY 2020 VL 3 AR UNSP 122 DI 10.3389/fsufs.2019.00122 PG 13 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA KI2RW UT WOS:000511198800001 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Llopis, JC Diebold, CL Schneider, F Harimalala, PC Patrick, L Messerli, P Zaehringer, JG AF Llopis, Jorge C. Diebold, Clara L. Schneider, Flurina Harimalala, Paul C. Patrick, Laby Messerli, Peter Zaehringer, Julie G. TI Capabilities Under Telecoupling: Human Well-Being Between Cash Crops and Protected Areas in North-Eastern Madagascar SO FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE human well-being; agricultural intensification; shifting cultivation; conservation; agricultural commodities trade; capabilities approach ID ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; AGRICULTURAL INTENSIFICATION; SUSTAINABLE INTENSIFICATION; BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION; ECOLOGICAL OUTCOMES; IMPACTS; DEFORESTATION; PERFORMANCE; BENEFITS; INSIGHTS AB Global change processes are increasing their pace and reach, leading to telecoupled situations, where distant factors come to outpace local determinants of land use change. Often, these dynamics drive agricultural intensification processes, with as yet unclear implications for the well-being of human populations living in the areas affected. This study explores how two key telecoupling dynamics affect local well-being in the biodiversity hotspot of Madagascar. It focuses on forest frontier landscapes, which are undergoing processes of agricultural intensification as a consequence of distant factors. Concretely, we look at how the recent establishment of two, largely externally funded, terrestrial protected areas, Masoala National Park and Makira Natural Park, and the ongoing price boom for two export cash crops, vanilla and clove, have influenced the well-being of local populations in the country's north-east. We present data from eight focus group discussions conducted in four villages located on the periphery of the two protected areas. Drawing on the "capabilities approach," we identify the key components of the local understanding of well-being, lay out the interconnections between these components, and explore how the two telecoupling processes affect well-being dynamics. Our findings reveal that well-being components present bundle characteristics, where increases or decreases in one component lead to parallel increases, or decreases in a set of them. We further ascertain that telecoupling processes might lead to trade-offs between well-being components. These findings highlight the need for a holistic understanding of human well-being when planning protected areas, and when designing governance mechanisms to steer local landscapes under intense cash crop price fluctuations toward sustainable outcomes. C1 [Llopis, Jorge C.; Diebold, Clara L.; Schneider, Flurina; Messerli, Peter; Zaehringer, Julie G.] Univ Bern, Ctr Dev & Environm, Bern, Switzerland. [Llopis, Jorge C.; Messerli, Peter] Univ Bern, Inst Geog, Bern, Switzerland. [Harimalala, Paul C.] Univ Antananarivo, Dept Eaux & Forets, Ecole Super Sci Agronom, Antananarivo, Madagascar. [Patrick, Laby] Univ Antananarivo, Ecole Doctorate Gest Ressources Nat & Dev, Antananarivo, Madagascar. RP Llopis, JC (reprint author), Univ Bern, Ctr Dev & Environm, Bern, Switzerland.; Llopis, JC (reprint author), Univ Bern, Inst Geog, Bern, Switzerland. EM jorge.llopis@cde.unibe.ch FU Swiss Programme for Research on Global Issues for Development (r4d programme); Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF)Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF); Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC) [400440 152167] FX This research was supported by the Swiss Programme for Research on Global Issues for Development (r4d programme) supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) and the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC), grant number 400440 152167. NR 131 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FRONTIERS MEDIA SA PI LAUSANNE PA AVENUE DU TRIBUNAL FEDERAL 34, LAUSANNE, CH-1015, SWITZERLAND EI 2571-581X J9 FRONT SUSTAIN FOOD S JI Front. Sustain. Food Syst. PD JAN 21 PY 2020 VL 3 AR UNSP 126 DI 10.3389/fsufs.2019.00126 PG 20 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA KI2SC UT WOS:000511199400001 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Guaragnella, N Chiara, M Capece, A Romano, P Pietrafesa, R Siesto, G Manzari, C Pesole, G AF Guaragnella, Nicoletta Chiara, Matteo Capece, Angela Romano, Patrizia Pietrafesa, Rocchina Siesto, Gabriella Manzari, Caterina Pesole, Graziano TI Genome Sequencing and Comparative Analysis of Three Hanseniaspora uvarum Indigenous Wine Strains Reveal Remarkable Biotechnological Potential SO FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE non-Saccharomyces yeasts; Hanseniaspora uvarum; genome sequencing and annotation; Hanseniaspora species; comparative genomics; flocculation ID NON-SACCHAROMYCES YEASTS; SPONTANEOUS FERMENTATION; CEREVISIAE; GRAPE; FLOCCULATION; COMMUNITIES; DIVERSITY; ALIGNMENT; IMPACT AB A current trend in winemaking has highlighted the beneficial contribution of non-Saccharomyces yeasts to wine quality. Hanseniaspora uvarum is one of the more represented non-Saccharomyces species onto grape berries and plays a critical role in influencing the wine sensory profile, in terms of complexity and organoleptic richness. In this work, we analyzed a group of H. uvarum indigenous wine strains as for genetic as for technological traits, such as resistance to SO2 and beta-glucosidase activity. Three strains were selected for genome sequencing, assembly and comparative genomic analyses at species and genus level. Hanseniaspora genomes appeared compact and contained a moderate number of genes, while rarefaction analyses suggested an open accessory genome, reflecting a rather incomplete representation of the Hanseniaspora gene pool in the currently available genomes. The analyses of patterns of functional annotation in the three indigenous H. uvarum strains showed distinct enrichment for several PFAM protein domains. In particular, for certain traits, such as flocculation related protein domains, the genetic prediction correlated well with relative flocculation phenotypes at lab-scale. This feature, together with the enrichment for oligo-peptide transport and lipid and amino acid metabolism domains, reveals a promising potential of these indigenous strains to be applied in fermentation processes and modulation of wine flavor and aroma. This study also contributes to increasing the catalog of publicly available genomes from H. uvarum strains isolated from natural grape samples and provides a good roadmap for unraveling the biodiversity and the biotechnological potential of these non-Saccharomyces yeasts. C1 [Guaragnella, Nicoletta; Pesole, Graziano] CNR, Inst Biomembranes Bioenerget & Mol Biotechnol, Bari, Italy. [Guaragnella, Nicoletta; Manzari, Caterina; Pesole, Graziano] Univ Bari A Moro, Dept Biosci Biotechnol & Biopharmaceut, Bari, Italy. [Chiara, Matteo] Univ Milan, Dipartimento Biosci, Milan, Italy. [Capece, Angela; Romano, Patrizia; Pietrafesa, Rocchina; Siesto, Gabriella] Univ Basilicata, Scuola Sci Agr Forestali Alimentari & Ambientali, Potenza, Italy. RP Guaragnella, N (reprint author), CNR, Inst Biomembranes Bioenerget & Mol Biotechnol, Bari, Italy.; Guaragnella, N (reprint author), Univ Bari A Moro, Dept Biosci Biotechnol & Biopharmaceut, Bari, Italy. EM nicoletta.guaragnella@uniba.it FU POR Puglia FESR-FSE 2014-2020 INNONETWORK - "Miglioramento nei processi produttivi di alimenti freschi prodotti da farine mediante approcci basati su tecnologie omiche ed informazioni complesse, elaborate da un sistema informativo progettato e sviluppato i [PIR01_00017]; project PSR Regione Basilicata 2014-2020 Sottomisura 16.1 GO Vite&Vino PROduttivita e Sostenibilita in vITIvinicoltura - (PROSIT) [54250365779] FX This work was supported by POR Puglia FESR-FSE 2014-2020 INNONETWORK - "Miglioramento nei processi produttivi di alimenti freschi prodotti da farine mediante approcci basati su tecnologie omiche ed informazioni complesse, elaborate da un sistema informativo progettato e sviluppato in ambiente Cloud - OMICS4FOOD," using facilities provided by ELIXIR-IIB and CNRbiomics (PIR01_00017) and by the project PSR Regione Basilicata 2014-2020 Sottomisura 16.1 GO Vite&Vino PROduttivita e Sostenibilita in vITIvinicoltura - (PROSIT)-N. 54250365779. NR 76 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FRONTIERS MEDIA SA PI LAUSANNE PA AVENUE DU TRIBUNAL FEDERAL 34, LAUSANNE, CH-1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-302X J9 FRONT MICROBIOL JI Front. Microbiol. PD JAN 21 PY 2020 VL 10 AR 3133 DI 10.3389/fmicb.2019.03133 PG 14 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA KI2KY UT WOS:000511178900001 PM 32038567 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Wang, YL Gao, C Chen, L Ji, NN Wu, BW Lu, PP Li, XC Qian, X Maitra, P Babalola, BJ Zheng, Y Guo, LD AF Wang, Yong-Long Gao, Cheng Chen, Liang Ji, Niu-Niu Wu, Bin-Wei Lu, Peng-Peng Li, Xing-Chun Qian, Xin Maitra, Pulak Babalola, Busayo Joshua Zheng, Yong Guo, Liang-Dong TI Community Assembly of Endophytic Fungi in Ectomycorrhizae of Betulaceae Plants at a Regional Scale SO FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Betulaceae; dispersal limitation; endophytic fungi; environmental filtering; host phylogeny ID ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; DISPERSAL LIMITATION; SOIL ENVIRONMENTS; SPECIES RICHNESS; HOST; DIVERSITY; PATTERNS; CLIMATE; DETERMINANTS; COMPETITION AB The interaction between aboveground and belowground biotic communities drives community assembly of plants and soil microbiota. As an important component of belowground microorganisms, root-associated fungi play pivotal roles in biodiversity maintenance and community assembly of host plants. The Betulaceae plants form ectomycorrhizae with soil fungi and widely distribute in various ecosystems. However, the community assembly of endophytic fungi in ectomycorrhizae is less investigated at a large spatial scale. Here, we examined the endophytic fungal communities in ectomycorrhizae of 22 species in four genera belonging to Betulaceae in Chinese forest ecosystems, using Illumina Miseq sequencing of internal transcribed spacer 2 amplicons. The relative contribution of host phylogeny, climate and soil (environmental filtering) and geographic distance (dispersal limitation) on endophytic fungal community was disentangled. In total, 2,106 endophytic fungal operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were obtained at a 97% sequence similarity level, dominated by Leotiomycetes, Agaricomycetes, Eurotiomycetes, and Sordariomycetes. The endophytic fungal OTU richness was significantly related with host phylogeny, geographic distance, soil and climate. The endophytic fungal community composition was significantly affected by host phylogeny (19.5% of variation explained in fungal community), geographic distance (11.2%), soil (6.1%), and climate (1.4%). This finding suggests that environmental filtering by plant and abiotic variables coupled with dispersal limitation linked to geographic distance determines endophytic fungal community assembly in ectomycorrhizae of Betulaceae plants, with host phylogeny being a stronger determinant than other predictor variables at the regional scale. C1 [Wang, Yong-Long; Gao, Cheng; Chen, Liang; Ji, Niu-Niu; Wu, Bin-Wei; Lu, Peng-Peng; Li, Xing-Chun; Maitra, Pulak; Babalola, Busayo Joshua; Zheng, Yong; Guo, Liang-Dong] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Microbiol, State Key Lab Mycol, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Wang, Yong-Long; Ji, Niu-Niu; Wu, Bin-Wei; Lu, Peng-Peng; Qian, Xin; Maitra, Pulak; Babalola, Busayo Joshua; Guo, Liang-Dong] Chinese Acad Sci, Coll Life Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Qian, Xin] Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Plant Resources Conservat & Sustainable U, South China Bot Garden, Guangzhou, Peoples R China. [Zheng, Yong] Fujian Normal Univ, Coll Geog Sci, Fuzhou, Peoples R China. RP Guo, LD (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Microbiol, State Key Lab Mycol, Beijing, Peoples R China.; Guo, LD (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Coll Life Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China. EM guold@im.ac.cn FU Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences [XDB31000000]; National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [91751113, 31210103910, 31470545]; Beijing Natural Science FoundationBeijing Natural Science Foundation [5182022] FX This work was supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant Number XDB31000000), National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Numbers 91751113, 31210103910, and 31470545), and Beijing Natural Science Foundation (Grant Number 5182022). NR 80 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FRONTIERS MEDIA SA PI LAUSANNE PA AVENUE DU TRIBUNAL FEDERAL 34, LAUSANNE, CH-1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-302X J9 FRONT MICROBIOL JI Front. Microbiol. PD JAN 21 PY 2020 VL 10 AR 3105 DI 10.3389/fmicb.2019.03105 PG 12 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA KI4OJ UT WOS:000511329400001 PM 32038548 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Dorey, N Gjelsvik, O Kutti, T Buscher, JV AF Dorey, Narimane Gjelsvik, Oystein Kutti, Tina Buescher, Janina, V TI Broad Thermal Tolerance in the Cold-Water Coral Lophelia pertusa From Arctic and Boreal Reefs SO FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cold-water corals; global warming; stress physiology; temperature; respiration ID FOOD-SUPPLY MECHANISMS; PHYSIOLOGICAL-RESPONSE; NE ATLANTIC; TEMPERATURE; STRESS; DEEP; VARIABILITY; MARINE; SEA; SCLERACTINIA AB Along the Norwegian coasts and margins, extensive reefs of the stony coral Lophelia pertusa act as hotspots for local biodiversity. Climate models project that the temperature of Atlantic deep waters could rise by 1-3 degrees C by 2100. In this context, understanding the effects of temperature on the physiology of cold-water species will help in evaluating their resilience to future oceanic changes. We investigated the response of L. pertusa to stepwise short-term increases in temperature. We sampled corals from four reefs, two located north of the Arctic circle and two at the mid-Norwegian shelf (boreal). In on-board experiments (one per reef), the sampled fragments were exposed to increasing temperatures from 5 to 15 degrees C over 58 h. Respiration increased linearly by threefold for a 10 degrees C increase. The short-term temperature increase did not induce mortality, cellular (neutral red assay for lysosome membrane stability; but one exception) or oxidative stress (lipid peroxidation assay) - to a few exceptions. However, the variability of the respiration responses depended on the experiment (i.e., reef location), possibly linked to the genetic structure of the individuals that we sampled (e.g., clones or siblings). The corals from the Arctic and boreal regions appear to have a high tolerance to the rapid temperature fluctuations they experience in the field. Over extended periods of time however, an increased metabolism could deplete the energy stored by the corals, if not met by an increased food availability and/or uptake. Empirical data on organisms' thermal performance curves, such as the one presented in this study for L. pertusa, will be useful to implement predictive models on the responses of species and populations to climate change. C1 [Dorey, Narimane; Gjelsvik, Oystein; Kutti, Tina] Norwegian Inst Marine Res, Benth Resources, Bergen, Norway. [Buescher, Janina, V] GEOMAR Helmholtz Ctr Ocean Res Kiel, Dept Biol Oceanog, Marine Biochem, Kiel, Germany. RP Dorey, N (reprint author), Norwegian Inst Marine Res, Benth Resources, Bergen, Norway. EM narimane.dorey@gmail.com FU Norwegian Research Council (RCN) project FATE [244604/E40] FX This study was funded by the Norwegian Research Council (RCN) project FATE no. 244604/E40. NR 72 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FRONTIERS MEDIA SA PI LAUSANNE PA AVENUE DU TRIBUNAL FEDERAL 34, LAUSANNE, CH-1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-042X J9 FRONT PHYSIOL JI Front. Physiol. PD JAN 21 PY 2020 VL 10 AR 1636 DI 10.3389/fphys.2019.01636 PG 12 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA KH8RI UT WOS:000510917700001 PM 32038304 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Karlsson, D Hartop, E Forshage, M Jaschhof, M Ronquist, F AF Karlsson, Dave Hartop, Emily Forshage, Mattias Jaschhof, Mathias Ronquist, Fredrik TI The Swedish Malaise Trap Project: A 15 Year Retrospective on a Countrywide Insect Inventory SO BIODIVERSITY DATA JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE All-taxa biodiversity inventory (ATBI); biota; diversity; entomology; inventory; insects; Malaise Trap; community science; citizen science ID TAXONOMY AB The Swedish Malaise Trap Project (SMTP) is one of the most ambitious insect inventories ever attempted. The project was designed to target poorly known insect groups across a diverse range of habitats in Sweden. The field campaign involved the deployment of 73 Malaise traps at 55 localities across the country for three years (2003-2006). Over the past 15 years, the collected material has been hand sorted by trained technicians into over 300 taxonomic fractions suitable for expert attention. The resulting collection is a tremendous asset for entomologists around the world, especially as we now face a desperate need for baseline data to evaluate phenomena like insect decline and climate change. Here, we describe the history, organisation, methodology and logistics of the SMTP, focusing on the rationale for the decisions taken and the lessons learned along the way. The SMTP represents one of the early instances of community science applied to large-scale inventory work, with a heavy reliance on volunteers in both the field and the laboratory. We give estimates of both staff effort and volunteer effort involved. The project has been funded by the Swedish Taxonomy Initiative; in total, the inventory has cost less than 30 million SEK (approximately 3.1 million USD). Based on a subset of the samples, we characterise the size and taxonomic composition of the SMTP material. Several different extrapolation methods suggest that the material comprises around 20 million specimens in total. The material is dominated by Diptera (75% of the specimens) and Hymenoptera (15% of specimens). Amongst the Diptera, the dominant groups are Chironomidae (37% of specimens), Sciaridae (15%), Phoridae (13%), Cecidomyiidae (9.5%) and Mycetophilidae (9.4%). Within Hymenoptera, the major groups are Ichneumonidae (44% of specimens), Diaprioidea (19%), Braconidae (9.6%), Platygastroidea (8.5%) and Chalcidoidea (7.9%). The taxonomic composition varies with latitude and season. Several Diptera and Hymenoptera groups are more common in non-summer samples (collected from September to April) and in the North, while others show the opposite pattern. About 1% of the total material has been processed and identified by experts so far. This material represents over 4,000 species. One third of these had not been recorded from Sweden before and almost 700 of them are new to science. These results reveal the large amounts of taxonomic work still needed on Palaearctic insect faunas. Based on the SMTP experiences, we discuss aspects of planning and conducting future large-scale insect inventory projects using mainly traditional approaches in relation to more recent approaches that rely on molecular techniques. C1 [Karlsson, Dave; Hartop, Emily; Jaschhof, Mathias] Stn Linne, Farjestaden, Sweden. [Hartop, Emily] Stockholms Univ, Stockholm, Sweden. [Hartop, Emily; Forshage, Mattias; Ronquist, Fredrik] Swedish Museum Nat Hist, Stockholm, Sweden. RP Hartop, E (reprint author), Stn Linne, Farjestaden, Sweden.; Hartop, E (reprint author), Stockholms Univ, Stockholm, Sweden.; Hartop, E (reprint author), Swedish Museum Nat Hist, Stockholm, Sweden. EM emhartop@gmail.com RI Ronquist, Fredrik/Q-2013-2015 OI Ronquist, Fredrik/0000-0002-3929-251X FU Swedish Taxonomy Initiative; Arbetsformedlingen; Forsakringskassan FX We thank each and every volunteer, student and employee who has contributed to the SMTP over the last 15 years. We thank primarily the Swedish Taxonomy Initiative, but also Arbetsformedlingen and Forsakringskassan, for their continued funding and support that have made this project possible. We thank Gavin Broad and Art Borkent for their feedback on this manuscript. NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PENSOFT PUBLISHERS PI SOFIA PA 12 PROF GEORGI ZLATARSKI ST, SOFIA, 1700, BULGARIA SN 1314-2836 EI 1314-2828 J9 BIODIVERS DATA J JI Biodiver. Data J. PD JAN 21 PY 2020 VL 8 AR E47255 DI 10.3897/BDJ.8.e47255 PG 35 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA KF9JX UT WOS:000509558200001 PM 32015667 OA DOAJ Gold, Green Accepted DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Rowan, J Beaudrot, L Franklin, J Reed, KE Smail, IE Zamora, A Kamilar, JM AF Rowan, John Beaudrot, Lydia Franklin, Janet Reed, Kaye E. Smail, Irene E. Zamora, Andrew Kamilar, Jason M. TI Geographically divergent evolutionary and ecological legacies shape mammal biodiversity in the global tropics and subtropics SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE biogeography; functional ecology; human impacts; paleoclimate legacies; phylogenetic diversity ID LATITUDINAL DIVERSITY GRADIENT; SPECIES RICHNESS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; ANTHROPOGENIC TRANSFORMATION; BIOME RECONSTRUCTION; FUNCTIONAL DIVERSITY; NICHE CONSERVATISM; BODY-SIZE; PATTERNS; EXTINCTION AB Studies of the factors governing global patterns of biodiversity are key to predicting community responses to ongoing and future abiotic and biotic changes. Although most research has focused on present-day climate, a growing body of evidence indicates that modern ecological communities may be significantly shaped by paleoclimatic change and past anthropogenic factors. However, the generality of this pattern is unknown, as global analyses are lacking. Here we quantify the phylogenetic and functional trait structure of 515 tropical and subtropical large mammal communities and predict their structure from past and present climatic and anthropogenic factors. We find that the effects of Quaternary paleoclimatic change are strongest in the Afrotropics, with communities in the Indomalayan realm showing mixed effects of modern climate and paleoclimate. Malagasy communities are poorly predicted by any single factor, likely due to the atypical history of the island compared with continental regions. Neotropical communities are mainly codetermined by modern climate and prehistoric and historical human impacts. Overall, our results indicate that the factors governing tropical and subtropical mammalian biodiversity are complex, with the importance of past and present factors varying based on the divergent histories of the world's biogeographic realms and their native biotas. Consideration of the evolutionary and ecological legacies of both the recent and ancient past are key to understanding the forces shaping global patterns of present-day biodiversity and its response to ongoing and future abiotic and biotic changes in the 21st century. C1 [Rowan, John; Kamilar, Jason M.] Univ Massachusetts, Organism & Evolutionary Biol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Rowan, John; Zamora, Andrew; Kamilar, Jason M.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Anthropol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Beaudrot, Lydia] Rice Univ, Dept Biosci, Houston, TX 77005 USA. [Beaudrot, Lydia] Rice Univ, Program Ecol & Evolut, Houston, TX 77005 USA. [Franklin, Janet] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Bot & Plant Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Reed, Kaye E.; Smail, Irene E.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Human Evolut & Social Change, Inst Human Origins, Tempe, AZ 85282 USA. RP Rowan, J (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Organism & Evolutionary Biol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.; Rowan, J (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Anthropol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. EM jjrowan@umass.edu OI Kamilar, Jason/0000-0001-6082-9396; Rowan, John/0000-0002-5062-4044 FU NSFNational Science Foundation (NSF) [BCS 1551799, BCS 1551810]; Darwin Postdoctoral Fellowship at the University of Massachusetts Amherst FX We thank the members of the Comparative Primatology Lab at the University of Massachusetts Amherst for discussions and the editor and anonymous reviewers for their most helpful comments. This study was funded by NSF Grants BCS 1551799 (to J.M.K.) and BCS 1551810 (to K.E.R.). J.R. is supported by a Darwin Postdoctoral Fellowship at the University of Massachusetts Amherst. NR 86 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JAN 21 PY 2020 VL 117 IS 3 BP 1559 EP 1565 DI 10.1073/pnas.1910489116 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA KF0YH UT WOS:000508977600048 PM 31843924 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Le Provost, G Badenhausser, I Le Bagousse-Pinguet, Y Clough, Y Henckel, L Violle, C Bretagnolle, V Roncoroni, M Manning, P Gross, N AF Le Provost, Gaetane Badenhausser, Isabelle Le Bagousse-Pinguet, Yoann Clough, Yann Henckel, Laura Violle, Cyrille Bretagnolle, Vincent Roncoroni, Marilyn Manning, Peter Gross, Nicolas TI Land-use history impacts functional diversity across multiple trophic groups SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE agricultural ecosystems; biodiversity loss; functional diversity; grasslands; land-use changes ID USE INTENSIFICATION; TRAIT DIVERSITY; BIODIVERSITY; AGRICULTURE; COMMUNITIES; LANDSCAPES; MANAGEMENT AB Land-use change is a major driver of biodiversity loss worldwide. Although biodiversity often shows a delayed response to land-use change, previous studies have typically focused on a narrow range of current landscape factors and have largely ignored the role of land-use history in shaping plant and animal communities and their functional characteristics. Here, we used a unique database of 220,000 land-use records to investigate how 20-y of land-use changes have affected functional diversity across multiple trophic groups (primary producers, mutualists, herbivores, invertebrate predators, and vertebrate predators) in 75 grassland fields with a broad range of land-use histories. The effects of land-use history on multitrophic trait diversity were as strong as other drivers known to impact biodiversity, e.g., grassland management and current landscape composition. The diversity of animal mobility and resource-acquisition traits was lower in landscapes where much of the land had been historically converted from grassland to crop. In contrast, functional biodiversity was higher in landscapes containing old permanent grasslands, most likely because they offer a stable and high-quality habitat refuge for species with low mobility and specialized feeding niches. Our study shows that grassland-to-crop conversion has long-lasting impacts on the functional biodiversity of agricultural ecosystems. Accordingly, land-use legacy effects must be considered in conservation programs aiming to protect agricultural biodiversity. In particular, the retention of permanent grassland sanctuaries within intensive landscapes may offset ecological debts. C1 [Le Provost, Gaetane; Badenhausser, Isabelle; Henckel, Laura; Bretagnolle, Vincent; Roncoroni, Marilyn] Univ La Rochelle, CNRS, UMR 7372, Ctr Etud Biol Chize, F-79360 Villiers En Bois, France. [Le Provost, Gaetane; Badenhausser, Isabelle; Henckel, Laura; Roncoroni, Marilyn] Univ La Rochelle, Inst Natl Rech Agr Alimentat & Environm, Ctr Etud Biol Chize, Unite Contrat 1339, F-79360 Villiers En Bois, France. [Le Provost, Gaetane; Badenhausser, Isabelle; Henckel, Laura; Bretagnolle, Vincent; Roncoroni, Marilyn] Ctr Etud Biol Chize, Long Term Socioecol Res Zone Atelier Plaine & Val, F-79360 Villiers En Bois, France. [Le Provost, Gaetane; Manning, Peter] Senckenberg Biodivers & Climate Res Ctr SBIK F, Senckenberg Soc Nat Res, D-60325 Frankfurt, Germany. [Badenhausser, Isabelle] Inst Natl Rech Agr Alimentat & Environm, Unite Rech Pluridisciplinaire Prairies Plantes Fo, F-86600 Lusignan, France. [Le Bagousse-Pinguet, Yoann] Avignon Univ, Aix Marseille Univ, Inst Mediterraneen Biodiversite & Ecol Marine Con, CNRS,Inst Rech Dev, F-13545 Aix En Provence 04, France. [Clough, Yann] Lund Univ, Ctr Environm & Climate Res, SE-22362 Lund, Sweden. [Henckel, Laura] Swedish Univ Agr Sci SLU, Swedish Species Informat Ctr ArtDatabanken, Uppsala, Sweden. [Violle, Cyrille] Univ Montpellier 3, Univ Montpellier, Ctr Ecol Fonctionelle & Evolut, CNRS,Inst Rech De,Ecole Prat Hautes Etud,UMR 517, F-34293 Montpellier, France. [Gross, Nicolas] Univ Clermont Auvergne, Inst Natl Rech Agr Alimentat & Environm, VetAgro Sup, Unite Mixte Rech Ecosyst Prairial, F-63000 Clermont Ferrand, France. RP Le Provost, G (reprint author), Univ La Rochelle, CNRS, UMR 7372, Ctr Etud Biol Chize, F-79360 Villiers En Bois, France.; Le Provost, G (reprint author), Univ La Rochelle, Inst Natl Rech Agr Alimentat & Environm, Ctr Etud Biol Chize, Unite Contrat 1339, F-79360 Villiers En Bois, France.; Le Provost, G (reprint author), Ctr Etud Biol Chize, Long Term Socioecol Res Zone Atelier Plaine & Val, F-79360 Villiers En Bois, France.; Le Provost, G (reprint author), Senckenberg Biodivers & Climate Res Ctr SBIK F, Senckenberg Soc Nat Res, D-60325 Frankfurt, Germany. EM gaetaneleprovost@free.fr RI Manning, Pete/I-6523-2012; Clough, Yann/B-9739-2014; Gross, Nicolas/I-2368-2016 OI Manning, Pete/0000-0002-7940-2023; Clough, Yann/0000-0002-2901-7602; Gross, Nicolas/0000-0001-9730-3240; HENCKEL, Laura/0000-0002-1944-319X; Le Provost, Gaetane/0000-0002-1643-6023 FU French government Initiatives d'Excellence-Initiatives Science/Innovation/Territoires/Economie (IDEX-ISITE) initiative [16-IDEX-0001 (CAP 20-25)]; FarmLand research programme, an European Research Area Net (ERA-Net) BiodivERsA project - French Agence Nationale de la RechercheFrench National Research Agency (ANR) [ANR-11-EBID-0004]; Enhancing biodiversity-based ecosystem services to crops through optimized densities of green infrastructure in agricultural landscapes (ECODEAL) research programme, 2013-2014 BiodivERsA/Agriculture, Food Security & Climate Change (FACCE-JPI); Agence Nationale de la RechercheFrench National Research Agency (ANR); Bundesministerium fur Bildung und ForschungFederal Ministry of Education & Research (BMBF); Swedish Research Council for Environment (FORMAS)Swedish Research Council Formas [2014-1783]; Fonds zur Forderung der wissenschaftlichen ForschungAustrian Science Fund (FWF); Ministerio de Economia y CompetitividadSpanish Government; Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO)Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO); Projekttrager im Deutschen Zentrum fur Luft-und Raumfahrt (PT-DLR); region Poitou-Charentes-department Deux-Sevres PhD grant; AgreenSkills+ fellowship programme from the European Union's Seventh Framework ProgrammeEuropean Union (EU) [FP7-609398]; European Research Council (BIODESERT); Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions Individual Fellowship (MSCA-IF) within the European Program Horizon 2020 (Linking plant functional diversity to ecosystem multifunctionality in arid systems worldwide [DRYFUN] Project) [656035]; European Research Council (ERC) Starting Grant Project "ecophysiological and biophysical constraints on domestication in crop plants"European Research Council (ERC) [ERC-StG-2014-639706-CONSTRAINTS] FX We thank Franck Coudray, Helene Deraison, Yoann Erreca, Thierry Fanjas-Mercere, Jean-Luc Gautier, Louis Gross, Nadine Guillon, Florian Mezerette, Sophie Pillaud, Alexis Saintilan, and Edoardo Tedesco for field assistance. The study was supported by the French government Initiatives d'Excellence-Initiatives Science/Innovation/Territoires/Economie (IDEX-ISITE) initiative 16-IDEX-0001 (CAP 20-25), the FarmLand research programme, an European Research Area Net (ERA-Net) BiodivERsA project funded by the French Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR-11-EBID-0004), and the Enhancing biodiversity-based ecosystem services to crops through optimized densities of green infrastructure in agricultural landscapes (ECODEAL) research programme, 2013-2014 BiodivERsA/Agriculture, Food Security & Climate Change (FACCE-JPI) joint call for research proposals, with the national funders Agence Nationale de la Recherche, Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung, Swedish Research Council for Environment (FORMAS) (2014-1783), Fonds zur Forderung der wissenschaftlichen Forschung, Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad, Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO), and Projekttrager im Deutschen Zentrum fur Luft-und Raumfahrt (PT-DLR). G.L.P was supported by a region Poitou-Charentes-department Deux-Sevres PhD grant. N.G. was supported by the AgreenSkills+ fellowship programme, which has received funding from the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme under Grant Agreement FP7-609398 (AgreenSkills+ contract). Y.L.B.-P. was supported by the European Research Council (BIODESERT) and by a Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions Individual Fellowship (MSCA-IF) within the European Program Horizon 2020 (Linking plant functional diversity to ecosystem multifunctionality in arid systems worldwide [DRYFUN] Project 656035). C.V. was supported by the European Research Council (ERC) Starting Grant Project "ecophysiological and biophysical constraints on domestication in crop plants"(Grant ERC-StG-2014-639706-CONSTRAINTS). We thank Eric Allan, Sandra Lavorel, Herve Jactel, Colin Fontaine, and Pascal Carrere for their useful comments on the previous versions of the manuscript. NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 10 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JAN 21 PY 2020 VL 117 IS 3 BP 1573 EP 1579 DI 10.1073/pnas.1910023117 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA KF0YH UT WOS:000508977600050 PM 31907310 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Huber, J Kitson, A AF Huber, Julia Kitson, Alison TI An exploration of the role of ethnic identity in students' construction of 'British stories' SO CURRICULUM JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Early Access DE British; ethnic; gender; identity; narrative; school history ID YOUNG-PEOPLE; HISTORY; CURRICULUM; VIEWS AB Much of the research into history teaching and ethnicity concludes that the historical narratives that children from minority ethnic groups construct differ significantly from 'mainstream' or official national narratives and are often accompanied by a sense of disengagement or even alienation from the dominant history narratives taught in schools. Our research suggests that in England (or more specifically in London) the picture is more complicated than this. First, we did not find compelling evidence that students from black and minority ethnic backgrounds feel alienated or disengaged from the British history they are taught. Second, we found a surprising similarity across the narratives that different ethnic groups chose to tell us about British history, suggesting amongst other things some curriculum inertia in schools. Where differences did exist, we suggest that these can be explained as much by gender and broad cultural influences as by ethnicity. Third, whilst what students chose to include in their narratives was broadly similar across different ethnic groups, the reasons for including them did differ. Finally, and perhaps most positively, we conclude that students of all ethnic groups are keen to engage more critically with British narratives and would relish more opportunities to do so than current school curricula appear to encourage. C1 [Huber, Julia; Kitson, Alison] UCL Inst Educ, London, England. RP Huber, J (reprint author), UCL Inst Educ, Dept Curriculum Pedag & Assessment, 20 Bedford Way, London WC1H 0AL, England. EM julia.huber@ucl.ac.uk NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0958-5176 EI 1469-3704 J9 CURRIC J JI Curric. J. DI 10.1002/curj.23 EA JAN 2020 PG 25 WC Education & Educational Research SC Education & Educational Research GA KE6LF UT WOS:000508664900001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Basedau, M Roy, V AF Basedau, Matthias Roy, Vita TI Sleep, bark, or bite: Do natural resources make the difference regarding peaceful or violent conflict? SO INTERNATIONAL AREA STUDIES REVIEW LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Violent and peaceful protest; resources; Africa; ethnicity; grid-cell analysis ID RELEVANT ETHNIC-GROUPS; CIVIL-WAR; OIL; CURSE; DETERMINANTS; DEPENDENCE; RESISTANCE; GRIEVANCE; GREED; SPACE AB Natural resources can create state-based and other conflicts through several causal mechanisms. Debate, however, has remained silent on forms of conflict, especially why violent or peaceful collective action occurs. Combining the literatures on nonviolent- and armed conflict with work on the resource-conflict link, we developed a number of hypotheses on how resources affect the conditions under which collective actors such as ethnic groups remain dormant, voice grievances peacefully or engage in violent rebellion. A grid-cell analysis of ethnic groups in Africa largely confirmed our expectation on the effect of resources. Resource deposits increased the risk that violent conflict would occur; the effect was reversed and ethnic groups become dormant when groups living in resource regions were politically included. We also found some evidence that lootable resources fuel violent but not peaceful conflict. However, the non-resource context best explained the difference between violent and nonviolent conflict. Democracy, political exclusion and geography such as distance from capital and transborder ethnic kin were key in explaining why violent and not peaceful protest emerged. Future research should dig deeper into mechanisms of how resources affect forms of conflict and should further study non-resource conditions that can have functionally equivalent effects. C1 [Basedau, Matthias] German Inst Global & Area Studies, Neuer Jungfernstieg 21, D-20354 Hamburg, Germany. [Roy, Vita] Max Planck Gesell, Munich, Germany. RP Basedau, M (reprint author), German Inst Global & Area Studies, Neuer Jungfernstieg 21, D-20354 Hamburg, Germany. EM Matthias.basedau@giga-hamburg.de FU German Research Council (DFG)German Research Foundation (DFG) [BA 3515/4] FX The authors disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: The Research for this article was partially supported by the German Research Council (DFG); project number BA 3515/4. NR 52 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 2233-8659 EI 2049-1123 J9 INT AREA STUD REV JI Int. Area Stud. Rev. AR UNSP 2233865919895859 DI 10.1177/2233865919895859 EA JAN 2020 PG 20 WC International Relations SC International Relations GA KE8HE UT WOS:000508789600001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Cederman, LE Hug, S Schubiger, LI Villamil, F AF Cederman, Lars-Erik Hug, Simon Schubiger, Livia I. Villamil, Francisco TI Civilian Victimization and Ethnic Civil War SO JOURNAL OF CONFLICT RESOLUTION LA English DT Article; Early Access DE civil wars; ethnic conflict; one-sided violence; repression ID STATE REPRESSION; INDISCRIMINATE VIOLENCE; POLITICAL VIOLENCE; COLLECTIVE ACTION; SOCIAL NETWORKS; COUNTERINSURGENCY; CONFLICT; FEAR; MOBILIZATION; DETERRENCE AB While many studies provide insights into the causes of wartime civilian victimization, we know little about how the targeting of particular segments of the civilian population affects the onset and escalation of armed conflict. Previous research on conflict onset has been largely limited to structural variables, both theoretically and empirically. Moving beyond these static approaches, this article assesses how the state-led targeting of specific ethnic groups affects the likelihood of ethnic conflict onset and the evolution of conflicts once they break out. Relying on a new data set with global coverage that captures the ethnic identity of civilian victims of targeted violence, we find evidence that the state-led civilian victimization of particular ethnic groups increases the likelihood that the latter become involved in ethnic civil war. We also find tentative, yet more nuanced, evidence that ethnic targeting by state forces affects the escalation of ongoing conflicts. C1 [Cederman, Lars-Erik; Villamil, Francisco] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Ctr Comparat & Int Studies, Haldeneggsteig 4, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland. [Hug, Simon] Univ Geneva, Dept Sci Polit & Relat Int, Geneva, Switzerland. [Schubiger, Livia I.] Duke Univ, Dept Polit Sci, Durham, NC USA. RP Cederman, LE (reprint author), Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Ctr Comparat & Int Studies, Haldeneggsteig 4, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland. EM lcederman@ethz.ch FU Swiss Network of International Studies (SNIS) [2-71954-14] FX The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research and/or authorship of this article: This study received financial funding from Swiss Network of International Studies (SNIS; grant ID 2-71954-14). NR 78 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0022-0027 EI 1552-8766 J9 J CONFLICT RESOLUT JI J. Confl. Resolut. AR 0022002719898873 DI 10.1177/0022002719898873 EA JAN 2020 PG 27 WC International Relations; Political Science SC International Relations; Government & Law GA KE8DB UT WOS:000508778900001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Teleki, B Sonkoly, J Erdos, L Tothmeresz, B Prommer, M Torok, P AF Teleki, Balazs Sonkoly, Judit Erdos, Laszlo Tothmeresz, Bela Prommer, Matyas Torok, Peter TI High resistance of plant biodiversity to moderate native woody encroachment in loess steppe grassland fragments SO APPLIED VEGETATION SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Early Access DE abandonment; biodiversity conservation; dry grassland; Festuco-Brometea; fragmentation; grassland restoration; grassland species; loess steppe; species diversity; woody encroachment ID NORTH-AMERICAN GRASSLANDS; SHRUB ENCROACHMENT; ALPINE GRASSLANDS; SPECIES-DIVERSITY; MESIC GRASSLAND; VEGETATION; CONSERVATION; ECOSYSTEM; CONSEQUENCES; EXPANSION AB Questions Woody encroachment affects many open habitats from semi-deserts to wetlands and grasslands. We aimed to study the effect of native woody encroachment on grassland plant biodiversity in loess steppe fragments by analysing the vegetation composition of grasslands subjected to increasing levels of encroachment. We studied both ancient and restored grasslands with the following research hypotheses: (a) increasing woody encroachment decreases total diversity and the species richness of dry-grassland species; and (b) the effect of woody cover on grassland biodiversity differs between ancient and restored grasslands. Location South-Eastern part of Transdanubia, Hungary, Central Europe. Methods Altogether 63 loess grassland fragments were selected for the study. The percentage cover of trees, shrubs and herbaceous vegetation were recorded in 400-m(2)-sized plots (n = 110). The effects of woody encroachment and grassland age on diversity, total species richness of the herb layer, and richness of dry-grassland species were analysed. Results We found that woody encroachment affected the total richness of the herb layer and the species richness of dry-grassland species. For most of the listed variables, lowest values were found for the highest woody encroachment groups. Grassland age affected the species richness of the herb layer and that of dry-grassland species; lower values were detected in restored grasslands. In restored grasslands, Shannon diversity and species evenness were lower, while Berger-Parker dominance was higher than in ancient grasslands. Species composition and richness displayed a relatively high resistance to moderate woody encroachment; the highest decrease in diversity was detected at a high level of woody encroachment (>52% of woody cover). Conclusions We can conclude that low to moderate woody encroachment cannot be simplistically regarded as degradation. Results suggest that moderately encroached loess grasslands can be easily restored by the suppression of woody species, as their species pool still contains many dry-grassland species targeted for restoration. C1 [Teleki, Balazs] PTE KPVK, Inst Reg Dev, Szekszard, Hungary. [Teleki, Balazs; Sonkoly, Judit; Erdos, Laszlo; Tothmeresz, Bela; Torok, Peter] Univ Debrecen, Dept Ecol, Debrecen, Hungary. [Sonkoly, Judit; Torok, Peter] MTA DE Lendulet Funct & Restorat Ecol Res Grp, Egyet Sqr 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary. [Erdos, Laszlo] MTA Ctr Ecol Res, Inst Ecol & Bot, Vacratot, Hungary. [Tothmeresz, Bela] MTA DE Biodivers & Ecosyst Serv Res Grp, Debrecen, Hungary. [Prommer, Matyas] Herman Otto Inst Nonprofit Ltd, Budapest, Hungary. RP Torok, P (reprint author), MTA DE Lendulet Funct & Restorat Ecol Res Grp, Egyet Sqr 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary. EM molinia@gmail.com OI Sonkoly, Judit/0000-0002-4301-5240; Tothmeresz, Bela/0000-0002-4766-7668 FU NKFIH [K 116639, K119225, KH 129483, KH 130320]; HAS 'Momentum' Program FX NKFIH (K 116639, K119225, KH 129483, KH 130320). HAS 'Momentum' Program (for the establishment of the MTA-DE Lendulet Functional and Restoration Ecology Research Group) NR 61 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1402-2001 EI 1654-109X J9 APPL VEG SCI JI Appl. Veg. Sci. DI 10.1111/avsc.12474 EA JAN 2020 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA KE6BF UT WOS:000508638700001 OA Other Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Grattepanche, JD Katz, LA AF Grattepanche, Jean-David Katz, Laura A. TI Top-Down and Bottom-Up Controls on Microeukaryotic Diversity (i.e., Amplicon Analyses of SAR Lineages) and Function (i.e., Metatranscriptome Analyses) Assessed in Microcsm Experiments SO FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE protists; phytoplankton bloom; copepods; gene expression; nanoplankton; microplankton ID SPRING BLOOM; MARINE BACTERIOPLANKTON; PHYTOPLANKTON BLOOM; MICROZOOPLANKTON; SUCCESSION; PLANKTON; IMPACT; TOOL; BIODIVERSITY; COMMUNITIES AB The availability of high-throughput sequencing (HTS) has transformed our understanding of the diversity of microbial eukaryotes (i.e., protists) across diverse habitats. Yet relating this biodiversity to function remains a challenge, particularly in the context of microbial food webs. Here we perform a set of microcosm experiments to evaluate the impact of changing predator and prey concentrations on a marine protist community, focusing on SAR (Stramenopila, Alveolata, and Rhizaria) lineages. We combine an estimate of taxonomic diversity through analysis of SSU-rDNA amplicons with metatranscriptomics, a proxy for function. We assess changes in a community sampled from New England waters with varying concentrations of predators (copepods) and prey (phytoplankton <15 mu m in size). The greatest impact observed is on the diversity and function of the small plankton (2-10 mu m, nanoplankton) community in the presence of high prey abundance (i.e., bloom conditions). Many SAR taxa in the nanosized fraction decrease with increasing phytoplankton abundance, while ciliates (from both the nano- and microsized fractions) increase. A large number of transcripts and function estimates in the nanoplankton decreased during our simulated phytoplankton bloom. We also find evidence of an interaction between increasing phytoplankton and copepod abundances on the microsized planktonic community, consistent with the hypothesis that phytoplankton and copepods exert bottom-up control and top-down control on the microsized protists, respectively. Together our analyses suggest that community function [i.e., diversity of gene families (GFs)] remains relatively stable, while the functions at the species level (i.e., transcript diversity within GFs) show a substantial reduction of function under bloom conditions. Our study demonstrated that interactions within plankton food webs are complex, and that the relationships between diversity and function for marine microeukaryotes remain poorly understood. C1 [Grattepanche, Jean-David; Katz, Laura A.] Smith Coll, Dept Biol Sci, Northampton, MA 01063 USA. [Katz, Laura A.] Univ Massachusetts, Program Organism & Evolutionary Biol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP Katz, LA (reprint author), Smith Coll, Dept Biol Sci, Northampton, MA 01063 USA.; Katz, LA (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Program Organism & Evolutionary Biol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. EM lkatz@smith.edu RI Grattepanche, Jean-David/C-7101-2013 OI Grattepanche, Jean-David/0000-0002-1854-3762 FU National Science FoundationNational Science Foundation (NSF) [OCE-1436003, OCE-1924570, DEB-1541511]; Blakeslee Funds at Smith College FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (OCE-1436003, OCE-1924570 and DEB-1541511 to LK) and Blakeslee Funds at Smith College. NR 80 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU FRONTIERS MEDIA SA PI LAUSANNE PA AVENUE DU TRIBUNAL FEDERAL 34, LAUSANNE, CH-1015, SWITZERLAND EI 2296-7745 J9 FRONT MAR SCI JI Front. Mar. Sci. PD JAN 21 PY 2020 VL 6 AR 818 DI 10.3389/fmars.2019.00818 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA KE5MK UT WOS:000508599600001 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Mueller, EA Wisnoski, NI Peralta, AL Lennon, JT AF Mueller, Emmi A. Wisnoski, Nathan, I Peralta, Ariane L. Lennon, Jay T. TI Microbial rescue effects: How microbiomes can save hosts from extinction SO FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article; Early Access DE adaptation; biodiversity; conservation; dispersal; global change; symbiosis ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; EVOLUTIONARY RESCUE; LOCAL ADAPTATION; IMPROVE PLANT; CONSEQUENCES; SELECTION; BEHAVIOR; MICROORGANISMS; BIOGEOGRAPHY; POPULATION AB Rescue effects arise when ecological and evolutionary processes restore positive intrinsic growth rates in populations that are at risk of going extinct. Rescue effects have traditionally focused on the roles of immigration, phenotypic plasticity, gene flow, and adaptation. However, species interactions are also critical for understanding how populations respond to environmental change. In particular, the fitness of plant and animal hosts is strongly influenced by symbiotic associations with the bacteria, archaea, microeukaryotes and viruses that collectively make up a host's microbiome. While some are pathogenic, many microorganisms confer nutritional, immunological, and developmental benefits that can protect hosts against the effects of rapid environmental change. Microbial rescue occurs when changes in microbiome abundance, composition, or activity influence host physiology or behaviour in ways that improve host fitness. If these microbial attributes and their beneficial effects are transmitted through a population, it may stabilize growth rates and reduce the probability of extinction. In addition to providing a framework to guide theoretical and empirical efforts in host-microbiome research, the principles of microbial rescue may also be useful for adaptively managing at-risk species. We discuss the risks and rewards of incorporating microbial rescue into conservation strategies such as probiotics, assisted migration, and captive breeding. A free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article. C1 [Mueller, Emmi A.; Wisnoski, Nathan, I; Lennon, Jay T.] Indiana Univ, Dept Biol, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Peralta, Ariane L.] East Carolina Univ, Dept Biol, Greenville, NC 27858 USA. RP Lennon, JT (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Dept Biol, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. EM lennonj@indiana.edu OI Wisnoski, Nathan/0000-0002-2929-5231 FU National Science FoundationNational Science Foundation (NSF) [1442246]; US Army Research Office [W911NF-14-1-0411] FX National Science Foundation, Grant/Award Number: 1442246; US Army Research Office, Grant/Award Number: W911NF-14-1-0411 NR 81 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0269-8463 EI 1365-2435 J9 FUNCT ECOL JI Funct. Ecol. DI 10.1111/1365-2435.13493 EA JAN 2020 PG 10 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KE2NV UT WOS:000508397300001 OA Bronze DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Gbedomon, RC Salako, VK Schlaepfer, MA AF Gbedomon, Rodrigue C. Salako, Valere K. Schlaepfer, Martin A. TI Diverse views among scientists on non-native species SO NEOBIOTA LA English DT Article DE conservation ethics; exotic species; invasive species; nativism; values ID ALIEN; BIODIVERSITY; PERCEPTIONS; INDICATORS; POLICY AB Conservation scientists have traditionally viewed non-native species (NNS) as potential threats to native biodiversity. Here, we question whether alternative views of NNS exist in the scientific community that stand in contrast to the dominant narrative that emerges from the literature. We asked researchers from the biological, social, and environmental sciences to participate in an anonymous poll regarding the perceived values and threats of NNS. Some 314 individuals responded, approximately half of whom were biologists and half were social or environmental scientists. We grouped responses into three statistical clusters defined by shared responses. We then analyzed the correlation of responses to individual questions and membership of clusters with predictor variables age, gender, and field of work. Overall, a majority of respondents in our sample supported statements that the species-component of biodiversity should include all species (55%) or some types of non-native species (an additional 32%), which contrasts with the manner in which major biodiversity assessments and indicators are constructed. A majority of respondents in our sample (65%) also supported that measurement of the impact of invasive species should be based on the net biological, social, and economic effects, which also represents a marked departure from current methods that focus only on the adverse effects of a subset of NNS considered as invasive. Field of work and age were correlated with clusters and numerous individual responses. For example, biologists were three-times more likely than non-biologists to support a definition of species richness that included only native species. Two clusters (Cluster 1 and Cluster 3), mainly composed of non-biologists and biologists, respectively, differed in their support for statements that NNS would provide useful ecosystem services in the future (66% and 40%, respectively). Thus, a key result of this study is that a variety of normative stances regarding NNS is present within the scientific community. Current international indicators of progress (e.g., Aichi Targets) capture only a "nativist" set of values, which, if our sample is representative of the scientific community, appears to be a minority view. Therefore, we argue that indicators should be modified to integrate the diversity of views that exist within the scientific community. C1 [Gbedomon, Rodrigue C.; Schlaepfer, Martin A.] Univ Geneva, Inst Environm Sci, Blvd Carl Vogt 66, CH-1205 Geneva, Switzerland. [Gbedomon, Rodrigue C.; Salako, Valere K.] Univ Abomey Calavi, Lab Biomath & Estimat Forestieres, 04 POB 1525, Cotonou, Benin. RP Gbedomon, RC; Schlaepfer, MA (reprint author), Univ Geneva, Inst Environm Sci, Blvd Carl Vogt 66, CH-1205 Geneva, Switzerland.; Gbedomon, RC (reprint author), Univ Abomey Calavi, Lab Biomath & Estimat Forestieres, 04 POB 1525, Cotonou, Benin. EM gbedmon@gmail.com; martin.schlaepfer@unige.ch OI Salako, Kolawole Valere/0000-0002-7817-3687 FU University of Geneva FX We thank the respondents who took the time to participate in this poll. We also thank Juliet Fall, Arian Wallach, and James Russell for their comments on an earlier version of this manuscript. We thank the University of Geneva for financial support. NR 52 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU PENSOFT PUBLISHERS PI SOFIA PA 12 PROF GEORGI ZLATARSKI ST, SOFIA, 1700, BULGARIA SN 1619-0033 EI 1314-2488 J9 NEOBIOTA JI NeoBiota PD JAN 21 PY 2020 IS 54 BP 49 EP 69 DI 10.3897/neobiota.54.38741 PG 21 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KE6GB UT WOS:000508651400001 OA DOAJ Gold, Green Published DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Fletcher, JR AF Fletcher, James R. TI Positioning ethnicity in dementia awareness research: does the use of senility risk ascribing racialised knowledge deficits to minority groups? SO SOCIOLOGY OF HEALTH & ILLNESS LA English DT Article; Early Access DE dementia; senility; awareness; ethnicity; postcolonial; psychiatry ID GENERAL-PRACTITIONERS KNOWLEDGE; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; HELP-SEEKING; FAMILY CAREGIVERS; AFRICAN-AMERICAN; EARLY-DIAGNOSIS; NATIONAL-SURVEY; MENTAL-ILLNESS; CHINESE; PERCEPTIONS AB Over recent decades, the importance of increasing dementia awareness has been promoted by charities, researchers and governments. In response, a large body of research has emerged that evaluates the awareness of different populations. One such population are minority ethnic communities. Associated studies typically conclude that minority ethnic groups have a poor awareness of dementia and that interventions should be developed to better educate them. Operationalisations of awareness almost always reference senility - the traditional notion that dementia is a natural outcome of ageing - a widely held belief among many populations. Senility is considered incorrect knowledge in the research literature, and those participants who identify with it are deemed to have poor awareness. Despite the researchers' claims that senility is false, the scientific evidence is inconclusive, and the concept is contested. As such, a large body of research repeatedly positions minority ethnic communities as inferior and in need of re-education based on researchers' questionable assumptions. This issue is bound up with a racialised deficit-model of science communication and wider critiques of psychiatric colonialism. In response, researchers of dementia and ethnicity should reflect on their own awareness and the ways in which they position others in relation to it. C1 [Fletcher, James R.] Kings Coll London, Dept Global Hlth & Social Med, Room 3-12,Bush House South East Wing 40, London WC2B 4BG, England. RP Fletcher, JR (reprint author), Kings Coll London, Dept Global Hlth & Social Med, Room 3-12,Bush House South East Wing 40, London WC2B 4BG, England. EM james.fletcher@kcl.ac.uk OI Fletcher, James/0000-0001-9198-4321 NR 124 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0141-9889 EI 1467-9566 J9 SOCIOL HEALTH ILL JI Sociol. Health Ill. DI 10.1111/1467-9566.13054 EA JAN 2020 PG 19 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical; Sociology SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences; Sociology GA KE2HS UT WOS:000508379900001 PM 31965599 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Brunton, EA Clemente, CJ Burnett, SE AF Brunton, Elizabeth A. Clemente, Christofer J. Burnett, Scott E. TI Not all urban landscapes are the same: interactions between urban land use and stress in a large herbivorous mammal SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article; Early Access DE anthropogenic impact; eastern grey kangaroo; fecal cortisol metabolite; land use; urban wildlife; urbanization; wildlife stress ID EASTERN GREY KANGAROOS; NEW-SOUTH-WALES; PHYSIOLOGICAL STRESS; NONINVASIVE EVALUATION; RESPONSES; WILDLIFE; HOME; URBANIZATION; CONSERVATION; BIODIVERSITY AB Urbanization significantly impacts the health and viability of wildlife populations yet it is not well understood how urban landscapes differ from non-urban landscapes with regard to their effects on wildlife. This study investigated the physiological response of eastern grey kangaroos (Macropus giganteus) to land use at a landscape scale. Using fecal glucocorticoid metabolites (FGM) we compared stress levels of kangaroo populations in urban and non-urban environments. We modeled FGM concentrations from 24 kangaroo populations against land use (urban or non-urban) and other anthropogenic and environmental factors, using a linear modeling approach. We found that land use was a significant predictor of FGM concentrations in eastern grey kangaroos with significant differences in concentrations between urban and non-urban populations. However, the direction of the relationship differed between northern and southern regions of Australia. In the northern study sites, kangaroos in urban areas had significantly higher FGM levels than their non-urban counterparts. In contrast, in southern sites, where kangaroos occur in high densities in many urban areas, urban kangaroos had lower FGM concentrations than non-urban kangaroos. Rainfall and temperature were also significant predictors of FGM and the direction of the relationship was consistent across both regions. These results are consistent with the contrasting abundance and persistence of kangaroo populations within the urban matrix between the two study regions. In the northern region many populations have declined over the last two decades and are fragmented, also occurring at lower densities than in southern sites. Our study indicates that it is the characteristics of urban environments, rather than the urban environment per se, which determines the extent of impacts of urbanization on kangaroos. This research provides insights into how the design of urban landscapes can influence large mammal populations. C1 [Brunton, Elizabeth A.; Clemente, Christofer J.; Burnett, Scott E.] Univ Sunshine Coast, Sch Sci & Engn, 90 Sippy Downs Dr, Sippy Downs, Qld 4556, Australia. RP Brunton, EA (reprint author), Univ Sunshine Coast, Sch Sci & Engn, 90 Sippy Downs Dr, Sippy Downs, Qld 4556, Australia. EM ebrunton@usc.edu.au FU Sunshine Coast Council; University of the Sunshine Coast; Environmental Legacy Foundation FX The authors would like to thank all of the landholders who granted access to kangaroos on their properties: Twin Waters Golf club, Elanda Point campground, A. Brake, R. Keenan, J. Tompkins, T. Armstrong, Centenary Memorial Gardens, and T. Burns (Churches of Christ). Thank you to TAMS staff for assisting with access to Canberra Nature Park reserves and Namadgi National park. In particular, we would like to thank Don Fletcher whose insights into and extensive knowledge of kangaroo populations in the ACT were invaluable to undertaking this research. Thank you to G. Hume, A. Brunton, and F. Brunton for assistance in the field and to the Huber family for their hospitality. Thank you to R. Hobbs and R. Kirkup from Taronga Zoo for laboratory analyses. R. Burns and A. Brunton assisted with editing. Thank you to the anonymous reviewers for providing insightful comments that improved the manuscript. This research was conducted under a University of the Sunshine Coast Animal ethics permit #ANA1489. This research was supported by funding from Sunshine Coast Council, University of the Sunshine Coast and the Environmental Legacy Foundation. NR 64 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1051-0761 EI 1939-5582 J9 ECOL APPL JI Ecol. Appl. DI 10.1002/eap.2055 EA JAN 2020 PG 12 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KE1IA UT WOS:000508312100001 PM 31828865 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Cai, CR Wu, ZX AF Cai, Chao-Ran Wu, Zhi-Xi TI Analytical treatment for cyclic three-state dynamics on static networks SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID BIODIVERSITY; GAME; SIMULATION; PROMOTES; MODEL AB Whenever a dynamical process unfolds on static networks, the dynamical state of any focal individual will be exclusively influenced by directly connected neighbors, rather than by those unconnected ones, hence the arising of the dynamical correlation problem, where mean-field-based methods fail to capture the scenario. The dynamic correlation coupling problem has always been an important and difficult problem in the theoretical field of physics. The explicit analytical expressions and the decoupling methods often play a key role in the development of corresponding field. In this paper, we study the cyclic three-state dynamics on static networks, which include a wide class of dynamical processes, for example, the cyclic Lotka-Volterra model, the directed migration model, the susceptible-infected-recovered-susceptible epidemic model, and the predator-prey with empty sites model. We derive the explicit analytical solutions of the propagating size and the threshold curve surface for the four different dynamics. We compare the results on static networks with those on annealed networks and made an interesting discovery: for the symmetrical dynamical model (the cyclic Lotka-Volterra model and the directed migration model, where the three states are of rotational symmetry), the macroscopic behaviors of the dynamical processes on static networks are the same as those on annealed networks; while the outcomes of the dynamical processes on static networks are different with, and more complicated than, those on annealed networks for asymmetric dynamical model (the susceptible-infected-recovered-susceptible epidemic model and the predator-prey with empty sites model). We also compare the results forecasted by our theoretical method with those by Monte Carlo simulations and find good agreement between the results obtained by the two methods. C1 [Cai, Chao-Ran] Northwest Univ, Sch Phys, Xian 710069, Peoples R China. [Cai, Chao-Ran] Shaanxi Key Lab Theoret Phys Frontiers, Xian 710069, Peoples R China. [Wu, Zhi-Xi] Lanzhou Univ, Inst Computat Phys & Complex Syst, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, Peoples R China. RP Cai, CR (reprint author), Northwest Univ, Sch Phys, Xian 710069, Peoples R China.; Cai, CR (reprint author), Shaanxi Key Lab Theoret Phys Frontiers, Xian 710069, Peoples R China. EM ccr@nwu.edu.cn; wuzhx@lzu.edu.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [11705147, 11975111] FX This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants No. 11705147 and No. 11975111). NR 62 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0045 EI 2470-0053 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JAN 21 PY 2020 VL 101 IS 1 AR 012305 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.101.012305 PG 15 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA KE3JK UT WOS:000508455100005 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Ribes-Moya, AM Adalid, AM Raigon, MD Hellin, P Fita, A Rodriguez-Burruezo, A AF Ribes-Moya, Ana M. Adalid, Ana M. Raigon, Maria D. Hellin, Pilar Fita, Ana Rodriguez-Burruezo, Adrian TI Variation in flavonoids in a collection of peppers (Capsicum sp.) under organic and conventional cultivation: effect of the genotype, ripening stage, and growing system SO JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article; Early Access DE HPLC; antioxidants; sustainable agriculture; quercetin; luteolin; kaempferol ID ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY; PHENOLIC-COMPOUNDS; ANNUUM L.; PLANT FOODS; FRUITS; SWEET; CAPACITY; QUALITY; BIODIVERSITY; FRESH AB BACKGROUND In recent years, the acreage used for organic agriculture and the demand for organic fruit and vegetables have increased considerably. Given this scenario, landraces, such as Capsicum landraces, can provide valuable germplasm. Capsicum peppers are very interesting because of their high phenolic content, and particularly their flavonoid content, which provides a high added value. Moreover, the broad genetic diversity in local varieties expands the opportunities for adaptation to organic production and for exploiting genotype x environment interactions to select peppers with the highest phenolic content. RESULTS In this work, the main flavonoids of peppers were exhaustively evaluated over 2 years in a wide collection of heirlooms, both unripe and fully ripe, under organic and conventional cultivation. The genotype and ripening stage contributed to a high degree to the variation in flavonoids. The growing system influenced this variation to a lesser extent. Luteolin and quercetin showed the highest contributions to total phenolic content (70% and > 20%, respectively) at both ripening stages, while myricetin, apigenin, and kaempferol showed lower contributrions. The average flavonoid content was higher in ripe fruits, and organic management significantly increased the accumulation of total flavonoids and luteolin. Positive correlations between flavonoids were found at both ripening stages, especially between main flavonoids luteolin and quercetin and between kaempferol and quercetin (rho > 0.7). CONCLUSION Genotype x environment interaction enabled the identification of accessions with high flavonoid content grown under organic conditions at both ripening stages, particularly total flavonoids and luteolin at the fully ripe stage. Our results reinforce the importance of a wide genetic variation and of considering different ripening stages and growing conditions for breeding high-quality peppers. (c) 2020 Society of Chemical Industry C1 [Ribes-Moya, Ana M.; Adalid, Ana M.; Raigon, Maria D.; Fita, Ana; Rodriguez-Burruezo, Adrian] Univ Politecn Valencia, Inst Conservac & Mejora Agrodiversidad Valenciana, Edificio 8E,Camino Vera S-N, E-46022 Valencia, Spain. [Hellin, Pilar] Inst Murciano Invest & Desarrollo Agr & Alimentar, La Alberca, Spain. RP Rodriguez-Burruezo, A (reprint author), Univ Politecn Valencia, Inst Conservac & Mejora Agrodiversidad Valenciana, Edificio 8E,Camino Vera S-N, E-46022 Valencia, Spain. EM adrodbur@doctor.upv.es OI Rodriguez-Burruezo, Adrian/0000-0002-4530-8071; Ribes Moya, Ana Maria/0000-0001-6576-6224; FITA, ANA/0000-0002-8637-5852 FU Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA)Instituto de Investigacion Agropecuaria (INIA) [RTA2014-00041-C02-02]; Universitat Politecnica de Valencia (UPV) [FPI-UPV-2017 (PAID-01-17)] FX This work has been funded by the Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA) project RTA2014-00041-C02-02, Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional(FEDER) funds. A.M. Ribes-Moya expresses her gratitude to the Universitat Politecnica de Valencia (UPV) for her scholarship FPI-UPV-2017 (PAID-01-17). The authors also thank the farmers' association Unio de Llauradors i Ramaders (LA UNI) for the arrangement and management of fields - specifically Manuel Figueroa, Rafael Hurtado, Ricard Ballester, and Antonio Munoz, and seed providers P.W. Bosland, S. Lanteri, Francois Jourdan, Santiago Larregla, and the Regulatory Boards of the PDOs and PGIs included in this work. The authors are also grateful for the support of Professor Jaime Prohens with statistical methods. NR 51 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-5142 EI 1097-0010 J9 J SCI FOOD AGR JI J. Sci. Food Agric. DI 10.1002/jsfa.10245 EA JAN 2020 PG 16 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA KE0PQ UT WOS:000508263800001 PM 31909478 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Fung, T Verma, S Chisholm, RA AF Fung, Tak Verma, Sonali Chisholm, Ryan A. TI Probability distributions of extinction times, species richness, and immigration and extinction rates in neutral ecological models SO JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Birth-death process; Extinction risk; Island biogeography; Neutral model; Species age; Species lifetime ID ENVIRONMENTAL STOCHASTICITY; SAMPLING FORMULA; EMERGENT NEUTRALITY; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; RAIN-FORESTS; BIODIVERSITY; DISPERSAL; ABUNDANCE; DIVERSITY; EQUILIBRIUM AB In community ecology, neutral models make the assumption that species are equivalent, such that species abundances differ only because of demographic stochasticity. Despite their ecological simplicity, neutral models have been found to give reasonable descriptions of expected patterns of biodiversity in communities with many species. Such patterns include the expected total number of species and speciesabundance distributions describing the expected number of species in different abundance classes. However, the expected patterns represent only the central tendencies of the full distributions of possible outcomes. Thus, ecological inferences and conclusions based only on expected patterns are incomplete, and may be misleading. Here, we address this issue for the spatially implicit neutral model, by using classic results from birth-death processes to derive (1) the probability distribution of extinction time of a species with given abundance for the metacommunity; (2) the probability distributions of total species richness and number of species with given abundance for both the metacommunity and local community; and (3) the probability distributions of the average immigration and extinction rates in the local community, across different values of total species richness. We illustrate the utility of these probability distributions in providing greater ecological insight via statistical inference. Firstly, we show that under the neutral metacommunity model, there is only 2.65 x 10(-9) probability that the age of a common tree species in the Amazon is <= 3 x 10(8) yr, which is approximately the oldest estimated age of the first angiosperm. Thus, species ages from the model are unrealistically high. Secondly, for a tree community in a 50 ha plot at Barro Colorado Island in Panama, we show that the spatially implicit model can be fitted to observed species richness and an independent estimate of the immigration parameter, with the fitted model predicting a species-abundance distribution close to the observed distribution. Our results complement those using sampling formulae that specify the multivariate probability distribution of species abundances from neutral models. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Fung, Tak; Chisholm, Ryan A.] Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Biol Sci, 16 Sci Dr 4, Singapore 117558, Singapore. [Verma, Sonali] Scuola Normale Super Pisa, Dept Phys, I-56126 Pisa 7, Italy. RP Chisholm, RA (reprint author), Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Biol Sci, 16 Sci Dr 4, Singapore 117558, Singapore. EM dbsftc@nus.edu.sg; sonali.verma@sns.it; dbscra@nus.edu.sg FU James S. McDonnell Foundation [220020470]; Smithsonian Tropical Research in Panama; U.S. National Science FoundationNational Science Foundation (NSF) FX We thank two anonymous reviewers for reading this manuscript and providing constructive comments, which have resulted in substantial improvements. In addition, we would like to thank Nao Takashina from the Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology for reading a draft of the manuscript and providing insightful comments. This work was supported by a grant to R. A. Chisholm from the James S. McDonnell Foundation (#220020470). The BCI forest dynamics research project was founded by S.P. Hubbell and R.B. Foster and is now managed by R. Condit, S. Lao, and R. Perez under the Center for Tropical Forest Science and the Smithsonian Tropical Research in Panama. Numerous organizations have provided funding, principally the U.S. National Science Foundation, and hundreds of field workers have contributed. NR 90 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 23 U2 23 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-5193 EI 1095-8541 J9 J THEOR BIOL JI J. Theor. Biol. PD JAN 21 PY 2020 VL 485 AR 110051 DI 10.1016/j.jtbi.2019.110051 PG 13 WC Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA JN0RO UT WOS:000496611900010 PM 31626812 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Navarro-Racines, C Tarapues, J Thornton, P Jarvis, A Ramirez-Villegas, J AF Navarro-Racines, Carlos Tarapues, Jaime Thornton, Philip Jarvis, Andy Ramirez-Villegas, Julian TI High-resolution and bias-corrected CMIP5 projections for climate change impact assessments SO SCIENTIFIC DATA LA English DT Article; Data Paper ID EARTH SYSTEM MODEL; REGIONAL CLIMATE; COUPLED MODEL; CHANGE ADAPTATION; PART I; SIMULATION; CIRCULATION; SCENARIOS; INTERPOLATION; CONSERVATION AB Projections of climate change are available at coarse scales (70-400 km). But agricultural and species models typically require finer scale climate data to model climate change impacts. Here, we present a global database of future climates developed by applying the delta method -a method for climate model bias correction. We performed a technical evaluation of the bias-correction method using a 'perfect sibling' framework and show that it reduces climate model bias by 50-70%. The data include monthly maximum and minimum temperatures and monthly total precipitation, and a set of bioclimatic indices, and can be used for assessing impacts of climate change on agriculture and biodiversity. The data are publicly available in the World Data Center for Climate (WDCC; cera-www.dkrz.de), as well as in the CCAFS-Climate data portal (http://ccafs-climate.org). The database has been used up to date in more than 350 studies of ecosystem and agricultural impact assessment. C1 [Navarro-Racines, Carlos; Tarapues, Jaime; Jarvis, Andy; Ramirez-Villegas, Julian] Int Ctr Trop Agr CIAT, Cali, Colombia. [Navarro-Racines, Carlos; Tarapues, Jaime; Thornton, Philip; Jarvis, Andy; Ramirez-Villegas, Julian] CIAT, CGIAR Res Program Climate Change Agr & Food Secur, Cali, Colombia. [Thornton, Philip] ILRI, Nairobi, Kenya. [Ramirez-Villegas, Julian] Univ Leeds, Sch Earth & Environm, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England. RP Ramirez-Villegas, J (reprint author), Int Ctr Trop Agr CIAT, Cali, Colombia.; Ramirez-Villegas, J (reprint author), CIAT, CGIAR Res Program Climate Change Agr & Food Secur, Cali, Colombia.; Ramirez-Villegas, J (reprint author), Univ Leeds, Sch Earth & Environm, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England. EM j.r.villegas@cgiar.org OI Ramirez-Villegas, Julian/0000-0002-8044-583X FU CGIAR Trust Fund Donors FX This work was implemented as part of the CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS), which is carried out with support from CGIAR Trust Fund Donors and through bilateral funding agreements. For details, please visit www.ccafs.cgiar.org/donors.The views expressed in this paper cannot be taken to reflect the official opinions of these organizations. We acknowledge the World Climate Research Programme's Working Group on Coupled Modelling, which is responsible for CMIP, and we thank the climate modeling groups (listed in Table 1) for producing and making available their model output. For CMIP, the U.S. Department of Energy's Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Inter-comparison provides coordinating support and led the development of software infrastructure in partnership with the Global Organization for Earth System Science Portals. We gratefully acknowledge to Osana Bonilla-Findji, David Abreu, Hector Tobon and all the Flagship 2 (Climate Smart Agricultural Practices) CCAFS team, who helped to the development of the CCAFS-Climate portal since its inception. We thank Kornelia Rassmann and Tonya Schuetz who performed an evaluation of the contribution of the portal to development outcomes and environmental impact research studies. We thank to Dr. Frank Toussaint for his help to host the data at WDCC and thank the WDCC for hosting our dataset. Finally, we thank Myles J. Fisher, emeritus scientist from CIAT, for his help with the editing of this manuscript. NR 120 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND EI 2052-4463 J9 SCI DATA JI Sci. Data PD JAN 20 PY 2020 VL 7 IS 1 AR 7 DI 10.1038/s41597-019-0343-8 PG 14 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA KI5PE UT WOS:000511401200001 PM 31959765 OA DOAJ Gold, Green Published DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Newbold, T Bentley, LF Hill, SLL Edgar, MJ Horton, M Su, G Sekercioglu, CH Collen, B Purvis, A AF Newbold, Tim Bentley, Laura F. Hill, Samantha L. L. Edgar, Melanie J. Horton, Matthew Su, Geoffrey Sekercioglu, Cagan H. Collen, Ben Purvis, Andy TI Global effects of land use on biodiversity differ among functional groups SO FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article; Early Access DE biodiversity; ecosystem function; ecosystem structure; functional groups; global; land use ID TERRESTRIAL SYSTEMS; SPECIES RESPONSES; DIVERSITY; IMPACT; INTENSITY; PRESSURES; TRAITS AB Human land use has caused substantial declines in global species richness. Evidence from different taxonomic groups and geographic regions suggests that land use does not equally impact all organisms within terrestrial ecological communities, and that different functional groups of species may respond differently. In particular, we expect large carnivores to decline more in disturbed land uses than other animal groups. We present the first global synthesis of responses to land use across functional groups using data from a wide set of animal species, including herbivores, omnivores, carnivores, fungivores and detritivores; and ranging in body mass from 2 x 10(-6) g (an oribatid mite) to 3,825 kg (the African elephant). We show that the abundance of large endotherms, small ectotherms, carnivores and fungivores (although in the last case, not significantly) are reduced disproportionately in human land uses compared with the abundance of other functional groups. The results, suggesting that certain functional groups are consistently favoured over others in land used by humans, imply a substantial restructuring of ecological communities. Given that different functional groups make unique contributions to ecological processes, it is likely that there will be substantial impacts on the functioning of ecosystems. A free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article. C1 [Newbold, Tim; Collen, Ben] UCL, Ctr Biodivers & Environm Res, Dept Genet Evolut & Environm, London, England. [Bentley, Laura F.; Hill, Samantha L. L.] UN Environm World Conservat Monitoring Ctr, Cambridge, England. [Hill, Samantha L. L.; Edgar, Melanie J.; Purvis, Andy] Nat Hist Museum, Dept Life Sci, London, England. [Horton, Matthew; Su, Geoffrey; Purvis, Andy] Imperial Coll London, Dept Life Sci, London, England. [Sekercioglu, Cagan H.] Univ Utah, Dept Biol, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Sekercioglu, Cagan H.] Koc Univ, Coll Sci, Istanbul, Turkey. [Bentley, Laura F.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Plant Sci, Downing St, Cambridge CB2 3EA, England. RP Newbold, T (reprint author), UCL, Ctr Biodivers & Environm Res, Dept Genet Evolut & Environm, London, England. EM t.newbold@ucl.ac.uk RI /R-8958-2019 OI /0000-0001-7361-0051 FU UK Natural Environment Research CouncilNERC Natural Environment Research Council [NE/J011193/2]; Leverhulme TrustLeverhulme Trust [RPG-2015-073]; Royal SocietyRoyal Society of London FX UK Natural Environment Research Council, Grant/Award Number: NE/J011193/2; Leverhulme Trust, Grant/Award Number: RPG-2015-073; Royal Society NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0269-8463 EI 1365-2435 J9 FUNCT ECOL JI Funct. Ecol. DI 10.1111/1365-2435.13500 EA JAN 2020 PG 10 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KE7YG UT WOS:000508766400001 OA Bronze DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Al Moaleem, MM Porwal, A Al Ahmari, NM Shariff, M Homeida, HE Khalid, A AF Al Moaleem, Mohammed M. Porwal, Amit Al Ahmari, Nasser M. Shariff, Mansoor Homeida, Husham Elraih Khalid, Asaad TI Khat Chewing Induces a Floral Shift in Dental Material-Associated Microbiota: A Preliminary Study SO MEDICAL SCIENCE MONITOR LA English DT Article DE Biofilms; Catha; Dental Materials; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S ID MISWAK SALVADORA-PERSICA; BIOFILM FORMATION; RESTORATIVE MATERIALS; STREPTOCOCCUS-MUTANS; CLASS-II; CARIES; ADHESION; SURFACE; COLONIZATION; SUBGINGIVAL AB Background: The habit of khat (Catha Edulis Forskal) chewing is widely practiced in the southern regions of Saudi Arabia, Yemen, and East Africa. This social habit has tremendous effects on oral and general health of khat chewers. Khat may affect bacterial species in plaque biofilms on oral rehabilitation materials. This preliminary case-controlled study aimed to assess and compare the effect of khat chewing on bacterial biodiversity between nonkhat chewers (NKC) and khat chewers (KC) in oral biofilms on oral rehabilitation materials using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Material/Methods: Fifty participants were organized into 2 equal groups of NKC and KC, each containing 5 subgroups related to filling material type. Some participants had amalgam (A) or composite (C) restorations, while others had feldspathic porcelain (FP), nickel chromium (NC), and zirconia ceramic (ZC) crowns or bridges. Oral biofilm samples were collected from all participants, DNA was extracted, and samples were subjected to PCR. Bacterial species were then identified and counted. PCR products were sequenced to detect similarity. Partial 16S rRNA gene sequences of the current study samples were compared with 16S rRNA gene sequences from GenBank using BLAST on the National Center for Biotechnology Information website. Results: The Streptococcus sp. was the most common bacterial species among our participants (40; 80%), followed by Lactobacillus and Veillonella spp., accounting for 12% (6) and 8% (4), respectively. Streptococcus sp. was observed equally among NKC and KC, but Lactobacillus and Veillonella spp. were higher in KC and NKC, respectively. Lactobacillus was associated mainly with prosthetic materials, and Streptococcus was found among all examined dental restorative materials. Conclusions: This research concluded that khat chewing significantly affects bacterial biodiversity in oral biofilms in the presence of different restorative and prosthetic dental materials. C1 [Al Moaleem, Mohammed M.; Porwal, Amit] Jazan Univ, Coll Dent, Prosthet Dent Dept, Jazan, Saudi Arabia. [Al Ahmari, Nasser M.; Shariff, Mansoor] King Khalid Univ, Coll Dent, Prosthodont Dept, Abha, Saudi Arabia. [Homeida, Husham Elraih] Jazan Univ, Coll Dent, Dept Prevent Dent Sci, Jazan, Saudi Arabia. [Khalid, Asaad] Jazan Univ, Subst Abuse Res Ctr, Jazan, Saudi Arabia. RP Al Moaleem, MM (reprint author), Jazan Univ, Coll Dent, Prosthet Dent Dept, Jazan, Saudi Arabia. EM drmoaleem2014@gmail.com FU Deanship of Scientific Research, Jazan University, Saudi Arabia [000168/7/1437] FX This research was supported by a grant from the Deanship of Scientific Research, Jazan University, Saudi Arabia (grant no. 000168/7/1437) NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION, INC PI MELVILLE PA 150 BROADHOLLOW RD, STE 114, MELVILLE, NY 11747 USA SN 1643-3750 J9 MED SCI MONITOR JI Med. Sci. Monitor PD JAN 20 PY 2020 VL 26 AR e918219 DI 10.12659/MSM.918219 PG 9 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA KE4VB UT WOS:000508553800001 PM 31956260 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Wen, XX Xia, YJ Guo, M Zhao, LC Zhou, L AF Wen, Xiaoxiao Xia, Yanjie Guo, Min Zhao, Liancheng Zhou, Long TI Association Between Serum Cotinine and Severe Abdominal Aortic Calcification in US Adults SO ANGIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Early Access DE serum cotinine; smoking; abdominal aortic calcification; cross-sectional study ID CORONARY-ARTERY CALCIFICATION; TRADITIONAL RISK-FACTORS; CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS; COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; CIGARETTE-SMOKING; DISEASE; PROGRESSION; PREDICTOR; CALCIUM; VALIDATION AB This study aims to explore the association between serum cotinine and severe abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) in the US adults. We examined 2840 participants with a weighted mean age of 57.4 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013-2014. Serum cotinine was analyzed as the main exposure both continuously and categorically (tertiles). Abdominal aortic calcification detected with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was quantified using the Kauppila score system. Severe AAC was detected in 252 (8.9%) participants. The multivariable-adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of the middle and top cotinine categories were 1.14 (0.79-1.64) and 1.80 (1.21-2.68), respectively, P for trend = .004. Per unit increase in log-transformed serum cotinine was associated with 10% (95% CI: 6%-15%) higher odds of severe AAC when serum cotinine was analyzed as a continuous variable. The association was consistent across sex and ethnic groups. In conclusion, elevated serum cotinine level was associated with higher odds for severe AAC in a representative sample of US adults. C1 [Wen, Xiaoxiao; Xia, Yanjie; Guo, Min; Zhao, Liancheng] Chinese Acad Med Sci & Peking Union Med Coll, Fuwai Hosp, Natl Ctr Cardiovasc Dis, Div Prevent & Community Hlth, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Zhou, Long] Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Sch Publ Hlth, 76 West Yanta Rd, Xian 710061, Peoples R China. RP Zhou, L (reprint author), Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Sch Publ Hlth, 76 West Yanta Rd, Xian 710061, Peoples R China. EM wcuzhl@163.com NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0003-3197 EI 1940-1574 J9 ANGIOLOGY JI Angiology AR 0003319719899847 DI 10.1177/0003319719899847 EA JAN 2020 PG 7 WC Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA KE4JT UT WOS:000508524300001 PM 31955606 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Janzen, DH Hallwachs, W AF Janzen, Daniel H. Hallwachs, Winnie TI Area de Conservacion Guanacaste, northwestern Costa Rica: Converting a tropical national park to conservation via biodevelopment SO BIOTROPICA LA English DT Article; Early Access DE BioAlfa; biodiversity; bioliteracy; climate change; Parataxonomist; restoration; tropical forest ID DRY SEASON; HABITAT; CONSUMPTION; HERBIVORES; DISPERSAL; INVENTORY; RODENTS; FRUITS; HORSES; SEEDS AB The 30,000 hectare classical Costa Rican Parque Nacional Santa Rosa has used about 35 years and $107 million to be converted to the 169,000 ha government-NGO hybrid area de Conservacion Guanacaste (ACG). This semi-decentralized conservation entity has today a staff of 150 paraprofessional resident Costa Ricans, biodeveloping at least 650,000 multicellular species (Eucaryotes) into perpetuity for ACG survival through being integrated with its local, regional, national, and international society. ACG began in 1985 as an ongoing exercise of landscape-level ecosystem rescue and restoration of a continuous swath from 6 km out in the Pacific ocean, across dry forested lowlands, up and over the volcanic Cordillera Guanacaste, and down into the rain-forested Caribbean lowlands. It is being impacted by climate change, yet its diverse ecosystems hold hope for major biodiversity survival, albeit in new community assemblages. It quickly became simultaneously a biophysical challenge and an administratively novel challenge in decentralized conservation in a democratic tropical country. ACG specializes at being managed by on-the-job stimulated and trained residents with minimal formal education, searching for ways to involve ACG in its society without damaging its wildness, and pioneering ways to render wild biodiversity to being a welcome member at society's negotiating table. It continues to pay its bills through government subsidy, generous donors, payments for services, project grants, and huge in-kind contributions from mutualisms. ACG hopes that the concept will spread south-south to other tropical countries while they still have some of their wild biodiversity with which to integrate. Abstract in Spanish is available with online material. C1 [Janzen, Daniel H.; Hallwachs, Winnie] Univ Penn, Dept Biol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Janzen, DH (reprint author), Univ Penn, Dept Biol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM djanzen@sas.upenn.edu NR 58 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0006-3606 EI 1744-7429 J9 BIOTROPICA JI Biotropica DI 10.1111/btp.12755 EA JAN 2020 PG 13 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KD9EZ UT WOS:000508165800001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Dufresnes, C Pribille, M Alard, B Goncalves, H Amat, F Crochet, PA Dubey, S Perrin, N Fumagalli, L Vences, M Martinez-Solano, I AF Dufresnes, Christophe Pribille, Manon Alard, Berenice Goncalves, Helena Amat, Felix Crochet, Pierre-Andre Dubey, Sylvain Perrin, Nicolas Fumagalli, Luca Vences, Miguel Martinez-Solano, Inigo TI Integrating hybrid zone analyses in species delimitation: lessons from two anuran radiations of the Western Mediterranean SO HEREDITY LA English DT Article; Early Access ID MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; EVOLUTION; SPECIATION; TREE; PHYLOGEOGRAPHY; REINFORCEMENT; BIODIVERSITY; DISCOGLOSSUS; VERTEBRATE; HYBRIDIZATION AB Molecular ecologists often rely on phylogenetic evidence for assessing the species-level systematics of newly discovered lineages. Alternatively, the extent of introgression at phylogeographic transitions can provide a more direct test to assign candidate taxa into subspecies or species categories. Here, we compared phylogenetic versus hybrid zone approaches of species delimitation in two groups of frogs from the Western Mediterranean region (Discoglossus and Pelodytes), by using genomic data (ddRAD). In both genera, coalescent analyses recovered almost all nominal taxa as "species". However, the least-diverged pairs D. g. galganoi/jeanneae and P. punctatus/hespericus admix over hundreds of kilometers, suggesting that they have not yet developed strong reproductive isolation and should be treated as conspecifics. In contrast, the comparatively older D. scovazzi/pictus and P. atlanticus/ibericus form narrow contact zones, consistent with species distinctiveness. Due to their complementarity, we recommend taxonomists to combine phylogenomics with hybrid zone analyses to scale the gray zone of speciation, i.e., the evolutionary window separating widely admixing lineages versus nascent reproductively isolated species. The radically different transitions documented here conform to the view that genetic incompatibilities accumulating with divergence generate a weak barrier to gene flow for long periods of time, until their effects multiply and the speciation process then advances rapidly. Given the variability of the gray zone among taxonomic groups, at least from our current abilities to measure it, we recommend to customize divergence thresholds within radiations to categorize lineages for which no direct test of speciation is possible. C1 [Dufresnes, Christophe] Univ Sheffield, Dept Anim & Plant Sci, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England. [Dufresnes, Christophe; Pribille, Manon; Fumagalli, Luca] Univ Lausanne, Dept Ecol & Evolut, Lab Conservat Biol, Lausanne, Switzerland. [Dufresnes, Christophe; Dubey, Sylvain] Hintermann & Weber, Montreux, Switzerland. [Alard, Berenice; Goncalves, Helena] Univ Porto, CIBIO InBIO, Campus Agr Vairao, Vairao, Portugal. [Goncalves, Helena] Univ Porto, Museu Hist Nat & Ciencia, Porto, Portugal. [Amat, Felix] Museu Granollers Ciencies Nat, Area Herpetol, Francesc Macia 51, Granollers 08400, Catalonia, Spain. [Crochet, Pierre-Andre] Univ Montpellier, Univ Paul Valery Montpellier 3, CNRS, CEFE,EPHE,IRD, Montpellier, France. [Dubey, Sylvain; Perrin, Nicolas] Univ Lausanne, Dept Ecol & Evolut, Lausanne, Switzerland. [Dubey, Sylvain] AgroSustain SA, Nyon, Switzerland. [Vences, Miguel] Tech Univ Carolo Wilhelmina Braunschweig, Zool Inst, Braunschweig, Germany. [Martinez-Solano, Inigo] CSIC, MNCN, Dept Biodiversidad & Biol Evolut, Madrid, Spain. RP Dufresnes, C (reprint author), Univ Sheffield, Dept Anim & Plant Sci, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England.; Dufresnes, C (reprint author), Univ Lausanne, Dept Ecol & Evolut, Lab Conservat Biol, Lausanne, Switzerland.; Dufresnes, C (reprint author), Hintermann & Weber, Montreux, Switzerland. EM Christophe.Dufresnes@hotmail.fr RI Goncalves, Helena/I-8120-2013 OI Goncalves, Helena/0000-0001-5550-1361 FU Swiss National Science FoundationSwiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) [31003A_166323, P2LAP3_171818]; Fyssen Foundation; Deutsche ForschungsgemeinschaftGerman Research Foundation (DFG) [VE247/16-1-HO 3492/6-1] FX We thank G. Lavanchy and G. Fabre for their help in the lab, as well as R. Butlin for his useful comments in the paper. J.W. Arntzen, M. Barbosa, D. Buckley, D. Donaire, H. El Mouden, D. Escoriza, M. Garcia-Paris, P. Galan, I. Garin, D. Gomez, A. Gosa, J. Gutierrez, P. Hernandez Sastre, H. Iglesias, U. Joger, D. Martinez, A. Montori, R. Pereira, E. Recuero, T. Slimani, A. Sanchez Vialas and G. Velo-Anton provided samples or assisted with field work. We appreciated the help of I. Rey and B. Alvarez (Tissue and DNA collection in MNCN) and P. Geniez (CNRS-EPHE BEV collection in CEFE) in facilitating access to samples under their care. The support and constructive remarks of three anonymous reviewers were also decisive to improve this paper. Our study was funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation, under grant 31003A_166323 to NP and fellowship P2LAP3_171818 to CD. BA was supported by a fellowship from the Fyssen Foundation, and MV by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (grant VE247/16-1-HO 3492/6-1) in the framework of the "TaxonOmics" priority program. NR 102 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0018-067X EI 1365-2540 J9 HEREDITY JI Heredity DI 10.1038/s41437-020-0294-z EA JAN 2020 PG 16 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA KE1LG UT WOS:000508320500001 PM 31959977 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Chiu, WTR Yasuhara, M Cronin, TM Hunt, G Gemery, L Wei, CL AF Chiu, Wing-Tung Ruby Yasuhara, Moriaki Cronin, Thomas M. Hunt, Gene Gemery, Laura Wei, Chih-Lin TI Marine latitudinal diversity gradients, niche conservatism and out of the tropics and Arctic: Climatic sensitivity of small organisms SO JOURNAL OF BIOGEOGRAPHY LA English DT Article; Early Access DE benthos; biodiversity; dispersal; macroecology; Ostracoda; temperature ID DEEP-SEA; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; SPECIES-DIVERSITY; BIODIVERSITY; PATTERNS; NESTEDNESS; QUATERNARY; OSTRACODE; DYNAMICS; OCEAN AB Aim The latitudinal diversity gradient (LDG) is a consequence of evolutionary and ecological mechanisms acting over long history, and thus is best investigated with organisms that have rich fossil records. However, combined neontological-palaeontological investigations are mostly limited to large, shelled invertebrates, which keeps our mechanistic understanding of LDGs in its infancy. This paper aims to describe the modern meiobenthic ostracod LDG and to explore the possible controlling factors and the evolutionary mechanisms of this large-scale biodiversity pattern. Location Present-day Western North Atlantic. Taxon Ostracoda. Methods We compiled ostracod census data from shallow-marine environments of the western North Atlantic Ocean. Using these data, we documented the marine LDG with multiple metrics of alpha, beta (nestedness and turnover) and gamma diversity, and we tested whether macroecological patterns could be governed by different environmental factors, including temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, pH and primary productivity. We also explored the geologic age distribution of ostracod genera to investigate the evolutionary mechanisms underpinning the LDG. Results Our results show that temperature and climatic niche conservatism are important in setting LDGs of these small, poorly dispersing organisms. We also found evidence for some dispersal-driven spatial dynamics in the ostracod LDG. Compared to patterns observed in marine bivalves, however, dispersal dynamics were weaker and they were bi-directional, rather than following the 'out-of-the-tropics' model. Main conclusions Our detailed analyses revealed that meiobenthic organisms, which comprise two-thirds of marine diversity, do not always follow the same rules as larger, better-studied organisms. Our findings suggest that the understudied majority of biodiversity may be more sensitive to climate than well-studied, large organisms. This implies that the impacts of ongoing Anthropocene climatic change on marine ecosystems may be much more serious than presently thought. C1 [Chiu, Wing-Tung Ruby; Yasuhara, Moriaki] Univ Hong Kong, Sch Biol Sci, Pok Fu Lam Rd, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Chiu, Wing-Tung Ruby; Yasuhara, Moriaki] Univ Hong Kong, Swire Inst Marine Sci, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Cronin, Thomas M.; Gemery, Laura] US Geol Survey, Florence Bascom Geosci Ctr, Natl Ctr, 959 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA. [Hunt, Gene] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Wei, Chih-Lin] Natl Taiwan Univ, Inst Oceanog, Taipei, Taiwan. RP Yasuhara, M (reprint author), Univ Hong Kong, Sch Biol Sci, Pok Fu Lam Rd, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. EM yasuhara@hku.hk RI Yasuhara, Moriaki/A-4986-2008 OI Yasuhara, Moriaki/0000-0003-0990-1764 FU Seed Funding Programme for Basic Research of the University of Hong KongUniversity of Hong Kong [201311159076, 201611159053]; Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, ChinaHong Kong Research Grants Council [HKU 17302518, HKU 17306014, HKU 17311316]; HKU Earth as a Habitable Planet Thesis Development Grant FX Seed Funding Programme for Basic Research of the University of Hong Kong, Grant/Award Number: 201311159076 and 201611159053; Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China, Grant/Award Number: HKU 17302518, HKU 17306014, and HKU 17311316; HKU Earth as a Habitable Planet Thesis Development Grant NR 83 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0305-0270 EI 1365-2699 J9 J BIOGEOGR JI J. Biogeogr. DI 10.1111/jbi.13793 EA JAN 2020 PG 12 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography GA KE5MU UT WOS:000508600600001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Kling, KJ Yaeger, K Wright, PC AF Kling, Katherine J. Yaeger, Kimberley Wright, Patricia C. TI Trends in forest fragment research in Madagascar: Documented responses by lemurs and other taxa SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PRIMATOLOGY LA English DT Article; Early Access DE forest fragments; fragmentation; lemurs; literature search; Madagascar ID INTRODUCED RATTUS-RATTUS; DRY DECIDUOUS FOREST; HABITAT FRAGMENTATION; LITTORAL FOREST; PROPITHECUS-DIADEMA; EULEMUR-COLLARIS; MOUSE LEMURS; POPULATION-GENETICS; SPECIES COMPOSITION; EASTERN MADAGASCAR AB The rise in research investigating fragmentation and its impact on primates and other taxa reflects the growing presence of fragmented landscapes themselves. Although numerous studies report the negative effects of fragmentation on biodiversity, it is difficult to generalize responses to fragmentation for specific taxonomic groups, such as non-human primates, when studies have not employed a definitive concept of fragmentation or fragments themselves. Madagascar's high degree of fragmentation, wealth of endemic taxa, and extensive history of ecological research provide the opportunity to compare fragmentation studies across similar contexts. We conducted a literature search of peer-reviewed articles on fragmentation in Madagascar to characterize its trends. A total of 70 articles, 46 of which concentrated on lemurs, tested the impacts of fragmentation on Malagasy taxa, while additional sources conducted research in one or more fragments without testing its effects (n = 112 total, 79 on lemurs). Studies on lemurs most frequently tested fragmentation's impacts on genetics and biodiversity metrics (n = 16 and 15 studies, respectively), although health, modeling, behavioral, and cross-disciplinary techniques were also reported. Responses to fragmentation were reported for 49 lemur species, with most studies concentrated in eastern Madagascar (87%). Although there was variation in the metrics reported in studies testing the effects of fragmentation on Malagasy species, the most common measures were fragment area, isolation, or comparison to a control site. Landscape-scale approaches and examination of fragmentation per se were rarely employed. Characterizing trends of fragmentation research in Madagascar emphasizes the challenges of documenting fragmentation's effects while highlighting the benefits of research within fragmented landscapes, particularly when combined with consideration for how the matrix within human-modified landscapes may impact primate populations. C1 [Kling, Katherine J.] SUNY Stony Brook, Interdept Doctoral Program Anthropol Sci, Circle Rd,S-501 Social & Behav Sci Bldg, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Yaeger, Kimberley; Wright, Patricia C.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Anthropol, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Wright, Patricia C.] SUNY Stony Brook, Inst Conservat Trop Environm, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. RP Kling, KJ (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Interdept Doctoral Program Anthropol Sci, Circle Rd,S-501 Social & Behav Sci Bldg, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. EM katherine.kling@stonybrook.edu FU Stony Brook University; Division of Graduate EducationNational Science Foundation (NSF)NSF- Directorate for Education & Human Resources (EHR) [2016203971] FX Stony Brook University; Division of Graduate Education, Grant/Award Number: 2016203971 NR 131 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0275-2565 EI 1098-2345 J9 AM J PRIMATOL JI Am. J. Primatol. AR e23092 DI 10.1002/ajp.23092 EA JAN 2020 PG 14 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA KD8QT UT WOS:000508128400001 PM 31960516 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Park, SH Moon, TY AF Park, Sang-Hyun Moon, Tae-Young TI Structure of ant assemblages on street trees in urban Busan, Korea SO ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Early Access DE ants; diameter at breast height; species composition; street tree; urban habitat ID HABITAT FRAGMENTATION; HYMENOPTERA; URBANIZATION; FORMICIDAE; BIODIVERSITY; COMMUNITIES; INDICATOR; INSECTS; PATCHES; PARKS AB Street trees planted in urban areas are one of the smallest urban green habitats; however, their role as a valuable refuge for local biota is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate urban street trees as habitat for ants. We found ants on 195 (92%) of 211 street trees studied. Seventeen ant species were collected from five tree species. The two most common ant species were Tetramorium tsushimae (on 112 trees) and Lasius japonicus (on 93 trees). The number of ant species found per tree ranged from 0 to 5, with a mean of 1.55 +/- 0.92. The species composition differed significantly among tree species. Nine ant species (Camponotus vitiosus, Lasius alienus, L. japonicus, Nylanderia flavipes, Crematogaster matsumurai, Crematogaster vagula, Monomorium intrudens, T. tsushimae, and Brachyponera chinensis) nested on the trees, mostly in the root zone. Nests were found on 150 trees but were relatively rare on trees with diameter at breast height of less than 40 cm. C1 [Park, Sang-Hyun; Moon, Tae-Young] Kosin Univ, Dept Biomed Sci, Busan 49104, South Korea. RP Park, SH (reprint author), Kosin Univ, Dept Biomed Sci, Busan 49104, South Korea. EM pantz@kosin.ac.kr NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1738-2297 EI 1748-5967 J9 ENTOMOL RES JI Entomol. Res. DI 10.1111/1748-5967.12415 EA JAN 2020 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA KD6NM UT WOS:000507981400001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Fauvelot, C Zuccon, D Borsa, P Grulois, D Magalon, H Riquet, F Andrefouet, S Berumen, ML Sinclair-Taylor, TH Gelin, P Behivoke, F ter Poorten, JJ Strong, EE Bouchet, P AF Fauvelot, Cecile Zuccon, Dario Borsa, Philippe Grulois, Daphne Magalon, Helene Riquet, Florentine Andrefouet, Serge Berumen, Michael L. Sinclair-Taylor, Tane H. Gelin, Pauline Behivoke, Faustinato ter Poorten, Jan Johan Strong, Ellen E. Bouchet, Philippe TI Phylogeographical patterns and a cryptic species provide new insights into Western Indian Ocean giant clams phylogenetic relationships and colonization history SO JOURNAL OF BIOGEOGRAPHY LA English DT Article; Early Access DE biodiversity; biogeographical barriers; cardiidae; population genetics; Red Sea; species distribution; systematics ID SEA-LEVEL FLUCTUATIONS; EARLY-LIFE-HISTORY; TRIDACNA-SQUAMOSA; POPULATION-GROWTH; HIPPOPUS-HIPPOPUS; GENETIC-STRUCTURE; REEF FISHES; RED-SEA; CONNECTIVITY; BIVALVIA AB Aim The unique biodiversity in the Red Sea is the result of complex ecological and evolutionary processes driven by Pleistocene climatic change. Here we investigate the species diversity, phylogenetic relationships and phylogeographical patterns of giant clams in the Western Indian Ocean (WIO) and the Red Sea to explore scenarios of marine speciation in this under-studied region. Location Mozambique Channel, Madagascar, and the Mascarene Islands (WIO); the Farasan Islands (Red Sea). Taxon Giant clams of the genus Tridacna (Cardiidae: Tridacninae). Methods Giant clams were sampled as complete organisms or through underwater biopsies. Nuclear (28S) and mitochondrial (16S and COI) DNA sequences were subjected to Bayesian and maximum likelihood analyses to generate a phylogenetic hypothesis for all known species within the genus Tridacna. Bayesian inference with molecular and fossil calibration was used to infer their colonization history. Results From the 10 genetically distinct clades recovered from the analyses of 253 sequenced specimens, five distinct Tridacna lineages were sampled, three of which were endemics of the WIO and the Red Sea. Each lineage corresponded to a distinct species, except one grouping the two formerly known WIO endemics, T. lorenzi and T. rosewateri. This lineage clustered with two other well-supported lineages: the Red Sea endemic T. squamosina, and a previously unrecognized lineage, restricted to the WIO, for which we resurrect the long-forgotten name T. elongatissima Bianconi, 1856. For the two other species sampled (T. maxima and T. squamosa), contrasting phylogeographical patterns were observed. Main conclusions Our data confirm the validity of the species T. rosewateri, a WIO endemic genetically indistinguishable from T. lorenzi, which should be considered a junior synonym. The phylogenetic placement of the newly resurrected T. elongatissima provides insights into the probable origin of T. squamosina, which split from its sister species no later than 2 Ma, likely during Middle Pleistocene glacial periods. Two scenarios are discussed. Our results also suggest that T. maxima invaded the Red Sea more recently and that contemporary gene flow between Red Sea and WIO T. maxima is highly restricted. The deep Red Sea partition observed in T. squamosa suggests a much older divergence and raises the question of a possible cryptic lineage. C1 [Fauvelot, Cecile; Borsa, Philippe; Grulois, Daphne; Andrefouet, Serge] Univ La Reunion, IRD, UMR ENTROPIE, Ctr IRD Noumea, Noumea, New Caledonia. [Fauvelot, Cecile; Borsa, Philippe; Magalon, Helene] Lab Excellence CORAIL, Perpignan, France. [Fauvelot, Cecile; Riquet, Florentine] Sorbonne Univ, Univ La Reunion, UMR ENTROPIE IRD, CNRS,LOV, Villefranche Sur Mer, France. [Zuccon, Dario; Bouchet, Philippe] Sorbonne Univ, Museum Natl Hist Nat, Inst Systernat Evolut Biodiversite ISYEB, UMR 7205,CNRS,UPMC,EPHE, Paris, France. [Magalon, Helene; Gelin, Pauline] Univ La Reunion, UMR ENTROPIE IRD, Fac Sci & Technol, St Denis, Reunion, France. [Berumen, Michael L.; Sinclair-Taylor, Tane H.] King Abdullah Univ Sci & Technol, Red Sea Res Ctr, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia. [Behivoke, Faustinato] Univ Tulear, IH SM, Toliara, Madagascar. [ter Poorten, Jan Johan] Field Museum Nat Hist, Chicago, IL 60605 USA. [Strong, Ellen E.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Fauvelot, C (reprint author), Univ La Reunion, IRD, UMR ENTROPIE, Ctr IRD Noumea, Noumea, New Caledonia. EM cecile.fauvelot@ird.fr RI Borsa, Philippe/D-4967-2015; Berumen, Michael/F-7745-2011 OI Borsa, Philippe/0000-0001-9469-8304; Berumen, Michael/0000-0003-2463-2742 FU LabEx CORAIL fund; University of Toliara; INEE; INSUCentre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); IRD; AAMP; FRB; TAAF; Veolia Environnement; Total Foundation; Prince Albert II of Monaco Foundation; Stavros Niarchos Foundation; Richard Lounsbery Foundation; Triballat FX LabEx CORAIL fund; University of Toliara; INEE, INSU, IRD, AAMP, FRB, TAAF; Veolia Environnement; Total Foundation; Prince Albert II of Monaco Foundation; Stavros Niarchos Foundation; Richard Lounsbery Foundation; Triballat NR 104 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0305-0270 EI 1365-2699 J9 J BIOGEOGR JI J. Biogeogr. DI 10.1111/jbi.13797 EA JAN 2020 PG 20 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography GA KD9JX UT WOS:000508178700001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Platania, L Voda, R Dinca, V Talavera, G Vila, R Dapporto, L AF Platania, Leonardo Voda, Raluca Dinca, Vlad Talavera, Gerard Vila, Roger Dapporto, Leonardo TI Integrative analyses on Western Palearctic Lasiommata reveal a mosaic of nascent butterfly species SO JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGICAL SYSTEMATICS AND EVOLUTIONARY RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Early Access DE COI; ITS2; Lasiommata; morphometrics; speciation ID MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; NYMPHALIDAE BUTTERFLIES; GENETIC DIFFERENTIATION; GEOMETRIC MORPHOMETRICS; SATYRINAE BUTTERFLIES; SYMPATRIC SPECIATION; MALE GENITALIA; LEPIDOPTERA; PATTERNS; BIOGEOGRAPHY AB Satyrinae butterflies occurring in the Mediterranean apparently have reduced gene flow over sea straits, and for several species, recent wide-scale biodiversity surveys indicate the existence of divergent mitochondrial lineages. Here, we apply an integrative approach and examine the phylogeography of the genus Lasiommata in the Western Palearctic. Our research comprised molecular analyses (mitochondrial and nuclear DNA) and geometric morphometrics (wings and genitalia) for two main species groups, and a comparative GMYC analysis, based on COI, of all the tribes within Satyrinae from this region. The GMYC approach revealed a particularly fast coalescence rate in the Parargina subtribe. The Lasiommata group was divided into 12 evolutionary significant units: six clades for the L. maera species group, five for the L. megera species group, and one for L. petropolitana, with divergences of about 1%. The patterns of COI were mirrored by ITS2 in L. maera, but the two markers were generally inconsistent in L. megera. On the contrary, morphological differences were coherent with the results of COI for L. megera, but less clearly so for L. maera. L. paramegaera and L. meadewaldoi were considerably differentiated for all the analyzed markers and likely proceeded faster in the process of speciation because of geographic isolation and reduced effective population size, rendering the rest paraphyletic. Our study illustrates the continuous nature of speciation and the difficulties of delimiting species. In Lasiommata, the recognition of taxa as diverging lineages or distinct, possibly paraphyletic species, mostly depends on the criteria adopted by different species concepts. C1 [Platania, Leonardo; Talavera, Gerard; Vila, Roger] Univ Pompeu Fabra, CSIC, Inst Biol Evolut, Barcelona, Spain. [Voda, Raluca] Univ Turin, Dept Life Sci & Syst Biol, Turin, Italy. [Dinca, Vlad] Univ Oulu, Ecol & Genet Res Unit, Oulu, Finland. [Dapporto, Leonardo] Univ Firenze, Dipartimento Biol, Florence, Italy. RP Platania, L (reprint author), Univ Pompeu Fabra, CSIC, Inst Biol Evolut, Barcelona, Spain. EM leonardo.platania@gmail.com; raluvoda@gmail.com; vlad.e.dinca@gmail.com; gerard.talavera@csic.es; roger.vila@csic.es; leondap@gmail.com OI Dapporto, Leonardo/0000-0001-7129-4526 FU Ministerio de Economia y CompetitividadSpanish Government [CGL2013-48277-P, CGL2016-76322-]; Universita degli Studi di Firenze; H2020 Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions [609402-2020, 625997] FX Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad, Grant/Award Number: CGL2013-48277-P and CGL2016-76322-; Universita degli Studi di Firenze; H2020 Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions, Grant/Award Number: 609402-2020 and 625997 NR 98 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0947-5745 EI 1439-0469 J9 J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES JI J. Zool. Syst. Evol. Res. DI 10.1111/jzs.12356 EA JAN 2020 PG 14 WC Evolutionary Biology; Zoology SC Evolutionary Biology; Zoology GA KD7IR UT WOS:000508038000001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Bond, A Pope, J Fundingsland, M Morrison-Saunders, A Retief, F Hauptfleisch, M AF Bond, Alan Pope, Jenny Fundingsland, Monica Morrison-Saunders, Angus Retief, Francois Hauptfleisch, Morgan TI Explaining the political nature of environmental impact assessment (EIA): A neo-Gramscian perspective SO JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION LA English DT Article DE Hegemony; Legitimacy; Sustainability; Environmental impact assessment (EIA); Politics; Neoliberalism ID ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT; BIODIVERSITY; OFFSETS; PARTICIPATION; ACCOMMODATION; INNOVATION; LICENSE; SYSTEMS AB Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a mandatory decision-support tool in every country of the world, developed 50 years ago to ensure the consideration of the environmental consequences of development decisions prior to approval decisions being made. Specifically, the aim of developing an EIA system was to make decision-making affecting the environment more accountable, through the use of objective scientific evidence. It remains the project decision-support tool of choice despite considerable research efforts failing to provide convincing evidence that it achieves this aim. Here we explain this apparent paradox by arguing that EIA supports neoliberal agendas by facilitating economic development. We present arguments based on a neo-Gramscian perspective that explains how apparent advances in the practice of EIA are sanctioned because they actually maintain the political nature of the EIA system, which continues to undermine attempts to use evidence objectively. We use a narratives of change approach to support this perspective. We conclude that EIA can only make decision-making more accountable if strategies to depoliticise it are employed, including emphasising substantive outcomes. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Bond, Alan] Univ East Anglia, Sch Environm Sci, Norwich, Norfolk, England. [Bond, Alan; Pope, Jenny; Morrison-Saunders, Angus; Retief, Francois] North West Univ, Res Unit Environm Sci & Management, Potchefstroom, South Africa. [Pope, Jenny] Integral Sustainabil, South Fremantle, Australia. [Fundingsland, Monica] Equinor ASA, Sustainabil Dept, Stavanger, Norway. [Morrison-Saunders, Angus] Edith Cowan Univ, Sch Sci, Churchlands, WA, Australia. [Hauptfleisch, Morgan] Namibia Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Agr & Nat Resources Sci, Windhoek, Namibia. RP Bond, A (reprint author), Univ East Anglia, Sch Environm Sci, Norwich, Norfolk, England. EM alan.bond@uea.ac.uk NR 109 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0959-6526 EI 1879-1786 J9 J CLEAN PROD JI J. Clean Prod. PD JAN 20 PY 2020 VL 244 AR 118694 DI 10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.118694 PG 10 WC Green & Sustainable Science & Technology; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA JW6PX UT WOS:000503172600107 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Li, R Cui, LL Fu, HB Li, JL Zhao, YL Chen, JM AF Li, Rui Cui, Lulu Fu Hongbo Li, Junlin Zhao, Yilong Chen, Jianmin TI Satellite-based estimation of full-coverage ozone (O-3) concentration and health effect assessment across Hainan Island SO JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION LA English DT Article DE O-3 level; Satellite retrieval; Extreme gradient boosting; Health risk; Hainan island ID AEROSOL OPTICAL DEPTH; PM2.5 CONCENTRATIONS; SPATIOTEMPORAL PREDICTION; PARTICULATE MATTER; PM1 CONCENTRATIONS; SELECTION METHOD; RANDOM FOREST; CHINA; POLLUTANTS; IMPACTS AB Ambient ozone (O-3) poses great damage to human health, biodiversity, and climate change. Although the health risk due to O-3 pollution has been widely evaluated, the spatiotemporal variation of O-3 level and its potential health impact in a remote tropical island was less concerned. In the present study, we firstly employed an efficient machine learning model named random forest (RF) to fill the missing O-3 column amount over Hainan Island of China based on the meteorological factors and other geographical covariates. The result suggested that the RF model achieved the best performance (R-2 = 0.87, RMSE = 6.36 DU) among all of the filling methods. We further used an extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) algorithm to estimate the surface O-3 level around Hainan Island on the basis of the full-coverage O-3 column amount and other predictors. The XGBoost method showed the better predictive performance (R-2 = 0.59, RMSE = 24.14 mu g/m(3)) compared with other estimation models. The predicted 0 3 concentration exhibited remarkably spatial difference with the highest value observed in Dongfang (77.61 +/- 5.25 mu g/m(3)), followed by that in Changjiang (72.51 +/- 5.22 ttg/m 3 ), and the lowest one in Lingshui (64.16 2.71 mu g/m(3)). Based on the estimated O-3 level, we found that the annually mean nonattainment days in Dongfang reached 29.26 +/- 35.20 days and about one third of days in the winter fell into the severe O-3 pollution over Hainan Island. Besides, the mean all-cause mortalities owing to severe O-3 pollution over Hainan Island were calculated to be 391 (95%CI: (212-570)) cases each year, accounting for 0.004% of all the population in Hainan Island. The statistical simulation of O-3 level at a remote island updated the traditional knowledge and aroused the public concern on island air pollution. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Li, Rui; Cui, Lulu; Fu Hongbo; Li, Junlin; Zhao, Yilong; Chen, Jianmin] Fudan Univ, Shanghai Key Lab Atmospher Particle Pollut & Prev, Inst Atmospher Sci, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China. [Fu Hongbo] Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, CICAEET, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. RP Fu, HB; Chen, JM (reprint author), Fudan Univ, Shanghai Key Lab Atmospher Particle Pollut & Prev, Inst Atmospher Sci, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China. EM fuhb@fudan.edu.cn; jmchen@fudan.edu.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [91744205, 21777025, 21577022, 21177026]; National Key R&D Program of China [2016YFC0202700]; Shanghai Tongji Gao Tingyao Environmental Science & Technology Development Foundation (STGEF) FX This work was supported National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 91744205, 21777025, 21577022, 21177026), National Key R&D Program of China (2016YFC0202700), and Shanghai Tongji Gao Tingyao Environmental Science & Technology Development Foundation (STGEF). The land use types and population data are provided by Data Center for Resources and Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (RESDC) (http://www.resdc.cn). NR 53 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0959-6526 EI 1879-1786 J9 J CLEAN PROD JI J. Clean Prod. PD JAN 20 PY 2020 VL 244 AR 118773 DI 10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.118773 PG 11 WC Green & Sustainable Science & Technology; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA JW6PX UT WOS:000503172600152 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Luo, B Du, YY Han, WJ Geng, Y Wang, Q Duan, YY Ren, Y Liu, D Chang, J Ge, Y AF Luo, Bin Du, Yuanyuan Han, Wenjuan Geng, Yan Wang, Qian Duan, Yingyao Ren, Yuan Liu, Dong Chang, Jie Ge, Ying TI Reduce health damage cost of greenhouse gas and ammonia emissions by assembling plant diversity in floating constructed wetlands treating wastewater SO JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION LA English DT Article DE Nitrogen removal; Species identity; Species richness; Wastewater treatment; Structural equation model ID NITROUS-OXIDE EMISSIONS; N2O EMISSIONS; MICROCOSMS; REMOVAL; MANAGEMENT; METHANE; CARBON; BIODIVERSITY; COMMUNITIES; DECREASES AB In wastewater treatment, to find a clean approach with low damage cost to human and ecosystem health has received increasing concerns. Constructed wetlands are regarded as a green treatment technology, but they are also important sources of greenhouse gas and ammonia emissions. However, the effects of optimizing plant community on the human and ecosystem health damage costs of multiple gas emissions are poorly understood. In this study, an experiment with 90 hydroponic microcosms that simulated floating constructed wetlands treating wastewater with a high concentration of ammonium was set to manipulate plant diversity to reduce health damage costs, which integrated the emissions of nitrous oxide, methane, and ammonia. Results showed that: (1) increasing plant species richness reduced the human and ecosystem health damage costs of the three gases; (2) the systems with Arundo donax had lower greenhouse gas emissions and ecosystem health damage costs, while the systems with Lythrum salicaria had lower ammonia emissions and human health damage costs than systems without the species; (3) the structural equation model indicated that the plant combinations with high biomass or high nitrate removal ability contributed to reducing health damage costs. This study suggests that manipulating high plant species richness and proper species is a clean approach in floating constructed wetlands for high ammonium wastewater treatment with low environmental costs. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Luo, Bin; Du, Yuanyuan; Han, Wenjuan; Wang, Qian; Duan, Yingyao; Ren, Yuan; Chang, Jie; Ge, Ying] Zhejiang Univ, Coll Life Sci, 866 Yuhangtang Rd, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Han, Wenjuan] Wenzhou Univ, Coll Life & Environm Sci, Wenzhou 325035, Peoples R China. [Geng, Yan] Beijing Forestry Univ, Coll Forestry, 35 Qinghua East Rd, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. [Liu, Dong] Minist Environm Protect, Nanjing Inst Environm Sci, Res Ctr Ecol Protect & Climate Change Response, 8 Jiangwangmiao St, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. RP Ge, Y (reprint author), Zhejiang Univ, Coll Life Sci, 866 Yuhangtang Rd, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. EM geying@zju.edu.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [31770434, 31670329, 31470463, 41901242]; Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang ProvinceNatural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province [LY17D010001]; China Postdoctoral Science FoundationChina Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2018M640549] FX This work was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 31770434, 31670329, 31470463, and 41901242), the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province (Grant No. LY17D010001), and the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No. 2018M640549). NR 55 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 11 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0959-6526 EI 1879-1786 J9 J CLEAN PROD JI J. Clean Prod. PD JAN 20 PY 2020 VL 244 AR 118927 DI 10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.118927 PG 11 WC Green & Sustainable Science & Technology; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA JW6PX UT WOS:000503172600144 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Palacios-Arguello, L Gondran, N Nouira, I Girard, MA Gonzalez-Feliu, J AF Palacios-Arguello, Laura Gondran, Natacha Nouira, Imen Girard, Marie-Agnes Gonzalez-Feliu, Jesus TI Which is the relationship between the product's environmental criteria and the product demand? Evidence from the French food sector SO JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION LA English DT Article DE Environmental attributes; Product's environmental quality; Greenness' product; Product environmental criteria; Green practices; Green supplier selection; Supply chain management; Green demand driving ID SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT; SUPPLIER SELECTION; GREEN TECHNOLOGY; QUALITY; MODEL; EMISSIONS; OPTIMIZATION; BIODIVERSITY; CONSUMPTION; FRAMEWORK AB The purpose of this paper is to identify which environmental criteria can influence the product demand in a context of business-to-business. These criteria can be related to the product's environmental characteristics, to the organization strategies or green practices developed by the firms and to the supplier selection process. Building the conceptual framework from the literature review, a set of environmental criteria were extracted, selected and validated. These criteria were used as a basis for the definition of a questionnaire survey that was sent to 5820 professionals from the food industry in France. The analysis of the 248 complete answers shows that the environmental characteristics of the product can influence product's demand. The most influential attribute to improve the product's environmental quality that increases the product's demand is the introduction of organic labelled raw materials. Besides, the practices that influence mostly the product demand are related to the geographical proximity with the stakeholders. Moreover, the results show that the most important selection criterion when choosing a supplier is the importance given to the quality and environmental performance of components offered. Hence, we show that in the French food market, as opposite to what is usually assumed in many research works, the carbon emissions yield during the production process and transportation process have still no significant impact on products' demand. Lastly, in this work, we quantify the demand increase that company can achieve when enhancing the environmental quality of its products. We show that the impact of the enhancement of those criteria on the demand can have different aspects. 55.6% of respondents advocate for a demand increase and most of them (33.6%) estimate this increase between 5 and 10% of the initial demand. Finally, some respondents (4.8%) indicate that the enhancement of environmental quality does not necessarily increase the demand. However, without efforts to enhance the environmental quality of their products, the demand can decrease. These findings allowed concluding that the business-customers are becoming more and more exigent by privileging organic labelled and local products and making that the companies analyse the geographical proximity with the stakeholders as a key factor during the selection process. We provide companies managers in food industry with better understanding about the environmental criteria that increase the products demand helping them to target the right decisions and to be efficient in their process of environmental quality enhancement. We also assess and try to quantify and give an estimation about the demand evolution regarding the enhancement of product's environmental quality. Our findings are also helpful for Operational Research community. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Palacios-Arguello, Laura; Gondran, Natacha; Girard, Marie-Agnes; Gonzalez-Feliu, Jesus] Univ Jean Monnet, Univ Lumiere,CNRS, Univ Jean Moulin,Inst Henri Fayol,ENTPE,UMR 5600, Univ Lyon,Mines St Etienne,INSA Lyon,ENS Lyon,EVS, F-42023 St Etienne, France. [Nouira, Imen] Rennes Sch Business, Supply Chain Management & Informat Syst, 2 Rue Robert dArbrissel,CS 76522, F-35065 Rennes, France. RP Palacios-Arguello, L (reprint author), 158 Cours Fauriel, F-42023 St Etienne, France. EM laura.palacios@emse.fr FU French National Agency project CONCLUDE FX This work was supported by the French National Agency project CONCLUDE in the context of the AAPG 2015 of the ANR, France (L'Agence Nationale de la Recherche). NR 75 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0959-6526 EI 1879-1786 J9 J CLEAN PROD JI J. Clean Prod. PD JAN 20 PY 2020 VL 244 AR 118588 DI 10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.118588 PG 16 WC Green & Sustainable Science & Technology; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA JW6PX UT WOS:000503172600146 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Chen, WX Zhao, HB Li, JF Zhu, LJ Wang, ZY Zeng, J AF Chen, Wanxu Zhao, Hongbo Li, Jiangfeng Zhu, Lijun Wang, Zheye Zeng, Jie TI Land use transitions and the associated impacts on ecosystem services in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River Economic Belt in China based on the geo-informatic Tupu method SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Land use transition; Ecosystem services value; Geo-informatic Tupu; Benefit transfer method; Hotspot analysis; Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River; Economic Belt; China ID COVER CHANGE; RAPID URBANIZATION; FOREST TRANSITION; FARMLAND POLICY; PATTERNS; BIODIVERSITY; DYNAMICS; HOTSPOTS; VALUES; COUNTY AB Rapid urbanization in China has greatly exacerbated land use transitions (LUTs), which seriously threaten the ecosystem. The existing literature lacks information on the spatio-temporal analysis of LUTs, and assessments of ecosystem services remain incomplete. This lack of information may limit the formation and implementation of landscape plans and ecologically oriented policies. This study attempts to fill this gap by analysing the geographic features of LUTs with the geo-informatic Tupu method and exploring the responses of ecosystem services to LUTs. A newly revised benefit transfer method that utilizes the land use/land cover change data derived from the Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper (ETM) in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River Economic Belt (MRYREB) is implemented. The results indicate that the area of construction land continued to increase markedly, while the area of cultivated land declined continuously from 1995 to 2015. This increase in construction land was mainly derived from the occupation of cultivated land. The Tupu units of "forestland > cultivated land," "cultivated land > forestland," "cultivated land -> water area," and "water area -> cultivated land" were the dominant driving forces of the changes in ecosystem services value (ESV) in the MRYREB. Hotspots of ESV changes were mainly located in the surrounding mountainous areas during 1995-2005 and 2005-2010, while the coldspots during 2010-2015 were mainly located in the plains. The findings in this study have important implications for ecosystem conservation, ecological function zoning, ecological compensation decision-making, and related land development in the MRYREB. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Chen, Wanxu; Li, Jiangfeng] China Univ Geosci, Sch Publ Adm, Dept Land Resource Management, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, Peoples R China. [Zhao, Hongbo] Henan Univ, Key Res Inst Yellow River Civilizat & Sustainable, Kaifeng 475001, Peoples R China. [Zhao, Hongbo] Henan Univ, Collaborat Innovat Ctr Yellow River Civilizat Hen, Kaifeng 475001, Peoples R China. [Zhao, Hongbo] Henan Univ, Coll Environm & Planning, Kaifeng 475004, Peoples R China. [Zhu, Lijun] Peking Univ, Coll Urban & Environm Sci, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Wang, Zheye] Louisiana State Univ, Coll Coast & Environm, Dept Environm Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Zeng, Jie] China Univ Geosci, Sch Geog & Informat Engn, Dept Geog, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, Peoples R China. RP Zhao, HB (reprint author), Henan Univ, Key Res Inst Yellow River Civilizat & Sustainable, Kaifeng 475001, Peoples R China.; Zhao, HB (reprint author), Henan Univ, Collaborat Innovat Ctr Yellow River Civilizat Hen, Kaifeng 475001, Peoples R China.; Zhao, HB (reprint author), Henan Univ, Coll Environm & Planning, Kaifeng 475004, Peoples R China. EM 10340024@vip.henu.edu.cn FU Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [41701629, 41501128, 41430637, 71804168]; China Postdoctoral Science FoundationChina Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2015M582181]; Open Topic of Hunan Key Laboratory of Land Resources Evaluation and Utilization [SYS-MT-201903]; China Scholarship Council (CSC)China Scholarship Council [201706410003] FX The research is sponsored by grants from the Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41701629, 41501128, 41430637, and 71804168) and support from the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2015M582181) and the Open Topic of Hunan Key Laboratory of Land Resources Evaluation and Utilization (Grant No. SYS-MT-201903). The authors would also like to thank the anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments on improving this paper. This research was conducted while Mr. Chen was a visiting student at The Pennsylvania State University, with generous support from the China Scholarship Council (CSC No. 201706410003). NR 67 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 106 U2 106 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD JAN 20 PY 2020 VL 701 AR 134690 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134690 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA JQ2ST UT WOS:000498801400037 PM 31704410 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Khan, MS Koizumi, N Olds, JL AF Khan, Muhammad Salar Koizumi, Naoru Olds, James L. TI Biofixation of atmospheric nitrogen in the context of world staple crop production: Policy perspectives SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Biological fixation; Environmental externalities; Biofertilizers; Nitrogen; Microbiome engineering; Metagenomics ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; PLANT; WIND; AGRICULTURE; PHOSPHORUS; DEPOSITION; FIXATION AB The extensive use of nitrogen (N) fertilizers implicates a paradox: while fertilizers ensure the supply of a large amount of food, they cause negative environmental externalities, including reduced biodiversity, and eutrophic streams and lakes. Moreover, such fertilizers may also result in a major public health hazard: increased antibiotic resistance. This article discusses the critical implications of perturbations in N cycle caused by excessive use of fertilizers and resulting policy implications as they relate to ecosystem services. While there are solutions such as cover crops, these solutions are expensive and inconvenient for farmers. We advocate the use of biological fixation (BF) for staple crops-microbiome mediated natural supply of fixed N. This would involve engineering a microbiome that can be grown cheaply and at industrial scale. Fertilizers resulting from such innovation are termed as "biofertilizers" in this article. Following a qualitative cost-benefit analysis broken down by key stakeholders and a quick exploration of policy frameworks as they relate to the advancement of biofertilizers, we propose a practical pathway of where and how research investments should be directed to make such a solution feasible. We make five policy recommendations for decision-makers to facilitate a successful trajectory for this solution: (1) Future agricultural science should seek to understand how BF might be employed as a practical and efficient strategy. This effort would require that industry and the government partner to establish a pre-competitive research laboratory equipped with the latest state-of-the-art technologies that conduct metagenomic experiments to reveal signature microbiomes and form novel symbiotic connections. (2) To have a smooth ride in the market, ag-bio companies should: (i) create awareness among farmers; (ii) impart skills to farmers in testing and using biofertilizers, and (iii) conduct extensive field tests and more research in studying the scalability potential of such fertilizers. (3)The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) and state governments should provide research and development (R&D) tax credits to biotech companies specifically geared towards R&D investments aimed at increasing the viability of BF and microbiome engineering. (4) To control agricultural pollution in the biosphere, federal governments should consider passing a Clean Agriculture Act (CAA), including a specific clause that regulate the use of chemical fertilizers. (5) Governments and the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) should coordinate Biological Advanced Research in Agriculture (BARA)-a global agricultural innovation initiative for investments and research in biological fixation and ethical, legal, and social implications of such innovation. While biological fixation will be central in BARA, we envision it to conduct research around other agricultural innovations as well, such as increasing photosynthetic efficiency. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Khan, Muhammad Salar; Koizumi, Naoru; Olds, James L.] George Mason Univ, Schar Sch Policy & Govt, Arlington, VA 22201 USA. RP Khan, MS (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Schar Sch Policy & Govt, Arlington, VA 22201 USA. EM mkhan63@gmu.edu OI Khan, Muhammad Salar/0000-0001-9280-5014; Olds, James/0000-0003-3214-946X NR 55 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 49 U2 49 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD JAN 20 PY 2020 VL 701 AR 134945 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134945 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA JQ2ST UT WOS:000498801400011 PM 31734483 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Liddicoat, C Sydnor, H Cando-Dumancela, C Dresken, R Liu, JJ Gellie, NJC Mills, JG Young, JM Weyrich, LS Hutchinson, MR Weinstein, P Breed, MF AF Liddicoat, Craig Sydnor, Harrison Cando-Dumancela, Christian Dresken, Romy Liu, Jiajun Gellie, Nicholas J. C. Mills, Jacob G. Young, Jennifer M. Weyrich, Laura S. Hutchinson, Mark R. Weinstein, Philip Breed, Martin F. TI Naturally-diverse airborne environmental microbial exposures modulate the gut microbiome and may provide anxiolytic benefits in mice SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Microbiome; Environmental health; Biodiversity hypothesis; Microbial old friends; Mental health; Butyrate ID ANXIETY-RELATED BEHAVIOR; IMMUNE-SYSTEM; HEALTH; BRAIN; SOIL; GREEN; BIODIVERSITY; INGESTION; SYMPTOMS; DRIVERS AB Growing epidemiological evidence links natural green space exposure with a range of health benefits, including for mental health. Conversely, greater urbanisation associates with increased risk of mental health disorders. Microbiomes are proposed as an important but understudied link that may help explain many green space-human health associations. However, there remains a lack of controlled experimental evidence testing possible beneficial effects from passive exposure to natural biodiversity via airborne microbiota. Previous mouse model studies have used unrealistic environmental microbial exposures-including excessive soil and organic matter contact, feed supplements and injections-to demonstrate host microbiota, immune biomarker, and behavioural changes. Here, in a randomised controlled experiment, we demonstrate that realistic exposures to trace-level dust from a high biodiversity soil can change mouse gut microbiota, in comparison to dust from low biodiversity soil or no soil (control) (n = 54 total mice, comprising 3 treatments x 18 mice, with 9 females + 9 males per group). Furthermore, we found a nominal soil-derived anaerobic spore-forming butyrate-producer, Kineothrix alysoides, was supplemented to a greater extent in the gut microbiomes of high biodiversity treatment mice. Also, increasing relative abundance of this rare organism correlated with reduced anxiety-like behaviour in the most anxious mice. Our results point to an intriguing new hypothesis: that biodiverse soils may represent an important supplementary source of butyrate-producing bacteria capable of resupplying the mammalian gut microbiome, with potential for gut health and mental health benefits. Our findings have potential to inform cost-effective population health interventions through microbiome-conscious green space design and, ultimately, the mainstreaming of biodiversity into health care. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Liddicoat, Craig; Sydnor, Harrison; Cando-Dumancela, Christian; Dresken, Romy; Gellie, Nicholas J. C.; Mills, Jacob G.; Young, Jennifer M.; Weinstein, Philip; Breed, Martin F.] Univ Adelaide, Sch Biol Sci, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. [Liddicoat, Craig; Sydnor, Harrison; Cando-Dumancela, Christian; Dresken, Romy; Gellie, Nicholas J. C.; Mills, Jacob G.; Young, Jennifer M.; Weinstein, Philip; Breed, Martin F.] Univ Adelaide, Inst Environm, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. [Liu, Jiajun; Hutchinson, Mark R.] Univ Adelaide, Adelaide Med Sch, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. [Liu, Jiajun; Hutchinson, Mark R.] Univ Adelaide, Australian Res Council, Ctr Excellence Nanoscale BioPhoton, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. [Young, Jennifer M.; Breed, Martin F.] Flinders Univ S Australia, Coll Sci & Engn, Bedford Pk, SA 5042, Australia. [Weyrich, Laura S.] Univ Adelaide, Australian Ctr Ancient DNA, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. [Weyrich, Laura S.] Univ Adelaide, Australian Res Council, Ctr Excellence Australian Biodivers & Heritage, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. RP Liddicoat, C; Breed, MF (reprint author), Univ Adelaide, Sch Biol Sci, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.; Liddicoat, C; Breed, MF (reprint author), Univ Adelaide, Inst Environm, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.; Breed, MF (reprint author), Flinders Univ S Australia, Coll Sci & Engn, Bedford Pk, SA 5042, Australia. EM craig.liddicoat@adelaide.edu.au; martin.breed@flinders.edu.au RI Breed, Martin/G-5482-2011 OI Breed, Martin/0000-0001-7810-9696; Young, Jennifer/0000-0002-2971-5486; Liddicoat, Craig/0000-0002-4812-7524 FU Australian Government Research Training Program ScholarshipAustralian GovernmentDepartment of Industry, Innovation and Science; Australian Research CouncilAustralian Research Council FX We thank Lab Animal Services, the Advanced DNA Identification and Forensic Facility, and the Environment Institute from the University of Adelaide. Craig Liddicoat received support from an Australian Government Research Training Program Scholarship. Martin Breed is supported by the Australian Research Council. We also thank the anonymous reviewers of our manuscript; Leanne McGrath, Naga Kasinadhuni and Christopher Noune from AGRF; Denise Noonan, Gail Anderson, Jaimee Spurr, Tiffany Boehm, Jonathan Jacobsen, Stefan Musolino, Kelsi Dodds, Ashley Grant, Korjent van Dijk, Andrew Lowe and Michelle Waycott for helpful discussions and input; and Shaun Kennedy and SA Water for access and guidance for source soil locations. NR 70 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 20 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER PI AMSTERDAM PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD JAN 20 PY 2020 VL 701 AR 134684 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134684 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA JQ2ST UT WOS:000498801400046 PM 31704402 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Kreger, M Cairoli, KS Brindis, CD AF Kreger, Mary Cairoli, Katherine Sargent Brindis, Claire D. TI An Underpinning of School Inequities: Asthma Absences and Lost Revenue in California Schools SO JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE asthma; pediatric asthma; pediatrics; school revenue; school absence ID CHILDHOOD ASTHMA; PERFORMANCE; YOUTH AB BACKGROUND Asthma is epidemic in many locations in the United States. Asthma exacerbations pose serious health and education risks for students through school absences, school dropout, and introduction to the juvenile justice system. Accurate school district-level asthma data, currently in short supply, would enable early interventions that focus on specific geographic areas and racial and ethnic subgroups that have higher asthma prevalence. METHODS To support the development of better local level data systems, we used two California student databases, as well as state education and financial databases, to develop two models to estimate school absences and to extrapolate their economic impact in lost school revenue. RESULTS Analysis demonstrated subpopulations that are appropriate for early intervention: African American elementary school boys have 9.4 average absences per year, higher than other primary racial and ethnic groups. Students who miss >= 3 school days due to asthma account for $26 million of lost revenue. CONCLUSIONS Accurate local level asthma data can identify subpopulations of students for whom environmental and treatment programs can be employed to reduce asthma absences and other related outcomes, and to reduce currently lost school revenues. Such programs also may diminish other asthma-related school inequities. C1 [Kreger, Mary; Cairoli, Katherine Sargent] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Biochem, Sci & Hlth Educ Partnership, 3533 21st St, San Francisco, CA 94114 USA. [Brindis, Claire D.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Philip R Lee Inst Hlth Policy Studies, 3333 Calif St, San Francisco, CA 94118 USA. RP Kreger, M (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Biochem, Sci & Hlth Educ Partnership, 3533 21st St, San Francisco, CA 94114 USA. EM mkreger224@gmail.com; katherine.sargent@gmail.com; claire.brindis@ucsf.edu FU The California Endowment [A-1113611] NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-4391 EI 1746-1561 J9 J SCHOOL HEALTH JI J. Sch. Health PD MAR PY 2020 VL 90 IS 3 BP 200 EP 211 DI 10.1111/josh.12869 EA JAN 2020 PG 12 WC Education & Educational Research; Education, Scientific Disciplines; Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Education & Educational Research; Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA KH5NP UT WOS:000508062900001 PM 31957039 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Maloney, KO Krause, KP Buchanan, C Hay, LE McCabe, GJ Smith, ZM Sohl, TL Young, JA AF Maloney, Kelly O. Krause, Kevin P. Buchanan, Claire Hay, Lauren E. McCabe, Gregory J. Smith, Zachary M. Sohl, Terry L. Young, John A. TI Disentangling the potential effects of land-use and climate change on stream conditions SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Early Access DE benthic macroinvertebrates; Chesapeake Bay watershed; Chessie BIBI; prediction; projection ID FRESH-WATER ECOSYSTEMS; HEADWATER STREAMS; UNITED-STATES; BIODIVERSITY; IMPACTS; MACROINVERTEBRATES; TEMPERATURE; PATTERNS; TRENDS; COVER AB Land-use and climate change are significantly affecting stream ecosystems, yet understanding of their long-term impacts is hindered by the few studies that have simultaneously investigated their interaction and high variability among future projections. We modeled possible effects of a suite of 2030, 2060, and 2090 land-use and climate scenarios on the condition of 70,772 small streams in the Chesapeake Bay watershed, United States. The Chesapeake Basin-wide Index of Biotic Integrity, a benthic macroinvertebrate multimetric index, was used to represent stream condition. Land-use scenarios included four Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (A1B, A2, B1, and B2) representing a range of potential landscape futures. Future climate scenarios included quartiles of future climate changes from downscaled Coupled Model Intercomparison Project - Phase 5 (CMIP5) and a watershed-wide uniform scenario (Lynch2016). We employed random forests analysis to model individual and combined effects of land-use and climate change on stream conditions. Individual scenarios suggest that by 2090, watershed-wide conditions may exhibit anywhere from large degradations (e.g., scenarios A1B, A2, and the CMIP5 25th percentile) to small degradations (e.g., scenarios B1, B2, and Lynch2016). Combined land-use and climate change scenarios highlighted their interaction and predicted, by 2090, watershed-wide degradation in 16.2% (A2 CMIP5 25th percentile) to 1.0% (B2 Lynch2016) of stream kilometers. A goal for the Chesapeake Bay watershed is to restore 10% of stream kilometers over a 2008 baseline; our results suggest meeting and sustaining this goal until 2090 may require improvement in 11.0%-26.2% of stream kilometers, dependent on land-use and climate scenario. These results highlight inherent variability among scenarios and the resultant uncertainty of predicted conditions, which reinforces the need to incorporate multiple scenarios of both land-use (e.g., development, agriculture, etc.) and climate change in future studies to encapsulate the range of potential future conditions. C1 [Maloney, Kelly O.; Krause, Kevin P.; Young, John A.] US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, 11649 Leetown Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. [Buchanan, Claire; Smith, Zachary M.] ICPRB, Rockville, MD USA. [Hay, Lauren E.; McCabe, Gregory J.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO USA. [Sohl, Terry L.] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD USA. [Smith, Zachary M.] New York State DEC, NEIWPCC, 625 Broadway,4th Floor, Albany, NY 12233 USA. RP Maloney, KO (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, 11649 Leetown Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. EM kmaloney@usgs.gov OI McCabe, Gregory/0000-0002-9258-2997; Maloney, Kelly/0000-0003-2304-0745; Sohl, Terry/0000-0002-9771-4231; Krause, Kevin/0000-0002-0255-7027; Young, John/0000-0002-4500-3673; Buchanan, Claire/0000-0001-5627-448X FU U.S. Geological SurveyUnited States Geological Survey FX U.S. Geological Survey NR 72 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1354-1013 EI 1365-2486 J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. DI 10.1111/gcb.14961 EA JAN 2020 PG 19 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KD5ZY UT WOS:000507945500001 PM 31957148 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Perez-Mendez, N Andersson, GKS Requier, F Hipolito, J Aizen, MA Morales, CL Garcia, N Gennari, GP Garibaldi, LA AF Perez-Mendez, Nestor Andersson, Georg K. S. Requier, Fabrice Hipolito, Juliana Aizen, Marcelo A. Morales, Carolina L. Garcia, Nancy Gennari, Gerardo P. Garibaldi, Lucas A. TI The economic cost of losing native pollinator species for orchard productionPalabras clave SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY LA English DT Article; Early Access DE apple; bumblebees; crop pollination; crop yield; honeybees; orchard; profitability; sustainable agriculture ID CROP YIELD; BUMBLE-BEE; WILD BEES; LIMITATION; PRESSURES; IMPACTS; QUALITY; TRENDS; SET AB The alarming loss of pollinator diversity world-wide can reduce the productivity of pollinator-dependent crops, which could have economic impacts. However, it is unclear to what extent the loss of a key native pollinator species affects crop production and farmer's profits. By experimentally manipulating the presence of colonies of a native bumblebee species Bombus pauloensis in eight apple orchards in South Argentina, we evaluated the impact of losing natural populations of a key native pollinator group on (a) crop yield, (b) pollination quality, and (c) farmer's profit. To do so, we performed a factorial experiment of pollinator exclusion (yes/no) and hand pollination (yes/no). Our results showed that biotic pollination increased ripe fruit set by 13% when compared to non-biotic pollination. Additionally, fruit set and the number of fruits per apple tree was reduced by less than a half in those orchards where bumblebees were absent, even when honeybees were present at high densities. Consequently, farmer's profit was 2.4-fold lower in farms lacking bumblebees than in farms hosting both pollinator species. The pollination experiment further suggested that the benefits of bumblebees could be mediated by improved pollen quality rather than quantity. Synthesis and applications. This study highlights the pervasive consequences of losing key pollinator functional groups, such as bumblebees, for apple production and local economies. Adopting pollinator-friendly practices such as minimizing the use of synthetic inputs or restoring/maintaining semi-natural habitats at farm and landscape scales, will have the double advantage of promoting biodiversity conservation, and increasing crop productivity and profitability for local farmers. Yet because the implementation of these practices can take time to deliver results, the management of native pollinator species can be a provisional complementary strategy to increase economic profitability of apple growers in the short term. C1 [Perez-Mendez, Nestor; Andersson, Georg K. S.; Requier, Fabrice; Hipolito, Juliana; Garibaldi, Lucas A.] Univ Nacl Rio Negro, Inst Invest Recursos Nat Agroecol & Desarrollo Ru, San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina. [Perez-Mendez, Nestor] IRTA, Estacio Expt Ebre, Tarragona, Spain. [Andersson, Georg K. S.] Lund Univ, Ctr Environm & Climate Res, Lund, Sweden. [Requier, Fabrice] Univ Paris Saclay, Univ Paris Sud, Evolut Genome Comportement & Ecol, CNRS,IRD, Paris, France. [Hipolito, Juliana] INPA, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. [Aizen, Marcelo A.; Morales, Carolina L.] Univ Nacl Comahue, INIBIOMA, Grp Ecol Polinizac, San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina. [Aizen, Marcelo A.; Morales, Carolina L.] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina. [Garcia, Nancy] Agencia Desarrollo Econ Neuquen, Ctr Pyme Adeneu, Neuquen, Argentina. [Gennari, Gerardo P.] INTA, Programa Nacl Apicultura PROAPI, Estn Expt Agr Famailla, San Miguel De Tucuman, Argentina. [Garibaldi, Lucas A.] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, Inst Invest Recursos Nat Agroecol & Desarrollo Ru, San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina. RP Perez-Mendez, N; Andersson, GKS (reprint author), Univ Nacl Rio Negro, Inst Invest Recursos Nat Agroecol & Desarrollo Ru, San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina.; Perez-Mendez, N (reprint author), IRTA, Estacio Expt Ebre, Tarragona, Spain.; Andersson, GKS (reprint author), Lund Univ, Ctr Environm & Climate Res, Lund, Sweden. EM nestorperezmendez@gmail.com; gandersson@unrn.edu.ar FU National Fund for Research [PICT 2015-2333]; Universidad Nacional de Rio Negro [PI 40-B-399, PI 40-B-567]; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y TecnicasConsejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET) [Res 298/14, Exp 8383/13] FX National Fund for Research, Grant/Award Number: PICT 2015-2333; Universidad Nacional de Rio Negro, Grant/Award Number: PI 40-B-399 and PI 40-B-567; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas, Grant/Award Number: PDTS, Res 298/14, Exp 8383/13 NR 57 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0021-8901 EI 1365-2664 J9 J APPL ECOL JI J. Appl. Ecol. DI 10.1111/1365-2664.13561 EA JAN 2020 PG 10 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KD5EK UT WOS:000507887500001 OA Bronze DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Inogwabini, BI AF Inogwabini, Bila-Isia TI The changing water cycle: Freshwater in the Congo SO WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-WATER LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Congo Basin; climate change; freshwaters; prolonged droughts; water transfers ID CENTRAL-AFRICA; SURFACE ALBEDO; FISHES; BASIN; BIODIVERSITY; TANGANYIKA; PROVINCE; FUTURE; LIST; WEST AB Climate change in Africa is manifesting itself in the distribution and quantities of freshwater which are becoming serious security issues. Central Africa, particularly the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), with its abundant water, is caught in the middle of strategies to curb future effects of droughts, water scarcity and flooding across Africa. This article reviewed the current status of water and related biodiversity in DRC using a political economy, biological data and available social knowledge. Freshwaters hold the potentials to significantly contribute to the economy of DRC. However, fish stocks in some stretches of the Congo River are fished at intensities that exceed their productivity potential; water depths are decreasing in some others. Sources of the freshwaters of the Congo Basin cross borders of many countries but proper transboundary management plans to support cross-border sustainable management of freshwaters are lacking. Stakeholders do not own freshwater sustainable management plans; growing populations and the drying up of large portions of Africa make that freshwater of the Congo, rather than being a uniting factor of the region, instead a security threat that Congo River Basin countries need to care about immediately. Caution should prevail in ways in which the freshwaters of the Congo Basin are exploited. Particularly, lack of in-depth ecological knowledge about the biology and the mechanics of the Congo Basin's freshwaters call for careful scrutiny of the idea to export the freshwaters of Congo to refill the Lake Chad Basin as suggested by some politicians, since this could lead to an unprecedented ecological cataclysm. This article is categorized under: Water and Life > Conservation, Management, and Awareness Science of Water > Water Extremes Engineering Water > Planning Water C1 [Inogwabini, Bila-Isia] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Aquat Sci & Assessment, Uppsala, Sweden. [Inogwabini, Bila-Isia] Univ Loyola Congo, Ctr Rech & Commun Dev Durable CERED, Kinshasa, DEM REP CONGO. RP Inogwabini, BI (reprint author), Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Aquat Sci & Assessment, Uppsala, Sweden. EM bila_inogwabini@biari.brown.edu NR 133 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2049-1948 J9 WIRES WATER JI Wiley Interdiscip. Rev.-Water AR e1410 DI 10.1002/wat2.1410 EA JAN 2020 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA KD5WY UT WOS:000507937600001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Asase, A Sainge, MN Radji, RA Ugbogu, OA Peterson, AT AF Asase, Alex Sainge, Moses N. Radji, Raoufou A. Ugbogu, Omokafe A. Peterson, A. Townsend TI A new model for efficient, need-driven progress in generating primary biodiversity information resources SO APPLICATIONS IN PLANT SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE biodiversity informatics; digitization; plants; primary biodiversity data; West Africa ID DIGITAL ACCESSIBLE KNOWLEDGE; PLANTS; DIGITIZATION; COMPLETENESS; PRIORITIES; DIVERSITY AB Premise The field of biodiversity informatics has developed rapidly in recent years, with broad availability of large-scale information resources. However, online biodiversity information is biased spatially as a result of slow and uneven capture and digitization of existing data resources. The West African Plants Initiative approach to data capture is a prototype of a novel solution to the problems of the traditional model, in which the institutional "owner" of the specimens is responsible for digital capture of associated data. Methods We developed customized workflows for data capture in formats directly and permanently useful to the "owner" herbarium, and digitized significant numbers of new biodiversity records, adding to the information available for the plants of the region. Results In all, 190,953 records of species in 1965 genera and 331 families were captured by mid-2018. These data records covered 16 West African countries, with most of the records (10,000-99,999) from Cote d'Ivoire, Ghana, Togo, Nigeria, and Cameroon, and the fewest data records from Mauritania (<100 records). The West African Plants Initiative has increased available digital accessible knowledge records for West African plants by about 54%. Several of the project institutions have put initial project data online as part of their Global Biodiversity Information Facility data contributions. The average cost of data capture ranged from US$0.50-1.00 per herbarium sheet. Discussion Data capture has been cost-effective because it is much less expensive than de novo field collections, allows for development of information resources even for regions in which political situations make contemporary field sampling impossible, and provides a historical baseline against which to compare newer data as they become available. This new paradigm in specimen digitization has considerable promise to accelerate and improve the process of generating high-quality biodiversity information, and can be replicated and applied in many biodiversity-rich, information-poor regions to remedy the present massive gaps in information availability. C1 [Asase, Alex] Univ Ghana, Dept Plant & Environm Biol, POB LG 55, Legon, Ghana. [Sainge, Moses N.] Trop Plant Explorat Grp TroPEG, POB 18, Mundemba, Cameroon. [Radji, Raoufou A.] Univ Lome, Dept Bot, 06 BP 6135, Lome, Togo. [Ugbogu, Omokafe A.] Forestry Res Inst Nigeria, PMB 5054,Jericho Hills, Ibadan, Nigeria. [Peterson, A. Townsend] Univ Kansas, Biodivers Inst, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Peterson, A. Townsend] Univ Kansas, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. RP Asase, A (reprint author), Univ Ghana, Dept Plant & Environm Biol, POB LG 55, Legon, Ghana.; Peterson, AT (reprint author), Univ Kansas, Biodivers Inst, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.; Peterson, AT (reprint author), Univ Kansas, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. EM alexasase@ug.edu.gh; town@ku.edu RI ; Radji, Aboudou Raoufou Pierre/M-8081-2013; Peterson, A. Townsend/I-5697-2013 OI Sainge, Moses/0000-0003-1677-3043; Radji, Aboudou Raoufou Pierre/0000-0001-6597-8438; Peterson, A. Townsend/0000-0003-0243-2379 FU JRS Biodiversity Foundation; European Union through the GBIF-BID program FX We dedicate this paper to the impressive and foundational work that has been achieved and the trails that have been blazed by the Comision Nacional para el Conocimiento y Uso de la Biodiversidad (CONABIO). CONABIO provided a stellar, decades-long success story that has illustrated the concept presented herein, and inspired the present work. We highly appreciate work done by our data capturists: Anthony Adu-Gyamfi, Sabastian W. Yunkavi, Sodjinou E. Komlan, and Emmanuel Chukwuma. We are grateful to Kim Watson and Yannick Klomberg for training project interns and data capturists in specimen imaging and record capture using BRAHMS, respectively. Daniel Jimenez-Garcia, Ali Khalighifar, Qiao Huijie, Vijay Barve, and Marlon E. Cobos all provided invaluable help in managing big data sets. The JRS Biodiversity Foundation provided support for the project in the form of a generous research grant to the University of Ghana. Thanks also to the European Union for financial support through the GBIF-BID program (to A.A.) for biodiversity informatics research. NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2168-0450 J9 APPL PLANT SCI JI Appl. Plant Sci. PD JAN PY 2020 VL 8 IS 1 DI 10.1002/aps3.11318 EA JAN 2020 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA KG8LS UT WOS:000507886900001 PM 31993260 OA DOAJ Gold, Green Published DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Triunfo, S Lofoco, F Petrillo, F Volpe, M AF Triunfo, Stefania Lofoco, Francesca Petrillo, Francesca Volpe, Massimo TI Could maternal ethnicity be a determinant of healthcare costs for birth assistance? Insights from a retrospective hospital-based study for the implementation of a woman-centered approach in obstetrics SO JOURNAL OF MATERNAL-FETAL & NEONATAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Costs; delivery; cesarean section; ethnicity; maternal morbidity ID POPULATION; PREGNANCY; MIGRATION; MORTALITY; OUTCOMES; WEIGHT AB Background: Current policy and service provision recommend a woman-centered approach to maternity care and the development of personalized models for clinical assistance. Ethnicity has been recognized as a determinant in the risk calculation of selected obstetric complications. Based on these assumptions, our aims were to describe the linkage between baseline characteristics and maternal ethnicity and to analyze the cost for the local healthcare system, distinguishing mode of delivery, absence or presence of complications at birth, and maternal stay duration for all ethnic groups. Methods: In a 5-year period (2012-16), all women admitted for delivery at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy, were included in the analysis. Maternal demographics, adverse outcomes, and costs were evaluated. Economic calculations were performed by using the "diagnosis-related group" (DRG) approach. Results: A total of 18,093 patients were included in the analysis. An overall care expense of euro42,663,481 was calculated. Caucasian was the main ethnicity (90.7%), with 9.3% minority groups. Vaginal delivery (VD) was the most common mode of delivery in all ethnic groups, with a global rate of 59.6%. The highest cesarean section (CS) rates were observed among Maghreb (51.5%) and Afro-Caribbean (47.8%) women. Minority groups had a doubled rate of complicated VD, primarily Afro-Caribbean women (69.9%), followed by Asian (64.1%), Maghreb (63.2%), and Latin American (62.7%) women. Afro-Caribbean women had the highest rate of complicated CS compared to the overall study population (37.6 versus 28.5%, p < .005). Conclusions: Minority groups have increased healthcare costs for birth assistance, mainly due to the higher rates of complications. In a prospective view, two strategies could be planned: first, calculating individualized risk to mitigate the clinical care charge, based on the ad hoc combination of ethnicity, mode of delivery, and obstetric complications; and second, endorsing the current financial return-on-investment opportunity tied to mitigating ethnic disparities in birth outcomes. C1 [Triunfo, Stefania] Fdn Policlin Univ A Gemelli IRCCS, Dept Obstet & Gynaecol, Largo A Gemelli 8, I-00168 Rome, Italy. [Triunfo, Stefania; Lofoco, Francesca; Petrillo, Francesca; Volpe, Massimo] Univ Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy. [Volpe, Massimo] Fdn Policlin Univ A Gemelli IRCCS, Clin Directorate, Rome, Italy. RP Triunfo, S (reprint author), Fdn Policlin Univ A Gemelli IRCCS, Dept Obstet & Gynaecol, Largo A Gemelli 8, I-00168 Rome, Italy. EM stefaniatriunfo@libero.it OI Triunfo, Stefania/0000-0003-2405-4970 NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1476-7058 EI 1476-4954 J9 J MATERN-FETAL NEO M JI J. Matern.-Fetal Neonatal Med. DI 10.1080/14767058.2020.1714584 EA JAN 2020 PG 7 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA KD7QY UT WOS:000508059500001 PM 31957526 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Brust, CA Kading, C Denzler, J AF Brust, Clemens-Alexander Kaeding, Christoph Denzler, Joachim TI Active and Incremental Learning with Weak Supervision SO KUNSTLICHE INTELLIGENZ LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Active learning; Wildlife surveillance; Weak supervision; Object detection; Incremental learning ID SEGMENTATION; IMAGES AB Large amounts of labeled training data are one of the main contributors to the great success that deep models have achieved in the past. Label acquisition for tasks other than benchmarks can pose a challenge due to requirements of both funding and expertise. By selecting unlabeled examples that are promising in terms of model improvement and only asking for respective labels, active learning can increase the efficiency of the labeling process in terms of time and cost. In this work, we describe combinations of an incremental learning scheme and methods of active learning. These allow for continuous exploration of newly observed unlabeled data. We describe selection criteria based on model uncertainty as well as expected model output change (EMOC). An object detection task is evaluated in a continuous exploration context on the PASCAL VOC dataset. We also validate a weakly supervised system based on active and incremental learning in a real-world biodiversity application where images from camera traps are analyzed. Labeling only 32 images by accepting or rejecting proposals generated by our method yields an increase in accuracy from 25.4 to 42.6%. C1 [Brust, Clemens-Alexander; Kaeding, Christoph; Denzler, Joachim] Friedrich Schiller Univ Jena, Jena, Germany. RP Brust, CA (reprint author), Friedrich Schiller Univ Jena, Jena, Germany. EM clemens-alexander.brust@uni-jena.de; christoph.kaeding@uni-jena.de; joachim.denzler@uni-jena.de FU Projekt DEAL FX Open Access funding provided by Projekt DEAL. We would like to thank Andrea Perino from iDiv for the cooperation, and for supplying wildlife surveillance data as well as annotations. We also want to thank Alexander Freytag, Erik Rodner and Paul Bodesheim as co-authors of the original publication of multi-class EMOC in [33]. NR 71 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 0933-1875 EI 1610-1987 J9 KUNSTL INTELL JI Kunstl. Intell. DI 10.1007/s13218-020-00631-4 EA JAN 2020 PG 16 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence SC Computer Science GA KD3RJ UT WOS:000507785700001 OA Other Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Zhang, DR Hui, H Yu, GH Song, XQ Liu, S Yuan, SQ Xiao, H Rao, DQ AF Zhang, Dong-Ru Hui, Hong Yu, Guo-Hua Song, Xin-Qiang Liu, Shuo Yuan, Si-Qi Xiao, Heng Rao, Ding-Qi TI Shared response to changes in drainage basin: Phylogeography of the Yunnan small narrow-mouthed frog, Glyphoglossus yunnanensis (Anura: Microhylidae) SO ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article; Early Access DE drainage history; genetic structure; Glyphoglossus yunnanensis; phylogeography; secondary contact; shared response; southwest China ID TERMINALIA-FRANCHETII COMBRETACEAE; PLEISTOCENE CLIMATIC FLUCTUATIONS; GENETIC-STRUCTURE; BIODIVERSITY HOTSPOTS; PALAEODRAINAGE BASINS; MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY; TIBETAN PLATEAU; RIVER CAPTURE; CYTOCHROME-B; EVOLUTIONARY AB Aim With the late Cenozoic uplift of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP), drainage of the southeastern edge of the QTP changed significantly. However, the impact of this dramatic change on the geographical distribution and genetic diversity of endemic organisms is still poorly understood. Here, we examined the geographical patterns of genetic variation in the Yunnan small narrow-mouthed frog, Glyphoglossus yunnanensis (Microhylidae), and two alternative hypotheses were tested: That is, the geographical distribution of genetic variation was determined by either the contemporary drainage basin or historical drainage basins. Location The Mountains of southwest China. Materials and methods Analyses were based on 417 specimens collected from across the distribution of the species. We reconstructed the genealogy (Bayesian and maximum parsimony methods) and assessed demographic history based on DNA sequencing data from mitochondrial and nuclear markers. We also mapped the genetic diversity and estimated the divergence times by a relaxed clock model. Results The species has maintained a relatively stable population size without recent population expansion. Four major maternal lineages were identified with good support, one representing a possible cryptic species and the other three showing further subdivision. The distribution of these deeply differentiated lineages/sublineages corresponded well to geographical regions. The secondary contact zones and phylogeographic breaks in distinct lineages of G. yunnanensis were almost concordant with those of Nanorana yunnanensis. Main conclusions Lineage division conformed to the hypothesis of drainage system evolution, that is, the phylogeographic pattern of G. yunnanensis was shaped by historical drainage patterns. Concordance in phylogeographic patterns may suggest a shared response to common hydrogeological history and also might indicate that there was more contribution of the drainage history than ecological or life-history traits in structuring genetic variation between these two disparate codistributed taxa G. yunnanensis and N. yunnanensis. C1 [Zhang, Dong-Ru; Xiao, Heng] Yunnan Univ, Coll Life Sci, Kunming 650091, Yunnan, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Dong-Ru; Hui, Hong; Rao, Ding-Qi] Chinese Acad Sci, Kunming Inst Zool, State Key Lab Genet Resources & Evolut, 32 Jiaochang Donglu, Kunming 650223, Yunnan, Peoples R China. [Yu, Guo-Hua] Guangxi Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Guilin, Peoples R China. [Song, Xin-Qiang] Yingjing Adm Daxiangling Nat Reserve, Yaan, Peoples R China. [Liu, Shuo] Chinese Acad Sci, Kunming Inst Zool, Kunming Nat Hist Museum Zool, Kunming, Yunnan, Peoples R China. [Yuan, Si-Qi] Sichuan Univ Sci & Engn, Bioengn Coll, Yibin, Peoples R China. RP Xiao, H (reprint author), Yunnan Univ, Coll Life Sci, Kunming 650091, Yunnan, Peoples R China.; Rao, DQ (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Kunming Inst Zool, State Key Lab Genet Resources & Evolut, 32 Jiaochang Donglu, Kunming 650223, Yunnan, Peoples R China. EM xiaoheng@ynu.edu.cn; raodq@mail.kiz.ac.cn OI Zhang, Dong Ru/0000-0001-5105-9860 FU Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan ProvinceNatural Science Foundation of Yunnan Province [2013FA021]; National Key Research and Development Program [2017YFC0505202]; National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [31301872, 31372165, 31772424] FX Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan Province, Grant/Award Number: 2013FA021; National Key Research and Development Program, Grant/Award Number: 2017YFC0505202; National Natural Science Foundation of China, Grant/Award Number: 31301872, 31372165 and 31772424 NR 82 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2045-7758 J9 ECOL EVOL JI Ecol. Evol. DI 10.1002/ece3.6011 EA JAN 2020 PG 14 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA KD3YI UT WOS:000507803800001 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Laage-Thomsen, J Blok, A AF Laage-Thomsen, Jakob Blok, Anders TI Civic modes of greening the city? Urban natures in-between familiar engagement and green critique SO LOCAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Civic environmentalism; engagement regimes; group styles; material politics; place attachment; urban greening ID SUSTAINABILITY; POLITICS; SPACE AB In this article, we deploy the loosely bounded phenomenon of "urban green communities" - in the shape of urban gardening, beekeeping, food collectives, biodiversity enhancement, tree planting and kindred citizen-based group practices towards urban greening - in order to probe the wide variations in modes of civic engagement with urban sustainability politics. As such, we explore the conceptual gaps opened up in-between everyday lifestyle politics, green social movements and critiques of neoliberal urban political economies, by leveraging a novel and fine-grained conceptualization of civic and place-based material participation built from pragmatic sociology. The work of Laurent Thevenot on regimes of engagement, in particular, allow us to trace translations in-between the familiar attachments and the public critiques undertaken by urban green communities in ways that expand the frame on socio-material politics relative to current research conversations. Empirically, we leverage this re-conceptualization as part of a comprehensive digital mapping exercise set in Denmark, in which we trace core patterns and differences in modes of urban-green politics at the level of everyday citizen practices and group interaction styles across a diversity of urban green communities. Having identified six such civic modes of urban greening and specified their group styles of engagement, we end by discussing the implications of our findings for questions of care, justice and democracy in sustainable city-making. C1 [Laage-Thomsen, Jakob; Blok, Anders] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Sociol, Oester Farimagsgade 5, DK-1353 Copenhagen K, Denmark. RP Blok, A (reprint author), Univ Copenhagen, Dept Sociol, Oester Farimagsgade 5, DK-1353 Copenhagen K, Denmark. EM abl@soc.ku.dk OI Blok, Anders/0000-0002-3403-698X FU Velux Foundation [14421] FX The Velux Foundation supported this work, via grant number 14421. NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1354-9839 EI 1469-6711 J9 LOCAL ENVIRON JI Local Environ. PD FEB 1 PY 2020 VL 25 IS 2 BP 162 EP 178 DI 10.1080/13549839.2020.1714568 EA JAN 2020 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KE9PJ UT WOS:000507452600001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Jucker, T Jackson, TD Zellweger, F Swinfield, T Gregory, N Williamson, J Slade, EM Phillips, JW Bittencourt, PRL Blonder, B Boyle, MJW Ellwood, MDF Hemprich-Bennett, D Lewis, OT Matula, R Senior, RA Shenkin, A Svatek, M Coomes, DA AF Jucker, Tommaso Jackson, Tobias D. Zellweger, Florian Swinfield, Tom Gregory, Nichar Williamson, Joseph Slade, Eleanor M. Phillips, Josie W. Bittencourt, Paulo R. L. Blonder, Benjamin Boyle, Michael J. W. Ellwood, M. D. Farnon Hemprich-Bennett, David Lewis, Owen T. Matula, Radim Senior, Rebecca A. Shenkin, Alexander Svatek, Martin Coomes, David A. TI A Research Agenda for Microclimate Ecology in Human-Modified Tropical Forests SO FRONTIERS IN FORESTS AND GLOBAL CHANGE LA English DT Article DE ecosystem functioning; habitat loss and fragmentation; logging; microrefugia; remote sensing; species distribution modeling; species interactions; thermal corridors ID WOOD DECOMPOSITION; THERMAL HETEROGENEITY; MALARIA TRANSMISSION; SPECIES INTERACTIONS; GLOBAL CHANGE; RAIN-FOREST; AREA INDEX; CLIMATE; TEMPERATURE; CONVERSION AB Logging and habitat fragmentation impact tropical forest ecosystems in numerous ways, perhaps the most striking of which is by altering the temperature, humidity, and light environment of the forest-its microclimate. Because local-scale microclimatic conditions directly influence the physiology, demography and behavior of most species, many of the impacts of land-use intensification on the biodiversity and ecosystem functioning of tropical forests have been attributed to changes in microclimate. However, the actual pathways through which altered microclimatic conditions reshape the ecology of these human-modified ecosystems remain largely unexplored. To bridge this knowledge gap, here we outline an agenda for future microclimate research in human-modified tropical ecosystems. We focus specifically on three main themes: the role of microclimate in shaping (i) species distributions, (ii) species interactions, and (iii) ecosystem functioning in tropical forests. In doing so we aim to highlight how a renewed focus on microclimate can help us not only better understand the ecology of human-modified tropical ecosystems, but also guide efforts to manage and protect them. C1 [Jucker, Tommaso] Univ Bristol, Sch Biol Sci, Bristol, Avon, England. [Jackson, Tobias D.; Zellweger, Florian; Swinfield, Tom; Coomes, David A.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Plant Sci, Forest Ecol & Conservat Grp, Cambridge, England. [Zellweger, Florian] Swiss Fed Inst Forest Snow & Landscape Res WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland. [Gregory, Nichar; Boyle, Michael J. W.] Imperial Coll London, Dept Life Sci, Ascot, Berks, England. [Williamson, Joseph] Queen Mary Univ London, Sch Biol & Chem Sci, London, England. [Slade, Eleanor M.] Nanyang Technol Univ, Asian Sch Environm, Singapore, Singapore. [Phillips, Josie W.; Ellwood, M. D. Farnon] Univ West England, Ctr Res Biosci, Bristol, Avon, England. [Bittencourt, Paulo R. L.] Univ Exeter, Coll Life & Environm Sci, Exeter, Devon, England. [Blonder, Benjamin] Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Tempe, AZ USA. [Blonder, Benjamin; Shenkin, Alexander] Univ Oxford, Sch Geog & Environm, Environm Change Inst, Oxford, England. [Hemprich-Bennett, David; Lewis, Owen T.] Univ Oxford, Dept Zool, Oxford, England. [Matula, Radim] Czech Univ Life Sci Prague, Fac Forestry & Wood Sci, Dept Forest Ecol, Prague, Czech Republic. [Senior, Rebecca A.] Princeton Univ, Woodrow Wilson Sch Publ & Int Affairs, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Svatek, Martin] Mendel Univ Brno, Fac Forestry & Wood Technol, Dept Forest Bot Dendrol & Geobiocoenol, Brno, Czech Republic. RP Jucker, T (reprint author), Univ Bristol, Sch Biol Sci, Bristol, Avon, England. EM t.jucker@bristol.ac.uk FU UK Natural Environment Research Council's (NERC) Human Modified Tropical Forests ProgrammeNERC Natural Environment Research Council [NE/K016377/1, NE/K016407/1]; UK NERC Independent Research Fellowship [NE/S01537X/1]; Swiss National Science FoundationSwiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) [172198]; Isaac Newton Trust; Royal Society Newton International Fellowship [NF170370]; Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech RepublicMinistry of Education, Youth & Sports - Czech Republic [LTT17017] FX This study was funded by the UK Natural Environment Research Council's (NERC) Human Modified Tropical Forests Programme (Grant No. NE/K016377/1 and NE/K016407/1 awarded to the BALI and LOMBOK consortia, respectively). TJ was supported by a UK NERC Independent Research Fellowship (Grant No. NE/S01537X/1). FZ was funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation (Grant No. 172198) and the Isaac Newton Trust. PB was funded by a Royal Society Newton International Fellowship (Grant No. NF170370). MS was supported through a grant from the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic (Grant No. LTT17017). NR 108 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU FRONTIERS MEDIA SA PI LAUSANNE PA AVENUE DU TRIBUNAL FEDERAL 34, LAUSANNE, CH-1015, SWITZERLAND EI 2624-893X J9 FRONT FOR GLOB CHANG JI Front. For. Glob. Change PD JAN 17 PY 2020 VL 2 AR UNSP 92 DI 10.3389/ffgc.2019.00092 PG 11 WC Ecology; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA KH5KI UT WOS:000510688100001 OA DOAJ Gold, Green Published DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Hounkpati, K McHugh, JV Niang, AA Goergen, G AF Hounkpati, Kwevitoukoui McHugh, Joseph V. Niang, Abdoul Aziz Goergen, Georg TI Documenting museum records of West African Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) in Benin and Senegal SO BIODIVERSITY DATA JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Africa; Coccinelloidea; Coccinellinae; distribution; diversity; insect collection; inventory; Microweiseinae; taxonomy; museum; systematics; lady beetles; ladybugs ID ANNOTATED CHECKLIST; COLLECTIONS; REVISION; BIODIVERSITY; CHILOCORINI; TAXONOMY; NORTH; GENUS AB Background This work provides a preliminary inventory of West African Coccinellidae. This was based on the West African Coccinellidae (WAC) specimens in the holdings of insect collections at the Laboratoire de Zoologie des Invertebres Terrestres at the Institut Fondamental d'Afrique Noire Cheikh Anta Diop (IFAN), Senegal and the Biodiversity Center at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITAB), Benin. New information A total of 129 species representing 11 tribes and 40 genera is reported, including one species of the subfamily Microweiseinae and 128 species of the subfamily Coccinellinae. The geographic distribution of collection localities is presented for these species. Cheilomenes lunata (Fabricius, 1775), Cheilomenes propinqua (Mulsant, 1850), Cheilomenes sulphurea (Olivier, 1791), Chnootriba elaterii (Rossi, 1794), Chnootriba similis (Thunberg, 1781), Exochomus laeviusculus Weise, 1909, Hyperaspis delicatula( Mulsant, 1850) and Hyperaspis pumila Mulsant, 1850 are the best represented species in these collections. C1 [Hounkpati, Kwevitoukoui; McHugh, Joseph V.] Univ Georgia, Dept Entomol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Hounkpati, Kwevitoukoui] Grain de Sel Togo Inc, Athens, GA 30601 USA. [Niang, Abdoul Aziz] Inst Fondamental Afrique Noire Cheikh Anta Diop, Lab Zool Invertebres Terrestres, Dakar, Senegal. [Goergen, Georg] Int Inst Trop Agr, Cotonou, Benin. RP Hounkpati, K (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Entomol, Athens, GA 30602 USA.; Hounkpati, K (reprint author), Grain de Sel Togo Inc, Athens, GA 30601 USA. EM bhounkpati@graindeseltogo.org FU Borlaug LEAP [016258-97]; Fulbright Foreign Student Program Scholarship from Institute of International Education; Global Programs Graduate International Travel Award from the University of Georgia; West African Research Center (WARC) Travel Grant; Department of Entomology at the University of Georgia; H.H. Ross Fund grant FX This project was supported by the following grants: Borlaug LEAP grant #016258-97 (to KH), H.H. Ross Fund grant (to KH), Fulbright Foreign Student Program Scholarship from Institute of International Education (to KH), Global Programs Graduate International Travel Award from the University of Georgia (to KH), West African Research Center (WARC) Travel Grant (to KH) and the Department of Entomology at the University of Georgia. NR 72 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PENSOFT PUBLISHERS PI SOFIA PA 12 PROF GEORGI ZLATARSKI ST, SOFIA, 1700, BULGARIA SN 1314-2836 EI 1314-2828 J9 BIODIVERS DATA J JI Biodiver. Data J. PD JAN 17 PY 2020 VL 8 AR E47340 DI 10.3897/BDJ.8.e47340 PG 42 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA KF9JR UT WOS:000509557500001 PM 32002014 OA DOAJ Gold, Green Published DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Hernandez, ASR Trull, TW Nodder, SD Flores, JA Bostock, H Abrantes, F Eriksen, RS Sierro, FJ Davies, DM Ballegeer, AM Fuertes, MA Northcote, LC AF Rigual Hernandez, Andres S. Trull, Thomas W. Nodder, Scott D. Flores, Jose A. Bostock, Helen Abrantes, Fatima Eriksen, Ruth S. Sierro, Francisco J. Davies, Diana M. Ballegeer, Anne-Marie Fuertes, Miguel A. Northcote, Lisa C. TI Coccolithophore biodiversity controls carbonate export in the Southern Ocean SO BIOGEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article ID POLAR FRONTAL ZONES; EMILIANIA-HUXLEYI; AUSTRALIAN SECTOR; GENETIC DIFFERENTIATION; IRON FERTILIZATION; FORAMINIFERAL FLUX; SEDIMENT TRAPS; PACIFIC SECTOR; NEW-ZEALAND; ACIDIFICATION AB Southern Ocean waters are projected to undergo profound changes in their physical and chemical properties in the coming decades. Coccolithophore blooms in the Southern Ocean are thought to account for a major fraction of the global marine calcium carbonate (CaCO3) production and export to the deep sea. Therefore, changes in the composition and abundance of Southern Ocean coccolithophore populations are likely to alter the marine carbon cycle, with feedbacks to the rate of global climate change. However, the contribution of coccolithophores to CaCO3 export in the Southern Ocean is uncertain, particularly in the circumpolar subantarctic zone that represents about half of the areal extent of the Southern Ocean and where coccolithophores are most abundant. Here, we present measurements of annual CaCO3 flux and quantitatively partition them amongst coccolithophore species and heterotrophic calcifiers at two sites representative of a large portion of the subantarctic zone. We find that coccolithophores account for a major fraction of the annual CaCO3 export, with the highest contributions in waters with low algal biomass accumulations. Notably, our analysis reveals that although Emiliania huxleyi is an important vector for CaCO3 export to the deep sea, less abundant but larger species account for most of the annual coccolithophore CaCO3 flux. This observation contrasts with the generally accepted notion that high particulate inorganic carbon accumulations during the austral summer in the subantarctic Southern Ocean are mainly caused by E. huxleyi blooms. It appears likely that the climate-induced migration of oceanic fronts will initially result in the poleward expansion of large coccolithophore species increasing CaCO3 production. However, subantarctic coccolithophore populations will eventually diminish as acidification overwhelms those changes. Overall, our analysis emphasizes the need for species-centred studies to improve our ability to project future changes in phytoplankton communities and their influence on marine biogeochemical cycles. C1 [Rigual Hernandez, Andres S.; Flores, Jose A.; Sierro, Francisco J.] Univ Salamanca, Dept Geol, Area Paleontol, E-37008 Salamanca, Spain. [Trull, Thomas W.; Eriksen, Ruth S.; Davies, Diana M.] CSIRO Oceans & Atmosphere Flagship, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia. [Trull, Thomas W.; Davies, Diana M.] Univ Tasmania, Antarctic Climate & Ecosyst Cooperat Res Ctr, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia. [Nodder, Scott D.; Bostock, Helen; Northcote, Lisa C.] Natl Inst Water & Atmospher Res, Wellington 6021, New Zealand. [Bostock, Helen] Univ Queensland, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. [Abrantes, Fatima] Portuguese Inst Sea & Atmosphere IPMA, Div Geol Marinha DivGM, Rua Alferedo Magalhaes Ramalho 6, Lisbon, Portugal. [Abrantes, Fatima] Univ Algarve, Ctr Ciencias Mar, CCMAR, Campus Gambelas, P-8005139 Faro, Portugal. [Eriksen, Ruth S.] Univ Tasmania, Inst Marine & Antarctic Studies, Private Bag 129, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia. [Ballegeer, Anne-Marie; Fuertes, Miguel A.] Univ Salamanca, Dept Didact Matemat & Ciencias Expt, E-37008 Salamanca, Spain. RP Hernandez, ASR (reprint author), Univ Salamanca, Dept Geol, Area Paleontol, E-37008 Salamanca, Spain. EM arigual@usal.es RI Sierro, Francisco/A-4714-2008; Rigual Hernandez, Andres Salvador/E-2041-2018 OI Sierro, Francisco/0000-0002-8647-456X; Rigual Hernandez, Andres Salvador/0000-0003-1521-3896 FU European UnionEuropean Union (EU) [748690 - SONAR-CO2] FX This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement number 748690 - SONAR-CO2 (Andres S. Rigual Hernandez, Jose A. Flores and Fatima Abrantes). NR 140 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1726-4170 EI 1726-4189 J9 BIOGEOSCIENCES JI Biogeosciences PD JAN 17 PY 2020 VL 17 IS 1 BP 245 EP 263 DI 10.5194/bg-17-245-2020 PG 19 WC Ecology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA KD9RL UT WOS:000508198600004 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Assari, S AF Assari, Shervin TI Association of Educational Attainment and Race/Ethnicity With Exposure to Tobacco Advertisement Among US Young Adults SO JAMA NETWORK OPEN LA English DT Article ID SMOKING-CESSATION INTERVENTIONS; DIRECT MAIL COUPONS; RACIAL/ETHNIC DISPARITIES; SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; HEALTH DISPARITIES; RACIAL DISPARITIES; MENTHOL CIGARETTES; CONTROL POLICIES; UNITED-STATES; ADOLESCENTS AB Question What are the associations of educational attainment with exposure to tobacco advertisements among racial/ethnic groups of young adults? Findings This cross-sectional study among 6700 US young adults found a weaker inverse association of educational attainment with exposure to tobacco advertisement among Hispanic young adults compared with non-Hispanic young adults. Meaning This finding suggests that elimination of racial/ethnic disparities in tobacco use may require more than equalizing educational attainment across racial/ethnic groups. This cross-sectional study examines the association of educational attainment with exposure to tobacco advertisements among diverse racial/ethnic groups of US young adults. Importance Associations of educational attainment with improved health outcomes have been found to be weaker among racial/ethnic minority groups compared with those among the racial/ethnic majority group. Recent research has also documented higher than expected prevalence of smoking in highly educated African American and Hispanic adults. Objective To compare the association of educational attainment with exposure to tobacco advertisements among racial/ethnic groups of US young adults. Design, Setting, and Participants This cross-sectional study included data from 6700 young adults who participated in wave 1 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study, a nationally representative survey of US adults in 2013. Educational attainment was classified as less than high school diploma, high school graduate, or college graduate. Analysis was conducted between September 20 and October 4, 2019. Main Outcomes and Measures The independent variable was educational attainment (less than high school diploma, high school graduate, and college graduate). The dependent variable was any exposure to tobacco advertisements in the past 12 months. Race/ethnicity, age, sex, poverty status, unemployment, and region were the covariates. Binary logistic and Poisson regression were used to analyze the data. Results The study included 6700 participants (3366 [50.2%] men) between ages 18 and 24 years. Most participants were non-Hispanic (5257 participants [78.9%]) and white (5394 participants [80.5%]), while 1443 participants (21.5%) were Hispanic. Educational levels included 1167 participants (17.4%) with less than a high school diploma, 4812 participants (71.8%) who were high school graduates, and 4812 participants (10.8%) who were college graduates. A total of 4728 participants (70.6%) reported exposure to tobacco advertisements in the past 12 months. Exposure to tobacco advertising was reported by 383 participants (53.1%) who were college graduates, 3453 participants (71.8%) who were high school graduates, and 892 participants (76.4%) with less than high school educational attainment. In regression analysis, high school graduation (odds ratio, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.68-0.92) and college graduation (odds ratio, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.39-0.54) were associated with lower odds of exposure to tobacco advertisements compared with young adults with lower educational attainment. Compared with non-Hispanic participants, high school education had a weaker protective association for tobacco advertisement exposure among Hispanic participants (odds ratio, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.03-2.01; P = .03), suggesting that the association of high school graduation with lower exposure to tobacco advertisement is weaker among Hispanic young adults than non-Hispanic young adults. Conclusions and Relevance This study found that high school graduation had a weaker inverse association with tobacco advertisement exposure among Hispanic than non-Hispanic young adults. Future research should explore the role of targeted marketing strategies of the tobacco industry that largely advertise tobacco in areas with high concentrations of racial/ethnic minority groups. Future research should also evaluate the efficacy of more restrictive marketing policies on racial/ethnic disparities in tobacco use. C1 [Assari, Shervin] Charles R Drew Univ Med & Sci, Dept Family Med, 1731 E 120th St, Los Angeles, CA 90059 USA. RP Assari, S (reprint author), Charles R Drew Univ Med & Sci, Dept Family Med, 1731 E 120th St, Los Angeles, CA 90059 USA. EM assari@umich.edu FU National Institutes of HealthUnited States Department of Health & Human ServicesNational Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA [U54CA229974, U54MD008149, R25MD007610, U54MD007598, U54TR001627, CA201415-02] FX Research reported in this article was supported by the National Institutes of Health (U54CA229974, U54MD008149, U54MD008149, R25MD007610, U54MD007598, U54TR001627, and CA201415-02). NR 89 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 2574-3805 J9 JAMA NETW OPEN JI JAMA Netw. Open PD JAN 17 PY 2020 VL 3 IS 1 DI 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.19393 PG 15 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA KD5TV UT WOS:000507929300001 PM 31951271 OA DOAJ Gold DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Kopnina, H AF Kopnina, Helen TI Education for the future? Critical evaluation of education for sustainable development goals SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Education for sustainable development; education for sustainable development goals; environmental education; sustainable development goals ID DEVELOPMENT ESD; ENVIRONMENTAL-EDUCATION; ECONOMIC-DEVELOPMENT; METAPHORS; VALUES; IF AB Building on the Millennium Development Goals, Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) and Education for Sustainable Development Goals (ESDG) were established. Despite the willingness of many educational institutions worldwide to embrace the SDGs, given escalating sustainability challenges, this article questions whether ESDG is desirable as "an education for the future". Many challenges outlined by the SDGs are supposed to be solved by "inclusive" or "sustainable" economic growth, assuming that economic growth can be conveniently decoupled from resource consumption. Yet, the current hegemony of the sustainability-through-growth paradigm has actually increased inequalities and pressure on natural resources, exacerbating biodiversity loss, climate change and resulting social tensions. With unreflective support for growth, far from challenging the status quo, the SDGs and consequently, the ESDGs, condone continuing environmental exploitation, depriving millions of species of their right to flourish, and impoverishing future generations. This article creates greater awareness of the paradoxes of sustainable development and encourages teaching for sustainability through various examples of alternative education that emphasizes planetary ethic and degrowth. The alternatives include Indigenous learning, ecopedagogy, ecocentric education, education for steady-state and circular economy, empowerment and liberation. C1 [Kopnina, Helen] Univ Amsterdam, Amsterdam Inst Adv Labour Studies, Plantage Muidergracht 12, NL-1018 TV Amsterdam, Netherlands. RP Kopnina, H (reprint author), Univ Amsterdam, Amsterdam Inst Adv Labour Studies, Plantage Muidergracht 12, NL-1018 TV Amsterdam, Netherlands. EM alenka1973@yahoo.com RI Kopnina, Helen/C-2997-2013 OI Kopnina, Helen/0000-0001-7617-2288 NR 82 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0095-8964 EI 1940-1892 J9 J ENVIRON EDUC JI J. Environ. Educ. DI 10.1080/00958964.2019.1710444 EA JAN 2020 PG 12 WC Education & Educational Research; Environmental Studies SC Education & Educational Research; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KE3XQ UT WOS:000508492800001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Parsons, SE Kerner, LM Frank, SD AF Parsons, Sarah E. Kerner, Leo M. Frank, Steven D. TI Effects of native and exotic congeners on diversity of invertebrate natural enemies, available spider biomass, and pest control services in residential landscapes SO BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Biological control; Native; Exotic; Urban landscape; Biodiversity ID HELICOVERPA-ZEA LEPIDOPTERA; INVASIVE PLANTS; ALIEN PLANTS; HOVERFLIES DIPTERA; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; INSECTARY PLANTS; NOCTUIDAE EGGS; URBAN; HERBIVORY; MANAGEMENT AB Exotic plants are common in urban landscapes and are often planted by landscape managers in an effort to reduce herbivory damage and improve landscape aesthetics. However, exotic plants may be less palatable to many native insects and reduce herbivore biomass that may fuel higher trophic levels. Furthermore, a loss of herbivores in exotic ornamental landscapes may reduce top-down control by natural enemies. In this study, we compare herbivory in native and exotic congener ornamental landscapes. We also explore if caterpillar abundance, natural enemy abundance, diversity, community composition, spider biomass, and egg predation differ between the two landscape types. We predicted that herbivory, as well as natural enemy abundance and predation would be greater in native landscapes. Although we found that leaf area lost to herbivory was greater in native plots in one of the collection years, this relationship was weak. Natural enemy diversity differed between landscape types, but depended on plant genus. The relationship between plant origin and natural enemy diversity was also weak. Caterpillar abundance, natural enemy community composition, spider biomass, and predation services did not differ between treatments. Overall, our results suggest that ornamental landscapes planted in native plants may not differ from landscapes planted in exotic congeners in the pest management and conservation services they provide, particularly with regard to invertebrate natural enemies. However, our findings cannot be used to make more general claims about plant origin, especially with regard to native plants and non-congeners, as we only compared ornamental landscapes with native plants and their exotic congeners in this study. We conclude that for optimizing natural enemy diversity and biomass on city landscapes, plant choice and other plant traits may be as important as plant origin to consider. Our work demonstrates that both native and exotic congener ornamental landscapes provide valuable ecosystem services and will help guide landscape design that serves both the people and wildlife that use them. C1 [Parsons, Sarah E.; Kerner, Leo M.; Frank, Steven D.] North Carolina State Univ, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, 100 Derieux Pl, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Parsons, SE (reprint author), North Carolina State Univ, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, 100 Derieux Pl, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM separson@ncsu.edu FU United States Geological SurveyUnited States Geological Survey [G15AP00153]; Southeast Climate Adaptation Science Center graduate fellowship; Office of Undergraduate Research at NC State University; North Carolina State University Department of Entomology FX We thank Matt Greenstone, Mary Cornelius, Dawn Gundersen-Rindal with USDAARS-BARC for sharing their plots with us at the U.S. Arboretum and providing helpful advice and thoughts along the way. We thank Tom Wentworth, George Hess, and Michael Reiskind, who provided helpful guidance on this journey. We also thank Elsa Youngsteadt, Emily Griffith, and Michael Just for statistical guidance and feedback. We thank Matt Bertone, who provided helpful identification advice, as well as Annemarie Nagle, Leo Kerner, Cat Crofton, Ian McAreavy, Danielle Schmidt, Nicole Bissonnette, Aimee Dalsimer, Janis Arrojado, Kelly Harris, Logan Tyson, Doua Jim Lor, Tommy Pleasant, Anna Holmquist and all of the dedicated lab members who helped collect and analyze data for this project. This project was supported, in part, by Cooperative Agreement no. G15AP00153 from the United States Geological Survey. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Department of the Interior Southeast Climate Adaptation Science Center or the USGS. Funding for this work was also provided by the Southeast Climate Adaptation Science Center graduate fellowship awarded to S.E.P. The North Carolina State University Department of Entomology also contributed support for this research, as well as the Office of Undergraduate Research at NC State University. NR 87 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0960-3115 EI 1572-9710 J9 BIODIVERS CONSERV JI Biodivers. Conserv. DI 10.1007/s10531-020-01932-8 EA JAN 2020 PG 22 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KD3WZ UT WOS:000507800300001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Crystal-Ornelas, R Lockwood, JL AF Crystal-Ornelas, Robert Lockwood, Julie L. TI The 'known unknowns' of invasive species impact measurement SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Invasion ecology; Systematic review; Invasive species impacts; Ecological impacts ID BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; ECOLOGICAL IMPACTS; PLANTS; BIODIVERSITY; METAANALYSIS; CONSEQUENCES; COMMUNITIES; HYPOTHESES; RICHNESS; DYNAMICS AB There are thousands of case studies documenting invasive species' impacts and these have led to the development of over 30 hypotheses that describe how invasions occur and their impacts manifest. The proliferation of invasion hypotheses over the decades has spurred several efforts to identify conceptual overlap and increase clarity of impact mechanism in the field. What is still lacking, however, is a comprehensive accounting of the evidence base on invasive species impacts, especially in regard to the biological scales, temporal scales, and taxonomic groups that receive research. Identifying the 'known unknowns' of empirical invasion impact research serves a critical function in the effort to evaluate support for existing hypotheses and generate novel hypotheses. We built a taxonomically and geographically comprehensive database of over 1500 research articles that report measures of invasive species' ecological impacts published over the past 18 years (1999-2016). We found that, field-wide, published measures of invasive species' impacts are highly skewed toward those measured at the population or community-level with scarce information on impacts at other biological scales (e.g., physiology, behavior). We also show that existing impact evidence stems most often from one-off studies of single invasive species. Yet, even for species that receive consistent attention, impacts have rarely been documented across more than one biological scale, beyond very short time periods, or in several ecosystems. In order to predict and anticipate how impacts manifest in a variety of temporal and biological contexts, the evidence base informing existing invasion hypotheses must become more integrative both within and across publications. C1 [Crystal-Ornelas, Robert; Lockwood, Julie L.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Nat Resources, Sch Environm & Biol Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. [Crystal-Ornelas, Robert] Univ Calif Davis, Bodega Marine Lab, 2099 Westside Rd, Bodega Bay, CA USA. RP Crystal-Ornelas, R (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Nat Resources, Sch Environm & Biol Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. EM robcrystalornelas@gmail.com; julie.lockwood@rutgers.edu OI Crystal-Ornelas, Robert/0000-0002-6339-1139 FU Rutgers University Ecology and Evolution grant FX R.C.O was funded by a Rutgers University Ecology and Evolution grant. NR 67 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 10 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3547 EI 1573-1464 J9 BIOL INVASIONS JI Biol. Invasions DI 10.1007/s10530-020-02200-0 EA JAN 2020 PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KD3SG UT WOS:000507788000001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Duval, BD Curtsinger, HD Hands, A Martin, J McLaren, JR Cadol, DD AF Duval, Benjamin D. Curtsinger, Heather D. Hands, Aubrey Martin, Jamie McLaren, Jennie R. Cadol, Daniel D. TI Greenhouse gas emissions and extracellular enzyme activity variability during decomposition of native versus invasive riparian tree litter SO PLANT ECOLOGY LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Litter decomposition; Greenhouse gases; Invasive species; Extracellular enzymes; Nitrogen cycling; Riparian ID ELAEAGNUS-ANGUSTIFOLIA; NITROGEN DEPOSITION; PLANT DIVERSITY; SOIL; RIVER; BIODIVERSITY; COMPETITION; GRASSES; FOREST; AREA AB Invasive plants alter riparian vegetation communities and shift biogeochemical processes by changing decomposition rates and the soil chemical environment created by leaf litter. It is unclear if this mechanism shifts nutrient dynamics favoring invasive dominance; riparian areas in the Southwestern USA invaded by salt cedar and Russian olive often still host mixed stands of native plants. To test the hypothesis that invasive plant success is related to altered litter inputs, microbial activity and nutrient cycling, we performed laboratory incubations examining greenhouse gas emissions and microbial extracellular enzyme activity (EEA). The responses of GHG flux and EAA were measured from decomposing translocated litter from native and invasive woody perennials between soils where they were growing. Litter decomposition from two invasive species (salt cedar and Russian olive) and two native trees (coyote willow and Fremont cottonwood) were tracked for 3 months. Soil respiration, carbon content and EEA were all more closely related to soil origin than leaf litter species. The highest decomposition rate was from willow soil. Soil nitrate at the end of the experiment was highest for soils collected under cottonwood. Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions were significantly greater from Russian olive litter than other species, on all soil types. Patterns observed here suggest that (1) plant influences on local soil properties over the lifetime of a plant have a greater control on decomposition processes than short-term litter input source, (2) EEA is strongly related to available C resources, and (3) the invasive shrub Russian olive may be responsible for previously undocumented large N2O emissions in riparian systems in the USA. C1 [Duval, Benjamin D.; Curtsinger, Heather D.; Hands, Aubrey; Martin, Jamie] New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Biol Dept, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. [McLaren, Jennie R.] Univ Texas El Paso, Dept Biol Sci, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. [Cadol, Daniel D.] New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Earth & Environm Sci Dept, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. RP Duval, BD (reprint author), New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Biol Dept, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. EM benjamin.duval@nmt.edu FU U.S. EPA Clean Water Act, Section 106 Grant [17 667 1210 0003] FX This study was funded from a U.S. EPA Clean Water Act, Section 106 Grant to the New Mexico Environment Department (Memorandum of Agreement with New Mexico Tech, Contract ID 17 667 1210 0003). NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1385-0237 EI 1573-5052 J9 PLANT ECOL JI Plant Ecol. DI 10.1007/s11258-020-01003-6 EA JAN 2020 PG 13 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA KD3UO UT WOS:000507794000001 DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU Lopes, M Frison, PL Durant, SM Buhne, HST Ipavec, A Lapeyre, V Pettorelli, N AF Lopes, Mailys Frison, Pierre-Louis Durant, Sarah M. to Buhne, Henrike Schulte Ipavec, Audrey Lapeyre, Vincent Pettorelli, Nathalie TI Combining optical and radar satellite image time series to map natural vegetation: savannas as an example SO REMOTE SENSING IN ECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Data combination; natural vegetation classification; satellite image time series; savanna; Sentinel-1; Sentinel-2 ID REMOTE-SENSING DATA; LAND-COVER CLASSIFICATION; FUSION; CROPLAND; REGION AB Up-to-date land cover maps are important for biodiversity monitoring as they are central to habitat and ecosystem distribution assessments. Satellite remote sensing is a key technology for generating these maps. Until recently, land cover mapping has been limited to static approaches, which have primarily led to the production of either global maps at coarse spatial resolutions or geographically restricted maps at high spatial resolutions. The recent availability of optical (Sentinel-2) and radar (Sentinel-1) satellite image time series (SITS) which provide access to high spatial and very high temporal resolutions, is a game changer, offering opportunities to map land cover using both temporal and spatial information. These data moreover open interesting perspectives for land cover mapping based on data combination approach. However, the usefulness of combining dense time series (more than 30 images per year) and data combination approaches to map natural vegetation has so far not been assessed. To address this gap, this contribution tests the idea that the combined consideration of optical and radar data combination and time series analyses can significantly improve natural vegetation mapping in the Pendjari National Park, a Sahelian savanna protected area in Benin. Results highlight that the combination of Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 SITS performs as well as Sentinel-2 SITS alone in terms of classification accuracy. Land cover maps are however qualitatively better when considering the data combination approach. Our results also clearly show that the use of dense/hypertemporal optical time series significantly improves classification outcomes compared to using multitemporal only a few images per year) or monotemporal data. Altogether, this work thus demonstrates the ability of dense SITS to improve discrimination of natural vegetation types using information on their phenology, leading to more detailed and more reliable maps for environmental management. C1 [Lopes, Mailys; Durant, Sarah M.; to Buhne, Henrike Schulte; Ipavec, Audrey; Pettorelli, Nathalie] Zool Soc London, Inst Zool, London, England. [Lopes, Mailys] Univ Toulouse, INRA, DYNAFOR, Castanet Tolosan, France. [Lopes, Mailys; Frison, Pierre-Louis] Univ Paris Est, IGN, LaSTIG, Marne La Vallee, France. [Lapeyre, Vincent] Zool Soc London, Conservat Programmes, London, England. RP Pettorelli, N (reprint author), Zool Soc London, Inst Zool, London, England. EM nathalie.pettorelli@ioz.ac.uk FU AgreenSkills+ fellowship programme from the EU's Seventh Framework ProgrammeEuropean Union (EU) [FP7-609398]; Toulouse-INP international mobility grant (SMI) FX This publication has been written with the support of the AgreenSkills+ fellowship programme which has received funding from the EU's Seventh Framework Programme under grant agreement No FP7-609398 (AgreenSkills + contract) and with the support of a Toulouse-INP international mobility grant (SMI). NR 59 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA EI 2056-3485 J9 REMOTE SENS ECOL CON JI Remote Sens. Ecol. Conserv. DI 10.1002/rse2.139 EA JAN 2020 PG 11 WC Ecology; Remote Sensing SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing GA KD3JS UT WOS:000507765800001 OA DOAJ Gold, Green Published DA 2020-02-20 ER PT J AU De Raymond, AB AF De Raymond, Antoine Bernard TI Aligning Competing Risks? Global Food Security as a Trade-Offs-Based Approach to Risk and Food Policy SO SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY AND SOCIETY LA English DT Article; Early Access DE Food security; risk; sustainable intensification; dynamic policy ID 9 BILLION; BIODIVERSITY; LAND; PERSPECTIVE AB Since the 2008 food price crisis, many initiatives have emerged at the intersection between scientific, economic, humanitarian and political fields with a view to 'feeding 9 billion human beings in 2050' and to taking up the global food security challenge. Those initiatives have often been criticised for promoting a neo-productivist agenda. By studying the case of the UK Global Food Security programme, this article shows that 'Global Food Security' approaches not only re-legitimise production as such, but also looks to invent new ways of confronting production issues with health and/ or environmental issues, and thus of setting priorities. Potentially, this has major consequences for food policy and risk regulation. From this point of view, the UK GFS programme has become part of a movement which goes far beyond food security or agricultural issues as such. This movement includes balancing principles of protection with economic imperatives. Whilst other approaches (such as agroecology) look for integration between these different objectives, this approach is trying to achieve coexistence between objectives perceived to be contradictory. It assumes that sustainability can only be achieved at a global level, and that science must provide the right tools to constantly find the right trade-off between competing objectives. I conclude by discussing how this approach pertains to a re-structuring of capitalism towards an extractive economy, the related forms of regulation and the challenges of this approach for social critique. C1 [De Raymond, Antoine Bernard] Univ Paris 09, Irisso, Pl Marechal Lattre de Tassigny, F-75775 Paris 16, France. RP De Raymond, AB (reprint author), Univ Paris 09, Irisso, Pl Marechal Lattre de Tassigny, F-75775 Paris 16, France. EM antoine.deraymond@inra.fr FU Agence Nationale de la RechercheFrench National Research Agency (ANR) [ANR-13-JSH1-0008] FX This research was supported by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche research grant ANR-13-JSH1-0008. NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INDIA PVT LTD PI NEW DELHI PA B-1-I-1 MOHAN CO-OPERATIVE INDUSTRIAL AREA, MATHURA RD, POST BAG NO 7, NEW DELHI 110 044, INDIA SN 0971-7218 EI 0973-0796 J9 SCI TECHNOL SOC JI Sci. Technol. Soc. AR UNSP 0971721819889917 DI 10.1177/0971721819889917 EA JAN 2020 PG 19 WC Management SC Business & Economics GA KD6HW UT WOS:000507966700001 DA 2020-02-20 ER EF