Conocimiento de médicos generales y pediatras de Bucaramanga sobre la detección temprana de la ambliopía

Abstract

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the general knowledge and pediatrics of Bucaramanga on the early detection of amblyopia in 2018. Methodology: A qualitative descriptive study was used with an intentional sampling, with homogeneous samples, since a small population with similar characteristics, in this case, 10 general practitioners and 10 pediatric doctors from the city of Bucaramanga to whom the semi-structured examinations were carried out. The methodological design of Taylor and Bogdan was used for the analysis of the interviews. Results: General practitioners do not have the academic methodology that allows the diagnosis of amblyopia, which is explained by the absence of specific training spaces in visual health in the curriculum of medical schools, as well as the lack of practice spaces for the approach to the subject. These two elements are reflected in the clinical practice of physicians in their professional practice, which has no relation to the academic selection does not have the necessary tools for the early detection of amblyopia. They found misconceptions of the same, lack of consensus on the appropriate age for the realization of the visual assessment, as well as imaginary related to the evaluation and referral. These difficulties are aggravated given the context of the Colombian health system, because in daily practice, professionals do not have the necessary technological resources for the required care. Conclusions: The most relevant findings are concentrated in the fact that there is a lack of knowledge of the professionals interviewed in relation to the meaning of amblyopia, the key aspects for its early detection, as well as for the timely management. In general, it is identified that the people interviewed do not know the Clinical Practice Guideline for the prevention, early detection, diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of amblyopia in children under , which explains the lack of homogeneity and knowledge about remission criteria and age of assessment.