Semillero de investigación : alteraciones que producen el ciclo hielo-deshielo y los ataques por sulfato en el concreto

Abstract

In Boyacá, as in Colombia and the world, environmental factors vary according to geographical, climatic characteristics, location, hydrography, soil, among others. Some of them, are affecting the durability of concrete. In recent years, research has been carried out in this regard, where each of these have obtained some solutions to the problem that afflicts them. Taking this into account, the need to collect this information is seen, to elaborate a classification, analyze and understand these alterations, in accordance with what has been studied in the department in question.

The general objective of the present investigation is to analyze the different investigations carried out of the alterations that produce the ice-thaw cycle and the sulfate attacks in the durability of the concrete, focusing on the municipality of Tunja of the department of Boyacá. To fulfill this purpose, a descriptive-documentary methodology with a qualitative approach was used, based on the state of the art as a means of data collection, through thesis, articles, among others, which were studied, taking relevant information that was placed in a bibliographic matrix (see annex).

After analyzing the research compiled, it was determined that the concrete when attacked by sulfate, presents cracking, detachment and loss of resistance, which cause considerable damage to the structure. As for the ice-thaw, there is an expansion of the pores of the concrete, causing swelling and detachment of the concrete, agreeing this situation with the studies carried out in the local area. For such affectation, it is recommended to use the appropriate cement, according to the characteristics of the area, in the same way, the appropriate volume of water should be used in the mixture, since a large amount of water decreases the strength of the concrete. When using additives, they must be of quality and certified.