Propuesta de diseño de una ludoteca infantil en el Barrio Álvarez de Bucaramanga

Abstract

The object of this research work was the architectural design of a toy library in the Álvarez neighbourhood of the city of Bucaramanga. The project follow this methodology: First, an analysis, a synthesis and a design were established, based on Edwin Haramoto. Next, a timeline was prepared, showing the beginnings of the toy libraries in countries such as the United States, Great Britain, Switzerland, Australia and their appearance in Colombia. Also, the types of toy libraries, services, activities, resources and materials used, as well as methods of air conditioning were investigated. The concepts of Peter Zumthor and Steven Holl, the linking of phenomenology with architecture and the analysis of the Supentine Gallery Pavilion by Peter Zumthor were studied. In the national context, the typology of the David Sánchez Juliao Bibliopark in Monteria was analyzed and at the international level the Ecopolis Plaza in Spain was considered. Architectural designs by Peter Zumthor and Steven Holl were also taken into account. Finally, the programmatic block and the study of spaces were carried out. As part of the analysis, the population of the Álvarez neighborhood was studied and it was proposed that the project would accommodate children aged 7 to 12 years. Subsequently, the most appropriate activities for children in the established age range were consulted. Finally, the design criteria were established based on the concepts of light, space and materials that would be used in the proposal. Next, the lot was recognized, the urban context of the sector was studied and the project was located within a green axis. The study also analysed the circulation of pedestrians, the vegetation of the neighbourhood, the active and passive streets, the closest bus stops and the level of sunning. With all of the above, the formal development of the project was entered. As part of the synthesis, the design of the toy library was based on the topography of the lot: DISEÑO DE UNA LUDOTECA INFANTIL 14 the axes and volumes, the opening to the public space, the gaps for lighting and the architectural program, which led to the design of a block with three levels. The final design of the building was as follows: at the entrance a large hall is located, and then a ramp connection to the ground floor is in place to solve the topography problem of the terrain. On the ground floor, there is access to public spaces where active games are located; there is also an entrance to a place where an internal and an external gallery is installed. On the first floor, there are educational rooms and a large boardroom with a hanging net. And on the third floor, the user finds a multifunctional room and an area of administrative spaces. Finally, the proposal took into account three fundamental aspects: the light, the open and closed spaces and the materials for the construction of the building. The light was an essential element in the design of the building, for which three elements were taken into account: the first, the deck with serial planes of colours that reflect shadows inside the building's ramps; the second, the movable slats on the facades and the third, the windows for the interior and exterior relationship of the building. The open and closed spaces were designed with heights of 8 meters. Finally, local materials such as concrete, white paint, soft areas and green areas were chosen in relation to their context. Keywords: ludoteca, education, spaces, light, materials, phenomenology.