Aplicación de una metodología de evaluación multicriterio integrada a un proceso de análisis y modelamiento geoespacial como herramienta para fortalecer la participación ciudadana enfocado en la densificación del uso del suelo. Caso de estudio zona normativa Ciudadela del municipio de Bucaramanga.

Abstract

Citizen participation is necessary for the strengthening of territorial governance by improving the dynamics of the actors involved in territorial planning, but many times, low citizen participation is a product of the government's lack of interest in promoting active citizen participation and a vision for short-term work of territorial institutions, which prevents citizens from participating in decision-making and losing confidence in the instruments of citizen participation and in institutions linked to land use planning. The purpose of the research is to apply an integrated multi-criteria evaluation methodology to a geospatial analysis and modeling process as a tool to strengthen citizen participation focused on the densification of land use in the Ciudadela regulatory area of the municipality of Bucaramanga. The research focused on the application of the hierarchical analytical process, the enlistment of the vector layers and the geospatial processing and analysis for the identification of properties that allow densifying land use. The AH. Hierarchical Analytical Process and its integration into a geospatial analysis and modeling process allowed representing value judgments in numerical data and describing the reality of a sector of the city of Bucaramanga, by means of a geospatial model based on physical variables, economic, political and social. As results of the application of the AHP, a hierarchy of organized sub-criteria was obtained from the vector of the weights. For geospatial analysis and modeling, it was possible to generate thematic maps of slopes, land areas, public transport, buildability and land value, and a map was generated to identify the location of land with characteristics classified as excellent, good, regular and bad according to the ideal point L2. In conclusion, it is recognized that the integration of the multicriteria evaluation methodology to a geospatial analysis and modeling process proved to be a flexible, scalable tool that facilitates the interpretation of phenomena and dynamics in complex problems of land use planning. The applied methodology is a useful tool to strengthen citizen participation and be applied in the instruments of land use. On the other hand, the application of the AHP shows versatility by allowing the manipulation of a considerable amount of variables and the quality of the data is linked to the sources of information used. Finally, the absence of these methodologies would increase the level of complexity to carry out the processes and the interpretation of phenomena and dynamics, making it more difficult to obtain and interpret results.