La Modernización del Ejército Nacional, una Respuesta a la Consecución de la Paz en el Ámbito Interno y las Misiones de Paz de la ONU

Abstract

This document analyzes the situation and the antecedents in the context prior to modernization until 2010, analyzing the different factors and origins of the violence and the different armed groups, making a review and balance of the murdered people, massacres, displaced people, victims of kidnapping, among others, all of the above denoted a tension between the concept of security and the protection of Human Rights, but at the same time encompassing the new concept of security adopted by the UN and the European Union that was accepted and linked to the American context.

The antecedent of violence in the country and the different situations of the conflict, generated in the country a difficult situation regarding the complaints of Human Rights violations, which served as antecedents of the modernization of the Army, said modernization is analyzed from the perspective from Washington's concept of national security, where the conflict generated by the Cold War between the two powers, the United States and the Soviet Union, is observed, until the fall of the Berlin Wall, the opening of markets and the fall of the USSR.

All of the above, and at the end of the Cold War and the new security concepts, led to the integral evaluation of the doctrine, first analyzed as a concept and later studying its implications in the transformation of Military Doctrine in Colombia.

Said transformed Doctrine, called by the Colombian Army as the Damascus Doctrine, whose genesis comes from 2011 as part of the Strategic Review and Innovation Committee, is approached comprehensively, since it incorporates concepts such as planning by capabilities and mission-type command, for mention some of its many aspects. These new concepts allowed the Army to develop new roles and missions that go hand in hand with this new type of human security, which implies for military personnel, the development of military operations not only of attack and defense, but also aimed at developing , environment and new threats that were not part of the concept of national security.

Finally, he suggests that as a result of the modernization of the Force, and by virtue of these new options presented by modernization, in the midst of the Damascus Doctrine, the Colombian Army can increase its participation in military operations at the international level, particularly in Peace Operations, under the command of the United Nations, which would lead to, after all this conflict and after the signing of the peace treaty, added to the vast experience throughout more than fifty years of struggle, allow a greater participation of the Army in the international context and a benchmark for a country that overcame the conflict and provides aid to other countries in the world.