Caracterización de lesiones deportivas en el porrismo en equipos universitarios de la Universidad Militar, Universidad Libre y Universidad Santo Tomas de la ciudad de Bogotá.

Abstract

In Cheerleading sport, as in other sports, by training and competence requirements, athletes are often exposed to injury, for this reason this study was performed with college students to know the characteristics of sport injuries in terms of mechanism of injury, type of injury, prevalence and sociodemographic data of the cheerleading teams in Militar, Libre and Santo Tomas Universities, from Bogotá city. The study presented is a descriptive investigation (non-experimental) that includes quantitative and qualitative methods. First, a search was performed in various electronic databases and specialized texts on the subject of sports injuries and the Cheerleading-related research, consolidating the theoretical foundation that has provided an approach to the characterization of the sports injury in this sport at college level. Second, a survey was addressed to 41 athletes of all the teams and both sexes, which included variables of interest, such as: socio-demographic data, causes of injury, prevalence, rehabilitation, sports injuries, and training. The data were tabulated using SPSS15.0, containing basal tables and a table of results. In addition, an interview was conducted with coaches and athletes belonging to the selected college cheerleading teams, obtaining relevant information according to the objectives of the work. According to the results 70.7% has suffered some kind of injury; 46.3% had 1-2 injury; 63.4% presented lesions in the pre-competitive period; 36.6% had injuries in the item of qualification of gymnastics and 22% in the partner-stunt item; sprains was the most frequent injury and represented 42.9%; in 33.3% affected the knees; 36.6% had complied with the time of incapacity; 63.6% ended with the recovery process. Although it is not conclusive for this study the 51.2% says that the place of training conditions are not appropriate; the level of education of coaches has not impact although 97.6% of the athletes know it; 97.6% performed warm-up and stretching during training and hydrate before, during and after it, so it would not be cause of injury. In conclusion, it was found that there is a prevalence of injury between 1 and 2, with a tendency to the lesion in the pre-competitive time, in the item of gymnastics occur more injuries, the most common type of injury is the sprain (ankles and knees), and in the mechanism of injury most are indirect trauma and the risk factor for injury is over training.