Diseño de Material Educativo para la Comunicación entre Optómetras y Pacientes con Diversidad Funcional Auditiva, en el Marco del Proceso de Atención Clínica en Optometría

Abstract

Objective: to design educational materials that facilitate communication between optometrists and patients with auditory functional diversity during the optometry consultation. Methodology: Qualitative study of co-design type based on experience, the participants were selected by means of a technique of intentional sampling and snowball. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with the study population (optometrists, persons with functional hearing diversity and interpreters) taking into account categories such as; life experiences, barriers, and facilitating tools for visual health care. Likewise, the clinical history tests and the transcription of the interviews were analyzed for the design of the material. Results: from the analysis performed, two categories emerge: The first, consists of the ignorance of health professionals, using tools and strategies to facilitate communication with the target population. The second refers to positive experiences related to communication practices focused on guaranteeing the right to health. Regarding the construction of the design of the material, strategies for the proper management of people with functional hearing diversity were taken into account, recognizing the importance of visual health personnel being trained in Colombian sign language. For this reason, it was determined that the most appropriate visual strategy for the design of the material is through interactive videos, showing the sign corresponding to specific questions during the consultation of optometry. Conclusions: the analysis of the research shows the shortage of interactive materials, and the lack of education on the part of Colombian sign health professionals, Being this, one of the main barriers to the establishment of effective communication.