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La impugnación especial en el sistema penal acusatorio colombiano
(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2026-08-26) Pérez Félix, Didier Camilo; Gutiérrez Corrales, Ramón Enrique; Riveros Cruz, Julián Leonardo; Universidd Santo Tomás; https://scienti.minciencias.gov.co/cvlac/visualizador/generarCurriculoCv.do?cod_rh=0000141243; https://scholar.google.com/citations?hl=es&authuser=1&user=_zUBfAcAAAAJ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4890-7539
This paper will examine the practical problems that have arisen in the Colombian accusatory criminal justice system with the introduction of the special appeal process as a guarantee of the principle of double jeopardy. To this end, a qualitative research approach will be adopted, through which the circumstances in which the lengthy timeframes for action by the Supreme Court of Justice of Colombia represent a detriment to individuals who expect their legal proceedings to be resolved promptly and accurately, with the aim of obtaining compensation for damages and losses unjustly incurred.
Análisis de la viabilidad técnica, comercial y económica de un emprendimiento de chocolate de mesa artesanal elaborado con cacao de origen para la generación de valor agregado en familias cacaocultoras de Vista Hermosa, Meta.
(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2026-08-26) Pinilla Gutiérrez, Cristian David; Ulloa Rubio, Juliana Andrea; Rojas Alonso, Joyce Smith; Universidad Santo Tomás; https://scienti.minciencias.gov.co/cvlac/visualizador/generarCurriculoCv.do?cod_rh=0001650647; https://scholar.google.es/citations?hl=es&user=lXAzZw4AAAAJ; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2300-4296
The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of an agro-industrial venture focused on the production of artisanal drinking chocolate as a value-added strategy for cocoa-producing families in the municipality of Vista Hermosa, Meta, Colombia. The research adopted a mixed-methods approach with a descriptive scope and a non-experimental design, integrating qualitative and quantitative information collected through semi-structured interviews with cocoa producers, surveys administered to potential consumers, and a documentary review of technical and scientific literature related to cocoa agro-industrial processing. The first stage involved the characterization of the socioeconomic and productive conditions of cocoa-producing families, revealing extensive farming experience, availability of raw materials, and a strong interest in participating in value-added processing activities. However, the study also identified the need for technical training, organizational strengthening, and access to specialized equipment. Subsequently, the technical requirements and production process for artisanal drinking chocolate were described, establishing a production model adapted to a rural agro-industrial microenterprise using appropriate small-scale technologies and technical parameters that ensure product quality. The market analysis revealed a high level of consumer acceptance of artisanal drinking chocolate, characterized by frequent consumption habits, willingness to purchase, and positive perceptions regarding attributes such as cocoa origin, sensory quality, artisanal production, and sustainability. Direct marketing channels were also identified as one of the most promising alternatives for product commercialization. Finally, the economic evaluation showed favorable conditions for the financial sustainability of the venture. The analysis of the cost structure, contribution margin, break-even point, profitability scenarios, financing structure, and projected cash flow showed positive results under the established assumptions, indicating that transforming cocoa into artisanal drinking chocolate represents an economically viable alternative for generating added value and strengthening the income of cocoa-producing families in Vista Hermosa.
El cooperativismo como modelo empresarial para fortalecer la competitividad del sector agropecuario en el Departamento del Meta
(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2026-08-25) Figueroa Pérez, Camilo Eduardo; Gutiérrez Rendon, Kevin Daniel; Pérez, Amable José; Universidad Santo Tómás; https://scienti.minciencias.gov.co/cvlac/visualizador/generarCurriculoCv.do?cod_rh=0001692588&lang=es; https://scholar.google.es/scholar?hl=es&as_sdt=0%2C5&q=Amable+Jos%C3%A9+P%C3%A9rez&oq=Ama; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9777-9297
Cooperativism consolidates as a business model that strengthens producers’ organization and promotes democratic management, improving competitiveness in the agricultural sector through the integration of value chains, market access, innovation, and value creation. In this framework, the monograph develops a systematization of experiences by integrating a specialized literature review with the learning outcomes derived from the International Deepening Seminar held in Brazil (academic visits to cooperatives, agribusinesses, and sector-related institutions). The analysis contrasts the theoretical foundations of cooperativism with observable practices related to governance, coordination across value-chain stages, technical support, sustainability, and productive integration. The findings show that cooperativism enhances competitiveness by articulating producers, improving organizational efficiency, and enabling economies of scale and market access. Finally, the study identifies opportunities to adapt these experiences to the Department of Meta, noting that impact depends on efficient management, innovation, and strengthened associativism.
Derecho penal y un bisturí: entre el azar, la temeridad y el engaño
(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2026-08-25) Carrillo Galavis, Leonardo; Ramírez Flórez, María Fernanda; Riveros Cruz, Julian Leonardo; Universidad Santo Tómás; https://scienti.minciencias.gov.co/cvlac/visualizador/generarCurriculoCv.do?cod_rh=0000141243; https://scholar.google.com/citations?hl=es&authuser=1&user=_zUBfAcAAAAJ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4890-7539
Clandestine medical practice raises a question for criminal law that is as uncomfortable as it is decisive: when does the conscious creation of a risk to life cease to constitute negligence and begin to amount to intent? The answer cannot be found solely in the clandestine nature of the activity, the inadequate conditions of the facility, or the seriousness of the resulting harm, since doing so would effectively turn the objectively created risk into sufficient proof of the agent’s subjective relationship with the injury or death, thereby approaching concealed forms of strict liability. On this premise, this research reconstructs the principal ontological and normative conceptions of intent and examines the difficult boundary between dolus eventualis and advertent negligence in the context of clandestine medical and aesthetic procedures, focusing on the agent’s stance toward the foreseen result. The study argues that these cases do not admit a single solution: an intervention may remain within the realm of advertent negligence where the agent, despite foreseeing the result, trusts that it can be avoided; dolus eventualis may arise from the initial active conduct where the agent foresees the realization of the prohibited result as probable and leaves its non-occurrence to chance; or, once the risk subsequently materializes, the conduct may constitute an autonomous omission capable of supporting intentional liability, provided that the legal requirements for commission by omission are satisfied.
¿Nuevas normas o viejos conceptos? El acoso laboral en el entorno digital
(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2026-08-24) Jiménez Cañaveral, Rodian Duvan; Sarria Barrios, Yeison Andrés; Naranjo Urrea, Paula; Universidad Santo Tómás; https://scienti.minciencias.gov.co/cvlac/visualizador/generarCurriculoCv.do?cod_rh=0002120442; https://scholar.google.com/citations?hl=es&user=q1oChCEAAAAJ; https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6870-4070
The digital transformation of employment relationships has redefined the ways in which managerial authority and subordination are exercised, shifting a significant portion of work performance to virtual environments where new forms of workplace harassment have emerged, including cyberbullying, digital ostracism, disproportionate technological surveillance, and violations of the right to disconnect. However, the Colombian legal framework, which was largely designed around a traditional in-person model of work, presents significant limitations in preventing, sanctioning, and effectively remedying these forms of misconduct. These shortcomings reveal regulatory gaps in relation to the standards established by the International Labour Organization’s Convention No. 190, evidentiary challenges arising from the employer’s control over technological infrastructure, and institutional weaknesses in internal prevention mechanisms. Against this background, this research examines whether the Colombian legal system provides adequate protection against workplace harassment in digital environments and proposes a systematic reinterpretation of the existing legal framework, together with legislative and institutional reforms aimed at ensuring effective protection of workers’ dignity, mental health, and fundamental rights within the digital economy.