Concordancia de lesiones periapicales simuladas en mandíbulas de cerdo y analizadas mediante radiografías periapicales y CBCT

Abstract

Introduction: In endodontics, the identification and interpretation of periapical lesions is of utmost importance, since it allows us to make an adequate diagnosis and therefore a more precise treatment. Stelzer and Bender in 1961 determined that for an apical lesion to be seen in a periapical radiograph, it must have a progress percentage between 30 and 50% and there must already be destruction of the bone cortex, therefore, incipient lesions have a high probability of not being detected in time. Objectives: To determine the concordance of simulated periapical lesions in pig jaws analyzed by digital periapical radiographs and CBCT. Methodology: An in vitro analytical observational study was carried out from simulated lesions in 10 pig jaws which were sectioned by pairs of teeth, having a total of 80 blocks, of which only 40 met the previously established selection criteria, this being the sample used to conduct the study. After being labeled, 20 of these blocks simulated apical lesions (making cavities) with the number 1 burr (1.4 mm) and in the other half (20) with the number 4 burr (2.2 mm); to later be analyzed by periapical radiographs and CBCT. Results: Within the findings of the present study, it can be determined that there is a low identification of lesions in the digital periapical radiography compared to the CBCT, where they could be evidenced in the total sample. Likewise, differences were found at the time of interpretation of the lesions, when comparing the size of the lesion identified in CBCT with that of the digital periapical radiography; Also when comparing the lesions according to the size of the drill used, the lesions made with the larger diameter burr were more easily observed. Conclusions: Digital periapical radiography, does not identify incipient lesions, and if it is identified, it tends to give a lower data of the true dimension of the lesion compared to the CBCT, which has greater precision in measuring lesions.