Análisis comparativo de la Política pública Sobre la Interrupción Voluntaria del Embarazo en Colombia, Chile, Argentina y Brasil

Abstract

This essay presents a comparative analysis of the public policy that has been developed around the Voluntary Interruption of Pregnancy in four Latin American countries: Colombia, Argentina, Brazil, and Chile. The analysis makes it possible to identify the common elements from which the issue of abortion has been related in the región. It is consider, for exapmle, the need to establish solutions to the health problem due to the practice of clandestine and informal abortions, the advance in considerations that promote gender equality by guaranteeing the right to autonomy of women, and the response to the demands made in the international context to advance in the decriminalization and legalization of abortion. Together, all these factors have been treated in a particular way in each country, according to the characteristics of the context, the institutional and social approach from which gender policies and the issue of Sexual Reproductive Health are addressed, in addition to a series of ethical and moral dilemmas, which have been developing in each context, and which have substantially affected the orientation of public policies. In particular, the comparative analysis allows us to recognize that when promoting the development of gender equality through policies associated with the Voluntary Interruption of Pregnancy, the reality and the associated problems are approached from a political approach immersed in the surrounding culture, influenced by a set of diverse meanings that condition and guide the ideas of social and political actors, in the midst of a complex development of positions, beliefs, emotions and behaviors.