Cronología y secuencia de erupción de caninos y premolares en niños de 9 a 15 años en dos instituciones educativas de la ciudad de Bucaramanga

Abstract

Introduction: The Chronology and sequence of eruption is a worldwide topic of great interest, for any kind of disturbance showed in the dental eruption during the second transitional period, could be due to a disturbance caused by environmental or genetics factors alongside its development and maturation process. Once a person has a detailed knowledge about the development of the obstruction, specially about the chronology and sequence such, it is easier to apply corrective measures to work on a treatment based on malocclusions and pathologies generated as a consequence from an alteration of the aforementioned factors. Objective: To stablish the chronology and sequence of the eruption of canines and premolars presented in children from 9 to 15 years old in two educational institutions from Bucaramanga, Colombia. Methods and Materials: This research was done under minimum risk without producing any physical or psychological modification on the study segment, the technical standards that guarantee the proper information management and its confidentiality were considered too. A cross-sectional observational study was also developed over a population conformed by students from 9 to 15 years old, members of two educational institutions from the city of Bucaramanga with a total sample size of 314 participants; during the study, there was a clear evidence of chronology and sequence of eruption of canines and premolars over the second transitional period on the upper and lower jaw, taking into account the bilateral symmetry in the eruption sequence in each quadrant and its own contralateral. For the collection of data, the students were randomly picked, to whom an explicit informed consent was sent in order for them to authorize the participation on the present study; once the segmentation was made, a sample was taken over a dental unit with the help of a mouth mirror and simultaneously to the observation of each student, the information was being filled in the instrument. Results: It was shown an average age of 11,3 years old over the participant students, corresponding most of them to women. More than 50% of the studied population had the the tooth number 14 on their mouths, and teeth 34 and 44 showed a sequence of disturbed eruption presented firstly in mouth than the canine. Conclusions: On the upper and lower jaw, at age 11, there was a clear evidence of the presence of first premolars, while after age 12, the canine tooth showed up on mouths. The tooth with the greatest alteration was the first mandibular premolar therefore changing the eruption sequence; about the symmetry, most of the participants showed a normal eruption sequence and symmetry in each of their dental arch.