Rol de la cianocobalamina y el hialuronato de sodio, en presentación individual y conjugada, en la restauración de la superficie ocular anterior y en el síndrome de ojo seco: Revisión exploratoria

Abstract

Dry eye is characterized by an alteration in the homeostasis of the tear film, which affects the ocular surface and promotes inflammatory processes and oxidative stress. Objective: To analyze the role of cyanocobalamin and sodium hyaluronate in the restoration of the ocular surface and corneal re-epithelialization in dry eye syndrome, through a literature review. Methodology: An exploratory literature review was conducted using English-language MeSH terms combined with Boolean operators. The review included studies published between 2014 and 2026, comprising both experimental studies in animal models and clinical studies involving patients with dry eye syndrome. A total of 13 articles were included. Results: The studies, published in English between 2014 and 2026, demonstrated that cyanocobalamin and sodium hyaluronate may contribute to reducing oxidative stress and improving epithelial damage. Comparing sodium hyaluronate with conventional lubricants showed improvements in tear film break-up time (BUT), Schirmer test results, and Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) scores, though no statistically significant differences were observed. Conclusion: Although available evidence is limited, the combination of cyanocobalamin and sodium hyaluronate shows promising potential for addressing the alterations associated with dry eye. Further studies are required to evaluate cyanocobalamin both individually and in combination with other molecules.