Determinantes sociales de la salud e hipertensión arterial en tres municipios del departamento del Huila – Colombia. 2017

Abstract

Hypertension is one of the main causes of health care in the world. There is a relationship between the conditions in which people are born, live, work and grow old and the health situation of the populations; These conditions are related to social, economic, political, cultural and environmental aspects, collectively called Social Determinants of Health (SSD). The objective of this study was to analyze the social determinants in health that influence the prevalence of arterial hypertension in the municipalities of Agrado, Tello and Suaza of the department of Huila. A cross-sectional study was done. The information was collected through a structured survey, to which a pilot test was applied to adjust the questions to the target population. The population was chosen by simple random sampling, with 497 people with diagnosis of Suaza hypertensive disease (54.5% n = 271), Agrado (25.1% n = 125) and Tello (20.3% n = 101). The main results obtained were, the female sex occupied 68.4%, the most predominant age group was 60 to 69 years of age for Suaza and Agrado (35.0% and 40.0% respectively) and the group of 80 years and more for Tello (29.3%). The low educational level is similar in the three municipalities as well as unemployment, which are observed in greater proportions. The municipalities are classified mainly in stratum 2. For the bivariate analysis, the X2 variables with statistically significant differences were used: obesity, the age of labor onset. It is concluded that the socioeconomic conditions of the patients surveyed in the three municipalities are low, with low school level and income, which is evidenced in health behaviors, in access to health services and in the outcomes related to HTA that can impair the ability to perform the activities of the daily life of patients and decrease their functionality and satisfaction with the state of health.