Síntesis y caracterización de membranas híbridas a partir de quitosan, polivinil alcohol y sílice para su aplicación en deshidratación de gases
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Universidad Santo Tomás. Seccional Bucaramanga
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Los sistemas de membranas son una tecnología atractiva aplicada a procesos de separación. Por décadas se ha estudiado la síntesis y caracterización de sus propiedades enfocadas al desarrollo de sistemas de membrana eficientes y competitivos. En este sentido, con el fin de estudiar la factibilidad de sintetizar membranas híbridas para su aplicación en procesos de deshidratación de gases, se elaboraron membranas densas de quitosan, polivinil alcohol y sílice por medio del método solution casting, a diferentes composiciones y espesores evaluando su capacidad de permeado de vapor de agua. Se encontró así que la cantidad de quitosan (CTS) es la variable que favorece de manera más significativa el permeado. Adicionalmente, se evaluó la influencia del tiempo y la concentración de glutaraldehído en el entrecruzamiento. Los resultados experimentales mostraron que los parámetros escogidos no repercuten sobre transporte de vapor de agua, sino únicamente sobre las características fisicoquímicas de la membrana. Finalmente, las membranas se caracterizaron por tres métodos: (1) Espectroscopia infrarroja (FTIR), muestra cambios en la estructura interna de las membranas. (2) Calorimetría diferencial de barrido (DSC), evidencia cambios en las transiciones térmicas y (3) Análisis termogravimétrico (TGA) que muestra las temperaturas de degradación de las membranas.
The membrane systems are an attractive technology applied to separation process. For decades, the synthesis and characterization of its properties have been studied focusing its development of efficient and competitive membrane systems. In order to study the feasibility of the utilization of synthesized hybrids membranes to the process of gases dehydration, dense membranes composed of chitosan, polyvinyl alcohol and silica were elaborated applying the solution casting method, considering different compositions, thickness and studying its permeability of water vapor. It was found that chitosan (CTS) quantity is the variable that affects more significantly the permeated. In addition, the influence of the time and the glutaraldehyde concentration in the crosslinking process was evaluated. The experimental results showed that selected parameters do not have influence on permeate, only physical-chemical features of the membrane. Lastly, the membranes were characterized with three methods: (1) Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) that show internal structure changes with the crosslinking, (2) Differential scanning calorimetry that evidence changes in the thermal transitions and (3) Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) that show the temperatures of degradation of the membranes.
The membrane systems are an attractive technology applied to separation process. For decades, the synthesis and characterization of its properties have been studied focusing its development of efficient and competitive membrane systems. In order to study the feasibility of the utilization of synthesized hybrids membranes to the process of gases dehydration, dense membranes composed of chitosan, polyvinyl alcohol and silica were elaborated applying the solution casting method, considering different compositions, thickness and studying its permeability of water vapor. It was found that chitosan (CTS) quantity is the variable that affects more significantly the permeated. In addition, the influence of the time and the glutaraldehyde concentration in the crosslinking process was evaluated. The experimental results showed that selected parameters do not have influence on permeate, only physical-chemical features of the membrane. Lastly, the membranes were characterized with three methods: (1) Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) that show internal structure changes with the crosslinking, (2) Differential scanning calorimetry that evidence changes in the thermal transitions and (3) Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) that show the temperatures of degradation of the membranes.
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Membranas, entrecruzamiento, deshidratación, permeación, Membranes, crosslinking, dehydration, permeation
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