La Crisis de la Justicia Internacional Supranacional: Análisis de la Visión de Concepción Escobar Hernández frente a los Desafíos de la CIJ, CPI y Corte IDH en un Mundo Multipolar

Abstract

In an increasingly conflictive and polarized multipolar world, where geopolitical tensions and accelerated globalization have transformed the international legal landscape, this reflection article examines the structural crisis affecting supranational judicial bodies—such as the International Court of Justice (ICJ), the International Criminal Court (ICC), and the Inter-American Court of Human Rights (IACHR)—analyzed through the proposals and reflections of Concepción Escobar Hernández (1959-2025). Employing an interpretive and critical approach based on primary sources, including her recent publications and case law updated as of January 2026, this study conceptualizes her theory of international justice. It characterizes the lack of effectiveness stemming from systematic non-compliance, institutional biases, and financial constraints, contrasting her ideas with key elements of the current crisis.

The analysis incorporates new insights, updates and strengthens sources, establishes links between variables, and develops reflections that enrich the academic debate. Simultaneously, it contributes to the search for viable inter-judicial coordination mechanisms, alternative enforcement strategies, and inclusive reforms. These alternatives aim to preserve the integrity of the international legal order amidst growing fragmentation and geopolitical resistance. Thus, the study seeks not only a superficial diagnosis but an exploration of deep-seated roots, proposing practical solutions for the short and medium term while incorporating multidisciplinary perspectives that enrich the understanding of the subject.