Correlación Entre el Índice de Refracción de la Lágrima y las Características Clínicas y Demográficas en Pacientes con Ojo Seco Mayores de 40 Años

Abstract

Introduction: Physiological changes, in addition to pathological and environmental changes, influence the quantity and quality of information about the eye. Taking into account the ophthalmological and / or optometric studies, the tear is identified as the fluid formed by the layers: lipid, aqueous and mucinous, which spread homogeneously on the ocular surface through blinking, an action that is neurologically controlled. Objective: To determine the correlation of the index of refraction of the tear with the clinical and demographic factors in patients older than 40 years that present dry eye syndrome, residents in the metropolitan area of Bucaramanga. Methodology: The type of study used in this project was cross-sectional descriptive observational; the sample evaluated was of 64 people, being chosen for convenience, from them the sample of the tear was taken, the index of refraction of the same was measured and then the state of the tear and of the anterior segment was evaluated. Results: Of the total population, 68.75% were women, 43.76% were homemakers, of which 31.25% were menopausal. When analyzing the relationship between refractive index with type of dry eye, sex and place of work, it is concluded that there is no correlation; however, there is a relationship between the type of dry eye and sex. In addition, the lower the tear refractive index, that is, the light takes less time to pass through the film. Conclusions: Statistically, there is no evidence of a direct relationship between the index of refraction of the tear with clinical and demographic factors, on the other hand, there is a greater possibility that the woman over 40 years of age has a mucousive and Acuodeficient dry eye, whereas according to the male population valued in the man appears with greater frequency eye dry lipodeficiente.