Técnicas de diagnóstico y tratamiento más usadas en el manejo de la Comunicación Oroantral por cirujanos orales y maxilofaciales de Santander.

Abstract

Introduction: The oroantral communication is a complication that can occur during the odontological practice, characterized by the connection between the oral cavity and the antrum of the upper jaw presenting diverse etiologies, handlings and treatments chosen present characteristics such as extension, location, associated symptomatology and time passed since its appearance. Objective: To determine the methods of diagnosis and management of the oroantral communication most used by the oral and maxillofacial surgeons of Santander. Methodology: A cross-sectional, descriptive, observational study was conducted, evaluating dentists specializing in oral and maxillofacial surgery working in Santander. A univariate analysis was carried out applying absolute frequency calculation for qualitative variables and making estimates of central tendency and dispersion measures for quantitative variables. The applied survey evaluated sociodemographic characteristics and knowledge related to the diagnosis and management techniques of this complication. The data obtained was digitized in an Excel file and later exported to the statistical program Stata 14 where its respective analysis was performed. Results: The evaluated surgeons presented an average age of 42 years old, predominantly male, belonging to socioeconomic stratum 5. The presence of communication during clinical practice was highlighted in 93.7%, evidencing that the most frequent etiology was superior dental extractions; it was observed that the most used diagnostic method was Valsalva's maneuver in 93. 7% and surgical techniques as the treatment of choice, with the vestibular flap being the most used by the participants, while 31.2% of the participants stated the use of non-surgical techniques such as healing by second intention in 25%. Conclusions: It was determined that the oroantral communication is a frequent complication during the exercise of the surgical practice, post exodontia, where it was highlighted that the most used technique for its detection is the Valsalva maneuver, likewise it was determined that the most used technique of management is the surgical one, being the buccal sliding flap the technique with the highest rate of effectiveness and success.