Niveles de streptococcus mutans asociados a caries de la infancia temprana: revisión sistemática de la literatura

Abstract

Tooth decay is one of the most prevalent oral disease in the world population which affects 60-90% of schoolchildren. Objective: State the findings on levels of Streptococcus mutans associated with early childhood caries. Materials and Methods: secondary research, systematic review type, descriptive observational studies and clinical trials were selected children 0-71 months old, published between 2004 and 2014. databases Science Direct, Dentistry & Oral Sciences Source were used, Embase and PubMed search, limited by subject descriptors, in Spanish, English and Portuguese. Results: 14 articles that met the selection criteria were analyzed observational studies (3) met the evaluation criteria, using the STROBE Guide and clinical trials (2) met the criteria of the CONSORT statement. Furthermore, various scales were reported to assess the presence of Streptococcus mutans and variety of categories for the microbial load; from 1 000-100 000 for low risk, between 100 000 - 1000000 moderate risk, and> 1 million high risk of developing caries, and other associated factors. Conclusion: The literature states that the colonization of Streptococcus mutans in children> 1 million CFU / mL is a major risk factor for the development of CIT, but show learly to establish the levels of the microorganisms associated with Early Childhood Caries.