Conocimientos de los odontólogos de Bucaramanga en el manejo de pacientes tratados con bifosfonatos

Abstract

Introduction: Bisphosphonates are key drugs in the treatment of metabolic and oncological pathologies due to their ability to inhibit bone resorption by controlling osteoclastic activity. Their use is clinically associated with osteonecrosis of the jaw. Given that invasive dental procedures are a key precipitating factor, the dentist's role is critical in preventing this condition. However, there is a gap between international clinical guidelines and the practical knowledge of professionals. Objective: To determine the level of knowledge regarding the management of patients treated with bisphosphonates among dentists in Bucaramanga. Methods: An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study. A sample size of 199 dentists was calculated from a population of 411 registered dentists in Bucaramanga. The analyzed variables were those related to sociodemographic information and those contained in a questionnaire on bisphosphonate knowledge published by Alhussain (2015). Data collection was conducted through digital channels. Frequencies and proportions were calculated for qualitative variables, and measures of central tendency for quantitative ones. Results: Seventy-eight dentists participated (a response rate of 39.2%). There was a female predominance (64.1%) and a median age of 40 (IQR 34-53) years. Although 60.3% have treated patients undergoing bisphosphonate therapy, 64.1% of the participants stated they lacked the necessary training for their clinical management. Regarding specific knowledge, 98.7% correctly identified osteoporosis as the main indication, and 76.9% recognized the osteoclastic inhibition function; however, less than half (43.6%) were aware of the drug's various routes of administration (oral and intravenous). Conclusions: The level of knowledge among the dentist questioned varies depending on the specific area of understanding regarding bisphosphonates. Proficiency was demonstrated in theoretical aspects, while a lack of competence was observed in the clinical management of patients undergoing such treatment.