Enfermedad de Chagas y manifestaciones bucales tras la infección oral. Revisión sistemática.

Abstract

Introduction. Chagas disease is an endemic infection in Santander due to the circulation of the parasite from insect vectors, mammals that act as intermediate hosts and man, the definitive host. In cases of oral transmission, alterations in the oral cavity have been documented, however, there is no evidence that synthesizes these alterations. Objective. To identify the oral findings that consistently occur after infection with Trypanosoma cruzi. Methods. A systematic review was carried out, using Pubmed, Science Direct, Scopus and Embase databases as a source of consultation, based on a question in PICO format. The search included articles published from 2005 to 2021 in English, Spanish or Portuguese and obtained by applying a specific search equation. The identification of the articles was done by peers who reviewed title and abstract in a blinded and independent way. The selected articles were read in their entirety in order to extract the pertinent information which was registered in Microsoft Excel where the respective analyses were made. The Vantage point program was used to generate figures that supported the bibliometric analysis. Results. A total of eight articles met the selection criteria, all of which were experimental. Pubmed contributed 50% of these, 100% published in English and Brazil was the country where most of the studies had been carried out. The application of the CAMARADES tool determined that the quality of the studies was moderate. Regarding oral manifestations, the most frequent was facial edema followed by lymph node inflammation, tongue fibrosis and gingivitis. Conclusions. Despite the absence of human studies, facial edema is the most consistent finding in oral transmission of Chagas disease.