Caracterización de las enfermedades periodontales reportadas ante el Observatorio de Salud Pública de Santander por una IPS del territorio Nacional entre los años 2015-2020

Abstract

Introduction. Gingival and periodontal pathologies present a high demand for care in outpatient services, which is why it is important to categorize it as a public health problem because it can cause a progressive loss of bone tissue in the oral cavity. Characterize the gingival and periodontal diseases reported by the IPS of the national territory between the years 2015-2020.Method. A retrospective cross-sectional analytical observational study was carried out; Sociodemographic variables were used such as age category, care service, year, departments, province and diagnosis of periodontal diseases. No sample size calculation was performed, since all the information reported by the IPS in the database of the Santander Public Health Observatory was taken into account. The information from the original databases was systematized in Microsoft Excel, the univariate and bivariate analysis was carried out in the statistical package Stata14, taking into account the principles established in resolution 08430 of 1993. Results: 5,531 data of gingival and periodontal diseases were analyzed, of which 5,402 belong to the department of Santander and 129 data to 11 departments of Colombia. In the age category, adulthood was more frequent, where patients between 29 and 59 years old attended with 38.8% (2,149). Within the period of time studied, it was observed that the year with the highest number of events of gingival and periodontal pathologies was 2019, with 46.5% (2,573). It was established that the province most affected was the Metropolitan area, with 96.3% (5,204). Conclusion: In the present study, the most frequent gingival and periodontal pathologies were gingivitis and chronic periodontitis, which was evidenced in all the provinces that make up the department of Santander and also with the 11 departments involved.