Hiposalivación asociada a consumo de medicamentos en pacientes sistémicamente comprometidos: Revisión sistemática

Abstract

People suffering from systemic diseases experience oral manifestations, as an adverse event to the consumption of medicines used to control these pathologies. Among the oral manifestations, the most prominent is hyposalivation as a secondary effect to the consumption of drugs used in pathologies such as: arterial hypertension, diabetes, depressive disorder, parkinson's, etc. Objective. To analyze, through a systematic review was conducted in order to determine an association between salivary secretion and the medication. Methodology. The present study consists of a systematic review that corresponds to a type of retrospective observational study in which different primary studies were analyzed to inform if patients undergoing drug treatment present hyposalivation, through a process for identification, critical evaluation and synthesis of the evidence present in the literature. Four search blocks were established: salivary flow, medications, systemic diseases and types of study, using descriptors of Decs and MeSH for PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science. 381 articles were retrieved from those three databases. Results. A total of 25 articles were included, medications with a high frecuency of events of hiposalivation included, it suggests that antidepressants (26.9%), followed by antihypertensive medications (12%), with depression (28%) and arterial hypertension (16%) the diseases that most evidenced xerostomia, mainly affecting the central nervous system (60%). Conclusion. It could be determined that the medications administered in systemically compromised patients generate hyposalivation, thus antihypertensive medications were those that had the greatest association with the reduction of salivary flow, followed by antidepressant medications that can probably generate hyposalivation.