Dosis de radiación absorbida por endodoncistas con el uso de nuevas tecnologías de rayos X y su efecto en la glándula tiroides, actualización 2024

Abstract

During endodontic treatments is common to receive doses of radiation from instruments such as portable X-rays, which can reach radiosensitive organs such as the thyroid if adequate protection protocols are not in place. Objective: determine the absorbed radiation dose and possible changes of the thyroid gland by an evaluation of a functional profile of the gland in endodontists exposed to both the continuous use of portable X-ray equipment together and digital images capture devices over six months of exposure. Method: descriptive observational case series study, wich is a continuation of a previous study. Twenty endodontists participated (10 from the first stage; and 10 new ones for the second stage). Information was obtained on age, gender, type of equipment, time of use of the equipment, number of patients per day, number of X-Rays per patient, absorbed dose, and initial and final THS, T3, FT4. Results: 70% of the group was women; they had an average age of 36.55 years; 55% always wore a lead vest. During the 3 months, 7,848 X-Rays were taken, and 4 professionals who do not have strict protection control are also among those who provide the most X-Rays. Only one participant presented absorbed radiation doses of radiological interest (participant 9: 0.15mSv) and changes outside the reference range for the hormones FT4 (0.88 ng/dL) and T3 (58.6 ng/dL). Conclusions: although the group in general presents normal values for the hormones THS, T3, FT4 and the absorbed radiation dose; there is one patient who shows how the non-use of protection during practice can lead to hormonal changes that could affect the thyroid gland.