Manejo Odontológico a pacientes con fluorosis dental. Revisión sistemática

Abstract

Introduction: Dental fluorosis is a chronic enamel defect where the aesthetics of the teeth is affected. This defect presents hypomineralized areas that are observed as symmetrical, whitish or opaque spots and striae. All of these characteristics develop due to excessive intake of fluoride. Objectives: Identify dental management for patients with dental fluorosis depending on the degree of severity it presents and the effectiveness of each treatment. Methodology: A systematic review was carried out, to obtain a synthesis of the bibliographic evidence available in the databases of free access and of the Santo Tomás University, the sample is made up of articles from clinical trials in English that refer to the dental treatment of patients with dental fluorosis found in the databases: Embase, Pubmed, BVS Odontología and Oral Dentistry between the years 2011 to 2021. Results: The number of full-text articles evaluated for their eligibility was 11 according to the inclusion criteria and exclusion. In assessing the risk of bias of clinical trials, a low risk of bias was found. The criteria established by the Cochrane Collaboration to evaluate the quality of the articles were considered, showing that in most of the articles the treatments performed show positive results. When analyzing these articles, it is evidenced that the treatments proposed according to each clinician show great efficacy due to the fact that the affection of the dental surface decreases significantly, thus improving the aesthetics of each of the participants. Conclusion: Various clinical trials were analyzed showing an aesthetic improvement depending on the degree of severity, in patients with mild fluorosis there is a greater improvement compared to patients with moderate and severe fluorosis. Finally, it is concluded that the patients who received these treatments have a greater sensitivity.