Desigualdades sociales en salud y enfermedad renal crónica estadio 5. Colombia 2012-2014

Abstract

The complexity of the chronic kidney disease stage 5 health problem in our country, a single variable would be insufficient to establish association between disease and social determinants in health. To make an approximation through a correlational study allows to advance in the field of the investigation of the social determinants of the health and territorial inequities in the departments of our country. Theoretical - methodological framework: Sen defines health equity as multidimensional, because health is one of the most important conditions of life and a fundamental component of human possibilities. No conception of social justice that accepts an equitable distribution and an efficient formation of human possibilities can ignore the role of health in life and the opportunities for people to achieve a healthy life free from disease, avoidable suffering and mortality early. Equity in the implementation and distribution of health is incorporated and forms an integral part of the concept of justice (30). The author proposes that subjects have resources that enable them to achieve their abilities. In this regard the work of Marmot and Sen indicate that having better health outcomes can be understood as an achievement, which is established based on the resources that people have, in this sense work is for Sen aspects of basic consideration (28 and 29). The theoretical perspectives in which health and life are shaped by socioeconomic position, ethnicity, work and gender among other social determinants in health and the way they relate to each other generate territorial disparities. The measurement of territorial social inequalities and the applicability of multivariate models are useful to demonstrate the variations and the relationships between them, taking into account the main territorial and health inequities. Results: The empirical analysis allowed us to identify that unemployment is a variable that correlates with the worst health outcomes in chronic renal disease stage 5. In this sense it can be affirmed that unemployment and informality, as explanatory aspect of low income constitute social inequities in health (16, 17). The inverse results obtained with the indicator of unsatisfied basic needs are questioned. Other relevant conditions are the proportion of over 60 years, the prevalence of chronic diseases such as hypertension and diabetes. Regarding education, this is considered by Sen as a capacity, in this sense it is necessary to expand the analysis in future research.