Prevalencia de periodontitis apical en dientes no tratados endodónticamente evaluados en CBCT

Abstract

Introduction The early diagnosis of apical periodontitis is made through diagnostic images. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is currently considered the radiographic technique with the best capabilities to identify this event. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of apical periodontitis in 1858 teeth without endodontic treatment, evaluated in 152 CBCT taken from patients who attended a dental practice in a region of Colombia. Methodology Through a cross-sectional analytical study, CBCT of permanent teeth of people of both sexes taken between 2016 and 2017 were included. The presence of apical periodontitis was evaluated using the CBCT PAI index. The association between the event and variables such as gender, age, affected tooth and number of teeth that presented the pathology by assessed tomography, was performed by Chi2 test, p de 0.05 values were considered of statistical significance. Results The prevalence of apical Periodontitis was 19.7%. 83.6% of these lesions (n = 306) were located in the CBCT PAI I ((> 0.5 mm-1mm) .The most affected teeth were 13, 24 and 23 respectively. With respect to the total number of affected teeth in evaluated tomography, it was evidenced that 19.7% of the CBCT analyzed (n = 30) had one tooth with evidence of the pathology and 19.1% (n = 29) two affected teeth. Conclusions The prevalence found (19.7%) was relatively high compared with other studies reported. In a CBCT it is possible to observe apical Periodontitis of incipient size.