Caracterización anatómica del primer molar superior derecho permanente en estudiantes de odontología de la Universidad Santo Tomás

Abstract

Introduction: teeth are of great importance and help for the human being, throughout history it has been shown how different dental pieces have evolved. The first permanent upper molar has shown variations in size, diversity of shapes and variations in its anatomical charac-teristics. Objective: to characterize the anatomy of the upper permanent first molar and whether the same or similar variations occur in the population studied. Materials and methods: cross-sectional descriptive observational study, with a sample of dentistry students from 1 to 10 semesters, of legal age, enrolled in the academic periods 2021-II and 2022-I, through the elaboration of the taking of an alginate dental impression of the upper right hemiarch for subsequent casting with type 4 plaster and a survey. A descriptive analysis of the variables was carried out. Results: with the participation of 125 students, it was evidenced that the majority of the participants were female 72.80% (91), 55.20% (69) were in the second semester and were between 18 and 21 years old. 87.20% (109). It was found that the most common shape of the occlusal face was square 55.20% (69), also, most of the participants presented Carabelli's tubercle in 52.80% (66) and with little marking 20.00%. (25). In addition, the majority presented inverted Stuart in 55.20% (69), with the difference that the majority did not present the anterior transverse wrinkle 71.20% (81) and did not present interruption of the bridge of esmalt 44.00% (55). Conclusions: the upper right first permanent molar presents multiple anatomical variations and characteristics, which are determined by various factors, including: genetic, racial, sexual and even the country of origin of a person. Showing us that the human species presents great diversity throughout evolution.