Derechos humanos, educación para la paz y la convivencia para la reconstrucción del tejido social y la mejora del clima escolar en estudiantes de sexto de bachillerato de la Institución Educativa San José del Tapaje

Abstract

The general objective of this research was to develop a teaching strategy for human rights, peace education, and coexistence that would contribute to rebuilding the social fabric and improving the school climate for sixth-grade students at the San José del Tapaje Educational Institution. To achieve this goal, three specific objectives were set: recognizing students’ needs and perspectives regarding human rights and coexistence education; implementing a teaching strategy based on dialogue, reflection, and collaborative work; and identifying the learning and attitude gains achieved through its application. The methodology used was based on a qualitative approach, embedded in the paradigm of critical social sciences, aimed at understanding educational processes through experience and social transformation. The research approach was action research, allowing the teacher-researcher to actively engage in the planning, implementation, and evaluation of the strategy. Data collection techniques included focus groups, participant observation, and didactic workshops, which facilitated the analysis of students’ perceptions, behaviors, and changes generated during the educational process. The results demonstrated significant progress in the understanding of human rights, the strengthening of values such as respect, empathy, and tolerance, and the development of skills for dialogue and peaceful conflict resolution. A notable improvement was also evident in the school climate, group cohesion, and student participation in spaces for coexistence and reflection. The teaching strategy was consolidated as an effective pedagogical tool for promoting a culture of peace, respect for human dignity, and the building of more just and supportive relationships within the educational community.