Índices de placa dentobacteriana: Revisión sistemática

Abstract

Introduction: Nowadays, dental biofilm is one of the main factors for the development of the most common oral pathologies that affect the human being such as dental caries and periodontal disease, among other conditions that make oral hygiene difficult. Due to this, it is necessary to have a comprehensive dental care accompanied by a professional. The information provided by the articles of this research is essential when guiding the decision making process to carry out motivational strategies, since the plaque indexes pose specific means of prevention, control and eradication of diseases, in addition, they provide information and knowledge for decision making in planning, administration and evaluation of systems, programs and actions in oral health. Objective: Identifying the main indexes of bacterial plaque used in Colombia and Latin America through a systematic review of the literature in relation to articles published between 2015 and 2020. Materials and methods: A retrospective systematic review was carried out where the tendency of publications in scientific research was evaluated, the consultation was made in four important databases (Scielo, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science), using the terms MESH and DECS: Dental plaque, Dental plaque, Promotion, Prevention, Oral health and preventive dentistry, Oral health and preventive dentistry, Dental care, Oral health related to the frequency of use of the index of dental plaque at Latin America level; being a total of 10. 591 items recovered in the last 5 years. The sample size was 52 selected articles, applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria considered. Results: It was evident that the database with the greatest number of publications from 2015 to 2020 is Science Direct. On the other hand, Brazil registers a greater amount of publication with 56% of articles published; it could be evidenced that 57% of the articles, in their methodology, used a type of cross-sectional study. As for the year with the highest frequency of publications, 2019 is identified with 22%. Regarding the type of index, it was found that the most used within the articles is the Greene and Vermillion index with a total of 19 articles that mention it, being this data a reference point for the selection and recommendation of the dent bacterial plaque index. Conclusions: As a conclusion, It was possible to know and evidence the publications of the authors, which show that the most recognized index in Latin America is the index of Greene and Vermillion, being Scopus the most useful database for the elaboration of this work.