Relación Entre Antropometría, Composición Corporal y Potencia Inferior en Velocistas de Atletismo de (100-400m) Categoría Élite de Bogotá

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dc.contributor.advisorRodriguez, Sofia
dc.contributor.authorRodriguez Aponte, John Freddy
dc.contributor.authorForero Castro, José del Carmen
dc.contributor.corporatenameUniversidad Santo Tomás
dc.date.accessioned2026-01-27T21:55:15Z
dc.date.available2026-01-27T21:55:15Z
dc.date.issued2026-01-21
dc.descriptionEl presente estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar la relación entre el perfil de composición corporal, el perfil antropométrico y la potencia de la cadena cinética inferior en atletas élite de 100, 200 y 400 metros planos, pertenecientes a la liga de atletismo de Bogotá. La muestra se conformó por 19 atletas mayores (14 hombres, 5 mujeres). Se recolectaron datos antropométricos (talla, envergadura, perímetros de muslo y pantorrilla) y de composición corporal (masa magra, muscular y grasa) mediante bioimpedancia. La potencia inferior se evaluó mediante pruebas de salto (CMJ y SJ) con un sensor de movimiento. Las variables registradas se analizaron y correlacionaron con el software IBM SPSS Statistics versión 29.0. Se encontraron correlaciones significativas (p < 0.05) entre variables antropométricas, composición corporal e indicadores de rendimiento neuromuscular, variando por especialidad. En 100 m, mayor masa muscular inferior y menor grasa se asociaron con mejor índice de elasticidad y mayor potencia de salto, destacando la influencia del perímetro de las pantorrillas. Para 200 m, la potencia del salto se relacionó con la masa muscular total de las piernas. En 400 m, sobresalió la influencia de la talla, envergadura y perímetros en la producción de potencia. Como conclusiones, los resultados confirman que el perfil antropométrico y el desarrollo muscular condicionan la potencia de salto vertical según la especialidad. Estos hallazgos podrían permitir a la Liga de Atletismo de Bogotá establecer perfiles de referencia que facilitarán el diseño de planes de entrenamiento individualizados, selección de talentos y la toma de decisiones.
dc.description.abstractABSTRACT The present study aimed to determine the relationship between body composition profile, anthropometric profile, and lower-limb kinetic-chain power in elite 100-, 200-, and 400-meter sprinters from the Bogotá Athletics League. The sample consisted of 19 adult athletes (14 men and 5 women). Anthropometric data (height, wingspan, thigh and calf circumferences) and body composition data (lean mass, muscle mass, and fat mass) were collected using bioimpedance. Lower-limb power was assessed through jump tests (CMJ and SJ) using a motion sensor. The recorded variables were analyzed and correlated using IBM SPSS Statistics version 29.0. Significant correlations (p < 0.05) were found between anthropometric variables, body composition, and neuromuscular performance indicators, varying by event specialty. In the 100 m group, greater lower-limb muscle mass and lower fat levels were associated with better elasticity index and higher jump power, with calf circumference showing notable influence. For 200 m athletes, jump power was related to total leg muscle mass. In the 400 m event, height, wingspan, and limb circumferences stood out as influential in power production. In conclusion, the results confirm that anthropometric profile and muscle development condition vertical jump power according to event specialty. These findings may enable the Bogotá Athletics League to establish scientifically based reference profiles that will support the design of individualized training plans, talent identification, and decision-making.
dc.description.degreelevelMaestríaspa
dc.description.degreenameMagíster en Entrenamiento Deportivo y Actividad Físicaspa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.identifier.citationRodriguez Aponte,J.F y Forero Castro J. C (2026), Relación entre antropometría, composición corporal y potencia inferior en velocistas de atletismo de (100-400m) élite de Bogotá. [Trabajo de grado Maestría, Universidad Santo Tomás]. Repositorio institucional
dc.identifier.instnameinstname:Universidad Santo Tomásspa
dc.identifier.reponamereponame:Repositorio Institucional Universidad Santo Tomásspa
dc.identifier.repourlrepourl:https://repository.usta.edu.cospa
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11634/71199
dc.language.isospa
dc.publisherUniversidad Santo Tomásspa
dc.publisher.branchCRAI-USTA Tunja
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Cultura Física, Deporte y Recreaciónspa
dc.publisher.programMaestría en Entrenamiento Deportivo y Actividad Físicaspa
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dc.rightsAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 2.5 Colombiaen
dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessspa
dc.rights.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_14cb
dc.rights.localAbierto (Texto Completo)spa
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/co/
dc.subject.keywordBody
dc.subject.keywordComposition
dc.subject.keywordAnthropometry
dc.subject.keywordJumping
dc.subject.keywordPower
dc.subject.proposalComposición
dc.subject.proposalCorporal
dc.subject.proposalAntropometría
dc.subject.proposalPotencia
dc.subject.proposalSalto
dc.titleRelación Entre Antropometría, Composición Corporal y Potencia Inferior en Velocistas de Atletismo de (100-400m) Categoría Élite de Bogotá
dc.typemaster thesis
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aaspa
dc.type.driveinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisspa
dc.type.localTesis de maestríaspa
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionspa

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