Aproximación didáctica a la comprensión lectora desde las artes plásticas, en los estudiantes de grado quinto de la Institución Educativa Distrital Manuel Cepeda Vargas, Sede B, Jornada Mañana.

Abstract

At the Manuel Cepeda Vargas educational institution, the results obtained in the area of Language in the SABER test of the Colombian Ministry of National Education, applied in 2017, reflected that, for the third grade of primary basic, 59% of students were in less than or below the minimum performance, with evidence that most students did not recognize the structure of a text, and that between 3 and 4 out of 10 students were unable to recognize implicit or even explicit information in the content or the situation of communication. This picture, although particularly for this institution, is only a reflection of reality at the national level. According to the article "Colombian students continue to have low averages" of the newspaper El Tiempo on December 3, 2019, in the results of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development's (OECD) Pisa 2018 report, there is a decline in the rating of the reading area: "The research, which has been conducted every three years since 2000 and emphasizes mainly in those areas of knowledge, showed a drop in reading, from 425 points in 2015 to 412 in 2018." Such a problem demonstrates the need to implement strategies to improve performance in reading and comprehension, present both in the area of language and in other subjects in the school, and even in other communicative situations within the classroom and in everyday life itself. This research work starts right from this problem, with the conviction that it will be through concrete pedagogical actions from the teaching practice that it will overcome the difficulties related to reading comprehension in the Students. Thus, in the process of this, a didactic approach will be developed that will allow to generate from the classroom, a methodological proposal that promotes an important strengthening in the teaching of reading comprehension. Such an approach will be that of the plastic arts, relying on the concepts of various references in education, which will be developed within the project, and that support the idea that art, is a powerful instrument that allows both the development of the thought, and the understanding in the classroom. Thus, this work will seek to answer the problemic question ¿How to enhance the teaching of reading comprehension in the fifth grade students of Manuel Cepeda Vargas IED College?