Técnica Biomimética como tratamiento alternativo para la conservación del diente tratado endodónticamente y estructuralmente comprometido. Caso clínico.

Abstract

Problem: the restoration of endodontically treated teeth presents a significant challenge due to intrinsic structural deficiencies, tissue loss, and the presence of previous restorations. Method: the introduction of adhesive materials and procedures has transformed how endodontically treated and structurally compromised teeth are restored. Polyethylene fibers, with an elastic modulus similar to dentin, can be used as a material for core buildups. For this reason, they have been replacing the use of intraradicular retainers and have gained popularity. The use of these materials preserves more tooth structure, distributes forces uniformly along the tooth's longitudinal axis, and adapts to the root canal walls, improving resistance. This conservative approach not only avoids the need for prosthetic materials like intraradicular retainers to support a crown, which, while effective, may not offer optimal integration with the natural tooth tissues, but also allows for a restoration that not only reinforces the tooth but is also functional and aesthetic. Objective: This study aims to present a clinical case with a biomimetic approach as an alternative treatment for the conservation of endodontically treated teeth that present significant structural compromise, with a six-month follow-up. Results: The clinical case to date demonstrates that the biomimetic technique has been effective in rehabilitating structurally compromised teeth. The absence of periapical lesions, the reduction in periodontal ligament widening, the recovery of soft tissues, and, above all, keeping what was previously considered lost still in the mouth, are indicators of treatment success. Conclusions: Materials and the application of biomimetic techniques are allowing for less invasive restoration of teeth for direct reconstruction of teeth with significant structural loss of dental tissue. The use of polyethylene fibers in conjunction with resins to reinforce the root and coronal structure appears to be a viable treatment option, demonstrating to be an effective alternative for maintaining tooth functionality.