Barreras y factores facilitadores del acceso a la atención odontológica en gestantes del municipio de San Miguel (Santander) durante el primer semestre del 2017

Abstract

Objective: To identify barriers and factors that facilitates access to dental care for pregnant women in the Municipality of San Miguel, Santander. METHODS: A cross-sectional, observational, cross-sectional study was carried out. A Tanahashi model was applied to 25 pregnant and postpartum women (up to 6 months), resident in the study municipality. The variables included were classified into six groups: Sociodemographic, those related to accessibility, acceptability, availability, contact, pregnancy and dentistry. For the univariate statistical analysis, summary measures were calculated according to the nature of the variables. For the bivariate analysis, it was considered as an output variable assistance to the dental consultation and as explanatory the sociodemographic and those related to barriers according to Tanahashi, for that Chi square test or Fisher's exact test was applied for the qualitative variables and for the quantitative test Student's t test or the Wilcoxon rank test. Results: Twelve percent (3) of the women did not attend dentistry. In all women, 28% (7) reported having problems with their teeth and 40% (10) bleeding gums. In those who received care, 52.3% (11) only had them cleaned and 33.3% (7) only had oral examination. Of the women who did not go to the dental appointment, 66.6% did not schedule a dental appointment (p = 0.029) or lived far from the center of attention, they were all worried that the consultation would affect their baby. The women who attended the consultation coexisted with four people and those who did not have two (p = 0.0205). Conclusions: In the evaluated women, factors that prevent their attendance to dental consultation seem to predominate; however, women make every effort to attend despite the difficulties.