Conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas en salud bucal, antes y después de una estrategia educativa mediadas por la tecnología en niños de cuarto y quinto primaria colegio Niño Jesús de Praga, 2021

Abstract

Introduction: The pandemic (COVID-19) has been a challenge in education, forcing to seek effectives strategies for children through virtuality. The health education programs should continue driving and provide knowledge to prevent the development of diseases. The formation of healthy behaviors from childhood is a need recognized by experts in growth and development, with the endorsement of the World Health Organization (WHO). To generate a good level of knowledge, the educator must consider the existing heterogeneity in the capture information. An important opportunity is then presented to detect if changes are generated in the level of knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) on oral health, applying a remote educational strategy that considers the VAK teaching model. Objectives: Determine the knowledge, attitudes, and practices in oral health, of the students belonging to the educational institution, Colegio Niño Jesús de Praga, fourth and fifth grade, before and after a virtual educational intervention, mediated by technology. Materials and methods: The study was realized using a quasi-experimental methodology with a test before and after the intervention, in a population of 57 students from fourth and fifth grade students, with the sampling being non probabilistic by convenience. The used instruments were the CAP questionary and interactive intervention with a didactic resource about oral health produced for the investigation, based on three styles of learning (visual, auditive and kinesthetic). To obtain results, the univariate and bivariate analysis were performed using the statistical program Stata 14; For the bivariate, the sociodemographic variable sex was associated with the variables referring to the KAP questionnaire. Results: Statistically meaningful differences were obtained (p< 0.0.5) on oral health habits in the component about oral care knowledges, specifically about the time that is required on the brushing. Likewise, on the oral health practice variable statistically meaningful differences were found on all items, except for the item 2, which inquired around the material used to brush the teeth, which had a uniform answer, which was the toothbrush. Finally, on the evaluation of attitudes towards the oral care statistically meaningful differences were found on each evaluated question, apart from item 1, which was focused on the use of the brushing to prevent caries and gum diseases. Conclusion: It is concluded that the intervention with the educative tool structured with the didactic material based on the visual, auditive and kinesthetic learning styles produced statistically meaningful differences on a general level on the knowledges, attitudes, and practices of oral health in the population of the study.