Factores de competitividad para la internacionalización de dermocosméticos con base en arroz en Colombia: un enfoque desde el estudio de mercado

Abstract

Rice derivatives (Oryza sativa) are increasingly used in dermocosmetics for their moisturizing, antioxidant, soothing, and potentially depigmenting properties. Among the most common ingredients are rice starch, rice bran oil, aqueous or hydroglycolic extracts of the grain, hydrolyzed proteins, and rice water, sometimes fermented. The objective of this review is to synthesize, following adapted PRISMA guidelines, the available evidence on the skin-relevant chemical composition, the proposed mechanisms of action, and the clinical outcomes associated with the topical use of rice derivatives in dermocosmetic products. To this end, a structured search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar up to April 2024, using terms related to Oryza sativa, rice, rice extracts, dermocosmetics, and skin care. Predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to select in vitro, ex vivo, animal, and human studies on the topical use of rice derivatives. Thus, experimental studies suggest that components such as γ-oryzanol, tocopherols, tocotrienols, ceramides, phytosterols, polysaccharides, and peptides may contribute to improving barrier function, reducing oxidative stress, and modulating skin inflammation. Pilot clinical trials also indicate benefits in hydration, smoothness, skin tone radiance, and tolerance in sensitive and atopic skin. However, the heterogeneity of the formulations, the lack of standardization of the extracts, and the small sample size limit the strength of the conclusions. Therefore, it is concluded that rice-based dermocosmetics represent a promising option, especially for sensitive, dry, or easily irritated skin. However, rigorously designed, controlled clinical trials using standardized rice derivatives are required to support robust clinical recommendations.