Políticas públicas sustitución cultivos ilícitos gobierno Juan Manuel Santos Calderón departamento Cauca

Abstract

The internal armed conflict in Colombia has been characterized by the development of multiple opposing forces vying for territorial control of territories considered strategic for the transit of combatants and the dynamics of illegal economies, such as the trafficking of war supplies and materials and, above all, illicit crops. This conflict, which dates back to the 1950s, has been transformed by new practices such as extortion, drug trafficking, and the diversification of armed actors, primarily in rural areas. In this context, understanding the armed conflict in Colombia requires a territorial perspective that recognizes the country's geographic, historical, and sociopolitical diversity. In the case of the department of Cauca, which is part of the PDET subregion known as southern Cauca and the department of Nariño, the dynamics of the war have significantly impacted indigenous, Afro-Colombian, and peasant communities, who have been involved in processes of instrumentalization and adaptation to illicit crops. The imposition of illegal economies by armed groups, confinement, and threats have been used as a form of coercion against the civilian population.