Neuroeducación para el fortalecimiento del modelo de escuela nueva en básica primaria: Una propuesta desde el centro educativo rural El Portento en el municipio de El Retiro, Antioquia

Abstract

The New School educational model plays an essential role in ensuring access to education in multigrade rural institutions in Colombia by promoting learning autonomy and participation. However, it faces challenges related to its outdated structure, low academic performance, and the impact of social and family environments on learning, highlighting the necessity for a different approach. The project Neuroeducation for the Strengthening of the Escuela Nueva Model was developed at the Centro Educativo Rural Lejos del Nido, El Portento campus, in El Retiro (Antioquia), through aqualitative approach framed within the interpretative paradigm, exploratory in nature, under applied research. Participant observation, in-depth interviews, and document analysis techniques were used, along with the Design Thinking methodology to design and validate educational resources aimed at teachers. As a result, the digital booklet From Heart to Neuron was developed, integrating neuroeducation principles into lesson planning. The results demonstrated how significant the model is for rural education by fostering collaboration, autonomy, and community integration. However, limitations were identified, such as outdated learning guides, scarcity of resources, and lack of teacher training. It is concluded that the cognitive and emotional diversity of students in multigrade classrooms is a challenge that affects learning and school coexistence; however, these challenges can be addressed through the incorporation of neuroeducation, which strengthens cognitive and socio-emotional skills and opens possibilities to improve educational quality based on scientific knowledge, while reducing gaps in rural contexts with structural limitations.