Simulación del fenómeno de inundabilidad que afecta la vereda La Playa en un tramo del río Ariari del municipio de Granada, Meta

Abstract

In the present investigation, a series of computational processes were developed with the purpose of understanding the behavior of the Ariari River as it passes through the village of La Playa, located in the municipality of Granada, Meta. The frequency of floods that threaten the communities located in the hydric round of the river that also affect their quality of life was studied. A one-dimensional hydraulic model was executed in the HEC-RAS software, which allowed simulating the return periods at 5,10,25,50 and 100 years; additionally, a two-dimensional hydraulic simulation was carried out for the return period of 5 years. The flows for the execution of the one-dimensional model were found from the flow data transposition method that allowed obtaining the maximum values of the flow for the different return periods. Analogously, for the execution of the two-dimensional model it was necessary to build a rainfall runoff model from the HEC-HMS software. With the intention of obtaining more precise data, the calibration of the hydraulic models was carried out by means of the Manning roughness coefficient; Once the calibration was finished, the results were exported to the ArcGis software and in this way generate the flood hazard maps and carry out their respective analysis. As results, percentages of flooding area of the urban area of the village of 5.91%, 15.65%, 41.69%, 41.69% and 41.69% were obtained for the return periods of 5,10,25,50 and 100 years respectively in the one-dimensional simulation. For the simulation of the two-dimensional model, a percentage of flooding of the urban area of 58.9% was found, a value that represents 6.29 flooded hectares. Finally, based on the results obtained in both models, non-structural mitigation strategies were proposed, such as the early warning system and the expansion of the hydrometeorological network of the basin and some structural measures such as geomats and reno mattresses.