Pregrado Ingeniería Ambiental
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Ítem Implementación de la metodología “Water Sensitive Cities Index - WSCI” en la ciudad de Villavicencio, como estrategia técnica que evidencia la gestión del recurso hídrico.(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2024-03-11) Salamanca Medina, Yeimy Carolaing; Rojas Reina, Christian Jose; Universidad Santo Tomas; https://scienti.minciencias.gov.co/cvlac/visualizador/generarCurriculoCv.do?cod_rh=0000089317; https://scholar.google.es/citations?hl=es&user=GiWWc18AAAAJ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1044-3329This report presents the findings from the application of the "Water Sensitive Cities Index" (WSCI) methodology in Villavicencio, Meta, aimed at evaluating the management of water resources in the city's water supply system. The study is part of a broader project analyzing the relationship between urban development and water network configuration in intermediate Colombian cities. Key changes in the urban morphology and their impact on water infrastructure were identified through multitemporal analysis. Three focus groups (users, academia, and managers) assessed the 34 WSCI indicators using a scale based on the ILO (2021) methodology. The results reveal both progress and areas for improvement in water management, emphasizing the importance of water planning and local stakeholder engagement.Ítem Análisis de la viabilidad técnica y económica para la implementación de muros verdes en el Campus Doctor Angélico de la Universidad Santo Tomás: evaluación de plantas orientadas a la mejora de los sistemas de drenaje pluviales(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2025) Aunta Peña, Juan Camilo; Hernández Mejía, Paola Andrea; Ramírez Rodríguez, Diana Paola; Universidad Santo TomásThe accelerated urbanization of the 21st century has intensified environmental, economic, and social challenges that threaten urban sustainability and human well-being. This phenomenon, marked by the loss of green spaces, has exacerbated the heat island effect, surface runoff, and atmospheric pollution. In this context, green walls emerge as a sustainable strategy to mitigate these impacts. This study analyzed the technical and economic feasibility of implementing green walls at the Doctor Angélico Campus of Santo Tomás University, within the framework of sustainable development. Through climatic and structural diagnostics, the western terraces of the campus were identified as optimal areas for installation. The methodology combined supplier quotations, Benefit Transfer (adjusted for Purchasing Power Parity -PPP- and Consumer Price Index -CPI-) to monetize ecosystem services, and a financial analysis using Net Present Value (NPV) and Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR) indicators, under a 50-year horizon and a 5.06% discount rate. The results revealed an NPV of $9,083,792,482 COP and a BCR of 19.55, demonstrating that for every peso invested, 19.55 pesos are recovered in socio-environmental benefits. In the sensitivity analysis, two scenarios were projected: one with tangible benefits for the university and another with a 50% reduction in environmental benefits. The first yielded a negative NPV, while the second showed positive profitability, highlighting the project's dependence on the valuation of all ecosystem services and its vulnerability to overestimated benefits. The implementation of green walls on campus is not only technically viable but also enhances environmental quality, strengthens the institution's sustainability-oriented image, and enables opportunities for environmental certifications and urban greening funding programs. This study reinforces the importance of integrating green infrastructure into university planning as a resilience mechanism against contemporary urban challenges.Ítem Diseño de un Sistema de Producción de Biogás en Zona Rural del Municipio de el Dorado Meta(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2025-04-03) Olaya Mesa, Laura Lizeth; Mosquera Beltran, Yesica Natalia; Universidad Santo Tomas; https://scienti.minciencias.gov.co/cvlac/visualizador/generarCurriculoCv.do?cod_rh=0001428743; https://scholar.google.com/citations?hl=es&user=bDD0MQkAAAAJIn some rural areas of Colombia, domestic gas service is still not available due to distribution challenges and economic limitations. In this context, an alternative for these communities is the installation of biogas plants that meet these needs by supplying methane, especially in areas where residual biomass is available. The project will be carried out in the municipality of El Dorado, Meta. The aim is to propose the design of a biogas system that contributes to the rural area of the municipality, operating with agricultural and livestock waste, with the objective of producing biogas in a pilot project that could be extended not only to municipalities lacking the service but also as a strategy for applying clean energy in the future, given existing concerns about fossil fuels and waste management. For this purpose, an initial diagnosis was carried out through the spatial location of the municipality of El Dorado and the identification of agricultural waste production based on secondary information and surveys. Following this, field information was collected and analyzed, selecting five farms in rural areas, where information on the energy consumption of the rural community was also acquired. Finally, the most suitable type of anaerobic biodigester was established based on local conditions, and a design adjusted to the needs and limitations of the rural community was proposed. The tubular biodigester is the appropriate option for energy production in the rural area of El Dorado, allowing efficient use of waste with a Retention Time (RT) of 40 days, ensuring stable and sustainable energy generation. A theoretical biogas production is obtained on the farms that varies between 7.33 and 10.57 m³/day, with a calorific value of 6 kWh/m³. Furthermore, in the particular case of the Tierra de Oro and Las Delicias farms, they would cover 38.2% and 55.1% of the domestic gas demand, respectively.Ítem Evaluación de las aguas residuales industriales con enmiendas minerales para la producción de bioinsumos en BioAgro - Meta(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2025-03-05) Monje Molina, Karen Geraldine; Sastoque Salcedo, Angela María; Arboleda Montes, leydy Johana; Universidad Santo Tomás; https://scienti.minciencias.gov.co/cvlac/visualizador/generarCurriculoCv.do?cod_rh=0000003431; https://scienti.minciencias.gov.co/cvlac/visualizador/generarCurriculoCv.do?cod_rh=0000115799; https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=02ePzCIAAAAJ&hl=es&authuser=1; https://scholar.google.es/citations?hl=es&user=8Odmoc4AAAAJ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7670-2939; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4234-5384This document evaluates the use of industrial wastewater treated with mineral amendment to produce bioinputs in the company BioAgro, a microbiological line was established for the soil before and after application of the bioinput, Monitoring key variables such as plant height, leaf width, number of leaves, electrical conductivity and pH. Salt decantation practices were also implemented to obtain mineral amendments such as caliphs and ormus, with the aim of enriching the soil and improving its fertility. The results showed that the use of mineral amendments allowed a growth in beneficial microbial activity of the soil, favoring experimental crops of Sorgo and Avena. It concludes that the re-use of industrial wastewater together with mineral amendment is a sustainable strategy for regenerative agriculture, contributing to the reduction of environmental impacts in the use of chemicals and optimizing water resources in the agricultural sector.Ítem Estrategias para la gestión de residuos de construcción y demolición en la microcuenca del caño buque en villavicencio, meta(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2025-03-06) Alfonso Bohorquez, Catalina; Bustamante Zapata, Angelica Maria; Universidad Santo Tomás; https://scienti.minciencias.gov.co/cvlac/visualizador/generarCurriculoCv.do?cod_rh=0001259113; http://scholar.google.com/citations?user=bNd6GSkAAAAJ&hl=es; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5391-8646The Caño Buque micro-watershed, located in the city of Villavicencio, Meta, spans approximately 19.1 km and has a drainage area of 5.71 km². It is a vital water resource for both the ecosystem and the local community. However, it faces a critical pollution problem and suffers from a lack of research and limited information. The primary source of contamination in the water body comes from the improper disposal of Construction and Demolition Waste (CDW), which affects water quality and contributes to soil and air pollution, creating significant challenges for CDW management in the city. The participation of citizens and other local actors is important to address this issue, considering that environmental education is essential to raise awareness in the community, promoting social responsibility and strengthening environmental culture. Additionally, adopting a circular economy approach in solid waste management is advised, aiming to reduce, recycle, and reuse materials, thereby generating environmental and economic benefits. Furthermore, the implementation of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) would enable more precise environmental planning and optimal management of natural resources, benefiting both the ecosystem and the local communities.Ítem Estudio multidisciplinario de los impactos ambientales en bofedales y sus medidas de restauración ecológica en la zona altoandina del Perú(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2025-03-06) Torres Vergara, María Fernanda; Arboleda Montes, Leydy Johanna; Universidad Santo Tomás; https://scienti.minciencias.gov.co/cvlac/visualizador/generarCurriculoCv.do?cod_rh=0000115799; https://scholar.google.es/citations?hl=es&user=8Odmoc4AAAAJ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4234-5384Bofedales are ecosystems found in the Andes with herbaceous vegetation, located on flat terrain and constantly saturated with water. The organic soils in these areas can be deep, such as in peatlands. This ecosystem, classified as an Andean wetland, has dense and compact vegetation, with herbaceous growth ranging from 0.5 to 0.1 meters in height. In the High-Andean Zone of Peru, bofedales perform vital functions by storing water resources and hosting high biodiversity. They serve as a habitat for high-quality forage species crucial for livestock, support a significant grazing capacity, and are the primary habitat for camelids (alpacas), making them indispensable for high-Andean communities. Economic activities such as overgrazing, mining, and livestock farming are causing significant impacts, potentially damaging vegetation and leading to species extinction. Addressing these issues is essential to ensure the conservation of these ecosystems. Restore negative impacts and promote the long-term sustainability of natural resources through integrated actions, these include assessing biodiversity and water quality and adopting carbon capture strategies. Such measures seek to mitigate adverse environmental effects and restore essential ecosystem services, critical for human well-being and biodiversity preservation. This state of the art seeks to compile information on the environmental impacts affecting bofedales, as these impacts not only harm biodiversity but also lead to consequences such as climate change, soil degradation, species extinction, and resource depletion. It is important to highlight that bofedales are high-Andean ecosystems of significant environmental, social, and economic relevance.Ítem Impacto de la producción de desarrollo tecnológico e innovación (conceptos técnicos) del programa de ingeniería ambiental de la usta seccional villavicencio en el periodo 2017-2023(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2025-03-06) Forero Téllez, María Jóse; Rojas Reina, Christian José; Peñaranda Zárate, William; Universidad Santo Tomas; https://scienti.minciencias.gov.co/cvlac/visualizador/generarCurriculoCv.do?cod_rh=0000089317; https://scholar.google.es/citations?hl=es&user=GiWWc18AAAAJ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1044-3329The documentation and evaluation of the impact generated by the implementation of the technical concepts developed during the period 2018-2023 represents an essential area for the Universidad Santo Tomás. The present analysis contributed to the identification of the predominant approaches in the environmental engineering program regarding the development of technical concepts. The data used in this practice corresponded to the title of the technical concepts, technical director, year of delivery of the concept, requesting company and if the concept is registered in CvLAC, the aforementioned data was provided by the GAUV research group with the support of the information registered in the GrupLAC application. Once the data was analyzed, a survey was carried out on the technical directors or representatives of the requesting company in order to identify the social impact that the application of the generated concepts had. During the period 2018-2023, 58 technical concepts were registered, even so, only 44 concepts are registered in CvLAC. Finally, the survey was only able to be applied to 48 companies, however, with the information it was found that the application of technical concepts has benefited 3,537 people, which indicates that the creation and development of technical productions benefits the population in addition to having a positive impact on the environment, which generates better professional development in the environmental engineering program at Universidad Santo Tómas, Villavicencio campus.Ítem Análisis de estrategias de sostenibilidad en la cuenca del orinoco colombiano basados en experiencias aplicadas en otras cuencas(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2025) Cardozo Martines, Yeiner Jair; Manco Silva, Deibys Giraldo; Universidad Santo Tomas; https://scienti.minciencias.gov.co/cvlac/visualizador/generarCurriculoCv.do?cod_rh=0001226380; https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=hBrFoewAAAAJ&hl=es; https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8705-5175Colombia's Orinoco watershed, one of the richest in biodiversity, faces serious threats from deforestation, expansion of the agricultural frontier, mining, and hydrocarbon extraction. These activities have reduced the watershed's capacity to provide essential ecosystem services, such as water regulation and biodiversity support. In this context, successful sustainability experiences in other watersheds have been identified and analyzed that could be adapted and applied in the Orinoco to mitigate these negative impacts. This study focuses on the review of sustainability projects implemented in watersheds in various regions, such as the Yangtze in China, Lake Chad in Africa, and the Grand River in Canada, which have demonstrated success in ecological restoration and water resource managementÍtem Análisis Bibliométrico del Potencial de los UAV (Vehículos Aéreos no Tripulados) en la Evaluación y Mitigación de Incendios Forestales(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2025-01-22) Garzón Suarez, Camilo Andrés; Herrera Jacquelin, Francois; Universidad Santo Tomás; https://scienti.minciencias.gov.co/cvlac/visualizador/generarCurriculoCv.do?cod_rh=0001341603; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7427-0298This article reviews scientific literature on the potential of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in the assessment and mitigation of forest fires. The study aims to collect data on scientific publications, time frequencies and theoretical and methodological research references. For this purpose, the academic databases Scopus and SpringerLink were used, carrying out a methodology with standardized phases of collection, analysis, visualization and synthesis. The conclusions of scientific advances in the prevention and control of forest fires show a diverse spectrum in the application of innovative tools. These include sensors backed by artificial intelligence, high-resolution imagery, and deep learning algorithms, which facilitate more agile and effective decisions in disaster management. In addition, in the event of these events, UAVs are used to fly over inaccessible areas, equipped with sensors that measure air quality and materials designed to contain the fire. Finally, the use of these aircraft makes it possible to assess damage in difficult terrain, thus contributing to the design of strategies for the regeneration of severely affected ecosystems over various periods. However, this area of research continues to present a vast horizon of opportunities to improve the methods used today due to the relentless technological progress that promises to amplify our capacity to respond to these disasters.Ítem Plan integral de gestión contra el cambio climático de la empresa Proyecto Soto Norte S.A.S(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2025-03-03) Aguirre Chávez, Laura Lizeth; Contreras Gómez, Alix YusaraThis document focuses on the comprehensive climate change management plan for Proyecto Soto Norte, a mining company committed to sustainability and environmental responsibility. This plan looks to develop strategies that will enable the company to reduce its carbon footprint, optimize the use of natural resources, and build resilience to the adverse effects of climate change. To this end, some areas of intervention have been identified, including the optimization of electricity consumption, the reduction of fossil fuel consumption, environmental education, and the strengthening of ecological rehabilitation programs to contribute to the preservation of local biodiversity. On the other hand, the need to further strengthen the relationship with local communities and other stakeholders to ensure an inclusive and participatory approach will also be addressed.Ítem PASANTÍA EMPRESARIAL INSPECTOR AMBIENTAL EN LA EJECUCION DEL CONTRATO DE INTERVENTORÍA No. 05-EFR-2020(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2024-03) Sánchez Quintana, Clara del MarThis document relates the results of the activities carried out by the intern. Clara del Mar Sánchez as environmental audit inspector within the framework of the Contract Intervention 05-EFR-2020 for the construction of the expansion of the NQS Avenue Trunk phases II and III, for the Transmilenio System, from 22nd Street to the sector known as Altico (phase II) at an approximate length of 1.3. km, and phase III that includes the section between the station of 3M integration, to the courtyard-portal of the system. In addition, a brief description of the project is presented in its location aspects, the activities carried out as well as the description of the results obtained, photographic record and writings made during practice. Finally, it is important to highlight the contributions of work and impact of the same on the professional and personal training of the intern taking the different activities delegated by the immediate boss.Ítem Diseño de un Biodigestor con Excretas de Porcinos para la Finca Buenos Aires de la Vereda Magueyes(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2025-01-21) Chacón Serna, Luvana Fernanda; Solano Vargas, Álvaro Ricardo Del Sol; Villabona Durán, Yurley PaolaThe objective of this research is to design a biodigester for the production of biogas with pig excreta produced on the Buenos Aires farm in the Magueyes village, Bucaramanga, Santander, which allows contributing to the energy demand through the generation of thermal energy. to meet the cooking needs and heating of piglets. Therefore, to meet this objective, the project will be divided into three stages: in the first, a technological surveillance will be carried out to define the operating parameters of the biodigester, then a simulation will be carried out in the Aspen Plus Software to establish the capacity of production of biogas therein, and finally the design of the biodigester will be carried out, meeting the specific needs of the farm.Ítem Diseño de estrategias para la reducción del índice de agua no contabilizada (IANC) pasantía en SerTinjacá S.A.S E.S.P Boyacá(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2024) Atara Morales, Carlos Andrés; Monroy Avila, Edison Fabian; Universidad Santo Tomas Seccional TunjaWithin the framework of an internship in environmental engineering, the opportunity to contribute to the sustainable development of the public services company (ESP) SerTinjaca S.A.S E.S.P. in Tinjacá, Boyacá is presented. This degree project focuses on providing comprehensive technical support to the ESP, specifically in the management of the Non-Revenue Water Index (NRI). The correct management of water resources and their efficiency are crucial in the current context of sustainable development. The main objective is to design and apply methodologies that improve the operational management of the water distribution system, guaranteeing optimal conditions for the community and the environment. The proposed methodology includes the evaluation of the sustainability of the processes and their impact on the local community, with a particular focus on the identification and reduction of non-revenue water losses. It is expected to improve the efficiency in water distribution, optimizing resources and promoting long-term sustainability. This project, which combines environmental engineering with efficient public services management, seeks to offer a tangible contribution to the sustainable development of Tinjacá. Potential results include a significant improvement in the operational efficiency of the ESP and a move towards the sustainability of water supply. The collaboration with SerTinjaca S.A.S E.S.P. will allow the development of innovative and practical solutions to optimize water use, minimizing losses and ensuring a constant and safe supply for the inhabitants. This integrative approach is positioned as a reference model for other communities facing similar challenges in the management of their water resources.Ítem FORMULACIÓN DEL SISTEMA DE GESTIÓN AMBIENTAL SEGÚN LA NORMA NTC ISO 14001:2015 EN LA EMPRESA JA INGENIERÍA & PERFORACIONES SAS(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2024) Acevedo Durán, Paula Valentina; Borda Soler, Stiven Hernando; Monroy Ávila, Edinson Fabian; Universidad Santo TomásThis research focuses on the design of an environmental management system (EMS) based on ISO 14001:2015 for the company JA INGENIERÍA Y PERFORACIONES, specialized in drilling deep wells for groundwater extraction. A descriptive methodology was used to identify the characteristics of the company, its activities, measurement of inputs and outputs of the process, and the realization of an initial diagnosis using the Initial Environmental Review (IER) methodology and the evaluation of environmental impacts was performed using the Conesa matrix to assess environmental aspects and impacts, considering materials, energy and process waste. Based on the diagnosis, an EMS was designed as a short- and medium-term implementation alternative that seeks to generate economic, commercial, and social benefits for the company. The EMS is based on the requirements of ISO 14001:2015, including the establishment of the environmental policy, operational control, monitoring and measurement, emergency plans, internal audits and continuous improvement.Ítem Metodología de evaluación del impacto ambiental de aceites esenciales como posibles desinfectantes en ambientes intrahospitalarios(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2025-01-20) Ortiz Góngora, Nicole Michelle; Villabona Durán, Yurley Paola; Cervantes Diaz, MarthaThe objective of this project was to establish a methodology for the environmental impact assessment of essential oils as disinfectants in hospital environments. The methodological process consisted of a first stage where a bibliometric analysis was carried out in the Scopus database, this allowed the identification of the environmental risk assessment (ERA), assessment of ecotoxicological hazards and environmental fate, chemical ranking and scoring method (CRS), life cycle analysis (LCA) and risk assessment as current and emerging impact assessment methodologies. In a second stage, the integrated methodology for the assessment of the environmental impact of the use of essential oils as disinfectants was proposed based on the application of the modified chemical ranking and scoring method (CRS), life cycle analysis (LCA) and environmental risk assessment (ERA). In a third stage, the respective socialization of the proposed methodology was executed, and a survey was applied to the selected panel of experts, where four out of the five members indicated that the proposed methodology was pertinent and accomplished its purpose with satisfaction. However, it was suggested to add more detailed instructions, keep a record of the data collection time, verify the applicability of the databases to the project according to the chemical compounds of the disinfectant, define a representative functional unit for the LCA, identify the environmental aspects and apply an environmental assessment matrix that fits the needs of the projectÍtem Diseño de un biodigestor con excretas de porcinos para la finca Buenos Aires de la Vereda Magueyes(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2025-01-20) Chacón Serna, Luvana Fernanda; Solano Vargas, Álvaro Ricardo Del Sol; Villabona Durán, Yurley PaolaThe objective of this research is to design a biodigester for the production of biogas with pig excreta produced on the Buenos Aires farm in the Magueyes village, Bucaramanga, Santander, which allows contributing to the energy demand through the generation of thermal energy. to meet the cooking needs and heating of piglets. Therefore, to meet this objective, the project will be divided into three stages: in the first, a technological surveillance will be carried out to define the operating parameters of the biodigester, then a simulation will be carried out in the Aspen Plus Software to establish the capacity of production of biogas therein, and finally the design of the biodigester will be carried out, meeting the specific needs of the farmÍtem REMOCIÓN DE HIERRO EN AGUAS SUBTERRÁNEAS MEDIANTE EL USO DE BACTERIAS DEL MUNICIPIO DE SUTAMARCHÁN, BOYACÁ.(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2024-12-03) SAAVEDRA GAMEZ, ERIKA NAYARITH; HERRERA RODRÍGUEZ, LAURA JULIANA; VALERO POSADA, ADRIANA MARCELA; BENAVIDES ROZO, MARTHA ELIZABETH; Universidad Santo TomasThe present research proposal arose from the growing concern about the depletion of surface water sources used for the treatment of drinking water. In response to this problem, it was proposed to study the application of bacteria modifying their environment for the bioremediation of heavy metals, such as iron, in groundwater. These waters represent a significant percentage of the world's water resources and face increasing contamination due to human activities such as industry, agriculture and mining. The presence of these contaminants poses a highly relevant environmental and public health challenge. The research proposal was developed in three phases; The first was a detailed physicochemical characterization of groundwater in the municipality of Sutamarchán, Boyacá with the aim of identifying the values and presence of contaminants in the sample collections. The second phase focused on the selection and modification of specific bacterial strains. Finally, in the third phase, their capacity to capture heavy metals such as iron was optimized, using advanced biotechnology techniques that will guarantee the effectiveness of the bacteria both in laboratory conditions and in real environments. The results obtained will positively impact public policies related to water management and environmental protection, offering new strategies for the restoration of aquatic ecosystems and promoting sustainable practices in the management of water resources. In addition, this study may serve as a reference for future research and for the formulation of policies focused on water conservation and environmental protection.Ítem Incidencia de los mecanismos de gobernanza del agua sobre la cuenca del rio Guatiquia que abastece el acueducto de Villavicencio(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2024-12-18) Ramírez Castro, Juan David; Cortés Naranjo, Diego Andrey; Universidad Santo Tomás; https://scienti.minciencias.gov.co/cvlac/visualizador/generarCurriculoCv.do?cod_rh=0001601571; https://scholar.google.es/citations?user=yv5DCH4AAAAJ&hl=es; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1040-6744The Guatiquia River basin has a great water wealth born of the Chingaza moor in the municipality of Quetame and belongs to the great basin of the Orinoco River, manages to supply the capital of Colombia the city of Bogota with a value greater than 80% of its daily demand for drinking water, the rest of its water capacity is directed towards the south of the country down the eastern mountain range by the Guatiquia canyon with a higher altitude of 3. 600 m.a.s.l. until it reaches 300 m.a.s.l. Its water quality is very good because it has no tributaries discharging wastewater in a critical state or with high pollutant loads. This basin provides great ecosystemic services to the municipalities it belongs to, providing them with catchment sources for municipal aqueducts, The capital of Meta is not far behind since the Villavicencio Aqueduct and Sewerage Company (EAAV) of the city has three drinking water concessions on the basin, the one with the largest flow and importance is the concession of the intake of Quebrada la Honda with a value of 1,600 L/s. It achieves the supply of water for the municipal aqueducts. 600 L/s, it achieves the supply of drinking water to the company (EAAV) provides the largest water supply to the city but due to issues of poor water governance there is a crisis in the city, because its construction site the intake is in a critical point of risk and in times of high rainfall is evident the damage suffered by its infrastructure, what this generates every year repeatedly is that by major forces of nature due to natural disasters the pipe of the intake is damaged to the point of causing avalanches achieving the burial of this. With different mechanisms of citizen participation, an improvement in the water services provided by (EAAV) would be achieved, but unfortunately the people of the city of the capital of Meta are not interested in participating in citizen oversight in order to ensure transparency in the planning instruments such as the POMCA, which carries out the planning and management of the basin in a participatory manner seeking to establish consensus in the environmental zoning in order to protect and seek the conservation and sustainable use of the natural resources that are within this watershed.Ítem Correlación de las variables climáticas (temperatura, precipitación y humedad relativa) y el consumo energético en la Universidad Santo Tomás seccional Villavicencio en el periodo 2022(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2024-12-13) Bohorquez Cañaveral, Dahymler Steven; Murcia Fandiño, Jonathan Steven; Marenco Porto, Carlos Andrés; Universidad Santo Tomás; https://scienti.minciencias.gov.co/cvlac/visualizador/generarCurriculoCv.do?cod_rh=0001512364; https://scienti.minciencias.gov.co/cvlac/visualizador/generarCurriculoCv.do?cod_rh=0001559608; https://scholar.google.es/citations?hl=es&pli=1&user=9V7e_MsAAAAJ; https://scholar.google.es/citations?hl=es&user=-7QVmhUAAAAJ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1849-6847; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2969-5040Global energy consumption has increased in recent years. The impact it causes on the climate is considerable, especially through the generation of greenhouse gases that contribute to global warming. According to the Paris agreement, adopted in 2015, it aims to limit the global temperature increase to less than 2°C above industrial levels, taking into account actions to reduce energy consumption and emissions by 2030 . Thus, all organizations have a responsibility to contribute to the reduction of consumption and the global energy transition. This study is part of the research project called “Elaboration of an efficient energy plan (PGEE) for the campus Aguas Caras of the Universidad Santo Tomás Sectional Villavicencio through the implementation of the NTC ISO 50001:2018”. This research focuses on analyzing the correlation of climatic variables for the energy consumption of the Universidad Santo Tomás Sectional Villavicencio during the year 2022. For this purpose, a collection of information and analysis of climate and energy consumption data was carried out using the linear interpolation method and Pearson correlation in order to identify patterns and trends for the formulation of effective strategies. The results of the study revealed relationships between meteorological parameters and energy consumption, with the temperature variable having the greatest influence on the increase in consumption. The selection of energy efficiency programs is proposed, which would not only reduce operating costs, but would also contribute to reducing the institution's carbon footprint.Ítem Recirculación de Condensados para Aumentar la Eficiencia Energética de la Caldera y Disminuir el Consumo de Agua en la Planta Parmalat de Chía (Cundinamarca)(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2024-12) Jerez Cruz, Angie Lorena; Ortiz Penagos, Nidia Elena; Universidad Santo Tomás; https://scienti.minciencias.gov.co/cvlac/visualizador/generarCurriculoCv.do?cod_rh=0000004524; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1149-2779Parmalat Colombia Ltda. of the Lactalis group is one of the most important companies in the dairy industry in the food sector. One of its main plants is located in the municipality of Chía, Cundinamarca, where different production processes are carried out that are characterized by a high demand in water and gas consumption. In the specific case of the boiler equipment, it is in charge of distributing steam to the different production areas of the plant. Taking into account the complexity of the processes together with the company's daily production volume, it is estimated that 6.9 m3 of water were consumed for each ton produced, which generated an average consumption of 594.4 m3 of water and 7,255 m3 of gas per day for the first half of the year 2023. Although the reduction of these volumes is a challenging task, this problem can be minimized by using the condensates by recirculating them to the boiler, since in this case they are not used after the steam distribution is completed. To evaluate the feasibility of implementing this system in the plant, 3 phases were carried out where the critical points of the operation were identified and the distribution line of boiler 2 was defined for the implementation of the possible system. A sampling and evaluation of the physicochemical parameters of the boiler feed water and condensate outlet was carried out; and finally an energy efficiency system was proposed by incorporating a condensate recirculation process from which it was obtained as a result that by implementing this type of system the boiler efficiency can be increased up to 10.71% generating savings in gas consumption of up to 32.606,002 $ per month.