Hallazgos radiográficos en el maxilar superior una revisión bibliográfica

Abstract

Introduction: In dental practice, radiology has established itself as a fundamental tool within the exploration process and findings in the maxilla, so that it provides a two-dimensional image that constitutes a diagnostic aid and allows the dentist to issue presumptive diagnoses. Objective. Report according to the literature which are the most frequent radiographic findings in the maxilla. Results. We identified 6711 reports of radiographic findings in the upper jaw in databases, of which 32% corresponded to periapical lesions and cysts; Followed by dental anomalies in general with 21%; While 14% corresponded to pathologies related to sinusitis. It was also found that 9% of the findings were related to odontogenic tumors, 5% with affections in the maxillary sinus, 4% to odontogenic fibromas, while 3% for both composite odontomas and odontogenic adenomatoid tumors. Finally, 4% of odontogenic epithelial tumors and fibrosarcoma, and pathologies related to maxillary chondroma, 5% were reported for chronic suppurative maxillary osteomyelitis, globulomaxillary cyst and juvenile trabecular ossifying fibroma. Conclusion. It was determined that the most commonly used conventional techniques for the exploration of maxillary findings are panoramic, lateral and anterior water's techniques at an extraoral level; While the techniques of intraoral type are the periapical radiography, with bisector and parallel techniques. As for the usual digital techniques, it was found that of the beam of rank (fam beam) and computed tomography of volumetric beam (cone beam TCHC) are the most common, which are used more frequently at present.