Discursos Políticos en Colombia: La Construcción del Otro Entre Gustavo Petro e Iván Duque Durante el Año 2015 Hasta el 2019, en la Red Social Twitter.

Abstract

The subject that will be addressed in the present will be the discursive analysis between Gustavo Petro and Iván Duque within the Twitter social network, ranging from the 2018 Colombian presidential campaign where the then candidates Gustavo Petro and Iván Duque faced each other in an intense political dispute. on the social network Twitter. Throughout the years 2015 to 2019, both politicians used this platform to promote their ideas, criticize the adversary and build a discourse that differentiated their proposals.

This study focuses on the analysis of the political discourses of Petro and Duque on Twitter, specifically in the construction of the other and the discursive strategies used for it. For this, the theory of Critical Discourse Analysis (ACD) and the analysis matrix proposed by Teun van Dijk are used. It also seeks to understand how the rhetoric used by political leaders affected political polarization in Colombia. Political discourses are important tools for mobilizing public opinion and building political identities, and their impact can be especially strong on social media.

In this case, the political speeches of Petro and Duque were marked by the construction of the "other", that is, the creation of a negative image of their political opponents. Petro used terms like "oligarchy" and "elite" to refer to his opponents, while Duque used the term "castrochavismo" to refer to Petro and the left. These political labels are emotionally charged and can be very effective in mobilizing supporters and discrediting political opponents.

The political rhetoric used by Petro and Duque was also focused on mobilizing their respective fan bases, and discrediting political opponents. In addition, the intensive use of social networks to disseminate these political discourses amplified the political polarization in Colombia.

Similarly, how these speeches reflected the deep political divisions in Colombia. The country has historically been marked by political polarization, and political discourse can amplify and deepen these divisions. In addition, it seeks to understand how political rhetoric can affect the political stability of a country, especially in a context of political transitions or uncertainty.

In the same way, it seeks to explain how both political leaders sought to generate a negative image of the opponent through the manipulation of information and the exaggeration of some of its aspects. In this way, it was intended to convince citizens of the danger of voting for the other, seeking to generate a confrontation between the different visions of the country that were presented, in which differences were emphasized and the possibilities of meeting or dialogue were minimized.

Finally, the present work has as its ultimate goal to understand how these platforms can be used to mobilize followers and attack political opponents. In Colombia, political polarization has been exacerbated by the intensive use of social networks by politicians and their supporters. Understanding how these dynamics work can help identify measures to reduce polarization and encourage more constructive political dialogue.