El difícil camino hacia el desarrollo sostenible de las centrales nucleares en Latinoamérica: Caso Brasil

Abstract

This article seeks to make known the importance of investment and construction of nuclear power plants, in search of generating cleaner energy and with lessemission of polluting gases, also highlight the non-dependence on oil to create energy, since there are other metals such as uranium that are used to produce it. It is important to highlight that the energy sector is one of the main problems facing the planet faces now, because it is the one that contributes the most to gas emissions pollutants and greenhouse effect to the atmosphere; for this reason that it focuses on nuclear power plants as the solution to this problem. The main task of the plants Nuclear power focuses on taking advantage of a heat source to convert a liquid into vapor circulates through a set of ducts, that steam is used to drive the turbine which is responsible for producing electrical energy. The energy released in the plants is characterized by its low fuel consumption and waste production, which means that nuclear energy is a good solution to minimize CO2 emissions into the atmosphere, due to it does not emit this impurified gas in power generation. The case study of this article is focused on Brazil, the second country in Latin America after Argentina in nuclear energy production, which understood the importance of diversification of nuclear energy in order to stabilize and generate low carbon energy. With its “Almirante Álvaro Alberto” Nuclear Power Plant, Brazil maintains a legal monopoly over the nuclear energy industry, with Eletronuclear being the company responsible for operating in the nuclear energy sector. The operation and construction of nuclear power plants and the transmission and marketing of electrical energy generated by nuclear reactors is Brazil's main investment objective.