Impacto de la inteligencia artificial en puestos de trabajo y competencias laborales del sector público: gobernación de La Guajira

Abstract

This research analyzes the potential impact of artificial intelligence as a driver of change in public sector jobs, taking a strategic division of the Governorate of La Guajira as a case study. The study was conducted using a mixed-methods approach, combining a literature review with a survey administered to 29 public servants to evaluate three key dimensions: processes susceptible to automation, perceptions regarding AI adoption, and the job competencies required in the new digital environment. The results show that processes such as document management, citizen services, and data processing hold high potential for optimization through AI. Furthermore, while most employees recognize benefits in efficiency, they also express concerns regarding job replacement and a lack of digital skills. Based on these findings, human talent management strategies are proposed to strengthen training, reduce resistance to change, and foster progressive adaptation through pilot programs, technical support, and the updating of job profiles. Ultimately, the study concludes that AI represents a significant opportunity to optimize public administration, provided its implementation is aligned with clear internal policies and a human-centered approach.