La ética de la parrhesía: una práctica de la resistencia al poder político en Michel Foucault

Abstract

The present work of degree will interpret the ethics of parrhesia, in the analyses made by Michel Foucault in the year of 1984, as a practice of resistance. To this end, I ask myself: does the practice of parrhesia ethics constitute a practice of resistance in the diagram of power relations? The reason why I chose this problem as the central focus of undergraduate work is because, in long days of reading, reflection and writing, The ethics of parrhesia were presented to me as a practice that has ethical and political resonances of resistance to political power. So the first chapter will identify what the French philosopher means by resistance. If the concept of power is not understood, it is not possible to understand that of resistance. In this way, two definitions of power that Foucault made in 1976 and then in 1983 will be identified. The first definition, that of 1976, is found in the History of Sexuality I. The will to know (from now on HSVS). The second, from 1983, is found in a text titled "The Subject and the Power". (hereinafter SP). The intention with these two texts is to see in which of these two definitions it is appropriate to affirm the resistance of the ethics of parrhesia more broadly. The second chapter will analyse the practice of parrhesia ethics in the studies carried out by Foucault in 1984 on the ethical modality of Socrates and cynics. I refer especially to the course The courage of truth. because in it is found his study on the relationship of the ethical parrhesy. In that course, arguments will be found to support that the ethics of parrhesia is a practice of resistance. Finally, the third chapter will establish the conceptual relationship of an ethical parrhesy, a critical attitude, a practice of resistance, and the strategic game of political power relations. So the practice of parrhesia is a critical attitude which is ready to criticize its interlocutor, itself or the power technologies that constitute the present.