Análisis de la Relación Oferta – Demanda Hídrica, Enfocado en la Gestión Integral del Recurso Hídrico en la Cuenca del Río Coello, Mediante la Aplicación de la Herramienta Computacional WATERALLOC

Abstract

This research presents a hydrological modeling of the Coello river basin, Tolima, to analyze the water supply-demand relationship and unmet demand using the WaterALLOC computational tool. Flows were simulated for the current and future climate under the climate scenarios SSP1 2.6, SSP2 4.5 and SSP3 7.0. The results indicate that under the SSP1 2.6 scenario, the deficit increases significantly by 126.4% compared to the current scenario. Under the SSP2 scenario, the deficit increases dramatically by 170.6%. Under the SSP3 scenario, the water deficit increases by 8.88%. To mitigate the unmet demand, the construction of a reservoir with a capacity of 40 million m³ was simulated. The implementation of the reservoir showed a reduction in the average deficit (99.79%). These results demonstrate the effectiveness of the reservoir in improving water resource management and significantly reducing water deficit problems in the Coello river basin. The use of the WaterALLOC and HydroBID tools allowed a comprehensive assessment of water availability and demand in the Coello river basin. And the construction of the reservoir is presented as a viable and effective solution to face the challenges of climate change, ensuring adequate water availability in the region and improving the sustainable management of water resources.