Evaluación de la vulnerabilidad social y riesgo ambiental de los habitantes del barrio las Gaviotas del municipio de Villavicencio, frente a la amenaza natural que representa la cercanía al río Ocoa

Abstract

Factors such as the rapid population growth and the establishment of sustainable human settlements in area which represent a life threatening and the welfare of the population would contribute to the increased risk. However, these two factors themselves will not lead to increase but also the weak implementation of land-use management policy that allow the nonstructural measures management for the prevention and mitigation, focused on the risk reduction. (de Jesús Noriega et al., 2011)). Consequently, it emerges the need to assess the vulnerability related to social, economic and physic factors, allowing to know the communities’ degrees of fragility, as well as the capacity of recovery for emergency and natural disasters. As a result, this work was oriented to determine the level of social vulnerability and threatening of the las Gaviotas people, facing the natural threating that represent the Ocoa river, through a transactional descriptive non-experimental research, in function of five variable of vulnerability: economic, collective and familiar infrastructure, socio-politic, institutional and empathy with the threatening, taking into account, techniques of quantitative and qualitative investigation, through direct observation, surveys and semi structural interview. the results obtained show that the 82,89% of population of the neighborhood perceive the flood like the main natural risk, as result of the processes of urbanization over the water round of Ocoa River in the middle basin. Nevertheless, only the 30,26% consider to be highly exposed, this is due to they are homes of the calle 26 sur who suffer the major impact of emergencies for flooding, that is why the consideration to a greater or lesser extent of the exposure will depend on experiences gained. Likewise, because of the public policies against the control and attention of the municipal risk, the 97,37% manifest little attention with help in the emergency event.