Mejora del confort térmico en clima tropical mediante estrategias pasivas en la envolvente: caso de vivienda de interés social prioritario en la ciudad de Bucaramanga

Abstract

This investigation of thermal comfort in Colombian social housing was motivated by concerns about its quality, raised by the COVID 19 pandemic (WHO, 2020) and focuses on a multifamily urbanization of Priority-VIP social interest, starting with a qualitative diagnosis in mandatory preventive isolation (March 25, 2020 to August 21, 2020), which yielded 87% of heads of household respondents who stated that they were very hot, 100% who would like a cooler environment and 60% who considered the quality of their housing to be poor. They also answered that if they could add an additional space, they would prefer a third bedroom, secondly another bathroom and thirdly a balcony or laundry room. The need for the bedroom is not surprising since 60% of the homes reported people sleeping in the living room, which is also perceived as the hottest space. Subsequently, the thermal comfort hours in the homes were analyzed through energy simulation, according to the adaptive method (with acceptability of 80%), for areas without air conditioning systems, present in the ASRHAE 55 standard, finding 28% of annual discomfort and finally formulated and combined passive bioclimatic strategies to improve thermal comfort applied to the envelope, finding that a correct orientation added to the increase in the solar reflectance index-SRI, of walls and roof, reduces the time of discomfort to a third and if we also add the balcony mentioned above, this time falls to a sixth.