Drones en la Gestión de Incendios Forestales: Estrategias Avanzadas para la Detección Temprana y Prevención de Incendios en Áreas Vulnerables de Colombia.

Abstract

The increase in the frequency of forest fires poses a significant environmental and social challenge in Colombia. Factors such as climate change and the expansion of human activities have intensified the occurrence of these events, affecting not only biodiversity, but also local communities. This article examines the use of drones as a key tool for the early detection and management of fires in vulnerable areas of the country. Through an exhaustive review of the scientific literature available in academic databases, advances were identified in the integration of drones with artificial intelligence systems and the Internet of Things (IoT), technologies that allow real-time monitoring and issuing automatic alerts. These alternatives contribute to optimizing emergency response and reducing operating costs. The results highlight the effectiveness of drones in identifying fire outbreaks, proposing them as an accessible and sustainable solution to manage risks in hard-to-reach areas. The article highlights the importance of incorporating these technologies into environmental management policies in Colombia and suggests future research focused on improving the precision and autonomy of drones for an effective response to forest fires.