Humanismo ontológico y humanismo antropológico: el ser y la libertad en martín Heidegger y Sartre

Abstract

This research analyzes the conceptions of humanism developed by Martin Heidegger and Jean-Paul Sartre, based on the works *Being and Time*, *Letter on Humanism*, *Being and Nothingness*, and *Existentialism Is a Humanism*. The study begins with the distinction between an ontological perspective, centered on the relationship between the human being and Being, and an anthropological and existential perspective grounded in freedom, choice, and responsibility. Through a critical and comparative analysis, concepts such as Dasein, Mit-sein, being-in-itself, being-for-itself, nothingness, existence, and freedom are examined in order to identify points of convergence and divergence between the two philosophers. The research argues that, although Heidegger and Sartre develop different conceptions of humanism, their thought can be brought into dialogue through their shared concern with understanding human existence after the crisis of traditional metaphysical foundations. Thus, Heidegger’s ontological perspective broadens the understanding of existence beyond anthropocentrism, while Sartre’s approach contributes a fundamental dimension related to freedom, responsibility, and the construction of meaning in human existence.